EX-99.11 OPIN COUNSL 12 ex99w11.htm IFRS INR EARNINGS RELEASE

Exhibit 99.11

IFRS INR Earnings Release

 

 

Independent Auditors’ Report

 

To the Board of Directors of Infosys Limited

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Infosys Limited (“the Company”) and subsidiaries, which comprise the consolidated balance sheet as at September 30, 2014, the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the three months and six months then ended, consolidated statements of changes in equity and cash flows for the six months then ended, and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information.

 

Management’s Responsibility for the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Management is responsible for the preparation of these consolidated financial statements that give a true and fair view of the consolidated financial position, consolidated financial performance and consolidated cash flows of the Company in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by International Accounting Standards Board (“IFRS”). This responsibility includes the design, implementation and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and presentation of the consolidated financial statements that give a true and fair view and are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

 

Auditor’s Responsibility

 

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the Standards on Auditing issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. Those Standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free from material misstatement.

 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the Company’s preparation and presentation of the consolidated financial statements that give a true and fair view in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of the accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements.

 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

 

Opinion

 

In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, the consolidated financial statements give a true and fair view in conformity with IFRS:

(a)in the case of the consolidated balance sheet, of the consolidated financial position of the Company as at September 30, 2014;
(b)in the case of the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, of the consolidated financial performance for the three months and six months ended on that date;
(c)in the case of the consolidated statement of changes in equity, of the consolidated changes in equity for the six months ended on that date; and
(d)in the case of the consolidated statement of cash flows, of the consolidated cash flows for the six months ended on that date.

 

for B S R & Co. LLP

Chartered Accountants

Firm’s Registration Number: 101248W/W-100022

 

 

 

 

Akhil Bansal

Partner

Membership Number: 090906

 

Bangalore

October 10, 2014

 

 

 

Infosys Limited and subsidiaries

(In crore except share data)

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of Note September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
ASSETS      
Current assets      
Cash and cash equivalents 2.1 28,432 25,950
Available-for-sale financial assets 2.2 3,771 2,197
Investment in certificates of deposit    103 859
Trade receivables    9,040 8,351
Unbilled revenue    2,948 2,811
Prepayments and other current assets 2.4  2,761 2,636
Derivative financial instruments 2.7  45 215
Total current assets    47,100 43,019
Non-current assets      
Property, plant and equipment 2.5  8,398 7,887
Goodwill 2.6  2,097 2,157
Intangible assets 2.6  301 342
Available-for-sale financial assets 2.2  1,316 1,252
Deferred income tax assets 2.16 666 656
Income tax assets 2.16  1,530 1,522
Other non-current assets 2.4  272 220
Total non-current assets    14,580 14,036
Total assets    61,680 57,055
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY      
Current liabilities      
Trade payables    135 173
Derivative financial instruments 2.7  25
Current income tax liabilities 2.16  2,679 2,187
Client deposits    25 40
Unearned revenue    840 660
Employee benefit obligations    1,017 954
Provisions 2.8  409 379
Other current liabilities 2.9  5,521 4,745
Total current liabilities    10,651 9,138
Non-current liabilities      
Deferred income tax liabilities 2.16  56 64
Other non-current liabilities 2.9  391 323
Total liabilities    11,098 9,525
Equity      
Share capital- 5 par value 60,00,00,000 equity shares authorized, issued and outstanding 57,14,02,566 each, net of 28,33,600 treasury shares each, as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, respectively   286 286
Share premium   3,091 3,090
Retained earnings   46,689 43,584
Other components of equity   516 570
Total equity attributable to equity holders of the Company   50,582 47,530
Non-controlling interests  
Total equity   50,582 47,530
Total liabilities and equity   61,680 57,055

 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the consolidated interim financial statements

As per our report of even date attached

for B S R & Co. LLP for Infosys Limited

Chartered Accountants

Firm's Registration Number:101248W/W-100022

 

Akhil Bansal Narayana Murthy S. Gopalakrishnan Dr. Vishal Sikka U.B.Pravin Rao

Partner

Membership No. 090906

Non-Executive

Chairman

Non-Executive

Vice-Chairman

Chief Executive Officer and

Managing Director

Director and

Chief Operating Officer

  K.V. Kamath R.Seshasayee Ravi Venkatesan Prof. Jeffrey S. Lehman
  Director Director Director Director
  Dr. Omkar Goswami Kiran Mazumdar- Shaw Rajiv Bansal Parvatheesam K

Bangalore

October 10, 2014

Director Director Chief Financial Officer Chief Risk & Compliance Officer and Company Secretary

 

Infosys Limited and subsidiaries

(In crore except share and per equity share data)

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income Note Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Revenues    13,342 12,965  26,112 24,232
Cost of sales 2.10  8,201 8,384  16,247 15,703
Gross profit    5,141 4,581  9,865 8,529
Operating expenses:          
Selling and marketing expenses 2.10  769 757  1,435 1,341
Administrative expenses 2.10  889 987  1,736 1,687
Total operating expenses    1,658 1,744  3,171 3,028
Operating profit    3,483 2,837  6,694 5,501
Other income, net 2.13  877 510  1,706 1,087
Profit before income taxes    4,360 3,347  8,400 6,588
Income tax expense 2.16  1,264 940  2,418 1,807
Net profit    3,096 2,407  5,982 4,781
Other comprehensive income          
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss          
Remeasurement of the net defined benefit liability/(asset)   (3) 30 (23) 38
    (3) 30 (23) 38
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss          
Fair value changes on available-for-sale financial asset 2.2 & 2.16 28 (19) 45 (21)
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations   (76) 206 (76) 395
    (48) 187 (31) 374
Total other comprehensive income, net of tax   (51) 217 (54) 412
Total comprehensive income    3,045 2,624 5,928 5,193
Profit attributable to:          
Owners of the company    3,096 2,407  5,982 4,781
Non-controlling interests    –
     3,096 2,407  5,982 4,781
Total comprehensive income attributable to:          
Owners of the company    3,045 2,624 5,928 5,193
Non-controlling interests    –  –
     3,045 2,624 5,928 5,193
Earnings per equity share          
Basic ()   54.19 42.12 104.70 83.66
Diluted ()   54.19 42.12 104.70 83.66
Weighted average equity shares used in computing earnings per equity share 2.17        
Basic   57,14,02,566 57,14,02,566 57,14,02,566 57,14,02,566
Diluted   57,14,04,028 57,14,02,566 57,14,03,297 57,14,02,566

 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the consolidated interim financial statements

As per our report of even date attached

for B S R & Co. LLP for Infosys Limited

Chartered Accountants

Firm's Registration Number:101248W/W-100022

 

Akhil Bansal Narayana Murthy S. Gopalakrishnan Dr. Vishal Sikka U.B.Pravin Rao

Partner

Membership No. 090906

Non-Executive

Chairman

Non-Executive

Vice-Chairman

Chief Executive Officer and

Managing Director

Director and

Chief Operating Officer

  K.V. Kamath R.Seshasayee Ravi Venkatesan Prof. Jeffrey S. Lehman
  Director Director Director Director
  Dr. Omkar Goswami Kiran Mazumdar- Shaw Rajiv Bansal Parvatheesam K

Bangalore

October 10, 2014

Director Director Chief Financial Officer Chief Risk & Compliance Officer and Company Secretary

 

Infosys Limited and subsidiaries

 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

(In crore except share data)

  Shares(*) Share capital Share premium Retained earnings Other components of equity Total equity attributable to equity holders of the Company
Balance as of April 1, 2013 57,14,02,566  286  3,090  36,114  307 39,797
Changes in equity for the six months ended
September 30, 2013
           
Remeasurement of the net defined benefit liability/(asset), net of tax effect (refer note 2.11)  38 38
Change in accounting policy - Adoption of Revised IAS 19 (refer note 2.11)  –  –  –  (35)  50 15
Dividends (including corporate dividend tax)  –  –  –  (1,806)  – (1,806)
Fair value changes on available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax effect (refer note 2.2 and note 2.16)  –  –  –  –  (21) (21)
Net profit  4,781  – 4,781
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations  –  –  –  –  395 395
Balance as of September 30, 2013 57,14,02,566  286  3,090  39,054  769 43,199
Balance as of April 1, 2014 57,14,02,566  286  3,090  43,584  570 47,530
Changes in equity for the six months ended September 30, 2014            
Shares issued on exercise of employee stock options  –  – 1  –  – 1
Remeasurement of the net defined benefit liability/(asset), net of tax effect (refer note 2.11)  –  –  –  –  (23) (23)
Dividends (including corporate dividend tax)  –  –  –  (2,877)  – (2,877)
Fair value changes on available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax effect (refer note 2.2 and note 2.16)  –  –  –  – 45 45
Net profit  –  –  –  5,982  – 5,982
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations  –  –  –  –  (76) (76)
Balance as of September 30, 2014 57,14,02,566  286  3,091  46,689  516 50,582

 

* excludes treasury shares of 28,33,600 held by consolidated trust.

 

 The accompanying notes form an integral part of the consolidated interim financial statements.

 

As per our report of even date attached

for B S R & Co. LLP for Infosys Limited

Chartered Accountants

Firm's Registration Number:101248W/W-100022

 

Akhil Bansal Narayana Murthy S. Gopalakrishnan Dr. Vishal Sikka U.B.Pravin Rao

Partner

Membership No. 090906

Non-Executive

Chairman

Non-Executive

Vice-Chairman

Chief Executive Officer and

Managing Director

Director and

Chief Operating Officer

  K.V. Kamath R.Seshasayee Ravi Venkatesan Prof. Jeffrey S. Lehman
  Director Director Director Director
  Dr. Omkar Goswami Kiran Mazumdar- Shaw Rajiv Bansal Parvatheesam K

Bangalore

October 10, 2014

Director Director Chief Financial Officer Chief Risk & Compliance Officer and Company Secretary

 

Infosys Limited and subsidiaries

(In crore)

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Note Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013
Operating activities:      
Net profit   5,982 4,781
Adjustments to reconcile net profit to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization 2.5 and 2.6  521 652
Income tax expense 2.16  2,418 1,807
Income on available-for-sale financial assets and certificates of deposits    (179) (114)
Effect of exchange rate changes on assets and liabilities    15 69
Deferred purchase price    116 84
Provision for doubtful account receivables    169 71
Other non-cash item   29 (24)
Changes in working capital      
Trade receivables    (858) (1,331)
Prepayments and other assets   13 (95)
Unbilled revenue    (137) (716)
Trade payables    (20) (27)
Client deposits    (15) (15)
Unearned revenue   180 19
Other liabilities and provisions   786 2,301
Cash generated from operations   9,020 7,462
Income taxes paid 2.16  (1,967) (1,667)
Net cash provided by operating activities   7,053 5,795
Investing activities:      
Expenditure on property, plant and equipment net of sale proceeds, including changes in retention money and capital trade payables 2.5 and 2.9  (1,013) (1,192)
Loans to employees    (32) (26)
Deposits placed with corporation   6 (6)
Income on available-for-sale financial assets and certificates of deposits   178 83
Investment in quoted debt securities 2.2  (1) (643)
Investment in certificates of deposit   (519)
Redemption of certificates of deposit    733
Investment in liquid mutual fund units    (12,039) (10,931)
Redemption of liquid mutual fund units   10,487 9,895
Investment in fixed maturity plan securities    (30) (30)
Redemption of fixed maturity plan securities   30
Net cash used in investing activities    (1,681) (3,369)
Financing activities:      
Payment of dividends (including corporate dividend tax)    (2,877) (1,806)
Net cash used in financing activities    (2,877) (1,806)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents    (13) 91
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   2,495 620
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning 2.1 25,950 21,832
Cash and cash equivalents at the end 2.1 28,432 22,543
Supplementary information:      
Restricted cash balance 2.1 351 314

 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the consolidated interim financial statements

 As per our report of even date attached

for B S R & Co. LLP for Infosys Limited

Chartered Accountants

Firm’s Registration No : 101248W/W-100022

 

Akhil Bansal Narayana Murthy S. Gopalakrishnan Dr. Vishal Sikka U.B.Pravin Rao

Partner

Membership No. 090906

Non-Executive

Chairman

Non-Executive

Vice-Chairman

Chief Executive Officer and

Managing Director

Director and

Chief Operating Officer

  K.V. Kamath R.Seshasayee Ravi Venkatesan Prof. Jeffrey S. Lehman
  Director Director Director Director
  Dr. Omkar Goswami Kiran Mazumdar- Shaw Rajiv Bansal Parvatheesam K

Bangalore

October 10, 2014

Director Director Chief Financial Officer Chief Risk & Compliance Officer and Company Secretary

 

Notes to the Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

 

1. Company Overview and Significant Accounting Policies

 

1.1 Company overview

 

Infosys Limited (Infosys or the company) along with its controlled trusts, Infosys Limited Employees‘ Welfare Trust and Infosys Science Foundation, majority owned and controlled subsidiary, Infosys BPO Limited and its wholly owned and controlled subsidiaries (Infosys BPO), and its wholly owned and controlled subsidiaries Infosys Technologies (Australia) Pty. Limited (Infosys Australia), Infosys Technologies (China) Co. Limited (Infosys China), Infosys Technologies S. DE R.L. de C.V. (Infosys Mexico), Infosys Technologies (Sweden) AB (Infosys Sweden), Infosys Tecnologia do Brasil Ltda (Infosys Brasil), Infosys Public Services, Inc., (Infosys Public Services), Infosys Americas Inc., (Infosys Americas), Edgeverve Systems Limited (Edgeverve), Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Company Limited (Infosys Shanghai) and Lodestone Holding AG and its controlled subsidiaries (Infosys Lodestone) is a leading global services company. The Infosys group of companies (the Group) provides business consulting, technology, engineering and outsourcing services. In addition, the Group offers software products and platforms.

 

The company is a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in India and has its registered office at Bangalore, Karnataka, India. The company has its primary listings on the Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange in India. The company’s American Depositary Shares representing equity shares are also listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), NYSE Euronext London and NYSE Euronext Paris.

 

The Group’s consolidated interim financial statements are authorized for issue by the company’s Board of Directors on October 10, 2014.

 

1.2 Basis of preparation of financial statements

 

These consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IFRS), under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis except for certain financial instruments and prepaid gratuity benefits which have been measured at fair values. Accounting policies have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these consolidated interim financial statements.

 

1.3 Basis of consolidation

 

Infosys consolidates entities which it owns or controls. Control exists when the parent has power over the entity, is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns by using its power over the entity. Power is demonstrated through existing rights that give the ability to direct relevant activities, those which significantly affect the entity's returns. Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date control commences until the date control ceases.

 

The financial statements of the Group companies are consolidated on a line-by-line basis and intra-group balances and transactions including unrealized gain / loss from such transactions are eliminated upon consolidation. These financial statements are prepared by applying uniform accounting policies in use at the Group. Non-controlling interests which represent part of the net profit or loss and net assets of subsidiaries that are not, directly or indirectly, owned or controlled by the company, are excluded.

 

1.4 Use of estimates

 

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions. These estimates, judgments and assumptions affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Application of accounting policies that require critical accounting estimates involving complex and subjective judgments and the use of assumptions in these financial statements have been disclosed in Note 1.5. Accounting estimates could change from period to period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Appropriate changes in estimates are made as management becomes aware of changes in circumstances surrounding the estimates. Changes in estimates are reflected in the financial statements in the period in which changes are made and, if material, their effects are disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

1.5 Critical accounting estimates

 

a. Revenue recognition

 

The group uses the percentage-of-completion method in accounting for its fixed-price contracts. Use of the percentage-of-completion method requires the group to estimate the efforts or costs expended to date as a proportion of the total efforts or costs to be expended. Efforts or costs expended have been used to measure progress towards completion as there is a direct relationship between input and productivity. Provisions for estimated losses, if any, on uncompleted contracts are recorded in the period in which such losses become probable based on the expected contract estimates at the reporting date.

 

b. Income taxes

 

The company's two major tax jurisdictions are India and the U.S., though the company also files tax returns in other overseas jurisdictions. Significant judgments are involved in determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid/recovered for uncertain tax positions. Also refer to Note 2.16.

