A summary of the net changes in after-tax accumulated other comprehensive income attributable to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders and amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income for each of the three years ending December 31, 2018 follows (in millions).


	Unrealized appreciation of investments, net		Foreign currency translation		Prior service and actuarial gains/losses of defined benefit pension plans			Other			Accumulated other comprehensive income
Balance December 31, 2015	$	38,598	$	(3,856)	$	(762	)	$	2		$	33,982
Other comprehensive income, net before reclassifications		9,011		(1,412)		94			(48	)		7,645
Reclassifications into net earnings:
Earnings before income taxes		(6,820)		—		104			51			(6,665)
Applicable income taxes		2,387		—		(29	)		(22	)		2,336

Balance December 31, 2016		43,176		(5,268)		(593	)		(17	)		37,298
Other comprehensive income, net before reclassifications		19,826		2,151		65			16			22,058
Reclassifications into net earnings:
Reclassifications before income taxes		(1,399)		3		155			19			(1,222)
Applicable income taxes		490		—		(47	)		(6	)		437

Balance December 31, 2017		62,093		(3,114)		(420	)		12			58,571
Reclassifications to retained earnings upon adoption of new accounting standards		(61,340)		(65)		36			(6	)		(61,375)
Other comprehensive income, net before reclassifications		(183)		(1,424)		(513	)		25			(2,095)
Reclassifications into net earnings:
Reclassifications before income taxes		(253)		—		116			5			(132)
Applicable income taxes		53		—		(35	)		(2	)		16

Balance December 31, 2018	$	370	$	(4,603)	$	(816	)	$	34		$	(5,015)