7.	Fair Value Measurements

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements, provides the framework for measuring fair value. That framework provides a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under FASB ASC Topic 820 are described as follows:

Level 1:

Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices, unadjusted, for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. A quoted market price in an active market provides the most reliable evidence of fair value and shall be used to measure fair value whenever available.

Level 2:

Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted market prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or inputs that are derived principally from or can be corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3:

Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using discounted cash flow methodologies, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

A description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy, is set forth on the following page. These valuation methodologies were applied to all of the Company’s financial and nonfinancial assets carried at fair value or the lower of cost or fair value. The table below presents the balances of assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. The Company had no liabilities measured at fair value as of March 31, 2014 or December 31, 2013.


	Carrying Value
(In thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
March 31, 2014
*Assets Measured on a Recurring Basis*
Securities available for sale:
Agency mortgage-backed securities	$	0	$	21,817	$	0	$	21,817
Agency CMO		0		19,087		0		19,087
Agency notes and bonds		0		29,502		0		29,502
Municipal obligations		0		36,046		0		36,046
Mutual funds		2,141		0		0		2,141

Total securities available for sale	$	2,141	$	106,452	$	0	$	108,593

*Assets Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis*
Impaired loans:
Residential real estate	$	0	$	0	$	1,568	$	1,568
Land		0		0		118		118
Construction		0		0		0		0
Commercial real estate		0		0		2,596		2,596
Commercial business		0		0		639		639
Home equity and second mortgage		0		0		206		206

Total impaired loans	$	0	$	0	$	5,127	$	5,127

Loans held for sale	$	0	$	511	$	0	$	511
Foreclosed real estate:
Residential real estate	$	0	$	0	$	249	$	249

Total foreclosed real estate	$	0	$	0	$	249	$	249

December 31, 2013
*Assets Measured on a Recurring Basis*
Securities available for sale:
Agency mortgage-backed securities	$	0	$	18,369	$	0	$	18,369
Agency CMO		0		20,241		0		20,241
Agency notes and bonds		0		30,914		0		30,914
Municipal obligations		0		36,040		0		36,040
Mutual funds		3,198		0		0		3,198

Total securities available for sale	$	3,198	$	105,564	$	0	$	108,762

*Assets Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis*
Impaired loans:
Residential real estate	$	0	$	0	$	1,928	$	1,928
Land		0		0		120		120
Construction		0		0		0		0
Commercial real estate		0		0		2,441		2,441
Commercial business		0		0		639		639
Home equity and second mortgage		0		0		263		263

Total impaired loans	$	0	$	0	$	5,391	$	5,391

Loans held for sale	$	0	$	1,611	$	0	$	1,611
Foreclosed real estate:
Residential real estate	$	0	$	0	$	466	$	466

Total foreclosed real estate	$	0	$	0	$	466	$	466

Fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based on internally developed models or obtained from third parties that primarily use, as inputs, observable market-based parameters or a matrix pricing model that employs the Bond Market Association’s standard calculations for cash flow and price/yield analysis and observable market-based parameters. Valuation adjustments may be made to ensure that financial instruments are recorded at fair value, or the lower of cost or fair value. These adjustments may include unobservable parameters. Any such valuation adjustments have been applied consistently over time. The Company’s valuation methodologies may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. While management believes the Company’s valuation methodologies are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.

Securities Available for Sale. Securities classified as available for sale are reported at fair value on a recurring basis. These securities are classified as Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy where quoted market prices from reputable third-party brokers are available in an active market. If quoted market prices are not available, the Company obtains fair value measurements from an independent pricing service. These securities are reported using Level 2 inputs and the fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, U.S. government and agency yield curves, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information, and the security’s terms and conditions, among other factors. Changes in fair value of securities available for sale are recorded in other comprehensive income, net of income tax effect.

Impaired Loans. Impaired loans are reviewed and evaluated on at least a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly. The fair value of impaired loans is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Impaired loans are carried at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of collateral less estimated costs to sell if the loan is collateral dependent. At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, all impaired loans were considered to be collateral dependent for the purpose of determining fair value. Collateral may be real estate and/or business assets, including equipment, inventory and/or accounts receivable. The fair value of the collateral is generally determined based on real estate appraisals or other independent evaluations by qualified professionals, adjusted for estimated costs to sell the property, costs to complete or repair the property and other factors to reflect management’s estimate of the fair value of the collateral given the current market conditions and the condition of the collateral. At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of impaired loans included a discount from appraised value for estimates of changes in market conditions, the condition of the collateral and estimated costs to sell the collateral ranging from 10% to 48%. The Company recognized provisions for loan losses of $13,000 and $45,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, for impaired loans.