 

c. Business combinations and intangible assets

 

Business combinations are accounted for using IFRS 3 (Revised), Business Combinations. IFRS 3 requires the identifiable intangible assets and contingent consideration to be fair valued in order to ascertain the net fair value of identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of the acquiree. Significant estimates are required to be made in determining the value of contingent consideration and intangible assets. These valuations are conducted by independent valuation experts.

 

d. Property, plant and equipment

 

Property, plant and equipment represent a significant proportion of the asset base of the Group. The charge in respect of periodic depreciation is derived after determining an estimate of an asset’s expected useful life and the expected residual value at the end of its life. The useful lives and residual values of Group's assets are determined by management at the time the asset is acquired and reviewed periodically, including at each financial year end. The lives are based on historical experience with similar assets as well as anticipation of future events, which may impact their life, such as changes in technology.

 

1.6 Revenue recognition

 

The company derives revenues primarily from software related services and from the licensing of software products. Arrangements with customers for software related services are either on a fixed-price, fixed-timeframe or on a time-and-material basis.

 

Revenue on time-and-material contracts are recognized as the related services are performed and revenue from the end of the last billing to the balance sheet date is recognized as unbilled revenues. Revenue from fixed-price, fixed-timeframe contracts, where there is no uncertainty as to measurement or collectability of consideration, is recognized as per the percentage-of-completion method. When there is uncertainty as to measurement or ultimate collectability, revenue recognition is postponed until such uncertainty is resolved. Efforts or costs expended have been used to measure progress towards completion as there is a direct relationship between input and productivity. Provisions for estimated losses, if any, on uncompleted contracts are recorded in the period in which such losses become probable based on the current contract estimates. Costs and earnings in excess of billings are classified as unbilled revenue while billings in excess of costs and earnings are classified as unearned revenue. Maintenance revenue is recognised ratably over the term of the underlying maintenance arrangement.

 

In arrangements for software development and related services and maintenance services, the company has applied the guidance in IAS 18, Revenue, by applying the revenue recognition criteria for each separately identifiable component of a single transaction. The arrangements generally meet the criteria for considering software development and related services as separately identifiable components. For allocating the consideration, the company has measured the revenue in respect of each separable component of a transaction at its fair value, in accordance with principles given in IAS 18. The price that is regularly charged for an item when sold separately is the best evidence of its fair value. In cases where the company is unable to establish objective and reliable evidence of fair value for the software development and related services, the company has used a residual method to allocate the arrangement consideration. In these cases the balance of the consideration, after allocating the fair values of undelivered components of a transaction has been allocated to the delivered components for which specific fair values do not exist.

 

License fee revenues are recognized when the general revenue recognition criteria given in IAS 18 are met. Arrangements to deliver software products generally have three elements: license, implementation and Annual Technical Services (ATS). The company has applied the principles given in IAS 18 to account for revenues from these multiple element arrangements. Objective and reliable evidence of fair value has been established for ATS. Objective and reliable evidence of fair value is the price charged when the element is sold separately. When other services are provided in conjunction with the licensing arrangement and objective and reliable evidence of their fair values have been established, the revenue from such contracts are allocated to each component of the contract in a manner, whereby revenue is deferred for the undelivered services and the residual amounts are recognized as revenue for delivered elements. In the absence of objective and reliable evidence of fair value for implementation, the entire arrangement fee for license and implementation is recognized using the percentage-of-completion method as the implementation is performed. Revenue from client training, support and other services arising due to the sale of software products is recognized as the services are performed. ATS revenue is recognised ratably over the period in which the services are rendered.

 

Advances received for services and products are reported as client deposits until all conditions for revenue recognition are met.

 

The company accounts for volume discounts and pricing incentives to customers as a reduction of revenue based on the ratable allocation of the discounts/ incentives amount to each of the underlying revenue transaction that results in progress by the customer towards earning the discount/ incentive. Also, when the level of discount varies with increases in levels of revenue transactions, the company recognizes the liability based on its estimate of the customer's future purchases. If it is probable that the criteria for the discount will not be met, or if the amount thereof cannot be estimated reliably, then discount is not recognized until the payment is probable and the amount can be estimated reliably. The company recognizes changes in the estimated amount of obligations for discounts in the period in which the change occurs. The discounts are passed on to the customer either as direct payments or as a reduction of payments due from the customer.

 

The company presents revenues net of value-added taxes in its statement of comprehensive income.

 

1.7 Property, plant and equipment

 

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. Costs directly attributable to acquisition are capitalized until the property, plant and equipment are ready for use, as intended by management. The group depreciates property, plant and equipment over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method. The estimated useful lives of assets are as follows:

 

Buildings 22-25 years
Plant and machinery 5 years
Computer equipment 3-5 years
Furniture and fixtures 5 years
Vehicles 5 years

 

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed periodically, including at each financial year end. (Refer note 2.5)

 

Advances paid towards the acquisition of property, plant and equipment outstanding at each balance sheet date and the cost of assets not put to use before such date are disclosed under ‘Capital work-in-progress’. Subsequent expenditures relating to property, plant and equipment is capitalized only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with these will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. Repairs and maintenance costs are recognized in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income when incurred. The cost and related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the financial statements upon sale or retirement of the asset and the resultant gains or losses are recognized in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income. Assets to be disposed off are reported at the lower of the carrying value or the fair value less cost to sell.

 

1.8 Business combinations

 

Business combinations have been accounted for using the acquisition method under the provisions of IFRS 3 (Revised), Business Combinations.

 

The cost of an acquisition is measured at the fair value of the assets transferred, equity instruments issued and liabilities incurred or assumed at the date of acquisition, which is the date on which control is transferred to the Group. The cost of acquisition also includes the fair value of any contingent consideration. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair value on the date of acquisition.

 

Business combinations between entities under common control by formation of a new company is outside the scope of IFRS 3 (Revised), Business Combinations and is accounted for at carrying value.

 

Transaction costs that the Group incurs in connection with a business combination such as finders’ fees, legal fees, due diligence fees, and other professional and consulting fees are expensed as incurred.

 

1.9 Goodwill

 

Goodwill represents the cost of business acquisition in excess of the Group's interest in the net fair value of identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of the acquiree. When the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities acquired exceeds the cost of business acquisition, a gain is recognized immediately in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income. Goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses.

 

1.10 Intangible assets

 

Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment. Intangible assets are amortized over their respective individual estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis, from the date that they are available for use. The estimated useful life of an identifiable intangible asset is based on a number of factors including the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition, and other economic factors (such as the stability of the industry, and known technological advances), and the level of maintenance expenditures required to obtain the expected future cash flows from the asset. Amortization methods and useful lives are reviewed at each financial year end.

 

Research costs are expensed as incurred. Software product development costs are expensed as incurred unless technical and commercial feasibility of the project is demonstrated, future economic benefits are probable, the company has an intention and ability to complete and use or sell the software and the costs can be measured reliably. The costs which can be capitalized include the cost of material, direct labour, overhead costs that are directly attributable to preparing the asset for its intended use. Research and development costs and software development costs incurred under contractual arrangements with customers are accounted as cost of sales.

 

1.11 Financial instruments

 

Financial instruments of the Group are classified in the following categories: non-derivative financial instruments comprising of loans and receivables, available-for-sale financial assets and trade and other payables; derivative financial instruments under the category of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss; share capital and treasury shares. The classification of financial instruments depends on the purpose for which those were acquired. Management determines the classification of its financial instruments at initial recognition. Regular way purchase and sale of financial assets are accounted for at trade date.

 

a. Non-derivative financial instruments

 

(i) Loans and receivables

 

Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. They are presented as current assets, except for those maturing later than 12 months after the balance sheet date which are presented as non-current assets. Loans and receivables are measured initially at fair value plus transaction costs and subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment loss or provisions for doubtful accounts. Loans and receivables are represented by trade receivables, net of allowances for impairment, unbilled revenue, cash and cash equivalents, prepayments, certificates of deposit, and other assets. Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash and bank deposits and deposits with corporations. The company considers all highly liquid investments with a remaining maturity at the date of purchase of three months or less and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash to be cash equivalents. Certificates of deposit is a negotiable money market instrument for funds deposited at a bank or other eligible financial institution for a specified time period. For these financial instruments, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments. Loans and receivables are reclassified to available-for-sale financial assets when the financial asset becomes quoted in an active market.

 

(ii) Available-for-sale financial assets

 

Available-for-sale financial assets are non-derivatives that are either designated in this category or are not classified in any of the other categories. Available-for-sale financial assets are recognized initially at fair value plus transactions costs. Subsequent to initial recognition these are measured at fair value and changes therein, other than impairment losses and foreign exchange gains and losses on available-for-sale monetary items are recognized directly in other comprehensive income. When an investment is derecognized, the cumulative gain or loss in other comprehensive income is transferred to net profit in the statement of comprehensive income. These are presented as current assets unless management intends to dispose off the assets after 12 months from the balance sheet date.

 

(iii) Trade and other payables

 

Trade and other payables are initially recognized at fair value, and subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the balance sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.

 

b. Derivative financial instruments

 

Financial assets or financial liabilities, at fair value through profit or loss.

 

This category has two sub-categories wherein, financial assets or financial liabilities are held for trading or are designated as such upon initial recognition. A financial asset is classified as held for trading if it is acquired principally for the purpose of selling in the short term. Derivatives are categorized as held for trading unless they are designated as hedges.

 

The group holds derivative financial instruments such as foreign exchange forward and option contracts to mitigate the risk of changes in exchange rates on foreign currency exposures. The counterparty for these contracts is generally a bank or a financial institution. Although the group believes that these financial instruments constitute hedges from an economic perspective, they do not qualify for hedge accounting under IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. Any derivative that is either not designated a hedge, or is so designated but is ineffective as per IAS 39, is categorized as a financial asset, at fair value through profit or loss.

 

Derivatives are recognized initially at fair value and attributable transaction costs are recognized in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income when incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, derivatives are measured at fair value through profit or loss and the resulting exchange gains or losses are included in other income. Assets/ liabilities in this category are presented as current assets/current liabilities if they are either held for trading or are expected to be realized within 12 months after the balance sheet date.

 

c. Share capital and treasury shares

 

Ordinary Shares

 

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issuance of new ordinary shares and share options are recognized as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects.

 

Treasury Shares

 

When any entity within the Group purchases the company's ordinary shares, the consideration paid including any directly attributable incremental cost is presented as a deduction from total equity, until they are cancelled, sold or reissued. When treasury shares are sold or reissued subsequently, the amount received is recognized as an increase in equity, and the resulting surplus or deficit on the transaction is transferred to/ from share premium.

 

1.12 Impairment

 

a. Financial assets

 

The Group assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. A financial asset is considered impaired if objective evidence indicates that one or more events have had a negative effect on the estimated future cash flows of that asset. Individually significant financial assets are tested for impairment on an individual basis. The remaining financial assets are assessed collectively in groups that share similar credit risk characteristics.

 

(i) Loans and receivables

 

Impairment loss in respect of loans and receivables measured at amortized cost are calculated as the difference between their carrying amount, and the present value of the estimated future cash flows discounted at the original effective interest rate. Such impairment loss is recognized in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income.

 

(ii) Available-for-sale financial assets

 

Significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the security below its cost and the disappearance of an active trading market for the security are objective evidence that the security is impaired. An impairment loss in respect of an available-for-sale financial asset is calculated by reference to its fair value and is recognized in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income. The cumulative loss that was recognized in other comprehensive income is transferred to net profit in the statement of comprehensive income upon impairment.

 

b. Non-financial assets

 

(i) Goodwill

 

Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis and whenever there is an indication that goodwill may be impaired, relying on a number of factors including operating results, business plans and future cash flows. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated to the Group's cash generating units (CGU) or groups of CGU’s expected to benefit from the synergies arising from the business combination. A CGU is the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or group of assets. Impairment occurs when the carrying amount of a CGU including the goodwill, exceeds the estimated recoverable amount of the CGU. The recoverable amount of a CGU is the higher of its fair value less cost to sell and its value-in-use. Value-in-use is the present value of future cash flows expected to be derived from the CGU.

 

Total impairment loss of a CGU is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of goodwill allocated to the CGU and then to the other assets of the CGU pro-rata on the basis of the carrying amount of each asset in the CGU. An impairment loss on goodwill is recognized in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income and is not reversed in the subsequent period.

 

(ii) Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment

 

Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment are evaluated for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. For the purpose of impairment testing, the recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the CGU to which the asset belongs.

 

If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income is measured by the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds the estimated recoverable amount of the asset.

 

c. Reversal of impairment loss

 

An impairment loss for financial assets is reversed if the reversal can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized. An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed. In respect of other assets, an impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. The carrying amount of an asset other than goodwill is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. A reversal of impairment loss for an asset other than goodwill and available- for-sale financial assets that are equity securities is recognized in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income. For available-for-sale financial assets that are equity securities, the reversal is recognized in other comprehensive income.

 

1.13 Fair value of financial instruments

 

In determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the group uses a variety of methods and assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each reporting date. The methods used to determine fair value include discounted cash flow analysis, available quoted market prices and dealer quotes. All methods of assessing fair value result in general approximation of value, and such value may never actually be realized.

 

For all other financial instruments the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of those instruments. The fair value of securities, which do not have an active market and where it is not practicable to determine the fair values with sufficient reliability, are carried at cost less impairment.

 

1.14 Provisions

 

A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event, the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.

 

a. Post sales client support

 

The group provides its clients with a fixed-period post sales support for corrections of errors and telephone support on all its fixed-price, fixed-timeframe contracts. Costs associated with such support services are accrued at the time related revenues are recorded and included in cost of sales. The group estimates such costs based on historical experience and estimates are reviewed on a periodic basis for any material changes in assumptions and likelihood of occurrence.

 

b. Onerous contracts

 

Provisions for onerous contracts are recognized when the expected benefits to be derived by the Group from a contract are lower than the unavoidable costs of meeting the future obligations under the contract. The provision is measured at the present value of the lower of the expected cost of terminating the contract and the expected net cost of continuing with the contract. Before a provision is established the Group recognizes any impairment loss on the assets associated with that contract.

 

1.15 Foreign currency

 

Functional currency

 

The functional currency of Infosys, Infosys BPO and Edgeverve is the Indian rupee. The functional currencies for Infosys Australia, Infosys China, Infosys Mexico, Infosys Sweden, Infosys Brasil, Infosys Public Services, Infosys Shanghai, Infosys Lodestone and Infosys Americas are the respective local currencies. These financial statements are presented in Indian rupees (rounded off to crore; one crore equals ten million).

 

Transactions and translations

 

Foreign-currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated into the relevant functional currency at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. The gains or losses resulting from such translations are included in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at fair value are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at historical cost are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of transaction.

 

Transaction gains or losses realized upon settlement of foreign currency transactions are included in determining net profit for the period in which the transaction is settled. Revenue, expense and cash-flow items denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the relevant functional currencies using the exchange rate in effect on the date of the transaction.

 

The translation of financial statements of the foreign subsidiaries to the functional currency of the company is performed for assets and liabilities using the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue, expense and cash-flow items using the average exchange rate for the respective periods. The gains or losses resulting from such translation are included in currency translation reserves under other components of equity. When a subsidiary is disposed off, in full, the relevant amount is transferred to net profit in the statement of comprehensive income. However when a change in the parent's ownership does not result in loss of control of a subsidiary, such changes are recorded through equity.

 

Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the acquisition of a foreign entity are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign entity and translated at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date.

 

1.16 Earnings per equity share

 

Basic earnings per equity share is computed by dividing the net profit attributable to the equity holders of the company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per equity share is computed by dividing the net profit attributable to the equity holders of the company by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per equity share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. The dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had the equity shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e. the average market value of the outstanding equity shares). Dilutive potential equity shares are deemed converted as of the beginning of the period, unless issued at a later date. Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each period presented.

 

The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted retrospectively for all periods presented for any share splits and bonus shares issues including for changes effected prior to the approval of the financial statements by the Board of Directors.

 

1.17 Income taxes

 

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred income tax. Income tax expense is recognized in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income except to the extent that it relates to items recognized directly in equity, in which case it is recognized in other comprehensive income. Current income tax for current and prior periods is recognized at the amount expected to be paid to or recovered from the tax authorities, using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for all temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the financial statements except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.

