EX-99.12 TAX OPINION 13 exv99w12.htm STANDALONE exv99w12.htm
Exhibit 99.12
Indian GAAP Standalone


 
Independent Auditor’s Report To the Board of Directors of Infosys Limited
 
(formerly Infosys Technologies Limited)
 
 
Report on the Financial Statements
 
We have audited the accompanying financial statements of Infosys Limited (“the Company”), which comprise the Balance Sheet as at September 30, 2011, the Statement of Profit and Loss of the Company for the quarter and six months then ended, the Cash Flow Statement of the Company for the six months then ended and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information.
 
Management’s Responsibility for the Financial Statements
 
Management is responsible for the preparation of these financial statements that give a true and fair view of the financial position, financial performance and cash flows of the Company in accordance with the Accounting Standards referred to in sub-section (3C) of section 211 of the Companies Act, 1956 (“the Act”). This responsibility includes the design, implementation and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and presentation of the financial statements that give a true and fair view and are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
 
Auditor’s Responsibility
 
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the Standards on Auditing issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. Those Standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.
 
An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the Company’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of the accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.
 
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
 
Opinion
 
In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, the financial statements give the information required by the Act in the manner so required and give a true and fair view in conformity with the accounting principles generally accepted in India:
 
   (i)  
in the case of the Balance Sheet, of the state of affairs of the Company as at September 30, 2011;
 
   (ii)  
in the case of the Statement of Profit and Loss, of the profit for the quarter and six months ended on that date; and
 
   (iii)  
in the case of the Cash Flow Statement, of the cash flows for the six months ended on that date.
 
Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
 
As required by section 227(3) of the Act, we report that:
 
   a.  
we have obtained all the information and explanations which to the best of our knowledge and belief were necessary for the purpose of our audit;
 
   b.  
in our opinion proper books of account as required by law have been kept by the Company so far as appears from our examination of those books;
 
   c.  
the Balance Sheet, Statement of Profit and Loss and Cash Flow Statement dealt with by this Report are in agreement with the books of account; and
 
   d.  
in our opinion, the Balance Sheet, Statement of Profit and Loss and Cash Flow Statement comply with the Accounting Standards referred to in subsection (3C) of section 211 of the Companies Act, 1956.
 
 
for B S R & Co.
Chartered Accountants
Firm’s Registration Number: 101248W
 
Natrajh Ramakrishna
Partner
Membership Number: 32815
 
Bangalore
October 12, 2011
 

 
 
INFOSYS LIMITED
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Balance Sheet as at
Note
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
     
SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS
     
Share capital
2.1
 287
 287
Reserves and surplus
2.2
 26,692
 24,214
   
 26,979
 24,501
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
     
Deferred tax liabilities (net)
2.3
 193
 176
Other long-term liabilities
2.4
 24
 25
Long-term provisions
2.5
 303
 235
   
 520
 436
CURRENT LIABILITIES
     
Trade payables
2.6
 91
 85
Other current liabilities
2.7
 2,247
 1,770
Short-term provisions
2.8
 2,183
 2,238
   
 4,521
 4,093
   
 32,020
 29,030
ASSETS
     
NON-CURRENT ASSETS
     
Fixed assets
     
Tangible assets
2.9
 3,968
 4,056
Intangible assets
2.9
 
 
Capital work-in-progress
 
 393
 249
   
 4,361
 4,305
Non-current investments
2.11
 1,264
 1,206
Deferred tax assets (net)
2.3
 443
 406
Long-term loans and advances
2.12
 1,350
 1,244
Other non-current assets
2.13
 422
 344
   
 7,840
 7,505
CURRENT ASSETS
     
Current investments
2.11
 24
 119
Trade receivables
2.14
 4,985
 4,212
Cash and cash equivalents
2.15
 16,918
 15,165
Short-term loans and advances
2.16
 2,253
 2,029
   
 24,180
 21,525
   
 32,020
 29,030
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND NOTES ON ACCOUNTS
1 & 2
   

As per our report attached
for B S R & Co.
Chartered Accountants
Firm's Registration Number:101248W
 
Natrajh Ramakrishna
Partner
Membership No. 32815
K. V. Kamath
Chairman
S. Gopalakrishnan
Executive Co-Chairman
S. D. Shibulal
Chief Executive Officer and
Managing Director
Deepak M. Satwalekar
Director
         
 
Dr. Omkar Goswami
Director
Sridar A. Iyengar
Director
David L. Boyles
Director
Prof. Jeffrey S. Lehman
Director
         
 
R.Seshasayee
Director
Srinath Batni
Director
V. Balakrishnan
Chief Financial Officer
and Director
B. G. Srinivas
Director
         
Bangalore
October 12, 2011
Ashok Vemuri
Director
K. Parvatheesam
Company Secretary
   
 
 
 
INFOSYS LIMITED
in Rupee-symbolcrore, except per share data
Statement of Profit and Loss for the
Note
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
   
 2011
2010
 2011
2010
Income from software services and products
2.17
 7,470
 6,425
 14,375
 12,183
Other income
2.18
 383
 248
 798
 485
Total revenue
 
 7,853
 6,673
 15,173
 12,668
Expenses
         
Employee benefit expenses
2.19
 3,713
 3,092
 7,247
 5,951
Cost of technical sub-contractors
2.19
 617
 542
 1,170
 994
Travel expenses
2.19
 243
 209
 455
 418
Cost of software packages
2.19
 138
 103
 280
 188
Communication expenses
2.19
 49
 44
 92
 83
Professional charges
 
 115
 65
 189
 124
Depreciation and amortisation expense
2.9
 201
 187
 392
 367
Other expenses
2.19
 236
 194
 509
 387
Total expenses
 
 5,312
 4,436
 10,334
 8,512
PROFIT BEFORE TAX
 
 2,541
 2,237
 4,839
 4,156
Tax expense:
         
Current tax
2.20
 757
 625
 1,400
 1,167
Deferred tax
2.20
 (38)
 (29)
 (37)
 (83)
PROFIT FOR THE PERIOD
 
 1,822
 1,641
 3,476
 3,072
EARNINGS PER EQUITY SHARE
         
Equity shares of par value rupee-symbol 5/- each
         
Basic
 
 31.73
28.59
 60.54
53.52
Diluted
 
 31.73
28.58
 60.53
53.50
Number of shares used in computing earnings per share
2.32
       
Basic
 
 57,41,92,822
57,39,64,967
57,41,79,961
57,39,17,317
Diluted
 
 57,42,26,524
57,41,92,417
57,42,27,991
57,41,79,295
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND NOTES ON ACCOUNTS
1 & 2
       

As per our report attached
for B S R & Co.
Chartered Accountants
Firm's Registration Number:101248W
 
Natrajh Ramakrishna
Partner
Membership No. 32815
K. V. Kamath
Chairman
S. Gopalakrishnan
Executive Co-Chairman
S. D. Shibulal
Chief Executive Officer and
Managing Director
Deepak M. Satwalekar
Director
         
 
Dr. Omkar Goswami
Director
Sridar A. Iyengar
Director
David L. Boyles
Director
Prof. Jeffrey S. Lehman
Director
         
 
R.Seshasayee
Director
Srinath Batni
Director
V. Balakrishnan
Chief Financial Officer
and Director
B. G. Srinivas
Director
         
Bangalore
October 12, 2011
Ashok Vemuri
Director
K. Parvatheesam
Company Secretary
   
 
 
 
INFOSYS LIMITED
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Cash Flow Statement for the
Note
Half-year ended September 30,
   
 2011
2010
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
     
Profit before tax
 
 4,839
 4,156
Adjustments to reconcile profit before tax to cash provided by operating activities
     
Depreciation and amortisation expense
 
 392
 367
Interest and dividend income
 
 (749)
 (486)
Effect of exchange differences on translation of foreign currency cash and cash equivalents
 
 (6)
 (5)
Effect of exchange difference on loans given to subsidiary
2.34.8
 (3)
 
Effect of exchange difference on deferred tax liability
2.34.3
 17
 
Changes in assets and liabilities
     
Trade receivables
 
 (773)
 (604)
Loans and advances and other assets
2.34.1
 (295)
 (403)
Liabilities and provisions
2.34.2
 567
 323
   
 3,989
 3,348
Income taxes paid
2.34.3
 (1,150)
 (974)
NET CASH GENERATED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 2,839
 2,374
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
   
 
Payment towards capital expenditure
2.34.4
 (541)
 (461)
Investments in subsidiaries
2.34.5
 (58)
 (42)
Disposal of other investments
2.34.6
 95
 1,606
Interest and dividend received
2.34.7
 745
 432
NET CASH PROVIDED BY/(USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 241
 1,535
       
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
     
Proceeds from issuance of share capital on exercise of stock options
 
 4
 12
Dividends paid including residual dividend
 
 (1,150)
 (861)
Dividend tax paid
 
 (187)
 (143)
NET CASH USED IN FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 (1,333)
 (992)
Effect of exchange differences on translation of foreign currency cash and cash equivalents
 
 6
 5
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
 
 1,753
 2,922
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE PERIOD
 
 15,165
 11,297
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE END OF THE PERIOD
2.34.9
 16,918
 14,219
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND NOTES ON ACCOUNTS
1 & 2
   

As per our report attached
for B S R & Co.
Chartered Accountants
Firm's Registration Number:101248W
 
Natrajh Ramakrishna
Partner
Membership No. 32815
K. V. Kamath
Chairman
S. Gopalakrishnan
Executive Co-Chairman
S. D. Shibulal
Chief Executive Officer and
Managing Director
Deepak M. Satwalekar
Director
         
 
Dr. Omkar Goswami
Director
Sridar A. Iyengar
Director
David L. Boyles
Director
Prof. Jeffrey S. Lehman
Director
         
 
R.Seshasayee
Director
Srinath Batni
Director
V. Balakrishnan
Chief Financial Officer
and Director
B. G. Srinivas
Director
         
Bangalore
October 12, 2011
Ashok Vemuri
Director
K. Parvatheesam
Company Secretary
   
 
 
Significant accounting policies and notes on accounts
 
Company overview
 
Infosys Limited ('Infosys' or 'the Company') along with its majority-owned and controlled subsidiary, Infosys BPO Limited ('Infosys BPO') and wholly-owned and controlled subsidiaries, Infosys Technologies (Australia) Pty. Limited ('Infosys Australia'), Infosys Technologies (China) Co. Limited ('Infosys China'), Infosys Consulting Inc. ('Infosys Consulting'), Infosys Technologies S. de R. L. de C. V. ('Infosys Mexico'), Infosys Technologies (Sweden) AB. ('Infosys Sweden'), Infosys Tecnologia DO Brasil LTDA. ('Infosys Brasil'), Infosys Public Services, Inc, USA ('Infosys Public Services') and Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Company Limited ('Infosys Shanghai') is a leading global technology services corporation. The Company provides business consulting, technology, engineering and outsourcing services to help clients build tomorrow's enterprise. In addition, the Company offers software products for the banking industry.
 
