-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, HkoRkGqkkHxpgf3+wjX4jVLgZL3YLJ4BSSJDV+jpk8/nrPqK1vJ7gayQHkzmACBi Pp/hOynztkfkLhZLNSwIfQ== 0000940180-99-001462.txt : 19991124 0000940180-99-001462.hdr.sgml : 19991124 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000940180-99-001462 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: PRER14A PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 1 FILED AS OF DATE: 19991123 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: CBS CORP CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000106413 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: TELEVISION BROADCASTING STATIONS [4833] IRS NUMBER: 250877540 STATE OF INCORPORATION: PA FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: PRER14A SEC ACT: SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-00977 FILM NUMBER: 99762599 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 51 WEST 52ND STREET CITY: NEW YORK STATE: NY ZIP: 10019 BUSINESS PHONE: 2129754321 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 51 WEST 52ND STREET CITY: NEW YORK STATE: NY ZIP: 10019 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19920703 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING CO DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19710510 PRER14A 1 AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO SCHEDULE 14A Preliminary Proxy Statement--Subject to Completion AMENDMENT No. 2 TO SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Filed by the Registrant [X] Filed by a Party other than the Registrant [_] Check the appropriate box: [X]Preliminary Proxy Statement [_]Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as Permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2)) [_]Definitive Proxy Statement [_]Definitive Additional Materials [_]Soliciting Material Pursuant to (S)240.14a-11(c) or (S)240.14a-12 CBS Corporation ------------------------------------------------ (Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter) ------------------------------------------------ (Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant) Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box): [_]No fee required. [X]Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11. (1) Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies: (i) common stock, par value $1.00 per share, of CBS Corporation ("CBS Common Stock") and (ii) Series B Participating Preferred Stock, par value $1.00 per share, of CBS Corporation ("CBS Series B Preferred Stock"). (2) Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies: (i) 826,492,158 shares of CBS Common Stock, which is the sum of (A) the number of shares of CBS Common Stock outstanding on August 31, 1999, (B) the number of shares of CBS Common Stock issuable pursuant to outstanding stock options through the date the merger is expected to be consummated, and (C) the number of shares of CBS Common Stock otherwise expected to be issued prior to the date the merger is expected to be consummated and (ii) 10,141.691 shares of CBS Series B Preferred Stock outstanding as of November 9, 1999. (3) Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange ActRule 0-11 (Set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined): THE FILING FEE OF $7,774,286.00 WAS CALCULATED PURSUANT TO EXCHANGE ACT RULE 0- 11(c) (1) BY MULTIPLYING 1/50TH OF 1% BY THE VALUE OF CBS COMMON STOCK AND CBS SERIES B PREFERRED STOCK TO BE RECEIVED BY VIACOM INC. IN THE TRANSACTION. THE VALUE OF CBS COMMON STOCK WAS DETERMINED TO BE $46.445 IN ACCORDANCE WITH EXCHANGE ACT RULE 0-11(a) BASED ON THE AVERAGE HIGH AND LOW PRICES OF CBS COMMON STOCK AS REPORTED ON THE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS TAPE ON SEPTEMBER 30, 1999. THE AGGREGATE BOOK VALUE OF CBS SERIES B PREFERRED STOCK WAS DETERMINED TO BE $485,000,000 IN ACCORDANCE WITH EXCHANGE ACT RULE 0-11(a). (4) Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction: $38,871,428,800 (5) Total fee paid: $7,774,286.00 [_]Fee paid previously with preliminary materials. [X]Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing. (1) Amount Previously Paid: $10,806,258 (2) Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.: Amendment No. 1 to Form S-4 (3) Filing Party: VIACOM INC. (4) Date Filed: November 10, 1999 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may + +not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the + +Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an + +offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these + +securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted. + ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ PRELIMINARY PROXY STATEMENT--SUBJECT TO COMPLETION [LOGO] CBS CORPORATION 51 West 52nd Street New York, New York 10019 November 24, 1999 Dear CBS Shareholder, You are cordially invited to attend a special meeting of shareholders of CBS Corporation to be held on December . , 1999 at ., New York, New York, commencing at 10:00 a.m., eastern standard time. At the special meeting, you will be asked to consider and vote upon a proposal to adopt the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 6, 1999, as amended and restated as of October 8, 1999 and as of November 23, 1999, among CBS, Viacom Inc. and Viacom/CBS LLC, which provides for the merger of CBS and Viacom or, under specified circumstances, Viacom/CBS LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Viacom. Under the terms of the merger agreement, each issued and outstanding share of CBS common stock will be converted into the right to receive 1.085 shares of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock and each issued and outstanding share of CBS Series B preferred stock will be converted into the right to receive 1.085 shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock. Both Viacom's Class B common stock and CBS' common stock are listed and traded on the New York Stock Exchange. The merger agreement advances the vision we share with Viacom of building the preeminent global media and entertainment company. The combination of our companies, our powerful brands and our highly complementary businesses will create a company we believe is uniquely qualified to capitalize on new opportunities domestically and around the world. Your participation in the special meeting, in person or by proxy, is important. Even if you anticipate attending in person, we urge you to mark, sign and return the enclosed proxy card promptly in the enclosed postage-paid envelope to ensure that your shares of CBS common stock and CBS Series B preferred stock will be represented at the special meeting. If you do attend in person, you will be entitled to vote your shares in person. The joint proxy statement/prospectus that accompanies this letter contains information about Viacom and CBS and describes in detail the merger and related matters. Attached to the joint proxy statement/prospectus is a copy of the merger agreement, related agreements and other important information. Thank you, and we look forward to seeing you at the special meeting. Very truly yours, David T. McLaughlin Mel Karmazin Chairman of the Board President and Chief Executive Officer For a discussion of risk factors which you should consider in evaluating the merger, see "Risk Factors" beginning on page 18. Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the securities to be issued in the merger or determined whether this joint proxy statement/prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. This joint proxy statement/prospectus is dated November 24, 1999, and is first being mailed to shareholders on or about November 24, 1999. PRELIMINARY PROXY STATEMENT -- SUBJECT TO COMPLETION [LOGO] CBS CORPORATION 51 West 52nd Street New York, New York 10019 NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS To Be Held December . , 1999 To the Shareholders of CBS: A special meeting of shareholders of CBS Corporation, a Pennsylvania corporation, will be held on December . , 1999 at 10:00, a.m., eastern standard time, at ., New York, New York to consider and vote upon a proposal to adopt the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 6, 1999, as amended and restated as of October 8, 1999 and as of November 23, 1999, among CBS, Viacom Inc., a Delaware corporation, and Viacom/CBS LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, a copy of which is attached as Annex A to the joint proxy statement/prospectus that accompanies this notice. The merger agreement provides for the merger of CBS with and into Viacom or, under specified circumstances, with and into Viacom/CBS LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Viacom. If the merger agreement is adopted and the merger is consummated each issued and outstanding share of CBS common stock, par value $1.00 per share, will be converted into the right to receive 1.085 shares of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock, par value $.01 per share, and each issued and outstanding share of CBS Series B preferred stock, par value $1.00 per share, will be converted into the right to receive 1.085 shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock, par value $.01 per share. Holders of record of CBS common stock and CBS Series B preferred stock at the close of business on November 17, 1999, will be entitled to vote at the special meeting or any adjournments or postponements of the special meeting. The Board of Directors of CBS has determined that the merger is in the best interests of CBS and its shareholders, has unanimously approved the merger and the merger agreement and unanimously recommends that shareholders vote to adopt the merger agreement. Detailed information concerning the merger, the merger agreement, related agreements and other related matters is contained in the attached joint proxy statement/prospectus and its annexes. Please read this information carefully. The vote of each CBS shareholder is important. We urge you to mark, sign and return your proxy card promptly in the enclosed postage-paid envelope to ensure that your shares of CBS common stock and CBS Series B preferred stock will be represented at the special meeting. If you attend the special meeting in person, you will be entitled to vote your shares in person. If you plan to attend the special meeting, please keep the admission ticket that is attached to your proxy card, and also check the appropriate box on your proxy card. Shareholders who own shares through banks or brokers and who plan to attend must send a written notification, along with proof of ownership, such as a bank or brokerage firm account statement, to the Secretary's Office, CBS Corporation, 51 West 52nd Street, New York, New York 10019. The names of those shareholders indicating they plan to attend will be placed on an admission list held at the entrance to the meeting. Admission tickets will not be mailed in advance of the meeting. On behalf of the Board of Directors, Angeline C. Straka Secretary New York, New York YOUR VOTE IS IMPORTANT. PLEASE COMPLETE, SIGN, DATE AND RETURN YOUR PROXY. HOLDERS OF CBS COMMON STOCK AND CBS SERIES B PREFERRED STOCK SHOULD NOT SEND STOCK CERTIFICATES WITH THEIR PROXY CARDS. 2 PRELIMINARY PROXY STATEMENT--SUBJECT TO COMPLETION TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page ---- QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE MERGER.................................... 1 SUMMARY................................................................... 5 The Companies........................................................... 5 Terms of the Merger..................................................... 5 Ownership of the Combined Company Following the Merger.................. 6 Shareholders Entitled to Consent or Vote; Vote Required; Voting Agreements............................................................. 6 Quorum at CBS Special Meeting........................................... 6 Interests of Directors and Executive Officers of Viacom and CBS......... 6 Fairness Opinions of Financial Advisors................................. 8 The Merger.............................................................. 8 Viacom Summary Historical Financial Data................................ 11 CBS Summary Historical Financial Data................................... 12 Summary Unaudited Viacom/CBS Pro Forma Combined Financial Information... 14 Unaudited Viacom/CBS Comparative Per Share Data......................... 15 Comparative Market Prices and Dividends................................. 16 RISK FACTORS.............................................................. 18 Risks Relating to the Merger............................................ 18 Fixed Exchange Ratio May Result in Lower Value of Merger Consideration........................................................ 18 The Merger Is Subject to Review and Approval by the Federal Communications Commission Which May Delay the Completion of the Merger and/or Lessen the Anticipated Benefits of the Merger.......... 18 Antitrust Regulatory Agencies May Oppose or Impose Conditions on the Merger Which May Delay the Completion of the Merger and/or Lessen the Anticipated Benefits of the Merger................................... 18 Mr. Redstone, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Viacom, Will Be the Controlling Shareholder and May Therefore Determine the Outcome of Most Shareholder Votes............................................ 19 The Combined Company's Corporate Governance Structure Will Be Unusual and May Not be a Successful Model for Managing the Combined Company.. 19 The Split-off of Blockbuster from Viacom May Not Occur, Which May Hinder the Operations of Viacom's Different Businesses............... 19 Viacom May Incur a Significant Loss Resulting from the Split-off of Blockbuster.......................................................... 20 Potentially Significant Increases in Depreciation and Amortization Expense May Result from Amortization Periods Which Are Shorter than Preliminary Estimates Reflected in the Pro Forma Financial Statements Which Would Cause Net Earnings to Decrease........................... 20 Risks Relating to the Combined Company.................................. 20 Competitive Developments and Technologies May Adversely Affect the Combined Company's Future Market Share of Entertainment Audiences and Customers, Which in Turn May Affect the Combined Company's Advertising Revenues and Profitability............................... 20 Expenditures by Advertisers Tend to Be Cyclical and Dependent on the Economic Prospects of Advertisers and the Economy in General Which Could Cause Revenues of the Combined Company from Advertisements to Decline Significantly in any Given Period Generally or in Specific Markets.............................................................. 21 Acceptance of the Combined Company's Programming by the Public is Difficult to Predict, Which Could Lead to Fluctuations in Revenues... 21 The Combined Company's Revenues are Dependent upon the Maintenance of Affiliation Agreements............................................... 22 Changes in Federal Communications Laws and Regulations May Have an Adverse Effect on the Combined Company's Business.................... 22 The Combined Company Has Environmental, Asbestos and Other Contingent Liabilities That Could Have a Significant Impact on the Combined Company.............................................................. 22