 

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of changes in tax rates on deferred income tax assets and liabilities is recognized as income or expense in the period that includes the enactment or the substantive enactment date. A deferred income tax asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and tax losses can be utilized. Deferred income taxes are not provided on the undistributed earnings of subsidiaries and branches where it is expected that the earnings of the subsidiary or branch will not be distributed in the foreseeable future. The income tax provision for the interim period is made based on the best estimate of the annual average tax rate expected to be applicable for the full financial year. The group offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and where it intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. Tax benefits of deductions earned on exercise of employee share options in excess of compensation charged to income are credited to share premium.

 

1.18 Employee benefits

 

1.18.1 Gratuity

 

Infosys provides for gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan (the Gratuity Plan) covering eligible employees. The Gratuity Plan provides a lump-sum payment to vested employees at retirement, death, incapacitation or termination of employment, of an amount based on the respective employee's salary and the tenure of employment.

 

Liabilities with regard to the Gratuity Plan are determined by actuarial valuation, performed by an independent actuary, at each balance sheet date using the projected unit credit method. The company fully contributes all ascertained liabilities to the Infosys Limited Employees' Gratuity Fund Trust (the Trust). In case of Infosys BPO and Edgeverve, contributions are made to the Infosys BPO's Employees' Gratuity Fund Trust and Edgeverve Systems Limited Employees' Gratuity Fund Trust. Trustees administer contributions made to the Trusts and contributions are invested in a scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India as permitted by law of India.

 

The group has adopted Revised IAS 19 effective April 1, 2013. Pursuant to this adoption, the Group recognizes the net obligation of a defined benefit plan in its balance sheet as an asset or liability. The amended standard requires immediate recognition of the gains and losses through re-measurements of the net defined benefit liability/ (asset) through other comprehensive income. Further it also requires the interest expense (income) on plan assets to be considered in the Profit and Loss to be restricted to the discount rate based on the Government securities yield. The actual return of the portfolio, in excess of such yields is recognised through the other comprehensive income. The Revised IAS 19 also requires effect of any plan amendments to be recognised immediately through the net profits, in the statement of comprehensive income.

 

Previously, the actuarial gains and losses were charged or credited to net profit in the statement of comprehensive income in the period in which they arose and the expected return on plan assets computed based on market expectations were considered as part of the net gratuity cost.

 

The adoption of Revised IAS 19 Employee Benefits did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

 

1.18.2 Superannuation

 

Certain employees of Infosys are also participants in a defined contribution plan. The company has no further obligations to the Plan beyond its monthly contributions. Certain employees of Infosys BPO are also eligible for superannuation benefit. Infosys BPO has no further obligations to the superannuation plan beyond its monthly contribution which are periodically contributed to a trust fund, the corpus of which is invested with the Life Insurance Corporation of India. Certain employees of Edgeverve are also participants in the Edgeverve Systems Limited Employees Superannuation Fund Trust ('the Plan') which is a defined contribution plan. The Company has no obligations to the Plan beyond its monthly contributions.

 

1.18.3 Provident fund

 

Eligible employees of Infosys receive benefits from a provident fund, which is a defined benefit plan. Both the employee and the company make monthly contributions to the provident fund plan equal to a specified percentage of the covered employee's salary. The company contributes a part of the contributions to the Infosys Limited Employees' Provident Fund Trust. The trust invests in specific designated instruments as permitted by Indian law. The remaining portion is contributed to the government administered pension fund. The rate at which the annual interest is payable to the beneficiaries by the trust is being administered by the government. The company has an obligation to make good the shortfall, if any, between the return from the investments of the Trust and the notified interest rate.

 

In respect of Infosys BPO, eligible employees receive benefits from a provident fund, which is a defined contribution plan. Both the employee and Infosys BPO make monthly contributions to this provident fund plan equal to a specified percentage of the covered employee's salary. Amounts collected under the provident fund plan are deposited in a government administered provident fund. The company has no further obligation to the plan beyond its monthly contributions.

 

In respect of Edgeverve Systems Limited, eligible employees receive benefits from a provident fund, which is a defined contribution plan. Both the employee and the Company make monthly contributions to this provident fund plan equal to a specified percentage of the covered employee's salary. Amounts collected under the provident fund plan are deposited in a Government administered provident fund. The Company has no further obligations under the provident fund plan beyond its monthly contributions.

 

1.18.4 Compensated absences

 

The Group has a policy on compensated absences which are both accumulating and non-accumulating in nature. The expected cost of accumulating compensated absences is determined by actuarial valuation on the additional amount expected to be paid/availed as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the balance sheet date. Expense on non-accumulating compensated absences is recognized in the period in which the absences occur.

 

1.19 Share-based compensation

 

The Group recognizes compensation expense relating to share-based payments in net profit using a fair-value measurement method in accordance with IFRS 2, Share-Based Payment. Under the fair value method, the estimated fair value of awards is charged to income on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the award as if the award was in-substance, multiple awards with a corresponding increase to securities premium.

 

1.20 Dividends

 

Final dividends on shares are recorded as a liability on the date of approval by the shareholders and interim dividends are recorded as a liability on the date of declaration by the company's Board of Directors.

 

1.21 Operating profit

 

Operating profit for the Group is computed considering the revenues, net of cost of sales, selling and marketing expenses and administrative expenses.

 

1.22 Other income

 

Other income is comprised primarily of interest income, dividend income and exchange gain/loss on forward and options contracts and on translation of other assets and liabilities. Interest income is recognized using the effective interest method. Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive payment is established.

 

1.23 Leases

 

Leases under which the group assumes substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. When acquired, such assets are capitalized at fair value or present value of the minimum lease payments at the inception of the lease, whichever is lower. Lease payments under operating leases are recognised as an expense on a straight line basis in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income over the lease term.

 

1.24 Government grants

 

The Group recognizes government grants only when there is reasonable assurance that the conditions attached to them shall be complied with, and the grants will be received. Government grants related to assets are treated as deferred income and are recognized in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income on a systematic and rational basis over the useful life of the asset. Government grants related to revenue are recognized on a systematic basis in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income over the periods necessary to match them with the related costs which they are intended to compensate.

 

1.25 Recent accounting pronouncements

 

1.25.1 Standards issued but not yet effective

 

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments: In November 2009, the International Accounting Standards Board issued IFRS 9, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement, to reduce the complexity of the current rules on financial instruments as mandated in IAS 39. IFRS 9 has fewer classification and measurement categories as compared to IAS 39 and has eliminated the categories of held to maturity, available for sale and loans and receivables. Further it eliminates the rule-based requirement of segregating embedded derivatives and tainting rules pertaining to held to maturity investments. For an investment in an equity instrument which is not held for trading, IFRS 9 permits an irrevocable election, on initial recognition, on an individual share-by-share basis, to present all fair value changes from the investment in other comprehensive income. No amount recognized in other comprehensive income would ever be reclassified to profit or loss. IFRS 9, was further amended in October 2010, and such amendment introduced requirements on accounting for financial liabilities. This amendment addresses the issue of volatility in the profit or loss due to changes in the fair value of an entity’s own debt. It requires the entity, which chooses to measure a liability at fair value, to present the portion of the fair value change attributable to the entity’s own credit risk in the other comprehensive income. The effective date for adoption of IFRS 9 is annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, though early adoption is permitted. The Group is currently evaluating the requirements of IFRS 9, and has not yet determined the impact on the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

 

IFRS 15 Revenue from Contract with Customers: In May 2014, the International Accounting Standards Board issued IFRS 15, Revenue from Contract with Customers. The core principle of the new standard is that an entity should recognise revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Further the new standard requires enhanced disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the entity’s contracts with customers. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. The effective date for adoption of IFRS 15 is annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2017, though early adoption is permitted. The group has not yet selected a transition method and has not yet evaluated the impact of IFRS 15 on the consolidated financial statements.

 

2. Notes to the consolidated interim financial statements

 

2.1 Cash and cash equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents consist of the following:

(In crore)

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Cash and bank deposits  24,827 22,342
Deposits with corporations  3,605 3,608
   28,432 25,950

 

Cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014 include restricted cash and bank balances of 351 crore and 318 crore, respectively. The restrictions are primarily on account of cash and bank balances held by irrevocable trusts controlled by the Company, bank balances held as margin money deposits against guarantees and balances held in unclaimed dividend bank accounts.

 

The deposits maintained by the Group with banks and corporations comprise of time deposits, which can be withdrawn by the Group at any point without prior notice or penalty on the principal.

 

The table below provides details of cash and cash equivalents:

(In crore)

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Current Accounts    
ANZ Bank, Taiwan  1 1
Banamex Bank, Mexico  8
Bank of America, Mexico  28 4
Bank of America, USA  841 713
Bank of Baroda, Mauritius  1
Bank of Tokyo- Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., Japan  1
Bank Zachodni WBK S.A, Poland  4
Barclays Bank, UK  73 112
Bonz Bank, Australia  – 2
China Merchants Bank, China  2 2
China Merchants Bank, China (U.S Dollar Account)  – 2
CIC Bank, France  – 5
Citibank EEFC, India (U.S. Dollar account)  1
Citibank N.A, China  30 51
Citibank N.A, Costa Rica  1 1
Citibank N.A., Czech Republic  3 1
Citibank NA, Australia  65 78
Citibank NA, Brazil  40 36
Citibank EEFC, Czech Republic (U.S. Dollar account)  – 1
Citibank N.A., Dubai  1
Citibank NA, India  1 2
Citibank NA, Japan  15 11
Citibank NA, New Zealand  7 2
Citibank NA, Singapore  1 4
Citibank NA, South Africa  3 4
Citibank NA, Thailand  1 1
Commerzbank, Germany  8 7
Crédit Industriel et Commercial Bank, France  2
Deutsche Bank, India  30 8
Deutsche Bank, Philippines  6 6
Deutsche Bank, Philippines (U.S. Dollar account)  4 29
Deutsche Bank, Poland  5 1
Deutsche Bank-EEFC (Australian Dollar account)  86 8
Deutsche Bank-EEFC (Euro account)  3 8
Deutsche Bank-EEFC (Swiss Franc account)  – 1
Deutsche Bank-EEFC (U.S. Dollar account)  208 64
Deutsche Bank-EEFC (United Kingdom Pound Sterling account)  4 11
Deutsche Bank, Belgium  6 12
Deutsche Bank, Czech Republic  1 2
Deutsche Bank, Czech Republic (Euro account)  10 8
Deutsche Bank, Czech Republic (U.S. Dollar account)  9 14
Deutsche Bank, EEFC (CHF account)  1
Deutsche Bank, France  16 5
Deutsche Bank, Germany  16 33
Deutsche Bank, Netherlands  24 17
Deutsche Bank, Russia  – 2
Deutsche Bank, Russia (U.S. Dollar account)  1 13
Deutsche Bank, Singapore  2 10
Deutsche Bank, Spain  2 3
Deutsche Bank, Switzerland  2 3
Deutsche Bank, Switzerland (U.S. Dollar Account)  – 2
Deutsche Bank, United Kingdom  61 74
HDFC Bank-Unclaimed dividend account  1 1
HSBC Bank, Brazil  6 3
HSBC Bank, Hong Kong  29
ICICI Bank, India  228 36
ICICI Bank-EEFC (Euro account)  – 1
ICICI Bank-EEFC (U.S. Dollar account)  7 16
ICICI Bank-EEFC (United Kingdom Pound Sterling account)  – 1
ICICI Bank-Unclaimed dividend account  2 2
ING, Belgium  6 3
Nordbanken, Sweden  7 17
Punjab National Bank, India  18 4
Pudong Development Bank, China  7
Raiffeisen Bank, Romania  1 1
Royal Bank of Scotland, China  47 38
Royal Bank of Canada, Canada  8 22
Royal Bank of Scotland, China (U.S. Dollar account)  6 6
Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, China  – 1
Santander Bank, Argentina  1 1
State Bank of India, India  1 9
UBS AG (U.S. Dollar Account)  15 1
UBS AG, Switzerland  9 5
UBS AG, Switzerland (United Kingdom Pound Sterling account)  4
UBS AG, Switzerland (Euro Account)  7 1
Wells Fargo Bank N.A., USA  23
Westpac, Australia  3 5
   2,071 1,548
Deposit Accounts    
Andhra Bank  924 753
Allahabad Bank  1,011 1,011
Axis Bank  1,080 1,080
Bank of Baroda  2,205 2,205
Bank of India  2,895 2,541
Canara Bank  2,636 2,353
Central Bank of India  1,555 1,555
Corporation Bank  1,300 1,134
Citibank, China  – 19
Deutsche Bank, Poland  133 125
HDFC Bank  469
ICICI Bank  2,987 2,999
IDBI Bank  1,547 1,713
ING Vysya Bank  200 200
Indusind Bank  16 25
Indian Overseas Bank  806 718
Jammu and Kashmir Bank  – 25
Kotak Mahindra Bank  5 25
National Australia Bank Limited, Australia  93 91
Oriental Bank of Commerce  138 91
Punjab National Bank  457 80
South Indian Bank  – 25
State Bank of India  58 58
Syndicate Bank  1,080 863
Union Bank of India  76 20
Vijaya Bank  855 855
Yes Bank  230 230
   22,756 20,794
Deposits with corporations    
HDFC Limited  3,605 3,608
   3,605 3,608
Total  28,432 25,950

 

2.2 Available-for-sale financial assets

 

Investments in mutual fund units, quoted debt securities and unquoted equity securities are classified as available-for-sale financial assets.

 

Cost and fair value of the above investments are as follows:

(In crore)

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Current    
Mutual fund units:    
Liquid mutual funds    
Cost and fair value  3,621 2,051
Fixed maturity plan securities    
Cost  143 143
Gross unrealised holding gains  7 3
Fair value 150 146
   3,771 2,197
Non-current    
Quoted debt securities:    
Cost  1,360 1,351
Gross unrealised holding gain/ (loss)  (50) (106)
Fair value  1,310 1,245
Unquoted equity securities:    
Cost  4 4
Gross unrealised holding gains  2 3
Fair value  6 7
   1,316 1,252
Total available-for-sale financial assets 5,087 3,449

 

Mutual fund units:

 

Liquid mutual funds

 

The fair value of liquid mutual funds as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014 is 3,621 crore and 2,051 crore, respectively. The fair value is based on quoted price.

 

Fixed maturity plan securities:

 

The fair value as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014 is 150 crore and 146 crore, respectively. The net unrealized loss of 1 crore, net of taxes has been recognized in other comprehensive income for the three months ended September 30, 2014. The net unrealized gain of 2 crore, net of taxes has been recognized in other comprehensive income for the six months ended September 30, 2014. The net unrealized gain of 1 crore, net of taxes has been recognized in other comprehensive income for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2013, respectively. The fair value is based on quotes reflected in actual transactions in similar instruments. (Refer to note 2.16)

 

Quoted debt securities:

 

The fair value of quoted debt securities as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014 is 1,310 crore and 1,245 crore, respectively. The net unrealized gain of 31 crore and 44 crore, net of taxes has been recognized in other comprehensive income for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 respectively. The net unrealized loss of 20 crore and 21 crore, net of taxes of 3 crore each has been recognized in other comprehensive income for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2013, respectively. The fair value is based on the quoted prices. (Refer to note 2.16)

 

Unquoted equity securities:

 

As of September 30, 2014 the 21,54,100 shares held in OnMobile Systems Inc, U.S.A, were fair valued at 6 crore and the resultant unrealized loss of 2 crore, net of taxes of less than 1 crore has been recognized in other comprehensive income for the three months ended September 30, 2014. The resultant unrealized loss of 1 crore, net of taxes of less than 1 crore has been recognized in other comprehensive income for the six months ended September 30, 2014. Unrealized loss of 1 crore, net of taxes of less than 1 crore and 1 crore respectively, has been recognized in other comprehensive income for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2013. The fair value has been derived based on an agreed upon exchange ratio between these unquoted equity securities and quoted prices of the underlying marketable equity securities.

