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LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT RESERVES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Liability for Future Policy Benefits [Abstract]  
Activity in Liability for Loss and LAE Reserves
Activity in the liability for loss and LAE reserves is summarized as follows:
໿
໿

 
Year Ended December 31,

 
2018
 
2017
 
2016

 
(In thousands)
Gross reserves, beginning-of-period
 
$
230,515

 
$
158,110

 
$
97,706

Less: reinsurance recoverable (1)
 
(98,345
)
 
(40,412
)
 
(7,496
)
Net reserves, beginning-of-period
 
132,170

 
117,698

 
90,210


 
 
 
 
 
 
Incurred loss, net of reinsurance, related to:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current year
 
231,133

 
245,545

 
201,704

Prior year loss development (2)
 
2,166

 
13,926

 
13,156

Ceded losses subject to offsetting experience account adjustments (3)
 
(4,883
)
 
(11,914
)
 
(17,050
)
Prior years
 
(2,717
)
 
2,012

 
(3,894
)
Total incurred loss and LAE, net of reinsurance
 
228,416

 
247,557

 
197,810


 
 
 
 
 
 
Paid loss, net of reinsurance, related to:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current year
 
155,462

 
160,945

 
123,364

Prior years
 
75,290

 
72,140

 
46,958

Total paid loss and LAE, net of reinsurance
 
230,752

 
233,085

 
170,322


 
 
 
 
 
 
Net reserves, end-of-period
 
129,834

 
132,170

 
117,698

Plus: reinsurance recoverable (1)
 
166,396

 
98,345

 
40,412

Gross reserves, end-of-period
 
$
296,230

 
$
230,515

 
$
158,110


Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Claims Development


 
IBNR & Expected
 
Cumulative

 
Homeowners Incurred Losses and ALAE, Net of Reinsurance
 
Development on
 
Number of

 
For the Years Ended December 31,
 
Reported Claims
 
Reported Claims (1)

 
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accident Year
 
2009
 
2010
 
2011
 
2012
 
2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2018
 
2018
2009
 
$
26,228

 
$
25,618

 
$
25,955

 
$
26,482

 
$
27,015

 
$
27,041

 
$
27,119

 
$
27,163

 
$
27,173

 
$
27,159

 
$
141

 
$
2,334

2010
 
 
 
24,825

 
25,056

 
26,151

 
27,895

 
28,968

 
29,407

 
29,945

 
30,459

 
30,602

 
30

 
2,391

2011
 
 
 
 
 
20,492

 
21,344

 
23,007

 
23,932

 
24,582

 
25,957

 
26,143

 
26,394

 
25

 
2,428

2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23,032

 
23,301

 
24,186

 
24,468

 
25,889

 
26,356

 
26,836

 
38

 
2,691

2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
43,807

 
42,021

 
35,834

 
35,859

 
37,185

 
37,880

 
139

 
3,427

2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
64,312

 
63,300

 
61,770

 
62,206

 
61,817

 
636

 
7,621

2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
99,497

 
92,411

 
95,129

 
94,760

 
2,232

 
13,137

2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
171,264

 
162,043

 
158,764

 
11,832

 
23,982

2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
202,844

 
192,769

 
62,363

 
62,200

2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
210,158

 
91,887

 
28,532


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
867,139

 
 
 
 

(1)
The cumulative number of reported claims is measured by individual claimant at a coverage level.



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
Homeowners Cumulative Paid Losses and ALAE, Net of Reinsurance

 
For the Years Ended December 31,

 
(Unaudited)
 
 
Accident Year
 
2009
 
2010
 
2011
 
2012
 
2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
2009
 
$
15,047

 
$
23,095

 
$
24,657

 
$
26,007

 
$
26,462

 
$
26,831

 
$
26,927

 
$
26,982

 
$
27,049

 
$
27,015

2010
 
 
 
14,052

 
21,350

 
24,730

 
26,886

 
27,984

 
29,092

 
29,739

 
30,376

 
30,449

2011
 
 
 
 
 
11,119

 
19,250

 
21,323

 
22,723

 
24,047

 
25,580

 
25,982

 
26,287

2012
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
13,693

 
20,728

 
23,120

 
23,923

 
25,186

 
26,113

 
26,777

2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19,986

 
31,606

 
33,867

 
35,123

 
35,803

 
37,473

2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
37,033

 
53,831

 
57,891

 
59,722

 
60,555

2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
52,214

 
79,359

 
86,647

 
90,415

2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
102,556

 
142,716

 
148,274

2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
135,589

 
176,580

2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
141,173


 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
764,998


 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
All outstanding liabilities for unpaid claims and ALAE prior to 2009, net of reinsurance
 