1 Significant accounting policies
 
 
1.1 Basis of preparation of financial statements
 
These financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair values. GAAP comprises mandatory accounting standards as prescribed by the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.
 
1.2 Use of estimates
 
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported balances of assets and liabilities and disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of income and expenses during the period. Examples of such estimates include computation of percentage of completion which requires the Company to estimate the efforts expended to date as a proportion of the total efforts to be expended, provisions for doubtful debts, future obligations under employee retirement benefit plans, income taxes, post-sales customer support and the useful lives of fixed assets and intangible assets.
 
Accounting estimates could change from period to period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Appropriate changes in estimates are made as the Management becomes aware of changes in circumstances surrounding the estimates. Changes in estimates are reflected in the financial statements in the period in which changes are made and, if material, their effects are disclosed in the notes to the financial statements.
 
The Management periodically assesses using, external and internal sources, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying value of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is higher of the asset's net selling price and value in use, which means the present value of future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of the asset and its eventual disposal. An impairment loss for an asset is reversed if, and only if, the reversal can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized. The carrying amount of an asset is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.
 
1.3 Revenue recognition
 
Revenue is primarily derived from software development and related services and from the licensing of software products. Arrangements with customers for software development and related services are either on a fixed-price, fixed-timeframe or on a time-and-material basis.
 
Revenue on time-and-material contracts are recognized as the related services are performed and revenue from the end of the last billing to the Balance Sheet date is recognized as unbilled revenues. Revenue from fixed-price and fixed-timeframe contracts, where there is no uncertainty as to measurement or collectability of consideration, is recognized based upon the percentage of completion method. When there is uncertainty as to measurement or ultimate collectability revenue recognition is postponed until such uncertainty is resolved. Cost and earnings in excess of billings are classified as unbilled revenue while billings in excess of cost and earnings is classified as unearned revenue. Provision for estimated losses, if any, on uncompleted contracts are recorded in the period in which such losses become probable based on the current estimates.
 
Annual Technical Services revenue and revenue from fixed-price maintenance contracts are recognized ratably over the period in which services are rendered. Revenue from the sale of user licenses for software applications is recognized on transfer of the title in the user license, except in case of multiple element contracts, which require significant implementation services, where revenue for the entire arrangement is recognized over the implementation period based upon the percentage-of-completion method. Revenue from client training, support and other services arising due to the sale of software products is recognized as the related services are performed.
 
The Company accounts for volume discounts and pricing incentives to customers as a reduction of revenue based on the ratable allocation of the discount / incentive amount to each of the underlying revenue transactions that result in progress by the customer towards earning the discount / incentive. Also, when the level of discount varies with increases in levels of revenue transactions, the Company recognizes the liability based on its estimate of the customer's future purchases. If it is probable that the criteria for the discount will not be met, or if the amount thereof cannot be estimated reliably, then discount is not recognized until the payment is probable and the amount can be estimated reliably. The Company recognizes changes in the estimated amount of obligations for discounts using a cumulative catchup approach. The discounts are passed on to the customer either as direct payments or as a reduction of payments due from the customer.
 
The Company presents revenues net of value-added taxes in its statement of profit and loss.
 
Profit on sale of investments is recorded on transfer of title from the Company and is determined as the difference between the sale price and carrying value of the investment. Lease rentals are recognized ratably on a straight line basis over the lease term. Interest is recognized using the time-proportion method, based on rates implicit in the transaction. Dividend income is recognized when the Company's right to receive dividend is established.
 
1.4 Provisions and contingent liabilities
 
A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event, the Company has a present legal obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Provisions are determined by the best estimate of the outflow of economic benefits required to settle the obligation at the reporting date. Where no reliable estimate can be made, a disclosure is made as contingent liability. A disclosure for a contingent liability is also made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources. Where there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.
 
1.5 Post-sales client support and warranties
 
The Company provides its clients with a fixed-period warranty for corrections of errors and telephone support on all its fixed-price, fixed-timeframe contracts. Costs associated with such support services are accrued at the time when related revenues are recorded and included in cost of sales. The Company estimates such costs based on historical experience and the estimates are reviewed annually for any material changes in assumptions.
 
1.6 Onerous contracts
 
Provisions for onerous contracts are recognized when the expected benefits to be derived by the Company from a contract are lower than the unavoidable costs of meeting the future obligations under the contract. The provision is measured at lower of the expected cost of terminating the contract and the expected net cost of fulfilling the contract.
 
1.7 Fixed assets, intangible assets and capital work-in-progress
 
Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. Direct costs are capitalized until fixed assets are ready for use. Capital work-in-progress comprises outstanding advances paid to acquire fixed assets, and the cost of fixed assets that are not yet ready for their intended use at the reporting date. Intangible assets are recorded at the consideration paid for acquisition of such assets and are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment.
 
1.8 Depreciation and amortization
 
Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on the straight-line method over the useful lives of assets estimated by the Management. Depreciation for assets purchased / sold during a period is proportionately charged. Individual low cost assets (acquired for less than Rupee-symbol5,000/-) are depreciated over a period of one year from the date of acquisition. Intangible assets are amortized over their respective individual estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis, commencing from the date the asset is available to the Company for its use. The Management estimates the useful lives for the other fixed assets as follows :
 
Buildings
15 years
Plant and machinery
5 years
Office equipment
5 years
Computer equipment
2-5 years
Furniture and fixtures
5 years
Vehicles
5 years
 
Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date.
 
1.9 Retirement benefits to employees
 
a. Gratuity
 
In accordance with the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972, the Company provides for gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan ('the Gratuity Plan') covering eligible employees. The Gratuity Plan provides a lump-sum payment to vested employees at retirement, death, incapacitation or termination of employment, of an amount based on the respective employee's salary and the tenure of employment with the Company.
 
Liabilities with regard to the Gratuity Plan are determined by actuarial valuation at each Balance Sheet date using the projected unit credit method. The Company fully contributes all ascertained liabilities to the Infosys Technologies Limited Employees' Gratuity Fund Trust (the Trust). Trustees administer contributions made to the Trust and contributions are invested in specific investments as permitted by the law. The Company recognizes the net obligation of the gratuity plan in the Balance Sheet as an asset or liability, respectively in accordance with Accounting Standard (AS) 15, 'Employee Benefits'. The Company's overall expected long-term rate-of-return on assets has been determined based on consideration of available market information, current provisions of Indian law specifying the instruments in which investments can be made, and historical returns. The discount rate is based on the Government securities yield. Actuarial gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognized in the statement of profit and loss in the period in which they arise.
 
b. Superannuation
 
Certain employees of Infosys are also participants in the superannuation plan ('the Plan') which is a defined contribution plan. The Company has no obligations to the Plan beyond its monthly contributions.
 
c. Provident fund
 
Eligible employees receive benefits from a provident fund, which is a defined benefit plan. Both the employee and the Company make monthly contributions to the provident fund plan equal to a specified percentage of the covered employee’s salary. The Company contributes a part of the contributions to the Infosys Technologies Limited Employees’ Provident Fund Trust. The remaining portion is contributed to the government administered pension fund. The rate at which the annual interest is payable to the beneficiaries by the trust is being administered by the government. The Company has an obligation to make good the shortfall, if any, between the return from the investments of the trust and the notified interest rate.
 
d. Compensated absences
 
The employees of the Company are entitled to compensated absences which are both accumulating and non-accumulating in nature. The expected cost of accumulating compensated absences is determined by actuarial valuation based on the additional amount expected to be paid as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the Balance Sheet date. Expense on non-accumulating compensated absences is recognized in the period in which the absences occur.
 
1.10 Research and development
 
Research costs are expensed as incurred. Software product development costs are expensed as incurred unless technical and commercial feasibility of the project is demonstrated, future economic benefits are probable, the Company has an intention and ability to complete and use or sell the software and the costs can be measured reliably.
 
1.11 Foreign currency transactions
 
Foreign-currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated at exchange rates in effect at the Balance Sheet date. The gains or losses resulting from such translations are included in the profit or loss account. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at fair value are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at historical cost are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of transaction.
 
Revenue, expense and cash-flow items denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate in effect on the date of the transaction. Transaction gains or losses realized upon settlement of foreign currency transactions are included in determining net profit for the period in which the transaction is settled.
 
1.12 Forward and options contracts in foreign currencies
 
The Company uses foreign exchange forward and options contracts to hedge its exposure to movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of these foreign exchange forward and options contracts reduce the risk or cost to the Company and the Company does not use those for trading or speculation purposes.
 
Effective April 1, 2008, the Company adopted AS 30, 'Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement', to the extent that the adoption did not conflict with existing accounting standards and other authoritative pronouncements of the Company Law and other regulatory requirements.
 