 

2.3 Business combinations

 

During the year ended March 31, 2010, Infosys BPO acquired 100% of the voting interests in Infosys McCamish Systems LLC (McCamish), a business process solutions provider based in Atlanta, Georgia, in the United States. The business acquisition was conducted by entering into Membership Interest Purchase Agreement for a cash consideration of 173 crore and a contingent consideration of upto 93 crore. The fair value of contingent consideration and its undiscounted value on the date of acquisition was 40 crore and 67 crore, respectively.

 

The payment of contingent consideration was dependent upon the achievement of certain revenue targets and net margin targets by McCamish over a period of 4 years ending March 31, 2014. Further, contingent to McCamish signing any deal with total revenues of USD 100 million or more, the aforesaid period could be extended by 2 years.

 

The fair value of the contingent consideration was determined by discounting the estimated amount payable to the previous owners of McCamish on achievement of certain financial targets. The key inputs used for the determination of fair value of contingent consideration were the discount rate of 13.9% and the probabilities of achievement of the net margin and the revenue targets ranging from 50% to 100%.

 

During the year ended March 31, 2013, pursuant to McCamish entering into the asset purchase agreement with Seabury & Smith Inc., an assessment of the probability of McCamish achieving the required revenue and net margin targets pertaining to contingent consideration was conducted. The assessment was based on the actual and projected revenues and net margins pertaining to McCamish post consummation of the asset purchase transaction. The fair value of the contingent consideration and its related undiscounted value was determined at 17 crore and 23 crore, respectively. The contingent consideration was estimated to be in the range between 23 crore and 33 crore.

 

During March 2014, an assessment of the probability of McCamish achieving the required revenue and net margin targets pertaining to the contingent consideration was conducted. The entire contingent consideration was reversed in the statement of comprehensive income as it was estimated that the liability is no longer required.

 

During the year ended March 31, 2013, McCamish entered into an asset purchase agreement with Seabury & Smith Inc., a company providing back office services to life insurers, to purchase its BPO division for a cash consideration of 5 crore and a deferred consideration of 5 crore. Consequent to the transaction, intangible assets on customer contracts and relationships of 5 crore, intangible software of 1 crore and goodwill of 4 crore has been recorded. The intangible customer contracts and relationships and software are amortized over a period of five years and four months, respectively, being management’s estimate of its useful life, based on the life over which economic benefits are expected to be realized. During the year ended March 31,2014, based on an assessment made by the management, deferred consideration of 5 crore has been reversed in the statement of comprehensive income, as the same is no longer payable.

 

On October 22, 2012, Infosys acquired 100% of the voting interests in Lodestone Holding AG, a global management consultancy firm headquartered in Zurich. The business acquisition was conducted by entering into a share purchase agreement for a cash consideration of 1,187 crore and an additional consideration of upto 608 crore, which the company refers to as deferred purchase price, estimated on the date of acquisition, payable to the selling shareholders of Lodestone Holding AG who are continuously employed or otherwise engaged by the Group during the three year period following the date of the acquisition.

 

As per the share purchase agreement, approximately 608 crore, referred to as deferred purchase price, is payable on the third anniversary of the acquisition date to the selling shareholders of Lodestone who will be continuously employed or otherwise engaged by the Group during the three year period from the date of acquisition. This transaction is treated as post acquisition employee remuneration expense as per IFRS 3R. For the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013, a post-acquisition employee remuneration expense of 60 crore and 46 crore and 116 crore and 84 crore respectively, is recorded in cost of sales in the statement of comprehensive income. As of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, the liability towards deferred purchase price amounted to 342 crore and 255 crore, respectively.

 

2.4 Prepayments and other assets

 

Prepayments and other assets consist of the following:

(In crore)

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Current    
Rental deposits  21 10
Security deposits with service providers  8 10
Loans and advances to employees  233 208
Prepaid expenses(1)  84 116
Interest accrued and not due  80 21
Withholding taxes(1)  1,283 1,052
Advance payments to vendors for supply of goods(1)  52 92
Deposit with corporations  967 979
Premiums held in trust(2)  18 135
Other assets  15 13
   2,761 2,636
Non-current    
Loans and advances to employees  45 38
Deposit with corporation  49 43
Rental deposits  51 60
Security deposits with service providers  62 60
Prepaid expenses(1)  10 9
Prepaid gratuity and other benefits(1)  55 10
   272 220
   3,033 2,856
Financial assets in prepayments and other assets  1,549 1,577

 

(1) Non financial assets
(2) Represents premiums collected from policyholders and payable to insurance providers by a service provider maintaining the amounts in fiduciary capacity

 

Withholding taxes primarily consist of input tax credits. Other assets primarily represent travel advances and other recoverables. Security deposits with service providers relate principally to leased telephone lines and electricity supplies.

 

Deposit with corporations represents amounts deposited to settle certain employee-related obligations as and when they arise during the normal course of business.

 

2.5 Property, plant and equipment

 

Following are the changes in the carrying value of property, plant and equipment for the three months ended September 30, 2014:

(In crore)

  Land Buildings Plant and machinery Computer equipment Furniture and fixtures Vehicles Capital work-in-progress Total
Gross carrying value as of July 1, 2014 1,299 5,086 1,733 2,766 1,019 34 1,917 13,854
Additions 229 245 127 162 50  –  – 813
Deletions  –  –  (3)  (24)  –  –  (274) (301)
Translation difference  –  – 2 1  –  (1)  – 2
Gross carrying value as of September 30, 2014 1,528 5,331 1,859 2,905 1,069 33 1,643 14,368
Accumulated depreciation as of July 1, 2014  –  (1,838)  (1,100)  (2,034)  (718)  (18)  – (5,708)
Depreciation  (15)  (46)  (73)  (94)  (45)  (2)  – (275)
Accumulated depreciation on deletions  –  –  1 14  –  –  – 15
Translation difference  –  –  –  (3)  (1) 2  – (2)
Accumulated depreciation as of September 30, 2014  (15)  (1,884)  (1,172)  (2,117)  (764)  (18)  – (5,970)
Carrying value as of July 1, 2014 1,299 3,248 633 732 301 16 1,917 8,146
Carrying value as of September 30, 2014 1,513 3,447 687 788 305 15 1,643 8,398

 

Proceeds on the sale of property, plant and equipment during the three months ended September 30, 2014 was 1 Crore.

 

Following are the changes in the carrying value of property, plant and equipment for the three months ended September 30, 2013

(In crore)

  Land Buildings Plant and machinery Computer equipment Furniture and fixtures Vehicles Capital work-in-progress Total
Gross carrying value as of July 1, 2013 853 4,255 1,296 1,997 840 29 1,940 11,210
Additions 94 125 55 225 57 3 77 636
Deletions  –  –  –  (1)  (1)  (2)  – (4)
Translation difference  –  – 3 15 13 3  – 34
Gross carrying value as of September 30, 2013 947 4,380 1,354 2,236 909 33 2,017 11,876
Accumulated depreciation as of July 1, 2013  –  (1,567)  (890)  (1,451)  (608)  (16)  – (4,532)
Depreciation  –  (72)  (51)  (162)  (29)  (1)  – (315)
Accumulated depreciation on deletions  –  –  – 1  1 1  – 3
Translation difference  –  –  (2)  (10)  (10)  –  – (22)
Accumulated depreciation as of September 30, 2013  –  (1,639)  (943)  (1,622)  (646)  (16)  – (4,866)
Carrying value as of July 1, 2013 853 2,688 406 546 232 13 1,940 6,678
Carrying value as of September 30, 2013 947 2,741 411 614 263 17 2,017 7,010

 

Proceeds on the sale of property, plant and equipment during the three months ended September 30, 2013 was less than 1 crore.

 

Following are the changes in the carrying value of property, plant and equipment for the six months ended September 30, 2014

(In crore)

  Land Buildings Plant and machinery Computer equipment Furniture and fixtures Vehicles Capital work-in-progress Total
Gross carrying value as of April 1, 2014 1,140 5,026 1,702 2,659 1,017 36 1,832 13,412
Additions 388 305 167 275 64 1  85 1,285
Deletions  –  –  (11)  (31)  (12)  (3)  (274) (331)
Translation difference  –  – 1 2  –  (1)  – 2
Gross carrying value as of September 30, 2014 1,528 5,331 1,859 2,905 1,069 33 1,643 14,368
Accumulated depreciation as of April 1, 2014  –  (1,794)  (1,048)  (1,965)  (700)  (18)  – (5,525)
Depreciation  (15)  (90)  (133)  (170)  (76)  (3)  – (487)
Accumulated depreciation on deletions  –  –  9 21 12 2  – 44
Translation difference  –  –  –  (3)  – 1  – (2)
Accumulated depreciation as of September 30, 2014 (15)  (1,884)  (1,172)  (2,117)  (764)  (18)  – (5,970)
Carrying value as of April 1, 2014 1,140 3,232 654 694 317 18 1,832 7,887
Carrying value as of September 30, 2014 1,513 3,447 687 788 305 15 1,643 8,398

 

Proceeds on the sale of property, plant and equipment during the six months ended September 30, 2014 was 2 crore.

 

Following are the changes in the carrying value of property, plant and equipment for the six months ended September 30, 2013

(In crore)

  Land Buildings Plant and machinery Computer equipment Furniture and fixtures Vehicles Capital work-in-progress Total
Gross carrying value as of April 1, 2013 850 4,199 1,254 1,887 800 26 1,660 10,676
Additions 97 181 92 322 80 6 357 1,135
Deletions  –  –  (1)  (9)  (1)  (3)  – (14)
Translation difference  –  – 9 36 30 4  – 79
Gross carrying value as of September 30, 2013 947 4,380 1,354 2,236 909 33 2,017 11,876
Accumulated depreciation as of April 1, 2013  –  (1,497)  (835)  (1,304)  (558)  (14)  – (4,208)
Depreciation  –  (142)  (104)  (303)  (66)  (2)  – (617)
Accumulated depreciation on deletions  –  – 1 9  1 2  – 13
Translation difference  –  –  (5)  (24)  (23)  (2)  – (54)
Accumulated depreciation as of September 30, 2013  –  (1,639)  (943)  (1,622)  (646)  (16)  – (4,866)
Carrying value as of April 1, 2013 850 2,702 419 583 242 12 1,660 6,468
Carrying value as of September 30, 2013 947 2,741 411 614 263 17 2,017 7,010

 

Proceeds on the sale of property, plant and equipment during the six months ended September 30, 2013 was 1 crore.

 

Following are the changes in the carrying value of property, plant and equipment for the year ended March 31, 2014:

(In crore)

  Land Buildings Plant and machinery Computer equipment Furniture and fixtures Vehicles Capital work-in-progress Total
Gross carrying value as of April 1, 2013 850 4,199 1,254 1,887 800 26 1,660 10,676
Additions 291 827 445 760 200 11 357 2,891
Deletions  (1)  –  (3)  (27)  (2)  (5)  (185) (223)
Translation difference  –  – 6 39 19 4  – 68
Gross carrying value as of March 31, 2014 1,140 5,026 1,702 2,659 1,017 36 1,832 13,412
Accumulated depreciation as of April 1, 2013  –  (1,497)  (835)  (1,304)  (558)  (14)  – (4,208)
Depreciation  –  (297)  (213)  (657)  (129)  (5)  – (1,301)
Accumulated depreciation on deletions  –  – 3 27  2 3  – 35
Translation difference  –  –  (3)  (31)  (15)  (2)  – (51)
Accumulated depreciation as of March 31, 2014  –  (1,794)  (1,048)  (1,965)  (700)  (18)  – (5,525)
Carrying value as of April 1, 2013 850 2,702 419 583 242 12 1,660 6,468
Carrying value as of March 31, 2014 1,140 3,232 654 694 317 18 1,832 7,887

 

Proceeds on the sale of property, plant and equipment during the year ended March 31, 2014 was 3 crore.

 

During the three months ended June 30, 2014, the management based on internal and external technical evaluation reassessed the remaining useful life of assets primarily consisting of buildings and computers with effect from April 1, 2014. Accordingly the useful lives of certain assets required a change from the previous estimates.

 

The existing and revised useful lives are as below:

 

Category of assets Existing useful life (Years) Revised useful life (Years)
Building  15  22-25
Plant and machinery  5 5
Computer equipment  2-5  3-5
Furniture and fixtures  5 5
Vehicles  5 5

 

Had the group continued with the previously assessed useful lives, charge for depreciation and cost of sales for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 would have been higher by 119 crore and 255 crore, respectively on assets held at April 1, 2014. The revision of the useful lives will result in the following changes in the depreciation expense as compared to the original useful life of the assets.

 (In crore)

Particulars Fiscal 2015 Fiscal 2016 After Fiscal 2016
Increase / (decrease) in depreciation expense (435) (144) 579

 

The depreciation expense is included in cost of sales in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

 

Carrying value of land includes 614 crore and 359 crore as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, respectively, towards deposits paid under certain lease-cum-sale agreements to acquire land including agreements where the Company has an option to purchase or renew the properties on expiry of the lease period. The contractual commitments for capital expenditure were 1,695 crore and 1,363 crore, as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, respectively.

 

2.6 Goodwill and intangible assets

 

Following is a summary of changes in the carrying amount of goodwill:

(In crore)

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Carrying value at the beginning  2,157 1,976
Translation differences  (60) 181
Carrying value at the end  2,097 2,157

 

For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated to the cash generating units (CGU) or groups of CGU’s, which are benefiting from the synergies of the acquisition. The chief operating decision maker reviews the goodwill for any impairment at the operating segment level, which is represented through groups of CGU’s.

 

Effective quarter ended March 31, 2014, the company reorganized its business to strengthen its focus on growing existing client relationships and increasing market share through service differentiation and operational agility. Consequent to the internal reorganization there were changes effected in the segments based on the “management approach” as defined in IFRS 8, Operating Segments. (Refer Note 2.19). Accordingly the goodwill has been allocated to the new operating segments as at September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014.

(In crore)

Segment As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Financial services 433 448
Insurance 304 302
Manufacturing 441 458
Energy, Communication and services 205 212
Resources & utilities 94 97
Retail, Consumer packaged goods and logistics 311 321
Life Sciences and Healthcare 126 130
Growth Markets 183 189
Total  2,097 2,157

 

The entire goodwill relating to Infosys BPO’s acquisition of McCamish has been allocated to the groups of CGU’s which are represented by the Insurance segment.