i PRELIMINARY PROXY STATEMENT--SUBJECT TO COMPLETION
Page ---- CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS................ 24 UNAUDITED PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION.............. 25 Unaudited Viacom/CBS Pro Forma Combined Condensed Financial Information............................................................ 25 Unaudited CBS/King World Pro Forma Combined Condensed Financial Information............................................................ 34 THE MERGER................................................................ 46 Background to the Merger................................................ 46 Reasons for the Merger and Board Recommendations........................ 49 Opinions of Financial Advisors.......................................... 53 Directors, Management and Corporate Governance of the Combined Company.. 67 Accounting Treatment.................................................... 70 Federal Income Tax Consequences......................................... 71 Merger Consideration.................................................... 73 Conversion of Shares; Procedures for Exchange of Certificates; Fractional Shares...................................................... 73 Litigation.............................................................. 74 Effective Time of the Merger............................................ 74 Federal Securities Laws Consequences.................................... 74 Stock Exchange Quotation................................................ 74 Dissenters' Rights of Appraisal......................................... 75 Delisting and Deregistration of CBS Common Stock........................ 75 THE MERGER AGREEMENT AND RELATED AGREEMENTS............................... 76 The Merger Agreement.................................................... 76 The Voting Agreements................................................... 83 The Stockholder Agreement............................................... 84 INTERESTS OF PERSONS IN THE MERGER--SENIOR MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS........ 85 Viacom.................................................................. 85 CBS..................................................................... 87 THE COMPANIES............................................................. 89 Viacom's Business....................................................... 89 CBS' Business........................................................... 91
REGULATORY MATTERS AND THIRD-PARTY APPROVALS............................... 93 Antitrust................................................................ 93 Federal Regulation of Television and Radio Broadcasting.................. 93 Other Regulations, Legislation and Recent Developments Affecting Broadcast Stations...................................................... 97 Internet................................................................. 98 DESCRIPTION OF VIACOM CAPITAL STOCK FOLLOWING THE MERGER................... 99 Viacom Class A Common Stock.............................................. 99 Viacom Class B Common Stock.............................................. 99 Voting and Other Rights of Viacom Common Stock........................... 99 Viacom Series C Preferred Stock.......................................... 100 Other Viacom Preferred Stock............................................. 102 COMPARISON OF RIGHTS OF HOLDERS OF VIACOM STOCK AND CBS STOCK.............. 103
ii PRELIMINARY PROXY STATEMENT--SUBJECT TO COMPLETION
Page ---- ADOPTION OF NEW RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION.................... 132 AMENDMENT TO THE VIACOM 1997 LONG-TERM MANAGEMENT INCENTIVE PLAN......... 133 SOLICITATION OF CONSENTS AND PROXIES..................................... 135 SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS.................................................... 136 LEGAL MATTERS............................................................ 137 EXPERTS.................................................................. 137 WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION AND INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE............................................................... 137 Viacom................................................................. 138 CBS.................................................................... 138
ANNEXES Annex A Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger Annex B Restated Certificate of Incorporation Annex C Amended and Restated By-laws Annex D Voting Agreement Annex E Stockholder Agreement Annex F Sumner Redstone's Employment Agreement Annex G Mel Karmazin's Employment Agreement Annex H Opinion of Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated Annex I Opinion of Evercore Group Inc.
iii QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE MERGER Q: Why are the two companies proposing to merge? A: Viacom and CBS believe that the merger advances the vision we share of building the preeminent global media and entertainment company. The combination of our companies, our powerful brands and our highly complementary businesses will create a company we believe is uniquely qualified to capitalize on new opportunities domestically and around the world. To review the reasons for the merger in greater detail, see pages 49 through 52. Q: What will I receive in the merger? A: Viacom Shareholders: You will retain the shares of Viacom common stock you currently own. CBS Holders of Common Stock: You will be entitled to receive 1.085 shares of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock in exchange for each share of CBS common stock you own. Viacom will not issue fractional shares. Instead, you will receive a payment equal to the market value of the fractional share. For example: . If you currently own 1,000 shares of CBS common stock, then after the merger you will be entitled to receive 1,085 shares of Viacom non- voting Class B common stock. . If you currently own 100 shares of CBS common stock, then after the merger you will be entitled to receive 108 shares of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock and a check for the market value of the 0.5 fractional share of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock. CBS Holders of Preferred Stock: You will be entitled to receive 1.085 shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock in exchange for each share of CBS Series B preferred stock you own. Viacom will not issue fractional shares. Instead, you will receive a payment equal to the market value of the Viacom Class B common stock into which the fractional share would be convertible. Each share of Viacom Series C preferred stock has the voting power of 100 shares of Viacom Class A common stock and is convertible at the option of the holder into 1,000 shares of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock. On November 19, 1999, the closing price per share on the NYSE of Viacom Class B common stock was $52.4375 and of CBS common stock was $53.8125. Q: As a shareholder, how will the merger affect me? A: Viacom Shareholders: After the merger, each share of Viacom common stock that you own will represent a smaller ownership percentage of a significantly larger company. CBS Holders of Common Stock and Preferred Stock: After the merger, you will own shares of a combined company that will own the assets of both Viacom and CBS. The name of the combined company will be Viacom Inc. Holders of CBS common stock will receive shares of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock. Holders of CBS Series B preferred stock will receive shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock. The holders of Viacom Class A common stock and the holders of Viacom Series C preferred stock will have all the voting rights of Viacom's capital stock. A majority of the Viacom Class A common stock is held by National Amusements, Inc. which, in turn, is controlled by Sumner Redstone, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Viacom. 1 Q: Who will manage the combined company after the merger? A: Following the merger, the Board of Directors of the combined company will be expanded from ten to 18 directors. The eight additional directors will initially be selected from and designated by the Board of Directors of CBS and vacancies in this group will be filled during the initial three- year term by independent directors designated by the remaining CBS directors. Mr. Redstone will continue to serve as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the combined company and will be responsible, in consultation with the President and Chief Operating Officer, for corporate policy and strategy. Mel Karmazin, the current President and Chief Executive Officer of CBS, will serve as President and Chief Operating Officer of the combined company, will report directly to the CEO of the combined company and consult with the CEO on all major decisions and will supervise, coordinate and manage the combined company's business. In a number of areas, such as approving larger transactions, Mr. Karmazin may not act without the approval of, and the combined company's board may act by, a majority of the directors. Ten of the 18 directors of the combined company are expected to be designees of Viacom or their successors and could therefore control actions which may be taken by a majority of the combined company's directors. In all other areas, Mr. Karmazin's authority to manage the combined company may be limited only through action by a supermajority of at least 14 directors. As a result, Mr. Karmazin will have an unusual degree of autonomy for a President and COO of a large corporation. The governance arrangements described above will be in effect for a period of three years from the closing of the merger, unless 14 of the 18 directors determine to modify these arrangements or Mr. Karmazin is not the COO or CEO of the combined company. The governing structure of the combined company during this three year period is an important part of the merger. We recommend that you read the complete explanation of this structure on pages 67 through 70 carefully, as well as the complete text of the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation attached as Annex B to this joint proxy statement/prospectus. Q: What do I need to do now? A: Viacom Class A Shareholders: After carefully reading and considering the information contained in this joint proxy statement/prospectus, complete the enclosed consent card and sign and submit it in the enclosed return envelope as soon as possible. If you sign and submit your consent card but do not indicate whether you consent to any individual proposal, your consent card will be counted as a consent to the adoption of the merger agreement and the proposed new Viacom Restated Certificate of Incorporation, and the issuance of shares of Viacom Class B common stock and Viacom Series C preferred stock in connection with the merger and the amendment to Viacom's incentive plan. If you do not submit a properly executed consent card or if you abstain, it will have the effect of a vote against the adoption of the merger agreement and the proposed new Viacom Restated Certificate of Incorporation and the issuance of Viacom Class B common stock and Viacom Series C preferred stock in connection with the merger and the amendment to Viacom's incentive plan. CBS Holders of Common Stock and Preferred Stock: After carefully reading and considering the information contained in this joint proxy statement/prospectus, 2 