Forward and options contracts are fair valued at each reporting date. The resultant gain or loss from these transactions are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. The Company records the gain or loss on effective hedges, if any, in the foreign currency fluctuation reserve until the transactions are complete. On completion, the gain or loss is transferred to the statement of profit and loss of that period. To designate a forward or options contract as an effective hedge, the Management objectively evaluates and evidences with appropriate supporting documents at the inception of each contract whether the contract is effective in achieving offsetting cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. In the absence of a designation as effective hedge, a gain or loss is recognized in the statement of profit and loss. Currently hedges undertaken by the Company are all ineffective in nature and the resultant gain or loss consequent to fair valuation is recognized in the statement of profit and loss at each reporting date.
 
1.13 Income taxes
 
Income taxes are accrued in the same period that the related revenue and expenses arise. A provision is made for income tax annually, based on the tax liability computed, after considering tax allowances and exemptions. Provisions are recorded when it is estimated that a liability due to disallowances or other matters is probable. Minimum alternate tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws, which gives rise to future economic benefits in the form of tax credit against future income tax liability, is recognized as an asset in the Balance Sheet if there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal tax after the tax holiday period and the resultant asset can be measured reliably. The Company offsets, on a year on year basis, the current tax assets and liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right and where it intends to settle such assets and liabilities on a net basis.
 
The differences that result between the profit considered for income taxes and the profit as per the financial statements are identified, and thereafter a deferred tax asset or deferred tax liability is recorded for timing differences, namely the differences that originate in one accounting period and reverse in another, based on the tax effect of the aggregate amount of timing difference. The tax effect is calculated on the accumulated timing differences at the end of an accounting period based on enacted or substantively enacted regulations. Deferred tax assets in situation where unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward business loss exists, are recognized only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax asset can be realized. Deferred tax assets, other than in situation of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward business loss, are recognized only if there is reasonable certainty that they will be realized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed for the appropriateness of their respective carrying values at each reporting date. Tax benefits of deductions earned on exercise of employee share options in excess of compensation charged to statement of profit and loss are credited to the share premium account.
 
1.14 Earnings per share
 
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. The diluted potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had the shares been actually issued at fair value which is the average market value of the outstanding shares. Dilutive potential equity shares are deemed converted as of the beginning of the period, unless issued at a later date. Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each period presented.
 
The number of shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted retrospectively for all periods presented for any share splits and bonus shares issues including for changes effected prior to the approval of the financial statements by the Board of Directors.
 
1.15 Investments
 
Trade investments are the investments made to enhance the Company’s business interests. Investments are either classified as current or long term based on Management’s intention at the time of purchase. Current investments are carried at the lower of cost and fair value of each investment individually. Cost for overseas investments comprises the Indian Rupee value of the consideration paid for the investment translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of investment. Long term investments are carried at cost less provisions recorded to recognize any decline, other than temporary, in the carrying value of each investment.
 
1.16 Cash and cash equivalents
 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash and cash on deposit with banks and corporations. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a remaining maturity at the date of purchase of three months or less and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash to be cash equivalents.
 
1.17 Cash flow statement
 
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.
 
1.18 Leases
 
Lease under which the Company assumes substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Such assets acquired are capitalized at fair value of the asset or present value of the minimum lease payments at the inception of the lease, whichever is lower. Lease payments under operating leases are recognised as an expense on a straight line basis in the statement of profit and loss over the lease term.
 
2 NOTES ON ACCOUNTS FOR THE QUARTER AND HALF-YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2011
 
The previous period figures have been regrouped/reclassified, wherever necessary to conform to the current presentation.
 
2.1 SHARE CAPITAL
in Rupee-symbolcrore, except as otherwise stated
Particulars
As at
 
 September 30, 2011
 March 31, 2011
Authorized
   
Equity shares, rupee-symbol 5/- par value
   
60,00,00,000 (60,00,00,000) equity shares
 300
 300
Issued, Subscribed and Paid-Up
   
Equity shares, rupee-symbol 5/- par value (1)
 287
 287
57,42,03,082 (57,41,51,559) equity shares fully paid-up
   
[Of the above, 53,53,35,478 (53,53,35,478) equity shares, fully paid up have been issued as bonus shares by capitalization of the general reserve. ]
   
 
 287
 287
 
Forfeited shares amounted to Rupee-symbol1,500/- (Rupee-symbol1,500/-)
 
(1)
 Refer to note 2.32 for details of basic and diluted shares
 
The Company has only one class of shares referred to as equity shares having a par value of Rupee-symbol5/-. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share.
 
The Company declares and pays dividends in Indian rupees. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting.
 
During the year ended March 31, 2011, the amount of per share dividend recognized as distributions to equity shareholders was Rupee-symbol60. The dividend for the year ended March 31, 2011 includes Rupee-symbol20 per share of final dividend, Rupee-symbol10 per share of interim dividend and Rupee-symbol30 per share of 30th year special dividend. The total dividend appropriation for the year ended March 31, 2011 amounted to Rupee-symbol4,013 crore including corporate dividend tax of Rupee-symbol568 crore.
 
The Board of Directors, in their meeting on October 12, 2011, declared an interim dividend of Rupee-symbol15 per equity share.
 
In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receive any of the remaining assets of the company, after distribution of all preferential amounts. However, no such preferential amounts exist currently. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.
 
The details of shareholder holding more than 5% shares as at September 30, 2011 is set out below :
 
Name of the shareholder
No. of shares
% held as at
September 30, 2011
Life Insurance Corporation of India (includes all schemes under their management)
3,14,99,803
5.49
 
The reconciliation of the number of shares outstanding as at September 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011 is set out below:
 
Particulars
As at
 
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Number of shares at the beginning
 57,41,51,559
 57,38,25,192
Add: Shares issued on exercise of employee stock options
 51,523
 3,26,367
Number of shares at the end
 57,42,03,082
 57,41,51,559
 
Stock option plans
 
The Company has two Stock Option Plans.
 
1998 Stock Option Plan ('the 1998 Plan')
 
The 1998 Plan was approved by the Board of Directors in December 1997 and by the shareholders in January 1998, and is for issue of 1,17,60,000 ADSs representing 1,17,60,000 equity shares. All options under the 1998 Plan are exercisable for ADSs representing equity shares. A compensation committee comprising independent members of the Board of Directors administers the 1998 Plan. All options had been granted at 100% of fair market value. The 1998 Plan lapsed on January 6, 2008, and consequently no further shares will be issued to employees under this plan.
 
1999 Stock Option Plan ('the 1999 Plan')
 
In fiscal 2000, the Company instituted the 1999 Plan. The shareholders and the Board of Directors approved the plan in September 1999, which provides for the issue of 5,28,00,000 equity shares to the employees. The compensation committee administers the 1999 Plan. Options were issued to employees at an exercise price that is not less than the fair market value. The 1999 Plan lapsed on June 11, 2009, and consequently no further shares will be issued to employees under this plan.
 
The activity in the 1998 Plan and 1999 Plan during the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010, respectively, is set out below:
 
Particulars
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
The 1998 Plan :
       
Options outstanding, beginning of the period
 21,905
 200,115
 50,070
 242,264
Less: Exercised
 8,345
 76,170
 36,510
 116,319
   Forfeited
 
 406
 
 2,406
Options outstanding, end of the period
 13,560
 123,539
 13,560
 123,539
Options exercisable, end of the period
 13,560
 123,539
 13,560
 123,539
The 1999 Plan :
       
Options outstanding, beginning of the period
 36,952
 161,129
 48,720
 204,464
Less: Exercised
 7,045
 57,403
 15,013
 93,163
   Forfeited
 3,264
 3,850
 7,064
 11,425
Options outstanding, end of the period
 26,643
 99,876
 26,643
 99,876
Options exercisable, end of the period
 22,388
 91,388
 22,388
 91,388
 
The weighted average share price of options exercised under the 1998 Plan during the quarter ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010 was Rupee-symbol2,293 and Rupee-symbol2,905, respectively. The weighted average share price of options exercised under the 1999 Plan during the quarter ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010 was Rupee-symbol2,364 and Rupee-symbol2,881, respectively.
 
The weighted average share price of options exercised under the 1998 Plan during the half-year ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010 was Rupee-symbol2,725 and Rupee-symbol2,829, respectively. The weighted average share price of options exercised under the 1999 Plan during the half-year ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010 was Rupee-symbol2,617 and Rupee-symbol2,795, respectively.
 
The following tables summarize information about the options outstanding under the 1998 Plan and 1999 Plan as at September 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011 respectively:
 
Range of exercise prices per share (rupee-symbol)
As at September 30, 2011
 
Number of shares arising out of options
Weighted average remaining contractual life
(in years)
Weighted average exercise price
(in rupee-symbol )
The 1998 Plan:
     
300-700
 6,310
 0.45
 532
701-1,400
 7,250
 0.24
 862
 
 13,560
 0.34
 709
The 1999 Plan:
     
300-700
 12,384
 0.39
 459
701-2,500
 14,259
 1.21
 2,121
 
 26,643
 0.83
 1,349
 

 
Range of exercise prices per share (rupee-symbol)
As at March 31, 2011
 
Number of shares arising out of options
Weighted average remaining contractual life
(in years)
Weighted average exercise price
(in rupee-symbol )
The 1998 Plan:
     
300-700
24,680
 0.73
 587
701-1,400
25,390
 0.56
 777
 
50,070
 0.65
 683
The 1999 Plan:
     
300-700
33,759
 0.65
 448
701-2,500
14,961
 1.71
 2,121
 
48,720
 0.97
 962
 
As at September 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011, the Company had 40,203 and 98,790 number of shares reserved for issue under the 1998 and 1999 employee stock option plans, respectively. Most of the shares reserved for issue under the 1998 and 1999 employee stock option plans are vested and are exercisable at any point of time, except for 4,255 shares issued under the 1999 employee stock option plan which is unvested as of September 30, 2011. The vesting date for these 4,255 shares is June 16, 2012.
 
