Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Accounting

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiary, Trex Commercial Products, Inc. (Trex Commercial Products), from date of acquisition of July 31, 2017. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less.

Concentrations and Credit Risk

The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable. The Company from time to time may have bank deposits in excess of insurance limits of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. As of December 31, 2019, substantially all deposits are maintained in one financial institution. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk related to its cash and cash equivalents.

The Company routinely assesses the financial strength of its customers and believes that its trade receivables credit risk exposure is limited. Trade receivables are recognized at the amount of revenue recognized on each shipment for Trex Residential products and for satisfied performance obligations for Trex Commercial

products as the Company has an unconditional right to consideration from the customer and payment is due based solely on the passage of time. A valuation allowance is provided for known and anticipated credit losses and disputed amounts, as determined by management in the course of regularly evaluating individual customer receivables. This evaluation takes into consideration a customer’s financial condition and credit history, as well as current economic conditions. There was no material valuation allowance recorded as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

In the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, sales to certain customers of Trex Residential accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s total net sales. For the year ended December 31, 2019, three customers of Trex Residential represented approximately 57% of the Company’s total net sales. For the year ended December 31, 2018, two customers of Trex Residential represented approximately 42% of the Company’s total net sales. For the year ended December 31, 2017, two customers of Trex Residential represented approximately 41% of the Company’s total net sales. At December 31, 2019, three customers of Trex Residential represented 30%, 24% and 10%, respectively, of the Company’s total accounts receivable balance.

For each year ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, approximately 27%, 33% and 33%, respectively, of the Company’s materials purchases at Trex Residential were purchased from its four largest suppliers.

Inventories

Inventories for the Company’s composite decking and railing products are stated at the lower of cost (last-in, first-out, or LIFO, method) and market. The Company periodically reviews its inventory for slow moving or obsolete items and writes down the related products to estimated realizable value. The Company’s reserves for estimated slow moving products or obsolescence are not material. At December 31, 2019, the excess of the replacement cost of inventory over the LIFO value of inventory was approximately $19.1 million. Due to the nature of the LIFO valuation methodology, liquidations of inventories will result in a portion of the Company’s cost of sales being based on historical rather than current year costs.

A majority of the Company’s products at Trex Residential are made in a proprietary process that combines reclaimed wood fibers and scrap polyethylene. The Company grinds up scrap materials generated from its manufacturing process and inventories deemed no longer salable and reintroduces the reclaimed material into the manufacturing process as a substitute for raw materials. The reclaimed material is valued at the costs of the raw material components of the material.

Inventories for the Company’s railing and staging products at Trex Commercial for the commercial and multi-family market are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out or FIFO method), using actual cost, and net realizable value. Work-in process includes estimated production costs.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost. The costs of additions and improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Unpaid liabilities related to property, plant and equipment are included in accounts payable and were $0.8 million at December 31, 2019. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives:

Buildings	40 years
Machinery and equipment	3-11 years
Furniture and equipment	10 years
Forklifts and tractors	5 years
Computer equipment and software	5 years

Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset.

The Company reviews its long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. To determine the recoverability of its long-lived assets, the Company evaluates the probability that future estimated undiscounted net cash flows will be less than the carrying amount of the long-lived assets. If the estimated cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the long-lived assets, the assets are written down to their fair value. The Company’s estimates of anticipated cash flows and the remaining estimated useful lives of long-lived assets could be reduced in the future. As a result, the carrying amount of long-lived assets could be reduced in the future. Long-lived assets held for sale are stated at the lower of cost or fair value less cost to sell.

Fair Value Measurement

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are measured at the amount that would be received for selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date and classified into one of the following fair value hierarchy:

• Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

• Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets.

• Level 3 – Valuations derived from management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of cost over net assets acquired resulting from the Company’s 1996 purchase of the Mobil Composite Products Division, the 2011 purchase of the assets of the Iron Deck Corporation, and the 2017 purchase of certain assets and the assumption of certain liabilities of SC Company. The Company evaluates the recoverability of goodwill in accordance with Accounting Standard Codification Topic 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other,” annually or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change in the interim that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the asset below its carrying amount. Goodwill is considered to be impaired when the net book value of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value.

The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting units is less than the carrying amount to determine if it should proceed with the evaluation of goodwill for impairment. The Company identified its reporting units based on the way it manages its operating segments. Each reporting unit constitutes a business with discrete financial information and operating segment management, at a level below the Company’s chief operating decision maker, regularly reviews the operating results of the reporting unit. The Company assigned goodwill to the reporting units based on the excess of the fair values acquired over the fair value of the sum of the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed that were assigned to the reporting units. If the Company proceeds with the two-step impairment test, the Company first compares the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the goodwill of that reporting unit is potentially impaired and step two of the impairment analysis is performed. In step two of the analysis, an impairment loss is recorded equal to the excess of the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill over its implied fair value should such a circumstance arise.