 

The goodwill relating to Infosys Lodestone and Portland acquisitions has been allocated to the groups of CGU’s which are represented by the entity’s operating segment

 

The recoverable amount of a CGU is the higher of its fair value less cost to sell and its value-in-use. The fair value of a CGU is determined based on the market capitalization. The value-in-use is determined based on specific calculations. These calculations use pre-tax cash flow projections over a period of five years, based on financial budgets approved by management and an average of the range of each assumption mentioned below. As of March 31, 2014, the estimated recoverable amount of the CGU exceeded its carrying amount. The recoverable amount was computed based on the fair value being higher than value-in-use and the carrying amount of the CGU was computed by allocating the net assets to operating segments for the purpose of impairment testing. The key assumptions used for the calculations are as follows:

 

  In %
Long term growth rate 8-10
Operating margins 17-20
Discount rate 13.2

 

The above discount rate is based on the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) of the Company. These estimates are likely to differ from future actual results of operations and cash flows

 

Following are the changes in the carrying value of acquired intangible assets for the three months ended September 30, 2014:

(In crore)

  Customer related Software related Sub-contracting rights related Intellectual property rights related Land use- rights related Brand Others Total
Gross carrying value as of July 1, 2014  381  35  21  11  68  28  9 553
Additions  –  –  –  –  –  –  –
Translation differences  (11)  1  –  –  2  (1)  – (9)
Gross carrying value as of September 30, 2014  370  36  21  11  70  27  9 544
Accumulated amortization as of July 1, 2014 (136) (26) (21) (11) (4) (23) (8) (229)
Amortization expense  (9)  (1)  –  –  (1)  (4)  (1) (16)
Translation differences 1  (1)  –  – 1 1  – 2
Accumulated amortization as of September 30, 2014 (144) (28) (21) (11) (4) (26) (9) (243)
Carrying value as of July 1, 2014 245 9  –  – 64 5 1 324
Carrying value as of September 30, 2014 226 8  –  – 66 1  – 301

 

Following are the changes in the carrying value of acquired intangible assets for the three months ended September 30, 2013:

(In crore)

  Customer related Software related Sub-contracting rights related Intellectual property rights related Land use- rights related Brand Others Total
Gross carrying value as of July 1, 2013  365  34  21  11  68  26  9 534
Additions  –  –  –  –  –  –  –
Translation differences  26  2  –  –  4  3  – 35
Gross carrying value as of September 30, 2013  391  36  21  11  72  29  9 569
Accumulated amortization as of July 1, 2013 (92) (22) (14) (11) (1) (9) (4) (153)
Amortization expense (11) (1) (1)  –  – (4) (1) (18)
Translation differences (3) (2)  – (2)  –  – (7)
Accumulated amortization as of September 30, 2013 (106) (25) (15) (11) (3) (13) (5) (178)
Carrying value as of July 1, 2013 273 12 7  – 67 17 5 381
Carrying value as of September 30, 2013 285 11 6  – 69 16 4 391

 

Following are the changes in the carrying value of acquired intangible assets for the six months ended September 30, 2014:

(In crore)

  Customer related Software related Sub-contracting rights related Intellectual property rights related Land use- rights related Brand Others Total
Gross carrying value as of April 1, 2014  381  35  21  11  68  28  9 553
Additions  –  –  –  –  –  –  –
Translation differences  (11) 1  –  –  2  (1)  – (9)
Gross carrying value as of September 30, 2014  370  36  21  11  70  27  9 544
Accumulated amortization as of April 1, 2014 (125) (26) (19) (11) (3) (20) (7) (211)
Amortization expense  (20)  (2)  (2)  –  (1)  (7)  (2) (34)
Translation differences 1  –  –  –  – 1  – 2
Accumulated amortization as of September 30, 2014 (144) (28) (21) (11) (4) (26) (9) (243)
Carrying value as of April 1, 2014 256 9 2  – 65  8 2 342
Carrying value as of September 30, 2014 226 8  –  – 66  1  – 301

 

Following are the changes in the carrying value of acquired intangible assets for the six months ended September 30, 2013:

(In crore)

  Customer related Software related Sub-contracting rights related Intellectual property rights related Land use- rights related Brand Others Total
Gross carrying value as of April 1, 2013  341  32  21  11  61  24  9 499
Additions  –  –  –  –  –  –  –
Translation differences  50  4  –  –  11  5  – 70
Gross carrying value as of September 30, 2013  391  36  21  11  72  29  9 569
Accumulated amortization as of April 1, 2013 (80) (19) (12) (11) (1) (5) (3) (131)
Amortization expense (21) (2) (3)  –  – (7) (2) (35)
Translation differences (5) (4) (2) (1)  – (12)
Accumulated amortization as of September 30, 2013 (106) (25) (15) (11) (3) (13) (5) (178)
Carrying value as of April 1, 2013 261 13 9  – 60  19 6 368
Carrying value as of September 30, 2013 285 11 6  – 69  16 4 391

 

Following are the changes in the carrying value of acquired intangible assets for the year ended March 31, 2014:

(In crore)

  Customer related Software related Sub-contracting rights related Intellectual property rights related Land use- rights related Brand Others Total
Gross carrying value as of April 1, 2013  341  32  21  11  61  24  9 499
Additions  –  –  –  –  –  –  –
Translation differences  40  3  –  –  7  4  – 54
Gross carrying value as of March 31, 2014  381  35  21  11  68  28  9 553
Accumulated amortization as of April 1, 2013 (80) (19) (12) (11) (1) (5) (3) (131)
Amortization expense (43) (4) (7)  – (1) (14) (4) (73)
Translation differences (2) (3)  –  – (1) (1)  – (7)
Accumulated amortization as of March 31, 2014 (125) (26) (19) (11) (3) (20) (7) (211)
Carrying value as of April 1, 2013 261 13 9  – 60  19 6 368
Carrying value as of March 31, 2014 256 9 2  – 65  8 2 342

 

The estimated useful lives and remaining useful life of intangible assets as of September 30, 2014 are as follows:

(in years)

Intangible asset Asset acquisition / Business combination Useful life Remaining Useful life
Sub-contracting rights Asset acquisition 3 1
Land use rights Asset acquisition 50 47
Software Asset acquisition 5 2
Customer contracts and relationships Philips BPO 7
Customer contracts and relationships McCamish 9 4
Customer contracts and relationships Portland 10 7
Customer contracts and relationships Seabury and Smith 5 3
Customer contracts Lodestone 2
Customer relationships Lodestone 10 8
Brand Lodestone 2

 

The amortization expense is included in cost of sales in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

 

Research and development expense recognized in net profit in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 was 162 crore and 265 crore and 327 crore and 512 crore, respectively

 

2.7 Financial instruments

 

Financial instruments by category

 

The carrying value and fair value of financial instruments by categories as of September 30, 2014 were as follows:

(In crore)

  Loans and receivables Financial assets/
liabilities at fair value through profit and loss
Available for sale Trade and other payables Total carrying value/fair value
Assets:          
Cash and cash equivalents (Refer Note 2.1)  28,432  –  –  – 28,432
Available-for-sale financial assets (Refer Note 2.2)  –  –  5,087  – 5,087
Investment in certificates of deposit  103  –  –  – 103
Trade receivables  9,040  –  –  – 9,040
Unbilled revenue  2,948  –  –  – 2,948
Prepayments and other assets (Refer Note 2.4)  1,549  –  –  – 1,549
Derivative financial instruments  –  45  –  – 45
Total  42,072  45  5,087  – 47,204
Liabilities:          
Trade payables  –  –  –  135 135
Derivative financial instruments  –  25  –  – 25
Client deposits  –  –  –  25 25
Employee benefit obligations  –  –  –  1,017 1,017
Other liabilities (Refer Note 2.9)  –  –  –  4,735 4,735
Total  –  25  –  5,912 5,937

 

The carrying value and fair value of financial instruments by categories as of March 31, 2014 were as follows

(In crore)

  Loans and receivables Financial assets/
liabilities at fair value through profit and loss
Available for sale Trade and other payables Total carrying value/fair value
Assets:          
Cash and cash equivalents (Refer Note 2.1)  25,950  –  –  – 25,950
Available-for-sale financial assets (Refer Note 2.2)  –  –  3,449  – 3,449
Investment in certificates of deposit  859  –  –  – 859
Trade receivables  8,351  –  –  – 8,351
Unbilled revenue  2,811  –  –  – 2,811
Prepayments and other assets (Refer Note 2.4)  1,577  –  –  – 1,577
Derivative financial instruments  –  215  –  – 215
Total  39,548  215  3,449  – 43,212
Liabilities:          
Trade payables  –  –  –  173 173
Client deposits  –  –  –  40 40
Employee benefit obligations  –  –  –  954 954
Other liabilities (Refer Note 2.9)  –  –  –  4,110 4,110
Total  –  –  –  5,277 5,277

 

Fair value hierarchy

 

Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices)

 

Level 3 - Inputs for the assets or liabilities that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

 

The following table presents fair value hierarchy of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2014:

(In crore)

  As of September 30, 2014 Fair value measurement at end of the reporting period/year using
     Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets        
Available- for- sale financial asset- Investments in liquid mutual fund units (Refer Note 2.2)  3,621  3,621  –
Available- for- sale financial asset- Investments in fixed maturity plan securities (Refer Note 2.2)  150  –  150
Available- for- sale financial asset- Investments in quoted debt securities (Refer Note 2.2)  1,310  1,310  –
Available- for- sale financial asset- Investments in unquoted equity instruments (Refer Note 2.2)  6  –  6
Derivative financial instruments - gain on outstanding foreign exchange forward and option contracts  45  –  45
Liabilities        
Derivative financial instruments - loss on outstanding foreign exchange forward and option contracts  25  –  25

 

The following table presents fair value hierarchy of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2014:

(In crore)

  As of March 31, 2014 Fair value measurement at end of the reporting period/year using
     Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets        
Available- for- sale financial asset- Investments in liquid mutual fund units (Refer Note 2.2)  2,051  2,051  –
Available- for- sale financial asset- Investments in fixed maturity plan securities (Refer Note 2.2)  146  –  146
Available- for- sale financial asset- Investments in quoted debt securities (Refer Note 2.2)  1,245  1,245  –
Available- for- sale financial asset- Investments in unquoted equity instruments (Refer Note 2.2)  7  –  7
Derivative financial instruments- gain on outstanding foreign exchange forward and option contracts  215  –  215
Liabilities        
Derivative financial instruments- loss on outstanding foreign exchange forward and option contracts  –  –  –

 

Income from financial assets or liabilities that are not at fair value through profit or loss is as follows:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Interest income on deposits and certificates of deposit  644  522  1,258 1,037
Income from available-for-sale financial assets  70  62  149 104
   714  584  1,407 1,141

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

The Group holds derivative financial instruments such as foreign exchange forward and option contracts to mitigate the risk of changes in exchange rates on foreign currency exposures. The counterparty for these contracts is generally a bank or a financial institution. These derivative financial instruments are valued based on quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace

 

The following table gives details in respect of outstanding foreign exchange forward and option contracts:

 

  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
  In million In crore In million In crore
Forward contracts        
In U.S. dollars 752 4,644 751 4,500
In Euro 68 524 64 531
In United Kingdom Pound Sterling 72 718 77 772
In Australian dollars 85 457 75 415
Option contracts        
In U.S. dollars  –  –  20 120
Total forwards and options   6,343   6,338

 

The Group recognized a net gain on derivative financial instruments of 84 crore and 160 crore during the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 as against a net loss on derivative financial instruments of 375 crore and 793 crore during the three months and six months ended September 30, 2013 which are included in other income.

 

The foreign exchange forward and option contracts mature within twelve months. The table below analyzes the derivative financial instruments into relevant maturity groupings based on the remaining period as of the balance sheet date:

(In crore)

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Not later than one month 1,226 1,185
Later than one month and not later than three months 2,911 2,795
Later than three months and not later than one year 2,206 2,358
  6,343 6,338

 

Financial risk management

 

Financial risk factors

 

The Group's activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Group's primary focus is to foresee the unpredictability of financial markets and seek to minimize potential adverse effects on its financial performance. The primary market risk to the Group is foreign exchange risk. The Group uses derivative financial instruments to mitigate foreign exchange related risk exposures. The Group's exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the individual characteristic of each customer and the concentration of risk from the top few customers. The demographics of the customer including the default risk of the industry and country in which the customer operates also has an influence on credit risk assessment.

 

Market risk

 

The Group operates internationally and a major portion of the business is transacted in several currencies and consequently the Group is exposed to foreign exchange risk through its sales and services in the United States and elsewhere, and purchases from overseas suppliers in various foreign currencies. The Group holds derivative financial instruments such as foreign exchange forward and option contracts to mitigate the risk of changes in exchange rates on foreign currency exposures. The exchange rate between the rupee and foreign currencies has changed substantially in recent years and may fluctuate substantially in the future. Consequently, the results of the Group’s operations are adversely affected as the rupee appreciates/ depreciates against these currencies.

 

The following table gives details in respect of the outstanding foreign exchange forward and option contracts:

(In crore)

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Aggregate amount of outstanding forward and option contracts  6,343 6,338
Gain on outstanding forward and option contracts 45 215
Loss on outstanding forward and option contracts 25

 

The outstanding foreign exchange forward and option contracts as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, mature within twelve months.

 

The following table analyzes foreign currency risk from financial instruments as of September 30, 2014

(In crore)

  U.S. dollars Euro United Kingdom Pound Sterling Australian dollars Other currencies Total
Cash and cash equivalents  1,118  101  142  247  408 2,016
Trade receivables  5,971  1,048  536  525  599 8,679
Unbilled revenue  1,708  423  137  159  231 2,658
Other assets  100  49  18  13  58 238
Trade payables (44) (10) (6) (6) (55) (121)
Client deposits (8) (14)  –  (1) (2) (25)
Accrued expenses (555) (158) (60) (26) (179) (978)
Employee Benefit obligations  (394)  (74)  (35)  (136)  (108) (747)
Other liabilities  (723) (110) (35) (24) (428) (1,320)
Net assets / (liabilities) 7,173 1,255 697 751 524 10,400

 

The following table analyzes foreign currency risk from financial instruments as of March 31, 2014

 (In crore)

  U.S. dollars Euro United Kingdom Pound Sterling Australian dollars Other currencies Total
Cash and cash equivalents 865 102 198 182 376 1,723
Trade receivables 5,378 1,093 610 519 449 8,049
Unbilled revenue 1,624 383 132 194 247 2,580
Other assets 72 39 15 10 52 188
Trade payables (19) (17) (8) (2) (98) (144)
Client deposits (18) (17)  –  – (5) (40)
Accrued expenses (763) (156) (61) (34) (184) (1,198)
Employee benefit obligations (382) (73) (40) (133) (98) (726)
Other liabilities  (449) (33) (3) (51) (299) (835)
Net assets / (liabilities) 6,308 1,321 843 685 440 9,597

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013, every percentage point depreciation / appreciation in the exchange rate between the Indian rupee and U.S. dollar, has affected the Company's incremental operating margins by approximately 0.54% and 0.46%, respectively.

 

For the six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013, every percentage point depreciation / appreciation in the exchange rate between the Indian rupee and U.S. dollar, has affected the Company's incremental operating margins by approximately 0.53% and 0.46%, respectively.

 

Sensitivity analysis is computed based on the changes in the income and expenses in foreign currency upon conversion into functional currency, due to exchange rate fluctuations between the previous reporting period and the current reporting period.

 

Credit risk

 

Credit risk refers to the risk of default on its obligation by the counterparty resulting in a financial loss. The maximum exposure to the credit risk at the reporting date is primarily from trade receivables amounting to 9,040 crore and 8,351 crore as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, respectively and unbilled revenue amounting to 2,948 crore and 2,811 crore as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, respectively. Trade receivables and unbilled revenue are typically unsecured and are derived from revenue earned from customers primarily located in the United States. Credit risk is managed through credit approvals, establishing credit limits and continuously monitoring the creditworthiness of customers to which the Group grants credit terms in the normal course of business.

 

The following table gives details in respect of percentage of revenues generated from top customer and top five customers:

(In %)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Revenue from top customer 3.4 3.9 3.4 3.9
Revenue from top five customers 13.6 15.0 13.7 14.9

 

Financial assets that are neither past due nor impaired

 

Cash and cash equivalents, available-for-sale financial assets and investment in certificates of deposit are neither past due nor impaired. Cash and cash equivalents include deposits with banks and corporations with high credit-ratings assigned by international and domestic credit-rating agencies. Available-for-sale financial assets include investment in liquid mutual fund units, quoted debt securities and unquoted equity securities. Certificates of deposit represent funds deposited at a bank or other eligible financial institution for a specified time period. Investment in quoted debt securities represents the investments made in debt securities issued by government and quasi government organizations. Of the total trade receivables, 6,577 crore and 6,377 crore as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, respectively, were neither past due nor impaired.

 

There is no other class of financial assets that is not past due but impaired except for trade receivables of 27 crore and 18 crore as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, respectively

 

Financial assets that are past due but not impaired

 

The Group’s credit period generally ranges from 30-60 days. The age analysis of the trade receivables have been considered from the due date. The age wise break up of trade receivables, net of allowances of 354 crore and 196 crore as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, respectively, that are past due, is given below:

(In crore)

Period (in days) As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Less than 30 1,494 1,369
31 – 60 507 252
61 – 90 226 124
More than 90 236 229
  2,463 1,974

 

The provision for doubtful trade receivables for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 was 54 crore and 33 crore and 169 crore and 71 crore, respectively. The movement in the provision for doubtful accounts receivables is as follows:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30, Year ended March 31,
  2014 2013 2014 2013 2014
Balance at the beginning 329 136 214 95 95
Translation differences 1 6 2 15 6
Provisions for doubtful accounts receivable (refer note 2.10) 54 33 169 71 138
Trade receivables written off (3) (14) (4) (20) (25)
Balance at the end 381 161 381 161 214

 

Liquidity risk

 

As of September 30, 2014, the Group had a working capital of 36,449 crore including cash and cash equivalents of 28,432 crore, current available-for-sale financial assets of 3,771 crore and investment in certificates of deposit of 103 crore. As of March 31, 2014, the Group had a working capital of 33,881 crore including cash and cash equivalents of 25,950 crore, current available-for-sale financial assets of 2,197 crore and investment in certificates of deposit 859 crore.