2.2 RESERVES AND SURPLUS
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
 September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Capital reserve - Opening balance
 54
 54
 Add: Transferred from Surplus
 
 
 
 54
 54
     
Securities premium reserve - Opening balance
 3,057
 3,022
Add: Receipts on exercise of employee stock options
 4
 24
 Income tax benefit arising from exercise of stock options
 
 11
 
 3,061
 3,057
General reserve - Opening balance
 5,512
 4,867
Add: Transferred from Surplus
 
 645
 
 5,512
 5,512
Surplus- Opening Balance
 15,591
 13,806
Add: Net profit after tax transferred from Statement of Profit and Loss
 3,476
 6,443
Amount available for appropriation
 19,067
 20,249
Appropriations:
   
Interim dividend
 862
 574
30th year special dividend
 
 1,722
Final dividend
 
 1,149
Total dividend
 862
 3,445
Dividend tax
 140
 568
Amount transferred to general reserve
 
 645
Surplus- Closing Balance
 18,065
 15,591
 
 26,692
 24,214
 
2.3 DEFERRED TAXES
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
 September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Deferred tax assets
   
Fixed assets
 249
 234
Trade receivables
 26
 19
Unavailed leave
 86
 85
Computer software
 28
 24
Accrued compensation to employees
 31
 24
Others
 23
 20
 
 443
 406
Deferred tax liabilities
   
Branch profit tax
 193
 176
 
 193
 176
 
As at September 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011, the Company has provided for branch profit tax of Rupee-symbol193 and Rupee-symbol176 crore, respectively, for its overseas branches, as the Company estimates that these branch profits would be distributed in the foreseeable future. Branch profit tax balance increased by Rupee-symbol17 crore during the half-year ended due to foreign currency fluctuation impact.
 
2.4 OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
 September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Others
   
Gratuity obligation - unamortised amount relating to plan amendment (refer to note 2.29)
 17
 18
Rental deposits received from subsidiary (refer to note 2.26)
 7
 7
 
 24
 25
 
2.5 LONG-TERM PROVISIONS
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
 September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Provision for employee benefits
   
Unavailed leave
 303
 235
 
 303
 235
 
2.6 TRADE PAYABLES
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
 September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Trade payables
 91
 85
 
 91
 85
(1) Includes dues to subsidiaries (refer to note 2.26)
 82
 55
 
2.7 OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
 September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Accrued salaries and benefits
   
Salaries and benefits
 55
 42
Bonus and incentives
 324
 363
For other liabilities
   
Provision for expenses
 689
 537
Retention monies
 28
 21
Withholding and other taxes payable
 424
 292
Gratuity obligation - unamortised amount relating to plan amendment, current (refer to note 2.29)
 3
 4
Other payables
 
 1
Advances received from clients
 10
 19
Unearned revenue
 564
 488
Mark-to-market loss on forward and options contracts
 148
 
Unpaid dividends
 2
 3
 
 2,247
 1,770
 
2.8 SHORT-TERM PROVISIONS
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
 September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Provision for employee benefits
   
Unavailed leave, current
 78
 68
Others
   
Proposed dividend
 862
 1,149
Provision for
   
Tax on dividend
 140
 187
Income taxes
 1,014
 756
Post-sales client support and warranties
 89
 78
 
 2,183
 2,238
 
Provision for post-sales client support and warranties
 
The movement in the provision for post-sales client support and warranties is as follows :
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
Year ended March 31,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
Balance at the beginning
 113
 75
 78
 73
 73
Provision recognized/(reversal)
 (15)
 (4)
 20
 (2)
 5
Provision utilised
 (9)
 
 (9)
 
 
Exchange difference during the period
 
 1
 
 1
 
Balance at the end
 89
 72
 89
 72
 78
 
Provision for post-sales client support is expected to be utilized over a period of 6 months to 1 year.
 
2.9 FIXED ASSETS
in Rupee-symbolcrore, except as otherwise stated
Particulars
Original cost
Depreciation and amortization
Net book value
 
As at
April 1,
2011
Additions
during the period
Deductions/ Retirement during
the period
As at
September 30,
2011
As at
April 1,
2011
 For the
period
Deductions
 during
the period
As at
September 30,
2011
As at
September 30,
2011
As at
March 31,
2011
Tangible assets :
                   
Land : Free-hold
 406
 4
 
 410
 
 
 
 
 410
 406
          Leasehold
 135
 23
 
 158
 
 
 
 
 158
 135
Buildings (1)(2)
 3,532
 87
 
 3,619
 964
 120
 
 1,084
 2,535
 2,568
Plant and equipment (2)
 876
 36
 
 912
 525
 84
 
 609
 303
 351
Office equipment
 276
 20
 
 296
 143
 28
 
 171
 125
 133
Computer equipment (2)
 1,092
 95
 7
 1,180
 872
 103
 7
 968
 212
 220
Furniture and fixtures (2)
 598
 37
 
 635
 359
 56
 
 415
 220
 239
Vehicles
 7
 2
 
 9
 3
 1
 
 4
 5
 4
 
 6,922
 304
 7
 7,219
 2,866
 392
 7
 3,251
 3,968
 4,056
Intangible assets :
                   
Intellectual property rights
 12
 
 
 12
 12
 
 
 12
 
 
 
 12
 
 
 12
 12
 
 
 12
 
 
Total
 6,934
 304
 7
 7,231
 2,878
 392
 7
 3,263
 3,968
 4,056
Previous year
 6,357
 1,020
 443
 6,934
 2,578
 740
 440
 2,878
 4,056
 
 
Notes:
(1)
Buildings include rupee-symbol 250/- being the value of 5 shares of rupee-symbol 50/- each in Mittal Towers Premises Co-operative Society Limited.
(2)
Includes certain assets provided on operating lease to Infosys BPO, a subsidiary.
 
Profit / (loss) on disposal of fixed assets during the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010 is less than Rupee-symbol1 crore and accordingly disclosed under note 2.36.
 
The Company has entered into lease-cum-sale agreements to acquire certain properties. In accordance with the terms of these agreements, the Company has the option to purchase the properties on expiry of the lease period. The Company has already paid 99% of the value of the properties at the time of entering into the lease-cum-sale agreements. These amounts are disclosed as 'Land - leasehold' under 'Tangible assets' in the financial statements. Additionally, certain land has been purchased for which though the Company has possession certificate, the sale deeds are yet to be executed as at September 30, 2011.
 
Tangible assets provided on operating lease to Infosys BPO, a subsidiary company, as at September 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011 are as follows:
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
Cost
Accumulated depreciation
Net book value
Buildings
 60
 27
 33
 
 60
 25
 35
Plant and machinery
 3
 3
 
 
 3
 2
 1
Computer equipment
 
 
 
 
 1
 1
 
Furniture and fixtures
 2
 2
 
 
 1
 1
 
Total
 65
 32
 33
 
 65
 29
 36
 
The aggregate depreciation charged on the above assets during the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2011 amounted to Rupee-symbol2 crore and Rupee-symbol3 crore respectively (Rupee-symbol2 crore and Rupee-symbol4 crore for the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2010, respectively).
 
The rental income from Infosys BPO for the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2011 amounted to Rupee-symbol3 crore and Rupee-symbol6 crore respectively. (Rupee-symbol4 crore and Rupee-symbol8 crore for the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2010, respectively).
 
2.10 LEASES
 
Obligations on long-term, non-cancelable operating leases
 
The lease rentals charged during the period and the maximum obligations on long-term, non-cancelable operating leases payable as per the rentals stated in the respective agreements are as follows:
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
Lease rentals recognized during the period
 21
 17
 40
 32
 
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Lease obligations payable
As at
 
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Within one year of the balance sheet date
 83
 63
Due in a period between one year and five years
 150
 152
Due after five years
 45
 30
 
The operating lease arrangements, are renewable on a periodic basis and extend upto a maximum of ten years from their respective dates of inception and relates to rented premises. Some of these lease agreements have price escalation clauses.
 
2.11 INVESTMENTS
in Rupee-symbolcrore, except as otherwise stated
Particulars
As at
 
 September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Non-current investments
   
Long term investments - at cost
   
Trade (unquoted) (refer to note 2.11.1)
   
Investments in equity instruments
 6
 6
Less: Provision for investments
 2
 2
 
 4
 4
Others (unquoted)
   
Investments in equity instruments of subsidiaries
   
Infosys BPO Limited (1)
   
3,38,22,319 (3,38,22,319) equity shares of rupee-symbol 10/- each, fully paid
 659
 659
Infosys Technologies (China) Co. Limited
 107
 107
Infosys Technologies (Australia) Pty Limited
   
1,01,08,869 (1,01,08,869) equity shares of AUD 0.11 par value, fully paid
 66
 66
Infosys Consulting, Inc., USA
   
5,50,00,000 (5,50,00,000) common stock of USD 1.00 par value, fully paid
 243
 243
Infosys Technologies, S. de R.L. de C.V., Mexico
 54
 54
Infosys Technologies Sweden AB
   
1,000 (1,000) equity shares of SEK 100 par value, fully paid
 
 
Infosys Technologies DO Brasil LTDA
   
1,45,16,997 (1,45,16,997) shares of BRL 1.00 par value, fully paid
 38
 38
Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Company Limited
 69
 11
Infosys Public Services, Inc
   
1,00,00,000 (1,00,00,000) common stock of USD 0.50 par value, fully paid
 24
 24
 
 1,260
 1,202
 
 1,264
 1,206
Current investments – at the lower of cost and fair value
   
Others Non-trade (unquoted)
   
Certificates of deposit (refer to note 2.11.2)
 24
 119
 
 24
 119
Aggregate amount of unquoted investments
 1,288
 1,325
(1)
 Investments include 6,79,250 (6,79,250) options of Infosys BPO
 
2.11.1 Details of Investments
 
The details of non-current trade investments in equity instruments as at September 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011 is as follows:
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
OnMobile Systems Inc., (formerly Onscan Inc.) USA
   
21,54,100 (21,54,100) common stock at USD 0.4348 each, fully paid, par value USD 0.001 each
 4
 4
Merasport Technologies Private Limited
   
2,420 (2,420) equity shares at rupee-symbol 8,052 each, fully paid, par value rupee-symbol 10 each
 2
 2
 