Loans Held for Sale. Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or market value. The portfolio is comprised of residential real estate loans and fair value is based on specific prices of underlying contracts for sales to investors. These measurements are classified as Level 2.

Foreclosed Real Estate. Foreclosed real estate is reviewed and evaluated on at least a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly. The fair value of foreclosed real estate is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Foreclosed real estate is reported at fair value less estimated costs to dispose of the property. The fair values are determined by real estate appraisals which are then discounted to reflect management’s estimate of the fair value of the property given current market conditions and the condition of the collateral. At March 31, 2014, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of foreclosed real estate included a discount from appraised value for estimates of changes in market conditions, the condition of the collateral and estimated costs to sell the property ranging from 19% to 38%. At December 31, 2013, the discount from appraised value ranged from 10% to 38%. The Company recognized charges of $32,000 to write down foreclosed real estate to fair value for the three months ended March 31, 2013. There were no charges to write down foreclosed real estate to fair value for the three months ended March 31, 2014.

There have been no changes in the valuation techniques and related inputs used for assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis during the three month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. There were no transfers into or out of the Company’s Level 3 financial assets for the three month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. In addition, there were no transfers into or out of Levels 1 and 2 of the fair value hierarchy during the three month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.

GAAP requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, whether or not recognized in the balance sheet. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. In that regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized in immediate settlement of the instruments. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the Company. The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:


	Carrying		Fair		Fair Vale Measurements Using
(In thousands)	Value		Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
March 31, 2014:
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	18,888	$	18,888	$	18,888	$	0	$	0
Interest-bearing time deposits		4,425		4,425		0		4,425		0
Securities available for sale		108,593		108,593		2,141		106,452		0
Securities held to maturity		8		8		0		8		0
Loans held for sale		511		520		0		520		0
Loans, net		287,224		287,522		0		0		287,522
FHLB stock		2,820		2,820		0		2,820		0
Accrued interest receivable		1,598		1,598		0		1,598		0
Cost method investment
(included in other assets)		540		540		0		540		0
Financial liabilities:
Deposits		383,088		383,019		0		0		383,019
Retail repurchase agreements		8,832		8,832		0		8,832		0
Accrued interest payable		167		167		0		167		0
December 31, 2013:
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	11,136	$	11,136	$	11,136	$	0	$	0
Interest-bearing time deposits		4,425		4,458		0		4,458		0
Securities available for sale		108,762		108,762		3,198		105,564		0
Securities held to maturity		9		9		0		9		0
Loans held for sale		1,611		1,644		0		1,644		0
Loans, net		288,506		287,753		0		0		287,753
FHLB stock		2,820		2,820		0		2,820		0
Accrued interest receivable		1,716		1,716		0		1,716		0
Cost method investment
(included in other assets)		540		540		0		540		0
Financial liabilities:
Deposits		373,830		373,883		0		0		373,883
Retail repurchase agreements		9,310		9,310		0		9,310		0
Advances from FHLB		5,500		5,500		0		5,500		0
Accrued interest payable		192		192		0		192		0

The carrying amounts in the preceding table are included in the consolidated balances sheets under the applicable captions. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument for which it is practicable to estimate that value:

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Interest-Bearing Time Deposits

For cash and short-term investments, including cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits with banks, federal funds sold, and interest-bearing time deposits with other financial institutions, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Investment Securities

For marketable equity securities, the fair values are based on quoted market prices. For debt securities, the Company obtains fair value measurements from an independent pricing service and the fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, U.S. government and agency yield curves, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information, and the security’s terms and conditions, among other factors. For FHLB stock, a restricted equity security, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value because it is not marketable. For other cost method equity investments where a quoted market value is not available, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Loans

The fair value of loans is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities. The carrying amount of accrued interest receivable approximates its fair value. The fair value of loans held for sale is based on specific prices of underlying contracts for sale to investors.

Deposits

The fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts, money market deposit accounts and other transaction accounts is the amount payable on demand at the balance sheet date. The fair value of fixed-maturity certificates of deposit is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities. The carrying amount of accrued interest payable approximates its fair value.

Borrowed Funds

The carrying amounts of retail repurchase agreements approximate their fair value. The fair value of advances from FHLB is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans with the same remaining maturities could be obtained.