10-K

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K

(Mark One)
☒	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2021

	OR
☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number 000-26591

RGC Resources, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Virginia	54-1909697
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
519 Kimball Ave., N.E., Roanoke, VA	24016
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

(540) 777-4427

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, $5 Par Value	RGCO	NASDAQ Global Market
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ☐  No  ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ☐  No  ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  ☐   No  ☒

The aggregate market value of the common equity held by non-affiliates of RGC Resources, Inc. as of March 31, 2021, the last business day of the its most recently completed second fiscal quarter, based on the last sale price on that date, as reported by NASDAQ, was approximately $171,488,915.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the last practicable date.

Class	Outstanding at November 30, 2021
Common Stock, $5 Par Value	8,386,188

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:

Portions of the RGC Resources, Inc. Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III hereof.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

			Page Number
		Glossary	2
		Cautionary Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements	5
PART I
	Item 1.	Business	6
	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	9
	Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	15
	Item 2.	Properties	15
	Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	15
	Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	15
PART II
	Item 5.	Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	16
	Item 6.	Selected Financial Data	16
	Item 7.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	17
	Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	32
	Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	32
	Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures	75
	Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	75
	Item 9B.	Other Information	76
PART III
	Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	77
	Item 11.	Executive Compensation	77
	Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	77
	Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	77
	Item 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services	77
PART IV
	Item 15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	78
	Item 16.	Form 10-K Summary	84
	Signatures		85

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

AFUDC	Allowance for Funds Used During Construction
AOCI/AOCL	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
ARO	Asset Retirement Obligation
ARP	Alternative Revenue Program, regulatory or rate recovery mechanisms approved by the SCC that allow for the adjustment of revenues for certain broad, external factors, or for additional billings if the entity achieves certain performance targets
ARPA	American Rescue Plan Act of 2021
ASC	Accounting Standards Codification
ASU	Accounting Standards Update as issued by the FASB
ATM	At-the-market program whereby a Company can incrementally offer common stock through a broker at prevailing market prices and on an as-needed basis
CARES Act	Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act
Company	RGC Resources, Inc. or Roanoke Gas Company
COVID-19 or Coronavirus	A pandemic disease that causes respiratory illness similar to the flu with symptoms such as coughing, fever, and in more severe cases, difficulty in breathing
CPCN	Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity
Diversified Energy	Diversified Energy Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Resources
DRIP	Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan of RGC Resources, Inc.
DTH	Decatherm (a measure of energy used primarily to measure natural gas)
EPS	Earnings Per Share
ERISA	Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974
ESAC	Eligible Safety Activity Costs, a Virginia natural gas utility’s operation and maintenance expenditures that are related to the development, implementation, or execution of the utility’s integrity management plan or programs and measures implemented to comply with regulations issued by the SCC or a federal regulatory body with jurisdiction over pipeline safety
FASB	Financial Accounting Standards Board
FDIC	Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
FERC	Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
Fourth Circuit	U.S. Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals
GAAP	Accounting Principles Generally Accepted in the United States
HDD	Heating degree day, a measurement designed to quantify the demand for energy. It is the number of degrees that a day’s average temperature falls below 65 degrees Fahrenheit

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ICC	Inventory carrying cost revenue, an SCC approved rate structure that mitigates the impact of financing costs on natural gas inventory
IRS	Internal Revenue Service
KEYSOP	RGC Resources, Inc. Key Employee Stock Option Plan
LDI	Liability Driven Investment approach, a strategy which reduces the volatility in the pension plan's funded status and expense by matching the duration of the fixed income investments with the duration of the corresponding pension liabilities
LIBOR	London Inter-Bank Offered Rate
LLC	Mountain Valley Pipeline, L.L.C., a joint venture established to design, construct and operate the Mountain Valley Pipeline and MVP Southgate
LNG	Liquefied natural gas, the cryogenic liquid form of natural gas. Roanoke Gas operates and maintains a plant capable of producing and storing up to 200,000 dth of liquefied natural gas
MGP	Manufactured gas plant
Midstream	RGC Midstream, L.L.C., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Resources created to invest in pipeline projects including MVP and Southgate
MVP	Mountain Valley Pipeline, a FERC-regulated natural gas pipeline project intended to connect the Equitran's gathering and transmission system in northern West Virginia to the Transco interstate pipeline in south central Virginia with a planned interconnect to Roanoke Gas’ natural gas distribution system
NQDC Plan	RGC Resources, Inc. Non-qualified Deferred Compensation Plan
Normal Weather	The average number of heating degree days based on the most recent 30-year period
PBGC	Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation
Pension Plan	Defined benefit plan that provides pension benefits to employees hired prior to January 1, 2017 who meet certain years of service criteria
PGA	Purchased Gas Adjustment, a regulatory mechanism, which adjusts natural gas customer rates to reflect changes in the forecasted cost of gas and actual gas costs
Postretirement Plan	Defined benefit plan that provides postretirement medical and life insurance benefits to eligible employees hired prior to January 1, 2000 who meet years of service and other criteria
Resources	RGC Resources, Inc., parent company of Roanoke Gas, Midstream and Diversified Energy
RGCO	Trading symbol for RGC Resources, Inc. on the NASDAQ Global Stock Market
Roanoke Gas	Roanoke Gas Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Resources
RSPD	RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors
RSPO	RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan for Officers
SAVE	Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy, a regulatory mechanism per Chapter 26 of Title 56 of the Code of Virginia that allows natural gas utilities to recover the investment, including related depreciation and expenses and provide return on rate base, in eligible infrastructure replacement projects on a prospective basis without the filing of a formal base rate application

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SAVE Plan	Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy Plan, the Company's proposed and approved operational replacement plan and related spending under the SAVE regulatory mechanism
SAVE Rider	Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy Plan Rider, the rate component of the SAVE Plan as approved by the SCC that is billed monthly to the Company’s customers to recover the costs associated with eligible infrastructure projects including the related depreciation and expenses and return on rate base of the investment
SCC	Virginia State Corporation Commission, the regulatory body with oversight responsibilities of the utility operations of Roanoke Gas
SEC	U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
SOFR	Secured Overnight Financing Rate
Southgate	Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC’s Southgate project, which extends from the MVP in south central Virginia to central North Carolina, of which Midstream holds less than a 1% investment
S&P 500 Index	Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index
TCJA	Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017
WNA	Weather Normalization Adjustment, an ARP mechanism which adjusts revenues for the effects of weather temperature variations as compared to the 30-year average
Some of the terms above may not be included in this filing

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements that relate to future transactions, events or expectations. In addition, Resources may announce or publish forward-looking statements relating to such matters as anticipated financial performance, business prospects, technological developments, new products, research and development activities and similar matters. These statements are based on management’s current expectations and information available at the time of such statements and are believed to be reasonable and are made in good faith. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements. In order to comply with the terms of the safe harbor, the Company notes that a variety of factors could cause the Company’s actual results and experience to differ materially from the anticipated results or expectations expressed in the Company’s forward-looking statements. The risks and uncertainties that may affect the operations, performance, development and results of the Company’s business include, but are not limited to those set forth in the following discussion and within Item 1A “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. All of these factors are difficult to predict and many are beyond the Company’s control. Accordingly, while the Company believes its forward-looking statements to be reasonable, there can be no assurance that they will approximate actual experience or that the expectations derived from them will be realized. When used in the Company’s documents or news releases, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” “objective,” “projection,” “forecast,” “budget,” “assume,” “indicate” or similar words or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “can,” “could” or “may” are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements reflect the Company’s current expectations only as of the date they are made. The Company assumes no duty to update these statements should expectations change or actual results differ from current expectations except as required by applicable laws and regulations.

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PART I

Item 1.    Business.

General and Historical Development

Resources was incorporated in the Commonwealth of Virginia on July 31, 1998 and, effective July 1, 1999, its subsidiaries were reorganized into the Resources holding company structure. Resources is currently composed of the following subsidiaries: Roanoke Gas, Midstream and Diversified Energy.

Roanoke Gas, originally established in 1883, was organized as a public service corporation under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1912. The principal service of Roanoke Gas is the distribution and sale of natural gas to residential, commercial and industrial customers within its service territory in Roanoke, Virginia and the surrounding localities. Roanoke Gas also provides certain non-regulated services which account for less than 2% of consolidated revenues.

In July 2015, the Company formed Midstream for the purpose of becoming a 1% investor in Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC. The LLC was created to construct and operate interstate natural gas pipelines. Additional information regarding this investment is provided under Note 5 of the Company's annual consolidated financial statements and under the Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline section of Item 7.

Diversified Energy is currently inactive.

Services

Roanoke Gas maintains an integrated natural gas distribution system to deliver natural gas purchased from suppliers to residential, commercial and industrial users in its service territory. The schedule below is a summary of customers, delivered volumes (expressed in DTHs), revenues and margin as a percentage of the total for each category. For the purposes of this schedule, margin for the utility operations is defined as revenues less cost of gas. 

	2021
	Customers			Volume			Revenue			Margin
Residential		91.3	%		37	%		58	%		63	%
Commercial		8.6	%		31	%		34	%		25	%
Industrial		0.1	%		32	%		7	%		11	%
Other Utility		0.0	%		0	%		1	%		1	%
Other Non-Utility		0.0	%		0	%		0	%		0	%
Total Percent		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%
Total Value		62,623			9,909,529		$	75,174,779		$	39,969,380

	2020
	Customers			Volume			Revenue			Margin
Residential		91.3	%		35	%		60	%		63	%
Commercial		8.6	%		27	%		30	%		23	%
Industrial		0.1	%		38	%		8	%		12	%
Other Utility		0.0	%		0	%		1	%		1	%
Other Non-Utility		0.0	%		0	%		1	%		1	%
Total Percent		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%
Total Value		61,964			10,357,174		$	63,075,391		$	38,783,925

Roanoke Gas’ regulated natural gas distribution business accounted for more than 98% of Resources total revenues for fiscal years ending September 30, 2021 and 2020. The tables above indicate that residential customers represent over 91% of the Company’s customer total; however, they represent less than 40% of the total gas volumes delivered and more than half of the Company’s consolidated revenues and margin. Industrial customers include primarily transportation customers that purchase their natural gas requirements directly from a supplier other than the Company and utilize Roanoke Gas’ natural gas distribution system for delivery to their operations. Most of the revenue billed for these customers relates only to transportation service, and not to the purchase of natural gas, causing total revenues generated by these deliveries to be less than 10%, although they represent more than 30% of total natural gas volumes and between 11% and 12% of margin for the years presented.

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The Company’s revenues are affected by changes in gas costs, changes in consumption volume due to weather and economic conditions and changes in the non-gas portion of customer billing rates. Increases or decreases in the cost of natural gas are passed on to customers through the PGA mechanism as explained in Note 1 of the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements.

The Company’s residential and commercial sales are seasonal and temperature-sensitive as the majority of the gas sold by Roanoke Gas to these customers is used for heating. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2021, approximately 63% of the Company’s total DTH of natural gas deliveries and 73% of the residential and commercial deliveries were made in the five-month period of November through March.

Roanoke Gas relies on multiple interstate pipelines including those operated by Columbia Gas Transmission Corporation, LLC and Columbia Gulf Transmission Corporation, LLC (together “Columbia”), and East Tennessee Natural Gas, LLC (“East Tennessee”), Tennessee Gas Pipeline, Midwestern Gas Transmission Company and Saltville Gas Storage Company, LLC ("Saltville"), to transport natural gas from the production and storage fields to Roanoke Gas’ distribution system. Roanoke Gas is directly served by two pipelines, Columbia and East Tennessee. Columbia historically has delivered more than 65% of the Company’s required gas supply, with East Tennessee delivering the balance. The rates paid for interstate natural gas transportation and storage services are established by tariffs approved by FERC. The current pipeline contracts expire at various times from 2022 to 2027. The Company anticipates being able to renew these contracts or enter into other contracts to meet customers’ existing demand for natural gas.

The Company manages its pipeline contracts and LNG facility in order to provide for sufficient capacity to meet the current natural gas demands of its customers. The maximum daily winter capacity available for delivery into Roanoke Gas’ distribution system from the current interstate pipelines is 78,606 DTH per day. The LNG facility is capable of storing up to 200,000 DTH of natural gas in a liquid state for use during peak demand. Combined, the pipelines and LNG facility may provide up to 103,606 DTH on a single winter day.

The Company currently contracts with Sequent Energy Management, L.P. to manage its pipeline transportation, storage rights, gas supply inventories and deliveries and serve as the primary supplier of natural gas for Roanoke Gas. Natural gas purchased under the asset management agreement is priced at indexed-based market prices as reported in major industry pricing publications. The current Sequent contract was extended to March 31, 2023.

The Company uses summer storage programs to supplement heating season gas supply requirements. The Company has contracted for 2.4 million DTH of storage capacity from Columbia, Tennessee Gas Pipeline and Saltville in addition to the capacity available at the Company's LNG facility. The balance of the Company’s annual natural gas requirements are met primarily through market purchases made by its asset manager.

Competition

The Company’s natural gas utility operates in a regulated, monopolistic environment. Roanoke Gas currently holds the only franchises and/or CPCNs to distribute natural gas in its Virginia service areas. These franchises generally extend for multi-year periods and are renewable by the municipalities, including exclusive franchises in the cities of Roanoke and Salem and the Town of Vinton, Virginia. All three franchise agreements were renewed for a 20-year term, set to expire December 31, 2035. In 2019, the SCC issued a final order granting a CPCN to furnish gas to all of Franklin County. Unlike the CPCNs for the other counties served by Roanoke Gas, the Franklin County CPCN will terminate within five years of the date of the order if Roanoke Gas does not furnish gas service to the designated service area. Roanoke Gas plans to serve the Franklin County area with natural gas delivered through the MVP, once MVP is placed into service.

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Management anticipates that the Company will be able to renew all of its franchises prior to their current expiration date; however, there can be no assurance that a given jurisdiction will not refuse to renew a franchise or will not, in connection with the renewal of a franchise, attempt to impose restrictions or conditions that could adversely affect the Company’s business operations or financial condition. CPCNs, issued by the SCC, are generally of perpetual duration and subject to compliance with regulatory standards.

Although Roanoke Gas has exclusive rights for the distribution of natural gas in its service area, the Company competes with suppliers of other forms of energy such as fuel oil, electricity, propane, coal, wind and solar. Competition can be intense among the other energy sources with price being the primary consideration. This is particularly true for those industrial applications that have the ability to switch to alternative fuels. The relationship between supply and demand has the greatest impact on the price of natural gas. Greater demand for natural gas for electric generation and other uses can provide upward pressure on the price of natural gas. Currently, increased demand and lower storage levels are placing upward pressure on the price of natural gas.

Competition from renewable energy sources such as solar and wind is likely to increase as the political environment currently favors these energy sources through incentives or by placing restrictions on emissions from the burning of fossil fuels. Nevertheless, the Company continues to see a demand for natural gas. Growth in residential and commercial service has been strong as the Company continues to grow its customer base through a combination of extending distribution service and converting other energy users to natural gas.

Regulation

In addition to the regulatory requirements generally applicable to all companies, Roanoke Gas is also subject to additional regulation at the federal, state and local levels. At the federal level, the Company is subject to pipeline safety regulations issued by the Department of Transportation's Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration.

At the state level, the SCC performs regulatory oversight including the approval of rates and other charges for natural gas sold to customers, the approval of agreements between or among affiliated companies involving the provision of goods and services, pipeline safety and certain other corporate activities of the Company, including mergers and acquisitions related to utility operations.

At the local level, Roanoke Gas is further regulated by the municipalities and localities that grant franchises for the placement of gas distribution pipelines and the operation of gas distribution networks within their jurisdictions.

Human Capital Resources

At September 30, 2021, Resources had 99 full-time employees, of which 17 employees, or 17%, belonged to the United Steel, Paper and Forestry, Rubber, Manufacturing, Energy, Allied-Industrial International Union, Local No. 515 and were represented under a collective bargaining agreement. The union has been in place at the Company since 1952. The current collective bargaining agreement became effective August 1, 2020 and expires July 31, 2022. Management maintains an amicable relationship with the union.

The Company’s business strategy and ability to serve customers relies on employing talented professionals and attracting, training, developing and retaining a skilled workforce. This is particularly relevant as the Company is facing retirements of key personnel over the next several years.

With respect to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company continues to evaluate and implement its pandemic plan to ensure the continuation of safe and reliable service to customers and to maintain the safety of the Company's employees.

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Website Access to Reports

The Company’s website address is www.rgcresources.com. Information appearing on this website is not incorporated by reference in and is not a part of this annual report. The Company files reports with the SEC. A copy of this annual report, as well as other recent annual and quarterly reports are available on the Company's website. You may read and copy these filings with the SEC at the SEC public reference room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Due to COVID-19, the SEC public reference room is closed until further notice. Questions about information available from the public reference room should be directed to SEC staff at library@sec.gov or by calling 1-202-551-5450. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding the Company’s filings at www.sec.gov.                    

Item 1A.    Risk Factors

Please carefully consider the risks described below regarding the Company. These risks are not the only ones faced by the Company. Additional risks not presently known to the Company or that the Company currently believes are immaterial may also impair business operations and financial results. If any of the following risks actually occur, the Company’s business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected. In such case, the trading price of the Company’s common stock could decline and investors could lose all or part of their investment. The risk factors below are categorized by operational, regulatory, financial and general:

OPERATIONAL RISKS

            Availability of sufficient and reliable pipeline capacity.

The Company is currently served directly by two interstate pipelines. These two pipelines carry 100% of the natural gas transported to the Company’s distribution system. Depending on weather conditions and the level of customer demand, failure of one or both of these interstate transmission pipelines could have a major impact on the Company’s ability to meet customer demand for natural gas and adversely affect the Company’s earnings as a result of lost revenue and the cost of service restoration. Frequent or prolonged failure could lead customers to switch to alternative energy sources. Capacity limitations on existing pipeline and storage infrastructure could impact the Company’s ability to obtain additional natural gas supplies, thereby limiting its ability to add new customers or meet increased customer demand and thereby limiting future earnings potential.

Risks associated with the operation of a natural gas distribution pipeline and LNG storage facility.

Numerous potential risks are inherent in the operation of a natural gas distribution system and LNG storage facility, including unanticipated or unforeseen events that are beyond the control of the Company. Examples of such events include adverse weather conditions, acts of terrorism or sabotage, accidents and damage caused by third parties, equipment failure, failure of upstream pipelines and storage facilities, as well as catastrophic events such as explosions, fires, earthquakes, floods, or other similar events.  These risks could result in injury or loss of life, property damage, pollution and customer service disruption resulting in potentially significant financial losses. The Company maintains insurance coverage to protect against many of these risks. However, if losses result from an event that is not fully covered by insurance, the Company’s financial condition could be significantly impacted if it were unable to recover such losses from customers through the regulatory rate making process. Even if the Company did not incur a direct financial loss as a result of any of the events noted above, it could encounter significant reputational damage from a reliability, safety, integrity or similar viewpoint, potentially resulting in a longer-term negative earnings impact or decline in share price.

Security incident or cyber-attacks on the Company’s computer or information technology systems.

The Company’s business operations and information technology systems may be vulnerable to an attack by individuals or organizations intending to disrupt the operations of the Company. Such an attack or cyber-security incident on the Company’s information technology systems could result in corruption of the Company’s financial information; disruption of services to our customers; the unauthorized release of confidential customer, employee or vendor information; the interruption of natural gas deliveries to our customers; or compromise the safety of our distribution, transmission and storage systems. The Company has implemented policies, procedures and controls to prevent and detect these activities; however, there are no guarantees that Company processes will adequately protect against unauthorized access. In the event of a successful attack, the Company could be exposed to material financial and reputational risks, possible disruptions in natural gas deliveries or a compromise of the safety of the natural gas distribution system, as well as be exposed to claims by persons harmed by such an attack, all of which could materially increase the Company's costs to protect against such risks. Resources maintains cyber-insurance coverage, which does not protect the Company from cyber incidents but does provide some level of protection to mitigate the financial impacts resulting from such attacks.

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Supply disruptions due to weather or other forces.

Hurricanes, floods, fires and other natural or man-made disasters could damage or inhibit production and/or pipeline transportation facilities, which could result in decreased natural gas supplies. Decreased supplies could result in an inability to meet customer demand, service new franchise areas or lead to higher prices and/or service disruptions. Disasters could increase costs to repair damaged facilities and result in delays to restore service to interrupted customers as well as lead to additional governmental regulations that may limit production activity and/or increase production and transportation costs.

Volatility in the price and availability of natural gas.

Natural gas purchases represent the single largest expense of the Company.  Increasing demand from other areas, including electricity generation, combined with lower storage balances and production levels, are placing upward pressure on natural gas commodity prices.  If these factors continue for an extended period of time, higher natural gas prices could result in declining sales as well as increases in bad debt expense and increased competition from other energy providers.

Inability to attract and retain professional and technical employees.

The ability to implement the Company’s business strategy and serve customers is dependent upon employing talented professionals and attracting, training, developing and retaining a skilled workforce. As the Company may have key personnel retire over the next several years, the failure to transition the skills and knowledge of the departing employees to qualified existing or new employees could increase operating costs and expose the Company to other operational, reputational and financial risks.

Geographic concentration of business activities.

The Company's business activities are concentrated in the Roanoke Valley and surrounding areas. Changes in the local economy, politics, regulations and weather patterns or other factors limiting demand for natural gas could negatively impact the Company's existing customer base, leading to declining usage patterns and financial condition of customers. Furthermore, these changes could also limit the Company's ability to serve its customers or add new customers within its service territory. Any of these factors could adversely affect earnings.

Inability to complete necessary or desirable pipeline expansion or infrastructure improvement projects.

In order to serve new customers or expand service to existing customers, the Company needs to install new pipeline facilities and maintain, expand or upgrade its existing distribution, transmission and/or storage infrastructure. Various factors may prevent or delay the completion of such projects or make them more costly, such as the inability to obtain required approval from local, state and/or federal regulatory and governmental bodies, public opposition to the projects, inability to obtain adequate financing, competition for labor and materials, construction delays, cost overruns, and an inability to negotiate acceptable agreements relating to rights-of-way, construction or other material development components. As a result, the Company may not be able to adequately serve existing customers or expand its distribution system to support customer growth. This could include any potential customer growth or system reliability enhancement resulting from connection to the MVP. Any of these factors could negatively impact earnings.

Impact of weather conditions and related regulatory mechanisms.

The Company’s revenues and earnings are dependent upon weather conditions. The Company’s rate structure currently has a WNA factor that results in either a recovery or refund of revenues due to variation from the 30-year average for heating degree-days. If the WNA mechanism were removed from its rate structure, the Company would be exposed to a much greater risk related to weather variability resulting in earnings volatility. 

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Competition from other energy providers.

The Company competes with other energy providers in its service territory, including those that provide electricity, propane, coal, fuel oil, wind and solar. Price is a significant competitive factor. Higher natural gas costs or decreases in the price of other energy sources may enhance competition and encourage customers to switch to alternative energy sources, thus lowering natural gas deliveries and earnings. Price considerations could also inhibit customer and revenue growth if builders and developers do not perceive natural gas to be a better value than other energy options and elect to install heating systems that use an energy source other than natural gas.

Inability to renew or obtain new franchise agreements or certificates of public convenience.

Roanoke Gas Company holds either franchises or CPCNs to provide natural gas to customers in its service territory. The franchises are granted by the local municipalities and the CPCNs are granted by the SCC. The ability to renew such agreements is important to the long-term operations of the Company and the ability to obtain new franchises or CPCNs is fundamental to expanding the Company’s service territory. Failure to renew these agreements could result in significant impact to future earnings and the inability to obtain new franchises or CPCNs for new service areas could negatively impact future earnings growth.

REGULATORY RISKS

Environmental laws or regulations associated with climate change.

Several federal and state legislative and regulatory initiatives have been proposed and passed in recent years in an attempt to limit the effects of climate change, including greenhouse gas emissions such as those created by the combustion of fossil fuels, including natural gas. Passage of new environmental legislation or implementation of regulations that mandate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions or other similar restrictions could have a negative effect on the Company’s core operations and its investment in the LLC. Such legislation could impose limitations on greenhouse gas emissions, require funding of new energy efficiency objectives, impose new operational requirements or lead to other additional costs to the Company. Regulations restricting or prohibiting the use of coal as a fuel for electric power generation has increased the demand for natural gas, and could at some point potentially result in natural gas supply concerns and higher costs for natural gas. Legislation or regulations could limit the exploration and development of natural gas reserves, making the price of natural gas less competitive and less attractive as a fuel source for consumers. Future legislation could also place limitations on the amount of natural gas used by businesses and homeowners to reduce the level of emissions, resulting in reduced deliveries and earnings.

Increased compliance and pipeline safety requirements and fines.

The Company is committed to the safe and reliable delivery of natural gas to its customers. Working in concert with this commitment are numerous federal and state laws and regulations. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations could result in the levy of significant fines. There are inherent risks that may be beyond the Company’s control, including third party actions, which could result in damage to pipeline facilities, injury and even death. Such incidents could subject the Company to lawsuits, large fines, increased scrutiny and loss of customers, all of which could have a significant effect on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

Regulatory actions or failure to obtain timely rate relief.

The Company’s natural gas distribution operations are regulated by the SCC. The SCC approves the rates that the Company charges its customers. If the SCC did not authorize rates that provided for the timely recovery of costs or a reasonable rate of return on investment in natural gas distribution facilities, earnings could be negatively impacted. Issuance of debt and equity by Roanoke Gas is also subject to SCC regulation and approval. Delays or lack of approvals could inhibit the ability to access capital markets and negatively impact liquidity or earnings.

Compliance with and changes in tax laws.

The Company is subject to extensive tax laws and regulations. New tax laws and regulations and changes in existing tax laws and regulations are continuously being enacted that could result in increased tax expenditures in the future.

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Many of these tax liabilities are subject to audits by the respective taxing authority. These audits may result in additional taxes as well as interest and penalties.

FINANCIAL RISKS

Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC.

The success of the Company's investment in the LLC is predicated on several key factors including but not limited to the ability of all investors to meet their capital calls when due, timely state and federal approvals and completing the construction of the pipeline. Any significant delay, cost over-run or the failure to receive the requisite approvals on a timely basis, or at all, could have a significant effect on the Company's earnings and financial position.

Although the LLC initially received the necessary federal and state permits to construct the pipeline, progress on the MVP has been hindered by several legal and regulatory obstacles as the Fourth Circuit, FERC and other governmental agencies have issued stays, stop orders or delayed authorizations affecting portions or all of the project pending resolution of issues or concerns raised as the project has progressed. The LLC is currently waiting on resolution of the remaining permits needed for the streams and wetlands crossings. FERC has not yet granted a revised authorization to complete construction work in a 8 mile section of the pipeline route. The LLC also needs authorizations from the Bureau of Land Management and the United States Forest Service and resolution of challenges to the Biological Opinion and Incidental Take Statement issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Several of the prior issues have been resolved; however, the ongoing obstacles as discussed above continue to cause delays in construction and have resulted in significantly higher projected costs and an extended targeted in-service date for the pipeline. These cost overruns may not be approved for recovery or be recovered through other regulatory mechanisms, and the LLC could be obligated to make delay or termination payments or be responsible for other contractual damages. The LLC could also experience the loss of tax incentives, or delayed or diminished returns, and could be required to write-off all or a portion of its investment in the project. New or extended regulatory, legislative or judicial actions or challenges could lead to additional delays and even higher costs, which could affect future returns for the LLC and materially impact Resources consolidated financial position and results of operations, including Resources ability to pay shareholder dividends at the current level or remain in compliance with credit agreement covenants.

In addition, there are numerous risks facing the LLC, which can adversely affect the Company's earnings and financial performance through its investment. The LLC's ability to retain contract crews to complete construction of the pipeline, the inability to obtain or renew ancillary licenses, rights-of-way, permits or other approvals and opposition from pipeline opponents and environmental groups could all influence the successful completion of the pipeline. Should the LLC be unable to adequately address these issues, the LLC’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be adversely affected, which could materially impact the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Any failure to negotiate successful project development agreements for new facilities with third parties could have similar results.

Once in operation, the LLC’s gas infrastructure facilities are subject to many operational risks. Operational risks could result in, among other things, lost revenues due to prolonged outages, increased expenses due to monetary penalties or fines for compliance failures, liability to third parties for property and personal injury damage, a failure to perform under applicable sales agreements and associated loss of revenues from terminated agreements or liability for liquidated damages under continuing agreements. The consequences of these risks could have a material adverse effect on the LLC’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Uncertainties and risks inherent in operating and maintaining the LLC's facilities include, but are not limited to, risks associated with facility start-up operations, such as whether the facility will achieve projected operating performance on schedule and otherwise as planned. The LLC’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects can be materially adversely affected by weather conditions, including, but not limited to, the impact of severe weather. Threats of terrorism and catastrophic events resulting from terrorism, cyber-attacks, or individuals and/or groups attempting to disrupt the LLC’s business, or the businesses of third parties, may materially adversely affect the LLC’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

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Access to capital to maintain liquidity.

The Company relies on a variety of capital sources to operate its business and fund capital expenditures, including internally generated cash from operations, short-term borrowings under its line-of-credit, proceeds from the issuance of additional shares of its common stock and other sources. Access to a line-of-credit is essential to provide seasonal funding of natural gas operations and provide capital budget bridge financing. Access to capital markets and other long-term funding sources is important for capital outlays and funding of the LLC investment. The ability of the Company to maintain and renew its line-of-credit and to secure longer-term financing is critical to operations. Adverse market trends, market disruptions or deterioration in the financial condition of the Company could increase the cost of borrowing, restrict the Company's ability to issue additional shares of its common stock or otherwise limit the Company’s ability to secure adequate funding.

Failure to comply with debt covenant requirements.

The Company's long-term debt obligations and bank line-of-credit contain financial covenants. Noncompliance with any of these covenants could result in an event of default which, if not cured or waived, could accelerate payment on outstanding debt obligations or cause prepayment penalties. In such an event, the Company may not be able to refinance or repay all of its indebtedness, pay dividends or have sufficient liquidity to meet operating and capital expenditure requirements. Any such acceleration would cause a material adverse change in the Company's financial condition.

Pandemic Outbreak.

A pandemic event such as COVID-19 or other similar diseases could cause a significant economic restriction or recession negatively impacting the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Depending on the duration of these impacts, the liquidity of the Company could be strained, reducing the Company’s ability to complete infrastructure investments and its ability to safely and reliably serve its customers.

Impact from commercial customers: In an effort to reduce the spread of disease, businesses, either on their own or by government mandates, may close or reduce operations to limit contact with the contagion. A reduction in business activity could result in lower natural gas consumption for both production activities as well as space heating, thereby reducing revenues and gross profit. The closing or reduction in operations by businesses, whether temporary or prolonged, could result in a permanent loss of some commercial customers.

Impact from residential customers: The closing of businesses may result in job layoffs or other reductions in employee numbers and/or working hours, thus reducing or eliminating customers’ ability to pay their utility bills and resulting in increased bad debt expense.

Impact on suppliers: A pandemic event could reduce the ability of the Company’s suppliers to supply a sufficient level of natural gas limiting our ability to meet customer demands.

Impact to the Company's employees: Orders by government bodies could result in employees of the Company being required to limit contact with customers or work remotely, thus not allowing them to complete tasks normally requiring a physical presence. Also, if a significant number of employees were to contract the virus or be quarantined, the Company may not be able to complete key or critical tasks, not limited to, but including key financial, reporting, and operational controls.

Impact from SCC actions: The SCC could issue orders in response to a pandemic event that result in increased regulatory oversight, operational mandates or restrictions on normal business activities. Any such action could result in increased operating costs or other financial or operational burdens that may negatively impact the Company's results of operations or financial position.

Impact on financing capabilities: A prolonged economic shutdown due to a pandemic could stress the banking system, thereby limiting the Company’s ability to obtain financing on commercially reasonable terms, which could lead to higher interest costs. Furthermore, a distressed equity market could limit the ability to raise capital through the issuance of Resources’ equity instruments due to depressed prices and low trading volumes.

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Post-retirement benefits and related funding of obligations.

The costs of providing defined benefit pension and retiree medical plans are dependent on a number of factors such as the rates of return on plan assets, discount rates used in determining plan liabilities, the level of interest rates used to measure the required minimum funding levels of the plan, future government regulation, changes in life expectancy and required or voluntary contributions made to the plan. Changes in actuarial assumptions and differences between the assumptions and actual results, as well as a significant decline in the value of investments that fund these plans, if not offset or mitigated by a decline in plan liabilities, could increase the expense of these plans and require significant additional funding. Although the Company has soft-frozen both plans to limit future growth in each plan's liabilities, ongoing funding obligations and expenses could have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operation and cash flows.

Exposure to market risks.

The Company is subject to market risks that are beyond the Company’s control, such as commodity price volatility and interest rate risk. The Company is generally isolated from commodity price risk through the PGA mechanism the Company has in place. With respect to interest rate risk, the Company has been operating in a relatively low interest rate environment for both short and long-term interest rates. However, increasing interest rates could adversely affect the Company’s future financial results.

GENERAL RISKS

General downturn in the economy or prolonged period of slow economic recovery.

A weak or poorly performing economy can negatively affect the Company’s profitability. An economic downturn can result in loss of commercial and industrial customers due to plant closings, a loss of residential customers as well as slow or declining growth in new customer additions, all of which would result in reduced sales volumes and lower revenues. An economic downturn could also result in rising unemployment and other factors that could lead to a loss of customers and an increase in customer delinquencies and bad debt expense.

Insurance coverage may not be sufficient.

The Company currently has liability and property insurance to cover a variety of exposures and risks. The insurance policies supporting said coverages are subject to certain limits and deductibles. Insurance coverage for risks against which the Company and its industry peers typically insure may not be offered in the future or such policies may expand exclusions that limit the amount of coverage or remove certain risks completely as insured events. Furthermore, litigation awards continue to increase and the limits of insurance may not keep pace accordingly. The proceeds received from any such insurance may not be paid in a timely manner. The occurrence of any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

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Item 1B.    Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

Item 2.    Properties.

Included in “Utility Property” on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet are storage plant, transmission plant, distribution plant and general plant of Roanoke Gas as categorized by natural gas utilities. The Company has approximately 1,157 miles of transmission and distribution pipeline with transmission and distribution plant representing 89% of the total utility plant investment. The transmission and distribution pipelines are located on or under public roads and highways or private property for which the Company has obtained the legal authorization and rights to operate.

Roanoke Gas currently owns and operates six metering stations through which it measures and regulates the gas being delivered by its suppliers. These stations are located at various points throughout the Company’s distribution system.

Roanoke Gas also owns a liquefied natural gas storage facility located in its service territory that has the capacity to store up to 200,000 DTH of natural gas.

The Company’s executive, accounting and business offices, along with its maintenance and service departments, are located on Kimball Avenue in Roanoke, Virginia.

Although the Company considers its present properties to be adequate, management continues to evaluate the adequacy of its current facilities as additional needs arise.

Item 3.    Legal Proceedings.

The Company is not known to be a party to any pending legal proceedings.

Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

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PART II

Item 5.    Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Market Information

Resources' common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Market under the trading symbol RGCO. Payment of dividends is within the discretion of the Board of Directors and depends on, among other factors, earnings, capital requirements, and the operating and financial condition of the Company.

	Range of Bid Prices				Cash Dividends
Year Ending September 30, 2021	High		Low		Declared
First Quarter	$	27.40	$	22.82	$	0.185
Second Quarter		25.60		22.08		0.185
Third Quarter		25.60		21.32		0.185
Fourth Quarter		26.02		22.33		0.185
Year Ending September 30, 2020
First Quarter	$	30.00	$	27.53	$	0.175
Second Quarter		31.98		24.55		0.175
Third Quarter		28.85		23.15		0.175
Fourth Quarter		24.86		22.58		0.175

As of November 19, 2021, there were 1,030 holders of record of the Company’s common stock. This number does not include all beneficial owners of common stock who hold their shares in “street name."

A summary of the Company’s equity compensation plans follows as of September 30, 2021:

	(a)		(b)		(c)
Plan category	Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights		Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights		Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a))
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders		45,250	$	19.34		457,079
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders		—		—		—
Total		45,250	$	19.34		457,079

Item 6.    Selected Financial Data.

Not applicable.

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Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

COVID-19

As was discussed under Item 1A "Risk Factors" above, COVID-19 and the resulting pandemic continues to impact the local, state, national and global economies. Supply chain disruptions, labor shortages and inflation have supplanted quarantines and government restrictions as the primary examples of matters impacting economic conditions.  Significant progress was made in distributing and administering vaccines to the public through September 30, 2021, which has allowed a return to mostly normal operating conditions. Most restrictions implemented as a result of the pandemic have been eased, including Virginia’s state of emergency, allowing for increased business, recreational and travel activities. Natural gas consumption by the Company’s commercial customers has largely returned to pre-pandemic levels. However, the easing of restrictions and the existence of variant strains of COVID-19 may lead to a rise in infections, which could result in the reinstatement of some or all of the restrictions previously in place. Management continues to monitor current conditions to ensure the continuation of safe and reliable service to customers and to maintain the safety of the Company's employees. 

See the Regulatory section below for information regarding the service disconnection moratorium, CARES Act and ARPA funds.

The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will impact the Company depends on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be reasonably predicted, including the increase or reduction in governmental restrictions to businesses and individuals, the potential resurgence of the virus, including variants, as well as efficacy of the vaccines.

Cyber Risk

Cyber attacks are a constant threat to businesses and individuals. The Company remains focused on these threats and is committed to safeguarding its information technology systems. These systems contain confidential customer, vendor and employee information as well as important operational financial data. There is risk associated with unauthorized access of this information with a malicious intent to corrupt data, cause operational disruptions or compromise information. Management continuously monitors access to these systems and believes it has security measures in place to protect these systems from cyber attacks and similar incidents; however, there can be no guarantee that an incident will not occur. In the event of a cyber incident, the Company will execute its Security Incident Response Plan. The Company maintains cyber insurance to mitigate financial costs that may result from a cyber incident.

Overview

Resources is an energy services company primarily engaged in the regulated sale and distribution of natural gas to approximately 62,600 residential, commercial and industrial customers in Roanoke, Virginia, and the surrounding localities, through its Roanoke Gas subsidiary. Roanoke Gas also provides certain unregulated services. As a wholly-owned subsidiary of Resources, Midstream is a more than 1% investor in the MVP and a less than 1% investor in Southgate. More information regarding the investment in MVP is provided under the Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline section below.

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The utility operations of Roanoke Gas are regulated by the SCC, which oversees the terms, conditions and rates charged to customers for natural gas service, safety standards, extension of service and depreciation. Nearly all of the Company’s revenues, excluding equity in earnings of MVP, are derived from the sale and delivery of natural gas to Roanoke Gas customers based on rates authorized by the SCC. These rates are designed to provide the Company with the opportunity to recover its gas and non-gas expenses and to earn a reasonable rate of return for shareholders based on normal weather.

The Company is also subject to federal regulation from the Department of Transportation in regard to the construction, operation, maintenance, safety and integrity of its transmission and distribution pipelines. FERC regulates the prices for the transportation and delivery of natural gas to the Company's distribution system and underground storage services. In addition, Roanoke Gas is subject to other regulations which are not necessarily industry specific.

On October 10, 2018, Roanoke Gas filed a general rate application requesting an annual increase in customer non-gas base rates. Roanoke Gas implemented the interim non-gas rates contained in its rate application for natural gas service rendered to customers on or after January 1, 2019. On January 24, 2020, the SCC issued its final order on the general rate application, granting Roanoke Gas an annualized increase in non-gas base rates of $7.25 million and an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.44%. As a result, the Company refunded $3.8 million to its customers in March 2020, representing the excess revenues collected plus interest for the difference between the final approved rates and the interim rates billed since January 1, 2019. The order also directed the Company to write-off $317,000 of ESAC assets that were not subject to recovery under the final order.

As the Company’s business is seasonal in nature, volatility in winter weather and the commodity price of natural gas, can impact the effectiveness of the Company’s rates in recovering its costs and providing a reasonable return for its shareholders. In order to mitigate the effect of weather variations and other factors not provided for in the Company's base rates, Roanoke Gas has certain approved rate mechanisms in place that help provide stability in earnings, adjust for volatility in the price of natural gas and provide a return on qualified infrastructure investment. These mechanisms include the SAVE Rider, WNA, ICC and PGA.

The Company’s non-gas base rates provide for the recovery of non-gas related expenses and a reasonable return to shareholders. These rates are determined based on the filing of a formal non-gas rate application with the SCC. Generally, investments related to extending service to new customers are recovered through the additional revenues generated by the non-gas base rates currently in place. The investment in replacing and upgrading existing infrastructure is generally not recoverable until a formal rate application is filed to include the additional investment, and new non-gas base rates are approved. The SAVE Rider provides the Company with a mechanism through which it recovers the cost related to SAVE qualified infrastructure investments on a prospective basis, until a formal rate application is filed to incorporate the recovery of these costs in non-gas rates.  The SAVE Plan and Rider were reset effective January 1, 2019, when the recovery of all prior SAVE Plan investment was incorporated into the current non-gas rates.  Accordingly, SAVE Plan revenues increased to $2,487,000 in fiscal 2021 from $1,272,000 in fiscal 2020.  The current SAVE Plan is focused on replacing first generation, pre-1973 plastic pipe and other qualifying infrastructures projects. Additional information regarding the SAVE Plan and Rider is provided under the Regulatory section.

The WNA model reduces the volatility in earnings due to the variability in temperatures during the heating season. The WNA is based on the most recent 30-year temperature average and provides the Company with a level of earnings protection when weather is warmer than normal and provides its customers with price protection when the weather is colder than normal. The WNA allows the Company to recover from its customers the lost margin (excluding gas costs) from the impact of weather that is warmer than normal and correspondingly requires the Company to refund the excess margin earned for weather that is colder than normal. Any billings or refunds related to the WNA are completed following each WNA year, which runs from April to March. The Company recorded approximately $1,196,000 and $1,193,000 in additional revenue from the WNA for weather that was approximately 8% warmer than normal for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.  The number of heating degree days used to determine normal will change annually as a new year is added to the 30-year period and the oldest year is removed. As a result of adding recent warmer than normal years to replace historical colder years, the number of heating degree days that defines normal has declined over the last several years.

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The Company also has an approved rate structure in place that mitigates the impact of financing costs of its natural gas inventory. Under this rate structure, Roanoke Gas recognizes revenue by applying the ICC factor, based on the Company’s weighted-average cost of capital, including interest rates on short-term and long-term debt, and the Company’s authorized return on equity, to the average cost of natural gas inventory.  Total ICC revenues were $396,000 and $389,000 for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  Average inventory balances varied modestly between periods; however, rising natural gas commodity prices near the end of the current fiscal year may lead to higher ICC revenues in fiscal 2022.

The cost of natural gas is a pass-through cost and is independent of the non-gas rates of the Company. Accordingly, the Company's approved billing rates include a component designed to allow for the recovery of the cost of natural gas used by its customers. This rate component, referred to as the PGA, allows the Company to pass along to its customers increases and decreases in natural gas costs based on a quarterly filing, or more frequent if necessary, with the SCC. Once administrative approval is received, the Company adjusts the gas cost component of its rates to reflect the approved amount. As actual costs will differ from the projections used in establishing the PGA rate, the Company will either over-recover or under-recover its actual gas costs during the period. The difference between actual costs incurred and costs recovered through the application of the PGA is recorded as a regulatory asset or liability. At the end of the annual deferral period, the balance is amortized over an ensuing 12-month period as amounts are reflected in customer billings.

Roanoke Gas is required to submit an Annual Information Filing ("AIF") each year to the SCC. Included as part of this filing is an earnings test, which is required when the Company has certain regulatory assets. If the results of the earnings test indicate that the Company's regulatory earnings exceed the mid-point of its authorized return on equity range, then certain regulatory assets are written-down and recovery accelerated to the point where the actual return for the period adjusts to the mid-point of the range. The Company conducted preliminary earnings tests for fiscal 2021 and 2020 in preparation for the AIF filings in January of the subsequent years.  As a result of the preliminary earnings tests, Roanoke Gas expensed $217,000 in deferred COVID costs incurred during fiscal 2021, and fully amortized the remaining $525,000 balance of ESAC assets in fiscal 2020. 

Inflation and Rising Prices

Natural gas commodity, delivery and storage capacity costs comprise the single largest expense of the Company representing nearly 58% of fiscal 2021 total operating expenses.  Natural gas commodity prices have steadily increased through fiscal 2021 and natural gas futures for the upcoming winter heating season are double September prices.  Several factors have contributed to rising natural gas prices including lack of interstate pipeline development, demand rebounding as activity returns to pre-pandemic levels, lower inventory storage levels, increased demand for cleaner energy and lagging production from suppliers.  Roanoke Gas can recover rising natural gas costs through the PGA mechanism as noted above; however, in times of rapidly increasing costs, the timing of recovery may lag.  Increasing natural gas prices, especially in relation to other energy options, may lead to reductions in energy consumption through customer conservation or fuel switching in addition to the potential for rising bad debts related to customers inability to pay higher natural gas bills.

Inflation affects the Company through increases in non-gas expenses such as labor costs, employee benefits, materials and supplies, contracted services and corporate insurance, among other areas.  As the country emerges from the pandemic, issues such as supply chain delays, labor shortages and limited availability of key or critical supplies have put upward pressure on several categories of the Company's non-gas expenses.  The Company recovers non-gas related costs through the non-gas portion of its tariff rates, which are adjusted through a non-gas rate application. Unlike the rate adjustments for the gas portion of rates which are done administratively, the non-gas rate application results in an inherent lag in non-gas expense recovery.  Therefore, authorized non-gas rates may not keep pace with the rising costs during inflationary periods.  Management must regularly evaluate the Company's operations, economic conditions and other factors to assess the need to apply for a non-gas rate adjustment.

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Results of Operations

The analysis on the results of operations is based on the consolidated operations of the Company, which is primarily associated with the utility segment. Additional segment analysis is provided in areas where Midstream's investment in affiliates represents a significant component of the comparison.

The Company's operating revenues are affected by the cost of natural gas, as reflected in the consolidated income statement under the line item cost of gas - utility. The cost of natural gas is passed through to customers at cost, which includes commodity price, transportation, storage, injection and withdrawal fees with any increase or decrease offset by a correlating change in revenue through the PGA. Accordingly, management believes that gross utility margin, a non-GAAP financial measure defined as utility revenues less cost of gas, is a more useful and relevant measure to analyze financial performance. The term gross utility margin is not intended to represent or replace operating income, the most comparable GAAP financial measure, as an indicator of operating performance and is not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. The following results of operations analyses will reference gross utility margin.

Fiscal Year 2021 Compared with Fiscal Year 2020

The table below reflects operating revenues, volume activity and heating degree days.