 6
 6
Less: Provision for investment
 2
 2
 
 4
 4
 
2.11.2 Details of Investments in certificates of deposit
 
The balances held in certificates of deposit as at September 30, 2011 is as follows:
 
Particulars
Face Value rupee-symbol
 Units
Amount (in rupee-symbol Crore)
State Bank of Mysore
100,000
2,500
 24
 
The balances held in certificates of deposit as at March 31, 2011 is as follows:
 
Particulars
Face Value rupee-symbol
 Units
Amount (in rupee-symbol Crore)
State Bank of Hyderabad
1,00,000
7,500
 71
Union Bank of India
1,00,000
5,000
 48
   
12,500
 119
 
2.12 LONG-TERM LOANS AND ADVANCES
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Unsecured, considered good
   
Capital advances
 350
 250
Other loans and advances
   
Advance income taxes
 932
 924
Prepaid expenses
 19
 20
Loans and advances to employees
   
Housing and other loans
 4
 4
Electricity and other deposits
 28
 30
Rental deposits
 17
 16
 
 1,350
 1,244
 
2.13 OTHER NON-CURRENT ASSETS
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Others
   
Restricted deposits (refer to note 2.33)
 401
 344
Advance to gratuity trust and others
 21
 
 
 422
 344
 
2.14 TRADE RECEIVABLES(1)
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Debts outstanding for a period exceeding six months
   
Unsecured
   
Considered doubtful
 74
 56
Less: Provision for doubtful debts
 74
 56
 
 
 
Other debts
   
Unsecured
   
Considered good(2)
 4,985
 4,212
Considered doubtful
 23
 27
 
 5,008
 4,239
Less: Provision for doubtful debts
 23
 27
 
 4,985
 4,212
 
 4,985
 4,212
(1) Includes dues from companies where directors are interested
 8
 2
(2) Includes dues from subsidiaries (refer to note 2.26)
 65
 72
 
Provision for doubtful debts
 
Periodically, the Company evaluates all customer dues to the Company for collectability. The need for provisions is assessed based on various factors including collectability of specific dues, risk perceptions of the industry in which the customer operates, general economic factors, which could affect the customer’s ability to settle. The Company normally provides for debtor dues outstanding for six months or longer from the invoice date, as at the Balance Sheet date. The Company pursues the recovery of the dues, in part or full.
 
2.15 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Cash on hand
 
 
Balances with banks
   
In current and deposit accounts
 15,418
 13,665
Others
   
Deposits with financial institutions
 1,500
 1,500
 
 16,918
 15,165
Balances with banks in unpaid dividend accounts
 2
 3
Deposit accounts with more than 12 months maturity
 69
 606
Balances with banks held as margin money deposits against guarantees
 107
 92
 
Cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011 include restricted cash and bank balances of Rupee-symbol109 crore and Rupee-symbol95 crore, respectively. The restrictions are primarily on account of cash and bank balances held as margin money deposits against guarantees and unclaimed dividends.
 
The deposits maintained by the Company with banks and financial institutions comprise of time deposits, which can be withdrawn by the Company at any point without prior notice or penalty on the principal.
 
The details of balances as on Balance Sheet dates with banks are as follows:
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
 In current accounts
   
ANZ Bank, Taiwan
 2
 3
Bank of America, USA
 284
 274
Citibank NA, Australia
 82
 61
Citibank NA, Thailand
 1
 1
Citibank NA, Japan
 13
 17
Deutsche Bank, Belgium
 10
 5
Deutsche Bank, Germany
 9
 5
Deutsche Bank, Netherlands
 5
 2
Deutsche Bank, France
 4
 3
Deutsche Bank, Switzerland
 –
 1
Deutsche Bank, Singapore
 1
 3
Deutsche Bank, UK
 52
 40
Deutsche Bank, Spain
 2
 1
HSBC Bank, UK
 –
 1
Nordbanken, Sweden
 –
 4
Royal Bank of Canada, Canada
 7
 23
Deustche Bank, India
 8
 11
Deustche Bank-EEFC (Euro account)
 6
 8
Deustche Bank-EEFC (U.S. Dollar account)
 12
 141
Deutsche Bank-EEFC (Swiss Franc account)
 5
 2
ICICI Bank, India
 55
 18
ICICI Bank-EEFC (U.S. Dollar account)
 5
 14
 
 563
 638
In deposit accounts
   
Allahabad Bank
 666
 500
Andhra Bank
 372
 399
Axis Bank
 694
 476
Bank of Baroda
 1,500
 1,100
Bank of India
 995
 1,197
Bank of Maharashtra
 
 488
Canara Bank
 1,189
 1,225
Central Bank of India
 254
 354
Corporation Bank
 500
 295
DBS Bank
 45
 
HDFC Bank
 995
 646
ICICI Bank
 1,500
 689
IDBI Bank
 1,000
 716
ING Vysya Bank
 100
 
Indian Overseas Bank
 478
 500
Jammu and Kashmir Bank
 25
 12
Kotak Mahindra Bank
 
 25
Oriental Bank of commerce
 600
 578
Punjab National Bank
 1,500
 1,493
State Bank of Hyderabad
 82
 225
State Bank of India
 386
 386
State Bank of Mysore
 363
 354
South Indian Bank
 25
 25
Syndicate Bank
 550
 500
Union Bank of India
 674
 631
Vijaya Bank
 200
 95
Yes Bank
 53
 23
 
 14,746
 12,932
In unpaid dividend accounts
   
Citibank - Unclaimed dividend account
 
 1
HDFC Bank - Unclaimed dividend account
 1
 1
ICICI bank - Unclaimed dividend account
 1
 1
 
 2
 3
In margin money deposits against guarantees
   
Canara Bank
 44
 29
State Bank of India
 63
 63
 
 107
 92
Deposits with financial institutions
   
HDFC Limited
 1,500
 1,500
 
 1,500
 1,500
Total cash and cash equivalents as per Balance Sheet
 16,918
 15,165
 
2.16 SHORT-TERM LOANS AND ADVANCES
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Unsecured, considered good
   
Loans to subsidiary (refer to note 2.26)
 35
 32
Others
   
Advances
   
Prepaid expenses
 30
 32
For supply of goods and rendering of services
 27
 50
Withholding and other taxes receivable
 590
 516
Others
 16
 10
 
 698
 640
     
Unbilled revenues
 1,371
 1,158
Interest accrued but not due
 18
 14
Loans and advances to employees
   
Housing and other loans
 42
 38
Salary advances
 88
 84
Electricity and other deposits
 34
 30
Rental deposits
 2
 2
Mark-to-market gain on forward and options contracts
 
 63
 
 2,253
 2,029
Unsecured, considered doubtful
   
Loans and advances to employees
 3
 3
 
 2,256
 2,032
Less: Provision for doubtful loans and advances to employees
 3
 3
 
 2,253
 2,029
 
2.17 INCOME FROM SOFTWARE SERVICES AND PRODUCTS
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
Income from software services
 7,151
 6,138
 13,714
 11,659
Income from software products
 319
 287
 661
 524
 
 7,470
 6,425
 14,375
 12,183
 
2.18 OTHER INCOME
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
Interest received on deposits with banks and others
 380
 243
 738
 469
Dividend received on investment in mutual fund units
 7
 
 11
 17
Miscellaneous income, net
 5
 5
 13
 12
Gains / (losses) on foreign currency, net
 (9)
 
 36
 (13)
 
 383
 248
 798
 485
 
2.19 EXPENSES
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
Employee benefit expenses
       
Salaries and bonus including overseas staff expenses
 3,607
 2,959
 7,007
 5,736
Contribution to provident and other funds
 91
 117
 213
 191
Staff welfare
 15
 16
 27
 24
 
 3,713
 3,092
 7,247
 5,951
Cost of technical sub-contractors
       
Technical sub-contractors - subsidiaries
 482
 406
 902
 772
Technical sub-contractors - others
 135
 136
 268
 222
 
 617
 542
 1,170
 994
Travel expenses
       
Overseas travel expenses
 220
 188
 411
 380
Traveling and conveyance
 23
 21
 44
 38
 
 243
 209
 455
 418
Cost of software packages
       
For own use
 97
 86
 185
 154
Third party items bought for service delivery to clients
 41
 17
 95
 34
 
 138
 103
 280
 188
Communication expenses
       
Telephone charges
 36
 33
 71
 62
Communication expenses
 13
 11
 21
 21
 
 49
 44
 92
 83

 
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
Other expenses
       
Office maintenance
 55
 40
 114
 84
Power and fuel
 42
 35
 79
 72
Brand building
 29
 19
 45
 34
Rent
 21
 17
 40
 32
Rates and taxes, excluding taxes on income
 12
 10
 23
 18
Repairs to building
 18
 12
 30
 20
Repairs to plant and machinery
 9
 7
 19
 14
Computer maintenance
 8
 7
 19
 14
Consumables
 5
 7
 10
 13
Insurance charges
 6
 6
 12
 12
Research grants
 1
 8
 1
 13
Marketing expenses
 4
 3
 8
 7
Commission charges
 12
 2
 14
 4
Printing and Stationery
 3
 4
 6
 6
Professional membership and seminar participation fees
 2
 2
 5
 4
Postage and courier
 4
 1
 6
 4
Advertisements
 1
 1
 2
 3
Provision for post-sales client support and warranties
 (15)
 (4)
 20
 (2)
Commission to non-whole time directors
 2
 2
 4
 3
Freight Charges
 
 1
 
 1
Provision for bad and doubtful debts and advances
 10
 13
 38
 28
Books and periodicals
 1
 
 1
 1
Auditor's remuneration
       
Statutory audit fees
 
 
 
 
Bank charges and commission
 
 1
 1
 1
Donations
 6
 
 12
 1
 
 236
 194
 509
 387
 
2.20 TAX EXPENSE
in Rupee-symbolcrore
 
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
Current Tax
       
Income taxes
 757
 625
 1,400
 1,167
Deferred taxes
 (38)
 (29)
 (37)
 (83)
 
 719
 596
 1,363
 1,084
 
Income taxes
 
The provision for taxation includes tax liabilities in India on the Company’s global income as reduced by exempt incomes and any tax liabilities arising overseas on income sourced from those countries. Infosys' operations are conducted through Software Technology Parks ('STPs') and Special Economic Zones ('SEZs'). Income from STPs were tax exempt for the earlier of 10 years commencing from the fiscal year in which the unit commences software development, or March 31, 2011. Income from SEZs is fully tax exempt for the first 5 years, 50% exempt for the next 5 years and 50% exempt for another 5 years subject to fulfilling certain conditions.
 