 

As of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, the outstanding employee benefit obligations were 1,017 crore and 954 crore, respectively, which have been substantially funded. Further, as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, the Group had no outstanding bank borrowings. Accordingly, no liquidity risk is perceived.

 

The table below provides details regarding the contractual maturities of significant financial liabilities as of September 30, 2014:

(In crore)

Particulars Less than 1 year 1-2 years 2-4 years 4-7 years Total
Trade payables  135  –  –  – 135
Client deposits  25  –  –  – 25
Other liabilities ( excluding liabilities towards acquisition and incentive accruals - Refer Note 2.9)  4,391  –  –  – 4,391
Incentive accruals on an undiscounted basis (Refer note 2.9)  –  –  11  – 11
Liability towards other acquisitions on an undiscounted basis (Refer Note 2.9)  –  421  –  – 421

 

The table below provides details regarding the contractual maturities of significant financial liabilities as of March 31, 2014:

(In crore)

Particulars Less than 1 year 1-2 years 2-4 years 4-7 years Total
Trade payables  173  –  –  – 173
Client deposits  40  –  –  – 40
Other liabilities ( excluding liabilities towards acquisition and incentive accruals - Refer Note 2.9)  3,832  –  –  – 3,832
Incentive accruals on an undiscounted basis (Refer note 2.9)  –  23  –  – 23
Liability towards other acquisitions on an undiscounted basis (Refer Note 2.9)  –  330  –  – 330

 

As of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, the group had outstanding financial guarantees of 40 crore and 37 crore, respectively, towards leased premises. These financial guarantees can be invoked upon breach of any term of the lease agreement. To the group’s knowledge there has been no breach of any term of the lease agreement as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014.

 

Offsetting of financial assets and financial liabilities:

 

The group offsets a financial asset and a financial liability when it currently has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and the group intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

 

The following table provides quantitative information about offsetting of derivative financial assets and derivative financial liabilities:

(In crore)

  As of September 30, 2014 As of March 31, 2014
  Derivative financial asset Derivative financial liability Derivative
financial
asset
Derivative financial liability
Gross amount of recognised financial asset/liability  55  (35)  215
Amount set off  (10)  10  –
Net amount presented in balance sheet  45  (25)  215

 

2.8 Provisions

 

Provisions comprise the following:

(In crore)

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Provision for post sales client support and other provisions  409 379
Provisions towards visa related matters (Refer note 2.21)
  409 379

 

Provision for post sales client support and other provisions represents cost associated with providing post sales support services which are accrued at the time of recognition of revenues and are expected to be utilized over a period of 6 months to 1 year. The movement in the provision for post sales client support and other provisions is as follows

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, 2014 Six months ended September 30, 2014
Balance at the beginning 374 379
Provision recognized/ (reversed) 51 69
Provision utilized (14) (38)
Translation difference (2) (1)
Balance at the end 409 409

 

Provision for post sales client support and other provisions for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 is included in cost of sales in the statement of comprehensive income

 

Provision towards visa related matters amounting to 219 crore (including legal costs) was created and paid during the year ended March 31, 2014.

 

As of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, claims against the company, not acknowledged as debts, net of amounts paid (excluding demands from Indian Income tax authorities- Refer note 2.16) amounted to 184 crore and 163 crore, respectively.

 

2.9 Other liabilities

 

Other liabilities comprise the following :

(In crore)

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Current    
Accrued compensation to employees  2,336 1,594
Accrued expenses  1,731 1,846
Withholding taxes payable(1)  1,129 912
Retainage  86 82
Liabilities of controlled trusts  154 151
Deferred income - government grant on land use rights(1) (Refer Note 2.6)  1 1
Premiums held in trust(2)  18 135
Accrued gratuity  6
Others  60 24
   5,521 4,745
Non-current    
Liability towards acquisition of business (Refer note 2.3)  342 255
Incentive accruals  2 23
Deferred income - government grant on land use rights(1) (Refer Note 2.6)  47 45
   391 323
   5,912 5,068
Financial liabilities included in other liabilities  4,735 4,110
Financial liability towards acquisitions on an undiscounted basis 421 330
Financial liability towards incentive accruals on an undiscounted basis 11 23

 

(1) Non financial liabilities
(2) Represents premiums collected from policyholders and payable to insurance providers by a service provider maintaining the amounts in fiduciary capacity.

 

Accrued expenses primarily relates to cost of technical sub-contractors, telecommunication charges, legal and professional charges, brand building expenses, overseas travel expenses and office maintenance. Others include unclaimed dividend balances

 

2.10 Expenses by nature

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Employee benefit costs (Refer Note 2.11.4) 7,522 7,704 14,877 14,217
Deferred purchase price pertaining to acquisition (Refer Note 2.3) 60 46 116 84
Depreciation and amortization charges (Refer Note 2.5 and 2.6) 291 333 521 652
Travelling costs 477 446 922 885
Consultancy and professional charges 91 104 137 206
Cost of Software packages for own use 180 147 405 302
Third party items bought for service delivery to clients 33 36 90 75
Communication costs 108 117 223 217
Cost of technical sub-contractors 508 527 956 1,003
Power and fuel 60 58 115 113
Office maintenance 107 99 197 184
Repairs and maintenance 51 38 110 82
Rates and taxes 32 28 57 47
Insurance charges 12 13 25 26
Commission to non-whole time directors 2 3 4 5
Branding and marketing expenses 44 37 72 70
Provision for post-sales client support 18 (7) 24 (17)
Provision for doubtful account receivables (Refer Note 2.7) 54 33 169 71
Contributions to Infosys Foundation towards CSR (Refer Note 2.20) 77 125
Operating lease payments (Refer Note 2.14) 78 81 159 157
Others (Refer note 2.21) 54 285 114 352
Total cost of sales, selling and marketing expenses and administrative expenses 9,859 10,128 19,418 18,731

 

2.10.1 Break-up of expenses

 

Cost of sales

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Employee benefit costs 6,622 6,791 13,152 12,596
Deferred purchase price pertaining to acquisition (Refer Note 2.3) 60 46 116 84
Depreciation and amortization 291 333 521 652
Travelling costs 352 368 699 727
Cost of Software packages for own use 181 146 406 299
Third party items bought for service delivery to clients 33 36 90 75
Cost of technical sub-contractors 508 527  956 1,003
Operating lease payments 54 53 109 103
Communication costs 36 42 76 77
Repairs and maintenance 23 23 60 52
Provision for post-sales client support 18 (7) 24 (17)
Others 23 26 38 52
Total 8,201 8,384 16,247 15,703

 

Selling and marketing expenses

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Employee benefit costs 624 641  1,181 1,115
Travelling costs 71 47 124 90
Branding and marketing 43 37 71 70
Operating lease payments 10 11 20 20
Communication costs 8 7 13 12
Consultancy and professional charges 6 3 9 12
Cost of Software packages for own use (1) 1 (1) 3
Others 8  10  18 19
Total 769 757  1,435 1,341

 

Administrative expenses

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Employee benefit costs 276 272 544 506
Consultancy and professional charges 85 101  128 194
Repairs and maintenance 28 15  50 30
Office maintenance 107 99  197 184
Power and fuel 60 58  115 113
Communication costs 64 68  134 128
Travelling costs 54 31  99 68
Provision for doubtful accounts receivable 54 33  169 71
Rates and taxes 32 28  57 47
Insurance charges 12 13  25 26
Operating lease payments 14 17  30 34
Commission to non-whole time directors 2 3  4 5
Contribution to Infosys Foundation towards CSR (Refer Note 2.20) 77  –  125
Others (Refer note 2.21) 24 249  59 281
Total  889  987  1,736 1,687

 

2.11 Employee benefits

 

2.11.1 Gratuity

 

The following tables set out the funded status of the gratuity plans and the amounts recognized in the Group's financial statements as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014:

(In crore)

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Change in benefit obligations    
Benefit obligations at the beginning 707 652
Service cost 48 99
Interest expense 31 47
Remeasurements - Actuarial (gains)/ losses 34 9
Benefits paid (70) (100)
Benefit obligations at the end 750 707
Change in plan assets    
Fair value of plan assets at the beginning 717 681
Interest income 33 52
Remeasurements- Return on plan assets excluding amounts included in interest income 3 8
Contributions 116 76
Benefits paid (70) (100)
Fair value of plan assets at the end 799 717
Funded status 49 10
Prepaid gratuity benefit 55 10
Accrued gratuity (6)

 

Amount for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 recognised in net profit in the statement of comprehensive income:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Service cost 24 5 48 49
Net interest on the net defined benefit liability/(asset) (1) (2) (2) (2)
Net gratuity cost 23 3 46 47

 

Amount for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 recognised in statement of other comprehensive income:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability/ (asset)        
Actuarial (gains) / losses 3 (27) 34 (31)
(Return) / loss on plan assets excluding amounts included in the net interest on the net defined benefit liability/(asset)  – (3) (3) (7)
  3 (30) 31 (38)

 

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
(Gain) / loss from change in demographic assumptions  –  –  –
(Gain) / loss from change in financial assumptions 3 (59) 18 (57)
  3 (59) 18 (57)

 

The Group has adopted Revised IAS 19 with effect from April 1, 2013. The impact on account of the revision in accounting policy is a reduction in retained earnings by 35 crore and an increase in other comprehensive income by 50 crore. The reduction in retained earnings by 35 crore includes a write back of unamortized negative past service cost by 15 crore.

 

Amounts recognised in statement of comprehensive income has been apportioned between cost of sales, selling and marketing expenses and administrative expenses on the basis of direct employee cost as follows:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Cost of sales 20 3 41 42
Selling and marketing expenses 3  – 4 3
Administrative expenses  –  – 1 2
  23 3 46 47

 

Effective July 1, 2007, the Company amended its Gratuity Plan, to suspend the voluntary defined death benefit component of the Gratuity Plan. This amendment resulted in a negative past service cost amounting to 37 crore, which was being amortized on a straight-line basis over the average remaining service period of 10 years. On adoption of Revised IAS 19, the unamortized negative past service cost of 15 crore as of March 31, 2013 has been credited to retained earnings.

 

The weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014 are set out below:

 

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Discount rate 8.7% 9.2%
Weighted average rate of increase in compensation levels 8.0% 8.0%

 

The weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 are set out below:

 

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Discount rate 9.2% 8.0% 9.2% 8.0%
Weighted average rate of increase in compensation levels 8.0% 7.3% 8.0% 7.3%
Weighted average duration of defined benefit obligation 6.4 years 9.2 years 6.4 years 9.2 years

 

Gratuity is applicable only to employees drawing a salary in Indian rupees and there are no other foreign defined benefit gratuity plans.

 

The Company contributes all ascertained liabilities towards gratuity to the Infosys Limited Employees' Gratuity Fund Trust. In case of Infosys BPO and Edgeverve, contributions are made to the Infosys BPO Employees' Gratuity Fund Trust and Edgeverve Systems Limited Employees Gratuity Fund Trust, respectively. Trustees administer contributions made to the trust. As of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, the plan assets have been primarily invested in insurer managed funds

 

Actual return on assets for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 were 16 crore and 17 crore and 36 crore and 34 crore, respectively.

 

The Company assesses these assumptions with its projected long-term plans of growth and prevalent industry standards. The discount rate is based on the government securities yield.

 

As of September 30, 2014, every percentage point increase / decrease in discount rate will affect our gratuity benefit obligation by approximately 36 crore.

 

As of September 30, 2014, every percentage point increase / decrease in weighted average rate of increase in compensation levels will affect our gratuity benefit obligation by approximately 30 crore.

 

The Group does not expect to contribute to the gratuity trusts during the remainder of fiscal 2015.

 

Maturity profile of defined benefit obligation:

(in crore)

Within 1 year 128
1-2 year 128
2-3 year 133
3-4 year 142
4-5 year 150
5-10 years 753

 

Sensitivity for significant actuarial assumptions is computed by varying the actuarial assumptions used for valuation of defined benefit obligation by one percentage.

 

Assumptions regarding future mortality experience are set in accordance with the published statistics by the Life Insurance Corporation of India.

 

2.11.2 Superannuation

 

The Company contributed 53 crore and 51 crore and 106 crore and 99 crore to the superannuation plan during the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013, respectively.

 

Superannuation contributions have been apportioned between cost of sales, selling and marketing expenses and administrative expenses on the basis of direct employee cost as follows:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Cost of sales 47 45 94 88
Selling and marketing expenses 4 5 8 8
Administrative expenses 2 1 4 3
  53 51 106 99

 

2.11.3 Provident fund

 

The Company has an obligation to fund any shortfall on the yield of the trust’s investments over the administered interest rates on an annual basis. These administered rates are determined annually predominantly considering the social rather than economic factors and in most cases the actual return earned by the Company has been higher in the past years. The Actuarial Society of India issued the final guidance for measurement of provident fund liabilities during the quarter ended December 31, 2011. The actuary has accordingly provided a valuation and based on the below provided assumptions there is no shortfall as at September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, respectively.

 

The details of fund and plan asset position are given below:

(In crore)

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Plan assets at period end, at fair value 2,873 2,817
Present value of benefit obligation at period end 2,873 2,817
Asset recognized in balance sheet  –

 

The plan assets have been primarily invested in government securities.

 

Assumptions used in determining the present value obligation of the interest rate guarantee under the Deterministic Approach:

 

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Government of India (GOI) bond yield 8.7% 9.2%
Remaining term of maturity 8 years 8 years
Expected guaranteed interest rate 8.8% 8.8%

 

The Group contributed 81 crore and 75 crore and 160 crore and 145 crore to the provident fund during the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013, respectively.

 

Provident fund contributions have been apportioned between cost of sales, selling and marketing expenses and administrative expenses on the basis of direct employee cost as follows:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Cost of sales 72 65 142 128
Selling and marketing expenses 7 7 13 12
Administrative expenses 2 3 5 5
  81 75 160 145

 

2.11.4 Employee benefit costs include:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Salaries and bonus 7,364 7,575 14,564 13,926
Defined contribution plans 66 59 128 115
Defined benefit plans 92 70 185 176
  7,522 7,704 14,877 14,217

 

The gratuity and provident plans are applicable only to employees drawing a salary in Indian rupees and there are no other foreign defined benefit plans.

 

The employee benefit cost is recognized in the following line items in the statement of comprehensive income:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Cost of sales 6,622 6,791 13,152 12,596
Selling and marketing expenses  624  641  1,181 1,115
Administrative expenses 276 272 544 506
  7,522 7,704 14,877 14,217

 

2.12 Equity

 

Share capital and share premium

 

The Company has only one class of shares referred to as equity shares having a par value of 5. The amount received in excess of the par value has been classified as share premium. Additionally, share-based compensation recognized in net profit in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income is credited to share premium. 28,33,600 shares were held by controlled trust, each as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014.

 

The Board in its meeting held on October 10, 2014 has considered and approved and recommended a bonus issue of one equity share for every equity share held, and a bonus issue, viz., a stock dividend of one American Depositary Share (ADS) for every ADS held, respectively, as on a record date to be determined. Consequently, the ratio of equity shares underlying the ADSs held by an American Depositary Receipt holder would remain unchanged.

 

The Board approved and recommended the issuance in order to increase the liquidity of its shares and to expand the retail shareholder base.

 

The bonus issue of equity shares and ADSs will be subject to approval by the shareholders, through a postal ballot, and any other applicable statutory and regulatory approvals. Accordingly, the record date for the bonus issues of equity shares and ADSs will be announced in due course.

 

Retained earnings

 

Retained earnings represent the amount of accumulated earnings of the Group.

 

Other components of equity

 

Other components of equity consist of currency translation, fair value changes on available-for-sale financial assets and remeasurement of net defined benefit liability/asset.

 

The Company’s objective when managing capital is to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern and to maintain an optimal capital structure so as to maximize shareholder value. In order to maintain or achieve an optimal capital structure, the Company may adjust the amount of dividend payment, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares or buy back issued shares. As of September 30, 2014, the Company has only one class of equity shares and has no debt. Consequent to the above capital structure there are no externally imposed capital requirements.