Operating Revenues
Year Ended September 30,	2021		2020		Increase / (Decrease)			Percentage
Gas Utility	$	75,045,103	$	62,408,925	$	12,636,178			20	%
Non Utility		129,676		666,466		(536,790	)		(81	)%
Total Operating Revenues	$	75,174,779	$	63,075,391	$	12,099,388			19	%

Delivered Volumes
Year Ended September 30,	2021		2020		Increase / (Decrease)			Percentage
Regulated Natural Gas (DTH)
Residential and Commercial		6,773,819		6,419,031		354,788			6	%
Transportation and Interruptible		3,135,710		3,938,143		(802,433	)		(20	)%
Total Delivered Volumes		9,909,529		10,357,174		(447,645	)		(4	)%
HDD		3,610		3,623		(13	)		(0	)%

Total gas utility operating revenues for the year ended September 30, 2021 increased by 20% from the year ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to higher natural gas commodity prices and pipeline storage fees, higher residential and commercial volumes and an increase in SAVE revenues, partially offset by lower transportation and interruptible volumes.  Rising natural gas commodity prices combined with higher transportation fees implemented by the Company's pipeline suppliers have resulted in a 41% per dth increase in the commodity component of revenue and a 38% per dth increase in the demand (pipeline and storage fees) component of revenue.  These higher gas costs are passed on to customers through the PGA mechanism.  The mostly weather sensitive residential and commercial natural gas deliveries increased by 6% on nearly the same number of heating degree days.  The higher deliveries reflect the increased demand for natural gas as economic conditions continue to improve and the economy emerges from last year's pandemic.  SAVE Plan revenues increased by $1,215,000  due to the ongoing investment in qualified SAVE infrastructure projects.  Transportation and interruptible volumes, primarily driven by business activity rather than weather, declined by 20% due to a single multi-fuel customer that switched its primary fuel from natural gas to an alternate energy source in response to rising natural gas prices.  In early fiscal 2020, this same customer switched from another energy source to natural gas as its primary fuel due to the favorable pricing of natural gas.  Excluding the multi-fuel customer's usage from both periods, total transportation and interruptible volumes would have increased by 3% on a comparative basis.  Non-utility revenues decreased due to the completion of a significant long-term contract in fiscal  2020.

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Gross Utility Margin
Year Ended September 30,	2021		2020		Increase		Percentage
Gas Utility Revenues	$	75,045,103	$	62,408,925	$	12,636,178		20	%
Cost of Gas - Utility		35,179,842		23,949,481		11,230,361		47	%
Gross Utility Margin	$	39,865,261	$	38,459,444	$	1,405,817		4	%

Gross utility margin increased over the prior fiscal year primarily as a result of the aforementioned higher SAVE revenues and increase in residential and commercial volumes and customer base charges more than offsetting the reduction in transportation and interruptible deliveries. Total volumetric margin increased for the reasons mentioned above as the increase in residential and commercial DTH sales more than offset the decline in lower-margin interruptible and transportation volumes.  The growth in customer base charge revenues reflect a combination of customer additions and the continuation of service to delinquent customers as a result of the disconnection moratorium, which ended August 30, 2021.  

The changes in the components of the gross utility margin are summarized below:

	Years Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		Increase / (Decrease)
Customer Base Charge	$	14,563,274	$	14,413,709	$	149,565
SAVE Plan		2,487,299		1,272,070		1,215,229
Volumetric		21,188,794		21,091,007		97,787
WNA		1,196,499		1,192,715		3,784
Carrying Cost		395,626		388,607		7,019
Other Revenues		33,769		101,336		(67,567	)
Total	$	39,865,261	$	38,459,444	$	1,405,817

Operations and Maintenance Expense - Operations and maintenance expense decreased by $1,703,874 or 11%, from the prior year primarily due to the accelerated recovery of ESAC regulatory assets in fiscal 2020 and lower bad debt expense, partially offset by lower capitalized overheads. In accordance with the SCC's final order on the non-gas base rate application, the Company wrote-down $317,000 in ESAC assets last year that were not subject to recovery through the new rates.  In addition to the write-down of a portion of the ESAC assets in December 2019, Roanoke Gas accelerated the recovery of the remaining $525,000 balance of ESAC assets in September 2020 as a result of the earnings test performed by the Company. Bad debt expense declined by $964,000 due to the application of more than $400,000 in CARES Act funds to eligible COVID-19 impacted customers with past due balances and the pending receipt of $859,000 in ARPA funds to provide similar relief.  If not for the CARES Act and ARPA funds, bad debt expense would have increased significantly over last year's higher than normal levels.  Total capitalized overheads declined by $258,000 on a nearly $3 million reduction in capital expenditures related to project timing.

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General Taxes - General taxes increased by $95,307, or 4%, primarily due to higher property taxes associated with a 5% increase in utility property.

Depreciation - Depreciation expense increased by $533,895, or 7%, corresponding to a similar increase in depreciable utility plant.

Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Affiliate - The equity in earnings of the MVP investment decreased by $3,147,320 as AFUDC activity ceased during the second fiscal quarter due to the cessation of growth construction activities by the LLC with limited construction resuming in April 2021 resulting in a much lower level of AFUDC recognized for the remainder of the year.  See the Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline section for additional information.

Other Income, net - Other income increased by $275,850 primarily due to a $449,000 decrease in the non-service cost components of net periodic benefit costs partially offset by $207,000 reduction in the equity portion of AFUDC on Roanoke Gas' two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP.  Roanoke Gas temporarily stopped recognizing AFUDC effective January 2021 until such time construction activities resume on these stations.

Interest Expense - Total interest expense decreased by $47,273, or 1%, as a decline in the interest rate on the Company's variable rate debt offset higher total debt levels.  Total average debt outstanding increased by 14% to meet the funding needs of Roanoke Gas' capital projects and Midstream's continuing investment in MVP.  As a result of the declining interest rates on the Company's variable rate debt, the weighted-average interest rate fell by 12%.  Declines in other interest contributed to the lower expense levels including lower customer deposit interest.

Roanoke Gas' interest expense increased by $81,285 as total average debt outstanding increased by $8,500,000 associated with an increase in the borrowings under the line-of-credit. The average interest rate decreased slightly from 3.76% in fiscal 2020 to 3.48% in fiscal 2021. Roanoke gas capitalized $68,000 less in AFUDC during the current year due to the absence of construction activities on the two gate stations, which offset a $67,000 reduction in interest expense attributable to fiscal 2020's rate refund.

Midstream's interest expense decreased by $128,558 as the average interest rate on Midstream's total debt declined from 2.76% to 2.23% related to the variable interest rate credit facility more than offsetting a $6,900,000 increase in total average debt outstanding during the period.

Income Taxes - Income tax expense decreased by $101,598, or 3%, on a 4% decrease in pre-tax earnings. The effective tax rate was 24.1% for fiscal 2021 compared to 23.8% for fiscal 2020. The effective tax rate for both years is below the combined state and federal statutory rate of 25.74% due to the amortization of the excess deferred income taxes, the excess deductions related to restricted stock vesting, stock option exercises and the realization of certain tax credits. Income tax expense related to Midstream decreased by $780,000 due to the significant reduction in pre-tax earnings related to AFUDC from the MVP investment. The majority of the remaining $680,000 difference in income tax expense is related to the increase in pre-tax earnings of Roanoke Gas.

Net Income and Dividends - Net income for fiscal 2021 was $10,102,062 compared to $10,564,534 for fiscal 2020. Basic and diluted earnings per share were $1.22 in fiscal 2021 compared to $1.30 in fiscal 2020. Dividends declared per share of common stock were $0.74 in fiscal 2021 compared to $0.70 in fiscal 2020.

Capital Resources and Liquidity

Due to the capital intensive nature of the utility business, as well as the related weather sensitivity, the Company’s primary capital needs are the funding of its capital projects, investment in MVP, the seasonal funding of its natural gas inventories and accounts receivables and payment of dividends. To meet these needs, the Company relies on its operating cash flows, credit availability under short-term and long-term debt agreements and proceeds from the sale of its common stock.

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Cash and cash equivalents increased by approximately $1.2 million in fiscal 2021 compared to a decrease of $1.3 million in fiscal 2020. The following table summarizes the categories of sources and uses of cash:

Cash Flow Summary	Years Ended September 30,
	2021			2020
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	11,568,108		$	12,823,903
Net cash used in investing activities		(25,849,237	)		(30,721,011	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		15,508,380			16,556,826
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	$	1,227,251		$	(1,340,282	)

Cash Flows Provided by Operating Activities:

The seasonal nature of the natural gas business causes operating cash flows to fluctuate significantly during the year, as well as from year to year. Factors, including weather, energy prices, natural gas storage levels and customer collections, all contribute to working capital levels and related cash flows. Generally, operating cash flows are positive during the second and third fiscal quarters as a combination of earnings, declining storage gas levels and collections on customer accounts all contribute to higher cash levels. During the first and fourth fiscal quarters, operating cash flows generally decrease due to the combination of increasing natural gas storage levels and rising customer receivable balances.

Cash flow from operating activities decreased by nearly $1.3 million from the prior year. The decrease in cash flow provided by operations was primarily driven by the affects of increasing gas commodity prices and changes in certain regulatory assets and liabilities, partially offset by net income exclusive of noncash equity in earnings.

The table below summarizes the significant operating cash flow components:

	Years Ended September 30,
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:	2021			2020			Increase (Decrease)
Net Income	$	10,102,062		$	10,564,534		$	(462,472	)
Non-cash adjustments:
Depreciation		8,669,977			8,126,427			543,550
Equity in earnings		(1,667,554	)		(4,814,874	)		3,147,320
AFUDC		(55,981	)		(330,208	)		274,227
Allowance for doubtful accounts		(461,130	)		592,398			(1,053,528	)
ESAC assets		—			1,022,195			(1,022,195	)
Changes in working capital and regulatory assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(1,084,726	)		(141,482	)		(943,244	)
Gas in Storage		(2,158,709	)		739,546			(2,898,255	)
Prepaid income taxes		(2,457,327	)		510,357			(2,967,684	)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		2,862,861			659,276			2,203,585
Deferred Taxes		106,188			1,327,655			(1,221,467	)
Change in over (under) collection of gas costs		(3,314,446	)		(1,895,555	)		(1,418,891	)
Rate refund		—			(3,827,589	)		3,827,589
WNA		(609,888	)		1,171,342			(1,781,230	)
Non-current regulatory liabilities		2,367,512			—			2,367,512
Other		(730,731	)		(880,119	)		149,388
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	11,568,108		$	12,823,903		$	(1,255,795	)

Increasing natural gas commodity prices during 2021, resulted in reductions in operating cash in several areas. Higher accounts receivable balances, and increases in the under collection of gas costs, and rising gas in storage balances resulted in lower operating cash of $0.9, $1.4 and $2.9 million year over year, respectively. Income tax refunds not yet received, associated with the R&D credit study conducted by a third party consultant, caused prepaid income taxes to increase significantly year over year, resulting in a decrease in operating cash of $3 million. See Note 8 for more information regarding the R&D tax credit.

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Operating cash decreases were partially offset by accounts payable and changes in certain regulatory assets and liabilities. Significantly higher accounts payable balances related to increasing natural gas commodity prices provided an additional $2.2 million in operating cash year over year. As there was no rate refund in fiscal 2021, operating cash improved $3.8 million.

Other significant non-cash changes include $1.1 million for allowance for doubtful accounts due to changes in bad debt reserves attributable to the pandemic and funding relief and $2.4 million related to the establishment of a regulatory liability for the R&D tax credit.

Cash Flows Used in Investing Activities:

Investing activities primarily consist of expenditures related to investment in Roanoke Gas' utility plant, which includes replacing aging natural gas pipe with new plastic or coated steel pipe, improvements to the LNG plant and gas distribution system facilities and expansion of its natural gas system to meet the demands of customer growth, as well as the continued investment in the MVP. Roanoke Gas' expenditures were approximately $20 million and $22.9 million in fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively. Roanoke Gas renewed 7.8 miles of main and 620 service lines and 9.6 miles of main and 592 service lines in fiscal years 2021 and 2020, respectively. The current SAVE Plan is focused on the replacement of pre-1973 first generation plastic pipe in addition to other SAVE related infrastructure. Furthermore, Roanoke Gas’ capital expenditures included costs to extend natural gas distribution mains and services to480 customers in fiscal 2021, compared to 448 customers in fiscal 2020. Depreciation covered approximately 43% and 35% of the current and prior year's capital expenditures, respectively, with the balance provided from other operating cash flows and financing activities.

Capital expenditures are expected to remain at or near current levels over the next three to five years as Roanoke Gas continues to focus on its SAVE Plan, which is expected to be completed by 2024, as well as customer growth and system expansion. The Company expects to utilize its credit facilities, as well as consider additional equity capital, to meet the funding requirements of these planned expenditures.

Investing cash flows also reflect the 2021 funding of $6 million for Midstream's participation in the LLC. Midstream's total expected funding requirement increased to between $60 and $62 million as discussed below, with anticipated cash investment for fiscal 2022 to be approximately $10.7 million. Funding for the investment in the LLC is provided through Midstream's credit facility and two unsecured notes in the combined amount of $24 million. More information regarding the credit facility is provided in Note 7 and under the Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline section below.

Cash Flows Provided by Financing Activities:

Financing activities generally consist of borrowings and repayments under credit agreements, issuance of stock and the payment of dividends. Net cash flows provided by financing activities were $15.5 million and $16.6 million in fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company uses its line-of-credit to fund seasonal working capital needs and provide temporary financing for capital projects. The increase in financing cash flows was derived from Midstream's net borrowings of more than $8 million to finance its investment in MVP. The Company also realized $3.3 million from the issuance of common stock through its ATM program and $1.6 million from the issuance of stock through DRIP activity and the exercise of options. Cash out-flows for dividend payments exceeded $6.0 million as the annualized dividend rate increased from $0.70 to $0.74 per share. The Company’s consolidated capitalization was 41.5% equity and 58.5% long-term debt at September 30, 2021, exclusive of unamortized debt expense. This compares to 41.7% equity and 58.3% long-term debt at September 30, 2020. 

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On October 29, 2021 Midstream entered into an unsecured promissory note in the principal amount of $8 million with an interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 115 basis points maturing December 1, 2027. Related to this note, Midstream also entered into an interest rate swap agreement that effectively converts the variable rate note into a fixed rate instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.443%. The loan will convert into an installment loan with principal pay-down beginning in fiscal 2023. In addition, this note reduces the borrowing capacity defined by the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement and related Promissory Notes. The total borrowing capacity declined from $41 million to $33 million effective with the new promissory note.  All other terms of the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement remain unchanged.

On September 24, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into an unsecured Delayed Draw Term Note in the principal amount of $10 million with an interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points maturing on October 1, 2028. Related to this note, the Company also entered into an interest rate swap agreement that effectively converts the variable rate note into a fixed rate instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.49%. The term note will fund in two installments of $5 million each on April 1, 2022 and October 1, 2022, respectively.

On August 20, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into an unsecured Delayed Draw Term Note in the principal amount of $15 million with an interest rate of 1.20% above the 30-day SOFR Average per annum maturing on August 20, 2026. Related to this note, the Company also entered into an interest rate swap agreement that effectively converts the variable rate note into a fixed rate instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.00% The term note funded on October 1, 2021.

On March 25, 2021, Roanoke Gas renewed its unsecured line-of-credit agreement for a two-year term expiring March 31, 2023 with a maximum borrowing limit of $40 million. Amounts drawn against the agreement are considered to be non-current as the balance under the line-of-credit is not subject to repayment within the next 12-month period. The agreement has a variable-interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points and an availability fee of 15 basis points and provides multi-tiered borrowing limits aligned with the Company's seasonal borrowing demand. The Company's total available borrowing limits range from $14 million to $40 million.

On December 6, 2019, Roanoke Gas entered into unsecured notes in the aggregate principal amount of $10 million. These notes have a 10-year term from the date of issue at a fixed interest rate of 3.60%. The proceeds from these notes provided financing for Roanoke Gas' capital budget.

Roanoke Gas has private shelf agreements with two different financial institutions.  The first agreement, as amended, provides for the issuance of up to $40 million in unsecured notes in addition to the $28 million previously issued.  This shelf agreement will expire on December 6, 2022 unless extended.  The second agreement, effective September 30, 2020, provides for the issuance of up to $70 million in unsecured notes during its 5-year term expiring on September 30, 2025.  No funds were drawn on either of these agreements during fiscal 2021.

On February 14, 2020, Resources filed a prospectus with the SEC utilizing a shelf registration process where the Company may sell shares of common stock, in one or more offerings, of an aggregate amount up to $40 million. The prospectus was filed including a supplement allowing the Company to offer a portion of these shares, up to an aggregate of $15 million, utilizing the ATM approach as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act. The ATM Plan allows Resources flexibility in the frequency, timing and amount of share offerings in supplementing its capital funding needs. There were 142,726 shares issued through the ATM program during fiscal 2021.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Regulation S-K, Item 303(a)(4)(ii).

Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline

Recent construction activity has been limited based on legal and regulatory challenges. Although certain permits and authorizations were received in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 and the first quarter of fiscal 2021, there remain pending challenges and authorization requests impacting current progress.

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Following a comprehensive review of all outstanding stream and wetland crossings across the approximately 300-mile MVP project route, on February 19, 2021, the LLC submitted (i) a joint application package to each of the Huntington, Pittsburgh and Norfolk Districts of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Army Corps) that requests an individual permit from the Army Corps to cross certain streams and wetlands utilizing open cut techniques (the Army Corps Individual Permit) and (ii) an application to amend the MVP project’s CPCN that seeks FERC authority to cross certain streams and wetlands utilizing alternative trenchless construction methods.

Related to seeking the Army Corps Individual Permit, on March 4, 2021, the LLC submitted applications to each of the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (WVDEP) and the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (VADEQ) seeking Section 401 water quality certification approvals or waivers (such approvals or waivers, the State 401 Approvals).  Both the WVDEP and VADEQ submitted requests to the Army Corps for additional time to address the applications, and in late June 2021, the Army Corps granted the WVDEP and the VADEQ additional review time through November 29, 2021 and December 31, 2021, respectively.  In early June 2021, the FERC issued a notice of schedule for the LLC's CPCN amendment application. FERC issued its environmental assessment August 13, 2021.  Given that the expected permitting timelines for both the FERC and the Army Corps remain in-line with the LLC's expectations, the LLC continues to target a full in-service date for the MVP project in summer 2022 at a total project cost of approximately $6.2 billion (excluding AFUDC).

In order to complete the MVP project in accordance with the targeted full in-service date and cost, the LLC must, among other things, timely receive the Army Corps Individual Permit (as well as timely receive the State 401 Approvals and, as necessary, certain other state-level approvals) and timely receive authorization from the FERC to amend the CPCN to utilize alternative trenchless construction methods for certain stream and wetland crossings. The LLC also must (i) maintain and, as applicable, timely receive required authorizations, including authorization to proceed with construction, related to the Jefferson National Forest from the Bureau of Land Management, the U.S. Forest Service and the FERC; (ii) continue to have available the orders previously issued by the FERC modifying its prior stop work orders and extending the LLC’s prescribed time to complete the MVP project; (iii) timely receive authorization from the FERC to complete construction work in the portion of the project route currently remaining subject to the FERC's previous stop work order; and (iv) continue to be authorized to work under the Biological Opinion and Incidental Take Statement issued by the United States Department of the Interior’s Fish and Wildlife Service for the MVP project. In each case, any such foregoing or other authorizations must remain in effect notwithstanding any pending or future challenge thereto. Failure to achieve any one of the above items could lead to additional delays and higher project costs.

Resources' current earnings from the MVP investment are attributable to AFUDC income generated by the LLC. The LLC temporarily suspended the accrual of AFUDC on the project from January 1, 2021 (due to a temporary reduction in growth construction activities) through March 31, 2021.  Limited growth construction activities resumed in April 2021, and the LLC began accruing AFUDC associated with those activities.  It is expected that the accrual of AFUDC will be temporarily suspended again for the winter curtailment period, which is expected to begin around November 2021. Additionally, Roanoke Gas continues the suspension of AFUDC accruals on its two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP until such time as construction activities resume on the respective gate stations.

Management conducted an assessment of its MVP investment in accordance with the provisions of ASC 323, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures. This assessment included a third-party valuation. As a result of its evaluation, management has concluded that the investment is not currently impaired as of September 30, 2021. Furthermore, the LLC has conducted its own evaluation of the project and also concluded that no impairment exists as of September 30, 2021. Management will continue monitoring the status of the project for circumstances that may lead to future impairment, including any significant delays or denials of necessary permits and approvals. If necessary, the amount and timing of any future impairment would be dependent on the specific circumstances at the time of evaluation.

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In April 2018, the LLC announced the MVP Southgate project and submitted Southgate's certificate application to the FERC in November 2018. The Final Environmental Impact Statement for the project was issued on February 14, 2020. In June 2020, the FERC issued the CPCN for the MVP Southgate; however, the FERC, while authorizing the project, directed the Office of Energy Projects not to issue a notice to proceed with construction until necessary federal permits are received for the MVP project and the Director of the Office of Energy Projects lifts the stop work order and authorizes the LLC to continue constructing the MVP. On August 11, 2020, the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) denied Southgate's application for a Clean Water Act Section 401 Individual Water Quality Certification and Jordan Lake Riparian Buffer Authorization due to timing of the MVP project's completion. On March 11, 2021, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals, pursuant to an appeal filed by the LLC, vacated the NCDEQ's denial and remanded the matter to the NCDEQ for additional review. On April 29, 2021, the NCDEQ reissued its denial of Southgate's application. Based on the targeted full in-service date for the MVP and expectations regarding Southgate permit approval timing, the LLC is targeting the commencement of the MVP Southgate construction in 2022 and placing the MVP Southgate in-service during the spring of 2023.

Midstream has borrowing capacity of $41 million under its current credit facility, which matures in December 2022. As of September 30, 2021, $33.6 million had been utilized.  Effective November 1, 2021, the borrowing capacity under this credit facility was reduced to $33 million as $8 million of the outstanding balance was termed out in a separate unsecured promissory note.  See the Capital Resources and Liquidity section for more information. This credit facility will provide additional financing capacity for MVP funding; however, due to ongoing delays, additional financing will be required. Management is working with the Company's lending institutions to secure the necessary funding. If the legal and regulatory challenges, including any future challenges, are not resolved in a timely manner and/or restrictions are imposed that impact future construction, the cost of the MVP and Midstream's capital contributions may increase above current projections.

Regulatory

On January 24, 2020, the SCC issued its final general rate case order awarding Roanoke Gas an annualized non-gas rate increase of $7.25 million and providing for a 9.44% return on equity and directing the write-off of $317,000 of ESAC assets not subject to recovery under the approved rates. Rates authorized by the SCC's final order required the Company to issue customers $3.8 million in rate refunds, which was completed in March 2020.

The final order also excluded from current rates a return on the investment of two interconnect stations with the MVP, but provided Roanoke Gas with the ability to defer the related financing costs of those investments for possible future recovery. As a result, the Company began recognizing AFUDC during the second quarter of fiscal 2020 to capitalize both the equity and debt financing costs incurred during the construction phases. During the first quarter of 2021, Roanoke Gas recognized a total of $55,981 in AFUDC, $41,978 and $14,003 of equity and debt carrying costs, respectively. Beginning January 2021, Roanoke Gas temporarily ceased recording AFUDC on its related MVP interconnect construction projects until such time as construction activities resume. 

The service disconnection moratorium under which the Company has been operating since March 16, 2020, expired August 30, 2021. During the moratorium, utilities were prohibited from disconnecting residential customers for non-payment of their natural gas service and from assessing late payment fees; therefore, residential customers that ordinarily would have been disconnected for non-payment continued incurring charges for gas service. As a result, the Company’s arrearage balances are at historically high levels, which has resulted in a higher potential for bad debt write-offs. 

In December 2020, Roanoke Gas received $403,000 in CARES Act funds to assist customers with growing past due balances. Based on guidance provided by the SCC, the Company was able to apply the full amount to eligible customer accounts during the second and third fiscal quarters. On October 28, 2021, Roanoke Gas received notification from the SCC that its application for ARPA funds has been approved.  According to the communication, the Company will receive $858,556 based on arrearage balances as of August 31, 2021.  The pending receipt of these funds were considered in the valuation of the estimated allowance for  uncollectibles as of September 30, 2021. 

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In April 2020, the SCC issued an order allowing regulated utilities in Virginia to defer certain incremental, prudently incurred costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and to apply for recovery at a future date. Roanoke Gas deferred certain COVID-19 related costs throughout fiscal 2021.  Based on Roanoke Gas's preliminary earnings test for the period ended September 30, 2021, fiscal 2021 earnings exceeded the mid-point of the authorized return resulting in the COVID-19 related costs being expensed during the fourth quarter.

Roanoke Gas continues to recover the costs of its infrastructure replacement program through its SAVE Rider. In May 2021, the Company filed its most recent SAVE application with the SCC to update the SAVE Plan and Rider for the period October 2021 through September 2022. In its application, Roanoke Gas requested to continue to recover the costs of the replacement of pre-1973 plastic pipe. In addition, the Company requested to include the replacement of certain regulator stations and pre-1971 coated steel pipe as qualifying SAVE projects. The updated SAVE Rider is designed to collect approximately $3.45 million in annual revenues, an increase of approximately $1.1 million from the existing SAVE Rider rates.  The Company received a final order on August 25, 2021 in which the SCC approved the Company’s requested revenue requirement.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The consolidated financial statements of Resources are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses reported in the Company’s financial statements are affected by accounting policies, estimates and assumptions that are necessary to comply with generally accepted accounting principles. Estimates used in the financial statements are derived from prior experience, statistical analysis and professional judgments. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates and assumptions.

The Company considers an estimate to be critical if it is material to the financial statements and requires assumptions to be made that were uncertain at the time the estimate was made and changes in the estimate are reasonably likely to occur from period to period. The Company considers the following accounting policies and estimates to be critical.

Regulatory accounting - The Company’s regulated operations follow the accounting and reporting requirements of FASB ASC No. 980, Regulated Operations. The economic effects of regulation can result in a regulated company deferring costs that have been or are expected to be recovered from customers in a period different from the period in which the costs would be charged to expense by an unregulated enterprise. When this occurs, costs are deferred as regulatory assets on the consolidated balance sheet and recorded as expenses in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income when such amounts are reflected in rates. Additionally, regulators can impose regulatory liabilities upon a regulated company for amounts previously collected from customers and for current collection in rates of costs that are expected to be incurred in the future.

If, for any reason, the Company ceases to meet the criteria for application of regulatory accounting treatment for all or part of its operations, the Company would remove the applicable regulatory assets or liabilities from the consolidated balance sheet and include them in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the period in which the discontinuance occurred. The write-downs of the COVID asset and ESAC assets are consistent with the provisions of ASC No 980.

Revenue recognition - Regulated utility sales and transportation revenues are based upon rates approved by the SCC. The non-gas cost component of rates may not be changed without a formal rate application and corresponding authorization by the SCC in the form of a Commission order; however, the gas cost component of rates is adjusted quarterly, or more frequently if necessary, through the PGA mechanism. When the Company files a request for a non-gas rate increase, the SCC may allow the Company to place such rates into effect subject to refund pending a final order. Under these circumstances, the Company estimates the amount of increase it anticipates will be approved based on the best available information.

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The Company also bills customers through a SAVE Rider that provides a mechanism to recover on a prospective basis the costs associated with the Company’s expected investment related to the replacement of natural gas distribution pipe and other qualifying projects. As authorized by the SCC, the Company adjusts billed revenues monthly through the application of the WNA model. As the Company's non-gas rates are established based on the 30-year temperature average, monthly fluctuations in temperature from the 30-year average could result in the recognition of more or less revenue than for what the non-gas rates were designed. The WNA authorizes the Company to adjust monthly revenues for the effects of variation in weather from the 30-year average with a corresponding entry to a WNA receivable or payable. At the end of each WNA year, the Company refunds excess revenue collected for weather that was colder than the 30-year average or bills customers for revenue short-fall resulting from weather that was warmer than normal. As required under the provisions of ASC No. 980, the Company recognizes billed revenue related to SAVE projects and from the WNA to the extent such revenues have been earned under the provisions approved by the SCC.

The Company bills its regulated natural gas customers on a monthly cycle. The billing cycle for most customers does not coincide with the accounting periods used for financial reporting. The Company accrues revenue for estimated natural gas delivered to customers but not yet billed during the accounting period. The following month, the unbilled estimate is reversed, the actual usage is billed and a new unbilled estimate is calculated. The consolidated financial statements include unbilled revenue of $1,191,227 and $1,041,518 as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The Company adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and subsequent guidance and amendments effective October 1, 2018. The adoption of the ASU did not have a significant effect on the Company's results of operations, financial position or cash flows as the new guidance resulted in essentially no change in the manner and timing in which the Company recognizes revenues. The primary operation of the Company is the sale and/or delivery of natural gas to customers (the performance obligation) based on SCC approved tariff rates (the transaction price). The Company recognizes revenue through billed and unbilled customer usage as natural gas is delivered. The Company also recognizes revenue through ARPs, including the WNA.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts - The Company evaluates the collectability of its accounts receivable balances based upon a variety of factors including loss history, level of delinquent account balances, collections on previously written off accounts and general economic conditions. The historical model used in valuing reserve for bad debts has been consistently applied over recent years and has produced reasonable estimates for valuing the potential loss on customer accounts receivable. With the arrival of COVID-19 and the unprecedented widespread impact deriving from the pandemic, including the 17 month disconnection moratorium, the estimation of the Company's bad debt reserves has become more subjective with greater reliance on qualitative assessments and judgment rather than historical patterns and tendencies.  Furthermore, the federal government has made funds available through the CARES Act and ARPA, which have materially reduced the expected uncollectable balances as of September 30, 2021.  Accordingly, based on management's evaluation, the total bad debt reserves were estimated at $242,010 as of September 30, 2021.    

The Company is committed to working with its customers during these difficult times by providing extended payment terms and assisting customers in finding other sources of financial aid.  With rising natural gas prices and lingering economic effects from the moratorium and COVID, bad debt concerns will continue into fiscal 2022.

Pension and Postretirement Benefits - The Company offers a pension plan and a postretirement plan to eligible employees. The expenses and liabilities associated with these plans, as disclosed in Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements, are based on numerous assumptions and factors, including provisions of the plans, employee demographics, contributions made to the plan, return on plan assets and various actuarial calculations, assumptions and accounting requirements. In regard to the pension plan, specific factors include assumptions regarding the discount rate used in determining future benefit obligations, expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, compensation increases and life expectancies. Similarly, the postretirement medical plan also requires the estimation of many of the same factors as the pension plan in addition to assumptions regarding the rate of medical inflation and Medicare availability. Actual results may differ materially from the results expected from the actuarial assumptions due to changing economic conditions, differences in actual returns on plan assets, different rates of medical inflation, volatility in interest rates and changes in life expectancy. Such differences may result in a material impact on the amount of expense recorded in future periods or the value of the obligations on the consolidated balance sheet.

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In selecting the discount rate to be used in determining the benefit liability, the Company utilized the FTSE Pension Discount Curve, which incorporates the rates of return on high-quality, fixed-income investments that corresponded to the length and timing of benefit streams expected under both the pension plan and postretirement plan. The Company used a discount rate of 2.73% and 2.70%, respectively, for valuing its pension plan liability and postretirement plan liability at September 30, 2021. These discount rates represent an increase from the 2.47% and 2.44% rates used for valuing the corresponding liabilities at September 30, 2020. The increase in discount rates corresponds to the inflationary pressures and current market conditions as the economy emerges from the impact of COVID. The yield on the 30-year Treasury increased from 1.46% last year to 2.08% at September 30, 2021. Corporate bond rates experienced a smaller increase as credit spreads appear to have narrowed. The rise in the discount rates was the primary factor in the reduction of the benefit obligations for both the pension and the postretirement plan. Mortality assumptions were based on the PRI-2012 Mortality Table with generational mortality improvements using Projection Scale MP-2020 for the current year valuation.

Management has continued to focus on reducing risk in the Company's defined benefit plans with a greater emphasis on pension plan risk. In 2016, the Company offered a one-time, lump-sum payout of the pension benefit to vested former employees who were not receiving payments under the plan. In 2017, the Company implemented a "soft freeze" to the pension plan whereby employees hired on or after January 1, 2017 would not be eligible to participate. Employees hired prior to that date continue to accrue benefits based on compensation and years of service. This "soft freeze" mirrored the strategy in 2000 when the Company implemented a similar freeze in its postretirement plan. In October 2020, the Company again offered a one-time lump-sum payout option of deferred pension benefits to those vested terminated employees not currently receiving pension benefits. Lump sum payments of $717,197 were made to those participants that elected this option and reduced corresponding pension liabilities by approximately $965,000.  Each of these strategies have served to limit liability growth and reduce volatility.

The Company also has focused on its asset investment strategy. A combination of funding strategy and solid investment returns have allowed pension plan assets to increase by $10.7 million over the last three years, while liabilities increased by $8.8 million during the same period primarily due to a decline in the discount rate for determining the liability from 4.11% at September 30, 2018 to 2.73% at September 30, 2021.  As of September 30, 2021, the pension plan is 103% funded compared to 94% funded in the prior year. Future pension liability growth associated with participant service and compensation is limited to employees hired prior to the freeze. With the soft freeze of the pension plan, the portion of the liability attributable to active eligible employees continuing to accrue benefits has declined from 56% of the liability as of the date of the soft freeze to 39% in fiscal 2021.  The remaining 61% of the 2021 liability is set subject to variability due to changes in the discount rate and mortality adjustments.  Since January 2017 when the pension plan froze access to new employees, the asset allocation has transitioned from a 60% equity and  40% fixed income allocation to a 30% equity and 70% fixed income allocation.  During the same period, the fixed income portion of the plan was transitioned to an LDI approach with the fixed income assets invested in securities with a duration that corresponds to the duration of the corresponding liability for benefits to be paid.  This synchronization of 70% of the pension assets with the pension liabilities will reduce volatility in the funded status of the plan as well as the corresponding expense.  The 30% allocation to equity investments provides asset growth potential to offset increases in the pension liability related to those employees continuing to accrue benefits. Management will continue to evaluate the investment allocation as the liabilities mature and make adjustments as necessary.

The Company has not made a change in investment allocation for the postretirement plan assets as increasing medical and insurance costs warrant the need for a continued higher allocation to equities for future plan asset growth potential. The postretirement plan assets increased by $2.9 million and liabilities increased by $0.6 million over the last three-year period.  As the number of participants in the postretirement plan continue to decline through attrition, management will continue to monitor and evaluate the asset allocation and adjust as warranted.

30

A summary of the funded status of both the pension and postretirement plans is provided below:

Funded status - September 30, 2021	Pension		Postretirement			Total
Benefit Obligation	$	37,654,468	$	16,796,849		$	54,451,317
Fair value of assets		38,914,107		15,882,342			54,796,449
Funded status	$	1,259,639	$	(914,507	)	$	345,132

Funded status - September 30, 2020	Pension			Postretirement			Total
Benefit Obligation	$	39,998,002		$	17,925,409		$	57,923,411
Fair value of assets		37,657,631			14,116,253			51,773,884
Funded status	$	(2,340,371	)	$	(3,809,156	)	$	(6,149,527	)

The Company annually evaluates the returns on its targeted investment allocation model as well as the overall asset allocation of its benefit plans. Understanding the volatility in the markets, the Company reviews both plans' potential long-term rate of return with its investment advisors to determine the rates used in each plan's actuarial assumptions. Under the current allocation model for the pension plan, management lowered the long-term rate of return assumption from 5.40% in fiscal 2021 to 4.75% in fiscal 2022 based on the change in the current equity allocation of the pension plan assets and the lower rate of return expected on the fixed income investments. The long-term rate of return was virtually unchanged for the postretirement plan at 4.25% as the asset allocation remains at 50% equity and 50% fixed income. Management will continue to re-evaluate the return assumptions and asset allocation and adjust both as market conditions warrant.

Management estimates that, under the current provisions regarding defined benefit pension plans, the Company will have no minimum funding requirements next year. However, the Company currently expects to contribute approximately $500,000 to its pension plan and $400,000 to its postretirement plan in fiscal 2022. The Company will continue to evaluate its benefit plan funding levels in light of funding requirements and ongoing investment returns and make adjustments, as necessary, to avoid benefit restrictions and minimize PBGC premiums.

The following schedule reflects the sensitivity of pension costs to changes in certain actuarial assumptions, assuming that the other components of the calculation remain constant.

Actuarial Assumptions - Pension Plan	Change in Assumption			Increase in Pension Cost		Increase in Projected Benefit Obligation
Discount rate		-0.25	%	$	143,000	$	1,547,000
Rate of return on plan assets		-0.25	%		96,000		N/A
Rate of increase in compensation		0.25	%		57,000		285,000

The following schedule reflects the sensitivity of postretirement benefit costs from changes in certain actuarial assumptions, while the other components of the calculation remain constant.

Actuarial Assumptions - Postretirement Plan	Change in Assumption			Increase in Postretirement Benefit Cost		Increase in Accumulated Postretirement Benefit Obligation
Discount rate		-0.25	%	$	41,000	$	652,000
Rate of return on plan assets		-0.25	%		35,000		N/A
Medical claim cost increase		0.25	%		83,000		620,000

Derivatives - The Company may hedge certain risks incurred in its operation through the use of derivative instruments. The Company applies the requirements of FASB ASC No. 815, Derivatives and Hedging, which requires the recognition of derivative instruments as assets or liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at fair value. In most instances, fair value is based upon quoted futures prices for natural gas commodities and interest rate futures for interest rate swaps. Changes in the commodity and futures markets will impact the estimates of fair value in the future. Furthermore, the actual market value at the point of realization of the derivative may be significantly different from the values used in determining fair value in prior financial statements. The Company had three interest-rate swaps outstanding at September 30, 2021 related to its three variable rate notes and two interest-rate swaps associated with delayed draw notes to be funded subsequent to fiscal 2021. See Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding the swaps.

31

Item 7A.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Not applicable.

Item 8.    Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

32

RGC Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Financial Statements

for the Years Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020

and Report of Independent

Registered Public Accounting Firm

33

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	35
Consolidated Financial Statements for the Years Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:
Consolidated Balance Sheets	37
Consolidated Statements of Income	39
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	40
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	41
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	42
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	43

34

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders

RGC Resources, Inc.

Roanoke, Virginia

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of RGC Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries (“the Company”) as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended September 30, 2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended September 30, 2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

35

Valuation of Equity Method Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC (“MVP”)

Description of the matter

As of September 30, 2021, the Company has investments in unconsolidated affiliates of $64.9 million. The majority of this amount, $64.5 million consists of an equity method investment in the Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC.  As discussed in Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company accounts for its investment in MVP under the equity method because it has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over MVP’s operating and financial policies. The Company reviews the carrying value of its investments in unconsolidated entities for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate a decline in value. When there is evidence of loss in value that is other than temporary, the Company compares the investment's carrying value to its estimated fair value to determine whether impairment has occurred.  The Company evaluated its investment in MVP for impairment and determined the fair value exceeded the carrying value at September 30, 2021. Accordingly, no impairment losses were recorded. The Company contracted a third party valuation specialist to perform a valuation of this investment as of September 30, 2021.

Auditing management’s evaluation of impairment of the equity investment in MVP was complex due to significant judgment required to determine fair value of the investment. In particular, fair value estimates of the investment in MVP were sensitive to significant assumptions, including discounted cash flows. These assumptions could be affected by factors such as adverse macroeconomic conditions or permit and litigation matters impacting MVP. Audit procedures performed to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates required a high degree of auditor judgement and increased effort.

How We Addressed the Matter in our Audit

We obtained an understanding of the Company’s equity method investment impairment evaluation process and significant assumptions described above.  In order to test this process, we performed audit procedures regarding methodologies utilized, significant assumptions, and underlying data in the analyses for completeness and accuracy. We involved valuation specialists from our firm to assist in reviewing valuation methodology and testing the discount rate assumption.

Audit procedures related to discounted future cash flows included, among others, procedures to evaluate cash flows considered in the valuation. We performed procedures to assess management’s consideration of potential changes in legal or regulatory trends and how such developments could impact significant assumptions that influence the in-service dates or viability of the project, and evaluated the sufficiency of the Company’s financial statement disclosures.

CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2006.

Blacksburg, Virginia

December 2, 2021

36

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF September 30, 2021 AND 2020

	2021			2020
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,518,317		$	291,066
Accounts receivable, net		4,949,900			3,404,044
Materials and supplies		1,031,666			1,027,191
Gas in storage		7,867,470			5,708,761
Prepaid income taxes		3,104,950			647,623
Regulatory assets		5,656,453			2,503,314
Other		1,015,099			854,562
Total current assets		25,143,855			14,436,561
UTILITY PROPERTY:
In service		272,382,539			258,342,372
Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(76,038,433	)		(71,386,537	)
In service, net		196,344,106			186,955,835
Construction work in progress		15,305,578			11,489,258
Utility plant, net		211,649,684			198,445,093
OTHER ASSETS:
Regulatory assets		6,769,759			10,970,094
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates		64,867,319			57,542,805
Benefit plan assets		1,259,639			—
Other		418,937			284,954
Total other assets		73,315,654			68,797,853
TOTAL ASSETS	$	310,109,193		$	281,679,507

(Continued)

37

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF September 30, 2021 AND 2020

	2021			2020
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Current maturities of long-term debt	$	7,000,000		$	—
Dividends payable		1,549,841			1,428,268
Accounts payable		7,729,707			4,442,182
Capital contributions payable		2,140,637			2,512,437
Customer credit balances		1,539,680			1,587,061
Customer deposits		1,571,342			1,611,476
Accrued expenses		3,819,977			3,565,210
Interest rate swaps		332,389			533,795
Regulatory liabilities		329,959			890,313
Total current liabilities		26,013,532			16,570,742
LONG-TERM DEBT:
Notes payable		116,110,200			114,975,200
Line-of-credit		17,628,897			9,143,606
Less unamortized debt issuance costs		(267,670	)		(299,175	)
Long-term debt, net		133,471,427			123,819,631
DEFERRED CREDITS AND OTHER LIABILITIES:
Interest rate swaps		863,694			1,689,761
Asset retirement obligations		7,628,958			7,180,982
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations		13,640,567			12,678,043
Benefit plan liabilities		949,851			6,149,527
Deferred income taxes		14,948,213			13,973,762
Regulatory liabilities		12,891,242			10,729,082
Total deferred credits and other liabilities		50,922,525			52,401,157
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 12)
CAPITALIZATION:
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common Stock, $5 par value; authorized 20,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 8,375,092 and 8,160,058 shares in 2021 and 2020, respectively		41,875,460			40,800,290
Preferred stock, no par; authorized 5,000,000 shares; no shares issued and outstanding in 2021 and 2020		—			—
Capital in excess of par value		19,705,387			15,847,121
Retained earnings		39,656,296			35,688,510
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(1,535,434	)		(3,447,944	)
Total stockholders’ equity		99,701,709			88,887,977
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	310,109,193		$	281,679,507

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

38

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

YEARS ENDED September 30, 2021 AND 2020

	2021		2020
OPERATING REVENUES:
Gas utility	$	75,045,103	$	62,408,925
Non utility		129,676		666,466
Total operating revenues		75,174,779		63,075,391
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Cost of gas - utility		35,179,842		23,949,481
Cost of sales - non utility		25,557		341,985
Operations and maintenance		14,476,355		16,180,229
General taxes		2,290,096		2,194,789
Depreciation and amortization		8,424,620		7,890,725
Total operating expenses		60,396,470		50,557,209
OPERATING INCOME		14,778,309		12,518,182
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate		1,667,554		4,814,874
Other income, net		912,146		636,296
Interest expense		4,051,885		4,099,158
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES		13,306,124		13,870,194
INCOME TAX EXPENSE		3,204,062		3,305,660
NET INCOME	$	10,102,062	$	10,564,534
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE:
Basic	$	1.22	$	1.30
Diluted	$	1.22	$	1.30
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING:
Basic		8,251,802		8,125,938
Diluted		8,264,904		8,146,666

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

39

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

YEARS ENDED September 30, 2021 AND 2020

	2021		2020
NET INCOME	$	10,102,062	$	10,564,534
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Interest rate swaps		763,003		(987,076	)
Defined benefit plans		1,149,507		28,049
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), NET OF TAX		1,912,510		(959,027	)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME	$	12,014,572	$	9,605,507

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

40

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

YEARS ENDED September 30, 2021 AND 2020

									Accumulated
			Capital in						Other			Total
	Common		Excess of			Retained			Comprehensive			Stockholders’
	Stock		Par Value			Earnings			Loss			Equity
Balance - September 30, 2019	$	40,366,320	$	14,397,072		$	30,821,917		$	(2,488,917	)	$	83,096,392
Net income		—		—			10,564,534			—			10,564,534
Other comprehensive loss		—		—			—			(959,027	)		(959,027	)
Exercise of stock options (29,992 shares)		149,960		289,548			—			—			439,508
Stock option grants		—		81,380			—			—			81,380
Cash dividends declared ($0.70 per share)		—		—			(5,697,941	)		—			(5,697,941	)
Issuance costs		—		(147,517	)		—			—			(147,517	)
Issuance of common stock (56,802 shares)		284,010		1,226,638			—			—			1,510,648
Balance - September 30, 2020	$	40,800,290	$	15,847,121		$	35,688,510		$	(3,447,944	)	$	88,887,977
Net income		—		—			10,102,062			—			10,102,062
Other comprehensive income		—		—			—			1,912,510			1,912,510
Exercise of stock options (9,250 shares)		46,250		91,551			—			—			137,801
Stock option grants		—		11,100			—			—			11,100
Cash dividends declared ($0.74 per share)		—		—			(6,134,276	)		—			(6,134,276	)
Issuance costs		—		(116,926	)		—			—			(116,926	)
Issuance of common stock (205,784 shares)		1,028,920		3,872,541			—			—			4,901,461
Balance - September 30, 2021	$	41,875,460	$	19,705,387		$	39,656,296		$	(1,535,434	)	$	99,701,709

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

41

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

YEARS ENDED September 30, 2021 AND 2020

	2021			2020
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	10,102,062		$	10,564,534
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operations:
Depreciation and amortization		8,669,977			8,126,427
Cost of retirement of utility plant, net		(545,443	)		(544,696	)
Stock option grants		11,100			81,380
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate		(1,667,554	)		(4,814,874	)
Allowance for funds used during construction		(55,981	)		(330,208	)
Deferred income taxes		106,188			1,122,303
Other noncash items, net		(243,496	)		1,837,089
Changes in assets and liabilities which provided (used) cash:
Accounts receivable and customer deposits, net		(1,124,860	)		53,213
Inventories and gas in storage		(2,163,184	)		734,237
Regulatory and other assets		(6,190,720	)		(677,488	)
Accounts payable, customer credit balances and accrued expenses, net		2,862,861			659,276
Regulatory liabilities		1,807,158			(3,987,290	)
Total adjustments		1,466,046			2,259,369
Net cash provided by operating activities		11,568,108			12,823,903
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Expenditures for utility property		(19,967,567	)		(22,916,339	)
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate		(6,028,760	)		(7,864,859	)
Proceeds from disposal of utility property		147,090			60,187
Net cash used in investing activities		(25,849,237	)		(30,721,011	)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Borrowings under line-of-credit		47,043,566			24,341,134
Repayments under line-of-credit		(38,558,275	)		(23,370,002	)
Proceeds from issuance of unsecured notes		8,135,000			19,463,000
Debt issuance expenses		(21,545	)		(70,750	)
Proceeds from issuance of stock		4,922,337			1,802,639
Cash dividends paid		(6,012,703	)		(5,609,195	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		15,508,380			16,556,826
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		1,227,251			(1,340,282	)
BEGINNING CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		291,066			1,631,348
ENDING CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	$	1,518,317		$	291,066
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the year for:
Interest	$	3,886,747		$	3,845,382
Income taxes		3,063,083			1,673,000

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

42

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

YEARS ENDED September 30, 2021 AND 2020

1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation—RGC Resources, Inc. is an energy services company primarily engaged in the sale and distribution of natural gas. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Resources and its wholly owned subsidiaries: Roanoke Gas, Midstream and Diversified Energy. Roanoke Gas is a natural gas utility, which distributes and sells natural gas to approximately 62,600 residential, commercial and industrial customers within its service areas in Roanoke, Virginia and the surrounding localities. The Company’s business is seasonal in nature as a majority of natural gas sales are for space heating during the winter season. Roanoke Gas is regulated by the SCC. Midstream is a wholly-owned subsidiary created primarily to invest in the Mountain Valley Pipeline project. Diversified Energy is inactive.