2.21 CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND COMMITMENTS (TO THE EXTENT NOT PROVIDED FOR)
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Contingent liabilities :
   
Outstanding guarantees and counter guarantees to various banks, in respect of the guarantees given by those banks in favour of various government authorities and others
 3
 3
Claims against the Company, not acknowledged as debts(1)
 296
 271
[Net of amount paid to statutory authorities rupee-symbol 471 crore (rupee-symbol 469 crore)]
   
Commitments :
   
Estimated amount of unexecuted capital contracts
   
(net of advances and deposits)
 811
 742
     
     
 
in million
in rupee-symbol crore
in million
in rupee-symbol crore
Forward contracts outstanding
       
In USD
 605
 2,964
 500
 2,230
In Euro
 5
 33
 20
 127
In GBP
 10
 77
 10
 72
In AUD
 10
 48
 10
 46
   
 3,122
 
 2,475
 
(1)
Claims against the Company not acknowledged as debts include demand from the Indian tax authorities for payment of additional tax of Rupee-symbol671 crore (Rupee-symbol671 crore), including interest of Rupee-symbol177 crore (Rupee-symbol177 crore) upon completion of their tax review for fiscal 2005, fiscal 2006 and fiscal 2007. The tax demands are mainly on account of disallowance of a portion of the deduction claimed by the Company under Section 10A of the Income tax Act. The deductible amount is determined by the ratio of export turnover to total turnover. The disallowance arose from certain expenses incurred in foreign currency being reduced from export turnover but not reduced from total turnover. The tax demand for fiscal 2007 also includes disallowance of portion of profit earned outside India from the STP units and disallowance of profits earned from SEZ units. The matter for fiscal 2005, 2006 and 2007 is pending before the Commissioner of Income tax ( Appeals), Bangalore.
 
 
The Company is contesting the demands and the Management, including its tax advisors, believes that its position will likely be upheld in the appellate process. No tax expense has been accrued in the financial statements for the tax demand raised. The Management believes that the ultimate outcome of this proceeding will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position and results of operations."
 
As of the Balance Sheet date, the Company's net foreign currency exposures that are not hedged by a derivative instrument or otherwise is Rupee-symbol1,185 crore (Rupee-symbol1,196 crore as at March 31, 2011).
 
The foreign exchange forward and option contracts mature between 1 to 12 months. The table below analyzes the derivative financial instruments into relevant maturity groupings based on the remaining period as of the balance sheet date:
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Not later than one month
 599
 413
Later than one month and not later than three months
 980
 590
Later than three months and not later than one year
 1,543
 1,472
 
 3,122
 2,475
 
The Company recognized a loss on derivative financial instruments of Rupee-symbol246 crore and gain on derivative financial instruments of Rupee-symbol45 crore during the quarter ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010, respectively, which is included in other income.
 
The Company recognized a loss on derivative financial instruments of Rupee-symbol209 crore and Rupee-symbol24 crore during the half-year ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010, respectively, which is included in other income.
 
2.22 QUANTITATIVE DETAILS
 
The Company is primarily engaged in the development and maintenance of computer software. The production and sale of such software cannot be expressed in any generic unit. Hence, it is not possible to give the quantitative details of sales and certain information as required under paragraphs 5 (viii)(c) of general instructions for preparation of the statement of profit and loss as per revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956.
 
2.23 IMPORTS (VALUED ON THE COST, INSURANCE AND FREIGHT BASIS)
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
Capital goods
 46
 56
 78
 85
Software packages
 –
 1
 –
 1
 
 46
 57
 78
 86
 
2.24 ACTIVITY IN FOREIGN CURRENCY
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
Earnings in foreign currency
       
Income from software services and products
 6,882
 5,998
 13,236
 11,369
Interest received from banks and others
 7
 6
 10
 6
 
 6,889
 6,004
 13,246
 11,375
Expenditure in foreign currency
       
Overseas travel expenses (including visa charges)
 157
 133
 303
 285
Professional charges
 60
 37
 122
 72
Technical sub-contractors - subsidiaries
 481
 406
 902
 772
Overseas salaries and incentives
 2,123
 1,672
 4,100
 3,272
Other expenditure incurred overseas for software development
 311
 347
 642
 574
 
 3,132
 2,595
 6,069
 4,975
Net earnings in foreign currency
 3,757
 3,409
 7,177
 6,400
 
2.25 DIVIDENDS REMITTED IN FOREIGN CURRENCIES
 
The Company remits the equivalent of the dividends payable to equity shareholders and holders of ADS. For ADS holders the dividend is remitted in Indian rupees to the depository bank, which is the registered shareholder on record for all owners of the Company’s ADSs. The depositary bank purchases the foreign currencies and remits dividends to the ADS holders.
 
The particulars of dividends remitted are as follows:
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
Number of Non-resident
share holders
Number of shares to which
the dividends relate
Half-year ended
September 30,
     
2011
2010
Final dividend for fiscal 2011
4
8,74,37,368
 175
 
Final dividend for fiscal 2010
7
10,68,22,614
 
 160
 
2.26 RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
 
List of related parties:
 
Name of subsidiaries
Country
Holding as at
   
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Infosys BPO
India
99.98%
99.98%
Infosys Australia
Australia
100%
100%
Infosys China
China
100%
100%
Infosys Consulting Inc (1)
USA
100%
100%
Infosys Mexico
Mexico
100%
100%
Infosys Sweden
Sweden
100%
100%
Infosys Shanghai
China
100%
100%
Infosys Brasil
Brazil
100%
100%
Infosys Public Services, Inc.
USA
100%
100%
Infosys BPO s. r. o (2)
Czech Republic
99.98%
99.98%
Infosys BPO (Poland) Sp Z.o.o (2)
Poland
99.98%
99.98%
Infosys BPO (Thailand) Limited (2)
Thailand
Infosys Consulting India Limited (3)
India
100%
100%
McCamish Systems LLC (2)
USA
99.98%
99.98%
 
(1)
During the quarter ended September 30, 2011, the Board of Infosys Consulting Inc.,approved a scheme of amalgamation and initiated its merger with Infosys Limited.
(2)
Infosys BPO s.r.o, Infosys BPO (Poland) Sp Z.o.o, Infosys BPO (Thailand) Limited and McCamish Systems LLC are wholly owned subsidiaries of Infosys BPO. During the year ended March 31, 2011 Infosys BPO (Thailand) Limited was liquidated.
(3)
Infosys Consulting India Limited is wholly owned subsidiary of Infosys Consulting Inc.
 
Infosys guarantees the performance of certain contracts entered into by its subsidiaries.
 
The details of amounts due to or due from as at September 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011 are as follows:
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
Short-term Loans and Advances
   
Infosys China
 25
 23
Infosys Brazil
 10
 9
Trade Receivables
   
Infosys China
 30
 39
Infosys Australia
 3
 5
Infosys Mexico
 2
 1
Infosys Consulting
 29
 24
Infosys BPO (Including subsidiaries)
 1
 3
Trade Payables
   
Infosys China
 28
 32
Infosys Australia
 27
 
Infosys BPO (Including subsidiaries)
 11
 3
Infosys Consulting
 12
 17
Infosys Consulting India
 1
 1
Infosys Mexico
 2
 1
Infosys Sweden
 1
 1
Deposit taken for shared services
   
Infosys BPO
 7
 7
 
The details of the related party transactions entered into by the Company, in addition to the lease commitments described in note 2.9, for the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010 are as follows:
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
Capital transactions:
       
Financing transactions
       
Infosys Shanghai
 –
 –
 58
 –
Infosys China
 –
 42
 –
 42
Revenue transactions:
       
Purchase of services
       
Infosys Australia
 331
 217
 634
 395
Infosys China
 54
 66
 106
 118
Infosys Consulting
 81
 103
 130
 219
Infosys Consulting India
 1
 –
 2
 –
Infosys BPO (Including subsidiaries)
 7
 3
 12
 6
Infosys Sweden
 3
 3
 5
 6
Infosys Mexico
 5
 11
 12
 24
Infosys Brazil
 –
 3
 1
 4
Purchase of shared services including facilities and personnel
       
Infosys Consulting (including subsidiaries)
 2
 –
 2
 –
Infosys BPO (including subsidiaries)
 23
 20
 45
 42
Interest income
       
Infosys China
 –
 1
 1
 1
Sale of services
       
Infosys Australia
 4
 6
 14
 15
Infosys China
 2
 1
 4
 3
Infosys Brazil
 1
 –
 1
 –
Infosys Mexico
 3
 –
 3
 –
Infosys BPO (including subsidiaries)
 10
 –
 15
 8
Infosys Consulting
 20
 17
 41
 28
Sale of shared services including facilities and personnel
       
Infosys BPO (including subsidiaries)
 15
 21
 29
 45
Infosys Consulting
 –
 1
 21
 2
 
During the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2011, an amount of Rupee-symbol5 and Rupee-symbol10 crore, respectively (Nil for the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2010) was donated to Infosys Foundation, a not-for-profit foundation, in which certain directors of the Company are trustees.
 
During the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2011, an amount of Nil (Rupee-symbol7 crore and Rupee-symbol12 crore for the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2010 respectively) has been granted to Infosys Science Foundation, a not-for-profit foundation, in which certain directors and officers of the Company are trustees.
 