 

The rights of equity shareholders are set out below.

 

2.12.1 Voting

 

Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share. The equity shares represented by American Depositary Shares (ADS) carry similar rights to voting and dividends as the other equity shares. Each ADS represents one underlying equity share.

 

2.12.2 Dividends

 

The Company declares and pays dividends in Indian rupees. The remittance of dividends outside India is governed by Indian law on foreign exchange and is subject to applicable distribution taxes

 

The amount of per share dividend recognized as distributions to equity shareholders for six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 was 43.00 and 27.00, respectively.

 

The Board of Directors, in their meeting on October 10, 2014, declared an interim dividend of 30.00 per equity share, which would result in a cash outflow of approximately 2,067 crore, inclusive of corporate dividend tax.

 

2.12.3 Liquidation

 

In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of shares shall be entitled to receive any of the remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential amounts. However, no such preferential amounts exist currently, other than the amounts held by irrevocable controlled trusts. The amount distributed will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders. For irrevocable controlled trusts, the corpus would be settled in favour of the beneficiaries.

 

2.12.4 Share options

 

There are no voting, dividend or liquidation rights to the holders of options issued under the Company's share option plans.

 

2.13 Other income

 

Other income consists of the following:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Interest income on deposits and certificates of deposit 644 522  1,258 1,037
Exchange gains/ (losses) on forward and options contracts 84 (375) 160 (793)
Exchange gains/ (losses) on translation of other assets and liabilities 64 289 117 720
Income from available-for-sale financial assets 70 62 149 104
Others 15 12 22 19
  877 510  1,706 1,087

 

2.14 Operating leases

 

The Group has various operating leases, mainly for office buildings, that are renewable on a periodic basis. Rental expense for operating leases was 78 crore and 81 crore and 159 crore and 157 crore for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013, respectively.

 

The schedule of future minimum rental payments in respect of non-cancellable operating leases is set out below:

(In crore)

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Within one year of the balance sheet date 225 251
Due in a period between one year and five years 543 563
Due after five years 205 288

 

A majority of the Group’s operating lease arrangements extend up to a maximum of ten years from their respective dates of inception, and relates to rented overseas premises. Some of these lease agreements have a price escalation clause.

 

2.15 Employees' Stock Option Plans (ESOP)

 

2011 RSU Plan (the 2011 Plan): The Company has a 2011 RSU Plan which provides for the grant of restricted stock units (RSUs) to eligible employees of the Company. The Board of Directors recommended establishment of the 2011 Plan to the shareholders on August 30, 2011 and the shareholders approved the recommendation of the Board of Directors October 17, 2011 through a postal ballot. The maximum aggregate number of shares that may be awarded under the Plan is 28,33,600 shares (currently held by the Infosys Limited Employees Welfare Trust) and the plan shall continue in effect for a term of 10 years from the date of initial grant under the plan. The RSUs will be issued at par value of the equity share. The 2011 Plan is administered by the Management Development and Compensation Committee ( the Committee).The Committee is comprised of independent members of the Board of Directors.

 

During August 2014, the company granted 22,794 RSUs under the 2011 Plan .The RSUs will vest over a period of four years from the date of the grant in the proportions specified in the award agreement and expire seven days from the date of vesting. The RSUs will vest subject to achievement of certain key performance indicators as set forth in the award agreement for each applicable year of the vesting tranche and continued employment through each vesting date.

 

The fair value of each RSU is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. The expected term of an RSU is estimated based on the vesting term and contractual term of the RSU, as well as expected exercise behaviour of the employee who receives the RSU. Expected volatility during the expected term of the RSU is based on historical volatility of the observed market prices of the company's publicly traded equity shares during a period equivalent to the expected term of the RSU.

 

The weighted average fair value of RSUs on grant date was 3,355/-

 

The fair value of each RSU is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton model with the following assumptions:

 

Particulars  
Weighted average share price () 3,549
Exercise price () 5
Expected volatility (%) 30 - 37
Expected life of the option (years) 1 - 4
Expected dividends (%) 1.84
Risk-free interest rate (%) 8 - 9

 

The activity in the 2011 Plan during the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 is set out below:

 

Particulars Three months ended September 30, 2014 Six months ended September 30, 2014
  Shares arising out of options Weighted average exercise price Shares arising out of options Weighted average exercise price
2011 Plan:        
Outstanding at the beginning  –  –
Granted  22,794  5  22,794 5
Forfeited and expired
Exercised
Outstanding at the end  22,794  5  22,794 5
Exercisable at the end

 

The weighted average remaining contractual life of RSUs outstanding as of September 31, 2014 under the 2011 Plan was 2.89 years.

 

During each of the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014, the company recorded an employee compensation expense of 1 crore in the statement of comprehensive income.

 

2.16 Income taxes

 

Income tax expense in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income comprises:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Current taxes        
Domestic taxes 991 873 1,920 1,650
Overseas taxes 297 199 544 309
  1,288 1,072 2,464 1,959
Deferred taxes        
Domestic taxes 7  (18)  (11) (39)
Overseas taxes  (31)  (114)  (35) (113)
   (24)  (132)  (46) (152)
Income tax expense 1,264 940 2,418 1,807

 

Income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 includes reversals (net of provisions) of 26 crore and a provision (net of reversals) 7 crore, pertaining to earlier periods. Income tax expense for the six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 includes reversals (net of provisions) of 45 crore and 15 crore, respectively, pertaining to earlier periods.

The revision in the useful life of assets held at April 1, 2014 has resulted in a decrease in deferred tax credit by 45 crore and 87 crore for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014, respectively and will result in a decrease in deferred tax credit by 172 crore for the year ended March 31, 2015 (Refer note 2.5).

 

Entire deferred income tax for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 relates to origination and reversal of temporary differences

 

A deferred tax liability of 2 crore relating to available-for-sale financial assets has been recognized in other comprehensive income for the three months ended September 30, 2014. A deferred tax liability of 2 crore and a reversal of deferred tax asset of 12 crore has been recognized in other comprehensive income for the six months ended September 30, 2014. A reversal of deferred tax liability of 4 crore for each of the three months and six months ended September 30, 2013, relating to available-for-sale financial assets has been recognized in other comprehensive income.

 

A reconciliation of the income tax provision to the amount computed by applying the statutory income tax rate to the income before income taxes is summarized below:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Profit before income taxes 4,360 3,347 8,400 6,588
Enacted tax rates in India 33.99% 33.99% 33.99% 33.99%
Computed expected tax expense  1,482  1,137  2,855 2,239
Tax effect due to non-taxable income for Indian tax purposes (423) (421) (810) (750)
Branch profit tax  – (47)  – (47)
Overseas taxes 208 162 384 272
Tax reversals, overseas and domestic (26) 7 (45) (15)
Effect of exempt income (25) (22) (53) (37)
Effect of unrecognized deferred tax assets  – 6 20 23
Effect of differential overseas tax rates (7) (4) (13) (7)
Effect of non-deductible expenses 74 145 109 172
Additional deduction on research and development expense (14) (23) (29) (45)
Others (5)  –  – 2
Income tax expense 1,264 940 2,418 1,807

 

The applicable Indian statutory tax rates for fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2014 is 33.99%.

 

During the six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013, the company received weighted tax deduction on eligible research and development expenditures based on the approval received from Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) on November 23, 2011 which has been renewed up to March 31, 2017 with effect from April 1, 2014. The weighted tax deduction is equal to 200% of such expenditures incurred.

 

The foreign tax expense is due to income taxes payable overseas, principally in the United States of America. In India, the company has benefited from certain tax incentives that the Government of India had provided to the export of software from specially designated software technology parks, or STPs, in India and the company continues to benefit from certain tax incentives for facilities set up under the Special Economic Zones Act, 2005. However, the tax incentives provided by the Government of India for STPs have expired, and all the STP units are now taxable. Under the Special Economic Zones Act, 2005 scheme, units in designated special economic zones which begin providing services on or after April 1, 2005 are eligible for a deduction of 100 percent of profits or gains derived from the export of services for the first five years from commencement of provision of services and 50 percent of such profits or gains for a further five years. Certain tax benefits are also available for a further period of five years subject to the unit meeting defined conditions.

 

Infosys is subject to a 15% Branch Profit Tax (BPT) in the U.S. to the extent its U.S. branch's net profit during the year is greater than the increase in the net assets of the U.S. branch during the year, computed in accordance with the Internal Revenue Code. As of March 31, 2014, Infosys' U.S. branch net assets amounted to approximately 4,283 crore. As of September 30, 2014, the Company has provided for branch profit tax of 312 crore for its U.S branch, as the Company estimates that these branch profits are expected to be distributed in the foreseeable future. The change in provision for branch profit tax includes 9 crore movement on account of exchange rate during the six months ended September 30, 2014

 

Deferred income tax liabilities have not been recognized on temporary differences amounting to 2,901 crore and 2,587 crore as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, respectively, associated with investments in subsidiaries and branches as it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

 

The following table provides the details of income tax assets and income tax liabilities as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014:

 

  As at
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Income tax assets 1,530 1,522
Current income tax liabilities  2,679 2,187
Net current income tax asset/ (liability) at the end  (1,149) (665)

 

The gross movement in the current income tax asset/ (liability) for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 is as follows:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Net current income tax asset/ (liability) at the beginning  (1,141)  (603)  (665) (237)
Translation differences  (5) 5  5 7
Income tax paid 1,285 1,148 1,967 1,667
Current income tax expense (Refer Note 2.16)  (1,288)  (1,072)  (2,464) (1,959)
Income tax on other comprehensive income  –  – 8
Net current income tax asset/ (liability) at the end  (1,149)  (522)  (1,149) (522)

 

The tax effects of significant temporary differences that resulted in deferred income tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

(In crore)

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Deferred income tax assets    
Property, plant and equipment 314 392
Minimum alternate tax credit carry-forwards 7 16
Computer software 54 50
Accrued compensation to employees 56 43
Trade receivables 114 47
Compensated absences 283 268
Accumulated losses 9 4
Available-for-sale financial asset  – 12
Post sales client support 109 98
Others 44 34
Total deferred income tax assets 990 964
Deferred income tax liabilities    
Intangible asset (56) (63)
Temporary difference related to branch profits (312) (303)
Available-for-sale financial asset (3) (1)
Others (9) (5)
Total deferred income tax liabilities (380) (372)
Deferred income tax assets after set off 666 656
Deferred income tax liabilities after set off (56) (64)

 

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities have been offset wherever the Group has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and where the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority.

 

The deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities recoverable within and after 12 months are as follows:

(In crore)

  As of
  September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Deferred income tax assets to be recovered after 12 months 382 636
Deferred income tax assets to be recovered within 12 months 608 328
Total deferred income tax assets 990 964
Deferred income tax liabilities to be settled after 12 months (247) (281)
Deferred income tax liabilities to be settled within 12 months (133) (91)
Total deferred income tax liabilities (380) (372)

 

In assessing the realizability of deferred income tax assets, management considers whether some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which the temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversals of deferred income tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based on the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred income tax assets are deductible, management believes that the Group will realize the benefits of those deductible differences. The amount of the deferred income tax assets considered realizable, however, could be reduced in the near term if estimates of future taxable income during the carry forward period are reduced.

 

The gross movement in the deferred income tax account for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 is as follows:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Net deferred income tax asset at the beginning  595  374  592 384
Translation differences (7) (25) (14) (55)
Credits relating to temporary differences (Refer Note 2.16) 24 132 46 152
Temporary difference on available-for-sale financial asset  (2)  4  (14) 4
Net deferred income tax asset at the end 610 485 610 485

 

The credits relating to temporary differences during the six months ended September 30, 2014 are primarily on account of compensated absences, trade receivables, accrued compensation and post sales client support. The credits relating to temporary differences during the six months ended September 30, 2013 are primarily on account compensated absences, trade receivables, accumulated losses, accrued compensation to employees and property, plant and equipment.

 

Pursuant to the enacted changes in the Indian Income Tax Laws effective April 1, 2007, a Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) has been extended to income in respect of which a deduction may be claimed under sections 10A and 10AA of the Income Tax Act. Consequent to the enacted change, Infosys BPO has calculated its tax liability for current domestic taxes after considering MAT. The excess tax paid under MAT provisions being over and above regular tax liability can be carried forward and set off against future tax liabilities computed under regular tax provisions. Infosys BPO was required to pay MAT, and, accordingly, a deferred income tax asset of 7 crore and 16 crore has been recognized on the balance sheet as of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, respectively, which can be carried forward for a period of ten years from the year of recognition.

 

As of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, claims against the group not acknowledged as debts from the Indian Income tax authorities (net of amount paid to statutory authorities of 1,714 crore and 1,716 crore) amounted to 9 crore and 19 crore, respectively.

 

Demands from the Indian Income tax authorities include payment of additional tax of 1,548 crore (1,548 crore), including interest of 430 crore (430 crore) upon completion of their tax review for fiscal 2006, fiscal 2007, fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2009. These income tax demands are mainly on account of disallowance of a portion of the deduction claimed by the company under Section 10A of the Income Tax Act. The deductible amount is determined by the ratio of export turnover to total turnover. The disallowance arose from certain expenses incurred in foreign currency being reduced from export turnover but not reduced from total turnover. The tax demand for fiscal 2007, fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2009 also includes disallowance of portion of profit earned outside India from the STP units and disallowance of profits earned from SEZ units. The matter for fiscal 2006, fiscal 2007, fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2009 are pending before the Commissioner of Income tax(Appeals), Bangalore. The company is contesting the demand and the management including its tax advisors believes that its position will likely be upheld in the appellate process. The management believes that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position and results of operations.

 

2.17 Earnings per equity share

 

The following is a reconciliation of the equity shares used in the computation of basic and diluted earnings per equity share:

 

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Basic earnings per equity share - weighted average number of equity shares outstanding (1) 57,14,02,566 57,14,02,566 57,14,02,566 57,14,02,566
Effect of dilutive common equivalent shares - share options outstanding  1,462  –  731
Diluted earnings per equity share - weighted average number of equity shares and common equivalent shares outstanding 57,14,04,028 57,14,02,566 57,14,03,297 57,14,02,566

 

(1)Excludes treasury shares

 

For the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014, and September 30, 2013, there were no outstanding options to purchase equity shares which had an anti-dilutive effect.

 

2.18 Related party transactions

 

List of subsidiaries:

 

Particulars Country Holding as of
September 30, 2014 March 31, 2014
Infosys BPO India 99.98% 99.98%
Infosys China China 100% 100%
Infosys Mexico Mexico 100% 100%
Infosys Sweden Sweden 100% 100%
Infosys Shanghai China 100% 100%
Infosys Brasil Brazil 100% 100%
Infosys Public Services, Inc. U.S. 100% 100%
Infosys Consulting India Limited (1) India  –
Infosys Americas (2) U.S. 100% 100%
Infosys BPO s. r. o (3) Czech Republic 99.98% 99.98%
Infosys BPO (Poland) Sp Z.o.o (3) Poland 99.98% 99.98%
Infosys BPO S.DE R.L. DE.C.V (3)(12) Mexico
Infosys McCamish Systems LLC (3) U.S. 99.98% 99.98%
Portland Group Pty Ltd(3)(4) Australia 99.98% 99.98%
Portland Procurement Services Pty Ltd(8) Australia 99.98%
Infosys Australia (5) Australia 100% 100%
Edgeverve Systems Limited (11) India 100% 100%
Lodestone Holding AG (Refer to Note 2.3) Switzerland 100% 100%
Lodestone Management Consultants (Canada) Inc. (6)(10) Canada
Lodestone Management Consultants Inc. (6) U.S. 100% 100%
Lodestone Management Consultants Pty Limited (6) Australia 100% 100%
Lodestone Management Consultants AG (6) Switzerland 100% 100%
Lodestone Augmentis AG (9) Switzerland 100% 100%
Hafner Bauer & Ödman GmbH (6) Switzerland 100% 100%
Lodestone Management Consultants (Belgium) S.A. (7) Belgium 99.90% 99.90%
Lodestone Management Consultants GmbH (6) Germany 100% 100%
Lodestone Management Consultants Pte Ltd. (6) Singapore 100% 100%
Lodestone Management Consultants SAS (6) France 100% 100%
Lodestone Management Consultants s.r.o. (6) Czech Republic 100% 100%
Lodestone Management Consultants GmbH (6) Austria 100% 100%
Lodestone Management Consultants Co., Ltd. (6) China 100% 100%
Lodestone Management Consultants Ltd. (6) UK 100% 100%
Lodestone Management Consultants B.V. (6) Netherlands 100% 100%
Lodestone Management Consultants Ltda. (7) Brazil 99.99% 99.99%
Lodestone Management Consultants Sp. z.o.o. (6) Poland 100% 100%
Lodestone Management Consultants Portugal, Unipessoal, Lda. (6) Portugal 100% 100%
S.C. Lodestone Management Consultants S.R.L. (6) Romania 100% 100%
Lodestone Management Consultants S.R.L. (6) Argentina 100% 100%

  

(1) The Hon’ble High Court of Karnataka sanctioned the scheme of amalgamation of Infosys Consulting India Limited (ICIL) with Infosys Limited with an effective date of August 23, 2013 and an appointed date of January 12, 2012.
(2) Incorporated effective June 25, 2013
(3) Wholly owned subsidiaries of Infosys BPO.
(4) On January 4, 2012, Infosys BPO acquired 100% of the voting interest in Portland Group Pty Ltd
(5) Under liquidation
(6) Wholly owned subsidiaries of Lodestone Holding AG
(7) Majority owned and controlled subsidiaries of Lodestone Holding AG
(8) Wholly owned subsidiary of Portland Group Pty Ltd. Liquidated effective May 14, 2014
(9) Wholly owned subsidiary of Lodestone Management Consultants AG
(10) Liquidated effective December 31, 2013
(11) Incorporated effective February 14, 2014. Refer note below
(12) Incorporated effective February 14, 2014.