The Company follows accounting and reporting standards established by the FASB and the SEC, including certain provisions allowed under the smaller reporting company exceptions.

Rate Regulated Basis of Accounting—The Company’s regulated operations follow the accounting and reporting requirements of FASB ASC No. 980, Regulated Operations. The economic effects of regulation can result in a regulated company deferring costs that have been or are expected to be recovered from customers in a period different from the period in which the costs would be charged to expense by an unregulated enterprise. When this situation occurs, costs are deferred as assets in the consolidated balance sheet (regulatory assets) and recorded as expenses when such amounts are reflected in rates. Additionally, regulators can impose liabilities upon a regulated company for amounts previously collected from customers and for current collection in rates of costs that are expected to be incurred in the future (regulatory liabilities). In the event the provisions of FASB ASC No. 980 no longer apply to any or all regulatory assets or liabilities, the Company would write off such amounts and include them in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income in the period which FASB ASC No. 980 no longer applied.

43

 

Regulatory assets and liabilities included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows: 

	September 30
	2021		2020
Assets:
Current Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Accrued WNA revenues	$	8,104	$	—
Under-recovery of gas costs		5,048,164		1,733,718
Under-recovery of SAVE Plan revenues		305,502		108,550
Accrued pension and postretirement medical		206,679		576,731
Other deferred expenses		88,004		84,315
Total current		5,656,453		2,503,314
Utility Property:
In service:
Other		11,945		11,945
Construction work in progress:
AFUDC		386,189		330,208
Other Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Premium on early retirement of debt		1,484,433		1,598,620
Accrued pension and postretirement medical		5,154,713		9,156,546
Other deferred expenses		130,613		214,928
Total non-current		6,769,759		10,970,094
Total regulatory assets	$	12,824,346	$	13,815,561
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Current Liabilities:
Regulatory liabilities:
WNA	$	—	$	601,784
Deferred income taxes		329,959		205,353
Other deferred liabilities		—		83,176
Total current		329,959		890,313
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:
Asset retirement obligations		7,628,958		7,180,982
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations		13,640,567		12,678,043
Regulatory liabilities:
Deferred income taxes		12,891,242		10,729,082
Total non-current	$	34,160,767	$	30,588,107
Total regulatory liabilities	$	34,490,726	$	31,478,420

Amortization of $84,315 and $1,106,511 of regulatory assets for the years ended September 30, 2021 and  2020, respectively, is included in operations and maintenance expense on the consolidated statements of income. See Note 3 for more information.

As of September 30, 2021, the Company had regulatory assets in the amount of $12,812,401 on which the Company did not earn a return during the recovery period.

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Utility Plant and Depreciation—Utility plant is stated at original cost and includes direct labor and materials, contractor costs, and all allocable overhead charges. The Company applies the group method of accounting, where the costs of like assets are aggregated and depreciated by applying a rate based on the average expected useful life of the assets. In accordance with Company policy, expenditures for depreciable assets with a life greater than one year are capitalized, along with any upgrades or improvements to existing assets, when they significantly improve or extend the original expected useful life of an asset. Expenditures for maintenance, repairs, and minor renewals and betterments are expensed as incurred. The original cost of depreciable property retired is removed from utility plant and charged to accumulated depreciation. The cost of asset removals, less salvage, is charged to “regulatory cost of retirement obligations” or “asset retirement obligations” as explained under Asset Retirement Obligations below.

Utility plant is composed of the following major classes of assets:

	September 30
	2021		2020
Distribution and transmission	$	241,493,911	$	227,753,620
LNG storage		14,966,584		14,798,453
General and miscellaneous		15,922,044		15,790,299
Total utility plant in service	$	272,382,539	$	258,342,372

Provisions for depreciation are computed principally at composite straight-line rates over a range of periods. Rates are determined by depreciation studies which are required to be performed at least every 5 years on the regulated utility assets of Roanoke Gas. The last depreciation study was completed and approved by the SCC staff in fiscal 2019. The Company will be required to complete a new depreciation study no later than fiscal 2024. The composite weighted-average depreciation rate was 3.28% and 3.30% for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. 

The composite rates are composed of two components, one based on average service life and one based on cost of retirement. As a result, the Company accrues the estimated cost of retirement of long-lived assets through depreciation expense. These retirement costs are not a legal obligation but rather the result of cost-based regulation and are accounted for under the provisions of FASB ASC No. 980. Such amounts are classified as a regulatory liability.

The Company reviews long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. These reviews have not identified any impairments which would have a material effect on the results of operations or financial condition.

In fiscal 2020, Roanoke Gas implemented the application of AFUDC related to infrastructure investments associated with two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP. This treatment allows capitalizing both the equity and debt financing costs during the construction phases. For the years ended September 30, 2021, and 2020, the Company capitalized $14,003 and $81,629 of debt financing costs and $41,978 and $248,579 of equity financing costs, respectively, thereby affecting the interest expense and other income, net lines of the related consolidated statements of income. See Note 3 for further information.

Asset Retirement Obligations—FASB ASC No. 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations, requires entities to record the fair value of a liability for an ARO when there exists a legal obligation for the retirement of the asset. When the liability is initially recorded, the entity capitalizes the cost, thereby increasing the carrying amount of the underlying asset. In subsequent periods, the liability is accreted, and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. The Company has recorded AROs for its future legal obligations related to purging and capping its distribution mains and services upon retirement, although the timing of such retirements is uncertain.

The Company’s composite depreciation rates include a component to provide for the cost of retirement of assets. As a result, the Company accrues the estimated cost of retirement of its utility plant through depreciation expense and creates a corresponding regulatory liability. The costs of retirement considered in the development of the depreciation component include those costs associated with the legal liability. Therefore, the ARO is reclassified from the regulatory cost of retirement obligation. If the legal obligations were to exceed the regulatory liability provided for in the depreciation rates, the Company would establish a regulatory asset for such difference with the anticipation of future recovery through rates charged to customers.

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The following is a summary of the AROs:

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Beginning balance	$	7,180,982		$	6,788,683
Liabilities incurred		214,533			165,524
Liabilities settled		(160,064	)		(150,345	)
Accretion		393,507			377,120
Ending balance	$	7,628,958		$	7,180,982

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments—From time to time, the Company will have balances on deposit at banks in excess of the amount insured by the FDIC. The Company has not experienced any losses on these accounts and does not consider these amounts to be at risk. As of September 30, 2021, the Company did not have any bank deposits in excess of the FDIC insurance limits. For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Customer Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts—Accounts receivable include amounts billed to customers for natural gas sales and related services and gas sales occurring subsequent to normal billing cycles but before the end of the period. The Company provides an estimate for losses on these receivables by utilizing historical information, current account balances, account aging and current economic conditions. Customer accounts are charged off annually when deemed uncollectible or when turned over to a collection agency for action.

Due to the impact of COVID-19 on businesses and individuals, customer delinquent and past due balances increased significantly over the last two years. The allowance for doubtful accounts disclosed below has been adjusted to reflect the impact of $859,000 in pending ARPA funds.  Without the ARPA and CARES Act funds, the allowance for doubtful accounts would have been more than $1 million as of September 30, 2021. See Notes 3 and 15 for additional information.

A reconciliation of changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts is as follows: 

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Beginning balance	$	703,140		$	110,743
Provision for doubtful accounts		(400,614	)		556,112
Recoveries of accounts written off		88,893			139,113
Accounts written off		(149,409	)		(102,828	)
Ending balance	$	242,010		$	703,140

Financing Receivables—Financing receivables represent a contractual right to receive money either on demand, or on fixed or determinable dates, and are recognized as assets on the entity’s balance sheet. Trade receivables, resulting from the sale of natural gas and other services to customers, are the Company's primary type of financing receivables. These receivables are short-term in nature with a provision for uncollectible balances included in the consolidated financial statements.

Inventories—Natural gas in storage and materials and supplies inventories are recorded at average cost. Natural gas storage injections are priced at the purchase cost at the time of injection and storage withdrawals are priced at the weighted average cost of gas in storage. Materials and supplies are removed from inventory at average cost.

Unbilled Revenues—The Company bills its natural gas customers on a monthly cycle; however, the billing cycle for most customers does not coincide with the accounting periods used for financial reporting. As the Company recognizes revenue when gas is delivered, an accrual is made to estimate revenues for natural gas delivered to customers but not billed during the accounting period. The amounts of unbilled revenue receivable included in accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2021 and 2020 were $1,191,227 and $1,041,518, respectively.

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Income Taxes—Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance against deferred tax assets is provided if it is more likely than not the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company and its subsidiaries file consolidated state and federal income tax returns.

Debt Expenses—Debt issuance expenses are deferred and amortized over the lives of the debt instruments. The unamortized balances are offset against the carrying value of long-term debt.

Over/Under-Recovery of Natural Gas Costs—Pursuant to the provisions of the Company’s PGA clause, the SCC provides the Company with a method of passing along to its customers increases or decreases in natural gas costs incurred by its regulated operations, including gains and losses on natural gas derivative hedging instruments. On at least a quarterly basis, the Company files a PGA rate adjustment request with the SCC to increase or decrease the gas cost component of its rates, based on projected price and activity. Once administrative approval is received, the Company adjusts the gas cost component of its rates to reflect the approved amount. As actual costs will differ from the projections used in establishing the PGA rate, the Company may either over-recover or under-recover its actual gas costs during the period. Any difference between actual costs incurred and costs recovered through the application of the PGA is recorded as a regulatory asset or liability. At the end of the deferral period, the balance of the net deferred charge or credit is amortized over an ensuing 12-month period as amounts are reflected in customer bills.

Fair Value—Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between willing market participants at the measurement date. The Company determines fair value based on the following fair value hierarchy which prioritizes each input to the valuation methods into one of the following three broad levels:

• Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

• Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices in Level 1 that are either for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

• Level 3 – Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability where there is little, if any, market activity which require the Company to develop its own assumptions.

The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). All fair value disclosures are categorized within one of the three categories in the hierarchy. See fair value disclosures below and in Notes 9 and 13.

Use of Estimates—The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Excise and Sales Taxes—Certain excise and sales taxes imposed by the state and local governments in the Company’s service territory are collected by the Company from its customers. These taxes are accounted for on a net basis and therefore are not included as revenues in the Company’s consolidated income statements.

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Earnings Per Share—Basic EPS and diluted EPS are calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period and the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period plus dilutive potential common shares, respectively. Dilutive potential common shares are calculated in accordance with the treasury stock method, which assumes that proceeds from the exercise of all options are used to repurchase common stock at market value. The amount of shares remaining after the proceeds are exhausted represents the potentially dilutive effect of the securities. A reconciliation of basic and diluted EPS is presented below: 

	Years Ended September 30
	2021		2020
Net Income	$	10,102,062	$	10,564,534
Weighted-average common shares		8,251,802		8,125,938
Effect of dilutive securities:
Options to purchase common stock		13,102		20,728
Diluted average common shares		8,264,904		8,146,666
Earnings Per Share of Common Stock:
Basic	$	1.22	$	1.30
Diluted	$	1.22	$	1.30

Business and Credit Concentrations—The primary business of the Company is the distribution of natural gas to residential, commercial and industrial customers in its service territories.

No sales to individual customers accounted for more than 5% of total revenue in any period or amounted to more than 5% of total accounts receivable.

Roanoke Gas currently holds the only franchises and CPCNs to distribute natural gas in its service area. These franchises are effective through January 1, 2036. The Company's current CPCNs in Virginia are exclusive and are intended for perpetual duration.

Roanoke Gas is served directly by two primary pipelines that provide all of the natural gas supplied to the Company’s customers. Depending upon weather conditions and the level of customer demand, failure of one or both of these transmission pipelines could have a major adverse impact on the Company.

Derivative and Hedging Activities—FASB ASC No. 815, Derivatives and Hedging, requires the recognition of all derivative instruments as assets or liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and measurement of those instruments at fair value.

The Company’s hedging and derivatives policy allows management to enter into derivatives for the purpose of managing the commodity and financial market risks of its business operations. The Company’s hedging and derivatives policy specifically prohibits the use of derivatives for speculative purposes. The key market risks that the Company may hedge against include the price of natural gas and the cost of borrowed funds.

The Company historically has entered into collars, swaps and caps for the purpose of hedging the price of natural gas in order to provide price stability during the winter months. The fair value of these instruments is recorded in the consolidated balance sheets with the offsetting entry to either under- or over-recovery of gas costs. Net income and other comprehensive income are not affected by the change in market value as any cost incurred or benefit received from these instruments is recoverable or refunded through the PGA as the SCC allows for full recovery of prudent costs associated with natural gas purchases. At September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company had no outstanding derivative instruments for the purchase of natural gas.

The Company has five interest rate swaps associated with its variable rate debt. Roanoke Gas has a swap on its $7 million term note that effectively converts the variable interest rate into a 2.30% fixed interest rate. During fiscal 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into two delayed draw variable-rate term notes in the amounts of $15 million and $10 million, with corresponding swap agreements to convert the variable interest rates into fixed rates of 2.00% and 2.49%, respectively. Proceeds associated with the delayed draw notes were not received during the current fiscal year; therefore, the swaps associated with those notes were not effective during fiscal 2021. Midstream has two variable-rate term notes in the amount of $14 million and $10 million with corresponding swap agreements to convert the variable interest rates into fixed rates of 3.24% and 3.14%, respectively. All swaps qualify as a cash flow hedge with changes in fair value reported in other comprehensive income. Any cash flows from interest rate swaps are classified as interest expense. No portion of the swaps were deemed ineffective during the period.

See Notes 7 and 13 for additional information on the swaps and fair value.

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Non-Cash Activity — A non-cash decrease in unconsolidated affiliate and corresponding decrease in capital contributions payable of $371,800 and $2,512,387 occurred for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)—A summary of other comprehensive income is provided below:

				Tax
	Before Tax			(Expense)			Net of Tax
	Amount			or Benefit			Amount
Year Ended September 30, 2021:
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized gains	$	473,880		$	(121,978	)	$	351,902
Transfer of realized losses to interest expense		553,593			(142,492	)		411,101
Net interest rate swaps		1,027,473			(264,470	)		763,003
Defined benefit plans:
Net gains arising during period	$	1,467,879		$	(377,832	)	$	1,090,047
Amortization of actuarial losses		80,069			(20,609	)		59,460
Net defined benefit plans		1,547,948			(398,441	)		1,149,507
Other comprehensive income	$	2,575,421		$	(662,911	)	$	1,912,510
Year Ended September 30, 2020:
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(1,594,126	)	$	410,328		$	(1,183,798	)
Transfer of realized losses to interest expense		264,911			(68,189	)		196,722
Net interest rate swaps		(1,329,215	)		342,139			(987,076	)
Defined benefit plans:
Net loss arising during period	$	(52,669	)	$	13,557		$	(39,112	)
Amortization of actuarial losses		90,441			(23,280	)		67,161
Net defined benefit plans		37,772			(9,723	)		28,049
Other comprehensive loss	$	(1,291,443	)	$	332,416		$	(959,027	)

The amortization of actuarial gains or losses are included as a component of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs under other income, net.

Composition of AOCI: 

	Interest Rate Swaps			Defined Benefit Plans			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance September 30, 2019	$	(664,137	)	$	(1,824,780	)	$	(2,488,917	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(987,076	)		28,049			(959,027	)
Balance September 30, 2020		(1,651,213	)		(1,796,731	)		(3,447,944	)
Other comprehensive income		763,003			1,149,507			1,912,510
Balance September 30, 2021	$	(888,210	)	$	(647,224	)	$	(1,535,434	)

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Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. This ASU leaves the accounting for leases mostly unchanged for lessors, with the exception of targeted improvements for consistency; however, the new guidance requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with terms of more than 12 months. The ASU also revises the definition of a lease as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Under prior GAAP, the presentation and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee primarily depended on its classification as a finance or operating lease. The new ASU requires both types of leases to be recognized on the balance sheet. In addition, the new guidance includes quantitative and qualitative disclosure requirements to aid financial statement users in better understanding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-01, which provides a practical expedient that allows entities the option of not evaluating existing land easements under the new lease standard for those easements that were entered into prior to adoption. New or modified land easements will require evaluation on a prospective basis. The new guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 30, 2021 and interim periods within that annual period.

The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 and related guidance effective October 1, 2019. At the time of adoption, the Company had one operating lease. This lease, which was renewed in fiscal 2021, calls for monthly payments in the amount of $1,100 and is set to expire in September 2025. As the value of this lease obligation was determined to be de minimis and the Company has not entered into any additional lease obligations, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting For Hedging Activities. The ASU is meant to simplify recognition and presentation guidance in an effort to improve financial reporting of cash flow and fair value hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity's risk management activities. This is achieved through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships, as well as changes to the presentation of hedge results. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2019. As the Company currently has only cash flow hedges and no portion of these hedges were deemed ineffective during the periods presented, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract. This ASU reduces the complexity of accounting for costs of implementing a cloud computing service arrangement and aligns the following requirements to capitalize implementation costs: 1) those incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract, and 2) those incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software, including hosting arrangements that include an internal software license. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2019. The new guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20) - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. This ASU modifies disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2020. The new guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) - Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. In combination with 2021-01, the ASU provides temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for and recognizing the effects of reference rate change on financial reporting. The new guidance applies specifically to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR, or any other referenced rate that is expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. The new guidance is effective for the Company through December 31, 2022. The Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) Benchmark Administration, the administrator for LIBOR and other inter-bank offered rates, announced that the LIBOR rates for one-day, one-month, six-month and one-year will cease publication in  June 2023 and that no new financial contracts  may use LIBOR after  December 31, 2021. Currently, all of the Company's LIBOR based financial contracts are based on the one-month LIBOR rate. None of the holders of these financial contracts have indicated when a transition from LIBOR will occur. Accordingly, the Company does not anticipate adopting this guidance until fiscal 2022. The new guidance could result in a significant impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations, and cash flows when the reference rate is changed for related contracts.

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Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standard–setting bodies are not currently applicable to the Company or are not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

2. REVENUE

The Company assesses new contracts and identifies related performance obligations for promises to transfer distinct goods or services to the customer. Revenue is recognized when performance obligations have been satisfied. In the case of Roanoke Gas, the Company contracts with its customers for the sale and/or delivery of natural gas.

The following tables summarize revenue by customer, product and income statement classification for the years ended September 30:

	2021
	Gas utility		Non-utility		Total operating revenues
Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):
Residential	$	43,108,790	$	—	$	43,108,790
Commercial		25,217,030		—		25,217,030
Industrial and Transportation		4,973,885		—		4,973,885
Other		429,397		129,676		559,073
Total contracts with customers		73,729,102		129,676		73,858,778
Alternative Revenue Programs		1,316,001		—		1,316,001
Total operating revenues	$	75,045,103	$	129,676	$	75,174,779

	2020
	Gas utility		Non-utility		Total operating revenues
Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):
Residential	$	37,022,219	$	—	$	37,022,219
Commercial		18,387,674		—		18,387,674
Industrial and Transportation		5,188,069		—		5,188,069
Other		489,943		666,466		1,156,409
Total contracts with customers		61,087,905		666,466		61,754,371
Alternative Revenue Programs		1,321,020		—		1,321,020
Total operating revenues	$	62,408,925	$	666,466	$	63,075,391

Gas utility revenues

Substantially all of Roanoke Gas’ revenues are derived from rates authorized by the SCC through its tariffs. Based on its evaluation, the Company has concluded that these tariff-based revenues fall within the scope of ASC 606. Tariff rates represent the transaction price. Performance obligations created under these tariff-based sales include commodity (the cost of natural gas sold to customers) and delivery (transporting natural gas through the Company’s distribution system to customers). The delivery of natural gas to customers results in the satisfaction of the Company’s respective performance obligations over time.

All customers are billed monthly based on consumption as measured by metered usage. Revenue is recognized as bills are issued for natural gas that has been delivered or transported. In addition, the Company utilizes the practical expedient that allows an entity to recognize the invoiced amount as revenue, if that amount corresponds to the value received by the customer. Since customers are billed tariff rates, there is no variable consideration in the transaction price.

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Unbilled revenue is included in residential and commercial revenues in the preceding table. Natural gas consumption is estimated for the period subsequent to the last billed date and up through the last day of the month. Estimated volumes and approved tariff rates are utilized to calculate unbilled revenue. The following month, the unbilled estimate is reversed, the actual usage is billed and a new unbilled estimate is calculated. The Company obtains metered usage for industrial customers at the end of each month, thereby eliminating any unbilled consideration for these rate classes.

Other revenues

Other revenues primarily consist of miscellaneous fees and charges, utility-related revenues not directly billed to utility customers and billings for non-utility activities. Regarding these activities, the customer is invoiced monthly based on services provided. The Company utilizes the practical expedient allowing revenue to be recognized based on invoiced amounts. The transaction price is based on a contractually predetermined rate schedule; therefore, the transaction price represents total value to the customer and no variable price consideration exists.

Alternative Revenue Program revenues

ARPs, which fall outside the scope of ASC 606, are SCC approved mechanisms that allow for the adjustment of revenues for certain broad, external factors, or for additional billings if the entity achieves certain performance targets. The Company's ARPs include its WNA, which adjusts revenues for the effects of weather temperature variations as compared to the 30-year average, and the SAVE Plan over/under collection mechanism, which adjusts revenues for the differences between SAVE Plan revenues billed to customers and the revenues earned, as calculated based on the timing and extent of infrastructure replacement completed during the period. These amounts are ultimately collected from, or returned to, customers through future rate changes approved by the SCC.

Customer Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable, as reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, includes both billed and unbilled customer revenues, as well as amounts that are not related to customers. The balances of customer receivables are provided below:

	Current Assets				Current Liabilities
	Trade accounts receivable (1)		Unbilled revenue (1)		Customer credit balances			Customer deposits
September 30, 2020	$	2,343,492	$	1,041,518	$	1,587,061		$	1,611,476
September 30, 2021		3,722,916		1,191,227		1,539,680			1,571,342
Increase (decrease)	$	1,379,424	$	149,709	$	(47,381	)	$	(40,134	)

⁽¹⁾ Included in "Accounts receivable, net" in the consolidated balance sheet. Amounts shown net of reserve for bad debts.

The Company had no significant contract assets or liabilities during the period. Furthermore, the Company did not incur any significant costs to obtain contracts.

3. REGULATORY MATTERS

The SCC exercises regulatory authority over the natural gas operations of Roanoke Gas. Such regulation encompasses terms, conditions and rates to be charged to customers for natural gas service, safety standards, service extension and depreciation.

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In  May 2021, Roanoke Gas filed its most recent SAVE application with the SCC to update the SAVE Rider for the period  October 2021 through  September 2022. The application requested the continued recovery of pre-1973 plastic pipe replacement costs, as well as inclusion of the replacement of several regulator stations and pre-1971 coated steel pipe as qualifying projects. On August 25, 2021, the SCC issued its final order that approved the Company's requested $3.25 million in annual revenue, which is a $1.1 million increase over the existing SAVE Rider rates.

On January 24, 2020, the SCC issued its final order on the general rate application. Under the provisions of this order, Roanoke Gas was granted an annualized non-gas rate increase of $7.25 million and provided for a 9.44% return on equity. In March 2020, the Company completed the refund of $3.8 million for revenues collected from the interim rates in excess of the final approved rates, including interest.

The final order did not provide for a return on Roanoke Gas infrastructure investments associated with two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP; however, the order did provide for the ability to defer financing costs related to these investments for consideration of future recovery. The Company is deferring these costs through the application of AFUDC, which capitalizes both the equity and debt financing costs during the construction phases. Roanoke Gas applied AFUDC treatment retroactively to January 1, 2019, the date new non-gas rates became effective. The January 1, 2019 date was affirmed by the SCC in its October 1, 2020 order in the Company’s 2019 annual informational filing docket. Amounts capitalized are disclosed in the Utility Plant and Depreciation section of Note 1.

In 2020, Roanoke Gas accelerated amortization of the remaining balance of its ESAC assets. This acceleration was the result of the Company's preliminary earnings test for fiscal 2020. The SCC requires regulated utilities with certain regulatory assets to perform and submit an annual earnings test. Specific to ESAC assets, if the results indicate that earnings exceed the mid-point of its authorized return on equity range, the Company must write-down certain regulatory assets to the point where the actual return for the period falls to the mid-point. As Roanoke Gas' fiscal 2020 unadjusted earnings exceeded the mid-point, the Company accelerated amortization of the related ESAC assets.

The service disconnection moratorium, under which the Company has been operating since March 16, 2020 in response to COVID-19, expired August 30, 2021. During the moratorium utilities were prohibited from disconnecting customers for non-payment and from assessing late payment fees; therefore, residential customers that ordinarily would have been disconnected for non-payment continued incurring charges for gas service. As a result, the Company's arrearage balances were at historic levels prior to the application of the CARES Act funds and pending application of the ARPA funds.

In  December 2020, Roanoke Gas received $403,000 in CARES Act funds and was able to apply the funds to eligible customer accounts.

The Company applied for ARPA funds to assist its customers with their arrearages. On October 28, 2021, Roanoke Gas received SCC communication that it had qualified for and will receive ARPA funds in the amount of $858,556 pursuant to Chapter 1 of the 2021 Virginia Acts of Assembly, Special Session II. The Company's arrearage balances will be favorably impacted when these funds are received and applied to customer accounts in early fiscal 2022.  See Note 15 for additional information.

In  April 2020, the SCC issued an order allowing regulated utilities in Virginia to defer certain incremental, prudently incurred costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and to apply for recovery at a future date. Roanoke Gas deferred $217,000 in COVID-19 related costs during fiscal 2021; however, due to preliminary earnings results that were outside of the authorized range, the Company reversed the regulatory asset and recognized the COVID-19 related costs as expense in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021.

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4. SEGMENT INFORMATION

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and is evaluated regularly by the Company's chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company uses operating income and equity in earnings to assess segment performance.

Intersegment transactions are recorded at cost.

The reportable segments disclosed herein are defined as follows:

Gas Utility - The natural gas distribution segment of the Company generates revenue from its tariff rates and other regulatory mechanisms through which it provides for the sale and distribution of natural gas to its residential, commercial and industrial customers.

Investment in Affiliates - The investment in affiliates segment reflects the income generated through the activities of the Company's investment in MVP and Southgate projects.

Parent and Other - Parent and other include the unregulated activities of the Company as well as certain corporate eliminations.

Information related to the segments of the Company are provided below:

	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates			Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
For the Year Ended September 30, 2021:
Operating revenues	$	75,045,103	$	—		$	129,676	$	75,174,779
Depreciation		8,424,620		—			—		8,424,620
Operating income (loss)		14,955,375		(267,391	)		90,325		14,778,309
Equity in earnings		—		1,667,554			—		1,667,554
Interest expense		2,812,107		1,239,778			—		4,051,885
Income before income taxes		13,043,470		171,861			90,793		13,306,124
As of September 30, 2021:
Total assets	$	231,737,427	$	65,686,376		$	12,685,390	$	310,109,193
Gross additions to utility property		19,967,567		—			—		19,967,567
Gross investment in MVP and Southgate		—		6,028,760			—		6,028,760

	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates			Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
For the Year Ended September 30, 2020:
Operating revenues	$	62,408,925	$	—		$	666,466	$	63,075,391
Depreciation		7,890,725		—			—		7,890,725
Operating income (loss)		12,429,613		(220,194	)		308,763		12,518,182
Equity in earnings		—		4,814,874			—		4,814,874
Interest expense		2,730,822		1,368,336			—		4,099,158
Income before income taxes		10,350,946		3,233,233			286,015		13,870,194
As of September 30, 2020:
Total assets	$	211,994,364	$	57,660,105		$	12,025,038	$	281,679,507
Gross additions to utility property		22,916,339		—			—		22,916,339
Gross investment in MVP and Southgate		—		7,864,859			—		7,864,859

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5. OTHER INVESTMENTS

Midstream is an approximately 1% equity investment owner of the LLC constructing the MVP. Due to various legal and regulatory delays, the LLC changed its approach in seeking authorization to cross all remaining streams and wetlands on the project route. It requested individual permits from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to cross certain streams and wetlands utilizing open cut techniques and has applied to amend the MVP project's CPCN to seek FERC authority to cross certain streams and wetlands utilizing alternative trenchless construction methods. The LLC is targeting a full in-service date for the MVP project in summer 2022 at a total project cost of approximately $6.2 billion, with Midstream's total cash contribution expected to approach $65 million.

The LLC temporarily suspended accruing AFUDC on the project beginning January 1, 2021 and through March 31, 2021 due to a temporary reduction in growth construction activities. The LLC resumed accruing AFUDC beginning April 1, 2021 associated with certain growth construction activities resuming. The amount of AFUDC recognized during the current and prior years is included in the tables below.

Roanoke Gas will continue to suspend accruing AFUDC on its two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP until such time as construction activities resume on the respective gate stations. Roanoke Gas recognized $55,981 of AFUDC associated with these gate stations during the first fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2020.

In April 2018, the LLC announced the MVP Southgate project. Midstream is a less than 1% investor in the project, which is being accounted for under the cost method. Total project cost is estimated to be nearly $500 million, of which Midstream's portion is estimated to be approximately $2.1 million. The LLC is targeting the commencement of the MVP Southgate construction in 2022 and placing the MVP Southgate in-service during the spring of 2023.

Funding for Midstream's investments in the LLC for both the MVP and Southgate projects is being provided through two variable rate unsecured promissory notes, under a non-revolving credit agreement maturing in December 2022, and two additional notes issued in June 2019. See Note 7 for a schedule of debt instruments.

The Company will participate in the earnings generated from the transportation of natural gas through both pipelines proportionate to its level of investment once the pipelines are placed in service.

Midstream utilized a third-party business valuation specialist to assist in Management's assessment of the MVP investment in accordance with ASC 323, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures. As a result of its evaluation, including consideration of the valuation specialist's report,  management has concluded that the investment is not currently impaired as of September 30, 2021. Furthermore, the LLC has conducted its own evaluation of the project and has also concluded that no impairment exists as of September 30, 2021. Management will continue monitoring the status of the project for circumstances that may lead to future impairment, including any significant delays or denials of necessary permits and approvals. If necessary, the amount and timing of any future impairment would be dependent on the specific circumstances at the time of evaluation.

The investments in the LLC are included in the consolidated financial statements as follows:

	September 30
Balance Sheet location:	2021		2020
Other Assets:
MVP	$	64,462,194	$	57,183,063
Southgate		405,125		359,742
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	$	64,867,319	$	57,542,805
Current Liabilities:
MVP	$	2,139,696	$	2,501,883
Southgate		941		10,554
Capital contributions payable	$	2,140,637	$	2,512,437

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	Years Ended September 30
Income Statement location:	2021		2020
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	$	1,667,554	$	4,814,874

	September 30
	2021		2020
Undistributed earnings, net of income taxes, of MVP in retained earnings	$	8,081,027	$	6,842,702

The change in the investment in unconsolidated affiliates is provided below:

	September 30
	2021			2020
Cash investment	$	6,028,760		$	7,864,859
Change in accrued capital calls		(371,800	)		(2,512,387	)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate		1,667,554			4,814,874
Change in investment in unconsolidated affiliates	$	7,324,514		$	10,167,346

Summary unaudited financial statements of MVP are presented below. Southgate financial statements, which are accounted for under the cost method, are not included:

	Income Statements
	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
AFUDC	$	165,048,237		$	479,586,911
Net other income (expense)		(388,436	)		714,128
Net income	$	164,659,801		$	480,301,039

	Balance Sheets
	September 30
	2021		2020
Assets:
Current assets	$	208,961,113	$	513,713,429
Construction work in progress		6,281,991,035		5,536,248,668
Other assets		980,410		4,597,441
Total assets	$	6,491,932,558	$	6,054,559,538
Liabilities and Equity:
Current liabilities	$	200,441,027	$	187,581,804
Noncurrent liabilities		13,000		245,000
Capital		6,291,478,531		5,866,732,734
Total liabilities and equity	$	6,491,932,558	$	6,054,559,538

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6. LINE-OF-CREDIT

On March 25, 2021, Roanoke Gas renewed its unsecured line-of-credit agreement for a two-year term expiring March 31, 2023 with a maximum borrowing limit of $40 million.  Amounts drawn against the agreement are considered to be non-current as the balance under the line-of-credit is not subject to repayment within the next 12-month period.  The agreement has a variable-interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points and an availability fee of 15 basis points and provides multi-tiered borrowing limits associated with the seasonal borrowing demands of the Company.  The Company's total available borrowing limits during the term of the agreement range from $14 million to $40 million.

The Company's total available borrowing limits for the remaining term are as follows:

	Available
As of	Line-of-Credit
September 30, 2021	$	32,000,000
March 1, 2022		25,000,000
July 20, 2022		32,000,000
October 19, 2022		40,000,000
March 1, 2023		34,000,000

A summary of the line-of-credit follows:

	September 30
	2021			2020
Available line-of-credit at year-end	$	32,000,000		$	19,000,000
Outstanding balance at year-end		17,628,897			9,143,606
Highest month-end balance outstanding		17,628,897			12,983,210
Average daily balance		10,042,073			3,286,033
Average rate of interest during year on outstanding balances		1.12	%		2.16	%
Interest rate at year-end		1.08	%		1.15	%
Interest rate on unused line-of-credit		0.15	%		0.15	%

Associated with the line-of-credit is a credit agreement that contains various representations, warranties and covenants including a requirement that the Company maintain an interest coverage ratio of not less than 1.5 to 1 and a long-term debt to long-term capitalization ratio of less than 65%.

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7. LONG-TERM DEBT

On October 29, 2021 Midstream entered into an unsecured promissory note in the principal amount of $8 million with an interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 115 basis points maturing December 1, 2027. Related to this note, Midstream also entered into an interest rate swap agreement that effectively converts the variable rate note into a fixed rate instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.443%. The loan will convert into an installment loan with principal pay-down beginning in fiscal 2023. In addition, this note reduces the borrowing capacity defined by the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement and related Promissory Notes. The total borrowing capacity declined from $41 million to $33 million effective with the new promissory note.  All other terms of the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement remain unchanged.

On September 24, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into a Loan Agreement ("Agreement") and an unsecured Delayed Draw Promissory Note in the principal amount of $10 million ("Promissory Note"). Under the provisions of the Agreement, Roanoke Gas will receive a first advance of $5 million on or about April 1, 2022 with the remaining $5 million received on or about October 1, 2022. The Promissory Note has an interest rate of 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points and a maturity date of October 1, 2028. The proceeds from this Promissory Note will be used to finance Roanoke Gas' infrastructure enhancement and replacement projects.  Also, on September 24, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into an interest rate swap agreement for $10 million corresponding to the term and draw provisions of the Agreement, which effectively converts the variable rate Promissory Note to a fixed instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.49%.

On August 20, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into an unsecured Delayed Draw Term Note in the principal amount of $15 million ("Term Note") with an interest rate of 1.20% above 30-day SOFR Average per annum maturing on August 20, 2026. In connection with the Term Note, Roanoke Gas also entered into the Sixth Amendment to its Credit Agreement ("Amendment"), which amends the original Credit Agreement with the corresponding bank dated March 31, 2016 and all subsequent amendments. The Amendment aligns the termination date and the maximum principal amount available under the Term Note and retains all other terms and requirements of prior credit agreements. The proceeds from this Term Note will be used to finance Roanoke Gas' infrastructure enhancement and replacement projects, as well as to refinance a portion of its existing debt. Also, on August 20, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into an interest rate swap agreement for $15 million corresponding to the duration of the Term Note, which effectively converts the variable rate note to a fixed rate instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.00%. The Term Note funded in full on October 1, 2021.  

Roanoke Gas also has other unsecured notes at varying fixed interest rates as well as a variable-rate note with interest based on 30-day LIBOR plus 90 basis points. The variable rate note is hedged by a swap agreement, which converts the debt into a fixed-rate instrument with an annual interest rate of 2.30%.

Midstream has two variable rate notes in the amounts of $14 million and $10 million that are hedged by swap agreements, which effectively convert the interest rates to 3.24% and 3.14%, respectively.

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Long-term debt consists of the following:

	September 30
	2021					2020
	Principal			Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs		Principal		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs
Roanoke Gas:
Unsecured senior notes payable, at 4.26%, due September 18, 2034	$	30,500,000		$	125,502	$	30,500,000	$	135,157
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 0.90%, due November 1, 2021		7,000,000			278		7,000,000		3,613
Unsecured term notes payable, at 3.58% due October 2, 2027		8,000,000			28,896		8,000,000		33,712
Unsecured term notes payable at 4.41%, due March 28, 2031		10,000,000			29,760		10,000,000		32,892
Unsecured term notes payable at 3.60%, due December 6, 2029		10,000,000			29,062		10,000,000		32,585
Unsecured delayed draw notes payable		—			21,545		—		—
Midstream:
Unsecured term notes payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35% due December 29, 2022		33,610,200			14,904		25,475,200		38,728
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.15%, due June 12, 2026		14,000,000			11,437		14,000,000		13,844
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.20%, due June 1, 2024		10,000,000			6,286		10,000,000		8,644
Total notes payable, current and noncurrent	$	123,110,200		$	267,670	$	114,975,200	$	299,175
Line-of-credit, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%, due March 31, 2023		17,628,897			—		9,143,606		—
Total long-term debt	$	140,739,097		$	267,670	$	124,118,806	$	299,175
Less: current maturities of long-term debt		(7,000,000	)		—		—		—
Total long-term debt, net current maturities	$	133,739,097		$	267,670	$	124,118,806	$	299,175

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Debt issuance costs are amortized over the life of the related debt. As of September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company also had an unamortized loss on the early retirement of debt of $1,484,433 and $1,598,620, respectively, which has been deferred as a regulatory asset and is being amortized over a 20 year period.

All of the debt agreements set forth certain representations, warranties and covenants to which the Company is subject, including financial covenants that require the ratio of long-term debt to long-term capitalization to not exceed 65%. All of the debt agreements except for the line-of-credit provide for priority indebtedness to not exceed 15% of consolidated total assets. The Company was in compliance with all debt covenants as of September 30, 2021 and 2020.

The aggregate annual maturities of long-term debt for the next five years ending after September 30, 2021 are as follows:

Year Ending September 30	Maturities
2022	$	7,000,000
2023		51,239,097
2024		10,000,000
2025		—
2026		14,000,000
Thereafter		58,500,000
Total	$	140,739,097

8. INCOME TAXES

Under the provisions of ASC 740 - Income Taxes, the deferred tax assets and liabilities of the Company were revalued in fiscal 2018 to reflect the reduction in the corporate federal income tax rate.  As a result of the revaluation, the excess deferred income taxes of the regulated operations of Roanoke Gas were reclassified to a regulatory liability.  The excess deferred taxes related to the depreciable property are being returned to customers through reduced billings over the remaining weighted average useful life of the property with a corresponding reduction in income tax expense. The excess deferred taxes related to the other regulatory basis differences are being collected from customers over a five year period.

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During fiscal 2021, the Company engaged an outside firm to conduct a study of its activities that would qualify for the Research and Development ("R&D") credit under 26 U.S. Code § 41 - Credit for increasing research activities.  Upon completion of this study, the Company filed amended federal income tax returns for the 2017, 2018 and 2019 fiscal years to claim the R&D tax credit.  The Company also filed for the R&D tax credit on its fiscal 2020 federal income tax return.  The total credits claimed on the income tax returns amounted to $3,169,656, which was offset by an increase of $636,694 in income tax resulting from the add back to taxable income of an amount equal to the total tax credits claimed for the 2017, 2018 and 2019 fiscal years.  The Company deferred the remaining tax credits as a regulatory liability because they related to utility plant.  These credits will be amortized over the 20 year tax-life of the related utility plant.  A portion of these tax credits were generated as a result of expenditures that qualify under the SAVE Plan and are subject to return to customers through a reduction in the corresponding SAVE rates in future periods.  Annual amortization of the tax credits is expected to be approximately $124,000 with a reduction in annual SAVE revenues of approximately $40,000.

The Company also applied for a Virginia State tax credit related to the R&D study. The amount to be awarded has not yet been determined and therefore is not included in the consolidated financial statements at this time.

The current year tax expense includes the recognition of a federal solar tax credit and Virginia Neighborhood Assistance Tax Credits.

The details of income tax expense are as follows: 

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Current income taxes:
Federal	$	2,527,997		$	1,841,124
State		569,877			342,233
Total current income taxes		3,097,874			2,183,357
Deferred income taxes:
Federal		(137,159	)		644,682
State		243,347			477,621
Total deferred income taxes		106,188			1,122,303
Total income tax expense	$	3,204,062		$	3,305,660

Income tax expense for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 differed from amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate to earnings before income taxes due to the following:

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Income before income taxes	$	13,306,124		$	13,870,194
Corporate federal income tax rate		21	%		21	%
Income tax expense computed at the federal statutory rate	$	2,794,286		$	2,912,741
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit		642,447			647,685
Net amortization of excess deferred taxes on regulated operations		(162,228	)		(162,228	)
Tax benefit recognized on stock compensation		(4,099	)		(114,984	)
Tax credits		(86,839	)		—
Other, net		20,495			22,446
Total income tax expense	$	3,204,062		$	3,305,660

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The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows:

	September 30
	2021		2020
Deferred tax assets:
Allowance for uncollectibles	$	62,292	$	180,986
Accrued pension and postretirement medical benefits		195,044		651,356
Regulatory effect of change in federal income tax rate		2,761,667		2,814,525
Accrued paid time off		137,175		140,635
Cost of gas held in storage		753,344		604,962
Deferred compensation		915,749		992,605
Interest rate swaps		307,873		572,343
Accrued gas cost		289,801		—
Other		98,642		97,564
Total gross deferred tax assets	$	5,521,587	$	6,054,976
Deferred tax liabilities:
Utility plant	$	18,643,863	$	18,310,474
MVP investment		1,825,937		1,693,075
Other		—		25,189
Total gross deferred tax liabilities	$	20,469,800	$	20,028,738
Net deferred tax liability	$	14,948,213	$	13,973,762

FASB ASC No. 740 - Income Taxes provides for the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recognized in the financial statements. The Company has evaluated its tax positions and accordingly has not identified any significant uncertain tax positions. In regard to the R&D tax credit, the firm engaged to conduct the study has done numerous such projects with successful outcomes with the IRS.  The Company’s policy is to classify interest associated with uncertain tax positions as interest expense in the financial statements. Penalties are netted against other income.

The Company files a consolidated federal income tax return and state income tax returns in Virginia and West Virginia. With the amendment of the federal returns for fiscal 2017, 2018 and 2019, these years will remain open for three more years. The federal returns and the state returns for Virginia for the tax years ended prior to September 30, 2017 are no longer subject to examination.  The state returns for West Virginia prior to September 30, 2018 are no longer subject to examination.

9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

The Company sponsors both a noncontributory pension plan and a postretirement plan. The pension plan covers all employees hired prior to January 2017 and benefits fully vest after 5 years of credited service. Benefits paid to retirees are based on age at retirement, years of service and average compensation. Effective January 1, 2017, a "soft freeze" to the pension plan was implemented, and employees hired on or after that date are no longer eligible to participate. Commensurate with the "soft freeze" in the pension plan, the Company amended its 401(k) Plan, allowing management to authorize a discretionary contribution to the 401(k) account for those employees hired on or after January 1, 2017. The amount, if any, of this discretionary contribution would be determined each year and would be applied to the eligible employees at the end of the calendar year. This Company contribution would be in addition to any employee elected deferrals and employer match as provided for under the 401(k) Plan.

The postretirement plan provides certain health care, supplemental retirement and life insurance benefits to retired employees who meet specific age and service requirements. Employees hired prior to January 1, 2000 are eligible to participate in the postretirement plan. Employees must have a minimum of 10 years of service and retire after attaining the age of 55 in order to vest in the postretirement plan. Retiree contributions to the plan are based on the number of years of service to the Company as determined under the pension plan.

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Employers who sponsor defined benefit plans must recognize the funded status of defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans as an asset or liability in their statements of financial position and recognize changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occur through comprehensive income. For pension plans, the benefit obligation is the projected benefit obligation, and for other postretirement plans, the benefit obligation is the accumulated benefit obligation. The Company established a regulatory asset for the portion of the obligation expected to be recovered through rates in future periods. The regulatory asset is adjusted for the recognition of actuarial gains and losses. The portion of the obligation attributable to the unregulated operations of the holding company is recognized in other comprehensive income, with actuarial gains and losses recognized using the corridor method.

The following tables set forth the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, the funded status of the plans, amounts recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the assumptions used:

	Pension Plan						Postretirement Plan
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Accumulated benefit obligation	$	33,341,841		$	34,821,069		$	16,796,849		$	17,925,409
Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	39,998,002		$	35,550,987		$	17,925,409		$	18,030,399
Service cost		734,282			691,602			140,691			167,879
Interest cost		975,139			1,062,227			430,490			531,480
Actuarial loss (gain)		(2,237,486	)		3,620,400			(1,109,181	)		(325,269	)
Benefit payments, net of retiree contributions		(1,815,469	)		(927,214	)		(590,560	)		(479,080	)
Benefit obligation at end of year	$	37,654,468		$	39,998,002		$	16,796,849		$	17,925,409
Change in fair value of plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	$	37,657,631		$	33,586,671		$	14,116,253		$	13,082,610
Actual return on plan assets, net of taxes		2,571,945			4,198,174			1,956,649			1,112,723
Employer contributions		500,000			800,000			400,000			400,000
Benefit payments, net of retiree contributions		(1,815,469	)		(927,214	)		(590,560	)		(479,080	)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	$	38,914,107		$	37,657,631		$	15,882,342		$	14,116,253
Funded status	$	1,259,639		$	(2,340,371	)	$	(914,507	)	$	(3,809,156	)
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheet consist of:
Noncurrent assets	$	1,259,639		$	—		$	—		$	—
Noncurrent liabilities		—			(2,340,371	)		(914,507	)		(3,809,156	)
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Net actuarial loss, net of tax	$	527,720		$	1,181,744		$	119,504		$	614,987
Total amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	$	527,720		$	1,181,744		$	119,504		$	614,987
Amounts deferred to a regulatory asset:
Net actuarial loss	$	4,562,834		$	6,977,944		$	798,558		$	2,755,333
Amounts recognized as regulatory assets	$	4,562,834		$	6,977,944		$	798,558		$	2,755,333

During fiscal 2021, the Company offered a one-time, lump sum pay out option for vested, terminated employees not currently receiving payments under the pension plan. The lump sum offer was accepted by 17 eligible participants resulting in a distribution of $717,197 in plan assets with a corresponding reduction in the benefit plan obligation.