indicate on the enclosed proxy card how you want to vote, and sign and submit it in the enclosed return envelope as soon as possible so that your shares may be represented at the special meeting. If you sign and submit your proxy card but do not indicate how you want to vote, your shares will be voted in favor of the adoption of the merger agreement. If you do not vote or you abstain, it will have no effect on whether the proposal is passed. The CBS Board is not aware of any matter other than that set forth in this joint proxy statement/prospectus that will be brought before the CBS special meeting. If, however, other matters are properly presented at the CBS special meeting, proxies will be voted in accordance with the discretion of the holders of such proxies. Q: If my shares are held in the name of my broker, will my broker give consent or vote for me? A: Viacom Class A Shareholders: Your broker will execute a consent card for your shares only if you provide instructions to do so. Without instructions, your broker will not execute a consent card for your shares. CBS Holders of Common Stock and Preferred Stock: Your broker will vote your shares only if you provide instructions on how to vote. You should instruct your broker to vote your shares according to your directions. Without instructions, your shares will not be voted. Q: Can I revoke my consent card or change my vote after I have submitted my signed consent card or proxy card? A: Viacom Class A Shareholders: You can revoke your consent or, if you have previously revoked your consent, submit a new consent card at any time prior to the time that consents from the holders of a majority of the outstanding Viacom Class A common stock are delivered to Viacom, which is expected to occur at 12:00 noon on December 23, 1999, by sending your revocation or new consent card to Viacom at the address indicated below. CBS Holders of Common Stock and Preferred Stock: You can change your vote at any time before your proxy is voted at the special meeting. You can do this in one of the following three ways: . First, you can send a written notice stating that you would like to revoke your proxy to the appropriate company at the address indicated below. . Second, you can complete and submit a new proxy card. . Third, you can attend the special meeting and vote in person. Simply attending the meeting, however, will not revoke your proxy; you must vote at the special meeting. If you have instructed a broker to vote your shares, you must follow directions received from your broker to change your vote. Q: Should I send in my stock certificates now? A: Viacom Shareholders: No. You will keep the stock certificates you currently own. CBS Holders of Common Stock and Preferred Stock: No. After the merger is completed, Viacom will appoint an exchange agent to coordinate the exchange of your shares of CBS common stock or preferred stock for shares of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock or Viacom Series C preferred stock. The exchange agent will send you written instructions on how to exchange your stock certificates. Q: When do you expect the merger to be completed? A: We are working to complete the merger as soon as possible. In addition to shareholder approvals, we must also obtain regulatory approvals and satisfy other conditions set forth in the merger agreement. We hope to complete the merger in the first half of 2000. 3 Q: What are the tax consequences of the merger to me? A: Viacom Shareholders: There will be no tax consequences to you as a result of the merger. CBS Holders of Common Stock and Preferred Stock: The exchange of CBS common stock for Viacom non-voting Class B common stock and the exchange of CBS Series B preferred stock for Viacom Series C preferred stock will be tax-free for federal income tax purposes. However, you will have to pay taxes on the payments received for fractional shares. We recommend that you read the complete explanation of the tax consequences on pages 71 through 72 carefully. Q: Who can help answer my questions? A: If you would like additional copies of this joint proxy statement/prospectus, or if you have questions about the merger, you should contact: VIACOM SHAREHOLDERS: Viacom Inc. 1515 Broadway 53rd Floor New York, New York 10036 Attention: Investor Relations Phone Number: (212) 258-6700 CBS SHAREHOLDERS: CBS Corporation 40 West 57th Street New York, New York 10019 Attention: Investor Relations Phone Number: (212) 314-9209 4 SUMMARY This summary highlights selected information from this joint proxy statement/prospectus, and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. To understand the merger fully and for a complete description of the legal terms of the merger, you should read carefully this entire joint proxy statement/prospectus and the documents to which we have referred you. See "Where You Can Find More Information and Incorporation of Documents by Reference" on page 137. The merger agreement is attached as Annex A to this joint proxy statement/prospectus. We encourage you to read the merger agreement, as it is the legal document that governs the merger. The Companies Viacom Inc. 1515 Broadway New York, NY 10036 (212) 258-6000 Viacom Inc. is a diversified entertainment company with operations in six segments: (1) Networks, (2) Entertainment, (3) Video, (4) Parks, (5) Publishing and (6) Online. The Networks segment operates MTV: Music Television(R), Showtime(R), Nickelodeon(R), Nick at Nite(R), VH1 Music First(R) and TV Land(R), among other program services. The Entertainment segment, which includes Paramount Pictures(R), Paramount Television(R), Paramount Stations Group and Spelling Entertainment Group Inc., produces and distributes theatrical motion pictures and television programming and operates or programs 19 broadcast television stations. The Video segment consists of an approximately 82% interest in Blockbuster Inc. (NYSE: BBI) which operates and franchises Blockbuster Video(R) stores worldwide. The Parks segment, through Paramount Parks(R), owns and operates five theme parks and a themed attraction in the U.S. and Canada. The Publishing segment publishes and distributes consumer books and related multimedia products under such imprints as Simon & Schuster(R). The Online segment provides online music and children destinations featuring entertainment, information, community tools and e-commerce. CBS Corporation 51 West 52nd Street New York, NY 10019 (212) 975-4321 CBS is one of the largest radio and television broadcasters in the United States. CBS operates its business through its Television, Cable and Infinity segments. The Television segment consists of CBS' 16 owned and operated television stations and the CBS television network, which includes CBS' Internet businesses. CBS acquired television broadcast station KTVT-TV Dallas- Fort Worth, Texas on October 12, 1999. CBS acquired King World Productions, Inc., the distributor of a number of shows, including "The Oprah Winfrey Show", on November 15, 1999. The Cable segment includes CBS' cable networks, consisting of The Nashville Network, Country Music Television and two regional sports networks. The Infinity segment corresponds to Infinity Broadcasting Corporation (NYSE: INF), which conducts CBS' radio and outdoor advertising business. CBS' Internet businesses include its operation of the Internet sites CBS.com and Country.com, as well as its investments in SportsLine.com Inc., MarketWatch.com, Inc. and other Internet businesses. CBS, through Infinity, has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Outdoor Systems, Inc., a leading outdoor advertising company in North America. CBS believes that this transaction will be completed during November 1999. Terms of the Merger Either CBS will be merged with and into Viacom and Viacom will be the surviving corporation or CBS will merge with and into Viacom/CBS LLC and Viacom/CBS LLC will be the surviving entity and wholly owned by Viacom. The merger of CBS into Viacom/CBS LLC will occur only if guidance is received from the IRS or another appropriate governmental authority that the merger of CBS into Viacom/CBS LLC will not adversely affect the tax treatment of the merger and if the merger would not result in an adverse tax effect to Viacom, CBS or their respective shareholders. 5 The alternative structure for the proposed merger results in the formation of a subsidiary of Viacom which will only contain the assets and liabilities of CBS, thereby providing Viacom with insulation from CBS' contingent liabilities, such as CBS' environmental liabilities. Ownership of the Combined Company Following the Merger We anticipate that holders of CBS common stock will receive approximately 812 million shares of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock in the merger and that holders of CBS Series B preferred stock will receive Viacom Series C preferred stock convertible into approximately 11 million shares of Viacom Class B common stock. Based on those numbers, immediately following the merger, the former CBS shareholders will hold an aggregate equity interest in Viacom of approximately 54%. The Viacom voting Class A common stock will continue to be controlled by National Amusements which, in turn, is controlled by Mr. Redstone. Shareholders Entitled to Consent or Vote; Vote Required; Voting Agreements Viacom Class A Shareholders: Only shareholders of record at the close of business on the record date of November 12, 1999 will be entitled to take action by written consent concerning these proposals. On the record date, there were 139,690,499 shares of Viacom Class A common stock outstanding. Approval of the adoption of the merger agreement and the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the issuance of Viacom Class B common stock and Viacom Series C preferred stock in connection with the merger and the amendment to the Viacom incentive plan will occur when the holders of a majority of the outstanding Viacom Class A common stock delivers properly dated and executed consents to Viacom. CBS Holders of Common Stock and Preferred Stock: Only shareholders of record at the close of business on the record date of November 17, 1999 will be entitled to vote at the special meeting. On the record date, there were approximately 764.2 million shares of CBS common stock outstanding and approximately 10,142 shares of CBS Series B preferred stock outstanding. Each holder of CBS common stock will have one vote at the special meeting for each share of CBS common stock owned on the record date. Each holder of CBS Series B preferred stock will have 1,000 votes at the special meeting for each share of CBS Series B preferred stock owned on the record date. A majority of votes cast by all shareholders entitled to vote at the CBS special meeting is required to adopt the merger agreement. On the record date, directors and executive officers of CBS and their affiliates were entitled to vote 4,630,080 shares of CBS common stock, or approximately 0.6% of the shares of CBS common stock outstanding on the record date, and no shares of CBS Series B preferred stock. Quorum at CBS Special Meeting CBS. The presence at the CBS special meeting, either in person or by proxy, of shareholders entitled to cast at least a majority of the votes that all shareholders are entitled to cast is required in order for a quorum to be present for purposes of voting on the adoption of the merger agreement. In the event that a quorum is not present at the CBS special meeting, it is expected that the meeting will be adjourned or postponed to solicit additional proxies. Shares of CBS common stock or CBS Series B preferred stock represented at the applicable special meeting but not voting, including shares of CBS common stock or CBS Series B preferred stock for which proxy cards have been received, but with respect to which holders of shares have abstained on any matter, will be treated as present at the special meeting for purposes of determining the presence or absence of a quorum for the transaction of all business. The persons named as proxies by a CBS shareholder may propose and vote for one or more adjournments of the applicable special meeting, including, without limitation, adjournments to permit further solicitations of proxies in favor of a proposal; provided, however, that a proxy that is voted against the proposal to adopt the merger agreement may not be voted in favor of any such adjournment or postponement. Interests of Directors and Executive Officers of Viacom and CBS A number of directors and executive officers of CBS and Viacom have interests in the merger as employees and/or directors that are different from, 6 or in addition to, your interests as a shareholder. If the merger is completed, several of the directors and members of the existing senior management of each of CBS and Viacom will be designated as members of the initial Board of Directors and senior management of the combined company after the merger. Indemnification arrangements for existing directors and officers of CBS and Viacom will be continued. In particular, the following executives have entered into compensation arrangements in connection with the Merger: Mr. Redstone: Viacom entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Redstone to serve as its Chairman and CEO following the effective time of the merger. Mr. Redstone will receive an annual base salary of $1 million and an annual bonus, with an established target bonus of $5 million and a maximum bonus of $10 