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Segment Information
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2022
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information Segment Information
 
During the fourth quarter of 2021, we effected changes in the primary financial information provided to our CODM for assessing performance and allocating resources to present two operating segments, Crude Oil and NGL. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2021, this information was organized into three operating segments: Transportation, Facilities and Supply and Logistics. All segment data and related disclosures for earlier periods presented herein have been recast to reflect the new segment reporting structure. Our CODM evaluates segment performance based on measures including Segment Adjusted EBITDA (as defined below) and maintenance capital. During the fourth quarter of 2021, we modified our definition of Segment Adjusted EBITDA to exclude amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests. In connection with the Permian JV formation in October 2021, our CODM determined this modification resulted in amounts that were more meaningful to evaluate segment performance. Amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests for earlier periods presented herein have been recast to reflect this modification. See Note 20 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part IV of our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding the modifications to our segment reporting and for a full discussion of our basis for segmentation and performance measures.

We define Segment Adjusted EBITDA as revenues and equity earnings in unconsolidated entities less (a) purchases and related costs, (b) field operating costs and (c) segment general and administrative expenses, plus (d) our proportionate share of the depreciation and amortization expense of unconsolidated entities, further adjusted (e) for certain selected items including (i) gains and losses on derivative instruments that are related to underlying activities in another period (or the reversal of such adjustments from a prior period), gains and losses on derivatives that are either related to investing activities (such as the purchase of linefill) or purchases of long-term inventory, and inventory valuation adjustments, as applicable, (ii) long-term inventory costing adjustments, (iii) charges for obligations that are expected to be settled with the issuance of equity instruments, (iv) amounts related to deficiencies associated with minimum volume commitments, net of the applicable amounts subsequently recognized into revenue and (v) other items that our CODM believes are integral to understanding our core segment operating performance and (f) to exclude the portion of all preceding items that is attributable to noncontrolling interests (“Adjusted EBITDA attributable to noncontrolling interests”).
 
The following tables reflect certain financial data for each segment (in millions):

Crude OilNGLIntersegment Revenues
Elimination		Total
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Revenues (1):
   
Product sales$15,625 $525 $(143)$16,007 
Services315 45 (8)352 
Total revenues$15,940 $570 $(151)$16,359 
Equity earnings in unconsolidated entities$104 $— $104 
Segment Adjusted EBITDA$494 $120 $614 
Maintenance capital expenditures$25 $18 $43 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Revenues (1):
Product sales$9,500 $198 $(75)$9,623 
Services279 32 (4)307 
Total revenues$9,779 $230 $(79)$9,930 
Equity earnings in unconsolidated entities$33 $— $33 
Segment Adjusted EBITDA$553 $21 $574 
Maintenance capital expenditures$23 $14 $37 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Revenues (1):
Product sales$28,435 $1,207 $(254)$29,388 
Services584 97 (16)665 
Total revenues$29,019 $1,304 $(270)$30,053 
Equity earnings in unconsolidated entities$201 $— $201 
Segment Adjusted EBITDA$946 $281 $1,227 
Maintenance capital expenditures$45 $25 $70 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Revenues (1):
Product sales$17,086 $798 $(178)$17,706 
Services546 71 (10)607 
Total revenues$17,632 $869 $(188)$18,313 
Equity earnings in unconsolidated entities$121 $— $121 
Segment Adjusted EBITDA$1,027 $90 $1,117 
Maintenance capital expenditures$52 $21 $73 
(1)Segment revenues include intersegment amounts that are eliminated in Purchases and related costs. Intersegment activities are conducted at posted tariff rates where applicable, or otherwise at rates similar to those charged to third parties or rates that we believe approximate market at the time the agreement is executed or renegotiated.
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation

The following table reconciles Segment Adjusted EBITDA to Net income attributable to PAA (in millions):

Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
 2022202120222021
Segment Adjusted EBITDA$614 $574 $1,227 $1,117 
Adjustments: (1)
Depreciation and amortization of unconsolidated entities (2)
(17)(68)(37)(88)
Gains/(losses) from derivative activities and inventory valuation adjustments (3)
75 (163)(13)35 
Long-term inventory costing adjustments (4)
13 27 105 68 
Deficiencies under minimum volume commitments, net (5)
(10)(6)(15)26 
Equity-indexed compensation expense (6)
(7)(4)(15)(9)
Net gain/(loss) on foreign currency revaluation (7)
(3)1 (1)2 
Line 901 incident (8)
— — (85)— 
Significant transaction-related expenses (9)
— (3)— (3)
Adjusted EBITDA attributable to noncontrolling interests (10)
89 4 166 7 
Depreciation and amortization(242)(196)(473)(374)
Gains/(losses) on asset sales and asset impairments, net3 (369)46 (370)
Interest expense, net(99)(107)(206)(213)
Other income/(expense), net(118)84 (155)23 
Income/(loss) before tax298 (226)544 221 
Income tax (expense)/benefit(47)10 (68)(14)
Net income/(loss)251 (216)476 207 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(48)(4)(86)(5)
Net income/(loss) attributable to PAA$203 $(220)$390 $202 
(1)Represents adjustments utilized by our CODM in the evaluation of segment results.
(2)Includes our proportionate share of the depreciation and amortization expense (including write-downs related to cancelled projects) of unconsolidated entities.
(3)We use derivative instruments for risk management purposes and our related processes include specific identification of hedging instruments to an underlying hedged transaction. Although we identify an underlying transaction for each derivative instrument we enter into, there may not be an accounting hedge relationship between the instrument and the underlying transaction. In the course of evaluating our results, we identify differences in the timing of earnings from the derivative instruments and the underlying transactions and exclude the related gains and losses in determining Segment Adjusted EBITDA such that the earnings from the derivative instruments and the underlying transactions impact Segment Adjusted EBITDA in the same period. In addition, we exclude gains and losses on derivatives that are related to (i) investing activities, such as the purchase of linefill, and (ii) purchases of long-term inventory. We also exclude the impact of corresponding inventory valuation adjustments, as applicable.
(4)We carry crude oil and NGL inventory that is comprised of minimum working inventory requirements in third-party assets and other working inventory that is needed for our commercial operations. We consider this inventory necessary to conduct our operations and we intend to carry this inventory for the foreseeable future. Therefore, we classify this inventory as long-term on our balance sheet and do not hedge the inventory with derivative instruments (similar to linefill in our own assets). We exclude the impact of changes in the average cost of the long-term inventory (that result from fluctuations in market prices) and write-downs of such inventory that result from price declines from Segment Adjusted EBITDA.
(5)We, and certain of our equity method investments, have certain agreements that require counterparties to deliver, transport or throughput a minimum volume over an agreed upon period. Substantially all of such agreements were entered into with counterparties to economically support the return on our capital expenditure necessary to construct the related asset. Some of these agreements include make-up rights if the minimum volume is not met. We record a receivable from the counterparty in the period that services are provided or when the transaction occurs, including amounts for deficiency obligations from counterparties associated with minimum volume commitments. If a counterparty has a make-up right associated with a deficiency, we defer the revenue attributable to the counterparty’s make-up right and subsequently recognize the revenue at the earlier of when the deficiency volume is delivered or shipped, when the make-up right expires or when it is determined that the counterparty’s ability to utilize the make-up right is remote. We include the impact of amounts billed to counterparties for their deficiency obligation, net of applicable amounts subsequently recognized into revenue, as a selected item impacting comparability. Our CODM views the inclusion of the contractually committed revenues associated with that period as meaningful to Segment Adjusted EBITDA as the related asset has been constructed, is standing ready to provide the committed service and the fixed operating costs are included in the current period results.
(6)Our total equity-indexed compensation expense includes expense associated with awards that will be settled in units and awards that will be settled in cash. The awards that will be settled in units are included in our diluted net income per unit calculation when the applicable performance criteria have been met. We exclude compensation expense associated with these awards in determining Segment Adjusted EBITDA as the dilutive impact of the outstanding awards is included in our diluted net income per unit calculation, as applicable. The portion of compensation expense associated with awards that will settle in cash is not excluded in determining Segment Adjusted EBITDA. See Note 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part IV of our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion regarding our equity-indexed compensation plans.
(7)During the periods presented, there were fluctuations in the value of CAD to USD, resulting in the realization of foreign exchange gains and losses on the settlement of foreign currency transactions as well as the revaluation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency. These gains and losses are not integral to our core operating performance and were therefore excluded in determining Segment Adjusted EBITDA.
(8)Includes costs recognized during the period related to the Line 901 incident that occurred in May 2015, net of amounts we believe are probable of recovery from insurance. See Note 10 for additional information regarding the Line 901 incident.
(9)Includes expenses associated with the Permian JV transaction announced in July 2021. See Note 7 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part IV of our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of the joint venture transaction.
(10)Reflects amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests in the Permian JV and Red River LLC.