The Company expects that an approximately $60,000 credit, before tax, of AOCI will be recognized in net periodic benefit costs in fiscal 2022 and approximately $207,000 of amounts deferred as regulatory assets will be amortized and recognized in net periodic benefit costs in fiscal 2022.

The reduction in the benefit obligations for both the pension plan and postretirement plan was primarily attributed to actuarial gains resulting from the increase in the discount rate used to calculate the benefit obligations and improvement in the mortality scale.

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The following table details the actuarial assumptions used in determining the projected benefit obligations and net benefit cost of the pension and the accumulated benefit obligations and net benefit cost of the postretirement plan:

	Pension Plan						Postretirement Plan
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:
Discount rate		2.73	%		2.47	%		2.70	%		2.44	%
Expected rate of compensation increase		4.00	%		4.00	%		N/A			N/A
Assumptions used to determine benefit costs:
Discount rate		2.47	%		3.03	%		2.44	%		3.00	%
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets		5.40	%		5.50	%		4.25	%		4.26	%
Expected rate of compensation increase		4.00	%		4.00	%		N/A			N/A

To develop the expected long-term rate of return on assets assumption, the Company, with input from the Plans' actuaries and investment advisors, considered the historical returns and the future expectations for returns for each asset class, as well as the target asset allocation of each plan’s portfolio.

Components of net periodic benefit cost are as follows:

	Pension Plan						Postretirement Plan
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Service cost	$	734,282		$	691,602		$	140,691		$	167,879
Interest cost		975,139			1,062,227			430,490			531,480
Expected return on plan assets		(2,015,743	)		(1,836,623	)		(596,488	)		(550,394	)
Recognized loss		502,141			455,744			154,659			237,371
Net periodic benefit cost	$	195,819		$	372,950		$	129,352		$	386,336

Service cost is included in operation and maintenance expense of the consolidated income statement. All other components of net periodic benefit costs are included in the other income, net line.

The assumed health care cost trend rates used in measuring the accumulated benefit obligation for the postretirement plan are presented below:

	Pre 65						Post 65
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year		6.50	%		7.00	%		5.20	%		5.20	%
Rate to which the cost trend is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)		5.50	%		5.50	%		5.20	%		5.20	%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate	2023			2023			2021			2020

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The health care cost trend rate assumptions could have a significant effect on the amounts reported. A change of 1% would have the following effects: 

	1% Increase		1% Decrease
Effect on total service and interest cost components	$	111,000	$	(88,000	)
Effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation		2,575,000		(2,106,000	)

The primary objectives of both plans' investment policies are to maintain investment portfolios that diversify risk through prudent asset allocation parameters, achieve asset returns that meet or exceed the corresponding actuarial assumptions and meet expected future benefits in both the short-term and long-term. The Company's pension plan allocation approach seeks to match the duration of the fixed income portion of the portfolio with the duration of the plan's liabilities. Such a match is designed to reduce the overall volatility in the pension plan relative to the funded status. The 30% equity allocation in the pension plan provides for potential returns to offset growth in the liabilities as eligible participants continue to accrue benefits.

Based on its most recent evaluation of returns for the asset classes within each plan's investment portfolio, the Company set the expected long-term rate of return for the pension plan and the postretirement plan for fiscal 2022 at 4.75% and 4.24% respectively.

The Company’s target and actual asset allocation in the pension and postretirement plans as of September 30, 2021 and 2020 were: 

	Pension Plan									Postretirement Plan
	Target			2021			2020			Target			2021			2020
Asset category:
Equity securities		30	%		30	%		30	%		50	%		49	%		51	%
Debt securities		70	%		69	%		69	%		50	%		50	%		48	%
Cash		—	%		1	%		1	%		—	%		1	%		1	%
Other		—	%		—	%		—	%		—	%		—	%		—	%

The plans assets are invested in mutual funds. The Company uses the fair value hierarchy described in Note 1 to classify these assets. The mutual funds are included under Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy as their fair values are determined based on individual prices for each security that comprises the mutual funds. The common and collective trust funds are included under Level 2. The following tables contains the fair value classifications of the plans' assets:

			Pension Plan
			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2021
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Asset Class:
Cash	$	429,764	$	429,764	$	—	$	—
Common and Collective Trust and Pooled Funds:
Bonds
Liability Driven Investment		26,898,651		—		26,898,651		—
Equities
Domestic Large Cap Growth		3,430,962		—		3,430,962		—
Domestic Large Cap Value		3,480,915		—		3,480,915		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core		1,752,186		—		1,752,186		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		1,561,512		—		1,561,512		—
Mutual Funds:
Equities
Foreign Large Cap Growth		1,071,719		1,071,719		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		288,398		288,398		—		—
Total	$	38,914,107	$	1,789,881	$	37,124,226	$	—

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			Pension Plan
			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Asset Class:
Cash	$	339,287	$	339,287	$	—	$	—
Common and Collective Trust and Pooled Funds:
Bonds
Liability Driven Investment		26,038,966		—		26,038,966		—
Equities
Domestic Large Cap Growth		3,462,841		—		3,462,841		—
Domestic Large Cap Value		3,351,694		—		3,351,694		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core		1,665,005		—		1,665,005		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		1,473,427		—		1,473,427		—
Mutual Funds:
Equities
Foreign Large Cap Growth		1,047,274		1,047,274		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		279,137		279,137		—		—
Total	$	37,657,631	$	1,665,698	$	35,991,933	$	—

			Postretirement Plan
			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2021
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Asset Class:
Cash	$	157,957	$	157,957	$	—	$	—
Mutual Funds:
Bonds
Domestic Fixed Income		7,109,967		7,109,967		—		—
Foreign Fixed Income		757,422		757,422		—		—
Equities
Domestic Large Cap Growth		2,346,401		2,346,401		—		—
Domestic Large Cap Value		2,361,583		2,361,583		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Growth		295,628		295,628		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Value		248,317		248,317		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core		557,739		557,739		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Growth		594,573		594,573		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		1,352,329		1,352,329		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Core		85,871		85,871		—		—
Other		14,555		—		14,555		—
Total	$	15,882,342	$	15,867,787	$	14,555	$	—

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			Postretirement Plan
			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Asset Class:
Cash	$	73,908	$	73,908	$	—	$	—
Mutual Funds:
Bonds
Domestic Fixed Income		6,163,808		6,163,808		—		—
Foreign Fixed Income		638,709		638,709		—		—
Equities
Domestic Large Cap Growth		2,197,839		2,197,839		—		—
Domestic Large Cap Value		2,119,433		2,119,433		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Growth		262,726		262,726		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Value		235,216		235,216		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core		552,607		552,607		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Growth		548,967		548,967		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		1,224,420		1,224,420		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Core		77,471		77,471		—		—
Other		21,149		—		21,149		—
Total	$	14,116,253	$	14,095,104	$	21,149	$	—

Each mutual fund or common collective trust fund has been categorized based on its primary investment strategy.

The Company expects to contribute $500,000 to its pension plan and $400,000 to its postretirement plan in fiscal 2022.

The following table reflects expected future benefit payments:

	Pension		Postretirement
Fiscal year ending September 30	Plan		Plan
2022	$	1,095,464	$	730,324
2023		1,154,843		740,565
2024		1,221,199		717,641
2025		1,371,276		721,176
2026		1,487,113		717,684
2027 - 2031		8,715,094		3,697,782

The Company established an NQDC Plan in fiscal 2021. The NQDC Plan is an unfunded, nonqualified benefit plan offered to select members of senior management not eligible to participate in the pension plan.  Under the NQDC Plan, participants have the right to defer a percentage of base salary as well as receive discretionary credits from the Company. The Company's discretionary credits vest over time.  Any benefits distributed from the NQDC Plan plan are paid from the general assets of the Company.  As the plan is unfunded, the balance reflected in the table below is a noncurrent liability included in the benefit plan liabilities line on the consolidated balance sheet. 

	2021			2020
Beginning deferred compensation balance	$	—		$	—
Employer contributions		48,100			—
Participant contributions		—			—
Earnings		2,297			—
Distributions		(15,053	)		—
Ending deferred compensation balance	$	35,344		$	—

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The Company sponsors a 401k Plan covering all employees who elect to participate. Employees may contribute from 1% to 50% of their annual compensation to the 401k Plan, limited to a maximum annual amount as set periodically by the IRS. The Company matches 100% of the participant’s first 4% of contributions and 50% on the next 2% of contributions. The Company also provided discretionary contributions for employees hired on or after January 1, 2017. The following table reflects the Company's contributions:

	Years Ended September 30
	2021		2020
Matching contribution	$	383,340	$	364,773
Discretionary contribution		43,093		18,313

10. COMMON STOCK OPTIONS

The KESOP provides for the issuance of common stock options to officers and certain other full-time salaried employees to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock. As of September 30, 2021, the number of shares available for future grants was 20,000.

FASB ASC No. 718 - Compensation-Stock Compensation requires that compensation expense be recognized for the issuance of equity instruments to employees. During the fiscal year ended 2021, the Board approved stock option grants to certain officers. As required by the KESOP, each option's exercise price per share equaled the fair value of the Company's common stock on the grant date. Pursuant to the plan, the options vest over a six-month period and are exercisable over a ten-year period from the date of issuance.

As the Company's stock options are not traded on the open market, the fair value of each grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model including the following assumptions:

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Expected volatility		32.05	%		31.53	%
Expected dividends		2.75	%		2.74	%
Expected exercise term (years)		7			7
Risk-free interest rate		1.24	%		0.51	%

The underlying methods regarding each assumption are as follows:

Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the daily closing price of the Company's common stock.

Expected dividend rate is based on historical dividend payout trends.

Expected exercise term is based on the average time historical option grants were outstanding before being exercised.

Risk-free interest rate is based on the 7-year Treasury rate on the date of option grant.

Forfeitures are recognized when they occur.

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Stock option transactions under the Company's plans are summarized below.

	Number of Shares			Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Terms (years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value1
Options outstanding, September 30, 2019		68,492		$	14.91		6.2	$	981,170
Options granted		13,000			27.87
Options exercised		(29,992	)		14.65
Options expired		—			—
Options forfeited		—			—
Options outstanding, September 30, 2020		51,500		$	18.34		6.4	$	320,797
Options granted		3,000			22.93
Options exercised		(9,250	)		14.90
Options expired		—			—
Options forfeited		—			—
Options outstanding, September 30, 2021		45,250		$	19.34		6.0	$	213,898
Vested and exercisable at September 30, 2021		45,250		$	19.34		6.0	$	213,898

¹ Aggregate intrinsic value includes only those options where the exercise price is below the market price.

	Years Ended September 30
	2021		2020
Weighted-average grant date option fair value	$	5.55	$	6.26
Stock option expense		11,100		81,380
Intrinsic value of options exercised		70,297		411,638
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		137,802		439,509

11. OTHER STOCK PLANS

Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan

The Company offers a DRIP Plan to shareholders of record for the reinvestment of dividends and the purchase of up to $100,000 per year in additional shares of common stock of the Company. Under the DRIP, the Company issued 29,604 and 28,191 shares in 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had 332,719 shares of stock available for issuance under the DRIP.

Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors

The Board of Directors of the Company implemented the RSPD in 1997. Under the RSPD, each director may elect annually to have up to 100% of his or her fees paid in shares of common stock ("Director Restricted Stock"); however, a minimum of 40% of the monthly retainer fee must be paid to each non-employee director of Resources in shares of Director Restricted Stock until such time as the director has accumulated at least 10,000 shares. The number of shares of Director Restricted Stock awarded each month is determined based on the closing sales price of Resources' common stock on the NASDAQ Global Market on the first business day of the month. The Director Restricted Stock issued under the Plan vests only in the case of a participant's death, disability, retirement, or in the event of a change in control of Resources. The Director Restricted Stock may not be sold, transferred, assigned or pledged by the participant until the shares have vested under the terms of the Plan. The shares of Director Restricted Stock will be forfeited to Resources by a participant's voluntary resignation during his or her term on the Board or removal for cause as a director.

The Company assumes all directors will complete their term and there will be no forfeiture of the Director Restricted Stock. Since the inception of the RSPD, no director has forfeited any shares of Director Restricted Stock. The Company recognizes as compensation the market value of the Director Restricted Stock in the period it is issued.

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The following table reflects the director compensation activity pursuant to the Plan:

	2021				2020
	Shares		Weighted-Average Fair Value on Date of Grant		Shares			Weighted-Average Fair Value on Date of Grant
Beginning of year balance		99,070	$	14.06		104,680		$	12.51
Granted		11,374		23.67		9,193			26.28
Vested		—		—		(14,803	)		10.68
Forfeited		—		—		—			—
End of year balance		110,444	$	15.05		99,070		$	14.06

The fair market value of the Director Restricted Stock included in compensation during fiscal 2021 and 2020 was $269,200 and $241,617, respectively. No Director Restricted Stock was forfeited during fiscal 2021 or 2020.

As of September 30, 2021, the Company had 35,937 shares available for issuance under the RSPD.

RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan

The Board of Directors of the Company implemented the RSPO in 2017 as approved by shareholders. Under the RSPO, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors may grant shares of common stock ("Officer Restricted Stock") that vest over time to key employees and officers for the purpose of attracting and retaining those individuals essential to the operation and growth of the Company. The RSPO provides for certain restrictions and non-transferability requirements until minimum levels of ownership are obtained. Such restrictions may continue beyond the vesting period.

The Company assumes all officers will complete their requirements and there will be no forfeiture of the Officer Restricted Stock.

The following table reflects the officer compensation activity pursuant to the RSPO:

	2021					2020
	Shares			Weighted-Average Fair Value on Date of Grant		Shares			Weighted-Average Fair Value on Date of Grant
Beginning of year balance		6,815		$	28.55		10,185		$	28.65
Granted		16,656			24.21		14,951			28.17
Vested		(11,635	)		25.77		(18,321	)		28.30
Forfeited		—			—		—			—
End of year balance		11,836		$	25.17		6,815		$	28.55

The fair market value of the Officer Restricted Stock included as compensation during fiscal 2021 and 2020 was $366,869 and $450,677, respectively. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had 396,357 shares available for issuance under the RSPO.

Stock Bonus Plan

Shares from the Stock Bonus Plan may be issued to certain employees and management personnel in recognition of their performance and service. Under the Stock Bonus Plan, the Company issued no shares in 2021 and 2020. As of  September 30, 2021 the Company had 4,785 shares of stock available for issuance under the Stock Bonus Plan. The Stock Bonus Plan is currently inactive.

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12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Long-Term Contracts

Due to the nature of the natural gas distribution business, Roanoke Gas enters into agreements with suppliers and pipelines to contract for natural gas commodity purchases, storage capacity and pipeline delivery capacity. Roanoke Gas obtains most of its natural gas supply through a third party asset management contract. Roanoke Gas utilizes an asset manager to optimize the use of its transportation, storage rights and gas supply inventories, which helps to ensure a secure and reliable source of natural gas. Under the current asset management contract, Roanoke Gas has designated the asset manager to act as agent for its storage capacity and all gas balances in storage. Roanoke Gas retains ownership of gas in storage. Under provisions of this contract, Roanoke Gas is obligated to purchase its winter storage requirements from the asset manager during the spring and summer injection periods at market price. The table below details the volumetric obligations as of September 30, 2021 for the remainder of the contract period. The current asset management contract was renewed in August 2021 for a one year period which will expire in March 2023. The contract was renewed at essentially the same terms and conditions as the prior agreement, except the utilization fee retained by Roanoke Gas increased.

	Natural Gas Contracts
Year	(In DTHs)
2021-2022		2,320,859
2022-2023		295,866
Total		2,616,725

In addition to the volumetric commitment above, the Company also has a fixed price agreement to purchase approximately 2.1 million dth, from October 2021 to March 2022, at prices ranging from $2.82 to $3.34 per DTH.

Roanoke Gas also has contracts for pipeline and storage capacity which extend for various periods. These capacity costs and related fees are valued at tariff rates in place as of September 30, 2021. These rates may increase or decrease in the future based upon rate filings and rate orders granting a rate change to the pipeline or storage operator. Roanoke Gas expended approximately $33,894,000 and $21,881,000 under the asset management, pipeline and storage contracts in fiscal years 2021 and 2020, respectively. The table below details the pipeline and storage capacity commitments as of September 30, 2021 for the remainder of the contract period.

	Pipeline and
Year	Storage Capacity
2021 - 2022	$	15,432,720
2022 - 2023		13,671,397
2023 - 2024		11,789,154
2024 - 2025		7,206,347
2025 - 2026		2,249,852
Thereafter		1,813,618
Total	$	52,163,088

Roanoke Gas maintains franchise agreements granted by the local cities and towns served by the Company. Roanoke Gas renewed its franchise agreements with the City of Roanoke, the City of Salem and the Town of Vinton in 2016 for 20-year terms to expire in December 2035. Per these agreements, franchise fees increase at a rate of 3% annually. As of September 30, 2021, $2,180,752 in future obligations remain under the franchise agreements.

Other Contracts

The Company maintains other agreements in the ordinary course of business covering various lease, maintenance, equipment and service contracts. These agreements currently extend through December 2031 and are not material to the Company.

Legal

From time to time, the Company may become involved in litigation or claims arising out of its operations in the normal course of business. At the current time, the Company is not known to be a party to any legal proceedings that would be expected to have a materially adverse impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

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Environmental Matters

Roanoke Gas operated an MGP as a source of fuel for lighting and heating until the early 1950’s. A by-product of operating the MGP was coal tar, and the potential exists for tar waste contaminants at the former plant site. While the Company does not currently recognize any commitments or contingencies related to environmental costs, should the Company ever be required to remediate the site, it will pursue all prudent and reasonable means to recover any related costs, including the use of insurance claims and regulatory approval for rate case recognition of expenses associated with any work required.

13. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The following table summarizes the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy as defined in Note 1 as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively:

			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2021
			Quoted Prices in Active Markets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	$	2,728,935	$	—	$	2,728,935	$	—
Interest rate swaps		1,196,083		—		1,196,083		—
Total	$	3,925,018	$	—	$	3,925,018	$	—

			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020
			Quoted Prices in Active Markets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	$	470,755	$	—	$	470,755	$	—
Interest rate swaps		2,223,556		—		2,223,556		—
Total	$	2,694,311	$	—	$	2,694,311	$	—

Under the asset management contract, a timing difference can exist between the payment for natural gas purchases and the actual receipt of such purchases. Payments are made based on a predetermined monthly volume with the price based on the weighted average first of the month index prices corresponding to the month of the scheduled payment. At September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company had recorded in accounts payable the estimated fair value of the liability determined on the corresponding first of month index prices for which the liability was expected to be settled.

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The Company’s non-financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis consist of its asset retirement obligations. The asset retirement obligations are measured at fair value at initial recognition based on expected future cash flows to settle the obligation.

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, borrowings under line-of-credit, accounts payable (with the exception of the timing difference under the asset management contract), customer credit balances and customer deposits is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the shorter-term nature of these financial instruments. The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are not adjusted to fair value in the consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2021 and 2020. 

			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2021
	Carrying		Quoted Prices in Active Markets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities:
Current maturities of long-term debt	$	7,000,000	$	—	$	—	$	7,000,000
Notes payable		116,110,200		—		—		124,691,896
Total	$	123,110,200	$	—	$	—	$	131,691,896

			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020
	Carrying		Quoted Prices in Active Markets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities:
Notes payable	$	114,975,200	$	—	$	—	$	124,740,970
Total	$	114,975,200	$	—	$	—	$	124,740,970

The fair value of long-term debt is estimated by discounting the future cash flows of the fixed rate debt based on the underlying 20-year Treasury rate or other Treasury instrument with a corresponding maturity period and estimated credit spread extrapolated based on market conditions since the issuance of the debt.

FASB ASC 825 – Financial Instruments requires disclosures regarding concentrations of credit risk from financial instruments. Cash equivalents are investments in high-grade, short-term securities (original maturity less than three months), placed with financially sound institutions. Accounts receivable are from a diverse group of customers including individuals and small and large companies in various industries. The Company maintains certain credit standards with its customers and requires a customer deposit if such evaluation warrants.

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14. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

Quarterly financial data for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 is summarized as follows: 

	First		Second		Third		Fourth
2021	Quarter		Quarter		Quarter		Quarter
Operating revenues	$	19,517,017	$	28,253,662	$	14,048,846	$	13,355,254
Operating income	$	5,581,387	$	7,099,426	$	1,542,333	$	555,163
Net income	$	4,723,263	$	4,767,478	$	610,840	$	481
Earnings (loss) per share of common stock:
Basic	$	0.58	$	0.58	$	0.07	$	—
Diluted	$	0.58	$	0.58	$	0.07	$	—

	First		Second		Third		Fourth
2020	Quarter		Quarter		Quarter		Quarter
Operating revenues	$	19,785,453	$	22,437,731	$	11,071,918	$	9,780,289
Operating income (loss)	$	5,081,979	$	6,999,616	$	1,335,663	$	(899,076	)
Net income (loss)	$	4,006,936	$	5,680,316	$	1,206,578	$	(329,296	)
Earnings (loss) per share of common stock:
Basic	$	0.50	$	0.70	$	0.15	$	(0.04	)
Diluted	$	0.49	$	0.70	$	0.15	$	(0.04	)

15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On October 28, 2021, Roanoke Gas received SCC communication that it had qualified for and will receive ARPA funds in the amount of $858,556 pursuant to Chapter 1 of the 2021 Virginia Acts of Assembly, Special Session II. The ARPA funds are to be applied to residential customer accounts with arrearages greater than 60 days as of  August 31, 2021. When received, Roanoke Gas plans to apply the funds to eligible customer accounts. The receipt of the funds was not recorded or applied to accounts receivable balances as of September 30, 2021; however, the Company included the pending receipt of these funds in its estimation of the allowance for uncollectible accounts.  As a result, the allowance for uncollectible accounts declined to approximately $242,000 as recorded within the accompanying financial statements and disclosed in Note 1 above.

On October 29, 2021 Midstream entered into an unsecured promissory note in the principal amount of $8.0 million with an interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 115 basis points maturing December 1, 2027. Related to this note, Midstream also entered into an interest rate swap agreement that effectively converts the variable rate note into a fixed rate instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.443%. The loan will convert into an installment loan with principal pay-down beginning in fiscal 2023. In addition, this note reduces the borrowing capacity defined by the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement and amendments to the related Promissory Notes. The total borrowing capacity declined from $41 million to $33 million effective with the new promissory note.  All other terms of the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement remain unchanged.

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued. There were no other items not otherwise disclosed which would have materially impacted the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

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Item 9.    Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

Item 9A.    Controls and Procedures.

The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to be effective in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in reports under the Exchange Act are recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

As of September 30, 2021, the Company completed an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, the chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of September 30, 2021.

Management routinely reviews the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and makes changes, as necessary, to enhance the effectiveness of the internal controls over financial reporting. There were no changes in the internal controls over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP and include those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of the inherent limitations, any system of internal control over financial reporting, no matter how well designed, may not prevent or detect misstatements due to the possibility that a control can be circumvented or overridden or that misstatements due to error or fraud may occur that are not detected. Projections of the effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that the internal controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures included in such controls may deteriorate. The Company’s internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP.

The Company has conducted an evaluation of the design and effectiveness of the Company’s system of internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2021, based on the framework set forth in ”Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based upon such evaluation, the Company concluded that, as of September 30, 2021, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective.

75

Item9B.    Other Information.

None

76

PART III

Item 10.    Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

For information with respect to the executive officers of the registrant, see “Executive Officers" section in the Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources incorporated herein by reference. For information with respect to the Company’s directors and nominees and the Company’s Audit Committee, see Proposal 1 “Election of Directors of Resources” and “Report of the Audit Committee”, respectively, in the Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources, which information is incorporated herein by reference. In addition, the Board of Directors has determined that Abney S. Boxley, III and Jacqueline L. Archer are audit committee financial experts under applicable SEC rules.

For information regarding the process for identifying and evaluating candidates to be nominated as directors, see "Director Nominations" in the Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Information with respect to compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, which is set forth under the caption "Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports" in the Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources, is incorporated herein by reference.

The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics applicable to all of its officers, directors and employees. The Company has posted the text of its Code of Ethics on its website at www.rgcresources.com. The Board of Directors has adopted charters for the Audit, Compensation, and Corporate Governance and Nominating Committees of the Board of Directors. These documents may also be found on the Company’s website at www.rgcresources.com.

Item 11.    Executive Compensation.

The information set forth under "Compensation of Directors", "Compensation Discussion and Analysis" and "Report of the Compensation Committee" in the Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12.    Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

For information pertaining to securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans, see Part II, Item 5 above.

The information pertaining to shareholders beneficially owning more than five percent of the registrant’s common stock and the security ownership of management, which is set forth under the caption “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" in the Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources, is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 13.    Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

The information pertaining to director independence is set forth under the caption “Board of Directors and Committees of the Board of Directors” and pertaining to transactions with related persons is set forth under the caption "Transactions with Related Persons" in the Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14.    Principal Accounting Fees and Services.

The information set forth under the caption "Report of the Audit Committee" in the Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources is incorporated herein by reference.

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PART IV

Item 15.    Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

(a)          List of documents filed as part of this report:

1.    Financial statements filed as part of this report:

All financial statements of the registrant as set forth under Item 8 of this Report on Form 10-K.

2.    Financial statement schedules filed as part of this report:

All information is inapplicable or presented in the consolidated financial statements or related notes thereto.

3.    Exhibits.

1 (a)		At Market Issuance Sales Agreement, dated March 5, 2020, between RGC Resources, Inc. and Janney Montgomery Scott LLC, as agent (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1.1 on Form 8-K as filed March 5, 2020)
3 (a)		Articles of Incorporation as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 on Form 8-K as filed February 5, 2020)
3 (b)		Amended and Restated Bylaws of RGC Resources, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3(b) on the Form 8-K filed on February 7, 2014)
4 (a)		Specimen copy of certificate for RGC Resources, Inc. common stock, $5.00 par value (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4(a) of Registration Statement No. 33-67311, on Form S-4, filed with the Commission on November 13, 1998, and amended by Amendment No. 5, filed with the Commission on January 28, 1999)
4 (b)		RGC Resources, Inc., Amended and Restated Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(b) of the Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2014)
4 (c)		Description of RGC Resources, Inc. Common Stock
10 (a)	P	Firm Transportation Agreement between East Tennessee Natural Gas Company and Roanoke Gas Company dated November 1, 1993 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1994 (SEC file number reference 0-367))
10 (b)		FSS Service Agreement by and between Columbia Gas Transmission LLC and Roanoke Gas Company dated July 23, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed July 26, 2019)
10 (c)		FTS Service Agreement by and between Columbia Gas Transmission LLC and Roanoke Gas Company dated July 23, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed July 26, 2019)
10 (d)		SST Service Agreement by and between Columbia Gas Transmission LLC and Roanoke Gas Company dated July 23, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed July 26, 2019)
10 (e)		FTS Service Agreement effective April 1, 2017 between Columbia Gas Transmission LLC and Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(f) of the Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed December 8, 2017)
10 (f)		FTS-1 Service Agreement between Columbia Gulf Transmission Corporation and Roanoke Gas Company dated September 3, 2004 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(k)(k)(k) of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for period ended December 31, 2004)
10 (g)		Gas Transportation Agreement, for use under FT-A rate schedule, between Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas Company originally dated November 1, 1993 as amended.

78

10 (h)	P	Gas Transportation Agreement, for use under IT rate schedule, between Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas Company dated September 1, 1993 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(l) of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1994 (SEC file number reference 0-367))
10 (i)		Gas Storage Contract under rate schedule FS between Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas Company originally dated November 1, 1993 as amended.
10 (j)		Gas Transportation Agreement, for use under FT-A rate schedule, between Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas Company originally dated November 1, 1993 as amended.
10 (k)		FTA Gas Transportation Agreement effective November 1, 1998, between East Tennessee Natural Gas Company and Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(s)(s) of Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1998 (SEC file reference number 0-367))
10 (l)		Firm Storage Service Agreement effective March 19, 1997, between Virginia Gas Storage Company and Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(w)(w) of Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1998 (SEC file reference number 0-367))
10 (m)		Firm Storage Service Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Virginia Gas Pipeline Company, dated June 1, 2001 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(b)(b)(b) of Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2001 (SEC file number reference 0-367))
10 (n)		FSS Service Agreement between Saltville Gas Storage Company L.L.C. and Roanoke Gas Company dated November 21, 2012 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(o) of the Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed December 8, 2017)
10 (o)		Firm Pipeline Service Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Virginia Gas Pipeline Company, dated June 1, 2001 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(c)(c)(c) of Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2001 (SEC file number reference 0-367))
10 (p)		Natural Gas Asset Management Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Sequent Energy Management LP effective April 1, 2018 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed on March 27, 2018)
10 (q)		Amendment No. 1 to Natural Gas Asset Management Agreement dated July 31, 2020 by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Sequent Energy Management LP (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 on From 10Q as filed August 5, 2020)
10 (r)		Amendment No. 2 to Natural Gas Asset Management Agreement dated August 5, 2021 by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Sequent Energy Management  LP (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10Q as filed August 6, 2021
10 (s)		Parental Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of Sequent Energy Management LP effective April 1, 2018 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed on March 27, 2018)
10 (t)		Gas Transportation Agreement between Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas Company originally dated November 1, 1999 as amended May 17, 2016 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of Form 10-Q as filed August 4, 2016)
10 (u)		Amendment dated May 17, 2016 to Gas Transportation Agreement originally dated December 1, 1993 between Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 10-Q as filed August 4, 2016)
10 (v)		Amendment dated May 17, 2016 to Gas Transportation Agreement originally dated November 1, 1993 between Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Form 10-Q as filed August 4, 2016)
10 (w)		Gas Transportation Agreement, for use under FT-A rate schedule between Midwestern Gas Transmission Company and Roanoke Gas Company dated March 11, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q as filed May 6, 2019)

79

10 (x)	P	Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Bedford County dated February 21, 1966 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(o) of Registration Statement No. 33-36605, on Form S-2, filed with the Commission on August 29, 1990, and amended by Amendment No. 1, filed with the Commission on September 19, 1990)
10 (y)	P	Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Roanoke County dated October 19, 1965 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(p) of Registration Statement No. 33-36605, on Form S-2, filed with the Commission on August 29, 1990, and amended by Amendment No. 1, filed with the Commission on September 19, 1990 (SEC file number reference 0-367))
10 (z)	P	Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Botetourt County dated August 30, 1966 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(q) of Registration Statement No. 33-36605, on Form S-2, filed with the Commission on August 29, 1990, and amended by Amendment No. 1, filed with the Commission on September 19, 1990 (SEC file number reference 0-367))
10 (a)(a)	P	Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Montgomery County dated July 8, 1985 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(r) of Registration Statement No. 33-36605, on Form S-2, filed with the Commission on August 29, 1990, and amended by Amendment No. 1, filed with the Commission on September 19, 1990 (SEC file number reference 0-367))
10 (b)(b)	P	Resolution of the Council for the Town of Fincastle, Virginia dated June 8, 1970 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(f) of Registration Statement No. 33-11383, on Form S-4, filed with the Commission on January 16, 1987 (SEC file number reference 0-367))
10 (c)(c)	P	Resolution of the Council for the Town of Troutville, Virginia dated November 4, 1968 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(g) of Registration Statement No. 33-11383, on Form S-4, filed with the Commission on January 16, 1987 (SEC file number reference 0-367))
10 (d)(d)		Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Franklin County dated March 5, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 10-Q as filed May 6, 2019)
10 (e)(e)		Gas Franchise Agreement between the City of Roanoke, Virginia, and Roanoke Gas Company dated December 14, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed December 16, 2015)
10 (f)(f)		Gas Franchise Agreement between the City of Salem, Virginia, and Roanoke Gas Company dated December 14, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed December 16, 2015)
10 (g)(g)		Gas Franchise Agreement between the Town of Vinton, Virginia, and Roanoke Gas Company dated November 17, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed December 16, 2015)
10 (h)(h)		RGC Resources Amended and Restated Key Employee Stock Option Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4(c) of Registration Statement No. 333-02455, Post Effective Amendment on Form S-8, filed with the Commission on July 2, 1999)
10 (i)(i)		RGC Resources, Inc. Amended and Restated Stock Bonus Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10 on Form 8-K filed on January 27, 2005 (SEC file reference number 0-367))
10 (j)(j)		RGC Resources, Inc. Amended And Restated Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(i)(i) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed December 8, 2017)
10 (k)(k)		RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K as filed February 9, 2017)
10 (l)(l)		Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Paul W. Nester effective May 1, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed April 29, 2020)
10 (m)(m)		Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Robert L. Wells, II effective May 1, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed April 29, 2020)
10 (n)(n)		Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Carl J. Shockley, Jr. effective May 1, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed April 29, 2020)

80

10 (o)(o)	Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Lawrence T. Oliver effective May 1, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 on Form 8-K as filed April 29, 2020)
10 (p)(p)	Revolving Line of Credit Note in the original principal amount of $40,000,000 by Roanoke Gas Company with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated as of March 25, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed March 31, 2021)
10 (q)(q)	Credit Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated March 31, 2016 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed April 4, 2016)
10 (r)(r)	First Amendment to Credit Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated March 27, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed March 29, 2017)
10 (s)(s)	Second Amendment to Credit Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated as of March 26, 2018 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed March 27, 2018)
10 (t)(t)	Third Amendment to Credit Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated as of March 26, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed March 28, 2019)
10 (u)(u)	Fourth Amendment to Credit Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated as of March 26, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed March 30, 2020)
10 (v)(v)	Fifth Amendment to Credit Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., including Guarantor's Consent and Reaffirmation, dated as of March 25, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed March 31, 2021).
10 (w)(w)	Sixth Amendment to Credit Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., including Guarantor's Consent and Reaffirmation, dated as of August 20, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed August 26, 2021).
10 (x)(x)	Continuing Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated March 31, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed April 4, 2016)
10 (y)(y)	Note Purchase Agreement for 4.26% Senior Guaranteed Notes due September 18, 2034 in the original principal amount of $30,500,000 in favor of The Prudential Insurance Company of America, PAR U Hartford Life & Annuity Comfort Trust and PRUCO Life Insurance Company of New Jersey (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed August 4, 2014)
10 (z)(z)	Unconditional Parent Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of each of the holders of the notes: The Prudential Life Insurance Company of America, PAR U Hartford Life & Annuity Comfort Trust and PRUCO Life Insurance Company of New Jersey (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed August 4, 2014)
10 (a)(a)(a)	4.26% Senior Guaranteed Notes due September 18, 2034 in the original principal amount of $15,250,000 in favor of The Prudential Insurance Company of America (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed September 23, 2014)
10 (b)(b)(b)	4.26% Senior Guaranteed Notes due September 18, 2034 in the original principal amount of $9,700,000 in favor of PAR U Hartford Life & Annuity Comfort Trust (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed September 23, 2014)
10 (c)(c)(c)	4.26% Senior Guaranteed Notes due September 18, 2034 in the original principal amount of $5,550,000 in favor of PRUCO Life Insurance Company of New Jersey (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed September 23, 2014)
10 (d)(d)(d)	Credit Agreement between RGC Midstream, LLC, Union Bank & Trust and Branch Banking and Trust Company dated December 29, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed December 31, 2015)

81

10 (e)(e)(e)	First Amendment to Credit Agreement between RGC Midstream, LLC and the lenders Union Bank & Trust and Branch Banking and Trust dated April 11, 2018 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed April 12, 2018)
10 (f)(f)(f)	Second Amendment to Credit Agreement between RGC Midstream, LLC and the lenders Union Bank & Trust and Branch Banking and Trust dated February 19, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed February 19, 2019)
10 (g)(g)(g)	Third Amendment to Credit Agreement between RGC Midstream, LLC and the lenders Atlantic Union Bank and Truist Bank dated December 23, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed December 23, 2019)
10 (h)(h)(h)	Amended and Restated Note in the principal amount of $24,600,000 in favor of Atlantic Union Bank due December 29, 2022 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed December 23, 2019)
10 (i)(i)(i)	Amended and Restated Note in the principal amount of $16,400,000 in favor of Truist Bank due December 29, 2022 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed December 23, 2019)
10 (j)(j)(j)	Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of Union Bank & Trust and Branch Banking and Trust Company dated December 29, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed December 31, 2015)
10 (k)(k)(k)	Private Shelf Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the pre-authorization to issue notes up to $29,500,000 in total during the term of the agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed October 4, 2017)
10 (l)(l)(l)	Second Amendment to Private Shelf Agreement dated as of December 6, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed December 9, 2019)
10 (m)(m)(m)	Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $4,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas Company and PRUCO Life Insurance Company of New Jersey, dated October 2, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed October 4, 2017)
10 (n)(n)(n)	Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $4,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Prudential Arizona Reinsurance Captive Company, dated October 2, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed October 4, 2017)
10 (o)(o)(o)	Unconditional Parent Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of each of the holders of the notes: The PRUCO Life Insurance Company of New Jersey and the Prudential Arizona Reinsurance Captive Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed October 4, 2017)
10 (p)(p)(p)	Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $5,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Highmark, Inc. dated March 28, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed March 29, 2019)
10 (q)(q)(q)	Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $3,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Prudential Arizona Reinsurance Term Company dated March 28, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed March 29, 2019)
10 (r)(r)(r)	Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $2,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas Company and The Prudential Insurance Company of America dated March 28, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed March 29, 2019)
10 (s)(s)(s)	Unconditional Guaranty Agreement by and between RGC Resources, Inc. and Prudential Investment Management and each Prudential Affiliate which is a party to the borrowing (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed March 29, 2019)
10 (t)(t)(t)	Promissory Note in the original principal amount of $14,000,000 by and between RGC Midstream, LLC and Atlantic Union Bank, dated June 12, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)
10 (u)(u)(u)	Loan Agreement between RGC Midstream, LLC and Atlantic Union Bank, dated June 12, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)

82

10 (v)(v)(v)		Unconditional Guaranty by and between RGC Resources, Inc. and Atlantic Union Bank (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)
10 (w)(w)(w)		Swap Agreement by and between RGC Midstream, LLC and Atlantic Union Bank, dated June 12, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)
10 (x)(x)(x)		Promissory Note in the original principal amount of $10,000,000 by and between RGC Midstream, LLC and Branch Banking and Trust, dated June 13, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)
10 (y)(y)(y)		Loan Agreement between RGC Midstream, LLC and Branch Banking and Trust Company, dated June 13, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)
10 (z)(z)(z)		Unconditional Guaranty by and between RGC Resources, Inc. and Branch Banking and Trust Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)
10 (a)(a)(a)(a)		Swap Agreement by and between RGC Midstream, LLC and Branch Banking and Trust Company, dated June 13, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)
10 (b)(b)(b)(b)	**	Third Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC dated April 6, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as filed May 7, 2018)
10 (c)(c)(c)(c)		Guaranty Agreement by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 10-Q as filed May 7, 2018)
10 (d)(d)(d)(d)		Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $5,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas and Prudential Arizona Reinsurance Universal Company, dated December 6, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed December 9, 2019)
10 (e)(e)(e)(e)		Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $5,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas and Prudential Arizona Reinsurance Universal Company, dated December 6, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed December 9, 2019)
10 (f)(f)(f)(f)		Unconditional Guaranty Agreement by and between RGC Resources, Inc. and Prudential Investment Management and each Prudential Affiliate which is a party to the borrowings dated December 6, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed December 9, 2019)
10 (g)(g)(g)(g)		Private Shelf Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and MetLife Investment Management Limited dated September 30, 2020, for the pre-authorization to issue notes up to the aggregate amount of $70,000,000 in total during the term of the agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (l)(l)(l)(l) on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2020).
10 (h)(h)(h)(h)		Delayed Draw Term Note in the principal amount of $15,000,000 by Roanoke Gas Company with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated as of August 20, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed August 26, 2021).
10 (i)(i)(i)(i)		Swap Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., executed on August 20, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed August 26, 2021).
10 (j)(j)(j)(j)		Promissory Note in the principal amount of $10,000,000 by Roanoke Gas Company with Pinnacle Bank, dated as of September 24, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed September 30, 2021).
10 (k)(k)(k)(k)		Loan Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Pinnacle Bank, dated as of September 24, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed September 30, 2021).
10 (l)(l)(l)(l)		Swap Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Pinnacle Bank, executed on September 24, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed September 30, 2021).
10 (m)(m)(m)(m)		Promissory Note in the principal amount of $8,000,000 by RGC Midstream, LLC with Atlantic Union Bank, dated as of November 1, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed November 4, 2021).

83

10 (n)(n)(n)(n)		Loan Agreement by and between RGC Midstream, LLC and Atlantic Union Bank, dated as of November 1, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed November 4, 2021).
10 (o)(o)(o)(o)		Swap Agreement by and between RGC Midstream, LLC and Atlantic Union Bank, executed on November 1, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed November 4, 2021).
10 (p)(p)(p)(p)		Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. with Atlantic Union Bank, dated as of November 1, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed November 4, 2021)
10 (q)(q)(q)(q)		Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan Document (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q as filed February 11, 2021)
10 (r)(r)(r)(r)		Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. with Pinnacle Bank, dated as of September 24, 2021.
10 (s)(s)(s)(s)		Amendment dated November 29, 2021 to Gas Transportation Agreement originally dated December 1, 1993 between Tennessee Gas Pipeline and Roanoke Gas Company.
13		Annual Report
14		Code of Ethics (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 14 on Form 8-K as filed April 29, 2020)
21		Subsidiaries of the Company
23		Consent of Brown, Edwards & Company, LLP
31.1		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer
31.2		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer
32.1	*	Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer
32.2	*	Section 1350 Certification of Principal Financial Officer
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101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*    These certifications are being furnished solely to accompany this annual report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and are not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the registrant, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

**    Confidential treatment has been granted with respect to portions of this exhibit, indicated by asterisks, which has been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

P    These original exhibits were filed with the SEC in paper form and therefore are not hyper-linked to the original filing.

Item 16.    Form 10-K Summary.

Not applicable.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Annual Report on Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

RGC RESOURCES, INC.
By:	/S/    LAWRENCE T. OLIVER	December 2, 2021
	Lawrence T. Oliver	Date
	Vice President, Interim CFO, Corporate Secretary and Treasurer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

/S/    PAUL W. NESTER	December 2, 2021	President and Chief Executive Officer, Director
Paul W. Nester	Date	(Principal Executive Officer)
/S/    LAWRENCE T. OLIVER	December 2, 2021	Vice President, Interim CFO, Corporate Secretary and Treasurer
Lawrence T. Oliver	Date	(Principal Financial Officer)
/S/    JOHN B. WILLIAMSON, III	December 2, 2021	Chairman of the Board and Director
John B. Williamson, III	Date
/S/    NANCY H. AGEE	December 2, 2021	Director
Nancy H. Agee	Date
/S/    JACQUELINE L. ARCHER	December 2, 2021	Director
Jacqueline L. Archer	Date
/S/    ABNEY S. BOXLEY, III	December 2, 2021	Director
Abney S. Boxley, III	Date
/S/  T. JOE CRAWFORD	December 2, 2021	Director
T. Joe Crawford	Date
/S/    MARYELLEN F. GOODLATTE	December 2, 2021	Director
Maryellen F. Goodlatte	Date
/S/    J. ALLEN LAYMAN	December 2, 2021	Director
J. Allen Layman	Date
/S/    S. FRANK SMITH	December 2, 2021	Director
S. Frank Smith	Date

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EX-13

Exhibit 13

EX-21

Exhibit 21

RGC Resources, Inc.

Subsidiaries of Registrant

Roanoke Gas Company

Diversified Energy Company

RGC Midstream, LLC

EX-23

Exhibit 23

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement No. 333-218966 on Form S-8, Registration Statement No. 333-187529 on Form S-8, Registration Statement No. 333-178136 on Form S-8, Registration Statement No. 333-122746 on Form S-8, Registration Statement No. 333-236275 on Form S-3, Registration Statement No. 333-219876 on Form S-3, Registration Statement No. 333-122742 on Form S-3 of RGC Resources, Inc. of our report dated December 2, 2021 appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of RGC Resources, Inc. for the year ended September 30, 2021.

CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS

Blacksburg, Virginia

December 2, 2021

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Paul W. Nester, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of RGC Resources, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: December 2, 2021	/s/ Paul W. Nester
	President and Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Lawrence T. Oliver, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of RGC Resources, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: December 2, 2021	/s/ Lawrence T. Oliver
	Vice President, Interim CFO, Corporate Secretary and Treasurer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of RGC Resources, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended September 30, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Paul W. Nester, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify to my knowledge, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

/s/ Paul W. Nester

Paul W. Nester

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

December 2, 2021

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of RGC Resources, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended September 30, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Lawrence T. Oliver, Vice-President, Interim CFO, Corporate Secretary and Treasurer of the Company, certify to my knowledge, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

/s/ Lawrence T. Oliver

Lawrence T. Oliver

Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and CFO

(Principal Financial Officer)

December 2, 2021

EX-10.G

Exhibit 10(g)

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EX-10.I

Exhibit 10(i)

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Service Package No.: 3974

Amendment         No.: 0

GAS STORAGE CONTRACT

This Contract is made as of the 1^st day of November, 1993, by and between TENNESSEE GAS PIPELINE COMPANY, A Delaware corporation herein called “Transporter”, and ROANOKE GAS COMPANY, a public service corporation of the State of Virginia, herein called “Shipper”. Transporter and Shipper collectively shall be referred to herein as “Parties”.

ARTICLE I – SCOPE OF CONTRACT

Following the commencement of service hereunder, in accordance with the terms of Transporter’s Rate Schedule FS (Market Area), and of this agreement, Transporter shall receive for injection for Shipper’s account a quantity of gas up to Shipper’s Maximum Injection Quantity(on any day)and Maximum Storage Quantity of 134,603 Dth (on a cumulative basis) and on demand shall withdraw from Shipper’s Storage account and deliver to Shipper a daily quantity of gas up to Shipper’s Maximum Daily Withdrawal Quantity of 978 DTH.

ARTICLE II – SERVICE POINT

The point or points at which the gas is to be tendered for delivery by transporter to Shipper under this contract shall be at the storage service point at Transporter’s Compressor Station 87.

ARTICLE III – PRICE

1. Shipper agrees to pay Transporter for all natural gas storage service furnished to Shipper hereunder, including compensation for system fuel and losses, at Transporter’s legally effective rate or at any effective superseding rate applicable to the type of service specified herein. Transporter’s present legally effective rate for said service is contained in Transporter’s Tariff as filed with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.

