RESTRUCTURING CHARGES

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

We periodically take action to improve operating efficiencies, typically in connection with business acquisitions or changes in the economic environment. Our footprint and headcount reductions and organizational integration actions relate to discrete, unique restructuring events, primarily reflected in the following plans:

In 2020, the Company committed to workforce reduction plans in the United States and globally, as part of the Company's continued cost reduction efforts. The workforce reduction plans included a voluntary retirement program, and other voluntary and involuntary severance actions. These actions are substantially complete. The Company has incurred $216 million in employee termination costs related to these actions through December 31, 2022. Cash settlement of $192 million has been paid to date with the remaining cash settlement of $24 million expected to be paid over the duration of 2023 and 2024.

In addition, we ceased production in our Naples, Italy manufacturing plant and exited the facility in 2020. The collective dismissal procedure was completed in 2021. In connection with this action, we have incurred approximately $144 million total costs comprising $44 million in asset impairment costs, $30 million in other associated costs and $70 million in employee-related costs through December 31, 2022. Cash settlement of $98 million has been paid to date with the remaining nominal cash settlement to be paid in 2023. In the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company transferred the Naples manufacturing plant to the Italian government. No material financial impact arose as a result of the transaction.

The following tables summarize the changes to our restructuring liability for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:


Millions of Dollars	December 31, 2021		Charge to Earnings		Cash Paid		Non-Cash and Other		December 31, 2022
Employee Termination	$	53	$	7	$	(34)	$	—	$	26
Asset Impairment	8		9		—		(12)		$	5
Facility exit costs	—		2		(2)		—		$	—
Other exit costs	(4)		3		(4)		—		$	(5)
Total	$	57	$	21	$	(40)	$	(12)	$	26


Millions of dollars	December 31, 2020		Charge to Earnings		Cash Paid		Non-cash and Other		December 31, 2021
Employee termination costs	$	145	$	30	$	(122)	$	—	$	53
Asset impairment costs	8		1		—		(1)		8
Facility exit costs	—		2		(2)		—		—
Other exit costs	20		5		(22)		(7)		(4)
Total	$	173	$	38	$	(146)	$	(8)	$	57

The following table summarizes 2022 and 2021 restructuring charges by operating segment:


Millions of dollars	2022 Charges		2021 Charges		2020 Charges
North America	$	—	$	—	$	81
EMEA	23		38		154
Latin America	(2)		—		20
Asia	—		—		10
Corporate / Other	—		—		23
Total	$	21	$	38	$	288