million for calendar year 2000, prorated to reflect the actual number of days that the agreement is in effect during the year 2000. The target and maximum bonus amounts increase by 10% annually through 2003. Mr. Redstone will also receive deferred compensation of $2 million during calendar year 2000, prorated to reflect the number of days the agreement is in effect during the year 2000, thereafter to be increased annually by 10% of his salary and deferred compensation for the preceding year. He will also receive a grant of options to purchase 2,000,000 shares of Viacom Class B common stock, vesting in three equal annual installments. Mr. Karmazin: In contemplation of the merger, Viacom entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Karmazin that becomes effective only upon the consummation of the merger, except for a stock "lock-up" provision which became effective upon the signing of the employment agreement, and continues through December 31, 2003. Pursuant to the agreement, Mr. Karmazin will serve as the President and COO of Viacom. Mr. Karmazin will receive an annual base salary of $1 million and an annual bonus, with an established target bonus of $5 million and a maximum bonus of $10 million for calendar year 2000, prorated to reflect the actual number of days that the agreement is in effect during the year 2000, which target and maximum amounts will increase by 10% annually. Mr. Karmazin will also receive deferred compensation of $2 million during calendar year 2000, prorated to reflect the number of days that the agreement is in effect during the year 2000, thereafter to be increased annually during the remainder of his employment in an amount equal to 10% of his salary and deferred compensation for the preceding year. The agreement provides for a grant of options to purchase 2,000,000 shares of Viacom Class B common stock, vesting in three equal annual installments. During his employment term, Mr. Karmazin will be provided with $5 million of life insurance. Mr. Karmazin will also be entitled to a gross-up for any "golden parachute" excise tax that may be imposed on him under the Internal Revenue Code as a result of any payment or benefit he receives under his agreement or otherwise. Messrs. Dauman and Dooley: Pursuant to agreements entered into with Viacom on September 6, 1999, Messrs. Dauman and Dooley, the Deputy Chairmen and Executive Vice Presidents of Viacom, have agreed to resign from Viacom effective at the effective time of the merger and will each receive the following payments: (1) as soon as practicable after their resignations: . a one-time cash payment equal to the amount that would have been payable under their current employment agreements through their original terms, or December 31, 2003, . payouts of all deferred compensation accounts and the balance of their accounts under the Viacom Excess Investment Plan, and . a transaction bonus in the amount of $5,000,000; (2) on the earlier of the effective time of the merger and the date on which Viacom pays 1999 bonuses to its executive officers generally, the greatest of: . 110% of their respective bonuses received for 1998, 7 . amounts which, when added to their salary and deferred compensation payable for 1999, would produce the highest 1999 total cash compensation paid to any other executive officer of Viacom or any of its affiliates, and . an amount the Viacom Board determines is appropriate to compensate each executive for his contribution to Viacom in 1999; and (3) All equity-based compensation awards previously granted to Messrs. Dauman and Dooley will vest on the effective date of their resignation and each stock option will continue to be exercisable in accordance with its terms until December 31, 2003, subject to their compliance with the provisions of their resignation agreements. Assuming the merger is consummated on January 1, 2000 and the 1999 bonuses are paid at 110%, it is estimated that each of Messrs. Dauman and Dooley will receive aggregate payments under (1) and (2) above (excluding any payouts of deferred compensation accounts and Viacom Excess Investment Plan balances) of approximately $41 million. In addition, under (3) above, each of Messrs. Dauman and Dooley's unexercised stock options have a value of approximately $114, assuming such options were exercised on November 19,1999 at their applicable exercise price. For a more complete description of these arrangements, please read the section "Interests of Persons in the Merger--Senior Management Arrangements." Fairness Opinions of Financial Advisors In deciding to approve the merger, each Board considered the opinion of its financial advisor. Viacom received an opinion from its financial advisor, Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, as to the fairness of the merger to Viacom from a financial point of view, and CBS received an opinion from its financial advisor, Evercore Group Inc., an affiliate of Evercore Partners Inc., as to the fairness of the merger to its shareholders from a financial point of view. These opinions are attached as Annexes H and I, respectively, to this joint proxy statement/prospectus. The opinions are not a recommendation as to how you should vote your shares. We encourage you to read these opinions carefully. The Merger Conditions to the Merger We will complete the merger only if various conditions are satisfied or waived, including the following: . CBS shareholders vote to adopt the merger agreement; . Viacom shareholders approve: - the adoption of the merger agreement if CBS merges into Viacom; - the adoption of the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation and the issuance of Viacom Class B common stock and Viacom Series C preferred stock in connection with the merger, if CBS merges into Viacom/CBS LLC; . no law or court order prohibits the merger or makes the merger illegal; . the registration statement of which this joint proxy statement/prospectus forms a part has been declared effective and no stop order suspending its effectiveness is in effect; . the shares of Viacom Class B common stock to be issued to shareholders of CBS in the merger have been authorized for listing by the NYSE, subject to official notice of issuance; . Viacom and CBS obtain all regulatory approvals necessary to complete the merger; . each of Viacom and CBS has certified to the other that its representations and warranties are true and correct except as would not have a material adverse effect and that its material obligations under the merger agreement have been complied with in all material respects; and 8 . Viacom and CBS have each obtained an opinion from their respective tax counsel that the merger will be tax-free. In the event the CBS shareholders do not vote to adopt the merger agreement, both Viacom and CBS have the right to terminate the merger agreement. Neither company has determined whether its termination right would be exercised if shareholders vote against adoption of the merger agreement or the merger agreement is otherwise terminable for any reason. No Solicitation of Competing Transactions The merger agreement prohibits CBS from soliciting any proposal from, or providing information to or negotiating with, another party for the sale or transfer of more than 35% of the voting power or assets of CBS. However, until the CBS shareholders adopt the merger agreement, CBS may consider an unsolicited proposal for a competing transaction from another party which CBS' Board of Directors determines in good faith reasonably can be expected to result in a superior proposal, and CBS may furnish information to that party. A superior proposal is a proposal to acquire more than 50% of the voting power or all or substantially all of the assets of CBS for consideration which the CBS Board determines in good faith is more favorable than that to be received by CBS shareholders in the merger. CBS must notify Viacom if it begins to negotiate a competing transaction. Termination of the Merger Agreement The Boards of Directors of both our companies can jointly agree to terminate the merger agreement at any time without completing the merger. In addition, the merger agreement may also be terminated: . by either company, if the merger is not completed by August 31, 2000; . by either company, if the shareholders of CBS do not approve the merger; . by either company, if a governmental authority has issued a final and nonappealable order permanently prohibiting the merger; . by either company, if the other company breaches any of the representations or warranties it made in the merger agreement in a manner so as to have a material adverse effect on that company, or the other company, including, in Viacom's case, Viacom/CBS LLC, materially fails to comply with any of the material obligations it has under the merger agreement, in either case such that the conditions to closing relating to the representations and warranties or covenants would not be satisfied; or . by CBS, if prior to the adoption of the merger agreement by the CBS shareholders CBS gives notice to Viacom of the existence of a superior proposal. Termination Fees CBS is required to pay Viacom a termination fee of $1 billion if: . (1) Viacom or CBS terminates the merger agreement because the CBS shareholders fail to adopt the merger agreement at the CBS special meeting, (2) a competing proposal to acquire more than 50% of the voting power or assets of CBS has been made public at or prior to the failure to adopt the merger agreement and (3) within 12 months after termination, a binding agreement to enter into a competing transaction is entered into by CBS or a competing transaction is consummated; or . CBS terminates the merger agreement because, prior to the adoption of the merger agreement by CBS shareholders, CBS gives notice to Viacom of the existence of a superior proposal. Regulatory Approvals Under U.S. antitrust laws, we may not complete the merger until we have notified the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission of the merger and filed the necessary report forms and until a required waiting period has ended. Viacom made its notification on September 20, 1999 and CBS made its notification on September 23, 1999. On October 22, 1999, the Antitrust Division of the DOJ issued to the parties a Request for Additional Information and Documentary Material, which extends the waiting period until 20 calendar days after the parties substantially comply with the request. However, the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission continue to have the authority to challenge the merger on antitrust grounds before and after the merger is completed. 9 Under U.S. federal communications laws, the merger will result in a transfer of control to Viacom of licenses held by CBS, and, therefore, the merger requires the prior review and approval of the Federal Communications Commission. Both Viacom and CBS have requested the required approval in an application to the FCC, which was filed November 16, 1999. This application is subject to comments by the public, and any decision may be further reviewed or reconsidered by the FCC or a court. In order to comply with applicable law and to secure the approval of the FCC, Viacom, CBS or both may need to divest some or all of their respective interests in a number of radio and television licenses as well as some or all of Viacom's interest in United Paramount Network. Further, Viacom, CBS or both may be required to divest additional broadcast stations in the event rules recently adopted by the FCC that relax ownership restrictions fail to become effective, or are stayed, reconsidered or modified by the FCC or a court. Both companies are required to make filings with or obtain approvals from other domestic and international regulatory authorities in connection with the merger. We cannot predict whether we will obtain all required regulatory approvals to complete the merger, or whether any approvals will include conditions that would be detrimental to CBS or Viacom. Dissenters' Rights of Appraisal Neither Viacom shareholders nor CBS shareholders have dissenters' rights to an appraisal of the value of their shares in connection with the merger. Accounting Treatment The merger will be accounted for under the purchase method of accounting in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Accordingly, the cost to acquire CBS will be allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values, with any excess being treated as goodwill and amortized over its estimated useful life. * * * 10 Viacom Summary Historical Financial Data The summary consolidated financial data presented below have been derived from, and should be read together with, Viacom's audited consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included in Viacom's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998 and the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included in Viacom's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 1999, both of which are incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus. The historical financial data presented below include the results of Paramount Communications Inc. after its acquisition by Viacom on March 11, 1994 and the results of Blockbuster Entertainment Corporation after its acquisition by Viacom on September 29, 1994. Statement of Operations Data (in millions, except per share amounts)