2. Shipper agrees to reimburse Transporter for any filing or similar fees, which have not been previously paid by Shipper, which Transporter incurs in rendering service hereunder.

3. Shipper Agrees that Transporter shall have the unilateral right to file with the appropriate regulatory authority ad make changes effective in (a) the rates and charges applicable to service pursuant to Transporter’s Rate Schedule FS, (b) the rate schedule(s) pursuant to which service hereunder is rendered, or (c) any provision of the General Terms and Conditions applicable to those rate schedules. Transporter agrees that Shipper any protest or contest the aforementioned filings, or may seek authorization from duly constituted regulatory authorities for such adjustment of Transporter’s existing FERC Gas Tariff as may be found necessary to assure Transporter just and reasonable rates.

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ARTICLE IV - INCORPORATION OF RATE SCHEDULE AND TARIFF PROVISIONS

This agreement shall be subject to the terms of Transporter's Rate Schedule FS, as filed with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, together with the General Terms and Conditions applicable thereto (including any changes in said Rate Schedule or General Terms and Conditions as may from time to time be filed and made effective by Transporter).

ARTICLE V - TERM OF CONTRACT

This Agreement shall be effective as of the 1st day of November 1993, and shall remain in force and effect until November 1, 2013, ("Primary Term") and on a month to month basis thereafter unless terminated by either Party upon at least thirty (30) days prior written notice to the other Party; provided, however, that if the Primary Term is one year or more, then unless Shipper elects upon one year's prior written notice to Transporter to request a lesser extension term, the Agreement shall automatically extend upon the expiration of ~he primary term for a term of five years; and shall automatically extend for successive five year terms thereafter unless shipper provides notice described above in advance of the expiration of a succeeding term; provided further, if the FERC or other governmental body having jurisdiction over the service rendered pursuant to this Agreement authorizes abandonment of such service, this Agreement shall terminate on the abandonment date permitted by the FERC or such other governmental body.

ARTICLE VI - NOTICES

Except as otherwise provided in the General Terms and Conditions applicable to this Agreement, any notice under this Agreement shall be in writing and mailed to the post office address of the party intended to receive the same, as follows:

TRANSPORTER:         Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company

P.O. Box 2511

Houston, TX         77252-2511

Attention:         Transportation Services

SHIPPER:

^NOTICES:         Roanoke Gas Company

P.O. Box, 13007 Roanoke, VA         24030

Attention: Mike Gagnet

^BILLING:         Roanoke Gas Company

P.O. Box 13007 Roanoke, VA         24030

Attention: Howard Lyon

or to such other address as either Party shall designate by formal written notice to the other.

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ARTICLE VII - TRANSFER.AND ASSIGNMENT OF ALL CONTRACTS

Any company which shall succeed by purchase, merger or consolidation to the properties, substantially as an entirety, of Transporter or of Shipper, as the case may be, shall be entitled to the rights and shall be subject to the obligations of its predecessor in title under this contract. Otherwise no assignment of the contract or any of the rights or obligations thereunder shall be made by Shipper, except pursuant to the General Terms and Conditions of Transporter's FERC Gas Tariff.

It is agreed, however, that the restrictions on assignment contained in this Article shall not in any way prevent either party to the contract from pledging, or mortgaging its rights thereunder as security for its indebtedness.

ARTICLE VIII - LAW OF CONTRACT

The interpretation and performance of this contract shall be in accordance with and controlled by the laws of the State of Texas, without regard to doctrines governing choice of laws.

ARTICLE IX - PRIOR AGREEMENTS CANCELLED

Transporter and Shipper agree that this contract, as of the date hereof, shall supersede and cancel the following contract(s) between the parties hereto:

Contract to Storage Service dated: Not Applicable

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused this Agreement to be duly executed in several counterparts by their authorized agents.

TENNESSEE GAS PIPELINE COMPANY

By: /s/TGP

Agent and Attorney-in-Fact ROANOKE GAS COMPANY

By: /s/Arthur L. Pendleton

VP Operations

Service Package No.: 3974 Amendment No.: 0

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EXHIBIT ”A”

TO FIRM GAS STORAGE SERVICE CONTRACT

DATED November 1st, 1993 TENNESSEE GAS PIPELINE COMPANY

AND

ROANOKE GAS COMPANY

Service Package: 3974

Amendment:         0

Contract MSQ: 134,603

Maximum Daily Withdrawal         Quantity: 978 Maximum Daily Injection Quantity:         898

Service Point: At point of interconnection(s)         between Tennessee Gas Pipeline and East Tennessee Natural Gas.

Injection Meter:         060020

Withdrawal         Meter: 070020

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EX-10.J

Exhibit 10(j)

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                                                                          BY: /s/ TGP

                                                                                  Agent and Attorney-in-Fact

                                                                          BY:  /s/ Roger L. Baumgardner

                                                                          TITLE: VP/ Sec & Treas.

                                                                          DATE:  9/21/98

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EX-10.RRRR

Exhibit 10(r)(r)(r)(r)

GUARANTY AGREEMENT

THIS GUARANTY AGREEMENT (this "Guaranty") is made as of September 24, 2021, by RGC RESOURCES, INC., a Virginia corporation ("Guarantor"), to and for the benefit of PINNACLE BANK ("Bank"), and its successors and assigns.

WHEREAS, pursuant to that certain Loan Agreement of even date herewith by and among ROANOKE GAS COMPANY, a Virginia corporation (the "Borrower"), Guarantor and Bank (as modified, amended or supplemented from time to time, the "Loan Agreement"), Bank has extended credit to Borrower (the "Loan"), as evidenced by the Note (as such term is defined in the Loan Agreement). The Note, the Loan Agreement, this Guaranty, any agreements executed in connection with any Swap Obligations (as such term is defined in the Loan Agreement) and any and all other documents, whether now or hereafter executed, evidencing, guaranteeing or securing the Loan or given by Borrower in connection with the Obligations (as hereinafter defined), as modified, amended or supplemented from time to time, are referred to collectively as the "Financing Documents". As a condition to making the Loan, Bank has required that Guarantor execute and deliver this Guaranty.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, Guarantor agrees as follows:

Section 1. Interpretation; Definitions. Unless the context indicates otherwise, words used in this

Guaranty in the singular number shall be deemed to include words in the plural number, and vice versa, and words in one gender shall be deemed to include words in the other genders. The section headings are for convenience only and neither limit nor amplify the provisions of this Guaranty. As used herein, the term "Obligations" shall mean, collectively, each and all of the duties, obligations, debts and liabilities of every kind and description owing by Borrower to Bank, whether now existing or hereafter incurred, whether matured or unmatured, direct or indirect, secured or unsecured, original, extended or renewed, absolute or contingent, whether originally contracted with or acquired by Bank, whether contracted alone or jointly and/or severally with others, whether or not evidenced by negotiable instruments or other writings and any renewals, extensions, or substitutions thereto, including open lines of credit and obligations with respect to letters of credit or any draft presented in connection therewith, and specifically including the duty of Borrower (i) to pay all sums when due under the Note, and any renewals, extensions, modifications or substitutions thereto, (ii) to pay all other sums due under the Financing Documents, including any advances made by Bank, and (iii) to perform and comply with all of the other obligations, terms and conditions contained in the Financing Documents; provided, however, that if and only if Guarantor is not an "eligible contract participant (as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act and any applicable rules, as amended), then to the extent applicable law prohibits Guarantor from entering into an agreement to guaranty any obligations in respect of a "swap" (as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act and any applicable rules, as amended, and referred to herein as a "Swap"), the term "Obligations" shall not include obligations of Borrower to Bank under any Swap. The term "Obligors" shall mean any one or more of Borrower, Guarantor, and any co-maker, endorser with recourse, guarantor, surety or other party obligated to pay any sum pursuant to the provisions of, or to perform any act in order to comply with the provisions of, the Financing Documents.

Section 2. Guaranty. Guarantor hereby jointly, severally and unconditionally guarantees to Bank (i) the full and prompt payment when due (whether at maturity, by acceleration or otherwise) of all the Obligations; and (ii) the full and prompt performance by Borrower of its other Obligations to Bank. This is a guaranty of payment and performance and not merely of collection. If an Event of Default (as defined in the Financing Documents) shall occur in the payment of the principal of or interest on the Note, or if an Event of Default shall occur in the performance of any of the other Obligations, and any applicable grace, notice and cure periods have expired,

Guarantor, upon demand of Bank, shall promptly pay to Bank any amount due to Bank or perform the obligation

which is in default, and Bank shall not be required to proceed against Borrower or any collateral for the Loan before enforcing this Guaranty against Guarantor. Guarantor further agrees to pay all costs, including court costs and reasonable attorneys' fees, paid or incurred by Bank in collecting any amount due to Bank or in performing any defaulted Obligation. Each failure on the part of an Obligor to make a payment or perform any other Obligation shall give rise to a separate cause of action hereunder.

Section 3. Guaranty Unconditional. The obligations of Guarantor hereunder shall be absolute, continuing and unconditional and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, shall not be released, discharged or otherwise affected by:

(i) any extension, renewal, compromise, settlement, substitution, exchange, waiver or release of any of the obligations of any other Obligor under any of the Financing Documents;

(ii) any amendment, modification or supplement to the Note, this Guaranty or any other Loan Document;

(iii) any failure to perfect a lien, if any, granted by any of the Financing Documents with respect to any collateral for the Loan, the release in whole or in part of any such lien or the release, substitution or exchange of any collateral for the Loan;

(iv) any change in the structure, existence or ownership of Borrower, or the filing or entry of a final order in any insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization or other similar proceeding affecting Borrower or its assets or releasing any Obligor from any of its obligations under any of the Financing Documents;

(v) the existence of any claim, set-off or other right which Guarantor may have at any time against Borrower, Bank or any other Obligor, whether arising from the execution of any of the Financing Documents or otherwise, provided that nothing contained herein shall prevent the assertion of such a claim in a separate suit;

(vi) the unenforceability, for any reason, of any of the obligations of any other Obligor under any of the Financing Documents;

(vii) the failure of Bank (A) to file or enforce a claim against any other Obligor (or its estate in a bankruptcy or other proceeding), (B) to give notice of the creation or incurrence by any other Obligor of any new or additional indebtedness or obligation under the Financing Documents, (C) to commence any action against any Obliger, or (D) to proceed with due diligence to collect any amount due to it under any of the Financing Documents or to realize upon any collateral for the Loan; or

(viii) any other act, failure to act or delay of any kind by Borrower, any other Obligor or Bank which might, but for the provisions of this Section 3, constitute a legal or equitable discharge of Guarantor's obligations hereunder.

Section 4. Joint and Several Obligations. The obligations of Guarantor hereunder are joint and several and independent of the obligations of Borrower and/or any other Obligor, and a separate action or actions may be brought and prosecuted against Guarantor whether action is brought against Borrower and/or any other Obligor, or whether Borrower and/or any other Obligor is joined in any such action or actions.

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Section 5. Discharge; Reinstatement in Certain Circumstances. This Guaranty shall remain in full force and effect until the principal and interest of the Note and all of the other Obligations shall have been paid or performed in full. If at any time any payment or performance by Borrower under any of the Financing Documents is rescinded or is required to be restored or returned because of insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization or otherwise, Guarantor's obligations hereunder with respect to such payment or performance shall be reinstated as though such payment had been due or performance required, but not paid or performed, at the time of such rescission or requirement. Guarantor agrees that payment or performance of any of the Obligations or other acts which toll any statute of limitations applicable to the obligations shall also toll the statute of limitations applicable to Guarantor's liability hereunder.

Section 6. Waiver of Subrogation. Guarantor hereby waives and agrees not to assert any rights it may have now or in the future to be subrogated to any of Bank's rights and remedies under the Note or the other

Financing Documents or any right to indemnification, contribution or reimbursement that it may have against

Borrower until all the Obligations have been paid in full and no petition in bankruptcy has been filed by or against

Borrower.

Section 7. Stay of Acceleration. If acceleration of the time for payment of any amount payable by Borrower pursuant to the Financing Documents is stayed upon insolvency or bankruptcy, such amount and all other amounts subject to acceleration under the terms of the Financing Documents shall, nevertheless, be payable by Guarantor on demand by Bank.

Section 8. Rights of Bank Not Impaired. No act or omission of any kind or at any time upon the part of Bank in respect of any matter whatsoever shall in any way affect or impair the rights of Bank to enforce any right, power or benefit of Bank under this Guaranty, and no set-off, claim, diminution of any Obligation or defense of any kind or nature which Guarantor has or may have against Bank shall be available against Bank in any suit or action brought by Bank to enforce any of its rights under this Guaranty. Nothing in this Guaranty shall be construed as a waiver by Guarantor of any rights or claims it may have against Bank under this Guaranty or otherwise, but any recovery upon such rights and claims shall be had from Bank separately, it being the intent of this Guaranty that Guarantor shall be unconditionally and absolutely obligated to perform fully all of its obligations hereunder for the benefit of Bank.

Section 9. Payments to Guarantor Following Obligor Dissolution. Upon any dissolution, winding-up, liquidation or reorganization of any Obligor, any payment or distribution of assets of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, to which Guarantor would be entitled shall be paid or delivered directly to Bank to be applied to the payment of the Obligations before any payment or distribution is made to Guarantor. If, notwithstanding the foregoing, Guarantor shall receive any payment or distribution of assets of an Obligor to which it is not entitled under the provisions of this Section 9, Guarantor will hold such payment in trust for the benefit of Bank and will forthwith turn such payment over to Bank to be applied to the payment of the Obligations.

Section 10. Representations of Guarantor. Guarantor hereby represents and warrants the following to Bank:

(i) It has full power and authority to execute and deliver this Guaranty and to perform its obligations hereunder.

(ii) Neither the execution and delivery of this Guaranty nor the performance of its obligations hereunder will violate any agreement to which it is a party or by which it is bound or any laws or other orders or decrees of governmental authorities and courts having jurisdiction over Guarantor.

(iii) To the best of Guarantor's knowledge, no material adverse change has occurred in its financial condition from that indicated in the financial statements, applications and other information it has heretofore furnished to Bank.

(iv) It has duly executed and delivered this Guaranty, and this Guaranty constitutes its valid and binding obligation.

(v) There are no pending or, to the best of its knowledge, threatened actions, suits, proceedings or investigations of a legal, equitable, regulatory, administrative or legislative nature, the resolution of which could have a material adverse effect on its business, assets or condition (financial or otherwise) or its ability to perform its obligations under this Guaranty.

Section 11. Financial Statements; Banking Relationship. During the term of the Loan, Guarantor shall deliver to Bank the financial and other information required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of the Loan Agreement, and shall also furnish to Bank such other financial information as Bank may from time to time reasonably request.

Section 12. Subsequent or Previous Guaranty. A subsequent guaranty by Guarantor shall not be deemed to be in lieu of or to supersede or terminate this Guaranty but shall be construed as an additional or supplementary guaranty unless otherwise expressly provided therein; and in the event that Guarantor has given Bank a previous guaranty or guaranties, this Guaranty shall be construed to be an additional or supplemental guaranty, and not in lieu thereof or terminate such previous guaranty or guaranties unless expressly so provided herein or therein.

Section 13. Venue. Guarantor agrees that any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Guaranty may be instituted in any State or Federal court located in the Commonwealth of Virginia (assuming

such court has proper jurisdiction), and Guarantor hereby waives any objection which it may have to such venue and irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of any such court in any such suit, action or proceeding. Nothing herein shall affect the right of Bank to proceed against Guarantor in any other jurisdiction.

Section 14. Successors and Assigns. This Guaranty shall inure to the benefit of and be binding on the parties hereto and their respective heirs, legal and personal representatives, successors and assigns.

Section 15. Severability. If any provision of this Guaranty or the application thereof in any circumstance is held to be unenforceable, the remainder of this Guaranty shall not be affected thereby and shall remain enforceable and in full force and effect.

Section 16. Applicable Law. This Guaranty shall be governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of

Virginia.

Section 17. Notices, Demands and Requests. All notices, demands, requests and other communications required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given in accordance with the term of the Loan Agreement.

2

Section 18. Waiver. Guarantor hereby waives, to the extent permitted by law, (i) the benefits of Sections 49-25 and 49-26 of the Code of Virginia (1950), as amended, and any amendments thereto or any similar statutes or rules of law, (ii) the benefit of any homestead or similar exemption, state or federal, with respect to their obligations hereunder, (iii) notice of any of the matters referred to in Section 3 of this Guaranty, (iv) presentment,

demand, protest and notice of dishonor, and (v) except for notices as provided for in any of the Financing

Documents, any demand (except as expressly specified herein), proof or notice of nonpayment, or failure to comply with, any of the Obligations.

Section 19. Amendments. This Guaranty may only be amended, modified, supplemented or

terminated in writing, signed by all of the parties hereto.

Section 20. Entire Agreement. This Guaranty expresses the entire understanding and all agreements between the parties.

[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]

3

GUARANTY AGREEMENT

[SIGNATURE PAGE]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Guarantor has duly executed this Guaranty Agreement under seal as of the day

and year first written above.

GUARANTOR:

RGC RESOURCES, INC., a Virginia corporation

By: /s/ Paul W. Nester

Name: Paul W. Nester

Title: President

And

By: /s/ Lawrence T. Oliver

Name: Lawrence T. Oliver

Title: Interim Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer

Corporate Secretary

4

EX-10.SSSS

Exhibit 10(s)(s)(s)(s)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

XML

Document And Entity Information - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Central Index Key	0001069533
Entity Registrant Name	RGC Resources, Inc.
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--09-30
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2021
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2021
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	000-26591
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	VA
Entity Tax Identification Number	54-1909697
Entity Address, Address Line One	519 Kimball Ave., N.E
Entity Address, City or Town	Roanoke
Entity Address, State or Province	VA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	24016
City Area Code	540
Local Phone Number	777-4427
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $5 Par Value
Trading Symbol	RGCO
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 171,488,915
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		8,386,188

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,518,317	$ 291,066
Accounts receivable, net	4,949,900	3,404,044
Materials and supplies	1,031,666	1,027,191
Gas in storage	7,867,470	5,708,761
Prepaid income taxes	3,104,950	647,623
Regulatory assets	5,656,453	2,503,314
Other	1,015,099	854,562
Total current assets	25,143,855	14,436,561
UTILITY PROPERTY:
In service	272,382,539	258,342,372
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(76,038,433)	(71,386,537)
In service, net	196,344,106	186,955,835
Construction work in progress	15,305,578	11,489,258
Utility plant, net	211,649,684	198,445,093
OTHER ASSETS:
Regulatory assets	6,769,759	10,970,094
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	64,867,319	57,542,805
Benefit plan assets	1,259,639	0
Other	418,937	284,954
Total other assets	73,315,654	68,797,853
TOTAL ASSETS	310,109,193	281,679,507
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Current maturities of long-term debt	7,000,000	0
Dividends payable	1,549,841	1,428,268
Accounts payable	7,729,707	4,442,182
Capital contributions payable	2,140,637	2,512,437
Customer credit balances	1,539,680	1,587,061
Customer deposits	1,571,342	1,611,476
Accrued expenses	3,819,977	3,565,210
Interest rate swaps	332,389	533,795
Regulatory liabilities	329,959	890,313
Total current liabilities	26,013,532	16,570,742
LONG-TERM DEBT:
Notes payable	116,110,200	114,975,200
Line-of-credit	17,628,897	9,143,606
Less unamortized debt issuance costs	(267,670)	(299,175)
Long-term debt, net	133,471,427	123,819,631
DEFERRED CREDITS AND OTHER LIABILITIES:
Interest rate swaps	863,694	1,689,761
Asset retirement obligations	7,628,958	7,180,982
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations	13,640,567	12,678,043
Benefit plan liabilities	949,851	6,149,527
Deferred income taxes	14,948,213	13,973,762
Regulatory liabilities	12,891,242	10,729,082
Total deferred credits and other liabilities	50,922,525	52,401,157
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 12)
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common Stock, $5 par value; authorized 20,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 8,375,092 and 8,160,058 shares in 2021 and 2020, respectively	41,875,460	40,800,290
Preferred stock, no par; authorized 5,000,000 shares; no shares issued and outstanding in 2021 and 2020	0	0
Capital in excess of par value	19,705,387	15,847,121
Retained earnings	39,656,296	35,688,510
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(1,535,434)	(3,447,944)
Total stockholders’ equity	99,701,709	88,887,977
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$ 310,109,193	$ 281,679,507

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parentheticals) - $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 5	$ 5
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	20,000,000	20,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	8,375,092	8,160,058
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	8,375,092	8,160,058
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0

XML

Consolidated Statements of Income - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
OPERATING REVENUES:
Operating revenues	$ 75,174,779	$ 63,075,391
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Operations and maintenance	14,476,355	16,180,229
General taxes	2,290,096	2,194,789
Depreciation and amortization	8,424,620	7,890,725
Total operating expenses	60,396,470	50,557,209
OPERATING INCOME	14,778,309	12,518,182
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	1,667,554	4,814,874
Other income, net	912,146	636,296
Interest expense	4,051,885	4,099,158
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES	13,306,124	13,870,194
INCOME TAX EXPENSE	3,204,062	3,305,660
NET INCOME	$ 10,102,062	$ 10,564,534
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 1.22	$ 1.30
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 1.22	$ 1.30
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING:
Basic (in shares)	8,251,802	8,125,938
Diluted (in shares)	8,264,904	8,146,666
Gas Utility [Member]
OPERATING REVENUES:
Operating revenues	$ 75,045,103	$ 62,408,925
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Cost of gas and sales	35,179,842	23,949,481
Non-utility [Member]
OPERATING REVENUES:
Operating revenues	129,676	666,466
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Cost of gas and sales	$ 25,557	$ 341,985

XML

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Net income	$ 10,102,062	$ 10,564,534
Interest rate swaps	763,003	(987,076)
Defined benefit plans	1,149,507	28,049
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), NET OF TAX	1,912,510	(959,027)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME	$ 12,014,572	$ 9,605,507

XML

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($)	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]	Total
Balance at Sep. 30, 2019	$ 40,366,320	$ 14,397,072	$ 30,821,917	$ (2,488,917)	$ 83,096,392
Net income (loss)	0	0	10,564,534	0	10,564,534
Other comprehensive income (loss)	0	0	0	(959,027)	(959,027)
Exercise of stock options	149,960	289,548	0	0	439,508
Stock option grants	0	81,380	0	0	81,380
Cash dividends declared	0	0	(5,697,941)	0	(5,697,941)
Issuance costs	0	(147,517)	0	0	(147,517)
Issuance of common stock	284,010	1,226,638	0	0	1,510,648
Balance at Sep. 30, 2020	40,800,290	15,847,121	35,688,510	(3,447,944)	88,887,977
Net income (loss)	0	0	10,102,062	0	10,102,062
Other comprehensive income (loss)	0	0	0	1,912,510	1,912,510
Exercise of stock options	46,250	91,551	0	0	137,801
Stock option grants	0	11,100	0	0	11,100
Cash dividends declared	0	0	(6,134,276)	0	(6,134,276)
Issuance costs	0	(116,926)	0	0	(116,926)
Issuance of common stock	1,028,920	3,872,541	0	0	4,901,461
Balance at Sep. 30, 2021	$ 41,875,460	$ 19,705,387	$ 39,656,296	$ (1,535,434)	$ 99,701,709

XML

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Parentheticals) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Stock options exercised (in shares)	9,250	29,992
Dividends declared per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.74	$ 0.70
Common stock issued (in shares)	205,784	56,802

XML

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$ 10,102,062	$ 10,564,534
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operations:
Depreciation and amortization	8,669,977	8,126,427
Cost of retirement of utility plant, net	(545,443)	(544,696)
Stock option grants	11,100	81,380
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	(1,667,554)	(4,814,874)
Allowance for funds used during construction	(55,981)	(330,208)
Deferred income taxes	106,188	1,122,303
Other noncash items, net	(243,496)	1,837,089
Changes in assets and liabilities which provided (used) cash:
Accounts receivable and customer deposits, net	(1,124,860)	53,213
Inventories and gas in storage	(2,163,184)	734,237
Regulatory and other assets	(6,190,720)	(677,488)
Accounts payable, customer credit balances and accrued expenses, net	2,862,861	659,276
Regulatory liabilities	1,807,158	(3,987,290)
Total adjustments	1,466,046	2,259,369
Net cash provided by operating activities	11,568,108	12,823,903
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Expenditures for utility property	(19,967,567)	(22,916,339)
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate	(6,028,760)	(7,864,859)
Proceeds from disposal of utility property	147,090	60,187
Net cash used in investing activities	(25,849,237)	(30,721,011)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Borrowings under line-of-credit	47,043,566	24,341,134
Repayments under line-of-credit	(38,558,275)	(23,370,002)
Proceeds from issuance of unsecured notes	8,135,000	19,463,000
Debt issuance expenses	(21,545)	(70,750)
Proceeds from issuance of stock	(4,922,337)	(1,802,639)
Cash dividends paid	(6,012,703)	(5,609,195)
Net cash provided by financing activities	15,508,380	16,556,826
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	1,227,251	(1,340,282)
BEGINNING CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	291,066	1,631,348
ENDING CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	1,518,317	291,066
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Interest	3,886,747	3,845,382
Income taxes	$ 3,063,083	$ 1,673,000

XML

Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation—RGC Resources, Inc. is an energy services company primarily engaged in the sale and distribution of natural gas. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Resources and its wholly owned subsidiaries: Roanoke Gas, Midstream and Diversified Energy. Roanoke Gas is a natural gas utility, which distributes and sells natural gas to approximately 62,600 residential, commercial and industrial customers within its service areas in Roanoke, Virginia and the surrounding localities. The Company’s business is seasonal in nature as a majority of natural gas sales are for space heating during the winter season. Roanoke Gas is regulated by the SCC. Midstream is a wholly-owned subsidiary created primarily to invest in the Mountain Valley Pipeline project. Diversified Energy is inactive.

The Company follows accounting and reporting standards established by the FASB and the SEC, including certain provisions allowed under the smaller reporting company exceptions.

Rate Regulated Basis of Accounting—The Company’s regulated operations follow the accounting and reporting requirements of FASB ASC No. 980, Regulated Operations. The economic effects of regulation can result in a regulated company deferring costs that have been or are expected to be recovered from customers in a period different from the period in which the costs would be charged to expense by an unregulated enterprise. When this situation occurs, costs are deferred as assets in the consolidated balance sheet (regulatory assets) and recorded as expenses when such amounts are reflected in rates. Additionally, regulators can impose liabilities upon a regulated company for amounts previously collected from customers and for current collection in rates of costs that are expected to be incurred in the future (regulatory liabilities). In the event the provisions of FASB ASC No. 980 no longer apply to any or all regulatory assets or liabilities, the Company would write off such amounts and include them in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income in the period which FASB ASC No. 980 no longer applied.

Regulatory assets and liabilities included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows: 

	September 30
	2021		2020
Assets:
Current Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Accrued WNA revenues	$	8,104	$	—
Under-recovery of gas costs		5,048,164		1,733,718
Under-recovery of SAVE Plan revenues		305,502		108,550
Accrued pension and postretirement medical		206,679		576,731
Other deferred expenses		88,004		84,315
Total current		5,656,453		2,503,314
Utility Property:
In service:
Other		11,945		11,945
Construction work in progress:
AFUDC		386,189		330,208
Other Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Premium on early retirement of debt		1,484,433		1,598,620
Accrued pension and postretirement medical		5,154,713		9,156,546
Other deferred expenses		130,613		214,928
Total non-current		6,769,759		10,970,094
Total regulatory assets	$	12,824,346	$	13,815,561
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Current Liabilities:
Regulatory liabilities:
WNA	$	—	$	601,784
Deferred income taxes		329,959		205,353
Other deferred liabilities		—		83,176
Total current		329,959		890,313
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:
Asset retirement obligations		7,628,958		7,180,982
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations		13,640,567		12,678,043
Regulatory liabilities:
Deferred income taxes		12,891,242		10,729,082
Total non-current	$	34,160,767	$	30,588,107
Total regulatory liabilities	$	34,490,726	$	31,478,420

Amortization of $84,315 and $1,106,511 of regulatory assets for the years ended September 30, 2021 and  2020, respectively, is included in operations and maintenance expense on the consolidated statements of income. See Note 3 for more information.

As of September 30, 2021, the Company had regulatory assets in the amount of $12,812,401 on which the Company did not earn a return during the recovery period.

Utility Plant and Depreciation—Utility plant is stated at original cost and includes direct labor and materials, contractor costs, and all allocable overhead charges. The Company applies the group method of accounting, where the costs of like assets are aggregated and depreciated by applying a rate based on the average expected useful life of the assets. In accordance with Company policy, expenditures for depreciable assets with a life greater than one year are capitalized, along with any upgrades or improvements to existing assets, when they significantly improve or extend the original expected useful life of an asset. Expenditures for maintenance, repairs, and minor renewals and betterments are expensed as incurred. The original cost of depreciable property retired is removed from utility plant and charged to accumulated depreciation. The cost of asset removals, less salvage, is charged to “regulatory cost of retirement obligations” or “asset retirement obligations” as explained under Asset Retirement Obligations below.

Utility plant is composed of the following major classes of assets:

	September 30
	2021		2020
Distribution and transmission	$	241,493,911	$	227,753,620
LNG storage		14,966,584		14,798,453
General and miscellaneous		15,922,044		15,790,299
Total utility plant in service	$	272,382,539	$	258,342,372

Provisions for depreciation are computed principally at composite straight-line rates over a range of periods. Rates are determined by depreciation studies which are required to be performed at least every 5 years on the regulated utility assets of Roanoke Gas. The last depreciation study was completed and approved by the SCC staff in fiscal 2019. The Company will be required to complete a new depreciation study no later than fiscal 2024. The composite weighted-average depreciation rate was 3.28% and 3.30% for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. 

The composite rates are composed of two components, one based on average service life and one based on cost of retirement. As a result, the Company accrues the estimated cost of retirement of long-lived assets through depreciation expense. These retirement costs are not a legal obligation but rather the result of cost-based regulation and are accounted for under the provisions of FASB ASC No. 980. Such amounts are classified as a regulatory liability.

The Company reviews long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. These reviews have not identified any impairments which would have a material effect on the results of operations or financial condition.

In fiscal 2020, Roanoke Gas implemented the application of AFUDC related to infrastructure investments associated with two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP. This treatment allows capitalizing both the equity and debt financing costs during the construction phases. For the years ended September 30, 2021, and 2020, the Company capitalized $14,003 and $81,629 of debt financing costs and $41,978 and $248,579 of equity financing costs, respectively, thereby affecting the interest expense and other income, net lines of the related consolidated statements of income. See Note 3 for further information.

Asset Retirement Obligations—FASB ASC No. 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations, requires entities to record the fair value of a liability for an ARO when there exists a legal obligation for the retirement of the asset. When the liability is initially recorded, the entity capitalizes the cost, thereby increasing the carrying amount of the underlying asset. In subsequent periods, the liability is accreted, and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. The Company has recorded AROs for its future legal obligations related to purging and capping its distribution mains and services upon retirement, although the timing of such retirements is uncertain.

The Company’s composite depreciation rates include a component to provide for the cost of retirement of assets. As a result, the Company accrues the estimated cost of retirement of its utility plant through depreciation expense and creates a corresponding regulatory liability. The costs of retirement considered in the development of the depreciation component include those costs associated with the legal liability. Therefore, the ARO is reclassified from the regulatory cost of retirement obligation. If the legal obligations were to exceed the regulatory liability provided for in the depreciation rates, the Company would establish a regulatory asset for such difference with the anticipation of future recovery through rates charged to customers.

The following is a summary of the AROs:

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Beginning balance	$	7,180,982		$	6,788,683
Liabilities incurred		214,533			165,524
Liabilities settled		(160,064	)		(150,345	)
Accretion		393,507			377,120
Ending balance	$	7,628,958		$	7,180,982

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments—From time to time, the Company will have balances on deposit at banks in excess of the amount insured by the FDIC. The Company has not experienced any losses on these accounts and does not consider these amounts to be at risk. As of September 30, 2021, the Company did not have any bank deposits in excess of the FDIC insurance limits. For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Customer Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts—Accounts receivable include amounts billed to customers for natural gas sales and related services and gas sales occurring subsequent to normal billing cycles but before the end of the period. The Company provides an estimate for losses on these receivables by utilizing historical information, current account balances, account aging and current economic conditions. Customer accounts are charged off annually when deemed uncollectible or when turned over to a collection agency for action.

Due to the impact of COVID-19 on businesses and individuals, customer delinquent and past due balances increased significantly over the last two years. The allowance for doubtful accounts disclosed below has been adjusted to reflect the impact of $859,000 in pending ARPA funds.  Without the ARPA and CARES Act funds, the allowance for doubtful accounts would have been more than $1 million as of September 30, 2021. See Notes 3 and 15 for additional information.

A reconciliation of changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts is as follows: 

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Beginning balance	$	703,140		$	110,743
Provision for doubtful accounts		(400,614	)		556,112
Recoveries of accounts written off		88,893			139,113
Accounts written off		(149,409	)		(102,828	)
Ending balance	$	242,010		$	703,140

Financing Receivables—Financing receivables represent a contractual right to receive money either on demand, or on fixed or determinable dates, and are recognized as assets on the entity’s balance sheet. Trade receivables, resulting from the sale of natural gas and other services to customers, are the Company's primary type of financing receivables. These receivables are short-term in nature with a provision for uncollectible balances included in the consolidated financial statements.

Inventories—Natural gas in storage and materials and supplies inventories are recorded at average cost. Natural gas storage injections are priced at the purchase cost at the time of injection and storage withdrawals are priced at the weighted average cost of gas in storage. Materials and supplies are removed from inventory at average cost.

Unbilled Revenues—The Company bills its natural gas customers on a monthly cycle; however, the billing cycle for most customers does not coincide with the accounting periods used for financial reporting. As the Company recognizes revenue when gas is delivered, an accrual is made to estimate revenues for natural gas delivered to customers but not billed during the accounting period. The amounts of unbilled revenue receivable included in accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2021 and 2020 were $1,191,227 and $1,041,518, respectively.

Income Taxes—Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance against deferred tax assets is provided if it is more likely than not the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company and its subsidiaries file consolidated state and federal income tax returns.

Debt Expenses—Debt issuance expenses are deferred and amortized over the lives of the debt instruments. The unamortized balances are offset against the carrying value of long-term debt.

Over/Under-Recovery of Natural Gas Costs—Pursuant to the provisions of the Company’s PGA clause, the SCC provides the Company with a method of passing along to its customers increases or decreases in natural gas costs incurred by its regulated operations, including gains and losses on natural gas derivative hedging instruments. On at least a quarterly basis, the Company files a PGA rate adjustment request with the SCC to increase or decrease the gas cost component of its rates, based on projected price and activity. Once administrative approval is received, the Company adjusts the gas cost component of its rates to reflect the approved amount. As actual costs will differ from the projections used in establishing the PGA rate, the Company may either over-recover or under-recover its actual gas costs during the period. Any difference between actual costs incurred and costs recovered through the application of the PGA is recorded as a regulatory asset or liability. At the end of the deferral period, the balance of the net deferred charge or credit is amortized over an ensuing 12-month period as amounts are reflected in customer bills.

Fair Value—Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between willing market participants at the measurement date. The Company determines fair value based on the following fair value hierarchy which prioritizes each input to the valuation methods into one of the following three broad levels:

• Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

• Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices in Level 1 that are either for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

• Level 3 – Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability where there is little, if any, market activity which require the Company to develop its own assumptions.

The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). All fair value disclosures are categorized within one of the three categories in the hierarchy. See fair value disclosures below and in Notes 9 and 13.

Use of Estimates—The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Excise and Sales Taxes—Certain excise and sales taxes imposed by the state and local governments in the Company’s service territory are collected by the Company from its customers. These taxes are accounted for on a net basis and therefore are not included as revenues in the Company’s consolidated income statements.

Earnings Per Share—Basic EPS and diluted EPS are calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period and the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period plus dilutive potential common shares, respectively. Dilutive potential common shares are calculated in accordance with the treasury stock method, which assumes that proceeds from the exercise of all options are used to repurchase common stock at market value. The amount of shares remaining after the proceeds are exhausted represents the potentially dilutive effect of the securities. A reconciliation of basic and diluted EPS is presented below: 

	Years Ended September 30
	2021		2020
Net Income	$	10,102,062	$	10,564,534
Weighted-average common shares		8,251,802		8,125,938
Effect of dilutive securities:
Options to purchase common stock		13,102		20,728
Diluted average common shares		8,264,904		8,146,666
Earnings Per Share of Common Stock:
Basic	$	1.22	$	1.30
Diluted	$	1.22	$	1.30

Business and Credit Concentrations—The primary business of the Company is the distribution of natural gas to residential, commercial and industrial customers in its service territories.

No sales to individual customers accounted for more than 5% of total revenue in any period or amounted to more than 5% of total accounts receivable.

Roanoke Gas currently holds the only franchises and CPCNs to distribute natural gas in its service area. These franchises are effective through January 1, 2036. The Company's current CPCNs in Virginia are exclusive and are intended for perpetual duration.

Roanoke Gas is served directly by two primary pipelines that provide all of the natural gas supplied to the Company’s customers. Depending upon weather conditions and the level of customer demand, failure of one or both of these transmission pipelines could have a major adverse impact on the Company.

Derivative and Hedging Activities—FASB ASC No. 815, Derivatives and Hedging, requires the recognition of all derivative instruments as assets or liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and measurement of those instruments at fair value.

The Company’s hedging and derivatives policy allows management to enter into derivatives for the purpose of managing the commodity and financial market risks of its business operations. The Company’s hedging and derivatives policy specifically prohibits the use of derivatives for speculative purposes. The key market risks that the Company may hedge against include the price of natural gas and the cost of borrowed funds.

The Company historically has entered into collars, swaps and caps for the purpose of hedging the price of natural gas in order to provide price stability during the winter months. The fair value of these instruments is recorded in the consolidated balance sheets with the offsetting entry to either under- or over-recovery of gas costs. Net income and other comprehensive income are not affected by the change in market value as any cost incurred or benefit received from these instruments is recoverable or refunded through the PGA as the SCC allows for full recovery of prudent costs associated with natural gas purchases. At September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company had no outstanding derivative instruments for the purchase of natural gas.

The Company has five interest rate swaps associated with its variable rate debt. Roanoke Gas has a swap on its $7 million term note that effectively converts the variable interest rate into a 2.30% fixed interest rate. During fiscal 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into two delayed draw variable-rate term notes in the amounts of $15 million and $10 million, with corresponding swap agreements to convert the variable interest rates into fixed rates of 2.00% and 2.49%, respectively. Proceeds associated with the delayed draw notes were not received during the current fiscal year; therefore, the swaps associated with those notes were not effective during fiscal 2021. Midstream has two variable-rate term notes in the amount of $14 million and $10 million with corresponding swap agreements to convert the variable interest rates into fixed rates of 3.24% and 3.14%, respectively. All swaps qualify as a cash flow hedge with changes in fair value reported in other comprehensive income. Any cash flows from interest rate swaps are classified as interest expense. No portion of the swaps were deemed ineffective during the period.

See Notes 7 and 13 for additional information on the swaps and fair value.

Non-Cash Activity — A non-cash decrease in unconsolidated affiliate and corresponding decrease in capital contributions payable of $371,800 and $2,512,387 occurred for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)—A summary of other comprehensive income is provided below:

				Tax
	Before Tax			(Expense)			Net of Tax
	Amount			or Benefit			Amount
Year Ended September 30, 2021:
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized gains	$	473,880		$	(121,978	)	$	351,902
Transfer of realized losses to interest expense		553,593			(142,492	)		411,101
Net interest rate swaps		1,027,473			(264,470	)		763,003
Defined benefit plans:
Net gains arising during period	$	1,467,879		$	(377,832	)	$	1,090,047
Amortization of actuarial losses		80,069			(20,609	)		59,460
Net defined benefit plans		1,547,948			(398,441	)		1,149,507
Other comprehensive income	$	2,575,421		$	(662,911	)	$	1,912,510
Year Ended September 30, 2020:
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(1,594,126	)	$	410,328		$	(1,183,798	)
Transfer of realized losses to interest expense		264,911			(68,189	)		196,722
Net interest rate swaps		(1,329,215	)		342,139			(987,076	)
Defined benefit plans:
Net loss arising during period	$	(52,669	)	$	13,557		$	(39,112	)
Amortization of actuarial losses		90,441			(23,280	)		67,161
Net defined benefit plans		37,772			(9,723	)		28,049
Other comprehensive loss	$	(1,291,443	)	$	332,416		$	(959,027	)

The amortization of actuarial gains or losses are included as a component of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs under other income, net.

Composition of AOCI: 

	Interest Rate Swaps			Defined Benefit Plans			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance September 30, 2019	$	(664,137	)	$	(1,824,780	)	$	(2,488,917	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(987,076	)		28,049			(959,027	)
Balance September 30, 2020		(1,651,213	)		(1,796,731	)		(3,447,944	)
Other comprehensive income		763,003			1,149,507			1,912,510
Balance September 30, 2021	$	(888,210	)	$	(647,224	)	$	(1,535,434	)

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. This ASU leaves the accounting for leases mostly unchanged for lessors, with the exception of targeted improvements for consistency; however, the new guidance requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with terms of more than 12 months. The ASU also revises the definition of a lease as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Under prior GAAP, the presentation and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee primarily depended on its classification as a finance or operating lease. The new ASU requires both types of leases to be recognized on the balance sheet. In addition, the new guidance includes quantitative and qualitative disclosure requirements to aid financial statement users in better understanding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-01, which provides a practical expedient that allows entities the option of not evaluating existing land easements under the new lease standard for those easements that were entered into prior to adoption. New or modified land easements will require evaluation on a prospective basis. The new guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 30, 2021 and interim periods within that annual period.

The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 and related guidance effective October 1, 2019. At the time of adoption, the Company had one operating lease. This lease, which was renewed in fiscal 2021, calls for monthly payments in the amount of $1,100 and is set to expire in September 2025. As the value of this lease obligation was determined to be de minimis and the Company has not entered into any additional lease obligations, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting For Hedging Activities. The ASU is meant to simplify recognition and presentation guidance in an effort to improve financial reporting of cash flow and fair value hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity's risk management activities. This is achieved through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships, as well as changes to the presentation of hedge results. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2019. As the Company currently has only cash flow hedges and no portion of these hedges were deemed ineffective during the periods presented, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract. This ASU reduces the complexity of accounting for costs of implementing a cloud computing service arrangement and aligns the following requirements to capitalize implementation costs: 1) those incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract, and 2) those incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software, including hosting arrangements that include an internal software license. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2019. The new guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20) - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. This ASU modifies disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2020. The new guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) - Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. In combination with 2021-01, the ASU provides temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for and recognizing the effects of reference rate change on financial reporting. The new guidance applies specifically to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR, or any other referenced rate that is expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. The new guidance is effective for the Company through December 31, 2022. The Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) Benchmark Administration, the administrator for LIBOR and other inter-bank offered rates, announced that the LIBOR rates for one-day, one-month, six-month and one-year will cease publication in  June 2023 and that no new financial contracts  may use LIBOR after  December 31, 2021. Currently, all of the Company's LIBOR based financial contracts are based on the one-month LIBOR rate. None of the holders of these financial contracts have indicated when a transition from LIBOR will occur. Accordingly, the Company does not anticipate adopting this guidance until fiscal 2022. The new guidance could result in a significant impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations, and cash flows when the reference rate is changed for related contracts.

Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standard–setting bodies are not currently applicable to the Company or are not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

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Note 2 - Revenue

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Text Block]

2. REVENUE

The Company assesses new contracts and identifies related performance obligations for promises to transfer distinct goods or services to the customer. Revenue is recognized when performance obligations have been satisfied. In the case of Roanoke Gas, the Company contracts with its customers for the sale and/or delivery of natural gas.

The following tables summarize revenue by customer, product and income statement classification for the years ended September 30:

	2021
	Gas utility		Non-utility		Total operating revenues
Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):
Residential	$	43,108,790	$	—	$	43,108,790
Commercial		25,217,030		—		25,217,030
Industrial and Transportation		4,973,885		—		4,973,885
Other		429,397		129,676		559,073
Total contracts with customers		73,729,102		129,676		73,858,778
Alternative Revenue Programs		1,316,001		—		1,316,001
Total operating revenues	$	75,045,103	$	129,676	$	75,174,779

	2020
	Gas utility		Non-utility		Total operating revenues
Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):
Residential	$	37,022,219	$	—	$	37,022,219
Commercial		18,387,674		—		18,387,674
Industrial and Transportation		5,188,069		—		5,188,069
Other		489,943		666,466		1,156,409
Total contracts with customers		61,087,905		666,466		61,754,371
Alternative Revenue Programs		1,321,020		—		1,321,020
Total operating revenues	$	62,408,925	$	666,466	$	63,075,391

Gas utility revenues

Substantially all of Roanoke Gas’ revenues are derived from rates authorized by the SCC through its tariffs. Based on its evaluation, the Company has concluded that these tariff-based revenues fall within the scope of ASC 606. Tariff rates represent the transaction price. Performance obligations created under these tariff-based sales include commodity (the cost of natural gas sold to customers) and delivery (transporting natural gas through the Company’s distribution system to customers). The delivery of natural gas to customers results in the satisfaction of the Company’s respective performance obligations over time.

All customers are billed monthly based on consumption as measured by metered usage. Revenue is recognized as bills are issued for natural gas that has been delivered or transported. In addition, the Company utilizes the practical expedient that allows an entity to recognize the invoiced amount as revenue, if that amount corresponds to the value received by the customer. Since customers are billed tariff rates, there is no variable consideration in the transaction price.

Unbilled revenue is included in residential and commercial revenues in the preceding table. Natural gas consumption is estimated for the period subsequent to the last billed date and up through the last day of the month. Estimated volumes and approved tariff rates are utilized to calculate unbilled revenue. The following month, the unbilled estimate is reversed, the actual usage is billed and a new unbilled estimate is calculated. The Company obtains metered usage for industrial customers at the end of each month, thereby eliminating any unbilled consideration for these rate classes.

Other revenues

Other revenues primarily consist of miscellaneous fees and charges, utility-related revenues not directly billed to utility customers and billings for non-utility activities. Regarding these activities, the customer is invoiced monthly based on services provided. The Company utilizes the practical expedient allowing revenue to be recognized based on invoiced amounts. The transaction price is based on a contractually predetermined rate schedule; therefore, the transaction price represents total value to the customer and no variable price consideration exists.

Alternative Revenue Program revenues

ARPs, which fall outside the scope of ASC 606, are SCC approved mechanisms that allow for the adjustment of revenues for certain broad, external factors, or for additional billings if the entity achieves certain performance targets. The Company's ARPs include its WNA, which adjusts revenues for the effects of weather temperature variations as compared to the 30-year average, and the SAVE Plan over/under collection mechanism, which adjusts revenues for the differences between SAVE Plan revenues billed to customers and the revenues earned, as calculated based on the timing and extent of infrastructure replacement completed during the period. These amounts are ultimately collected from, or returned to, customers through future rate changes approved by the SCC.