The Company measures fair value of the reporting units based on a present value of future discounted cash flows and a market valuation approach. The discounted cash flows model indicates the fair value of the reporting unit based on the present value of the cash flows that the reporting unit is expected to generate in the future. Significant estimates in the discounted cash flows model include: the weighted average cost of capital; long-term rate of growth and profitability of the business; and working capital effects. The market valuation approach

indicates the fair value of the business based on a comparison of the Company against certain market information. Significant estimates in the market approach model include identifying appropriate market multiples and assessing earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) in estimating the fair value of the reporting unit.

For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the Company completed its annual impairment test of goodwill utilizing the qualitative assessment and concluded it was not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting units was less than the carrying amounts. The Company performs the annual impairment testing of its goodwill as of October 31 of each year. However, actual results could differ from the Company’s estimates and projections, which would affect the assessment of impairment. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had goodwill of $68.5 million that is reviewed annually for impairment.

Product Warranty

The Company warrants that its Trex Residential decking products will be free from material defects in workmanship and materials. This warranty generally extends for a period of 25 years for residential use and 10 years for commercial use. With respect to Trex Signature® Railing, the warranty period is 25 years for both residential and commercial use. With respect to the Company’s Transcend®, Enhance®, Select® and Universal Fascia product, the Company further warrants that the product will not fade in color more than a certain amount and will be resistant to permanent staining from food substances or mold, provided the stain is cleaned within seven days of appearance. This warranty extends for a period of 25 years for residential use and 10 years for commercial use. If there is a breach of such warranties, the Company has an obligation either to replace the defective product or refund the purchase price. Depending on the product and its use, the Company also warrants its Trex Commercial products will be free of manufacturing defects for one to three years. The Company establishes warranty reserves to provide for estimated future expenses as a result of product defects that result in claims. Reserve estimates are based on management’s judgment, considering such factors as cost per claim, historical experience, anticipated rates of claims, and other available information. Management reviews and adjusts these estimates, if necessary, based on the differences between actual experience and historical estimates.

Treasury Stock

The Company records the repurchase of shares of its common stock at cost. These shares are considered treasury stock, which is a reduction to stockholders’ equity. Treasury stock is included in authorized and issued shares but excluded from outstanding shares.

Revenue Recognition

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company retrospectively adopted the requirements of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (Topic 606). The Company determined the appropriate revenue recognition for its contracts with customers by analyzing the type, terms and conditions of the contracts with customers. Topic 606 provides a single, comprehensive model for revenue recognition arising from contracts with customers. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer and is the unit of account in Topic 606. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and revenue is recognized when or as the Company satisfies the performance obligation. Revenue is recognized at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring control of the goods or services to a customer. Adoption of Topic 606 did not have an impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations. The following provides additional information about the Company’s contracts with customers.

Trex Residential Products

Trex Residential principally generates revenue from the manufacture and sale of its high-performance, low-maintenance, eco-friendly composite decking and railing products and accessories. Substantially all of its

revenues are from contracts with customers, which are individual customer purchase orders of short-term duration of less than one year. Trex Residential satisfies its performance obligations at a point in time. The shipment of each product is a separate performance obligation as the customer is able to derive benefit from each product shipped and no performance obligation remains after shipment. Upon shipment of the product, the customer obtains control over the distinct product and Trex Residential satisfies its performance obligation. Any performance obligation that remains unsatisfied at the end of a reporting period is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less. Any variable consideration related to the unsatisfied performance obligation is allocated wholly to the unsatisfied performance obligation and recognized when the product ships and the performance obligation is satisfied.

Trex Commercial Products

Trex Commercial generates revenue from the manufacture and sale of its modular and architectural railing and staging systems. All of its revenues are from fixed-price contracts with customers. Trex Commercial contracts have a single performance obligation as the promise to transfer the individual goods or services is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contract and is, therefore, not distinct.

Trex Commercial satisfies its performance obligation over time as work progresses because control is transferred continuously to its customers. Revenue and estimated profit is recognized over time based on the proportion of actual costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion to measure progress toward satisfying the performance obligation. Incurred costs represent work performed, which corresponds with, and thereby best depicts, the transfer of control to the customer. Incurred costs include all direct material, labor, subcontract and certain indirect costs. The Company reviews and updates its estimates regularly and recognizes adjustments in estimated profit on contracts under the cumulative catch-up method. Under this method, the impact of the adjustment on revenue and estimated profit to date on a contract is recognized in the period the adjustment is identified. Revenues and profits in future periods are recognized using the adjusted estimate. If at any time the estimate of contract profitability indicates an anticipated loss on the contract, the Company recognizes the total loss in the period it is identified. During the year ended December 31, 2019, no adjustment to any one contract was material to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and no material impairment loss on any contract was recorded.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company measures stock-based compensation at the grant date of the award based on the fair value. For stock options, stock appreciation rights and time-based restricted stock and time-based restricted stock units, stock-based compensation is recognized on a straight line basis over the vesting periods of the award. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur. For performance-based restricted stock and performance-based restricted stock units, expense is recognized ratably over the performance and vesting period of each tranche based on management’s judgment of the ultimate award that is probable to be paid out based on the achievement of predetermined performance measures. Stock-based compensation expense is included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