Nine Months Ended September 30, Year Ended December 31, ----------------- ------------------------------------- 1999 1998 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 -------- -------- ------- ------- ------ ------ ------ (Unaudited) Revenues................ $ 9,286 $ 8,754 $12,096 $10,685 $9,684 $8,700 $4,486 Operating income........ $ 881 $ 455 $ 752 $ 685 $1,197 $1,247 $ 354 Earnings (loss) from continuing operations.. $ 239 $ (133) $ (44) $ 374 $ 152 $ 88 $ 19 Net earnings (loss)..... $ 201 $ (141) $ (122) $ 794 $1,248 $ 223 $ 90 Net earnings (loss) attributable to common stock.................. $ 189 $ (186) $ (150) $ 734 $1,188 $ 163 $ 15 Earnings (loss) per common share: Basic: Earnings (loss) from continuing operations........... $ .33 $ (.25) $ (.10) $ .44 $ .13 $ .04 $ (.14) Net earnings (loss)... $ .27 $ (.26) $ (.21) $ 1.04 $ 1.63 $ .22 $ .04 Diluted: Earnings (loss) from continuing operations........... $ .32 $ (.25) $ (.10) $ .44 $ .13 $ .04 $ (.13) Net earnings (loss)... $ .27 $ (.26) $ (.21) $ 1.04 $ 1.62 $ .22 $ .03
Balance Sheet Data (in millions)
As of December 31, As of --------------------------------------- September 30, 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 ------------------ ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- (Unaudited) Total assets............ $24,268 $23,613 $28,289 $28,834 $28,991 $28,274 Total long-term debt, net of current portion................ $ 6,142 $ 3,813 $ 7,423 $ 9,856 $10,712 $10,402 Shareholders' equity.... $10,918 $12,050 $13,384 $12,587 $12,094 $11,792
11 CBS Summary Historical Financial Data The selected consolidated historical financial data presented below have been derived from, and should be read together with, the CBS audited consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included in CBS' Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998 and the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included in CBS' quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the nine months ended September 30, 1999, which are incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/ prospectus. The historical financial data presented below include the results of CBS Radio Inc., formerly American Radio Systems Corporation, after its acquisition by CBS on June 4, 1998, the results of The Nashville Network and Country Music Television, Gaylord Entertainment Company's two major cable networks, after their acquisition by CBS on September 30, 1997, the results of Infinity Media Corporation, formerly known as Infinity Broadcasting Corporation, after its acquisition by CBS on December 31, 1996 and the results of CBS Inc. after its acquisition by CBS, formerly Westinghouse Electric Corporation, on November 24, 1995. Statement of Operations Data (in millions, except per share amounts)
Nine Months Ended September 30, Year Ended December 31, -------------------- ------------------------------------- 1999 1998 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 --------- --------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ----- (Unaudited) Revenues................ $ 5,154 $ 5,014 $6,805 $5,367 $4,143 $1,074 $ 744 Operating profit........ 658 365 482 253 54 160 151 Interest expense........ (143) (272) (370) (386) (401) (184) (26) Income (loss) from Continuing Operations before income taxes, minority interest and equity losses of unconsolidated affiliated companies... 519 122 155 (59) (292) 128 (6) Income tax (expense) benefit................ (302) (134) (161) (73) 71 (75) 1 Income (loss) from Continuing Operations.. 138 (15) (12) (131) (221) 47 (10) Income (loss) from Discontinued Operations............. 396 -- -- 680 409 (57) 58 Extraordinary item, net of income taxes........ (5) (5) (9) -- (93) -- -- Net income (loss)....... 529 (20) (21) 549 95 (10) 48 Basic earnings (loss) per common share: Continuing Operations.. $ .20 $ (.02) $ (.02) $ (.24) $ (.67) $ (.09) $(.27) Discontinued Operations............ .57 -- -- 1.08 1.02 (.16) .16 Extraordinary item..... (.01) (.01) (.01) -- (.23) -- -- --------- --------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ----- Basic earnings (loss) per common share....... $ .76 $ (.03) $ (.03) $ .84 $ .12 $ (.25) $(.11) ========= ========= ====== ====== ====== ====== ===== Diluted earnings (loss) per common share: Continuing Operations.. $ .19 $ (.02) $ (.02) $ (.24) $ (.67) $ (.09) $(.27) Discontinued Operations............ .56 -- -- 1.08 1.02 (.16) .16 Extraordinary item..... (.01) (.01) (.01) -- (.23) -- -- --------- --------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ----- Diluted earnings (loss) per common share....... $ .74 $ (.03) $ (.03) $ .84 $ .12 $ (.25) $(.11) ========= ========= ====== ====== ====== ====== ===== Dividends per common share.................. $ -- $ .05 $ .05 $ .20 $ .20 $ .20 $ .20 ========= ========= ====== ====== ====== ====== =====
12 Balance Sheet Data (in millions)
As of As of December 31, September 30, --------------------------------------- 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 ------------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- (Unaudited) Total assets--Continuing Operations............. $20,723 $20,139 $16,503 $15,406 $10,391 $ 2,524 Total assets-- Discontinued Operations............. 811 1,919 4,101 5,710 8,157 9,273 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Total assets............ $21,534 $22,058 $20,604 $21,116 $18,548 $11,797 ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= Long-term debt-- Continuing Operations.. $ 2,346 $ 2,506 $ 3,236 $ 5,147 $ 7,222 $ 1,865 Long-term debt-- Discontinued Operations............. 407 382 440 419 161 589 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Total long-term debt.... $ 2,753 $ 2,888 $ 3,676 $ 5,566 $ 7,383 $ 2,454 ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= Total debt--Continuing Operations............. $ 2,352 $ 2,665 $ 3,387 $ 5,635 $ 7,840 $ 2,471 Total debt--Discontinued Operations............. 418 428 543 439 528 1,266 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Total debt.............. $ 2,770 $ 3,093 $ 3,930 $ 6,074 $ 8,368 $ 3,737 ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= Shareholders' equity.... $ 9,630 $ 9,054 $ 8,080 $ 5,731 $ 1,453 $ 1,789 ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= =======
13 Summary Unaudited Viacom/CBS Pro Forma Combined Financial Information The following summary unaudited pro forma combined financial information is derived from and should be read together with the information provided in the section, "Unaudited Viacom/CBS Pro Forma Combined Condensed Financial Information" and the notes thereto. The summary unaudited pro forma combined financial information is based upon the historical financial statements of Viacom, adjusted for the initial public offering of Blockbuster and other related transactions, and the historical financial statements of CBS, adjusted for the acquisitions of American Radio and King World and the pending acquisition of Outdoor Systems, Inc. The acquisition of King World by CBS was completed on November 15, 1999. The unaudited pro forma combined condensed statement of operations data for the nine months ended September 30, 1999 and the year ended December 31, 1998 is presented as if the merger of Viacom and CBS and all other aforementioned transactions had occurred on January 1, 1998. The unaudited pro forma combined balance sheet data at September 30, 1999 is presented as if the merger of Viacom and CBS and all other aforementioned transactions had occurred on September 30, 1999. The summary unaudited pro forma combined financial data is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily indicate the operating results or financial position that would have been achieved had the merger of Viacom and CBS and all other aforementioned transactions been completed as of the dates indicated or of the results that may be obtained in the future. In addition, the data does not reflect synergies that might be achieved from combining these operations. Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Statement of Operations Data (in millions, except per share amounts)
Nine Months Ended Year Ended September 30, 1999 December 31, 1998 ------------------ ----------------- Revenues................................. $15,583 $20,457 Operating income......................... $ 1,171 $ 695 Earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and minority interest....................... $ 594 $ (369) Loss from continuing operations.......... $ (200) $ (776) Net loss from continuing operations attributable to common stock............ $ (213) $ (803) Basic and diluted loss from continuing operations per share.................... $ (.14) $ (.53) Weighted average shares outstanding: Basic.................................. 1,507 1,521 Diluted................................ 1,507 1,521
Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Balance Sheet Data (in millions)
At September 30, 1999 --------------------- Total assets.............................................. $78,871 Total long-term debt, net of current portion.............. $10,686 Shareholders' equity...................................... $47,895
14 Unaudited Viacom/CBS Comparative Per Share Data The following tables present the Viacom and CBS historical and pro forma combined and CBS pro forma equivalent comparative per share data for the nine months ended or at September 30, 1999 and the twelve months ended or at December 31, 1998.
Pro Forma Combined as CBS Nine Months Ended Viacom Adjusted for Other Pro Forma or at September 30, 1999 Historical CBS Historical Viacom Events Equivalent(/3/) - ------------------------ ---------- -------------- --------------------- --------------- Earnings (loss) per common share from continuing operations(/1/): Basic................. $ .33 $ .20 $ (.14) $ (.15) Diluted............... .32 .19 (.14) (.15) Book value per common share(/2/): Basic................. $15.67 $13.93 $31.74 $34.44 Diluted............... 15.40 13.60 31.49 34.17 Cash dividends per common share........... -- -- -- -- Pro Forma Combined as CBS Twelve Months Ended Viacom Adjusted for Other Pro Forma or at December 31, 1998 Historical CBS Historical Viacom Events Equivalent(/3/) - ----------------------- ---------- -------------- --------------------- --------------- Earnings (loss) per common share from continuing operations(/1/): Basic................. $ (.10) $ (.02) $ (.53) $ (.57) Diluted............... (.10) (.02) (.53) (.57) Book value per common share(/2/): Basic................. $17.34 $13.12 $32.09 $34.82 Diluted............... 17.07 12.85 31.86 34.57 Cash dividends per common share........... -- $ .05 -- --
- -------- (/1/) The weighted average common shares outstanding used in calculating pro forma combined basic and diluted earnings (loss) from continuing operations per common share, as adjusted for all transactions, are calculated assuming that the estimated number of shares of Viacom common stock to be issued in the merger were outstanding from January 1, 1998. For both periods presented, the weighted average common shares outstanding used in calculating pro forma combined diluted earnings (loss) from continuing operations per common share do not include the impact of Viacom stock options, as they are antidilutive. (/2/) The book value per common share amounts of Viacom and CBS were calculated by dividing shareholders' equity by the number of common shares outstanding at the end of the period. The common shares outstanding used in calculating basic pro forma combined book value per share include approximately 697 million and approximately 695 million of Viacom common shares outstanding at September 30, 1999 and December 31, 1998, respectively, plus approximately 812 million shares representing the estimated number of common shares to be issued in the merger. (See Note 2 to the Unaudited Viacom/CBS Pro Forma Combined Condensed Financial Statements.) The common shares outstanding used in calculating diluted pro forma combined book value per common share as of September 30, 1999 and December 31, 1998 include the Viacom common shares, plus the estimated number of common shares to be issued in the merger, as well as the dilutive impact of Viacom options to purchase shares of common stock, and totaled approximately 1.5 billion for both periods. (/3/) CBS pro forma equivalent amounts are calculated by multiplying the respective pro forma combined per common share amounts by the exchange ratio of 1.085. 15 Comparative Market Prices and Dividends Viacom Class A common stock and Class B common stock are listed and traded on the NYSE under the symbols "VIA" and "VIA.B," respectively. CBS common stock is listed and traded on the NYSE under the symbol "CBS." On February 25, 1999, the Board of Directors of Viacom declared a 2-for-1 common stock split, to be effected in the form of a dividend. The additional shares were issued on March 31, 1999 to shareholders of record on March 15, 1999. All common share and per share amounts have been adjusted to reflect the stock split for all periods presented. The following tables set forth, for the calendar periods indicated, the per share range of high and low sales prices for Viacom Class A common stock, Viacom non-voting Class B common stock and CBS common stock as reported on the NYSE or by the American Stock Exchange, together with the dividend declaration history of Viacom and CBS. Only shares of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock will be issued to shareholders of CBS in the merger in exchange for their shares of CBS common stock.