The table below describes the compensation to key managerial personnel which comprise directors and members of executive council:
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
Salaries and other employee benefits
 11
 8
 21
 20
 
2.27 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
Capital
 
 4
 
 4
Revenue
 161
 138
 310
 255
 
2.28 SEGMENT REPORTING
 
The Company's operations predominantly relate to providing end-to-end business solutions thereby enabling clients to enhance business performance, delivered to customers globally operating in various industry segments. Effective quarter ended June 30, 2011, the Company reorganized its business to increase its client focus. Consequent to the internal reorganization there were changes effected in the reportable segments based on the “management approach”, as laid down in AS 17, Segment reporting. The Chief Executive Officer evaluates the Company's performance and allocates resources based on an analysis of various performance indicators by industry classes and geographic segmentation of customers. Accordingly, segment information has been presented both along industry classes and geographic segmentation of customers, industry being the primary segment. The accounting principles used in the preparation of the financial statements are consistently applied to record revenue and expenditure in individual segments, and are as set out in the significant accounting policies.
 
Industry segments for the Company are primarily financial services and insurance (FSI) comprising enterprises providing banking, finance and insurance services, manufacturing enterprises (MFG), enterprises in the energy, utilities and telecommunication services (ECS) and retail, logistics, consumer product group, life sciences and health care enterprises (RCL). Geographic segmentation is based on business sourced from that geographic region and delivered from both on-site and off-shore. North America comprises the United States of America, Canada and Mexico, Europe includes continental Europe (both the east and the west), Ireland and the United Kingdom, and the Rest of the World comprising all other places except those mentioned above and India. Consequent to the above change in the composition of reportable segments, the prior year comparatives have been restated.
 
Revenue and identifiable operating expenses in relation to segments are categorized based on items that are individually identifiable to that segment. Allocated expenses of segments include expenses incurred for rendering services from the company's offshore software development centers and on-site expenses, which are categorized in relation to the associated turnover of the segment. Certain expenses such as depreciation, which form a significant component of total expenses, are not specifically allocable to specific segments as the underlying assets are used interchangeably. Management believes that it is not practical to provide segment disclosures relating to those costs and expenses, and accordingly these expenses are separately disclosed as "unallocated" and adjusted against the total income of the Company.
 
Fixed assets used in the Company’s business or liabilities contracted have not been identified to any of the reportable segments, as the fixed assets and services are used interchangeably between segments. Accordingly, no disclosure relating to total segment assets and liabilities are made. Geographical information on revenue and industry revenue information is collated based on individual customers invoiced or in relation to which the revenue is otherwise recognized.
 
Industry Segments
 
Quarter ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010:
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
 FSI
 MFG
 ECS
 RCL
 Total
Income from software services and products
 2,691
 1,444
 1,558
 1,777
 7,470
 
 2,323
 1,155
 1,600
 1,347
 6,425
Identifiable operating expenses
 1,269
 670
 716
 764
 3,419
 
 1,056
 511
 752
 593
 2,912
Allocated expenses
 603
 329
 355
 405
 1,692
 
 484
 240
 333
 280
 1,337
Segmental operating income
 819
 445
 487
 608
 2,359
 
 783
 404
 515
 474
 2,176
Unallocable expenses
       
 201
         
 187
Other income
       
 383
         
 248
Profit before tax
       
 2,541
         
 2,237
Tax expense
       
 719
         
 596
Profit for the period
       
 1,822
         
 1,641
 
Half-year ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010:
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
 FSI
 MFG
     ECS
 RCL
 Total
Income from software services and products
 5,188
 2,774
 3,024
 3,389
 14,375
 
 4,453
 2,218
 2,937
 2,575
 12,183
Identifiable operating expenses
 2,490
 1,301
 1,427
 1,486
 6,704
 
 2,023
 1,003
 1,409
 1,172
 5,607
Allocated expenses
 1,153
 630
 685
 770
 3,238
 
 929
 462
 611
 536
 2,538
Segmental operating income
 1,545
 843
 912
 1,133
 4,433
 
 1,501
 753
 917
 867
 4,038
Unallocable expenses
       
 392
         
 367
Other income
       
 798
         
 485
Profit before tax
       
 4,839
         
 4,156
Tax expense
       
 1,363
         
 1,084
Profit for the period
       
 3,476
         
 3,072
 
Geographic Segments
 
Quarter ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010:
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
 North America
 Europe
 India
 Rest of the World
 Total
Income from software services and products
 4,983
 1,449
 176
 862
 7,470
 
 4,279
 1,351
 146
 649
 6,425
Identifiable operating expenses
 2,164
 703
 85
 467
 3,419
 
 1,920
 584
 60
 348
 2,912
Allocated expenses
 1,135
 329
 38
 190
 1,692
 
 891
 281
 30
 135
 1,337
Segmental operating income
 1,684
 417
 53
 205
 2,359
 
 1,468
 486
 56
 166
 2,176
Unallocable expenses
       
 201
         
 187
Other income, net
       
 383
         
 248
Profit before tax
       
 2,541
         
 2,237
Tax expense
       
 719
         
 596
Profit for the period
       
 1,822
         
 1,641
 
Half-year ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010:
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
 North America
 Europe
 India
 Rest of the World
 Total
Income from software services and products
 9,500
 2,850
 372
 1,653
 14,375
 
 8,205
 2,479
 251
 1,248
 12,183
Identifiable operating expenses
 4,226
 1,384
 181
 913
 6,704
 
 3,725
 1,107
 112
 663
 5,607
Allocated expenses
 2,157
 643
 79
 359
 3,238
 
 1,710
 516
 52
 260
 2,538
Segmental operating income
 3,117
 823
 112
 381
 4,433
 
 2,770
 856
 87
 325
 4,038
Unallocable expenses
       
 392
         
 367
Other income, net
       
 798
         
 485
Profit before tax
       
 4,839
         
 4,156
Tax expense
       
 1,363
         
 1,084
Profit for the period
       
 3,476
         
 3,072
 
2.29 GRATUITY PLAN
 
The following table set out the status of the Gratuity Plan as required under AS 15.
 
Reconciliation of opening and closing balances of the present value of the defined benefit obligation and plan assets :
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
As at
 
September 30, 2011
March 31 2011
March 31, 2010
March 31, 2009
March 31, 2008
Obligations at year beginning
 459
 308
 256
 217
 221
Transfer of obligation
 
 
 (2)
 
 
Service cost
 88
 171
 72
 47
 47
Interest cost
 19
 24
 19
 15
 16
Actuarial (gain)/ loss
 (3)
 15
 (4)
 
 (9)
Benefits paid
 (36)
 (59)
 (33)
 (23)
 (21)
Amendment in benefit plans
 
 
 
 
 (37)
Obligations at year end
 527
 459
 308
 256
 217
Defined benefit obligation liability as at the balance sheet date is fully funded by the Company.
         
Change in plan assets
         
Plan assets at year beginning, at fair value
 459
310
 256
 229
 221
Expected return on plan assets
 23
 34
 24
 16
 18
Actuarial gain
 2
 1
 1
 5
 2
Contributions
 100
 173
 62
 29
 9
Benefits paid
 (36)
 (59)
 (33)
 (23)
 (21)
Plan assets at year end, at fair value
 548
 459
 310
 256
 229
Reconciliation of present value of the obligation and the fair value of the plan assets:
         
Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year/period
 548
 459
 310
 256
 229
Present value of the defined benefit obligations at the end of the year
 527
 459
 308
 256
 217
Asset recognized in the balance sheet
 21
 –
 2
 –
 12
Assumptions
         
Interest rate
8.44%
7.98%
7.82%
7.01%
7.92%
Estimated rate of return on plan assets
9.45%
9.36%
9.00%
7.01%
7.92%
Weighted expected rate of salary increase
7.27%
7.27%
7.27%
5.10%
5.10%
 
Net gratuity cost for the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010 comprises of the following components:
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Particulars
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
Gratuity cost for the year
       
Service cost
 21
 52
 88
 72
Interest cost
 10
 1
 19
 6
Expected return on plan assets
 (12)
 (9)
 (23)
 (16)
Actuarial (gain)/loss
 5
 13
 (5)
 13
Plan amendment amortization
 (1)
 (1)
 (2)
 (2)
Net gratuity cost
 23
 56
 77
 73
Actual return on plan assets
 13
 9
 25
 17
 
Gratuity cost, as disclosed above, is included under Employee benefit expenses and is segregated between software development expenses, selling and marketing expenses and general and administration expenses on the basis of number of employees.
 
During the year ended March 31, 2010, a reimbursement obligation of Rupee-symbol2 crore has been recognized towards settlement of gratuity liability of Infosys Consulting India Limited.
 
As at September 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011, the plan assets have been primarily invested in government securities. The estimates of future salary increases, considered in actuarial valuation, take account of inflation, seniority, promotion and other relevant factors such as supply and demand factors in the employment market. The Company expects to contribute approximately Rupee-symbol120 crore to the gratuity trust during the remainder of fiscal 2012.
 
Effective July 1, 2007, the Company revised the employee death benefits provided under the gratuity plan, and included all eligible employees under a consolidated term insurance cover. Accordingly, the obligations under the gratuity plan reduced by Rupee-symbol37 crore, which is being amortised on a straight line basis to the statement of profit and loss over 10 years representing the average future service period of the employees. The unamortized liability as at September 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011 amounted to Rupee-symbol20 crore and Rupee-symbol22 crore, respectively and disclosed under 'Other long-term liabilities and other current liabilities'.
 
2.30 PROVIDENT FUND
 
The Guidance on Implementing AS 15, Employee Benefits (revised 2005) issued by Accounting Standards Board (ASB) states that benefits involving employer established provident funds, which require interest shortfalls to be recompensed are to be considered as defined benefit plans. Pending the issuance of the final guidance note from the Actuarial Society of India, the Company’s actuary has expressed an inability to reliably measure provident fund liabilities. Accordingly the Company is unable to exhibit the related information.
 
"The Company contributed Rupee-symbol53 crore and Rupee-symbol104 crore towards provident fund during the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2011, respectively
 
( Rupee-symbol45 crore and Rupee-symbol88 crore during the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2010, respectively)."
 
