PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2013

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment includes land, buildings and improvements, machinery and equipment, roads and other items.

Carrying Value of Property and Equipment and Estimated Service Lives

DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN MILLIONS
	RANGE OF LIVES	DECEMBER 31, 2013			DECEMBER 31, 2012
Property and equipment, at cost:
Land	N/A	$	129		$	129
Buildings and improvements	5–40	1,275			1,327
Machinery and equipment	2–25	6,742			6,926
Roads	10–20	594			549
Other	3–10	332			329
Total cost		9,072			9,260
Allowance for depreciation and amortization		(6,368		)	(6,388		)
Property and equipment, net		$	2,704		$	2,872

SERVICE LIVES AND DEPRECIATION

Buildings and improvements for property and equipment have estimated lives that are generally at either the high end or low end of the range from 5 years to 40 years, depending on the type and performance of construction.

The maximum service lives for machinery and equipment varies among our operations:

• Real Estate — 5 years;

• Timberlands — 15 years;

• Wood products manufacturing facilities — 20 years; and

• Primary pulp mills — 25 years.

Depreciation expense, excluding discontinued operations, was:

• $346 million in 2013,

• $344 million in 2012 and

• $374 million in 2011.