Viacom Class A Viacom Class B Common Stock(/1/) Common Stock(/1/) ------------------ ------------------ High Low High Low --------- -------- --------- -------- 1997 1st Quarter........................ $18 9/16 $16 $18 15/16 $16 2nd Quarter........................ 17 23/32 12 5/8 18 12 5/8 3rd Quarter........................ 17 3/8 13 3/4 17 9/16 13 5/8 4th Quarter........................ 20 7/8 13 21 1/8 13 1/4 1998 1st Quarter........................ $27 1/8 $19 15/16 $27 17/32 $20 1/4 2nd Quarter........................ 30 1/2 26 1/8 30 5/8 26 13/32 3rd Quarter........................ 34 11/16 24 5/8 35 24 3/4 4th Quarter........................ 36 29/32 25 7/16 37 1/8 25 163/512 1999 1st Quarter........................ $45 1/2 $35 5/16 $45 15/16 $35 3/8 2nd Quarter(/2/)................... 48 3/4 36 11/16 49 3/16 36 5/8 3rd Quarter........................ 49 5/8 38 7/16 48 3/4 38 9/16 4th Quarter (through November 19, 1999)............................. 54 1/4 40 5/16 53 15/16 39 13/16
- -------- (/1/) Viacom has not declared cash dividends on its Class A or Class B common stock and has no present intention of doing so. (/2/) As of April 8, 1999, Viacom Class A and Class B common stock ceased trading on the American Stock Exchange and commenced trading on the NYSE. 16
CBS Common Stock ---------------------------------- Dividends High Low per Share(/1/) ---- ---- -------------- 1997 1st Quarter............................... $20 3/8 $16 3/4 $.05 2nd Quarter............................... 23 13/16 16 .05 3rd Quarter............................... 27 15/16 22 3/4 .05 4th Quarter............................... 32 1/16 23 3/8 .05 1998 1st Quarter............................... $34 3/16 $26 3/4 $.05 2nd Quarter............................... 36 5/8 29 11/16 -- 3rd Quarter............................... 35 1/2 21 7/8 -- 4th Quarter............................... 33 1/8 18 -- 1999 1st Quarter............................... $41 5/8 $31 11/16 -- 2nd Quarter............................... 47 5/16 39 3/16 -- 3rd Quarter............................... 51 15/16 43 5/8 -- 4th Quarter (through November 19, 1999)... 55 1/8 43 3/16 --
- -------- (/1/) CBS suspended payments of dividends after it commenced its stock buy-back program in March 1998. On September 3, 1999, the last trading day prior to the announcement of the execution of the merger agreement, the last reported closing sale prices per share of Viacom Class A common stock and Class B common stock were $45 5/16 and $45 1/16, respectively, and the last reported sale price per share of CBS common stock was $48 15/16. On November 23, 1999, the last trading day prior to the printing of this joint proxy statement/ prospectus, the last reported sale prices per share of Viacom Class A common stock and Class B common stock were $ . and $ . , respectively, and the last reported sale price per share of CBS common stock was $ . . The market prices of shares of Viacom Class A common stock, Viacom Class B common stock and CBS common stock are subject to fluctuations. As a result, Viacom and CBS shareholders are urged to obtain current market quotations. At the close of business on each company's record date, there were approximately 9,136 holders of record of Viacom Class A common stock, approximately 18,186 holders of record of Viacom Class B common stock, approximately 103,135 holders of record of CBS common stock and one holder of record of CBS Series B preferred stock. 17 RISK FACTORS You should consider the following risks in deciding whether to adopt the merger agreement and approve the related proposals. These matters should be considered along with the other information included or incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. We have separated the risks into two groups: . risks relating to the merger; and . risks relating to the combined company. Risks Relating to the Merger Fixed Exchange Ratio May Result in Lower Value of Merger Consideration Upon completion of the merger, each share of CBS common stock will be exchanged for 1.085 shares of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock and each share of CBS Series B preferred stock will be exchanged for 1.085 shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock, which are convertible into Viacom non-voting Class B common stock. These exchange ratios are fixed and will not be adjusted as a result of any increase or decrease in the price of either Viacom non- voting Class B common stock or CBS common stock. Any change in the price of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock will affect the value the CBS shareholders receive in the merger. In addition, because the merger will be completed only after all the conditions to the merger are satisfied or waived, including the receipt of regulatory approvals, there is no way to be sure that the price of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock or CBS common stock at the time the merger is completed will be the same as their prices on the date of the special meeting and the end of the consent solicitation period. Changes in the business, operations or prospects of Viacom or CBS, regulatory considerations, general market and economic conditions and other factors may affect the prices of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock, CBS common stock or both. Many of those factors are beyond our control. You are encouraged to obtain current market quotations for both Viacom non-voting Class B common stock and CBS common stock. The Merger Is Subject to Review and Approval by the Federal Communications Commission Which May Delay the Completion of the Merger and/or Lessen the Anticipated Benefits of the Merger Approval by the FCC is required for the transfer of control to Viacom of the television and radio station licenses currently held by CBS. An application was filed on November 16, 1999 requesting such approval of the transfer of control to Viacom. This application is subject to public comment. FCC approval will be predicated, in part, on the effectiveness of new FCC rules permitting a single company to hold two television stations in a single market and upon the effectiveness of modifications to the former "one-to-a-market" rule, now called the "radio-television cross-ownership" rule, which governs the degree of common ownership of television and radio stations in one market. In addition, the combined company may be required under current law to divest some of its broadcasting assets in order to receive FCC approval. In order to consummate the merger on an orderly and timely basis, Viacom and CBS have requested deferred enforcement of applicable FCC rules. There can be no assurance that such requests for deferred enforcement will be granted or other relief obtained or that consummation of the merger will not be delayed pending receipt of FCC approval of the merger. Further, there can be no assurance that no action will be brought challenging such approvals or actions, or, if such challenge is made, as to the result thereof. See "Federal Regulation of Television and Radio Broadcasting." Antitrust Regulatory Agencies May Oppose or Impose Conditions on the Merger Which May Delay the Completion of the Merger and/or Lessen the Anticipated Benefits of the Merger Viacom and CBS have filed Premerger Notification and Report Forms with the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission and are providing additional information in response to a request made by the Department of Justice, which has been assigned to review the merger. A 20 calendar day waiting period must expire or terminate following the provision of additional information before the merger 18 may be completed. We do not know whether the federal antitrust authorities will permit the HSR Act waiting period to expire without challenging the merger. We also do not know whether a third party will challenge the merger on antitrust grounds or what the result of a third party challenge might be. In addition, it is possible that one or more individual states could investigate and challenge the merger under either federal law or their own state law, although states have no notification and waiting period requirements. Depending on the nature of any of these challenges, and any conditions imposed as a result, these challenges and conditions could delay completion of the merger or lessen the anticipated benefits of the merger. The merger agreement requires the parties to use their respective best efforts, and to take all actions necessary, to satisfy the conditions to the merger, and to do so in a manner designed to obtain all regulatory clearances and the satisfaction of the conditions as expeditiously as possible. This includes agreeing to the sale or other disposition of assets or businesses and taking all steps necessary to vacate or lift any order, judgment or injunction that would prohibit or materially delay consummation of the merger. Mr. Redstone, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Viacom, Will Be the Controlling Shareholder and May Therefore Determine the Outcome of Most Shareholder Votes Immediately after completion of the merger, National Amusements, which is controlled by Mr. Redstone, will own approximately 68% of the voting stock of the combined company. The former CBS holders of common stock will hold only Viacom non-voting Class B common stock and the former holders of CBS Series B preferred stock will hold only Viacom Series C preferred stock. Mr. Redstone, through his control of National Amusements, and not the former CBS shareholders, will be able to determine the outcome of all corporate actions requiring shareholder approval except actions that under Delaware law require a class vote of the Viacom Class B common stock or Viacom Series C preferred stock. However, in connection with the merger, National Amusements has entered into a stockholder agreement pursuant to which it has agreed for a three-year period to ensure, among other things, that eight of the 18 members of the Board of Directors of the combined company will be directors of CBS or replacements they may designate. In addition, the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Viacom, which will become effective at the time of the merger, will provide that Board action will require the approval of 14 of the 18 directors of the combined company, except for a number of areas where the directors of the combined company may act by a majority vote of the Board. Such arrangements will be in place for a three-year period unless 14 of 18 directors determine to modify these arrangements or Mr. Karmazin is not the COO or the CEO of the combined company. For a more detailed discussion of the corporate governance of the combined company, see "The Merger--Directors, Management and Corporate Governance of the Combined Company." The Combined Company's Corporate Governance Structure Will Be Unusual and May Not be a Successful Model for Managing the Combined Company This structure is unusual because, compared to other large U.S. corporations, the Chief Operating Officer will have more autonomy and this autonomy cannot easily be limited, even if a majority of the Board disagrees with the COO. In the merger agreement, CBS and Viacom have agreed to a variety of unusual corporate governance arrangements that will differ significantly from the manner in which the two companies are currently managed. There can be no assurance that these arrangements will prove to be a successful model for managing the combined company. For a detailed description of the corporate governance arrangements, see "The Merger--Directors, Management and Corporate Governance of the Combined Company." The Split-off of Blockbuster from Viacom May Not Occur, Which May Hinder the Operations of Viacom's Different Businesses Viacom has announced that, subject to Viacom Board approval, which will be based on an assessment of market conditions, and the receipt of a supplemental tax ruling from the Internal Revenue Service reflecting the proposed merger between Viacom and CBS, it intends to split-off Blockbuster by offering to exchange all of its 19 shares of Blockbuster for shares of Viacom's common stock. The split-off is intended to establish Blockbuster as a stand-alone entity with objectives separate from those of Viacom's other businesses. Viacom believes that the split-off will resolve management, systemic, competitive and other problems that have arisen from the operation of various different businesses under a common parent corporation. For example, the split-off will resolve perceived conflicts of interest between Blockbuster and Paramount. These conflicts are perceived both by the movie studio competitors of Paramount and the video retail competitors of Blockbuster. In addition, Viacom believes the split-off will allow Blockbuster to facilitate the expansion of Blockbuster's business by issuing its stock to make acquisitions. The split-off will also allow Blockbuster to modify its compensation structure to provide incentives to its employees that are more closely linked to its performance. Viacom has no obligation to effect the split-off either before or after the merger. Viacom and CBS cannot give any assurance as to whether or not or when the split-off will occur or as to the terms of the split-off if it does occur, or whether or not the split-off, if it does occur, will be tax-free. Viacom May Incur a Significant Loss Resulting from the Split-off of Blockbuster If the split-off of Blockbuster occurs, any difference between the fair market value and net book value of Blockbuster at the time of the split-off will be recognized as a gain or loss for accounting purposes. Based on the November 19, 1999 closing price of Blockbuster common stock, a split-off would have resulted in a pre-tax pro forma loss from discontinued operations of approximately $2.9 billion. Potentially Significant Increases in Depreciation and Amortization Expense May Result from Amortization Periods Which Are Shorter than Preliminary Estimates Reflected in the Pro Forma Financial Statements Which Would Cause Net Earnings to Decrease Pro forma results of operations reflect adjustments, which are based upon preliminary estimates, to reflect the allocation of purchase consideration to the acquired assets and liabilities of CBS. The final allocation of the purchase consideration will be determined after the completion of the Viacom/CBS merger and will be based on appraisals and a comprehensive final evaluation of the fair value of CBS' tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed, identifiable