Customer Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable, as reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, includes both billed and unbilled customer revenues, as well as amounts that are not related to customers. The balances of customer receivables are provided below:

	Current Assets				Current Liabilities
	Trade accounts receivable (1)		Unbilled revenue (1)		Customer credit balances			Customer deposits
September 30, 2020	$	2,343,492	$	1,041,518	$	1,587,061		$	1,611,476
September 30, 2021		3,722,916		1,191,227		1,539,680			1,571,342
Increase (decrease)	$	1,379,424	$	149,709	$	(47,381	)	$	(40,134	)

⁽¹⁾ Included in "Accounts receivable, net" in the consolidated balance sheet. Amounts shown net of reserve for bad debts.

The Company had no significant contract assets or liabilities during the period. Furthermore, the Company did not incur any significant costs to obtain contracts.

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Note 3 - Regulatory Matters

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Public Utilities Disclosure [Text Block]

3. REGULATORY MATTERS

The SCC exercises regulatory authority over the natural gas operations of Roanoke Gas. Such regulation encompasses terms, conditions and rates to be charged to customers for natural gas service, safety standards, service extension and depreciation.

In  May 2021, Roanoke Gas filed its most recent SAVE application with the SCC to update the SAVE Rider for the period  October 2021 through  September 2022. The application requested the continued recovery of pre-1973 plastic pipe replacement costs, as well as inclusion of the replacement of several regulator stations and pre-1971 coated steel pipe as qualifying projects. On August 25, 2021, the SCC issued its final order that approved the Company's requested $3.25 million in annual revenue, which is a $1.1 million increase over the existing SAVE Rider rates.

On January 24, 2020, the SCC issued its final order on the general rate application. Under the provisions of this order, Roanoke Gas was granted an annualized non-gas rate increase of $7.25 million and provided for a 9.44% return on equity. In March 2020, the Company completed the refund of $3.8 million for revenues collected from the interim rates in excess of the final approved rates, including interest.

The final order did not provide for a return on Roanoke Gas infrastructure investments associated with two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP; however, the order did provide for the ability to defer financing costs related to these investments for consideration of future recovery. The Company is deferring these costs through the application of AFUDC, which capitalizes both the equity and debt financing costs during the construction phases. Roanoke Gas applied AFUDC treatment retroactively to January 1, 2019, the date new non-gas rates became effective. The January 1, 2019 date was affirmed by the SCC in its October 1, 2020 order in the Company’s 2019 annual informational filing docket. Amounts capitalized are disclosed in the Utility Plant and Depreciation section of Note 1.

In 2020, Roanoke Gas accelerated amortization of the remaining balance of its ESAC assets. This acceleration was the result of the Company's preliminary earnings test for fiscal 2020. The SCC requires regulated utilities with certain regulatory assets to perform and submit an annual earnings test. Specific to ESAC assets, if the results indicate that earnings exceed the mid-point of its authorized return on equity range, the Company must write-down certain regulatory assets to the point where the actual return for the period falls to the mid-point. As Roanoke Gas' fiscal 2020 unadjusted earnings exceeded the mid-point, the Company accelerated amortization of the related ESAC assets.

The service disconnection moratorium, under which the Company has been operating since March 16, 2020 in response to COVID-19, expired August 30, 2021. During the moratorium utilities were prohibited from disconnecting customers for non-payment and from assessing late payment fees; therefore, residential customers that ordinarily would have been disconnected for non-payment continued incurring charges for gas service. As a result, the Company's arrearage balances were at historic levels prior to the application of the CARES Act funds and pending application of the ARPA funds.

In  December 2020, Roanoke Gas received $403,000 in CARES Act funds and was able to apply the funds to eligible customer accounts.

The Company applied for ARPA funds to assist its customers with their arrearages. On October 28, 2021, Roanoke Gas received SCC communication that it had qualified for and will receive ARPA funds in the amount of $858,556 pursuant to Chapter 1 of the 2021 Virginia Acts of Assembly, Special Session II. The Company's arrearage balances will be favorably impacted when these funds are received and applied to customer accounts in early fiscal 2022.  See Note 15 for additional information.

In  April 2020, the SCC issued an order allowing regulated utilities in Virginia to defer certain incremental, prudently incurred costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and to apply for recovery at a future date. Roanoke Gas deferred $217,000 in COVID-19 related costs during fiscal 2021; however, due to preliminary earnings results that were outside of the authorized range, the Company reversed the regulatory asset and recognized the COVID-19 related costs as expense in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021.

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Note 4 - Segment Information

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Segment Reporting Disclosure [Text Block]

4. SEGMENT INFORMATION

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and is evaluated regularly by the Company's chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company uses operating income and equity in earnings to assess segment performance.

Intersegment transactions are recorded at cost.

The reportable segments disclosed herein are defined as follows:

Gas Utility - The natural gas distribution segment of the Company generates revenue from its tariff rates and other regulatory mechanisms through which it provides for the sale and distribution of natural gas to its residential, commercial and industrial customers.

Investment in Affiliates - The investment in affiliates segment reflects the income generated through the activities of the Company's investment in MVP and Southgate projects.

Parent and Other - Parent and other include the unregulated activities of the Company as well as certain corporate eliminations.

Information related to the segments of the Company are provided below:

	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates			Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
For the Year Ended September 30, 2021:
Operating revenues	$	75,045,103	$	—		$	129,676	$	75,174,779
Depreciation		8,424,620		—			—		8,424,620
Operating income (loss)		14,955,375		(267,391	)		90,325		14,778,309
Equity in earnings		—		1,667,554			—		1,667,554
Interest expense		2,812,107		1,239,778			—		4,051,885
Income before income taxes		13,043,470		171,861			90,793		13,306,124
As of September 30, 2021:
Total assets	$	231,737,427	$	65,686,376		$	12,685,390	$	310,109,193
Gross additions to utility property		19,967,567		—			—		19,967,567
Gross investment in MVP and Southgate		—		6,028,760			—		6,028,760

	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates			Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
For the Year Ended September 30, 2020:
Operating revenues	$	62,408,925	$	—		$	666,466	$	63,075,391
Depreciation		7,890,725		—			—		7,890,725
Operating income (loss)		12,429,613		(220,194	)		308,763		12,518,182
Equity in earnings		—		4,814,874			—		4,814,874
Interest expense		2,730,822		1,368,336			—		4,099,158
Income before income taxes		10,350,946		3,233,233			286,015		13,870,194
As of September 30, 2020:
Total assets	$	211,994,364	$	57,660,105		$	12,025,038	$	281,679,507
Gross additions to utility property		22,916,339		—			—		22,916,339
Gross investment in MVP and Southgate		—		7,864,859			—		7,864,859

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Note 5 - Other Investments

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures Disclosure [Text Block]

5. OTHER INVESTMENTS

Midstream is an approximately 1% equity investment owner of the LLC constructing the MVP. Due to various legal and regulatory delays, the LLC changed its approach in seeking authorization to cross all remaining streams and wetlands on the project route. It requested individual permits from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to cross certain streams and wetlands utilizing open cut techniques and has applied to amend the MVP project's CPCN to seek FERC authority to cross certain streams and wetlands utilizing alternative trenchless construction methods. The LLC is targeting a full in-service date for the MVP project in summer 2022 at a total project cost of approximately $6.2 billion, with Midstream's total cash contribution expected to approach $65 million.

The LLC temporarily suspended accruing AFUDC on the project beginning January 1, 2021 and through March 31, 2021 due to a temporary reduction in growth construction activities. The LLC resumed accruing AFUDC beginning April 1, 2021 associated with certain growth construction activities resuming. The amount of AFUDC recognized during the current and prior years is included in the tables below.

Roanoke Gas will continue to suspend accruing AFUDC on its two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP until such time as construction activities resume on the respective gate stations. Roanoke Gas recognized $55,981 of AFUDC associated with these gate stations during the first fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2020.

In April 2018, the LLC announced the MVP Southgate project. Midstream is a less than 1% investor in the project, which is being accounted for under the cost method. Total project cost is estimated to be nearly $500 million, of which Midstream's portion is estimated to be approximately $2.1 million. The LLC is targeting the commencement of the MVP Southgate construction in 2022 and placing the MVP Southgate in-service during the spring of 2023.

Funding for Midstream's investments in the LLC for both the MVP and Southgate projects is being provided through two variable rate unsecured promissory notes, under a non-revolving credit agreement maturing in December 2022, and two additional notes issued in June 2019. See Note 7 for a schedule of debt instruments.

The Company will participate in the earnings generated from the transportation of natural gas through both pipelines proportionate to its level of investment once the pipelines are placed in service.

Midstream utilized a third-party business valuation specialist to assist in Management's assessment of the MVP investment in accordance with ASC 323, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures. As a result of its evaluation, including consideration of the valuation specialist's report,  management has concluded that the investment is not currently impaired as of September 30, 2021. Furthermore, the LLC has conducted its own evaluation of the project and has also concluded that no impairment exists as of September 30, 2021. Management will continue monitoring the status of the project for circumstances that may lead to future impairment, including any significant delays or denials of necessary permits and approvals. If necessary, the amount and timing of any future impairment would be dependent on the specific circumstances at the time of evaluation.

The investments in the LLC are included in the consolidated financial statements as follows:

	September 30
Balance Sheet location:	2021		2020
Other Assets:
MVP	$	64,462,194	$	57,183,063
Southgate		405,125		359,742
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	$	64,867,319	$	57,542,805
Current Liabilities:
MVP	$	2,139,696	$	2,501,883
Southgate		941		10,554
Capital contributions payable	$	2,140,637	$	2,512,437

	Years Ended September 30
Income Statement location:	2021		2020
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	$	1,667,554	$	4,814,874

	September 30
	2021		2020
Undistributed earnings, net of income taxes, of MVP in retained earnings	$	8,081,027	$	6,842,702

The change in the investment in unconsolidated affiliates is provided below:

	September 30
	2021			2020
Cash investment	$	6,028,760		$	7,864,859
Change in accrued capital calls		(371,800	)		(2,512,387	)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate		1,667,554			4,814,874
Change in investment in unconsolidated affiliates	$	7,324,514		$	10,167,346

Summary unaudited financial statements of MVP are presented below. Southgate financial statements, which are accounted for under the cost method, are not included:

	Income Statements
	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
AFUDC	$	165,048,237		$	479,586,911
Net other income (expense)		(388,436	)		714,128
Net income	$	164,659,801		$	480,301,039

	Balance Sheets
	September 30
	2021		2020
Assets:
Current assets	$	208,961,113	$	513,713,429
Construction work in progress		6,281,991,035		5,536,248,668
Other assets		980,410		4,597,441
Total assets	$	6,491,932,558	$	6,054,559,538
Liabilities and Equity:
Current liabilities	$	200,441,027	$	187,581,804
Noncurrent liabilities		13,000		245,000
Capital		6,291,478,531		5,866,732,734
Total liabilities and equity	$	6,491,932,558	$	6,054,559,538

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Note 6 - Line-of-credit

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Debt Disclosure [Text Block]

6. LINE-OF-CREDIT

On March 25, 2021, Roanoke Gas renewed its unsecured line-of-credit agreement for a two-year term expiring March 31, 2023 with a maximum borrowing limit of $40 million.  Amounts drawn against the agreement are considered to be non-current as the balance under the line-of-credit is not subject to repayment within the next 12-month period.  The agreement has a variable-interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points and an availability fee of 15 basis points and provides multi-tiered borrowing limits associated with the seasonal borrowing demands of the Company.  The Company's total available borrowing limits during the term of the agreement range from $14 million to $40 million.

The Company's total available borrowing limits for the remaining term are as follows:

	Available
As of	Line-of-Credit
September 30, 2021	$	32,000,000
March 1, 2022		25,000,000
July 20, 2022		32,000,000
October 19, 2022		40,000,000
March 1, 2023		34,000,000

A summary of the line-of-credit follows:

	September 30
	2021			2020
Available line-of-credit at year-end	$	32,000,000		$	19,000,000
Outstanding balance at year-end		17,628,897			9,143,606
Highest month-end balance outstanding		17,628,897			12,983,210
Average daily balance		10,042,073			3,286,033
Average rate of interest during year on outstanding balances		1.12	%		2.16	%
Interest rate at year-end		1.08	%		1.15	%
Interest rate on unused line-of-credit		0.15	%		0.15	%

Associated with the line-of-credit is a credit agreement that contains various representations, warranties and covenants including a requirement that the Company maintain an interest coverage ratio of not less than 1.5 to 1 and a long-term debt to long-term capitalization ratio of less than 65%.

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Note 7 - Long-term Debt

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Long-term Debt [Text Block]

7. LONG-TERM DEBT

On October 29, 2021 Midstream entered into an unsecured promissory note in the principal amount of $8 million with an interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 115 basis points maturing December 1, 2027. Related to this note, Midstream also entered into an interest rate swap agreement that effectively converts the variable rate note into a fixed rate instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.443%. The loan will convert into an installment loan with principal pay-down beginning in fiscal 2023. In addition, this note reduces the borrowing capacity defined by the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement and related Promissory Notes. The total borrowing capacity declined from $41 million to $33 million effective with the new promissory note.  All other terms of the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement remain unchanged.

On September 24, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into a Loan Agreement ("Agreement") and an unsecured Delayed Draw Promissory Note in the principal amount of $10 million ("Promissory Note"). Under the provisions of the Agreement, Roanoke Gas will receive a first advance of $5 million on or about April 1, 2022 with the remaining $5 million received on or about October 1, 2022. The Promissory Note has an interest rate of 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points and a maturity date of October 1, 2028. The proceeds from this Promissory Note will be used to finance Roanoke Gas' infrastructure enhancement and replacement projects.  Also, on September 24, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into an interest rate swap agreement for $10 million corresponding to the term and draw provisions of the Agreement, which effectively converts the variable rate Promissory Note to a fixed instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.49%.

On August 20, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into an unsecured Delayed Draw Term Note in the principal amount of $15 million ("Term Note") with an interest rate of 1.20% above 30-day SOFR Average per annum maturing on August 20, 2026. In connection with the Term Note, Roanoke Gas also entered into the Sixth Amendment to its Credit Agreement ("Amendment"), which amends the original Credit Agreement with the corresponding bank dated March 31, 2016 and all subsequent amendments. The Amendment aligns the termination date and the maximum principal amount available under the Term Note and retains all other terms and requirements of prior credit agreements. The proceeds from this Term Note will be used to finance Roanoke Gas' infrastructure enhancement and replacement projects, as well as to refinance a portion of its existing debt. Also, on August 20, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into an interest rate swap agreement for $15 million corresponding to the duration of the Term Note, which effectively converts the variable rate note to a fixed rate instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.00%. The Term Note funded in full on October 1, 2021.  

Roanoke Gas also has other unsecured notes at varying fixed interest rates as well as a variable-rate note with interest based on 30-day LIBOR plus 90 basis points. The variable rate note is hedged by a swap agreement, which converts the debt into a fixed-rate instrument with an annual interest rate of 2.30%.

Midstream has two variable rate notes in the amounts of $14 million and $10 million that are hedged by swap agreements, which effectively convert the interest rates to 3.24% and 3.14%, respectively.

Long-term debt consists of the following:

	September 30
	2021					2020
	Principal			Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs		Principal		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs
Roanoke Gas:
Unsecured senior notes payable, at 4.26%, due September 18, 2034	$	30,500,000		$	125,502	$	30,500,000	$	135,157
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 0.90%, due November 1, 2021		7,000,000			278		7,000,000		3,613
Unsecured term notes payable, at 3.58% due October 2, 2027		8,000,000			28,896		8,000,000		33,712
Unsecured term notes payable at 4.41%, due March 28, 2031		10,000,000			29,760		10,000,000		32,892
Unsecured term notes payable at 3.60%, due December 6, 2029		10,000,000			29,062		10,000,000		32,585
Unsecured delayed draw notes payable		—			21,545		—		—
Midstream:
Unsecured term notes payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35% due December 29, 2022		33,610,200			14,904		25,475,200		38,728
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.15%, due June 12, 2026		14,000,000			11,437		14,000,000		13,844
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.20%, due June 1, 2024		10,000,000			6,286		10,000,000		8,644
Total notes payable, current and noncurrent	$	123,110,200		$	267,670	$	114,975,200	$	299,175
Line-of-credit, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%, due March 31, 2023		17,628,897			—		9,143,606		—
Total long-term debt	$	140,739,097		$	267,670	$	124,118,806	$	299,175
Less: current maturities of long-term debt		(7,000,000	)		—		—		—
Total long-term debt, net current maturities	$	133,739,097		$	267,670	$	124,118,806	$	299,175

Debt issuance costs are amortized over the life of the related debt. As of September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company also had an unamortized loss on the early retirement of debt of $1,484,433 and $1,598,620, respectively, which has been deferred as a regulatory asset and is being amortized over a 20 year period.

All of the debt agreements set forth certain representations, warranties and covenants to which the Company is subject, including financial covenants that require the ratio of long-term debt to long-term capitalization to not exceed 65%. All of the debt agreements except for the line-of-credit provide for priority indebtedness to not exceed 15% of consolidated total assets. The Company was in compliance with all debt covenants as of September 30, 2021 and 2020.

The aggregate annual maturities of long-term debt for the next five years ending after September 30, 2021 are as follows:

Year Ending September 30	Maturities
2022	$	7,000,000
2023		51,239,097
2024		10,000,000
2025		—
2026		14,000,000
Thereafter		58,500,000
Total	$	140,739,097

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Note 8 - Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]

8. INCOME TAXES

Under the provisions of ASC 740 - Income Taxes, the deferred tax assets and liabilities of the Company were revalued in fiscal 2018 to reflect the reduction in the corporate federal income tax rate.  As a result of the revaluation, the excess deferred income taxes of the regulated operations of Roanoke Gas were reclassified to a regulatory liability.  The excess deferred taxes related to the depreciable property are being returned to customers through reduced billings over the remaining weighted average useful life of the property with a corresponding reduction in income tax expense. The excess deferred taxes related to the other regulatory basis differences are being collected from customers over a five year period.

During fiscal 2021, the Company engaged an outside firm to conduct a study of its activities that would qualify for the Research and Development ("R&D") credit under 26 U.S. Code § 41 - Credit for increasing research activities.  Upon completion of this study, the Company filed amended federal income tax returns for the 2017, 2018 and 2019 fiscal years to claim the R&D tax credit.  The Company also filed for the R&D tax credit on its fiscal 2020 federal income tax return.  The total credits claimed on the income tax returns amounted to $3,169,656, which was offset by an increase of $636,694 in income tax resulting from the add back to taxable income of an amount equal to the total tax credits claimed for the 2017, 2018 and 2019 fiscal years.  The Company deferred the remaining tax credits as a regulatory liability because they related to utility plant.  These credits will be amortized over the 20 year tax-life of the related utility plant.  A portion of these tax credits were generated as a result of expenditures that qualify under the SAVE Plan and are subject to return to customers through a reduction in the corresponding SAVE rates in future periods.  Annual amortization of the tax credits is expected to be approximately $124,000 with a reduction in annual SAVE revenues of approximately $40,000.

The Company also applied for a Virginia State tax credit related to the R&D study. The amount to be awarded has not yet been determined and therefore is not included in the consolidated financial statements at this time.

The current year tax expense includes the recognition of a federal solar tax credit and Virginia Neighborhood Assistance Tax Credits.

The details of income tax expense are as follows: 

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Current income taxes:
Federal	$	2,527,997		$	1,841,124
State		569,877			342,233
Total current income taxes		3,097,874			2,183,357
Deferred income taxes:
Federal		(137,159	)		644,682
State		243,347			477,621
Total deferred income taxes		106,188			1,122,303
Total income tax expense	$	3,204,062		$	3,305,660

Income tax expense for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 differed from amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate to earnings before income taxes due to the following:

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Income before income taxes	$	13,306,124		$	13,870,194
Corporate federal income tax rate		21	%		21	%
Income tax expense computed at the federal statutory rate	$	2,794,286		$	2,912,741
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit		642,447			647,685
Net amortization of excess deferred taxes on regulated operations		(162,228	)		(162,228	)
Tax benefit recognized on stock compensation		(4,099	)		(114,984	)
Tax credits		(86,839	)		—
Other, net		20,495			22,446
Total income tax expense	$	3,204,062		$	3,305,660

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows:

	September 30
	2021		2020
Deferred tax assets:
Allowance for uncollectibles	$	62,292	$	180,986
Accrued pension and postretirement medical benefits		195,044		651,356
Regulatory effect of change in federal income tax rate		2,761,667		2,814,525
Accrued paid time off		137,175		140,635
Cost of gas held in storage		753,344		604,962
Deferred compensation		915,749		992,605
Interest rate swaps		307,873		572,343
Accrued gas cost		289,801		—
Other		98,642		97,564
Total gross deferred tax assets	$	5,521,587	$	6,054,976
Deferred tax liabilities:
Utility plant	$	18,643,863	$	18,310,474
MVP investment		1,825,937		1,693,075
Other		—		25,189
Total gross deferred tax liabilities	$	20,469,800	$	20,028,738
Net deferred tax liability	$	14,948,213	$	13,973,762

FASB ASC No. 740 - Income Taxes provides for the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recognized in the financial statements. The Company has evaluated its tax positions and accordingly has not identified any significant uncertain tax positions. In regard to the R&D tax credit, the firm engaged to conduct the study has done numerous such projects with successful outcomes with the IRS.  The Company’s policy is to classify interest associated with uncertain tax positions as interest expense in the financial statements. Penalties are netted against other income.

The Company files a consolidated federal income tax return and state income tax returns in Virginia and West Virginia. With the amendment of the federal returns for fiscal 2017, 2018 and 2019, these years will remain open for three more years. The federal returns and the state returns for Virginia for the tax years ended prior to September 30, 2017 are no longer subject to examination.  The state returns for West Virginia prior to September 30, 2018 are no longer subject to examination.

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Note 9 - Employee Benefit Plans

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Retirement Benefits [Text Block]

9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

The Company sponsors both a noncontributory pension plan and a postretirement plan. The pension plan covers all employees hired prior to January 2017 and benefits fully vest after 5 years of credited service. Benefits paid to retirees are based on age at retirement, years of service and average compensation. Effective January 1, 2017, a "soft freeze" to the pension plan was implemented, and employees hired on or after that date are no longer eligible to participate. Commensurate with the "soft freeze" in the pension plan, the Company amended its 401(k) Plan, allowing management to authorize a discretionary contribution to the 401(k) account for those employees hired on or after January 1, 2017. The amount, if any, of this discretionary contribution would be determined each year and would be applied to the eligible employees at the end of the calendar year. This Company contribution would be in addition to any employee elected deferrals and employer match as provided for under the 401(k) Plan.

The postretirement plan provides certain health care, supplemental retirement and life insurance benefits to retired employees who meet specific age and service requirements. Employees hired prior to January 1, 2000 are eligible to participate in the postretirement plan. Employees must have a minimum of 10 years of service and retire after attaining the age of 55 in order to vest in the postretirement plan. Retiree contributions to the plan are based on the number of years of service to the Company as determined under the pension plan.

Employers who sponsor defined benefit plans must recognize the funded status of defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans as an asset or liability in their statements of financial position and recognize changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occur through comprehensive income. For pension plans, the benefit obligation is the projected benefit obligation, and for other postretirement plans, the benefit obligation is the accumulated benefit obligation. The Company established a regulatory asset for the portion of the obligation expected to be recovered through rates in future periods. The regulatory asset is adjusted for the recognition of actuarial gains and losses. The portion of the obligation attributable to the unregulated operations of the holding company is recognized in other comprehensive income, with actuarial gains and losses recognized using the corridor method.

The following tables set forth the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, the funded status of the plans, amounts recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the assumptions used:

	Pension Plan						Postretirement Plan
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Accumulated benefit obligation	$	33,341,841		$	34,821,069		$	16,796,849		$	17,925,409
Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	39,998,002		$	35,550,987		$	17,925,409		$	18,030,399
Service cost		734,282			691,602			140,691			167,879
Interest cost		975,139			1,062,227			430,490			531,480
Actuarial loss (gain)		(2,237,486	)		3,620,400			(1,109,181	)		(325,269	)
Benefit payments, net of retiree contributions		(1,815,469	)		(927,214	)		(590,560	)		(479,080	)
Benefit obligation at end of year	$	37,654,468		$	39,998,002		$	16,796,849		$	17,925,409
Change in fair value of plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	$	37,657,631		$	33,586,671		$	14,116,253		$	13,082,610
Actual return on plan assets, net of taxes		2,571,945			4,198,174			1,956,649			1,112,723
Employer contributions		500,000			800,000			400,000			400,000
Benefit payments, net of retiree contributions		(1,815,469	)		(927,214	)		(590,560	)		(479,080	)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	$	38,914,107		$	37,657,631		$	15,882,342		$	14,116,253
Funded status	$	1,259,639		$	(2,340,371	)	$	(914,507	)	$	(3,809,156	)
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheet consist of:
Noncurrent assets	$	1,259,639		$	—		$	—		$	—
Noncurrent liabilities		—			(2,340,371	)		(914,507	)		(3,809,156	)
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Net actuarial loss, net of tax	$	527,720		$	1,181,744		$	119,504		$	614,987
Total amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	$	527,720		$	1,181,744		$	119,504		$	614,987
Amounts deferred to a regulatory asset:
Net actuarial loss	$	4,562,834		$	6,977,944		$	798,558		$	2,755,333
Amounts recognized as regulatory assets	$	4,562,834		$	6,977,944		$	798,558		$	2,755,333

During fiscal 2021, the Company offered a one-time, lump sum pay out option for vested, terminated employees not currently receiving payments under the pension plan. The lump sum offer was accepted by 17 eligible participants resulting in a distribution of $717,197 in plan assets with a corresponding reduction in the benefit plan obligation.

The Company expects that an approximately $60,000 credit, before tax, of AOCI will be recognized in net periodic benefit costs in fiscal 2022 and approximately $207,000 of amounts deferred as regulatory assets will be amortized and recognized in net periodic benefit costs in fiscal 2022.

The reduction in the benefit obligations for both the pension plan and postretirement plan was primarily attributed to actuarial gains resulting from the increase in the discount rate used to calculate the benefit obligations and improvement in the mortality scale.

The following table details the actuarial assumptions used in determining the projected benefit obligations and net benefit cost of the pension and the accumulated benefit obligations and net benefit cost of the postretirement plan:

	Pension Plan						Postretirement Plan
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:
Discount rate		2.73	%		2.47	%		2.70	%		2.44	%
Expected rate of compensation increase		4.00	%		4.00	%		N/A			N/A
Assumptions used to determine benefit costs:
Discount rate		2.47	%		3.03	%		2.44	%		3.00	%
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets		5.40	%		5.50	%		4.25	%		4.26	%
Expected rate of compensation increase		4.00	%		4.00	%		N/A			N/A

To develop the expected long-term rate of return on assets assumption, the Company, with input from the Plans' actuaries and investment advisors, considered the historical returns and the future expectations for returns for each asset class, as well as the target asset allocation of each plan’s portfolio.

Components of net periodic benefit cost are as follows:

	Pension Plan						Postretirement Plan
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Service cost	$	734,282		$	691,602		$	140,691		$	167,879
Interest cost		975,139			1,062,227			430,490			531,480
Expected return on plan assets		(2,015,743	)		(1,836,623	)		(596,488	)		(550,394	)
Recognized loss		502,141			455,744			154,659			237,371
Net periodic benefit cost	$	195,819		$	372,950		$	129,352		$	386,336

Service cost is included in operation and maintenance expense of the consolidated income statement. All other components of net periodic benefit costs are included in the other income, net line.

The assumed health care cost trend rates used in measuring the accumulated benefit obligation for the postretirement plan are presented below:

	Pre 65						Post 65
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year		6.50	%		7.00	%		5.20	%		5.20	%
Rate to which the cost trend is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)		5.50	%		5.50	%		5.20	%		5.20	%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate	2023			2023			2021			2020

The health care cost trend rate assumptions could have a significant effect on the amounts reported. A change of 1% would have the following effects: 

	1% Increase		1% Decrease
Effect on total service and interest cost components	$	111,000	$	(88,000	)
Effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation		2,575,000		(2,106,000	)

The primary objectives of both plans' investment policies are to maintain investment portfolios that diversify risk through prudent asset allocation parameters, achieve asset returns that meet or exceed the corresponding actuarial assumptions and meet expected future benefits in both the short-term and long-term. The Company's pension plan allocation approach seeks to match the duration of the fixed income portion of the portfolio with the duration of the plan's liabilities. Such a match is designed to reduce the overall volatility in the pension plan relative to the funded status. The 30% equity allocation in the pension plan provides for potential returns to offset growth in the liabilities as eligible participants continue to accrue benefits.

Based on its most recent evaluation of returns for the asset classes within each plan's investment portfolio, the Company set the expected long-term rate of return for the pension plan and the postretirement plan for fiscal 2022 at 4.75% and 4.24% respectively.

The Company’s target and actual asset allocation in the pension and postretirement plans as of September 30, 2021 and 2020 were: 

	Pension Plan									Postretirement Plan
	Target			2021			2020			Target			2021			2020
Asset category:
Equity securities		30	%		30	%		30	%		50	%		49	%		51	%
Debt securities		70	%		69	%		69	%		50	%		50	%		48	%
Cash		—	%		1	%		1	%		—	%		1	%		1	%
Other		—	%		—	%		—	%		—	%		—	%		—	%

The plans assets are invested in mutual funds. The Company uses the fair value hierarchy described in Note 1 to classify these assets. The mutual funds are included under Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy as their fair values are determined based on individual prices for each security that comprises the mutual funds. The common and collective trust funds are included under Level 2. The following tables contains the fair value classifications of the plans' assets:

			Pension Plan
			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2021
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Asset Class:
Cash	$	429,764	$	429,764	$	—	$	—
Common and Collective Trust and Pooled Funds:
Bonds
Liability Driven Investment		26,898,651		—		26,898,651		—
Equities
Domestic Large Cap Growth		3,430,962		—		3,430,962		—
Domestic Large Cap Value		3,480,915		—		3,480,915		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core		1,752,186		—		1,752,186		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		1,561,512		—		1,561,512		—
Mutual Funds:
Equities
Foreign Large Cap Growth		1,071,719		1,071,719		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		288,398		288,398		—		—
Total	$	38,914,107	$	1,789,881	$	37,124,226	$	—

			Pension Plan
			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Asset Class:
Cash	$	339,287	$	339,287	$	—	$	—
Common and Collective Trust and Pooled Funds:
Bonds
Liability Driven Investment		26,038,966		—		26,038,966		—
Equities
Domestic Large Cap Growth		3,462,841		—		3,462,841		—
Domestic Large Cap Value		3,351,694		—		3,351,694		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core		1,665,005		—		1,665,005		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		1,473,427		—		1,473,427		—
Mutual Funds:
Equities
Foreign Large Cap Growth		1,047,274		1,047,274		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		279,137		279,137		—		—
Total	$	37,657,631	$	1,665,698	$	35,991,933	$	—

			Postretirement Plan
			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2021
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Asset Class:
Cash	$	157,957	$	157,957	$	—	$	—
Mutual Funds:
Bonds
Domestic Fixed Income		7,109,967		7,109,967		—		—
Foreign Fixed Income		757,422		757,422		—		—
Equities
Domestic Large Cap Growth		2,346,401		2,346,401		—		—
Domestic Large Cap Value		2,361,583		2,361,583		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Growth		295,628		295,628		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Value		248,317		248,317		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core		557,739		557,739		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Growth		594,573		594,573		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		1,352,329		1,352,329		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Core		85,871		85,871		—		—
Other		14,555		—		14,555		—
Total	$	15,882,342	$	15,867,787	$	14,555	$	—

			Postretirement Plan
			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Asset Class:
Cash	$	73,908	$	73,908	$	—	$	—
Mutual Funds:
Bonds
Domestic Fixed Income		6,163,808		6,163,808		—		—
Foreign Fixed Income		638,709		638,709		—		—
Equities
Domestic Large Cap Growth		2,197,839		2,197,839		—		—
Domestic Large Cap Value		2,119,433		2,119,433		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Growth		262,726		262,726		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Value		235,216		235,216		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core		552,607		552,607		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Growth		548,967		548,967		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		1,224,420		1,224,420		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Core		77,471		77,471		—		—
Other		21,149		—		21,149		—
Total	$	14,116,253	$	14,095,104	$	21,149	$	—

Each mutual fund or common collective trust fund has been categorized based on its primary investment strategy.

The Company expects to contribute $500,000 to its pension plan and $400,000 to its postretirement plan in fiscal 2022.

The following table reflects expected future benefit payments:

	Pension		Postretirement
Fiscal year ending September 30	Plan		Plan
2022	$	1,095,464	$	730,324
2023		1,154,843		740,565
2024		1,221,199		717,641
2025		1,371,276		721,176
2026		1,487,113		717,684
2027 - 2031		8,715,094		3,697,782

The Company established an NQDC Plan in fiscal 2021. The NQDC Plan is an unfunded, nonqualified benefit plan offered to select members of senior management not eligible to participate in the pension plan.  Under the NQDC Plan, participants have the right to defer a percentage of base salary as well as receive discretionary credits from the Company. The Company's discretionary credits vest over time.  Any benefits distributed from the NQDC Plan plan are paid from the general assets of the Company.  As the plan is unfunded, the balance reflected in the table below is a noncurrent liability included in the benefit plan liabilities line on the consolidated balance sheet. 

	2021			2020
Beginning deferred compensation balance	$	—		$	—
Employer contributions		48,100			—
Participant contributions		—			—
Earnings		2,297			—
Distributions		(15,053	)		—
Ending deferred compensation balance	$	35,344		$	—

The Company sponsors a 401k Plan covering all employees who elect to participate. Employees may contribute from 1% to 50% of their annual compensation to the 401k Plan, limited to a maximum annual amount as set periodically by the IRS. The Company matches 100% of the participant’s first 4% of contributions and 50% on the next 2% of contributions. The Company also provided discretionary contributions for employees hired on or after January 1, 2017. The following table reflects the Company's contributions:

	Years Ended September 30
	2021		2020
Matching contribution	$	383,340	$	364,773
Discretionary contribution		43,093		18,313

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Note 10 - Common Stock Options

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Stock Option Plans [Member]

Notes to Financial Statements

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]

10. COMMON STOCK OPTIONS

The KESOP provides for the issuance of common stock options to officers and certain other full-time salaried employees to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock. As of September 30, 2021, the number of shares available for future grants was 20,000.

FASB ASC No. 718 - Compensation-Stock Compensation requires that compensation expense be recognized for the issuance of equity instruments to employees. During the fiscal year ended 2021, the Board approved stock option grants to certain officers. As required by the KESOP, each option's exercise price per share equaled the fair value of the Company's common stock on the grant date. Pursuant to the plan, the options vest over a six-month period and are exercisable over a ten-year period from the date of issuance.

As the Company's stock options are not traded on the open market, the fair value of each grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model including the following assumptions:

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Expected volatility		32.05	%		31.53	%
Expected dividends		2.75	%		2.74	%
Expected exercise term (years)		7			7
Risk-free interest rate		1.24	%		0.51	%

The underlying methods regarding each assumption are as follows:

Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the daily closing price of the Company's common stock.

Expected dividend rate is based on historical dividend payout trends.

Expected exercise term is based on the average time historical option grants were outstanding before being exercised.

Risk-free interest rate is based on the 7-year Treasury rate on the date of option grant.

Forfeitures are recognized when they occur.

Stock option transactions under the Company's plans are summarized below.

	Number of Shares			Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Terms (years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value1
Options outstanding, September 30, 2019		68,492		$	14.91		6.2	$	981,170
Options granted		13,000			27.87
Options exercised		(29,992	)		14.65
Options expired		—			—
Options forfeited		—			—
Options outstanding, September 30, 2020		51,500		$	18.34		6.4	$	320,797
Options granted		3,000			22.93
Options exercised		(9,250	)		14.90
Options expired		—			—
Options forfeited		—			—
Options outstanding, September 30, 2021		45,250		$	19.34		6.0	$	213,898
Vested and exercisable at September 30, 2021		45,250		$	19.34		6.0	$	213,898

¹ Aggregate intrinsic value includes only those options where the exercise price is below the market price.

	Years Ended September 30
	2021		2020
Weighted-average grant date option fair value	$	5.55	$	6.26
Stock option expense		11,100		81,380
Intrinsic value of options exercised		70,297		411,638
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		137,802		439,509

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Note 11 - Other Stock Plans

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Stock Plans, Excluding Stock Options [Member]

Notes to Financial Statements

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]

11. OTHER STOCK PLANS

Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan

The Company offers a DRIP Plan to shareholders of record for the reinvestment of dividends and the purchase of up to $100,000 per year in additional shares of common stock of the Company. Under the DRIP, the Company issued 29,604 and 28,191 shares in 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had 332,719 shares of stock available for issuance under the DRIP.

Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors

The Board of Directors of the Company implemented the RSPD in 1997. Under the RSPD, each director may elect annually to have up to 100% of his or her fees paid in shares of common stock ("Director Restricted Stock"); however, a minimum of 40% of the monthly retainer fee must be paid to each non-employee director of Resources in shares of Director Restricted Stock until such time as the director has accumulated at least 10,000 shares. The number of shares of Director Restricted Stock awarded each month is determined based on the closing sales price of Resources' common stock on the NASDAQ Global Market on the first business day of the month. The Director Restricted Stock issued under the Plan vests only in the case of a participant's death, disability, retirement, or in the event of a change in control of Resources. The Director Restricted Stock may not be sold, transferred, assigned or pledged by the participant until the shares have vested under the terms of the Plan. The shares of Director Restricted Stock will be forfeited to Resources by a participant's voluntary resignation during his or her term on the Board or removal for cause as a director.

The Company assumes all directors will complete their term and there will be no forfeiture of the Director Restricted Stock. Since the inception of the RSPD, no director has forfeited any shares of Director Restricted Stock. The Company recognizes as compensation the market value of the Director Restricted Stock in the period it is issued.

The following table reflects the director compensation activity pursuant to the Plan:

	2021				2020
	Shares		Weighted-Average Fair Value on Date of Grant		Shares			Weighted-Average Fair Value on Date of Grant
Beginning of year balance		99,070	$	14.06		104,680		$	12.51
Granted		11,374		23.67		9,193			26.28
Vested		—		—		(14,803	)		10.68
Forfeited		—		—		—			—
End of year balance		110,444	$	15.05		99,070		$	14.06

The fair market value of the Director Restricted Stock included in compensation during fiscal 2021 and 2020 was $269,200 and $241,617, respectively. No Director Restricted Stock was forfeited during fiscal 2021 or 2020.

As of September 30, 2021, the Company had 35,937 shares available for issuance under the RSPD.

RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan

The Board of Directors of the Company implemented the RSPO in 2017 as approved by shareholders. Under the RSPO, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors may grant shares of common stock ("Officer Restricted Stock") that vest over time to key employees and officers for the purpose of attracting and retaining those individuals essential to the operation and growth of the Company. The RSPO provides for certain restrictions and non-transferability requirements until minimum levels of ownership are obtained. Such restrictions may continue beyond the vesting period.

The Company assumes all officers will complete their requirements and there will be no forfeiture of the Officer Restricted Stock.

The following table reflects the officer compensation activity pursuant to the RSPO:

	2021					2020
	Shares			Weighted-Average Fair Value on Date of Grant		Shares			Weighted-Average Fair Value on Date of Grant
Beginning of year balance		6,815		$	28.55		10,185		$	28.65
Granted		16,656			24.21		14,951			28.17
Vested		(11,635	)		25.77		(18,321	)		28.30
Forfeited		—			—		—			—
End of year balance		11,836		$	25.17		6,815		$	28.55

The fair market value of the Officer Restricted Stock included as compensation during fiscal 2021 and 2020 was $366,869 and $450,677, respectively. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had 396,357 shares available for issuance under the RSPO.

Stock Bonus Plan

Shares from the Stock Bonus Plan may be issued to certain employees and management personnel in recognition of their performance and service. Under the Stock Bonus Plan, the Company issued no shares in 2021 and 2020. As of  September 30, 2021 the Company had 4,785 shares of stock available for issuance under the Stock Bonus Plan. The Stock Bonus Plan is currently inactive.

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Note 12 - Commitments and Contingencies

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]

12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Long-Term Contracts

Due to the nature of the natural gas distribution business, Roanoke Gas enters into agreements with suppliers and pipelines to contract for natural gas commodity purchases, storage capacity and pipeline delivery capacity. Roanoke Gas obtains most of its natural gas supply through a third party asset management contract. Roanoke Gas utilizes an asset manager to optimize the use of its transportation, storage rights and gas supply inventories, which helps to ensure a secure and reliable source of natural gas. Under the current asset management contract, Roanoke Gas has designated the asset manager to act as agent for its storage capacity and all gas balances in storage. Roanoke Gas retains ownership of gas in storage. Under provisions of this contract, Roanoke Gas is obligated to purchase its winter storage requirements from the asset manager during the spring and summer injection periods at market price. The table below details the volumetric obligations as of September 30, 2021 for the remainder of the contract period. The current asset management contract was renewed in August 2021 for a one year period which will expire in March 2023. The contract was renewed at essentially the same terms and conditions as the prior agreement, except the utilization fee retained by Roanoke Gas increased.

	Natural Gas Contracts
Year	(In DTHs)
2021-2022		2,320,859
2022-2023		295,866
Total		2,616,725

In addition to the volumetric commitment above, the Company also has a fixed price agreement to purchase approximately 2.1 million dth, from October 2021 to March 2022, at prices ranging from $2.82 to $3.34 per DTH.

Roanoke Gas also has contracts for pipeline and storage capacity which extend for various periods. These capacity costs and related fees are valued at tariff rates in place as of September 30, 2021. These rates may increase or decrease in the future based upon rate filings and rate orders granting a rate change to the pipeline or storage operator. Roanoke Gas expended approximately $33,894,000 and $21,881,000 under the asset management, pipeline and storage contracts in fiscal years 2021 and 2020, respectively. The table below details the pipeline and storage capacity commitments as of September 30, 2021 for the remainder of the contract period.

	Pipeline and
Year	Storage Capacity
2021 - 2022	$	15,432,720
2022 - 2023		13,671,397
2023 - 2024		11,789,154
2024 - 2025		7,206,347
2025 - 2026		2,249,852
Thereafter		1,813,618
Total	$	52,163,088

Roanoke Gas maintains franchise agreements granted by the local cities and towns served by the Company. Roanoke Gas renewed its franchise agreements with the City of Roanoke, the City of Salem and the Town of Vinton in 2016 for 20-year terms to expire in December 2035. Per these agreements, franchise fees increase at a rate of 3% annually. As of September 30, 2021, $2,180,752 in future obligations remain under the franchise agreements.

Other Contracts

The Company maintains other agreements in the ordinary course of business covering various lease, maintenance, equipment and service contracts. These agreements currently extend through December 2031 and are not material to the Company.

Legal

From time to time, the Company may become involved in litigation or claims arising out of its operations in the normal course of business. At the current time, the Company is not known to be a party to any legal proceedings that would be expected to have a materially adverse impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Environmental Matters

Roanoke Gas operated an MGP as a source of fuel for lighting and heating until the early 1950’s. A by-product of operating the MGP was coal tar, and the potential exists for tar waste contaminants at the former plant site. While the Company does not currently recognize any commitments or contingencies related to environmental costs, should the Company ever be required to remediate the site, it will pursue all prudent and reasonable means to recover any related costs, including the use of insurance claims and regulatory approval for rate case recognition of expenses associated with any work required.

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Note 13 - Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]

13. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The following table summarizes the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy as defined in Note 1 as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively:

			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2021
			Quoted Prices in Active Markets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	$	2,728,935	$	—	$	2,728,935	$	—
Interest rate swaps		1,196,083		—		1,196,083		—
Total	$	3,925,018	$	—	$	3,925,018	$	—

			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020
			Quoted Prices in Active Markets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	$	470,755	$	—	$	470,755	$	—
Interest rate swaps		2,223,556		—		2,223,556		—
Total	$	2,694,311	$	—	$	2,694,311	$	—

Under the asset management contract, a timing difference can exist between the payment for natural gas purchases and the actual receipt of such purchases. Payments are made based on a predetermined monthly volume with the price based on the weighted average first of the month index prices corresponding to the month of the scheduled payment. At September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company had recorded in accounts payable the estimated fair value of the liability determined on the corresponding first of month index prices for which the liability was expected to be settled.

The Company’s non-financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis consist of its asset retirement obligations. The asset retirement obligations are measured at fair value at initial recognition based on expected future cash flows to settle the obligation.

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, borrowings under line-of-credit, accounts payable (with the exception of the timing difference under the asset management contract), customer credit balances and customer deposits is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the shorter-term nature of these financial instruments. The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are not adjusted to fair value in the consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2021 and 2020. 

			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2021
	Carrying		Quoted Prices in Active Markets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities:
Current maturities of long-term debt	$	7,000,000	$	—	$	—	$	7,000,000
Notes payable		116,110,200		—		—		124,691,896
Total	$	123,110,200	$	—	$	—	$	131,691,896

			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020
	Carrying		Quoted Prices in Active Markets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities:
Notes payable	$	114,975,200	$	—	$	—	$	124,740,970
Total	$	114,975,200	$	—	$	—	$	124,740,970

The fair value of long-term debt is estimated by discounting the future cash flows of the fixed rate debt based on the underlying 20-year Treasury rate or other Treasury instrument with a corresponding maturity period and estimated credit spread extrapolated based on market conditions since the issuance of the debt.

FASB ASC 825 – Financial Instruments requires disclosures regarding concentrations of credit risk from financial instruments. Cash equivalents are investments in high-grade, short-term securities (original maturity less than three months), placed with financially sound institutions. Accounts receivable are from a diverse group of customers including individuals and small and large companies in various industries. The Company maintains certain credit standards with its customers and requires a customer deposit if such evaluation warrants.

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Note 14 - Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Quarterly Financial Information [Text Block]

14. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

Quarterly financial data for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 is summarized as follows: 

	First		Second		Third		Fourth
2021	Quarter		Quarter		Quarter		Quarter
Operating revenues	$	19,517,017	$	28,253,662	$	14,048,846	$	13,355,254
Operating income	$	5,581,387	$	7,099,426	$	1,542,333	$	555,163
Net income	$	4,723,263	$	4,767,478	$	610,840	$	481
Earnings (loss) per share of common stock:
Basic	$	0.58	$	0.58	$	0.07	$	—
Diluted	$	0.58	$	0.58	$	0.07	$	—

	First		Second		Third		Fourth
2020	Quarter		Quarter		Quarter		Quarter
Operating revenues	$	19,785,453	$	22,437,731	$	11,071,918	$	9,780,289
Operating income (loss)	$	5,081,979	$	6,999,616	$	1,335,663	$	(899,076	)
Net income (loss)	$	4,006,936	$	5,680,316	$	1,206,578	$	(329,296	)
Earnings (loss) per share of common stock:
Basic	$	0.50	$	0.70	$	0.15	$	(0.04	)
Diluted	$	0.49	$	0.70	$	0.15	$	(0.04	)

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Note 15 - Subsequent Events

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Subsequent Events [Text Block]

15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On October 28, 2021, Roanoke Gas received SCC communication that it had qualified for and will receive ARPA funds in the amount of $858,556 pursuant to Chapter 1 of the 2021 Virginia Acts of Assembly, Special Session II. The ARPA funds are to be applied to residential customer accounts with arrearages greater than 60 days as of  August 31, 2021. When received, Roanoke Gas plans to apply the funds to eligible customer accounts. The receipt of the funds was not recorded or applied to accounts receivable balances as of September 30, 2021; however, the Company included the pending receipt of these funds in its estimation of the allowance for uncollectible accounts.  As a result, the allowance for uncollectible accounts declined to approximately $242,000 as recorded within the accompanying financial statements and disclosed in Note 1 above.