 
138

Total outstanding liabilities for unpaid claims and ALAE, net of reinsurance
 
 
$
102,279


The following table provides supplementary information about the average annual percentage payout of incurred losses and ALAE, net of reinsurance, for homeowners policies, as of December 31, 2018:


 
Average Annual Payout of Losses and ALAE, Net of Reinsurance

 
(Unaudited)

 
Year 1
 
Year 2
 
Year 3
 
Year 4
 
Year 5
 
Year 6
 
Year 7
 
Year 8
 
Year 9
 
Year 10
Homeowners
 
57.8
%
 
23.5
%
 
5.7
%
 
3.8
%
 
2.5
%
 
3.5
%
 
1.5
%
 
1.1
%
 
0.2
%
 
 %


 
IBNR & Expected
 
Cumulative

 
Commercial General Liability Incurred Losses and ALAE, Net of Reinsurance
 
Development on
 
Number of

 
For the Years Ended December 31,
 
Reported Claims
 
Reported Claims

 
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accident Year
 
2009
 
2010
 
2011
 
2012
 
2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2018
 
2018
2009
 
$
13,297

 
$
12,397

 
$
12,220

 
$
11,943

 
$
9,270

 
$
10,192

 
$
10,466

 
$
11,081

 
$
11,621

 
$
12,872

 
$
5

 
$
988

2010
 
 
 
8,552

 
7,582

 
7,474

 
7,045

 
7,535

 
7,597

 
7,645

 
7,809

 
8,252

 
72

 
691

2011
 
 
 
 
 
6,436

 
5,854

 
4,749

 
4,603

 
4,760

 
5,409

 
6,254

 
6,828

 
63

 
1,058

2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5,279

 
4,952

 
4,801

 
4,700

 
4,658

 
4,346

 
4,509

 
121

 
538

2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7,095

 
5,069

 
5,221

 
5,502

 
5,704

 
5,580

 
219

 
573

2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7,475

 
7,709

 
6,384

 
6,620

 
6,348

 
161

 
673

2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8,082

 
7,008

 
6,020

 
5,377

 
215

 
713

2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10,727

 
5,809

 
6,561

 
402

 
695

2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8,289

 
7,853

 
4,634

 
530

2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6,553

 
5,254

 
313


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
70,733

 
 
 
 

    

 
Commercial General Liability Cumulative Paid Losses and ALAE, Net of Reinsurance

 
For the Years Ended December 31,

 
(Unaudited)
 
 
Accident Year
 
2009
 
2010
 
2011
 
2012
 
2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
2009
 
$
2,253

 
$
4,236

 
$
6,466

 
$
7,384

 
$
8,046

 
$
8,593

 
$
10,130

 
$
10,454

 
$
11,308

 
$
12,377

2010
 
 

 
1,187

 
2,279

 
3,855

 
5,553

 
6,363

 
7,238

 
7,382

 
7,631

 
7,918

2011
 
 

 
 

 
764

 
2,763

 
3,366

 
3,673

 
4,246

 
4,866

 
5,831

 
6,349

2012
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
871

 
1,714

 
2,632

 
3,342

 
3,686

 
3,841

 
4,098

2013
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
882

 
2,233

 
3,366

 
3,867

 
4,606

 
5,033

2014
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
717

 
2,593

 
3,855

 
4,375

 
5,130

2015
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
798

 
2,296

 
3,249

 
3,827

2016
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
1,515

 
3,657

 
5,088

2017
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
1,592

 
2,478

2018
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
963


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
53,261


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
All outstanding liabilities for unpaid claims and ALAE prior to 2009, net of reinsurance
 
 
1,416

Total outstanding liabilities for unpaid claims and ALAE, net of reinsurance
 
 
$
18,888

The following table provides supplementary information about the average annual percentage payout of incurred losses and ALAE, net of reinsurance, for commercial general liability policies, as of December 31, 2018:

 
Average Annual Payout of Losses and ALAE, Net of Reinsurance

 
(Unaudited)