intangible assets and goodwill at the time of the merger. Accordingly, the final determination of tangible and intangible assets may result in depreciation and amortization expense that is significantly higher than the preliminary estimates of these amounts, which would cause net earnings to be lower. See note 3 of Notes to unaudited Viacom/CBS pro forma combined condensed financial statements. Risks Relating to the Combined Company Competitive Developments and Technologies May Adversely Affect the Combined Company's Future Market Share of Entertainment Audiences and Customers, Which in Turn May Affect the Combined Company's Advertising Revenues and Profitability Film and Television Production. The television and motion picture industry has experienced cycles in which increased costs of talent and other factors have resulted in higher production costs and increased competition. In addition, television and movie producers are indirectly affected by changes in viewership of broadcast and cable networks, the amount of broadcast time available on local stations for syndicated television programs and, for movies, the relative success of different forms of distribution, such as home video, pay television and network television, each of which have different profitability to producers. There can be no assurance that developments in these areas will not adversely affect the profitability of the combined company. Television and Cable Television Networks. The combined company will directly compete for viewers in general, as well as for viewers in specific demographic categories, and for programming with other cable and broadcast television networks. The recently expanded availability of digital cable television and the introduction of direct-to-home satellite distribution has greatly increased the amount of channel capacity available for new networks, resulting in the launch of a number of new cable television networks by both our companies and 20 their competitors. In addition, digital broadcast television, which has recently become available in major markets, may allow a single television station to broadcast several channels simultaneously. Increasing audience fragmentation could have an adverse effect on advertising revenue and subscription revenues. Broadcast television has experienced a decline in total audience viewership in recent years. Among the major networks, CBS delivers an audience that has an older demographic. An older demographic may result in lower revenue for an advertising spot. There can be no assurance that this audience decline will not continue or that CBS network programming will appeal to an audience having a younger demographic. Television and Radio Broadcast Stations. New technologies, such as digital radio services, direct-to-home satellite, wireless and wired cable television and Internet radio and video programming, compete for programming, audiences and advertising revenues. Each of these technologies are different from traditional broadcasting and there can be no assurance that these or other new technologies will not have an adverse effect on the combined company's business in the future. Video. Videocassette rental competes with other forms of distribution of movies, including theatrical distribution, cable, satellite and broadcast television. In particular, direct broadcast satellite and digital cable providers who are able to offer an expanded number of channels and expanded programming could have a material adverse effect on the business if these services become more widely available and accepted by consumers. In addition, some digital cable providers have begun testing technology designed to transmit movies on demand with interactive capabilities such as start, stop and rewind. This "video-on-demand" technology could have a material adverse effect on the videocassette rental market if it could be provided profitably at a reasonable price and if video-on-demand rights were to be provided with a favorable window by the movie studios. Movie studios make available videocassettes for rental during a distribution "window" of time which is in advance of, and exclusive against, distribution through most other forms of non-theatrical movie distribution. Although the studios have a significant interest in maintaining a viable home video rental industry, changes in the videocassette exclusive window in relation to other windows could have an adverse effect upon the video rental business. In addition, if the revenue-sharing agreements pursuant to which video rental revenues are shared with the studios are materially adversely changed or discontinued, it will have a material adverse effect upon the video rental business. Internet. While the amount of advertising on the Internet is currently small, the Internet is a rapidly growing competitor for advertising spending and viewership, the full impact of which cannot be predicted. Expenditures by Advertisers Tend to Be Cyclical and Dependent on the Economic Prospects of Advertisers and the Economy in General Which Could Cause Revenues of the Combined Company from Advertisements to Decline Significantly in any Given Period Generally or in Specific Markets The combined company will derive a substantial portion of its revenues from the sale of advertising on its television stations, cable networks, radio stations and outdoor displays. Expenditures by advertisers tend to be cyclical, reflecting overall economic conditions as well as budgeting and buying patterns. A decline in the economic prospects of advertisers or the economy in general could alter current or prospective advertisers' spending priorities or increase the time it takes to close a sale with our advertisers. This could cause revenues of the combined company from advertisements to decline significantly in any given period. In addition, because a substantial portion of the combined company's revenues will be derived from local advertisers, the combined company's ability to generate advertising revenues in specific markets could be adversely affected by local or regional economic downturns. Acceptance of the Combined Company's Programming by the Public is Difficult to Predict, Which Could Lead to Fluctuations in Revenues Revenues derived from the production and distribution of a feature film, television series or radio show depend primarily upon its acceptance by the public, which is difficult to predict. The commercial success of a feature film, television series or radio show also depends upon the quality and acceptance of other competing 21 films, television series or radio shows released into the marketplace at or near the same time, the availability of alternative forms of entertainment and leisure time activities, general economic conditions and other tangible and intangible factors, all of which can change and cannot be predicted with certainty. Further, the theatrical success of a feature film and the audience ratings for a television series are generally key factors in generating revenues from other distribution channels, such as home video, free television and premium pay television. The Combined Company's Revenues are Dependent upon the Maintenance of Affiliation Agreements Much of the combined company's broadcast network programming will be provided to its broadcast affiliates pursuant to affiliation agreements which are generally long-term agreements with staggered expirations. The combined company will be dependent upon the maintenance of affiliation agreements with third-party owned television stations, and there can be no assurance that such affiliation agreements will be renewed in the future on terms acceptable to the combined company. The loss of a significant number of such affiliation arrangements could reduce the distribution of the combined company's programming, thereby adversely affecting the combined company's ability to sell national advertising time. Similarly, the basic cable networks in which the combined company will hold interests, including MTV, VH1, Nickelodeon, The Nashville Network, Country Music Television and other cable networks maintain affiliation arrangements that enable them to reach a large percentage of cable and direct broadcast satellite households across the United States. These arrangements are generally long-term arrangements with staggered expirations. Such cable networks also depend on achieving and maintaining carriage within the most widely distributed cable programming tiers to maximize their subscriber base and revenues. The loss of a significant number of affiliation arrangements on basic programming tiers could reduce the distribution of such cable networks, thereby adversely affecting such networks' revenues from subscriber fees and the ability to sell advertising time. The combined company's non-advertiser supported pay television networks, such as Showtime, are similarly dependent for their distribution on the maintenance of affiliation agreements with cable and direct broadcast satellite distributors on acceptable terms. The loss of carriage on cable systems or direct broadcast satellite platforms, or continued carriage on less favorable terms, could adversely affect such networks' subscriber fee revenues. Changes in Federal Communications Laws and Regulations May Have an Adverse Effect on the Combined Company's Business The television and radio broadcasting industries are subject to regulation by the FCC under the Communications Act of 1934. The FCC generally regulates, among other things, the ownership of media, including ownership by non-U.S. citizens, broadcast programming and technical operations. Further, the U.S. Congress and the FCC currently have under consideration, and may in the future adopt, new laws, regulations and policies regarding a wide variety of matters, including technological changes, which could, directly or indirectly, affect the operations and ownership of the combined company's broadcast properties. The Combined Company Has Environmental, Asbestos and Other Contingent Liabilities That Could Have a Significant Impact on the Combined Company Primarily as a result of Viacom's mergers with Paramount Communications, formerly Gulf & Western and Blockbuster, which owned a controlling interest in Spelling Entertainment Group Inc., formerly the Charter Company, in 1994 and the operations of Westinghouse Electric Corporation which merged with CBS Inc. 1995, the combined company will have significant environmental liabilities. Both Paramount and Westinghouse were diversified, global companies with portfolios including a wide variety of industrial businesses. The Charter Company was in various businesses related to petroleum products. As a result, Viacom and CBS have contingent liabilities related to discontinued operations, including environmental liabilities, and have in some instances indemnified others against those liabilities, and in other instances have received indemnities from third parties for those liabilities. Under federal and state Superfund and other environmental laws, Viacom and CBS each have been named as a potentially responsible party at numerous sites located throughout the country. At many of these sites, 22 Viacom and CBS are either not responsible parties or their site involvement is very limited or de minimis. However, Viacom or CBS, as the case may be, may have varying degrees of cleanup responsibilities at a number of sites. Viacom and CBS believe that any liability incurred for cleanup at these sites will be satisfied over a number of years, and in many cases, the costs will be shared with other potentially responsible parties. These sites include locations for which Viacom or CBS, as the case may be, as part of an agreement for sale, may have retained obligations for remediation of possible environmental contamination or may have continuing obligations under applicable environmental laws. In addition, CBS and Viacom are parties to various lawsuits and have received claims relating to their continuing and discontinued operations. Some of these lawsuits and claims, including those related to asbestos liabilities, seek substantial monetary damages. The combined company will have access to insurance in substantial amounts and management believes it has sufficient reserves. Accordingly, while there can be no assurance in this regard, the pending or potential litigation, environmental and other liabilities should not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition of the combined company. 23 CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS This document and the documents incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus contain both historical and forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical fact are, or may be deemed to be, forward-looking statements within the meaning of section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements are not based on historical facts, but rather reflect Viacom's and CBS' current expectations concerning future results and events. These forward-looking statements generally can be identified by use of statements that include phrases such as "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "foresee," "likely," "will" or other similar words or phrases. Similarly, statements that describe our objectives, plans or goals are or may be forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of Viacom or CBS to be different from any future results, performance and achievements expressed or implied by these statements. You should review carefully all information, including the financial statements and the notes to the financial statements, included or incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus. In addition to the risk factors described in the previous section, the following important factors could affect future results, causing these results to differ materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements: . the timing, impact and other uncertainties related to pending acquisitions by CBS or Viacom and future acquisitions and dispositions by the combined company; . the ability of the combined company to renew existing programming, licensing and distribution agreements and to enter into new agreements; . the success of CBS and Viacom and their suppliers and customers in achieving year 2000 compliance; . the impact of new technologies including the magnitude of equity losses and other uncertainties related to CBS' Internet based investments; . changes in tax requirements, including tax rate changes, new tax laws and revised tax law interpretations; and . interest rate fluctuations and other capital market conditions. These factors and the risk factors described in the previous section are not necessarily all of the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any of our forward-looking statements. Other unknown or unpredictable factors also could have material adverse effects on our future results. The forward-looking statements included in this joint proxy statement/prospectus are made only as of the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus and under section 27A of the Securities Act and section 21E of the Exchange Act we do not have any obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances. We cannot assure you that projected results or events will be achieved. 