Income Taxes

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the difference between the financial statement basis and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted rates expected to be in effect during the year in which the differences reverse. The Company assesses the likelihood that its deferred tax assets will be realized. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, after considering all available positive and negative evidence, it is determined that it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The tax legislation H.R.1, “An Act to Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Titles II and V of the Concurrent Resolution on the Budget for Fiscal Year 2018,” known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Act), was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Act reduces the corporate tax rate to 21 percent, effective

January 1, 2018. Accordingly, we recognized the tax effects of the Act in our financial statements and related notes as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017. Accordingly, the Company recognized the tax effects of the Act in its financial statements and related notes. As of December 31, 2019, the Company has a valuation allowance of $3.0 million against these deferred tax assets. The Company analyzes its position in subsequent reporting periods, considering all available positive and negative evidence, in determining the expected realization of its deferred tax assets.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, research and development costs were $4.5 million, $4.2 million, and $3.8 million, respectively, and have been included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

Advertising Costs

The Company expenses its branding and advertising communication costs as incurred. Production costs are deferred and recognized as expense in the period that the related advertisement is first used. At December 31, 2019 $0.5 million was included in prepaid expenses for production costs. At December 31, 2018 there were no production costs included in prepaid expenses.

For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, branding expenses, including advertising expenses as described above, were $35.7 million, $35.0 million, and $31.0 million, respectively.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company considers the recorded value of its financial assets and liabilities, consisting primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and debt to approximate the fair value of the respective assets and liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, “Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718).” The ASU expands the scope of Topic 718, which currently only includes share-based payments issued to employees, to also include share-based payments issued to nonemployees for goods or services. The ASU supersedes Subtopic 505-50, “Equity—Equity-Based Payment to Non-Employees.” Consequently, the accounting for share-based payments to nonemployees and employees will be substantially aligned. The ASU was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. The Company adopted the guidance on January 1, 2019. Adoption did not have an impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),” and issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance in January 2018 within ASU No. 2018-01, in July 2018 within ASU Nos. 2018-10 and 2018-11, in December 2018 within ASU No. 2018-20, and in March 2019 within ASU No. 2019-01 (collectively, the standard). The standard requires lessees to recognize operating leases on the balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and a lease liability. The liability is equal to the present value of the lease payments over the remaining lease term. The asset is based on the liability, subject to certain adjustments. Operating leases result in straight-line expense. The Company adopted the standard on January 1, 2019, and elected the modified retrospective method of adoption that allowed the Company to apply the standard as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The Company opted to elect the package of practical expedients to not reassess prior conclusions related to contracts containing leases, lease classification and initial direct costs, and certain other

practical expedients, including the use of hindsight to determine the lease term for existing leases and in assessing impairment of the right-of-use asset, and the exception for short-term leases. For its current classes of underlying assets, the Company did not elect the practical expedient under which the lease components would not be separated from the nonlease components. Nonlease components include certain maintenance services provided by the lessor and the related consideration is specified on a stand-alone basis in the applicable lease agreements. Adoption of the standard had a significant impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet due to the recognition of a right-of-use asset and lease liability (current and non-current) of $45.8 million and $47.2 million, respectively, upon adoption. As the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate that can be readily determined, the Company used its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the implementation date in determining the present value of lease payments.

New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract (a consensus of FASB Emerging Issues Task Force)”. The new guidance aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs in a cloud computing arrangement service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred for an internal-use software license. Under that model, implementation costs are capitalized or expensed depending on the nature of the costs and the project stage during which they are incurred. Capitalized implementation costs are amortized over the term of the associated hosted cloud computing arrangement service contract on a straight-line basis, unless another systematic and rational basis is more representative of the pattern in which the entity expects to benefit from its right to access the hosted software. Capitalized implementation costs would then be assessed for impairment in a manner similar to long-lived assets. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. Entities can choose to adopt the new guidance either prospectively to eligible costs incurred on or after the date the guidance is first applied or retrospectively. The Company will adopt the guidance on January 1, 2020, and has determined that adoption will not have a material impact on its financial condition or results of operations.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment”. The guidance removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test and eliminates the need to determine the fair value of individual assets and liabilities to measure goodwill impairment. A goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. Entities will continue to have the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if a quantitative impairment test is necessary. The guidance will be applied prospectively, and is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for any impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The Company will adopt the guidance on January 1, 2020. The Company believes adoption will have no material impact on its financial condition or results of operations.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses in Financial Instruments,” and issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance in November 2018 within ASU No. 2018-09, April 2019 within ASU No. 2019-04, and May 2019 within ASU No. 2019-05. The ASU amends the guidance on the impairment of financial instruments and adds an impairment model, known as the current expected credit loss (CECL) model. The CECL model requires an entity to recognize its current estimate of all expected credit losses, rather than incurred losses, and applies to trade receivables and other receivables. The CECL model is designed to capture expected credit losses through the establishment of an allowance account, which will be presented as an offset to the amortized cost basis of the related financial asset. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is applied using the modified-retrospective approach. The Company will adopt the guidance on January 1, 2020. The Company has determined that adoption will not have a material impact on its financial condition or results of operations.