 

Infosys has provided guarantee for performance of certain contracts entered into by its subsidiaries.

 

List of other related parties:

 

Particulars Country Nature of relationship
Infosys Limited Employees' Gratuity Fund Trust India Post-employment benefit plan of Infosys
Infosys Limited Employees' Provident Fund Trust India Post-employment benefit plan of Infosys
Infosys Limited Employees' Superannuation Fund Trust India Post-employment benefit plan of Infosys
Infosys BPO Limited Employees’ Superannuation Fund Trust India Post-employment benefit plan of Infosys BPO
Infosys BPO Limited Employees’ Gratuity Fund Trust India Post-employment benefit plan of Infosys BPO
Edgeverve Systems Limited Employees’ Gratuity Fund Trust India Post-employment benefit plan of Edgeverve
Edgeverve Systems Limited Employees’ Superannuation Fund Trust India Post-employment benefit plan of Edgeverve
Infosys Limited Employees’ Welfare Trust India Controlled trust
Infosys Science Foundation India Controlled trust

 

Refer Note 2.11 for information on transactions with post-employment benefit plans mentioned above.

 

Edgeverve

 

Edgeverve was created as a wholly owned subsidiary to focus on developing and selling products and platforms. On April 15, 2014, the Board of Directors of Infosys had authorized the Company to execute a Business Transfer Agreement and related documents with Edgeverve, subject to securing the requisite approval from shareholders in the Annual General Meeting. Subsequently, at the AGM held on June 14, 2014, the shareholders have authorised the Board to enter into a Business Transfer Agreement and related documents with Edgeverve, with effect from July 1, 2014 or such other date as may be decided by the Board of Directors. The company has undertaken an enterprise valuation by an independent valuer and accordingly the business has been transferred for a consideration of $70 million (approximately 421 crore) with effect from July 1, 2014 which is settled through the issue of fully paid up equity shares.

 

The transfer of assets and liabilities is accounted for at carrying values and does not have any impact on the consolidated financial statements.

 

Transactions with key management personnel

 

The table below describes the compensation to key management personnel which comprise directors and members of the executive council:

(In crore)

  Three months ended September 30, Six months ended September 30,
  2014 2013 2014 2013
Salaries and other employee benefits to whole-time directors and members of executive council* 3 15 14 22
Commission and other benefits to non-executive/independent directors 2 3 5 6
Total 5 18 19 28

 

*Executive Council dissolved effective April 1, 2014 and Executive officers have been appointed with effect from that date.

 

2.19 Segment reporting

 

IFRS 8 establishes standards for the way that public business enterprises report information about operating segments and related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. The Company's operations predominantly relate to providing end-to-end business solutions to enable clients to enhance business performance. Effective quarter ended March 31, 2014, the Company reorganized its segments to strengthen its focus on growing existing client relationships and increasing market share through service differentiation and operational agility. Consequent to the internal reorganization, there were changes effected in the reportable business segments based on the "management approach" as defined in IFRS 8, Operating Segments. The Chief Operating Decision Maker evaluates the Company's performance and allocates resources based on an analysis of various performance indicators by business segments and geographic segments. Accordingly, information has been presented both along business segments and geographic segments. The accounting principles used in the preparation of the financial statements are consistently applied to record revenue and expenditure in individual segments, and are as set out in the significant accounting policies.

 

Business segments of the company is determined based on (i) industry class of the customers (outside of the growth markets) and; (ii) presence of customers in growth markets across industry classes. Business segments of the Company are primarily enterprises in Financial Services and Insurance (FSI) , enterprises in Manufacturing (MFG), enterprises in the Energy & utilities, Communication and Services (ECS), enterprises in Retail, Consumer packaged goods and logistics (RCL), enterprises in Life Sciences and Healthcare (LSH) and enterprises in Growth Markets (GMU) comprising enterprises in APAC (Asia Pacific) and Africa. The FSI reportable segments has been aggregated to include the Financial Services operating segment and Insurance operating segment and the ECS reportable segment has been aggregated to include Energy, Communication and Services operating segment and, Resources & Utilities operating segments. Geographic segmentation is based on business sourced from that geographic region and delivered from both on-site and off-shore. North America comprises the United States of America, Canada and Mexico, Europe includes continental Europe (both the east and the west), Ireland and the United Kingdom, and the Rest of the World comprising all other places except those mentioned above and India. Consequent to the above change in the composition of reportable business segments, the prior year comparatives have been restated.

 

Revenue and identifiable operating expenses in relation to segments are categorized based on items that are individually identifiable to that segment. Allocated expenses of segments include expenses incurred for rendering services from the Company's offshore software development centres and on-site expenses, which are categorized in relation to the associated turnover of the segment. Certain expenses such as depreciation, which form a significant component of total expenses, are not specifically allocable to specific segments as the underlying assets are used interchangeably. Management believes that it is not practical to provide segment disclosures relating to those costs and expenses, and accordingly these expenses are separately disclosed as "unallocated" and adjusted against the total income of the Company.

 

Assets and liabilities used in the Company's business are not identified to any of the reportable segments, as these are used interchangeably between segments. Management believes that it is currently not practicable to provide segment disclosures relating to total assets and liabilities since a meaningful segregation of the available data is onerous.

 

Geographical information on revenue and business segment revenue information is collated based on individual customers invoiced or in relation to which the revenue is otherwise recognized.

 

2.19.1 Business segments

 

Three months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013

(In crore)

Particulars FSI MFG ECS RCL LSH GMU Total
Revenues  3,818  2,918  2,202  2,191  873  1,340 13,342
   3,801  2,835  2,064  2,145  868  1,252 12,965
Identifiable operating expenses  1,814  1,472  1,028  996  445  644 6,399
   1,759  1,475  890  1,043  480  620 6,267
Allocated expenses  880  702  528  527  210  322 3,169
   1,008  800  581  604  245  290 3,528
Segment profit  1,124  744  646  668  218  374 3,774
   1,034  560  593  498  143  342 3,170
Unallocable expenses             291
              333
Operating profit             3,483
              2,837
Other income, net             877
              510
Profit before income taxes             4,360
              3,347
Income tax expense             1,264
              940
Net profit             3,096
              2,407
Depreciation and amortization             291
              333
Non-cash expenses other than depreciation and amortization            
             

 

Six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013

(In crore)

Particulars FSI MFG ECS RCL LSH GMU Total
Revenues  7,513  5,692  4,222  4,342  1,697  2,646 26,112
   7,135  5,235  3,808  4,009  1,658  2,387 24,232
Identifiable operating expenses  3,600  2,914  2,084  1,984  897  1,282 12,761
   3,288  2,708  1,696  1,961  868  1,137 11,658
Allocated expenses  1,711  1,355  1,004  1,033  404  629 6,136
   1,833  1,426  1,035  1,090  450  586 6,420
Segment profit  2,202  1,423  1,134  1,325  396  735 7,215
   2,014  1,101  1,077  958  340  664 6,154
Unallocable expenses             521
              653
Operating profit             6,694
              5,501
Other income, net             1,706
              1,087
Profit before income taxes             8,400
              6,588
Income tax expense             2,418
              1,807
Net profit             5,982
              4,781
Depreciation and amortization             521
              652
Non-cash expenses other than depreciation and amortization            
              1

 

2.19.2 Geographic segments

 

Three months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013

(In crore)

Particulars North America Europe India Rest of the World Total
Revenues 8,110 3,295 297 1,640 13,342
  7,974 3,104 317 1,570 12,965
Identifiable operating expenses 3,918 1,567 156 758 6,399
  3,905 1,479 129 754 6,267
Allocated expenses 1,950 789 62 368 3,169
  2,292 801 67 368 3,528
Segment profit 2,242 939 79 514 3,774
  1,777 824 121 448 3,170
Unallocable expenses         291
          333
Operating profit         3,483
          2,837
Other income, net         877
          510
Profit before income taxes         4,360
          3,347
Income tax expense         1,264
          940
Net profit         3,096
          2,407
Depreciation and amortization         291
          333
Non-cash expenses other than depreciation and amortization        
         

 

Six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013

(In crore)

Particulars North America Europe India Rest of the World Total
Revenues 15,874 6,416 605 3,217 26,112
  14,894 5,766 612 2,960 24,232
Identifiable operating expenses 7,692  3,159 406 1,504 12,761
  7,245  2,779 264  1,370 11,658
Allocated expenses 3,775  1,520 124 717 6,136
  4,095  1,491 130 704 6,420
Segment profit 4,407 1,737 75 996 7,215
  3,554 1,496 218 886 6,154
Unallocable expenses         521
          653
Operating profit         6,694
          5,501
Other income, net         1,706
          1,087
Profit before income taxes         8,400
          6,588
Income tax expense         2,418
          1,807
Net profit         5,982
          4,781
Depreciation and amortization         521
          652
Non-cash expenses other than depreciation and amortization        
          1

 

2.19.3 Significant clients

 

No client individually accounted for more than 10% of the revenues in the three months and six months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013.

 

2.20 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

 

As per Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013, a CSR committee has been formed by the company. The proposed areas for CSR activities are, eradication of hunger, poverty and malnutrition, promoting education and healthcare and rural development projects. The funds will be allocated to a corpus and utilised through the year on these activities which are specified in Schedule VII of the Companies Act, 2013.

 

2.21 Litigation

 

On May 23, 2011, the company received a subpoena from a grand jury in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas. The subpoena required that the company provide to the grand jury certain documents and records related to its sponsorships for, and uses of, B1 business visas.

 

In addition, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (“DHS”) has reviewed the company’s employer eligibility verifications on Form I-9 with respect to its employees working in the United States. In connection with this review, the company was advised that the DHS has found errors in a significant percentage of its Forms I-9 that the DHS has reviewed, and may impose fines and penalties on the company related to such alleged errors.

 

On October 30, 2013, the company settled the foregoing matters and entered into a Settlement Agreement (“Settlement Agreement”) with the U.S. Attorney, the DHS and the United States Department of State (“State,” and collectively with the U.S. Attorney and the DHS, the “United States”).

 

In the Settlement Agreement, the company denied and disputed all allegations made by the United States, except for the allegation that the company failed to maintain accurate Forms I-9 records for many of its foreign nationals in the United States in 2010 and 2011 as required by law, and that such failure constituted civil violations of certain laws.

 

During the year ended March 31, 2014 the Company recorded a charge related to the settlement agreement (including legal costs) of 219 crore related to the matters that were the subject of the Settlement agreement. The said amount was paid prior to December 31, 2013.

 

In addition, the company is subject to legal proceedings and claims, which have arisen in the ordinary course of business. The company’s management does not reasonably expect that these legal actions, when ultimately concluded and determined, will have a material and adverse effect on the company’s results of operations or financial condition.

 

 

  

Auditor’s Report on Consolidated Quarterly Financial Results and Year to Date Financial Results of Infosys Limited Pursuant to the Clause 41 of the Listing Agreement

 

To

The Board of Directors of Infosys Limited

 

We have audited the consolidated quarterly financial results of Infosys Limited (‘the Company’) for the quarter ended 30 September 2014 and the consolidated year to date financial results for the period from 1 April 2014 to 30 September 2014 attached herewith, being submitted by the Company pursuant to the requirement of Clause 41 of the Listing Agreement, except for the disclosures regarding ‘Public Shareholding’ and ‘Promoter and Promoter Group Shareholding’ which have been traced from disclosures made by the Management and have not been audited by us. These consolidated quarterly financial results and year to date financial results have been prepared from consolidated interim financial statements, which are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial results based on our audit of such consolidated interim financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with the recognition and measurement principles laid down in International Accounting Standard (IAS) 34, Interim Financial Reporting, as issued by the International Accounting Standard Board.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in India. Those Standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial results are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts disclosed as financial results. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, these consolidated quarterly and year to date financial results:

 

(i)include the quarterly and year to date financial results of the following entities:
1.Infosys Limited;
2.Infosys BPO Limited;
3.Infosys BPO s.r.o;
4.Infosys Tecnologia Do Brasil LTDA;
5.Infosys BPO, S de R.L. de C.V.
6.Infosys Technologies (Australia) Pty. Limited;
7.Infosys Technologies (China) Co., Ltd.;
8.Infosys McCamish Systems, LLC;
9.Infosys Public Services, Inc.;
10.Infosys Technologies S. de R.L. de C.V.;
11.Infosys Technologies (Sweden) AB;
12.Infosys BPO Poland SP Z O O;
13.Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Co., Ltd;
14.Infosys Americas Inc.;
15.Portland Group Pty Ltd;
16.Portland Procurement Services Pty Ltd;
17.Edgeverve Systems Limited;
18.Lodestone Holding AG;
19.Lodestone Management Consultants Inc.;
20.Lodestone Management Consultants Pty Limited;
21.Lodestone Management Consultants AG;
22.Lodestone Augmentis AG;
23.Hafner Bauer & Ödman GmbH;
24.Lodestone Management Consultants (Belgium) NV;
25.Lodestone Management Consultants GmbH, Austria;
26.Lodestone Management Consultants Ltd.;
27.Lodestone Management Consultants B.V.;
28.Lodestone Management Consultants Ltda.;
29.Lodestone Management Consultants Sp. z.o.o.;
30.Lodestone Management Consultants Portugal, Unipessoal, Lda.;
31.Lodestone Management Consultants S.R.L..;
32.Lodestone Management Consultants Pte. Ltd.;
33.Lodestone Management Consultants SAS;
34.Lodestone Management Consultants s.r.o.;
35.Lodestone Management Consultants GmbH, (Germany);
36.S.C.Lodestone Management Consultants S.R.L.; and
37.Lodestone Management Consultants Co. Ltd
38.Infosys Limited Employees' Welfare Trust; and
39.Infosys Science Foundation

 

(ii)have been presented in accordance with the requirements of Clause 41 of the Listing Agreement in this regard; and
(iii)give a true and fair view of the consolidated net profit and other financial information for the quarter ended 30 September 2014 as well as the consolidated year to date results for the period from 1 April 2014 to 30 September 2014.

 

Further, we also report that we have, on the basis of the books of account and other records and information and explanations given to us by the management, also verified the consolidated number of shares as well as percentage of shareholdings in respect of aggregate amount of consolidated public shareholdings, as furnished by the Company in terms of Clause 35 of the Listing Agreement and found the same to be correct.

 

for B S R & Co. LLP
Chartered Accountants
Firm’s registration number: 101248W/ W-100022

 

 

 

Akhil Bansal
Partner
Membership number: 090906

Bangalore

10 October 2014