 
Year 1
 
Year 2
 
Year 3
 
Year 4
 
Year 5
 
Year 6
 
Year 7
 
Year 8
 
Year 9
 
Year 10
Commercial general liability
 
14.1
%
 
18.5
%
 
18.5
%
 
9.1
%
 
7.6
%
 
6.0
%
 
7.7
%
 
3.4
%
 
4.7
%
 
9.6
%



 
IBNR & Expected
 
Cumulative

 
Automobile Incurred Losses and ALAE, Net of Reinsurance
 
Development on
 
Number of

 
For the Years Ended December 31,
 
Reported Claims
 
Reported Claims

 
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accident Year
 
2009
 
2010
 
2011
 
2012
 
2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2018
 
2018
2009
 
$
272

 
$
267

 
$
259

 
$
264

 
$
258

 
$
243

 
$
243

 
$
243

 
$
243

 
$
242

 
$

 
$
57

2010
 
 
 
2,823

 
2,963

 
3,111

 
3,088

 
3,044

 
3,035

 
3,059

 
3,041

 
3,042

 

 
969

2011
 
 
 
 
 
3,580

 
3,350

 
2,954

 
2,912

 
2,762

 
2,848

 
2,796

 
2,756

 

 
789

2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,735

 
1,741

 
1,717

 
1,424

 
1,455

 
1,491

 
1,448

 
2

 
822

2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,517

 
1,863

 
1,826

 
1,829

 
2,161

 
2,123

 
9

 
3,468

2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,038

 
3,213

 
3,551

 
4,315

 
4,379

 
14

 
6,006

2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,045

 
2,882

 
2,781

 
2,878

 
62

 
6,498

2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13,414

 
20,205

 
24,346

 
482

 
45,423

2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20,411

 
22,472

 
2,222

 
31,169

2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,513

 
2,230

 
6,241


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
67,199

 
 
 
 
    
    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
Automobile Cumulative Paid Losses and ALAE, Net of Reinsurance

 
For the Years Ended December 31,

 
(Unaudited)
 
 
Accident Year
 
2009
 
2010
 
2011
 
2012
 
2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
2009
 
$
61

 
$
218

 
$
220

 
$
225

 
$
241

 
$
243

 
$
243

 
$
243

 
$
243

 
$
242

2010
 
 

 
1,713

 
2,482

 
2,715

 
2,863

 
2,942

 
2,978

 
2,984

 
3,035

 
3,037

2011
 
 

 
 

 
1,417

 
2,381

 
2,562

 
2,644

 
2,726

 
2,755

 
2,755

 
2,755

2012
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
867

 
1,293

 
1,333

 
1,384

 
1,393

 
1,430

 
1,444

2013
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
907

 
1,609

 
1,906

 
2,069

 
2,109

 
2,112

2014
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
1,455

 
3,120

 
3,678

 
4,122

 
4,291

2015
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,393

 
2,293

 
2,670

 
2,807

2016
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
8,084

 
17,258

 
23,053

2017
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
12,821

 
20,762

2018
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,331


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
62,834


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
All outstanding liabilities for unpaid claims and ALAE prior to 2009, net of reinsurance
 
 
9

Total outstanding liabilities for unpaid claims and ALAE, net of reinsurance
 
 
$
4,374


The following table provides supplementary information about the average annual percentage payout of incurred losses and ALAE, net of reinsurance, for automobile policies, as of December 31, 2018:

 
Average Annual Payout of Losses and ALAE, Net of Reinsurance

 
(Unaudited)

 
Year 1
 
Year 2
 
Year 3
 
Year 4
 
Year 5
 
Year 6
 
Year 7
 
Year 8
 
Year 9
 
Year 10
Automobile
 
41.7
%
 
32.2
%
 
16.4
%
 
5.5
%
 
2.5
%
 
1.0
%
 
0.2
%
 
0.5
%
 
 %
 
%
Reconciliation of Claims Development To Liability
The reconciliation of the net incurred and paid development tables to the liability for unpaid losses and LAE in the consolidated balance sheets is as follows:

 
December 31,
 
 
2018
 
2017

 
(In thousands)
Liabilities for unpaid losses and ALAE:
 
 
 
 
Homeowners
 
$
102,279

 
$
99,650

Commercial general liability
 
18,888

 
17,111

Automobile
 
4,374

 
11,030

Flood
 

 

Total liabilities for unpaid losses and ALAE, net of reinsurance
 
125,541

 
127,791

 
 
 
 
 
Reinsurance recoverables:
 
 
 
 
Homeowners
 
158,043

 
81,852

Commercial general liability
 

 

Automobile
 
8,275

 
15,360

Flood
 
78

 
1,133

Total reinsurance recoverables
 
166,396

 
98,345

 
 
 
 
 
Unallocated loss adjustment expenses
 
4,293

 
4,379

Gross liability for unpaid losses and LAE
 
$
296,230

 
$
230,515