On October 29, 2021 Midstream entered into an unsecured promissory note in the principal amount of $8.0 million with an interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 115 basis points maturing December 1, 2027. Related to this note, Midstream also entered into an interest rate swap agreement that effectively converts the variable rate note into a fixed rate instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.443%. The loan will convert into an installment loan with principal pay-down beginning in fiscal 2023. In addition, this note reduces the borrowing capacity defined by the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement and amendments to the related Promissory Notes. The total borrowing capacity declined from $41 million to $33 million effective with the new promissory note.  All other terms of the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement remain unchanged.

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued. There were no other items not otherwise disclosed which would have materially impacted the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

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Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Principles of Consolidation—RGC Resources, Inc. is an energy services company primarily engaged in the sale and distribution of natural gas. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Resources and its wholly owned subsidiaries: Roanoke Gas, Midstream and Diversified Energy. Roanoke Gas is a natural gas utility, which distributes and sells natural gas to approximately 62,600 residential, commercial and industrial customers within its service areas in Roanoke, Virginia and the surrounding localities. The Company’s business is seasonal in nature as a majority of natural gas sales are for space heating during the winter season. Roanoke Gas is regulated by the SCC. Midstream is a wholly-owned subsidiary created primarily to invest in the Mountain Valley Pipeline project. Diversified Energy is inactive.

The Company follows accounting and reporting standards established by the FASB and the SEC, including certain provisions allowed under the smaller reporting company exceptions.

Public Utilities, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Rate Regulated Basis of Accounting—The Company’s regulated operations follow the accounting and reporting requirements of FASB ASC No. 980, Regulated Operations. The economic effects of regulation can result in a regulated company deferring costs that have been or are expected to be recovered from customers in a period different from the period in which the costs would be charged to expense by an unregulated enterprise. When this situation occurs, costs are deferred as assets in the consolidated balance sheet (regulatory assets) and recorded as expenses when such amounts are reflected in rates. Additionally, regulators can impose liabilities upon a regulated company for amounts previously collected from customers and for current collection in rates of costs that are expected to be incurred in the future (regulatory liabilities). In the event the provisions of FASB ASC No. 980 no longer apply to any or all regulatory assets or liabilities, the Company would write off such amounts and include them in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income in the period which FASB ASC No. 980 no longer applied.

Regulatory assets and liabilities included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows: 

	September 30
	2021		2020
Assets:
Current Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Accrued WNA revenues	$	8,104	$	—
Under-recovery of gas costs		5,048,164		1,733,718
Under-recovery of SAVE Plan revenues		305,502		108,550
Accrued pension and postretirement medical		206,679		576,731
Other deferred expenses		88,004		84,315
Total current		5,656,453		2,503,314
Utility Property:
In service:
Other		11,945		11,945
Construction work in progress:
AFUDC		386,189		330,208
Other Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Premium on early retirement of debt		1,484,433		1,598,620
Accrued pension and postretirement medical		5,154,713		9,156,546
Other deferred expenses		130,613		214,928
Total non-current		6,769,759		10,970,094
Total regulatory assets	$	12,824,346	$	13,815,561
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Current Liabilities:
Regulatory liabilities:
WNA	$	—	$	601,784
Deferred income taxes		329,959		205,353
Other deferred liabilities		—		83,176
Total current		329,959		890,313
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:
Asset retirement obligations		7,628,958		7,180,982
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations		13,640,567		12,678,043
Regulatory liabilities:
Deferred income taxes		12,891,242		10,729,082
Total non-current	$	34,160,767	$	30,588,107
Total regulatory liabilities	$	34,490,726	$	31,478,420

Amortization of $84,315 and $1,106,511 of regulatory assets for the years ended September 30, 2021 and  2020, respectively, is included in operations and maintenance expense on the consolidated statements of income. See Note 3 for more information.

As of September 30, 2021, the Company had regulatory assets in the amount of $12,812,401 on which the Company did not earn a return during the recovery period.

Regulatory Depreciation and Amortization, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Utility Plant and Depreciation—Utility plant is stated at original cost and includes direct labor and materials, contractor costs, and all allocable overhead charges. The Company applies the group method of accounting, where the costs of like assets are aggregated and depreciated by applying a rate based on the average expected useful life of the assets. In accordance with Company policy, expenditures for depreciable assets with a life greater than one year are capitalized, along with any upgrades or improvements to existing assets, when they significantly improve or extend the original expected useful life of an asset. Expenditures for maintenance, repairs, and minor renewals and betterments are expensed as incurred. The original cost of depreciable property retired is removed from utility plant and charged to accumulated depreciation. The cost of asset removals, less salvage, is charged to “regulatory cost of retirement obligations” or “asset retirement obligations” as explained under Asset Retirement Obligations below.

Utility plant is composed of the following major classes of assets:

	September 30
	2021		2020
Distribution and transmission	$	241,493,911	$	227,753,620
LNG storage		14,966,584		14,798,453
General and miscellaneous		15,922,044		15,790,299
Total utility plant in service	$	272,382,539	$	258,342,372

Provisions for depreciation are computed principally at composite straight-line rates over a range of periods. Rates are determined by depreciation studies which are required to be performed at least every 5 years on the regulated utility assets of Roanoke Gas. The last depreciation study was completed and approved by the SCC staff in fiscal 2019. The Company will be required to complete a new depreciation study no later than fiscal 2024. The composite weighted-average depreciation rate was 3.28% and 3.30% for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. 

The composite rates are composed of two components, one based on average service life and one based on cost of retirement. As a result, the Company accrues the estimated cost of retirement of long-lived assets through depreciation expense. These retirement costs are not a legal obligation but rather the result of cost-based regulation and are accounted for under the provisions of FASB ASC No. 980. Such amounts are classified as a regulatory liability.

The Company reviews long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. These reviews have not identified any impairments which would have a material effect on the results of operations or financial condition.

In fiscal 2020, Roanoke Gas implemented the application of AFUDC related to infrastructure investments associated with two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP. This treatment allows capitalizing both the equity and debt financing costs during the construction phases. For the years ended September 30, 2021, and 2020, the Company capitalized $14,003 and $81,629 of debt financing costs and $41,978 and $248,579 of equity financing costs, respectively, thereby affecting the interest expense and other income, net lines of the related consolidated statements of income. See Note 3 for further information.

Asset Retirement Obligation [Policy Text Block]

Asset Retirement Obligations—FASB ASC No. 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations, requires entities to record the fair value of a liability for an ARO when there exists a legal obligation for the retirement of the asset. When the liability is initially recorded, the entity capitalizes the cost, thereby increasing the carrying amount of the underlying asset. In subsequent periods, the liability is accreted, and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. The Company has recorded AROs for its future legal obligations related to purging and capping its distribution mains and services upon retirement, although the timing of such retirements is uncertain.

The Company’s composite depreciation rates include a component to provide for the cost of retirement of assets. As a result, the Company accrues the estimated cost of retirement of its utility plant through depreciation expense and creates a corresponding regulatory liability. The costs of retirement considered in the development of the depreciation component include those costs associated with the legal liability. Therefore, the ARO is reclassified from the regulatory cost of retirement obligation. If the legal obligations were to exceed the regulatory liability provided for in the depreciation rates, the Company would establish a regulatory asset for such difference with the anticipation of future recovery through rates charged to customers.

The following is a summary of the AROs:

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Beginning balance	$	7,180,982		$	6,788,683
Liabilities incurred		214,533			165,524
Liabilities settled		(160,064	)		(150,345	)
Accretion		393,507			377,120
Ending balance	$	7,628,958		$	7,180,982

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments—From time to time, the Company will have balances on deposit at banks in excess of the amount insured by the FDIC. The Company has not experienced any losses on these accounts and does not consider these amounts to be at risk. As of September 30, 2021, the Company did not have any bank deposits in excess of the FDIC insurance limits. For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable [Policy Text Block]

Customer Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts—Accounts receivable include amounts billed to customers for natural gas sales and related services and gas sales occurring subsequent to normal billing cycles but before the end of the period. The Company provides an estimate for losses on these receivables by utilizing historical information, current account balances, account aging and current economic conditions. Customer accounts are charged off annually when deemed uncollectible or when turned over to a collection agency for action.

Due to the impact of COVID-19 on businesses and individuals, customer delinquent and past due balances increased significantly over the last two years. The allowance for doubtful accounts disclosed below has been adjusted to reflect the impact of $859,000 in pending ARPA funds.  Without the ARPA and CARES Act funds, the allowance for doubtful accounts would have been more than $1 million as of September 30, 2021. See Notes 3 and 15 for additional information.

A reconciliation of changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts is as follows: 

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Beginning balance	$	703,140		$	110,743
Provision for doubtful accounts		(400,614	)		556,112
Recoveries of accounts written off		88,893			139,113
Accounts written off		(149,409	)		(102,828	)
Ending balance	$	242,010		$	703,140

Receivable [Policy Text Block]

Financing Receivables—Financing receivables represent a contractual right to receive money either on demand, or on fixed or determinable dates, and are recognized as assets on the entity’s balance sheet. Trade receivables, resulting from the sale of natural gas and other services to customers, are the Company's primary type of financing receivables. These receivables are short-term in nature with a provision for uncollectible balances included in the consolidated financial statements.

Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Inventories—Natural gas in storage and materials and supplies inventories are recorded at average cost. Natural gas storage injections are priced at the purchase cost at the time of injection and storage withdrawals are priced at the weighted average cost of gas in storage. Materials and supplies are removed from inventory at average cost.

Revenue [Policy Text Block]

Unbilled Revenues—The Company bills its natural gas customers on a monthly cycle; however, the billing cycle for most customers does not coincide with the accounting periods used for financial reporting. As the Company recognizes revenue when gas is delivered, an accrual is made to estimate revenues for natural gas delivered to customers but not billed during the accounting period. The amounts of unbilled revenue receivable included in accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2021 and 2020 were $1,191,227 and $1,041,518, respectively.

Regulatory Income Taxes, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Income Taxes—Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance against deferred tax assets is provided if it is more likely than not the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company and its subsidiaries file consolidated state and federal income tax returns.

Debt, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Debt Expenses—Debt issuance expenses are deferred and amortized over the lives of the debt instruments. The unamortized balances are offset against the carrying value of long-term debt.

Over/Under Recovery of Natural Gas Costs [Policy Text Block]

Over/Under-Recovery of Natural Gas Costs—Pursuant to the provisions of the Company’s PGA clause, the SCC provides the Company with a method of passing along to its customers increases or decreases in natural gas costs incurred by its regulated operations, including gains and losses on natural gas derivative hedging instruments. On at least a quarterly basis, the Company files a PGA rate adjustment request with the SCC to increase or decrease the gas cost component of its rates, based on projected price and activity. Once administrative approval is received, the Company adjusts the gas cost component of its rates to reflect the approved amount. As actual costs will differ from the projections used in establishing the PGA rate, the Company may either over-recover or under-recover its actual gas costs during the period. Any difference between actual costs incurred and costs recovered through the application of the PGA is recorded as a regulatory asset or liability. At the end of the deferral period, the balance of the net deferred charge or credit is amortized over an ensuing 12-month period as amounts are reflected in customer bills.

Fair Value Measurement, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Fair Value—Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between willing market participants at the measurement date. The Company determines fair value based on the following fair value hierarchy which prioritizes each input to the valuation methods into one of the following three broad levels:

• Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

• Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices in Level 1 that are either for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

• Level 3 – Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability where there is little, if any, market activity which require the Company to develop its own assumptions.

The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). All fair value disclosures are categorized within one of the three categories in the hierarchy. See fair value disclosures below and in Notes 9 and 13.

Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Use of Estimates—The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Excise and Sales Taxes [Policy Text Block]

Excise and Sales Taxes—Certain excise and sales taxes imposed by the state and local governments in the Company’s service territory are collected by the Company from its customers. These taxes are accounted for on a net basis and therefore are not included as revenues in the Company’s consolidated income statements.

Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Earnings Per Share—Basic EPS and diluted EPS are calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period and the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period plus dilutive potential common shares, respectively. Dilutive potential common shares are calculated in accordance with the treasury stock method, which assumes that proceeds from the exercise of all options are used to repurchase common stock at market value. The amount of shares remaining after the proceeds are exhausted represents the potentially dilutive effect of the securities. A reconciliation of basic and diluted EPS is presented below: 

	Years Ended September 30
	2021		2020
Net Income	$	10,102,062	$	10,564,534
Weighted-average common shares		8,251,802		8,125,938
Effect of dilutive securities:
Options to purchase common stock		13,102		20,728
Diluted average common shares		8,264,904		8,146,666
Earnings Per Share of Common Stock:
Basic	$	1.22	$	1.30
Diluted	$	1.22	$	1.30

Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Business and Credit Concentrations—The primary business of the Company is the distribution of natural gas to residential, commercial and industrial customers in its service territories.

No sales to individual customers accounted for more than 5% of total revenue in any period or amounted to more than 5% of total accounts receivable.

Roanoke Gas currently holds the only franchises and CPCNs to distribute natural gas in its service area. These franchises are effective through January 1, 2036. The Company's current CPCNs in Virginia are exclusive and are intended for perpetual duration.

Roanoke Gas is served directly by two primary pipelines that provide all of the natural gas supplied to the Company’s customers. Depending upon weather conditions and the level of customer demand, failure of one or both of these transmission pipelines could have a major adverse impact on the Company.

Derivatives, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Derivative and Hedging Activities—FASB ASC No. 815, Derivatives and Hedging, requires the recognition of all derivative instruments as assets or liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and measurement of those instruments at fair value.

The Company’s hedging and derivatives policy allows management to enter into derivatives for the purpose of managing the commodity and financial market risks of its business operations. The Company’s hedging and derivatives policy specifically prohibits the use of derivatives for speculative purposes. The key market risks that the Company may hedge against include the price of natural gas and the cost of borrowed funds.

The Company historically has entered into collars, swaps and caps for the purpose of hedging the price of natural gas in order to provide price stability during the winter months. The fair value of these instruments is recorded in the consolidated balance sheets with the offsetting entry to either under- or over-recovery of gas costs. Net income and other comprehensive income are not affected by the change in market value as any cost incurred or benefit received from these instruments is recoverable or refunded through the PGA as the SCC allows for full recovery of prudent costs associated with natural gas purchases. At September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company had no outstanding derivative instruments for the purchase of natural gas.

The Company has five interest rate swaps associated with its variable rate debt. Roanoke Gas has a swap on its $7 million term note that effectively converts the variable interest rate into a 2.30% fixed interest rate. During fiscal 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into two delayed draw variable-rate term notes in the amounts of $15 million and $10 million, with corresponding swap agreements to convert the variable interest rates into fixed rates of 2.00% and 2.49%, respectively. Proceeds associated with the delayed draw notes were not received during the current fiscal year; therefore, the swaps associated with those notes were not effective during fiscal 2021. Midstream has two variable-rate term notes in the amount of $14 million and $10 million with corresponding swap agreements to convert the variable interest rates into fixed rates of 3.24% and 3.14%, respectively. All swaps qualify as a cash flow hedge with changes in fair value reported in other comprehensive income. Any cash flows from interest rate swaps are classified as interest expense. No portion of the swaps were deemed ineffective during the period.

See Notes 7 and 13 for additional information on the swaps and fair value.

Non-cash Activity [Policy Text Block]

Non-Cash Activity — A non-cash decrease in unconsolidated affiliate and corresponding decrease in capital contributions payable of $371,800 and $2,512,387 occurred for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Comprehensive Income, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)—A summary of other comprehensive income is provided below:

				Tax
	Before Tax			(Expense)			Net of Tax
	Amount			or Benefit			Amount
Year Ended September 30, 2021:
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized gains	$	473,880		$	(121,978	)	$	351,902
Transfer of realized losses to interest expense		553,593			(142,492	)		411,101
Net interest rate swaps		1,027,473			(264,470	)		763,003
Defined benefit plans:
Net gains arising during period	$	1,467,879		$	(377,832	)	$	1,090,047
Amortization of actuarial losses		80,069			(20,609	)		59,460
Net defined benefit plans		1,547,948			(398,441	)		1,149,507
Other comprehensive income	$	2,575,421		$	(662,911	)	$	1,912,510
Year Ended September 30, 2020:
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(1,594,126	)	$	410,328		$	(1,183,798	)
Transfer of realized losses to interest expense		264,911			(68,189	)		196,722
Net interest rate swaps		(1,329,215	)		342,139			(987,076	)
Defined benefit plans:
Net loss arising during period	$	(52,669	)	$	13,557		$	(39,112	)
Amortization of actuarial losses		90,441			(23,280	)		67,161
Net defined benefit plans		37,772			(9,723	)		28,049
Other comprehensive loss	$	(1,291,443	)	$	332,416		$	(959,027	)

The amortization of actuarial gains or losses are included as a component of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs under other income, net.

Composition of AOCI: 

	Interest Rate Swaps			Defined Benefit Plans			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance September 30, 2019	$	(664,137	)	$	(1,824,780	)	$	(2,488,917	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(987,076	)		28,049			(959,027	)
Balance September 30, 2020		(1,651,213	)		(1,796,731	)		(3,447,944	)
Other comprehensive income		763,003			1,149,507			1,912,510
Balance September 30, 2021	$	(888,210	)	$	(647,224	)	$	(1,535,434	)

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. This ASU leaves the accounting for leases mostly unchanged for lessors, with the exception of targeted improvements for consistency; however, the new guidance requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with terms of more than 12 months. The ASU also revises the definition of a lease as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Under prior GAAP, the presentation and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee primarily depended on its classification as a finance or operating lease. The new ASU requires both types of leases to be recognized on the balance sheet. In addition, the new guidance includes quantitative and qualitative disclosure requirements to aid financial statement users in better understanding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-01, which provides a practical expedient that allows entities the option of not evaluating existing land easements under the new lease standard for those easements that were entered into prior to adoption. New or modified land easements will require evaluation on a prospective basis. The new guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 30, 2021 and interim periods within that annual period.

The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 and related guidance effective October 1, 2019. At the time of adoption, the Company had one operating lease. This lease, which was renewed in fiscal 2021, calls for monthly payments in the amount of $1,100 and is set to expire in September 2025. As the value of this lease obligation was determined to be de minimis and the Company has not entered into any additional lease obligations, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting For Hedging Activities. The ASU is meant to simplify recognition and presentation guidance in an effort to improve financial reporting of cash flow and fair value hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity's risk management activities. This is achieved through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships, as well as changes to the presentation of hedge results. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2019. As the Company currently has only cash flow hedges and no portion of these hedges were deemed ineffective during the periods presented, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract. This ASU reduces the complexity of accounting for costs of implementing a cloud computing service arrangement and aligns the following requirements to capitalize implementation costs: 1) those incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract, and 2) those incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software, including hosting arrangements that include an internal software license. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2019. The new guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20) - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. This ASU modifies disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2020. The new guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) - Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. In combination with 2021-01, the ASU provides temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for and recognizing the effects of reference rate change on financial reporting. The new guidance applies specifically to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR, or any other referenced rate that is expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. The new guidance is effective for the Company through December 31, 2022. The Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) Benchmark Administration, the administrator for LIBOR and other inter-bank offered rates, announced that the LIBOR rates for one-day, one-month, six-month and one-year will cease publication in  June 2023 and that no new financial contracts  may use LIBOR after  December 31, 2021. Currently, all of the Company's LIBOR based financial contracts are based on the one-month LIBOR rate. None of the holders of these financial contracts have indicated when a transition from LIBOR will occur. Accordingly, the Company does not anticipate adopting this guidance until fiscal 2022. The new guidance could result in a significant impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations, and cash flows when the reference rate is changed for related contracts.

Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standard–setting bodies are not currently applicable to the Company or are not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Regulatory Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block]

	September 30
	2021		2020
Assets:
Current Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Accrued WNA revenues	$	8,104	$	—
Under-recovery of gas costs		5,048,164		1,733,718
Under-recovery of SAVE Plan revenues		305,502		108,550
Accrued pension and postretirement medical		206,679		576,731
Other deferred expenses		88,004		84,315
Total current		5,656,453		2,503,314
Utility Property:
In service:
Other		11,945		11,945
Construction work in progress:
AFUDC		386,189		330,208
Other Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Premium on early retirement of debt		1,484,433		1,598,620
Accrued pension and postretirement medical		5,154,713		9,156,546
Other deferred expenses		130,613		214,928
Total non-current		6,769,759		10,970,094
Total regulatory assets	$	12,824,346	$	13,815,561
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Current Liabilities:
Regulatory liabilities:
WNA	$	—	$	601,784
Deferred income taxes		329,959		205,353
Other deferred liabilities		—		83,176
Total current		329,959		890,313
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:
Asset retirement obligations		7,628,958		7,180,982
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations		13,640,567		12,678,043
Regulatory liabilities:
Deferred income taxes		12,891,242		10,729,082
Total non-current	$	34,160,767	$	30,588,107
Total regulatory liabilities	$	34,490,726	$	31,478,420

Public Utility Property, Plant, and Equipment [Table Text Block]

	September 30
	2021		2020
Distribution and transmission	$	241,493,911	$	227,753,620
LNG storage		14,966,584		14,798,453
General and miscellaneous		15,922,044		15,790,299
Total utility plant in service	$	272,382,539	$	258,342,372

Schedule of Change in Asset Retirement Obligation [Table Text Block]

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Beginning balance	$	7,180,982		$	6,788,683
Liabilities incurred		214,533			165,524
Liabilities settled		(160,064	)		(150,345	)
Accretion		393,507			377,120
Ending balance	$	7,628,958		$	7,180,982

Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Table Text Block]

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Beginning balance	$	703,140		$	110,743
Provision for doubtful accounts		(400,614	)		556,112
Recoveries of accounts written off		88,893			139,113
Accounts written off		(149,409	)		(102,828	)
Ending balance	$	242,010		$	703,140

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]

	Years Ended September 30
	2021		2020
Net Income	$	10,102,062	$	10,564,534
Weighted-average common shares		8,251,802		8,125,938
Effect of dilutive securities:
Options to purchase common stock		13,102		20,728
Diluted average common shares		8,264,904		8,146,666
Earnings Per Share of Common Stock:
Basic	$	1.22	$	1.30
Diluted	$	1.22	$	1.30

Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Table Text Block]

				Tax
	Before Tax			(Expense)			Net of Tax
	Amount			or Benefit			Amount
Year Ended September 30, 2021:
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized gains	$	473,880		$	(121,978	)	$	351,902
Transfer of realized losses to interest expense		553,593			(142,492	)		411,101
Net interest rate swaps		1,027,473			(264,470	)		763,003
Defined benefit plans:
Net gains arising during period	$	1,467,879		$	(377,832	)	$	1,090,047
Amortization of actuarial losses		80,069			(20,609	)		59,460
Net defined benefit plans		1,547,948			(398,441	)		1,149,507
Other comprehensive income	$	2,575,421		$	(662,911	)	$	1,912,510
Year Ended September 30, 2020:
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(1,594,126	)	$	410,328		$	(1,183,798	)
Transfer of realized losses to interest expense		264,911			(68,189	)		196,722
Net interest rate swaps		(1,329,215	)		342,139			(987,076	)
Defined benefit plans:
Net loss arising during period	$	(52,669	)	$	13,557		$	(39,112	)
Amortization of actuarial losses		90,441			(23,280	)		67,161
Net defined benefit plans		37,772			(9,723	)		28,049
Other comprehensive loss	$	(1,291,443	)	$	332,416		$	(959,027	)

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Table Text Block]

	Interest Rate Swaps			Defined Benefit Plans			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance September 30, 2019	$	(664,137	)	$	(1,824,780	)	$	(2,488,917	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(987,076	)		28,049			(959,027	)
Balance September 30, 2020		(1,651,213	)		(1,796,731	)		(3,447,944	)
Other comprehensive income		763,003			1,149,507			1,912,510
Balance September 30, 2021	$	(888,210	)	$	(647,224	)	$	(1,535,434	)

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Note 2 - Revenue (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Disaggregation of Revenue [Table Text Block]

	2021
	Gas utility		Non-utility		Total operating revenues
Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):
Residential	$	43,108,790	$	—	$	43,108,790
Commercial		25,217,030		—		25,217,030
Industrial and Transportation		4,973,885		—		4,973,885
Other		429,397		129,676		559,073
Total contracts with customers		73,729,102		129,676		73,858,778
Alternative Revenue Programs		1,316,001		—		1,316,001
Total operating revenues	$	75,045,103	$	129,676	$	75,174,779

	2020
	Gas utility		Non-utility		Total operating revenues
Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):
Residential	$	37,022,219	$	—	$	37,022,219
Commercial		18,387,674		—		18,387,674
Industrial and Transportation		5,188,069		—		5,188,069
Other		489,943		666,466		1,156,409
Total contracts with customers		61,087,905		666,466		61,754,371
Alternative Revenue Programs		1,321,020		—		1,321,020
Total operating revenues	$	62,408,925	$	666,466	$	63,075,391

Contract with Customer, Contract Asset, Contract Liability, and Receivable [Table Text Block]

	Current Assets				Current Liabilities
	Trade accounts receivable (1)		Unbilled revenue (1)		Customer credit balances			Customer deposits
September 30, 2020	$	2,343,492	$	1,041,518	$	1,587,061		$	1,611,476
September 30, 2021		3,722,916		1,191,227		1,539,680			1,571,342
Increase (decrease)	$	1,379,424	$	149,709	$	(47,381	)	$	(40,134	)

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Note 4 - Segment Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment [Table Text Block]

	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates			Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
For the Year Ended September 30, 2021:
Operating revenues	$	75,045,103	$	—		$	129,676	$	75,174,779
Depreciation		8,424,620		—			—		8,424,620
Operating income (loss)		14,955,375		(267,391	)		90,325		14,778,309
Equity in earnings		—		1,667,554			—		1,667,554
Interest expense		2,812,107		1,239,778			—		4,051,885
Income before income taxes		13,043,470		171,861			90,793		13,306,124
As of September 30, 2021:
Total assets	$	231,737,427	$	65,686,376		$	12,685,390	$	310,109,193
Gross additions to utility property		19,967,567		—			—		19,967,567
Gross investment in MVP and Southgate		—		6,028,760			—		6,028,760

	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates			Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
For the Year Ended September 30, 2020:
Operating revenues	$	62,408,925	$	—		$	666,466	$	63,075,391
Depreciation		7,890,725		—			—		7,890,725
Operating income (loss)		12,429,613		(220,194	)		308,763		12,518,182
Equity in earnings		—		4,814,874			—		4,814,874
Interest expense		2,730,822		1,368,336			—		4,099,158
Income before income taxes		10,350,946		3,233,233			286,015		13,870,194
As of September 30, 2020:
Total assets	$	211,994,364	$	57,660,105		$	12,025,038	$	281,679,507
Gross additions to utility property		22,916,339		—			—		22,916,339
Gross investment in MVP and Southgate		—		7,864,859			—		7,864,859

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Note 5 - Other Investments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Investment [Table Text Block]

	September 30
Balance Sheet location:	2021		2020
Other Assets:
MVP	$	64,462,194	$	57,183,063
Southgate		405,125		359,742
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	$	64,867,319	$	57,542,805
Current Liabilities:
MVP	$	2,139,696	$	2,501,883
Southgate		941		10,554
Capital contributions payable	$	2,140,637	$	2,512,437

	Years Ended September 30
Income Statement location:	2021		2020
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	$	1,667,554	$	4,814,874

	September 30
	2021		2020
Undistributed earnings, net of income taxes, of MVP in retained earnings	$	8,081,027	$	6,842,702

	September 30
	2021			2020
Cash investment	$	6,028,760		$	7,864,859
Change in accrued capital calls		(371,800	)		(2,512,387	)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate		1,667,554			4,814,874
Change in investment in unconsolidated affiliates	$	7,324,514		$	10,167,346

Equity Method Investments [Table Text Block]

	Income Statements
	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
AFUDC	$	165,048,237		$	479,586,911
Net other income (expense)		(388,436	)		714,128
Net income	$	164,659,801		$	480,301,039

	Balance Sheets
	September 30
	2021		2020
Assets:
Current assets	$	208,961,113	$	513,713,429
Construction work in progress		6,281,991,035		5,536,248,668
Other assets		980,410		4,597,441
Total assets	$	6,491,932,558	$	6,054,559,538
Liabilities and Equity:
Current liabilities	$	200,441,027	$	187,581,804
Noncurrent liabilities		13,000		245,000
Capital		6,291,478,531		5,866,732,734
Total liabilities and equity	$	6,491,932,558	$	6,054,559,538

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Note 6 - Line-of-credit (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Line of Credit Available Credit Limit [Table Text Block]

	Available
As of	Line-of-Credit
September 30, 2021	$	32,000,000
March 1, 2022		25,000,000
July 20, 2022		32,000,000
October 19, 2022		40,000,000
March 1, 2023		34,000,000

Schedule of Line of Credit Facilities [Table Text Block]

	September 30
	2021			2020
Available line-of-credit at year-end	$	32,000,000		$	19,000,000
Outstanding balance at year-end		17,628,897			9,143,606
Highest month-end balance outstanding		17,628,897			12,983,210
Average daily balance		10,042,073			3,286,033
Average rate of interest during year on outstanding balances		1.12	%		2.16	%
Interest rate at year-end		1.08	%		1.15	%
Interest rate on unused line-of-credit		0.15	%		0.15	%

XML

Note 7 - Long-term Debt (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Long-term Debt Instruments [Table Text Block]

	September 30
	2021					2020
	Principal			Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs		Principal		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs
Roanoke Gas:
Unsecured senior notes payable, at 4.26%, due September 18, 2034	$	30,500,000		$	125,502	$	30,500,000	$	135,157
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 0.90%, due November 1, 2021		7,000,000			278		7,000,000		3,613
Unsecured term notes payable, at 3.58% due October 2, 2027		8,000,000			28,896		8,000,000		33,712
Unsecured term notes payable at 4.41%, due March 28, 2031		10,000,000			29,760		10,000,000		32,892
Unsecured term notes payable at 3.60%, due December 6, 2029		10,000,000			29,062		10,000,000		32,585
Unsecured delayed draw notes payable		—			21,545		—		—
Midstream:
Unsecured term notes payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35% due December 29, 2022		33,610,200			14,904		25,475,200		38,728
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.15%, due June 12, 2026		14,000,000			11,437		14,000,000		13,844
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.20%, due June 1, 2024		10,000,000			6,286		10,000,000		8,644
Total notes payable, current and noncurrent	$	123,110,200		$	267,670	$	114,975,200	$	299,175
Line-of-credit, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%, due March 31, 2023		17,628,897			—		9,143,606		—
Total long-term debt	$	140,739,097		$	267,670	$	124,118,806	$	299,175
Less: current maturities of long-term debt		(7,000,000	)		—		—		—
Total long-term debt, net current maturities	$	133,739,097		$	267,670	$	124,118,806	$	299,175

Schedule of Maturities of Long-term Debt [Table Text Block]

Year Ending September 30	Maturities
2022	$	7,000,000
2023		51,239,097
2024		10,000,000
2025		—
2026		14,000,000
Thereafter		58,500,000
Total	$	140,739,097

XML

Note 8 - Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) [Table Text Block]

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Current income taxes:
Federal	$	2,527,997		$	1,841,124
State		569,877			342,233
Total current income taxes		3,097,874			2,183,357
Deferred income taxes:
Federal		(137,159	)		644,682
State		243,347			477,621
Total deferred income taxes		106,188			1,122,303
Total income tax expense	$	3,204,062		$	3,305,660

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Table Text Block]

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Income before income taxes	$	13,306,124		$	13,870,194
Corporate federal income tax rate		21	%		21	%
Income tax expense computed at the federal statutory rate	$	2,794,286		$	2,912,741
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit		642,447			647,685
Net amortization of excess deferred taxes on regulated operations		(162,228	)		(162,228	)
Tax benefit recognized on stock compensation		(4,099	)		(114,984	)
Tax credits		(86,839	)		—
Other, net		20,495			22,446
Total income tax expense	$	3,204,062		$	3,305,660

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block]

	September 30
	2021		2020
Deferred tax assets:
Allowance for uncollectibles	$	62,292	$	180,986
Accrued pension and postretirement medical benefits		195,044		651,356
Regulatory effect of change in federal income tax rate		2,761,667		2,814,525
Accrued paid time off		137,175		140,635
Cost of gas held in storage		753,344		604,962
Deferred compensation		915,749		992,605
Interest rate swaps		307,873		572,343
Accrued gas cost		289,801		—
Other		98,642		97,564
Total gross deferred tax assets	$	5,521,587	$	6,054,976
Deferred tax liabilities:
Utility plant	$	18,643,863	$	18,310,474
MVP investment		1,825,937		1,693,075
Other		—		25,189
Total gross deferred tax liabilities	$	20,469,800	$	20,028,738
Net deferred tax liability	$	14,948,213	$	13,973,762

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Note 9 - Employee Benefit Plans (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Changes in Projected Benefit Obligations, Fair Value of Plan Assets, and Funded Status of Plan [Table Text Block]

	Pension Plan						Postretirement Plan
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Accumulated benefit obligation	$	33,341,841		$	34,821,069		$	16,796,849		$	17,925,409
Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	39,998,002		$	35,550,987		$	17,925,409		$	18,030,399
Service cost		734,282			691,602			140,691			167,879
Interest cost		975,139			1,062,227			430,490			531,480
Actuarial loss (gain)		(2,237,486	)		3,620,400			(1,109,181	)		(325,269	)
Benefit payments, net of retiree contributions		(1,815,469	)		(927,214	)		(590,560	)		(479,080	)
Benefit obligation at end of year	$	37,654,468		$	39,998,002		$	16,796,849		$	17,925,409
Change in fair value of plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	$	37,657,631		$	33,586,671		$	14,116,253		$	13,082,610
Actual return on plan assets, net of taxes		2,571,945			4,198,174			1,956,649			1,112,723
Employer contributions		500,000			800,000			400,000			400,000
Benefit payments, net of retiree contributions		(1,815,469	)		(927,214	)		(590,560	)		(479,080	)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	$	38,914,107		$	37,657,631		$	15,882,342		$	14,116,253
Funded status	$	1,259,639		$	(2,340,371	)	$	(914,507	)	$	(3,809,156	)
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheet consist of:
Noncurrent assets	$	1,259,639		$	—		$	—		$	—
Noncurrent liabilities		—			(2,340,371	)		(914,507	)		(3,809,156	)
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Net actuarial loss, net of tax	$	527,720		$	1,181,744		$	119,504		$	614,987
Total amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	$	527,720		$	1,181,744		$	119,504		$	614,987
Amounts deferred to a regulatory asset:
Net actuarial loss	$	4,562,834		$	6,977,944		$	798,558		$	2,755,333
Amounts recognized as regulatory assets	$	4,562,834		$	6,977,944		$	798,558		$	2,755,333

Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions [Table Text Block]

	Pension Plan						Postretirement Plan
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:
Discount rate		2.73	%		2.47	%		2.70	%		2.44	%
Expected rate of compensation increase		4.00	%		4.00	%		N/A			N/A
Assumptions used to determine benefit costs:
Discount rate		2.47	%		3.03	%		2.44	%		3.00	%
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets		5.40	%		5.50	%		4.25	%		4.26	%
Expected rate of compensation increase		4.00	%		4.00	%		N/A			N/A

Schedule of Net Benefit Costs [Table Text Block]

	Pension Plan						Postretirement Plan
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Service cost	$	734,282		$	691,602		$	140,691		$	167,879
Interest cost		975,139			1,062,227			430,490			531,480
Expected return on plan assets		(2,015,743	)		(1,836,623	)		(596,488	)		(550,394	)
Recognized loss		502,141			455,744			154,659			237,371
Net periodic benefit cost	$	195,819		$	372,950		$	129,352		$	386,336

Schedule of Health Care Cost Trend Rates [Table Text Block]

	Pre 65						Post 65
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year		6.50	%		7.00	%		5.20	%		5.20	%
Rate to which the cost trend is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)		5.50	%		5.50	%		5.20	%		5.20	%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate	2023			2023			2021			2020

Schedule of Effect of One-Percentage-Point Change in Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates [Table Text Block]

	1% Increase		1% Decrease
Effect on total service and interest cost components	$	111,000	$	(88,000	)
Effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation		2,575,000		(2,106,000	)

Schedule of Allocation of Plan Assets [Table Text Block]

	Pension Plan									Postretirement Plan
	Target			2021			2020			Target			2021			2020
Asset category:
Equity securities		30	%		30	%		30	%		50	%		49	%		51	%
Debt securities		70	%		69	%		69	%		50	%		50	%		48	%
Cash		—	%		1	%		1	%		—	%		1	%		1	%
Other		—	%		—	%		—	%		—	%		—	%		—	%

			Pension Plan
			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2021
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Asset Class:
Cash	$	429,764	$	429,764	$	—	$	—
Common and Collective Trust and Pooled Funds:
Bonds
Liability Driven Investment		26,898,651		—		26,898,651		—
Equities
Domestic Large Cap Growth		3,430,962		—		3,430,962		—
Domestic Large Cap Value		3,480,915		—		3,480,915		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core		1,752,186		—		1,752,186		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		1,561,512		—		1,561,512		—
Mutual Funds:
Equities
Foreign Large Cap Growth		1,071,719		1,071,719		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		288,398		288,398		—		—
Total	$	38,914,107	$	1,789,881	$	37,124,226	$	—

			Pension Plan
			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Asset Class:
Cash	$	339,287	$	339,287	$	—	$	—
Common and Collective Trust and Pooled Funds:
Bonds
Liability Driven Investment		26,038,966		—		26,038,966		—
Equities
Domestic Large Cap Growth		3,462,841		—		3,462,841		—
Domestic Large Cap Value		3,351,694		—		3,351,694		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core		1,665,005		—		1,665,005		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		1,473,427		—		1,473,427		—
Mutual Funds:
Equities
Foreign Large Cap Growth		1,047,274		1,047,274		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		279,137		279,137		—		—
Total	$	37,657,631	$	1,665,698	$	35,991,933	$	—

			Postretirement Plan
			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2021
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Asset Class:
Cash	$	157,957	$	157,957	$	—	$	—
Mutual Funds:
Bonds
Domestic Fixed Income		7,109,967		7,109,967		—		—
Foreign Fixed Income		757,422		757,422		—		—
Equities
Domestic Large Cap Growth		2,346,401		2,346,401		—		—
Domestic Large Cap Value		2,361,583		2,361,583		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Growth		295,628		295,628		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Value		248,317		248,317		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core		557,739		557,739		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Growth		594,573		594,573		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		1,352,329		1,352,329		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Core		85,871		85,871		—		—
Other		14,555		—		14,555		—
Total	$	15,882,342	$	15,867,787	$	14,555	$	—

			Postretirement Plan
			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Asset Class:
Cash	$	73,908	$	73,908	$	—	$	—
Mutual Funds:
Bonds
Domestic Fixed Income		6,163,808		6,163,808		—		—
Foreign Fixed Income		638,709		638,709		—		—
Equities
Domestic Large Cap Growth		2,197,839		2,197,839		—		—
Domestic Large Cap Value		2,119,433		2,119,433		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Growth		262,726		262,726		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Value		235,216		235,216		—		—
Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core		552,607		552,607		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Growth		548,967		548,967		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Value		1,224,420		1,224,420		—		—
Foreign Large Cap Core		77,471		77,471		—		—
Other		21,149		—		21,149		—
Total	$	14,116,253	$	14,095,104	$	21,149	$	—

Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments [Table Text Block]

	Pension		Postretirement
Fiscal year ending September 30	Plan		Plan
2022	$	1,095,464	$	730,324
2023		1,154,843		740,565
2024		1,221,199		717,641
2025		1,371,276		721,176
2026		1,487,113		717,684
2027 - 2031		8,715,094		3,697,782

NQDC Plan [Member]

Notes Tables

Defined Contribution Plan Disclosures [Table Text Block]

	2021			2020
Beginning deferred compensation balance	$	—		$	—
Employer contributions		48,100			—
Participant contributions		—			—
Earnings		2,297			—
Distributions		(15,053	)		—
Ending deferred compensation balance	$	35,344		$	—

The 401K Plan [Member]

Notes Tables

Defined Contribution Plan Disclosures [Table Text Block]

	Years Ended September 30
	2021		2020
Matching contribution	$	383,340	$	364,773
Discretionary contribution		43,093		18,313

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Note 10 - Common Stock Options (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions [Table Text Block]

	Years Ended September 30
	2021			2020
Expected volatility		32.05	%		31.53	%
Expected dividends		2.75	%		2.74	%
Expected exercise term (years)		7			7
Risk-free interest rate		1.24	%		0.51	%

Share-based Payment Arrangement, Option, Activity [Table Text Block]

	Number of Shares			Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Terms (years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value1
Options outstanding, September 30, 2019		68,492		$	14.91		6.2	$	981,170
Options granted		13,000			27.87
Options exercised		(29,992	)		14.65
Options expired		—			—
Options forfeited		—			—
Options outstanding, September 30, 2020		51,500		$	18.34		6.4	$	320,797
Options granted		3,000			22.93
Options exercised		(9,250	)		14.90
Options expired		—			—
Options forfeited		—			—
Options outstanding, September 30, 2021		45,250		$	19.34		6.0	$	213,898
Vested and exercisable at September 30, 2021		45,250		$	19.34		6.0	$	213,898

	Years Ended September 30
	2021		2020
Weighted-average grant date option fair value	$	5.55	$	6.26
Stock option expense		11,100		81,380
Intrinsic value of options exercised		70,297		411,638
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		137,802		439,509

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Note 11 - Other Stock Plans (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonemployee Director Award Plan, Activity [Table Text Block]

	2021				2020
	Shares		Weighted-Average Fair Value on Date of Grant		Shares			Weighted-Average Fair Value on Date of Grant
Beginning of year balance		99,070	$	14.06		104,680		$	12.51
Granted		11,374		23.67		9,193			26.28
Vested		—		—		(14,803	)		10.68
Forfeited		—		—		—			—
End of year balance		110,444	$	15.05		99,070		$	14.06

Share-based Payment Arrangement, Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit, Activity [Table Text Block]

	2021					2020
	Shares			Weighted-Average Fair Value on Date of Grant		Shares			Weighted-Average Fair Value on Date of Grant
Beginning of year balance		6,815		$	28.55		10,185		$	28.65
Granted		16,656			24.21		14,951			28.17
Vested		(11,635	)		25.77		(18,321	)		28.30
Forfeited		—			—		—			—
End of year balance		11,836		$	25.17		6,815		$	28.55

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Note 12 - Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Contractual Obligation, Fiscal Year Maturity [Table Text Block]

	Natural Gas Contracts
Year	(In DTHs)
2021-2022		2,320,859
2022-2023		295,866
Total		2,616,725

	Pipeline and
Year	Storage Capacity
2021 - 2022	$	15,432,720
2022 - 2023		13,671,397
2023 - 2024		11,789,154
2024 - 2025		7,206,347
2025 - 2026		2,249,852
Thereafter		1,813,618
Total	$	52,163,088

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Note 13 - Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis [Table Text Block]

			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2021
			Quoted Prices in Active Markets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	$	2,728,935	$	—	$	2,728,935	$	—
Interest rate swaps		1,196,083		—		1,196,083		—
Total	$	3,925,018	$	—	$	3,925,018	$	—

			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020
			Quoted Prices in Active Markets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	$	470,755	$	—	$	470,755	$	—
Interest rate swaps		2,223,556		—		2,223,556		—
Total	$	2,694,311	$	—	$	2,694,311	$	—

Fair Value, by Balance Sheet Grouping [Table Text Block]

			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2021
	Carrying		Quoted Prices in Active Markets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities:
Current maturities of long-term debt	$	7,000,000	$	—	$	—	$	7,000,000
Notes payable		116,110,200		—		—		124,691,896
Total	$	123,110,200	$	—	$	—	$	131,691,896

			Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020
	Carrying		Quoted Prices in Active Markets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities:
Notes payable	$	114,975,200	$	—	$	—	$	124,740,970
Total	$	114,975,200	$	—	$	—	$	124,740,970

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Note 14 - Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited) (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Quarterly Financial Information [Table Text Block]

	First		Second		Third		Fourth
2021	Quarter		Quarter		Quarter		Quarter
Operating revenues	$	19,517,017	$	28,253,662	$	14,048,846	$	13,355,254
Operating income	$	5,581,387	$	7,099,426	$	1,542,333	$	555,163
Net income	$	4,723,263	$	4,767,478	$	610,840	$	481
Earnings (loss) per share of common stock:
Basic	$	0.58	$	0.58	$	0.07	$	—
Diluted	$	0.58	$	0.58	$	0.07	$	—

	First		Second		Third		Fourth
2020	Quarter		Quarter		Quarter		Quarter
Operating revenues	$	19,785,453	$	22,437,731	$	11,071,918	$	9,780,289
Operating income (loss)	$	5,081,979	$	6,999,616	$	1,335,663	$	(899,076	)
Net income (loss)	$	4,006,936	$	5,680,316	$	1,206,578	$	(329,296	)
Earnings (loss) per share of common stock:
Basic	$	0.50	$	0.70	$	0.15	$	(0.04	)
Diluted	$	0.49	$	0.70	$	0.15	$	(0.04	)