2.31 SUPERANNUATION
 
The Company contributed Rupee-symbol16 crore and Rupee-symbol31 crore to the superannuation trust during the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2011, respectively (Rupee-symbol15 crore and Rupee-symbol29 crore during the quarter and half-year ended September 30, 2010, respectively).
 
2.32 RECONCILIATION OF BASIC AND DILUTED SHARES USED IN COMPUTING EARNINGS PER SHARE
 
Particulars
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
Number of shares considered as basic weighted average shares outstanding
57,41,92,822
57,39,64,967
57,41,79,961
57,39,17,317
Add: Effect of dilutive issues of shares/stock options
33,702
2,27,450
48,030
2,61,978
Number of shares considered as weighted average shares and potential shares outstanding
57,42,26,524
57,41,92,417
57,42,27,991
57,41,79,295
 
2.33 RESTRICTED DEPOSITS
 
Deposits with financial institutions as at September 30, 2011 include Rupee-symbol401 crore (Rupee-symbol431 crore and Rupee-symbol344 crore as at September 30, 2010 and March 31, 2011, respectively) deposited with Life Insurance Corporation of India to settle employee-related obligations as and when they arise during the normal course of business. This amount is considered as restricted cash and is hence not considered 'cash and cash equivalents'.
 
2.34 SCHEDULES TO CASH FLOW STATEMENTS
in Rupee-symbolcrore, except as otherwise stated
Particulars
Half-year ended September 30,
 
 2011
2010
2.34.1 CHANGE IN LOANS AND ADVANCES AND OTHER ASSETS
   
As per the balance sheet (current and non current)
 4,025
 2,994
Less: Gratuity obligation - unamortised amount relating to plan amendment(1)
 20
 24
   Interest accrued but not due
 18
 68
   Loan to subsidiary
 35
  Advance income taxes
 932
 610
 Capital Advance
 350
 172
 
 2,670
 2,120
Less: Opening balance considered
 2,375
 1,717
 
 295
 403
(1) refer to note 2.29
   
2.34.2 CHANGE IN LIABILITIES AND PROVISIONS
   
As per the balance sheet (current and non current)
 4,848
 5,923
Less: Unpaid dividend
 2
 2
Retention monies
 28
 31
Gratuity obligation - unamortised amount relating to plan amendment
 20
 24
Provisions separately considered in Cash Flow statement
   
Income taxes
 1,014
 885
Proposed dividend
 862
 2,296
Tax on dividend
 140
 381
 
 2,782
 2,304
Less: Opening balance considered
 2,215
 1,981
 
 567
 323
2.34.3 INCOME TAXES PAID
   
Charge as per the profit and loss account
 1,363
 1,084
Add/(Less) : Increase/(Decrease) in advance income taxes
 8
 (31)
Increase/(Decrease) in deferred taxes (1)
 37
 87
Increase/(Decrease) in MAT credit entitlement
 
 
(Increase)/Decrease in income tax provision
 (258)
 (166)
 
 1,150
 974
(1) excludes exchange difference of rupee-symbol 17 crore for the half-year ended September 30, 2011
   
2.34.4 PAYMENT TOWARDS CAPITAL EXPENDITURE
   
As per the balance sheet (1)
 304
 507
Less: Opening capital work-in-progress
 249
 228
Add: Closing capital work-in-progress
 393
 156
Add: Opening retention monies
 21
 66
Less: Closing retention monies
 28
 31
Add: Closing capital advance
 350
 172
Less: Opening capital advance
 250
 181
 
 541
 461
(1) Net of rupee-symbol 3 crore movement in land from leasehold to free-hold upon acquisition for the half-year ended September 30, 2010
   
2.34.5 INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES (1)
   
As per the balance sheet
 1,260
 1,167
Less: Opening balance considered
 1,202
 1,125
 
 58
 42
(1) Refer to note 2.26 for investment made in subsidiaries
   
2.34.6 INVESTMENT/(DISPOSAL) OF OTHER INVESTMENTS
   
Opening balance considered
 119
 3,497
Less: Closing balance
 24
 1,891
 
 95
 1,606
2.34.7 INTEREST AND DIVIDEND RECEIVED
   
Interest and dividend income as per profit and loss account
 749
 486
Add: Opening interest accrued but not due on certificate of deposits and bank deposits
 14
 14
Less: Closing interest accrued but not due on certificate of deposits and bank deposits
 18
 68
 
 745
 432
2.34.8 LOAN GIVEN TO SUBSIDIARIES
   
Closing Balance
 32
 46
Less: Opening balance
 32
 46
 
 
 
(1) excludes exchange difference of rupee-symbol 3 crore for the half-year ended September 30, 2011
   
2.34.9 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE END
   
As per the balance sheet
 16,918
 14,219
 
 16,918
 14,219
 
2.35 FUNCTION WISE CLASSIFICATION OF STATEMENT OF PROFIT AND LOSS
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Statement of Profit and Loss account for the
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
 
2011
2010
2011
2010
Income from software services and products
 7,470
 6,425
 14,375
 12,183
Software development expenses
 4,263
 3,565
 8,340
 6,847
GROSS PROFIT
 3,207
 2,860
 6,035
 5,336
Selling and marketing expenses
 369
 309
 691
 582
General and administration expenses
 479
 375
 911
 716
 
 848
 684
 1,602
 1,298
OPERATING PROFIT BEFORE DEPRECIATION
 2,359
 2,176
 4,433
 4,038
Depreciation and amortization
 201
 187
 392
 367
OPERATING PROFIT
 2,158
 1,989
 4,041
 3,671
Other income
 383
 248
 798
 485
PROFIT BEFORE TAX
 2,541
 2,237
 4,839
 4,156
Tax expense:
       
Current tax
 757
 625
 1,400
 1,167
Deferred tax
 (38)
 (29)
 (37)
 (83)
PROFIT FOR THE PERIOD
 1,822
 1,641
 3,476
 3,072
 
2.36 DETAILS OF ROUNDED OFF AMOUNTS
 
The financial statements are presented in Rupee-symbolcrore. Those items which are required to be disclosed and which were not presented in the financial statement due to rounding off to the nearest Rupee-symbolcrore are given as follows :
 
Balance Sheet Items
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Schedule
Description
As at
   
September 30, 2011
March 31, 2011
2.8
Fixed assets - Vehicles
   
 
Deletion during the period
 0.26
 0.08
 
Depreciation on deletions
 0.26
 0.08
2.10
Investments
   
 
Investment in Infosys Sweden
 0.06
 0.06
 
Profit & Loss Items
in Rupee-symbolcrore
Schedule
Description
Quarter ended September 30,
Half-year ended September 30,
   
2011
2010
2011
2010
Profit & Loss
Provision for Investment
 
 
 
 
 
Additional dividend
 
 
 0.02
 
 
Residual dividend
 
 
 
 0.08
 
Additional dividend tax
 
 
 
 0.01
2.19
Auditor's remuneration
       
 
Statutory audit fees
 0.23
 0.20
 0.46
 0.39
 
Certification charges
 0.02
 0.01
 0.04
 0.03
 
Out-of-pocket expenses
 0.01
 0.01
 0.02
 0.02
2.18
Profit on disposal of fixed assets, included in miscellaneous income
 0.62
 0.16
 0.65
 0.16

As per our report attached
for B S R & Co.
Chartered Accountants
Firm's Registration Number:101248W
 
Natrajh Ramakrishna
Partner
Membership No. 32815
K.V.Kamath
Chairman
S. Gopalakrishnan
Executive Co-Chairman
S. D. Shibulal
Chief Executive Officer and
Managing Director
Deepak M. Satwalekar
Director
         
 
Dr. Omkar Goswami
Director
Sridar A. Iyengar
Director
David L. Boyles
Director
Prof. Jeffrey S. Lehman
Director
         
 
R.Seshasayee
Director
Srinath Batni
Director
V. Balakrishnan
Chief Financial Officer
and Director
B. G. Srinivas
Director
         
Bangalore
October 12, 2011
Ashok Vemuri
Director
K. Parvatheesam
Company Secretary
   
 
 

 
 
Auditors’ Report on Quarterly Financial Results and Year to Date Financial Results of Infosys Limited (formerly Infosys Technologies Limited ) Pursuant to the Clause 41 of the Listing Agreement
 
 
To
The Board of Directors of Infosys Limited
 
We have audited the quarterly financial results of Infosys Limited (‘the Company’) for the quarter ended 30 September 2011 and year to date financial results for the period from 1 April 2011 to 30 September 2011, attached herewith, being submitted by the Company pursuant to the requirement of Clause 41 of the Listing Agreement, except for the disclosures regarding ‘Public Shareholding’ and ‘Promoter and Promoter Group Shareholding’ which have been traced from disclosures made by the Management and have not been audited by us. These quarterly financial results as well as the year to date financial results have been prepared on the basis of the interim financial statements, which are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial results based on our audit of such interim financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with the recognition and measurement principles laid down in Accounting Standard (AS) 25, Interim Financial Reporting, issued pursuant to the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 as per section 211 (3C) of the Companies Act, 1956 and other accounting principles generally accepted in India.
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in India. Those Standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial results are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts disclosed as financial results. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, these quarterly financial results as well as the year to date financial results:
 
(i)  
are presented in accordance with the requirements of Clause 41 of the Listing Agreement in this regard; and
 
(ii)  
give a true and fair view of the net profit and other financial information for the quarter ended 30 September 2011 as well as the year to date results for the period from 1 April 2011 to 30 September 2011.
 
Further, we also report that we have, on the basis of the books of account and other records and information and explanations given to us by the management, also verified the number of shares as well as percentage of shareholdings in respect of aggregate amount of public shareholdings, as furnished by the Company in terms of Clause 35 of the Listing Agreement and found the same to be correct.
 
for B S R & Co.
Chartered Accountants
Firm’s registration number: 101248W
 
Natarajh sign
Natrajh Ramakrishna
Partner
Membership number: 32815
 
Bangalore
12 October 2011