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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Textual)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Sep. 24, 2021 USD ($)	Aug. 20, 2021 USD ($)	Oct. 01, 2019 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Number of Customers	62,600
Amortization of Regulatory Asset	$ 84,315	$ 1,106,511
Remaining Amounts of Regulatory Assets for which No Return on Investment During Recovery Period is Provided	$ 12,812,401
Regulatory Utility Assets Provision, Period (Year)	5 years
Public Utilities, Property, Plant and Equipment, Disclosure of Composite Depreciation Rate for Plants in Service	3.28%	3.30%
Allowance for Funds Used During Construction, Capitalized Interest	$ 14,003	$ 81,629
Public Utilities, Allowance for Funds Used During Construction, Capitalized Cost of Equity	41,978	248,579
Cash, Uninsured Amount	0
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss, Period Increase (Decrease), Total	(859,000)
Unbilled Receivables, Current	$ 1,191,227	1,041,518
Deferred Charges, Amortization Period (Month)	12 months
Number of Pipelines	2
Noncash Increase (Decrease) in Unconsolidated Affiliate	$ 371,800	$ 2,512,387
Lessee, Operating Lease, Number of Leases					1
Lessee, Operating Lease, Quarterly Payments					$ 1,100
Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day SOFR Average 1.20% Due August 20, 2026 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount				$ 15,000,000
Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 100 Basis Points, Due October 1, 2028 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount			$ 10,000,000
Unsecured Debt [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 0.90%, Due November 1, 2021 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 7,000,000
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate	2.30%
Unsecured Debt [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day SOFR Average 1.20% Due August 20, 2026 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount				$ 15,000,000
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate				2.00%
Unsecured Debt [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 100 Basis Points, Due October 1, 2028 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount			$ 10,000,000
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate			2.49%
Unsecured Debt [Member] | Unsecured Term Note Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.15%, Due June 12, 2026 [Member] | RGC Midstream LLC [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 14,000,000					$ 14,000,000
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate						3.24%
Unsecured Debt [Member] | Unsecured Term Note Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.20%, Due June 1, 2024 [Member] | RGC Midstream LLC [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 10,000,000					$ 10,000,000
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate						3.14%
Energy Related Derivative [Member]
Derivative, Number of Instruments Held, Total	0	0
Interest Rate Swap [Member]
Derivative, Number of Instruments Held, Total	5
Interest Rate Swap [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day SOFR Average 1.20% Due August 20, 2026 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member]
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate				2.00%
Interest Rate Swap [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 100 Basis Points, Due October 1, 2028 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member]
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate			2.49%
Interest Rate Swap [Member] | Unsecured Debt [Member] | Unsecured Term Note Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.15%, Due June 12, 2026 [Member] | RGC Midstream LLC [Member]
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate	3.24%
Interest Rate Swap [Member] | Unsecured Debt [Member] | Unsecured Term Note Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.20%, Due June 1, 2024 [Member] | RGC Midstream LLC [Member]
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate	3.14%
Minimum [Member]
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable Without Effect of Adjustments	$ 1,000,000

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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Regulatory Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Regulatory assets	$ 5,656,453	$ 2,503,314
Utility property in service, other	11,945	11,945
Construction work in progress - AFUDC	386,189	330,208
Noncurrent regulatory assets	6,769,759	10,970,094
Total regulatory assets	12,824,346	13,815,561
Regulatory liabilities	329,959	890,313
Asset retirement obligations	7,628,958	7,180,982	$ 6,788,683
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations	13,640,567	12,678,043
Regulatory liabilities	12,891,242	10,729,082
Total non-current	34,160,767	30,588,107
Total regulatory liabilities	34,490,726	31,478,420
WNA [Member]
Regulatory liabilities	0	601,784
Deferred Income Tax Charge [Member]
Regulatory liabilities	329,959	205,353
Other Deferred Liabilities [Member]
Regulatory liabilities	0	83,176
WNA [Member]
Regulatory assets	8,104	0
Regulatory Clause Revenues, under-recovered [Member]
Regulatory assets	5,048,164	1,733,718
Under-recovery of SAVE Plan Revenues [Member]
Regulatory assets	305,502	108,550
Pension Costs [Member]
Regulatory assets	206,679	576,731
Noncurrent regulatory assets	5,154,713	9,156,546
Other Deferred Expenses [Member]
Regulatory assets	88,004	84,315
Noncurrent regulatory assets	130,613	214,928
Deferred Gain (Loss) on Early Extinguishment of Debt [Member]
Noncurrent regulatory assets	1,484,433	1,598,620
Total regulatory assets	$ 1,484,433	$ 1,598,620

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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Composition of Utility Plant (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Distribution and transmission	$ 241,493,911	$ 227,753,620
LNG storage	14,966,584	14,798,453
General and miscellaneous	15,922,044	15,790,299
Total utility plant in service	$ 272,382,539	$ 258,342,372

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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Summary of Asset Retirement Obligations (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Beginning balance	$ 7,180,982	$ 6,788,683
Liabilities incurred	214,533	165,524
Liabilities settled	(160,064)	(150,345)
Accretion	393,507	377,120
Ending balance	$ 7,628,958	$ 7,180,982

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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Reconciliation of Changes in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Beginning balance	$ 703,140	$ 110,743
Provision for doubtful accounts	(400,614)	556,112
Recoveries of accounts written off	88,893	139,113
Accounts written off	(149,409)	(102,828)
Ending balance	$ 242,010	$ 703,140

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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Net income	$ 481	$ 610,840	$ 4,767,478	$ 4,723,263	$ (329,296)	$ 1,206,578	$ 5,680,316	$ 4,006,936	$ 10,102,062	$ 10,564,534
Weighted-average common shares (in shares)									8,251,802	8,125,938
Options to purchase common stock (in shares)									13,102	20,728
Diluted average common shares (in shares)									8,264,904	8,146,666
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0.07	$ 0.58	$ 0.58	$ (0.04)	$ 0.15	$ 0.70	$ 0.50	$ 1.22	$ 1.30
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0.07	$ 0.58	$ 0.58	$ (0.04)	$ 0.15	$ 0.70	$ 0.49	$ 1.22	$ 1.30

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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Other Comprehensive Income and Loss (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$ 2,575,421	$ (1,291,443)
Other comprehensive income (loss), tax	(662,911)	332,416
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	1,912,510	(959,027)
Accumulated Gain (Loss), Net, Cash Flow Hedge, Parent [Member]
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	473,880	(1,594,126)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, tax	(121,978)	410,328
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of tax	351,902	(1,183,798)
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income	553,593	264,911
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income, tax	(142,492)	(68,189)
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax	411,101	196,722
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,027,473	(1,329,215)
Other comprehensive income (loss), tax	(264,470)	342,139
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	763,003	(987,076)
Accumulated Defined Benefit Plans Adjustment, Net Gain (Loss) Attributable to Parent [Member]
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, tax	(377,832)	13,557
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of tax	1,090,047	(39,112)
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income	80,069	90,441
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income, tax	(20,609)	(23,280)
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax	59,460	67,161
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,547,948	37,772
Other comprehensive income (loss), tax	(398,441)	(9,723)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	1,149,507	28,049
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	$ 1,467,879	$ (52,669)

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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Reconciliation of Accumulated Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Balance	$ 88,887,977	$ 83,096,392
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,912,510	(959,027)
Other comprehensive income	1,912,510	(959,027)
Balance	99,701,709	88,887,977
Accumulated Gain (Loss), Net, Cash Flow Hedge, Parent [Member]
Balance	(1,651,213)	(664,137)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	763,003	(987,076)
Other comprehensive income	763,003	(987,076)
Balance	(888,210)	(1,651,213)
Accumulated Defined Benefit Plans Adjustment, Net Gain (Loss) Attributable to Parent [Member]
Balance	(1,796,731)	(1,824,780)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,149,507	28,049
Other comprehensive income	1,149,507	28,049
Balance	(647,224)	(1,796,731)
AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]
Balance	(3,447,944)	(2,488,917)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,912,510	(959,027)
Other comprehensive income	1,912,510	(959,027)
Balance	$ (1,535,434)	$ (3,447,944)

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Note 2 - Revenue - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Total contracts with customers									$ 73,858,778	$ 1,156,409
Alternative Revenue Programs									1,316,001	1,321,020
Total operating revenues	$ 13,355,254	$ 14,048,846	$ 28,253,662	$ 19,517,017	$ 9,780,289	$ 11,071,918	$ 22,437,731	$ 19,785,453	75,174,779	63,075,391
Oil and Gas [Member] | Residential [Member]
Total contracts with customers									43,108,790	37,022,219
Oil and Gas [Member] | Commercial [Member]
Total contracts with customers									25,217,030	18,387,674
Oil and Gas [Member] | Industrial and Transportation [Member]
Total contracts with customers									4,973,885	5,188,069
Product and Service, Other [Member]
Total contracts with customers									559,073	61,754,371
Gas Utility [Member]
Total contracts with customers									73,729,102	489,943
Alternative Revenue Programs									1,316,001	1,321,020
Total operating revenues									75,045,103	62,408,925
Gas Utility [Member] | Oil and Gas [Member] | Residential [Member]
Total contracts with customers									43,108,790	37,022,219
Gas Utility [Member] | Oil and Gas [Member] | Commercial [Member]
Total contracts with customers									25,217,030	18,387,674
Gas Utility [Member] | Oil and Gas [Member] | Industrial and Transportation [Member]
Total contracts with customers									4,973,885	5,188,069
Gas Utility [Member] | Product and Service, Other [Member]
Total contracts with customers									429,397	61,087,905
Non-utility [Member]
Total contracts with customers									129,676	666,466
Alternative Revenue Programs									0	0
Total operating revenues									129,676	666,466
Non-utility [Member] | Oil and Gas [Member] | Residential [Member]
Total contracts with customers									0	0
Non-utility [Member] | Oil and Gas [Member] | Commercial [Member]
Total contracts with customers									0	0
Non-utility [Member] | Oil and Gas [Member] | Industrial and Transportation [Member]
Total contracts with customers									0	0
Non-utility [Member] | Product and Service, Other [Member]
Total contracts with customers									$ 129,676	$ 666,466

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Note 2 - Revenue - Customer Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
		Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Trade accounts receivable		$ 4,949,900	$ 3,404,044
Unbilled revenue		1,191,227	1,041,518
Customer credit balances		1,539,680	1,587,061
Customer deposits		1,571,342	1,611,476
Increase (decrease) in Unbilled revenue	[1]	149,709
Increase (decrease) in Customer credit balances		(47,381)
Increase (decrease) in Customer deposits		(40,134)
Trade Accounts Receivable [Member]
Trade accounts receivable		3,722,916	$ 2,343,492
Increase (decrease) in Trade accounts receivable	[1]	$ 1,379,424

[1] Included in "Accounts receivable, net" in the consolidated balance sheet. Amounts shown net of reserve for bad debts.

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Note 3 - Regulatory Matters (Details Textual) - USD ($)			1 Months Ended
	Aug. 25, 2021	Jan. 24, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Oct. 28, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021
CARES Act, Funds Received			$ 403,000
Deferred Costs, COVID-19 Related						$ 217,000
Subsequent Event [Member]
American Rescue Plan (ARPA) Act Funds Receivable					$ 858,556
Roanoke Gas Company [Member]
Contract with Customer, Liability, Cumulative Catch-up Adjustment to Revenue, Change in Estimate of Transaction Price				$ 3,800,000
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Subsequent Event [Member]
American Rescue Plan (ARPA) Act Funds Receivable					$ 858,556
Virginia State Corporate Commission (SCC) [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Updated SAVE Rider Application [Member]
Request of Recovery of Costs from Regulatory Agency, Annual Revenues	$ 3,250,000
Public Utilities, Requested Rate Increase (Decrease), Amount	$ 1,100,000
Virginia State Corporate Commission (SCC) [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | General Rate Case [Member]
Public Utilities, Approved Rate Increase (Decrease), Amount		$ 7,250,000
Public Utilities, Approved Return on Equity, Percentage		9.44%

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Note 4 - Segment Information - Segment Information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Operating revenues	$ 13,355,254	$ 14,048,846	$ 28,253,662	$ 19,517,017	$ 9,780,289	$ 11,071,918	$ 22,437,731	$ 19,785,453	$ 75,174,779	$ 63,075,391
Depreciation									8,424,620	7,890,725
Operating income (loss)	555,163	$ 1,542,333	$ 7,099,426	$ 5,581,387	(899,076)	$ 1,335,663	$ 6,999,616	$ 5,081,979	14,778,309	12,518,182
Equity in earnings									1,667,554	4,814,874
Interest expense									4,051,885	4,099,158
Income before income taxes									13,306,124	13,870,194
Total assets	310,109,193				281,679,507				310,109,193	281,679,507
Gross additions to utility property									19,967,567	22,916,339
Gross investment in MVP and Southgate									6,028,760	7,864,859
Operating Segments [Member] | Gas Utility [Member]
Operating revenues									75,045,103	62,408,925
Depreciation									8,424,620	7,890,725
Operating income (loss)									14,955,375	12,429,613
Equity in earnings									0	0
Interest expense									2,812,107	2,730,822
Income before income taxes									13,043,470	10,350,946
Total assets	231,737,427				211,994,364				231,737,427	211,994,364
Gross additions to utility property									19,967,567	22,916,339
Gross investment in MVP and Southgate									0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Investment in Affiliates [Member]
Operating revenues									0	0
Depreciation									0	0
Operating income (loss)									(267,391)	(220,194)
Equity in earnings									1,667,554	4,814,874
Interest expense									1,239,778	1,368,336
Income before income taxes									171,861	3,233,233
Total assets	65,686,376				57,660,105				65,686,376	57,660,105
Gross additions to utility property									0	0
Gross investment in MVP and Southgate									6,028,760	7,864,859
Corporate, Non-Segment [Member]
Operating revenues									129,676	666,466
Depreciation									0	0
Operating income (loss)									90,325	308,763
Equity in earnings									0	0
Interest expense									0	0
Income before income taxes									90,793	286,015
Total assets	$ 12,685,390				$ 12,025,038				12,685,390	12,025,038
Gross additions to utility property									0	0
Gross investment in MVP and Southgate									$ 0	$ 0

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Note 5 - Other Investments (Details Textual)	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Apr. 01, 2018 USD ($)
Public Utilities, Allowance for Funds Used During Construction, Additions		$ 55,981	$ 330,208
MVP Southgate Investment [Member]
Estimated Total Mountain Valley Pipeline Southgate Cost Projection				$ 500,000,000
MVP [Member]
Equity Method Investment, Other than Temporary Impairment		$ 0
RGC Midstream LLC [Member]
Debt Instrument, Number of Instruments		2
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | MVP Southgate Investment [Member]
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Noncontrolling Owners				1.00%
Estimated Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline Southgate				$ 2,100,000
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | MVP [Member]
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage		1.00%
Estimated Total Mountain Valley Pipeline Cost Projection		$ 6,200,000,000
Estimated Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline		65,000,000
Equity Method Investment, Other than Temporary Impairment		$ 0
Roanoke Gas Company [Member]
Public Utilities, Allowance for Funds Used During Construction, Additions	$ 55,981

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Note 5 - Other Investments - Schedule of Other Investments (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	$ 64,867,319	$ 57,542,805
Capital contributions payable	2,140,637	2,512,437
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	1,667,554	4,814,874
Undistributed earnings, net of income taxes, of MVP in retained earnings	8,081,027	6,842,702
Cash investment	6,028,760	7,864,859
Change in accrued capital calls	(371,800)	(2,512,387)
Change in investment in unconsolidated affiliates	7,324,514	10,167,346
MVP [Member]
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	64,462,194	57,183,063
Capital contributions payable	2,139,696	2,501,883
Southgate [Member]
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	405,125	359,742
Capital contributions payable	$ 941	$ 10,554

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Note 5 - Other Investments - Investment in Unconsolidated Entity (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Other income, net									$ 912,146	$ 636,296
Net income	$ 481	$ 610,840	$ 4,767,478	$ 4,723,263	$ (329,296)	$ 1,206,578	$ 5,680,316	$ 4,006,936	10,102,062	10,564,534
Current assets	25,143,855				14,436,561				25,143,855	14,436,561
Total assets	310,109,193				281,679,507				310,109,193	281,679,507
Current liabilities	26,013,532				16,570,742				26,013,532	16,570,742
Capital	99,701,709				88,887,977				99,701,709	88,887,977	$ 83,096,392
Total liabilities and equity	310,109,193				281,679,507				310,109,193	281,679,507
Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees [Member] | MVP [Member]
AFUDC									165,048,237	479,586,911
Other income, net									(388,436)	714,128
Net income									164,659,801	480,301,039
Current assets	208,961,113				513,713,429				208,961,113	513,713,429
Construction work in progress	6,281,991,035				5,536,248,668				6,281,991,035	5,536,248,668
Other assets	980,410				4,597,441				980,410	4,597,441
Total assets	6,491,932,558				6,054,559,538				6,491,932,558	6,054,559,538
Current liabilities	200,441,027				187,581,804				200,441,027	187,581,804
Noncurrent liabilities	13,000				245,000				13,000	245,000
Capital	6,291,478,531				5,866,732,734				6,291,478,531	5,866,732,734
Total liabilities and equity	$ 6,491,932,558				$ 6,054,559,538				$ 6,491,932,558	$ 6,054,559,538

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Note 6 - Line-of-credit (Details Textual) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 25, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity		$ 32,000,000	$ 19,000,000
Line of Credit Facility, Unused Capacity, Commitment Fee Percentage		0.15%	0.15%
Debt Instrument, Debt Covenant Ratio of Long-term Debt to Total Capitalization, Maximum		65.00%
Line of Credit [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity		$ 32,000,000
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Line of Credit [Member]
Debt Instrument, Term (Year)	2 years
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	$ 40,000,000
Line of Credit Facility, Unused Capacity, Commitment Fee Percentage	0.15%
Debt Instrument, Debt Covenant, Minimum Required Interest Coverage Ratio	1.50%
Debt Instrument, Debt Covenant Ratio of Long-term Debt to Total Capitalization, Maximum	65.00%
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	$ 14,000,000
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	$ 40,000,000
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	1.00%

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Note 6 - Line-of-credit - Available Borrowing Limits (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 01, 2023	Oct. 19, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 01, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Available Line of Credit					$ 32,000,000	$ 19,000,000
Line of Credit [Member]
Available Line of Credit					$ 32,000,000
Line of Credit [Member] | Forecast [Member]
Available Line of Credit	$ 34,000,000	$ 40,000,000	$ 32,000,000	$ 25,000,000

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Note 6 - Line-of-credit - Summary of Line of Credit (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	$ 32,000,000	$ 19,000,000
Outstanding balance at year-end	17,628,897	9,143,606
Highest month-end balance outstanding	17,628,897	12,983,210
Average daily balance	$ 10,042,073	$ 3,286,033
Average rate of interest during year on outstanding balances	1.12%	2.16%
Interest rate at year-end	1.08%	1.15%
Interest rate on unused line-of-credit	0.15%	0.15%

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Note 7 - Long-term Debt (Details Textual)						12 Months Ended
	Oct. 01, 2022 USD ($)	Apr. 01, 2022 USD ($)	Oct. 29, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 24, 2021 USD ($)	Aug. 20, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Debt Instruments, Overall Maximum Borrowing Capacity						$ 41,000,000
Regulatory Assets, Total						$ 12,824,346	$ 13,815,561
Debt Instrument, Debt Covenant Ratio of Long-term Debt to Total Capitalization, Maximum						65.00%
Debt Instrument, Debt Covenant, Ratio of Priority Debt to Total Assets, Maximum						15.00%
Deferred Gain (Loss) on Early Extinguishment of Debt [Member]
Regulatory Assets, Total						$ 1,484,433	$ 1,598,620
Regulatory Asset, Amortization Period (Year)						20 years
RGC Midstream LLC [Member]
Debt Instrument, Number of Instruments						2
Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 100 Basis Points, Due October 1, 2028 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount				$ 10,000,000
Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 100 Basis Points, Due October 1, 2028 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount				$ 10,000,000
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate				2.49%
Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 100 Basis Points, Due October 1, 2028 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Interest Rate Swap [Member]
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate				2.49%
Derivative, Notional Amount				$ 10,000,000
Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 100 Basis Points, Due October 1, 2028 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Forecast [Member]
Proceeds from Issuance of Long-term Debt, Total	$ 5,000,000	$ 5,000,000
Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 100 Basis Points, Due October 1, 2028 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate				1.00%
Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day SOFR Average 1.20% Due August 20, 2026 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount					$ 15,000,000
Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day SOFR Average 1.20% Due August 20, 2026 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount					$ 15,000,000
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate					2.00%
Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day SOFR Average 1.20% Due August 20, 2026 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Interest Rate Swap [Member]
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate					2.00%
Derivative, Notional Amount					$ 15,000,000
Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day SOFR Average 1.20% Due August 20, 2026 [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate					1.20%
Other Unsecured Notes [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate						0.90%
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate						2.30%
Unsecured Term Note Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.15%, Due June 12, 2026 [Member] | RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount						$ 14,000,000		$ 14,000,000
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate								3.24%
Unsecured Term Note Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.15%, Due June 12, 2026 [Member] | RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Interest Rate Swap [Member] | Unsecured Debt [Member]
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate						3.24%
Unsecured Term Note Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.20%, Due June 1, 2024 [Member] | RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount						$ 10,000,000		$ 10,000,000
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate								3.14%
Unsecured Term Note Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.20%, Due June 1, 2024 [Member] | RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Interest Rate Swap [Member] | Unsecured Debt [Member]
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate						3.14%
Subsequent Event [Member]
Debt Instruments, Overall Maximum Borrowing Capacity			$ 33,000,000
Subsequent Event [Member] | Unsecured Promissory Note with 30 Day LIBOR Plus 115 Basis Points Maturing December 1, 2027 [Member] | RGC Midstream LLC [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount			$ 8,000,000
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate			2.443%
Subsequent Event [Member] | Unsecured Promissory Note with 30 Day LIBOR Plus 115 Basis Points Maturing December 1, 2027 [Member] | RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate			1.15%

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Note 7 - Long-term Debt - Long-term Debt (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Notes payable	$ 140,739,097	$ 124,118,806
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs	267,670	299,175
Line-of-credit	17,628,897	9,143,606
Total long-term debt, net current maturities	133,739,097	124,118,806
Notes Payable [Member]
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs	267,670	299,175
Less: current maturities of long-term debt	(7,000,000)
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Senior Notes Payable [Member] | Unsecured Senior Notes Payable, at 4.26%, Due on September 18, 2034 [Member]
Notes payable	30,500,000	30,500,000
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs	125,502	135,157
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Note Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 0.90%, Due November 1, 2021 [Member]
Notes payable	7,000,000	7,000,000
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs	278	3,613
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 3.58%, Due on October 2, 2027 [Member]
Notes payable	8,000,000	8,000,000
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs	28,896	33,712
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 4.41 %, Due on March 28, 2031 [Member]
Notes payable	10,000,000	10,000,000
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs	29,760	32,892
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 3.60%, Due on December 6, 2029 [Member]
Notes payable	10,000,000	10,000,000
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs	29,062	32,585
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Notes Payable [Member]
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs	21,545
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Line of Credit, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.00%, Due March 31, 2023 [Member]
Line-of-credit	17,628,897	9,143,606
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.35%, Due December 29,2022 [Member]
Notes payable	33,610,200	25,475,200
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs	14,904	38,728
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Note Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.15%, Due June 12, 2026 [Member]
Notes payable	14,000,000	14,000,000
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs	11,437	13,844
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Note Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.20%, Due June 1, 2024 [Member]
Notes payable	10,000,000	10,000,000
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs	6,286	8,644
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Notes Payable [Member]
Notes payable	123,110,200	114,975,200
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs	$ 267,670	$ 299,175

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Note 7 - Long-term Debt - Long-term Debt (Details) (Parentheticals)		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 25, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Senior Notes Payable [Member] | Unsecured Senior Notes Payable, at 4.26%, Due on September 18, 2034 [Member]
Stated rate		4.26%	4.26%
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Note Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 0.90%, Due November 1, 2021 [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate		0.90%	0.90%
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 3.58%, Due on October 2, 2027 [Member]
Stated rate		3.58%	3.58%
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 4.41 %, Due on March 28, 2031 [Member]
Stated rate		4.41%	4.41%
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 3.60%, Due on December 6, 2029 [Member]
Stated rate		3.60%	3.60%
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	1.00%
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Line of Credit, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.00%, Due March 31, 2023 [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate		1.00%	1.00%
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.35%, Due December 29,2022 [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate		1.35%	1.35%
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Note Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.15%, Due June 12, 2026 [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate		1.15%	1.15%
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Note Payable, at 30-day LIBOR Plus 1.20%, Due June 1, 2024 [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate		1.20%	1.20%

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Note 7 - Long-term Debt - Aggregate Annual Maturities of Long-term Debt (Details)	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)
2022	$ 7,000,000
2023	51,239,097
2024	10,000,000
2025	0
2026	14,000,000
Thereafter	58,500,000
Total	$ 140,739,097

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Note 8 - Income Taxes (Details Textual) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
	Oct. 01, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021
Actual Tax Credit Recognized in Federal Income Tax Returns		$ 3,169,656
Amount of Tax Credits Recognized in Current Year Income Statement		$ 636,694
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Tax Credit, Amortization, Period (Year)	20 years
Tax Credit Carryforward, Annual Amortization Amount	$ 124,000
Tax Credit Carryforward, Annual Revenue Reduction	$ 40,000
Domestic Tax Authority [Member] | Internal Revenue Service (IRS) [Member]
Open Tax Year		2017 2018 2019
State and Local Jurisdiction [Member] | Virginia, Jurisdiction [Member]
Open Tax Year		2018 2019 2020
State and Local Jurisdiction [Member] | West Virginia, Jurisdiction [Member]
Open Tax Year		2018 2019 2020

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Note 8 - Income Taxes - Income Tax Expense (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Current income taxes:
Federal	$ 2,527,997	$ 1,841,124
State	569,877	342,233
Total current income taxes	3,097,874	2,183,357
Deferred income taxes:
Federal	(137,159)	644,682
State	243,347	477,621
Total deferred income taxes	106,188	1,122,303
Total income tax expense	$ 3,204,062	$ 3,305,660

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Note 8 - Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Income Tax Expense (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Income before income taxes	$ 13,306,124	$ 13,870,194
Corporate federal income tax rate	21.00%	21.00%
Income tax expense computed at the federal statutory rate	$ 2,794,286	$ 2,912,741
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit	642,447	647,685
Net amortization of excess deferred taxes on regulated operations	(162,228)	(162,228)
Tax benefit recognized on stock compensation	(4,099)	(114,984)
Tax credits	(86,839)	0
Other, net	20,495	22,446
Total income tax expense	$ 3,204,062	$ 3,305,660

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Note 8 - Income Taxes - Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Allowance for uncollectibles	$ 62,292	$ 180,986
Accrued pension and postretirement medical benefits	195,044	651,356
Regulatory effect of change in federal income tax rate	2,761,667	2,814,525
Accrued paid time off	137,175	140,635
Cost of gas held in storage	753,344	604,962
Deferred compensation	915,749	992,605
Interest rate swaps	307,873	572,343
Accrued gas cost	289,801	0
Other	98,642	97,564
Total gross deferred tax assets	5,521,587	6,054,976
Utility plant	18,643,863	18,310,474
MVP investment	1,825,937	1,693,075
Other	0	25,189
Total gross deferred tax liabilities	20,469,800	20,028,738
Net deferred tax liability	$ 14,948,213	$ 13,973,762

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Note 9 - Employee Benefit Plans (Details Textual)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020	Oct. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Amortization, Next Fiscal Year, Total		$ 60,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Amortization Of Net Gains (Losses), Regulatory Deferral		$ 207,000
The 401K Plan [Member]
Defined Contribution Plan, Minimum Annual Contributions Per Employee, Percent		1.00%
Defined Contribution Plan, Maximum Annual Contributions Per Employee, Percent		50.00%
Defined Contribution Plan, Employer Matching Contribution, Match Percentage		100.00%
Defined Contribution Plan, Employer Matching Contribution, Percent of 100 Percent Match		4.00%
Defined Contribution Plan, Employer Matching Contribution, Percent of Match, Second Tranche		50.00%
Defined Contribution Plan, Employer Matching Contribution, Percent of 50% Match		2.00%
Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Period Before Benefits are Fully Vested (Year)		5 years
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Target Allocation, Percentage		30.00%
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Expected Long-term Rate of Return on Plan Assets		5.40%	5.50%
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Employer Contributions, Next Fiscal Year				$ 500,000
Pension Plan [Member] | Forecast [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Expected Long-term Rate of Return on Plan Assets	4.75%
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Minimum Service Requirement (Year)		10 years
Defined Benefit Plan, Age Requirement		55
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Expected Long-term Rate of Return on Plan Assets		4.25%	4.26%
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Employer Contributions, Next Fiscal Year				$ 400,000
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Forecast [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Expected Long-term Rate of Return on Plan Assets	4.24%
Pension Plan, Lump Sum Pay Out, Vested, Terminated Employees [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Number of Eligible Participants		17
Defined Benefit Plan, Benefit Obligation, Payment for Settlement		$ 717,197

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Note 9 - Employee Benefit Plans - Benefit Obligation, Fair Value of Plan Assets and Funded Status (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Noncurrent assets	$ 1,259,639	$ 0
Noncurrent liabilities	(949,851)	(6,149,527)
Pension Plan [Member]
Accumulated benefit obligation	33,341,841	34,821,069
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	39,998,002	35,550,987
Service cost	734,282	691,602
Interest cost	975,139	1,062,227
Actuarial loss (gain)	(2,237,486)	3,620,400
Benefit payments, net of retiree contributions	(1,815,469)	(927,214)
Benefit obligation at end of year	37,654,468	39,998,002
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	37,657,631	33,586,671
Actual return on plan assets, net of taxes	2,571,945	4,198,174
Employer contributions	500,000	800,000
Benefit payments, net of retiree contributions	(1,815,469)	(927,214)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	38,914,107	37,657,631
Funded status	1,259,639	(2,340,371)
Noncurrent assets	1,259,639	0
Noncurrent liabilities	0	(2,340,371)
Net actuarial loss, net of tax	527,720	1,181,744
Total amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	527,720	1,181,744
Net actuarial loss	4,562,834	6,977,944
Amounts recognized as regulatory assets	4,562,834	6,977,944
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Accumulated benefit obligation	16,796,849	17,925,409
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	17,925,409	18,030,399
Service cost	140,691	167,879
Interest cost	430,490	531,480
Actuarial loss (gain)	(1,109,181)	(325,269)
Benefit payments, net of retiree contributions	(590,560)	(479,080)
Benefit obligation at end of year	16,796,849	17,925,409
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	14,116,253	13,082,610
Actual return on plan assets, net of taxes	1,956,649	1,112,723
Employer contributions	400,000	400,000
Benefit payments, net of retiree contributions	(590,560)	(479,080)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	15,882,342	14,116,253
Funded status	(914,507)	(3,809,156)
Noncurrent assets	0	0
Noncurrent liabilities	(914,507)	(3,809,156)
Net actuarial loss, net of tax	119,504	614,987
Total amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	119,504	614,987
Net actuarial loss	798,558	2,755,333
Amounts recognized as regulatory assets	$ 798,558	$ 2,755,333

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Note 9 - Employee Benefit Plans - Actuarial Assumptions (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Pension Plan [Member]
Discount rate	2.73%	2.47%
Expected rate of compensation increase	4.00%	4.00%
Discount rate	2.47%	3.03%
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets	5.40%	5.50%
Expected rate of compensation increase	4.00%	4.00%
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Discount rate	2.70%	2.44%
Discount rate	2.44%	3.00%
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets	4.25%	4.26%

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Note 9 - Employee Benefit Plans - Schedule of Components of Net Periodic Pension and Postretirement Benefit Cost (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Pension Plan [Member]
Service cost	$ 734,282	$ 691,602
Interest cost	975,139	1,062,227
Expected return on plan assets	(2,015,743)	(1,836,623)
Recognized loss	502,141	455,744
Net periodic benefit cost	195,819	372,950
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Service cost	140,691	167,879
Interest cost	430,490	531,480
Expected return on plan assets	(596,488)	(550,394)
Recognized loss	154,659	237,371
Net periodic benefit cost	$ 129,352	$ 386,336

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Note 9 - Employee Benefit Plans - Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Pre 65 [Member]
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year	6.50%	7.00%
Rate to which the cost trend is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)	5.50%	5.50%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate	2023	2023
Post 65 [Member]
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year	5.20%	5.20%
Rate to which the cost trend is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)	5.20%	5.20%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate	2021	2020

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Note 9 - Employee Benefit Plans - Effect of 1% Change on Health Care Trend Rate Assumptions (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Effect on total service and interest cost components, 1% increase	$ 111,000
Effect on total service and interest cost components, 1% decrease	(88,000)
Effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation, 1% increase	2,575,000
Effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation, 1% decrease	$ (2,106,000)

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Note 9 - Employee Benefit Plans - Allocation of Plans' Assets (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Pension Plan [Member]
Equity securities, target	30.00%
Asset	$ 38,914,107	$ 37,657,631	$ 33,586,671
Pension Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	1,789,881	1,665,698
Pension Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	37,124,226	35,991,933
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Asset	15,882,342	14,116,253	$ 13,082,610
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	15,867,787	14,095,104
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	14,555	21,149
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Asset	$ 0	$ 0
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Securities [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Equity securities, target	30.00%
Equity securities	30.00%	30.00%
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Securities [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Equity securities, target	50.00%
Equity securities	49.00%	51.00%
Defined Benefit Plan, Debt Security [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Equity securities, target	70.00%
Equity securities	69.00%	69.00%
Defined Benefit Plan, Debt Security [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Equity securities, target	50.00%
Equity securities	50.00%	48.00%
Defined Benefit Plan, Cash [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Equity securities, target	0.00%
Equity securities	1.00%	1.00%
Asset	$ 429,764	$ 339,287
Defined Benefit Plan, Cash [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	$ 429,764	$ 339,287
Defined Benefit Plan, Cash [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Equity securities, target	0.00%
Equity securities	1.00%	1.00%
Asset	$ 157,957	$ 73,908
Defined Benefit Plan, Cash [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	157,957	73,908
Defined Benefit Plan, Cash [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Cash [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Common Collective Trust And Pooled Fund Bonds, Liability Driven Investment [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Asset	26,898,651	26,038,966
Defined Benefit Plan, Common Collective Trust And Pooled Fund Bonds, Liability Driven Investment [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	26,898,651	26,038,966
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Fund Bonds, Domestic Fixed Income [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Asset	7,109,967	6,163,808
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Fund Bonds, Domestic Fixed Income [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	7,109,967	6,163,808
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Fund Bonds, Domestic Fixed Income [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Fund Bonds, Domestic Fixed Income [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Asset	$ 0	$ 0
Other Assets 1 [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Equity securities, target	0.00%
Equity securities	0.00%	0.00%
Other Assets 1 [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Equity securities, target	0.00%
Equity securities	0.00%	0.00%
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Large Cap Growth [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Asset	$ 3,430,962	$ 3,462,841
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Large Cap Growth [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	3,430,962	3,462,841
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Large Cap Growth [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Asset	2,346,401	2,197,839
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Large Cap Growth [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	2,346,401	2,197,839
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Large Cap Growth [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Large Cap Growth [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Fund Bonds, Foreign Fixed Income [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Asset	757,422	638,709
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Fund Bonds, Foreign Fixed Income [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	757,422	638,709
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Fund Bonds, Foreign Fixed Income [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Fund Bonds, Foreign Fixed Income [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Large Cap Value [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Asset	3,480,915	3,351,694
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Large Cap Value [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	3,480,915	3,351,694
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Large Cap Value [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Asset	2,361,583	2,119,433
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Large Cap Value [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	2,361,583	2,119,433
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Large Cap Value [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Large Cap Value [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Asset	1,752,186	1,665,005
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	1,752,186	1,665,005
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Asset	557,739	552,607
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	557,739	552,607
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Small/Mid Cap Core [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Foreign Large Cap Value [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Asset	1,561,512	1,473,427
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Foreign Large Cap Value [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset		279,137
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Foreign Large Cap Value [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	1,561,512	1,473,427
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Foreign Large Cap Value [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Asset	1,352,329	1,224,420
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Foreign Large Cap Value [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	1,352,329	1,224,420
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Foreign Large Cap Value [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Foreign Large Cap Value [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Small/Mid Cap Growth [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Asset	295,628	262,726
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Small/Mid Cap Growth [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	295,628	262,726
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Small/Mid Cap Growth [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Small/Mid Cap Growth [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Mutual Funds, Foreign Large Cap Growth [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Asset	1,071,719
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Mutual Funds, Foreign Large Cap Growth [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	1,071,719
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Funds, Foreign Large Cap Growth [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Asset		1,047,274
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Funds, Foreign Large Cap Growth [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset		1,047,274
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Funds, Foreign Large Cap Growth [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Asset	594,573	548,967
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Funds, Foreign Large Cap Growth [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	594,573	548,967
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Funds, Foreign Large Cap Growth [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Funds, Foreign Large Cap Growth [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Small/Mid Cap Value [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Asset	248,317	235,216
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Small/Mid Cap Value [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	248,317	235,216
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Small/Mid Cap Value [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Domestic Small/Mid Cap Value [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Equity Funds, Foreign Large Cap Value [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Asset	288,398	279,137
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Equity Funds, Foreign Large Cap Value [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	288,398
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Foreign Large Cap Core [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Asset	85,871	77,471
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Foreign Large Cap Core [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	85,871	77,471
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Foreign Large Cap Core [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Funds, Foreign Large Cap Core [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Fund, Other [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Asset	14,555	21,149
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Fund, Other [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Asset	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Fund, Other [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Asset	14,555	21,149
Defined Benefit Plan, Mutual Fund, Other [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Asset	$ 0	$ 0

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Note 9 - Employee Benefit Plans - Expected Future Benefit Payments (Details)	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Pension Plan [Member]
2022	$ 1,095,464
2023	1,154,843
2024	1,221,199
2025	1,371,276
2026	1,487,113
2027 - 2031	8,715,094
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
2022	730,324
2023	740,565
2024	717,641
2025	721,176
2026	717,684
2027 - 2031	$ 3,697,782

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Note 9 - Employee Benefit Plans - Changes in Benefit Plan Liabilities (Details) - NQDC Plan [Member] - Defined Benefit Plan, Unfunded Plan [Member] - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Beginning deferred compensation balance	$ 0	$ 0
Employer contributions	48,100	0
Participant contributions	0	0
Earnings	2,297	0
Distributions	(15,053)	0
Ending deferred compensation balance	$ 35,344	$ 0

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Note 9 - Employee Benefit Plans - Schedule of Employer Contributions (Details) - The 401K Plan [Member] - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Matching contribution	$ 383,340	$ 364,773
Employer contributions	$ 43,093	$ 18,313

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Note 10 - Common Stock Options (Details Textual)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021 shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant (in shares)	20,000
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period (Month)	6 months
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Expiration Period (Year)	10 years

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Note 10 - Common Stock Options - Share-based Payment Arrangement (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Expected volatility	32.05%	31.53%
Expected dividends	2.75%	2.74%
Expected exercise term (years) (Year)	7 years	7 years
Risk-free interest rate	1.24%	0.51%

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Note 10 - Common Stock Options - Schedule of Stock Option Transactions (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Options outstanding (in shares)	51,500	68,492
Options outstanding (in dollars per share)	$ 18.34	$ 14.91
Options outstanding (Year)	6 years	6 years 4 months 24 days	6 years 2 months 12 days
Options outstanding	$ 213,898	$ 320,797	$ 981,170
Options granted (in shares)	3,000	13,000
Options granted (in dollars per share)	$ 22.93	$ 27.87
Options exercised (in shares)	(9,250)	(29,992)
Options exercised (in dollars per share)	$ 14.90	$ 14.65
Options outstanding (in shares)	45,250	51,500	68,492
Options outstanding (in dollars per share)	$ 19.34	$ 18.34	$ 14.91
Vested and exercisable (in shares)	45,250
Vested and exercisable (in dollars per share)	$ 19.34
Vested and exercisable (Year)	6 years
Vested and exercisable	$ 213,898
Weighted-average grant date option fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 5.55	$ 6.26
Stock option expense	$ 11,100	$ 81,380
Intrinsic value of options exercised	70,297	411,638
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	$ 137,802	$ 439,509

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Note 11 - Other Stock Plans (Details Textual) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Maximum Amount Allowed For Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan	$ 100,000		$ 100,000
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Dividend Reinvestment Plan (in shares)	29,604	28,191
Stock Available for Issuance under Dividend Reinvestment Plan (in shares)	332,719		332,719
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant (in shares)	20,000		20,000
Stock Bonus Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant (in shares)	4,785		4,785
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Shares Issued in Period (in shares)			0	0
Restricted Stock [Member] | Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors [Member]
Share Based Compensation by Share Based Payment Award, Maximum Allowed Percentage of Retainer Fee Paid Monthly in Common Stock	100.00%		100.00%
Share Based Compensation by Share Based Payment Award, Percentage of Retainer Fee Paid Monthly in Common Stock	40.00%		40.00%
Share Based Compensation by Share Based Payment Award, Minimum Shares Owned Requirement (in shares)	10,000		10,000
Shares Issued, Value, Share-based Payment Arrangement, after Forfeiture, Total			$ 269,200	$ 241,617
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Forfeited in Period (in shares)			(0)	(0)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant (in shares)	35,937		35,937
Restricted Stock [Member] | RGC Resources Inc. Restricted Stock Plan [Member]
Shares Issued, Value, Share-based Payment Arrangement, after Forfeiture, Total			$ 366,869	$ 450,677
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Forfeited in Period (in shares)			(0)	(0)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant (in shares)	396,357		396,357

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Note 11 - Other Stock Plans - Director Compensation Activity (Details) - Restricted Stock [Member] - Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors [Member] - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Beginning of year balance (in shares)	99,070	104,680
Beginning of year balance (in dollars per share)	$ 14.06	$ 12.51
Granted (in shares)	11,374	9,193
Granted (in dollars per share)	$ 23.67	$ 26.28
Vested (in shares)	0	(14,803)
Vested (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 10.68
Forfeited (in shares)	0	0
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0
End of year balance (in shares)	110,444	99,070
End of year balance (in dollars per share)	$ 15.05	$ 14.06

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Note 11 - Other Stock Plans - Officer Compensation Activity (Details) - Restricted Stock [Member] - RGC Resources Inc. Restricted Stock Plan [Member] - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Beginning of year balance (in shares)	6,815	10,185
Beginning of year balance (in dollars per share)	$ 28.55	$ 28.65
Granted (in shares)	16,656	14,951
Granted (in dollars per share)	$ 24.21	$ 28.17
Vested (in shares)	(11,635)	(18,321)
Vested (in dollars per share)	$ 25.77	$ 28.30
Forfeited (in shares)	0	0
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0
End of year balance (in shares)	11,836	6,815
End of year balance (in dollars per share)	$ 25.17	$ 28.55

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Note 12 - Commitments and Contingencies (Details Textual)	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Oct. 01, 2021 $ / item
Asset Management Contract Term (Year)	1 year
Purchase Commitment Minimum Volume Required		$ 2,100,000
Franchise Agreement Term (Year)		20 years
Franchise Fee Annual Increase		3.00%
Franchise Fee Total Cost Through End of Agreement		$ 2,180,752
Natural Gas Pipeline And Storage Capacity [Member]
Cost of Goods and Services Sold, Total		$ 33,894,000	$ 21,881,000
Minimum [Member]
Purchase Commitment Purchase Price Per Energy Volume (in USD per Per Share) | $ / item				2.82
Maximum [Member]
Purchase Commitment Purchase Price Per Energy Volume (in USD per Per Share) | $ / item				3.34

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Note 12 - Commitment and Contingencies - Schedule of Volumetric Obligations (Details)	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($) Boe
2021-2022 (Barrel of Oil Equivalent) | Boe	2,320,859
2022-2023 (Barrel of Oil Equivalent) | Boe	295,866
Total (Barrel of Oil Equivalent) | Boe	2,616,725
2021 - 2022	$ 15,432,720
2022 - 2023	13,671,397
2023 - 2024	11,789,154
2024 - 2025	7,206,347
2025 - 2026	2,249,852
Thereafter	1,813,618
Total	$ 52,163,088

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Note 13 - Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis (Details) - Fair Value, Recurring [Member] - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Natural gas purchases	$ 2,728,935	$ 470,755
Total	3,925,018	2,694,311
Interest Rate Swap [Member]
Interest rate swaps	1,196,083	2,223,556
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Natural gas purchases	0	0
Interest rate swaps		0
Total	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Interest Rate Swap [Member]
Interest rate swaps	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Natural gas purchases	2,728,935	470,755
Total	3,925,018	2,694,311
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Interest Rate Swap [Member]
Interest rate swaps	1,196,083	2,223,556
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Natural gas purchases	0	0
Total	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Interest Rate Swap [Member]
Interest rate swaps	$ 0	$ 0

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Note 13 - Fair Value Measurements - Summary of the Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities Not Adjusted to Fair Value (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Current maturities of long-term debt	$ 7,000,000	$ 0
Reported Value Measurement [Member]
Current maturities of long-term debt	7,000,000
Notes payable	116,110,200	114,975,200
Total	123,110,200	114,975,200
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Current maturities of long-term debt	0
Notes payable	0	0
Total	0	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Current maturities of long-term debt	0
Notes payable	0	0
Total	0	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Current maturities of long-term debt	7,000,000
Notes payable	124,691,896	124,740,970
Total	$ 131,691,896	$ 124,740,970

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Note 14 - Quarterly Financial Information - Schedule of Quarterly Financial Data (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Operating revenues	$ 13,355,254	$ 14,048,846	$ 28,253,662	$ 19,517,017	$ 9,780,289	$ 11,071,918	$ 22,437,731	$ 19,785,453	$ 75,174,779	$ 63,075,391
Operating income	555,163	1,542,333	7,099,426	5,581,387	(899,076)	1,335,663	6,999,616	5,081,979	14,778,309	12,518,182
Net income	$ 481	$ 610,840	$ 4,767,478	$ 4,723,263	$ (329,296)	$ 1,206,578	$ 5,680,316	$ 4,006,936	$ 10,102,062	$ 10,564,534
Earnings (loss) per share of common stock:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0.07	$ 0.58	$ 0.58	$ (0.04)	$ 0.15	$ 0.70	$ 0.50	$ 1.22	$ 1.30
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0.07	$ 0.58	$ 0.58	$ (0.04)	$ 0.15	$ 0.70	$ 0.49	$ 1.22	$ 1.30
Operating revenues	$ 13,355,254	$ 14,048,846	$ 28,253,662	$ 19,517,017	$ 9,780,289	$ 11,071,918	$ 22,437,731	$ 19,785,453	$ 75,174,779	$ 63,075,391
Operating income	555,163	1,542,333	7,099,426	5,581,387	(899,076)	1,335,663	6,999,616	5,081,979	14,778,309	12,518,182
Net income	$ 481	$ 610,840	$ 4,767,478	$ 4,723,263	$ (329,296)	$ 1,206,578	$ 5,680,316	$ 4,006,936	$ 10,102,062	$ 10,564,534

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Note 15 - Subsequent Events (Details Textual) - USD ($)	Oct. 29, 2021	Oct. 28, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021
Debt Instruments, Overall Maximum Borrowing Capacity			$ 41,000,000
Roanoke Gas Company [Member]
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss, Ending Balance			$ 242,000
Subsequent Event [Member]
American Rescue Plan (ARPA) Act Funds Receivable		$ 858,556
Debt Instruments, Overall Maximum Borrowing Capacity	$ 33,000,000
Subsequent Event [Member] | Roanoke Gas Company [Member]
American Rescue Plan (ARPA) Act Funds Receivable		$ 858,556
Subsequent Event [Member] | RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 8,000,000.0
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate	2.443%
Subsequent Event [Member] | RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	1.15%