24 UNAUDITED PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION Unaudited Viacom/CBS Pro Forma Combined Condensed Financial Information General The merger will be accounted for by the purchase method of accounting. Consideration provided by Viacom in this merger includes: approximately $36.7 billion through the issuance of approximately 812 million shares of Viacom non- voting Class B common stock plus, approximately $833 million of cash consideration, net of approximately $556 million of deferred taxes, for the assumed settlement of a portion of the historical CBS stock options and the assumption of approximately $200 million of CBS stock options by Viacom, both of which were granted prior to the date of the merger agreement, and approximately $4.1 billion for the assumption of debt. This consideration will be allocated to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed according to their respective fair values, with the excess purchase consideration being allocated to goodwill. The merger is contingent upon, among other things, regulatory and Viacom and CBS shareholder approval. The following unaudited pro forma combined condensed balance sheet as of September 30, 1999, is presented as if the merger and other CBS transactions described in the notes to the unaudited Viacom/CBS and CBS/King World pro forma combined condensed financial statements had occurred on September 30, 1999. The unaudited pro forma combined condensed statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 1999, and for the year ended December 31, 1998, are presented as if the merger and the other Viacom and other CBS transactions had occurred on January 1, 1998. In the opinion of Viacom and CBS management, all adjustments and/or disclosures necessary for a fair presentation of the pro forma data have been made. These unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements are presented for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of the operating results or the financial position that would have been achieved had the merger, or the other Viacom and other CBS transactions had been consummated as of the dates indicated or of the results that may be obtained in the future. These unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the unaudited CBS/King World pro forma combined condensed financial information included herein, and: . CBS' consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 1998, and Management's Discussion and Analysis included in CBS' Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998, as amended by Form 10-K/A, which is incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus; . King World's consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as of August 31, 1999 and 1998 and for the three years ended August 31, 1999, which are included in CBS' Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 22, 1999 which is incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus; . CBS' Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods ended March 31, 1999, as amended by Form 10-Q/A, June 30, 1999 and September 30, 1999 which are incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus; . Viacom's consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 1998, and Management's Discussion and Analysis included in Viacom's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998 which is incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus; and . Viacom's consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as of and for the nine-month period ended September 30, 1999, on Form 10-Q which is incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. 25 UNAUDITED VIACOM/CBS PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEET As of September 30, 1999 (in millions)
CBS Pro Forma Viacom Pro Forma Pro Forma Combined Historical Combined Adjustments Viacom/CBS ---------- --------- ----------- ---------- ASSETS: Cash and cash equivalents..... $ 674 $ 524 $ (474)(/3/) $ 724 Customer receivables, net..... 1,677 1,477 -- 3,154 Other current assets.......... 2,631 1,245 450 (/3/) 4,326 ------- ------- ------- ------- Total current assets.......... 4,982 3,246 (24) 8,204 Property and equipment, net... 3,316 3,055 -- 6,371 Goodwill and other intangibles, net............. 11,424 23,951 22,596 (/3/) 57,971 Other noncurrent assets....... 4,546 2,027 (340)(/3/) 6,325 92 (/3/) ------- ------- ------- ------- Total assets.................. $24,268 $32,279 $22,324 $78,871 ======= ======= ======= ======= LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY: Current portion of long-term debt......................... $ 131 $ 189 $ -- $ 320 Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other........... 4,054 2,078 (106)(/3/) 6,001 (25)(/3/) ------- ------- ------- ------- Total current liabilities..... 4,185 2,267 (131) 6,321 Long-term debt................ 6,142 3,904 575 (/3/) 10,686 65 (/3/) Net liabilities of discontinued operations...... -- 966 -- 966 Other noncurrent liabilities.. 1,924 4,581 8 (/3/) 6,513 ------- ------- ------- ------- Total liabilities............. 12,251 11,718 517 24,486 ------- ------- ------- ------- Minority interest in equity of consolidated subsidiaries.... 1,099 5,391 -- 6,490 Shareholders' Equity: Common Stock.................. 7 802 8 (/2/) 15 (802)(/3/) Additional paid-in capital.... 10,260 14,759 36,725 (/2/) 47,408 200 (/2/) 223 (/3/) (14,759)(/3/) Common stock held in treasury, at cost...................... (1,432) (1,683) 1,683 (/3/) (1,432) Retained earnings............. 2,115 1,957 (1,957)(/3/) 1,936 (179)(/3/) Accumulated other comprehensive loss........... (32) (665) 665 (/3/) (32) ------- ------- ------- ------- Total shareholders' equity.... 10,918 15,170 21,807 47,895 ------- ------- ------- ------- Total liabilities and shareholders' equity......... $24,268 $32,279 $22,324 $78,871 ======= ======= ======= =======
See accompanying notes to unaudited Viacom/CBS pro forma combined condensed financial statements. 26 UNAUDITED VIACOM/CBS PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 1999 (in millions, except per share amounts)
Pro Forma Pro Forma Adjustments Combined CBS for Pro Forma Adjustments as Adjusted Viacom Pro Forma Viacom/CBS Combined For Other For Other Historical Combined Merger Viacom/CBS Viacom Events Viacom Events ---------- --------- ----------- ---------- ------------- ------------- Revenues................ $ 9,286 $ 6,297 $ -- $15,583 $-- $15,583 Operating expenses...... (6,007) (3,605) -- (9,612) -- (9,612) Selling, general and administrative......... (1,712) (1,009) -- (2,721) -- (2,721) Depreciation and amortization........... (616) (839) (424)(/3/) (1,879) -- (1,879) Restructuring charge.... (70) -- -- (70) -- (70) Residual costs of discontinued businesses............. -- (130) -- (130) -- (130) ------- ------- ------ ------- ---- ------- Operating income (loss)................. 881 714 (424) 1,171 -- 1,171 Other income and expense, net........... 3 5 -- 8 -- 8 Interest expense, net... (311) (217) (61)(/3/) (589) 4 (/4/) (585) ------- ------- ------ ------- ---- ------- Earnings from continuing operations before income taxes........... 573 502 (485) 590 4 594 Income tax (expense) benefit................ (295) (393) 24 (/5/) (664) (2)(/5/) (666) Equity in loss of affiliated companies, net of tax............. (38) (28) -- (66) -- (66) Minority interest....... (1) (66) -- (67) 5 (/4/) (62) ------- ------- ------ ------- ---- ------- Earnings (loss) from continuing operations.. 239 15 (461) (207) 7 (200) Cumulative convertible preferred stock dividend requirement and premium on repurchase of preferred stock.................. (13) -- -- (13) -- (13) ------- ------- ------ ------- ---- ------- Net earnings (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common stock.................. $ 226 $ 15 $ (461) $ (220) $ 7 $ (213) ======= ======= ====== ======= ==== ======= Earnings (loss) from continuing operations per common share: Basic.................. $ .33 $ (.15) $ (.14) Diluted................ $ .32 $ (.15) $ (.14) Weighted average shares outstanding: Basic.................. 695 812 (/2/) 1,507 1,507 Diluted................ 709 812 (/2/) 1,507 1,507
See accompanying notes to unaudited Viacom/CBS pro forma combined condensed financial statements. 27 UNAUDITED VIACOM/CBS PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS For the Year Ended December 31, 1998 (in millions, except per share amounts)
Pro Forma Pro Forma Adjustments Combined CBS for Pro Forma Adjustments as Adjusted Viacom Pro Forma Viacom/CBS Combined For Other For Other Historical Combined Merger Viacom/CBS Viacom Events Viacom Events ---------- --------- ----------- ---------- ------------- ------------- Revenues................ $12,096 $ 8,361 $ -- $ 20,457 $-- $ 20,457 Operating expenses...... (8,506) (5,242) -- (13,748) -- (13,748) Selling, general and administrative......... (2,061) (1,335) -- (3,396) -- (3,396) Depreciation and amortization........... (777) (1,113) (565)(/3/) (2,455) -- (2,455) Residual costs of discontinued businesses............. -- (163) -- (163) -- (163) ------- ------- ----- -------- ---- -------- Operating income (loss)................. 752 508 (565) 695 -- 695 Other income and expense, net........... (57) 38 -- (19) -- (19) Interest expense, net... (599) (363) (89)(/3/) (1,051) 6 (/4/) (1,045) ------- ------- ----- -------- ---- -------- Earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes.... 96 183 (654) (375) 6 (369) Income tax (expense) benefit................ (139) (320) 36 (/5/) (423) (2)(/5/) (425) Minority interest....... (1) (35) -- (36) 54 (/4/) 18 ------- ------- ----- -------- ---- -------- Earnings (loss) from continuing operations.. (44) (172) (618) (834) 58 (776) Cumulative convertible preferred stock dividend requirement and discount on repurchase of preferred stock.................. (27) -- -- (27) -- (27) ------- ------- ----- -------- ---- -------- Net earnings (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common stock.................. $ (71) $ (172) $(618) $ (861) $ 58 $ (803) ======= ======= ===== ======== ==== ======== Loss from continuing operations per common share: Basic.................. $(.10) $(.57) $(.53) Diluted................ $(.10) $(.57) $(.53) Weighted average shares outstanding: Basic.................. 709 812 1,521 1,521 Diluted................ 709 812 1,521 1,521
See accompanying notes to unaudited Viacom/CBS pro forma combined condensed financial statements. 28 NOTES TO UNAUDITED VIACOM/CBS PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (tables in millions, except per share amounts) (1) Basis of Presentation The purchase method of accounting has been used in the preparation of the accompanying unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements. Under this method of accounting, the purchase consideration is allocated to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values, with the excess purchase consideration being allocated to goodwill. For purposes of the unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements, the preliminary fair values of CBS' assets and liabilities were estimated by CBS and Viacom management. The final allocation of the purchase price will be determined after the completion of the merger and will be based on appraisals and a comprehensive final evaluation of tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired (including their estimated useful lives) and liabilities assumed. (2) Consideration Pursuant to the merger agreement, holders of CBS common stock will receive 1.085 shares of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock for each CBS share of common stock issued and outstanding at the completion of the merger. The total number of CBS shares issued and outstanding during the period subsequent to the merger announcement but prior to its completion is not anticipated to fluctuate from the ordinary course. For purposes of the unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements, the $45.225 per share value of Viacom non- voting Class B common stock to be issued was calculated based on its average market price per share from September 2, 1999 through September 9, 1999. Total estimated CBS common shares outstanding (including shares to be issued to King World shareholders)................................... 748.6 Exchange Ratio........................................................ 1.085 ------- Estimated Viacom Class B common shares to be issued................... 812.2 ======= Purchase Consideration: Estimated value of Viacom Class B common stock to be issued (812.2 shares at $45.225 per share): Common stock, $.01 par value........................................ $ 8 Additional paid-in capital.......................................... 36,725 Estimated fair value of CBS stock options to be assumed by Viacom (note 3)............................................................. 200 ------- Estimated net increase in Viacom equity............................... $36,933 =======
29 NOTES TO UNAUDITED VIACOM/CBS PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) (tables in millions, except per share amounts) (3) Merger To record the excess purchase price over the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in connection with the merger as described in notes 1 and 2 above: Estimated net increase in Viacom equity............................. $ 36,933 Less: Shareholders' equity of CBS Pro Forma Combined at September 30, 1999 Common stock...................................................... (802) Additional paid-in capital........................................ (14,759) Common stock held in treasury..................................... 1,683 Retained earnings/Accumulated other comprehensive loss............ (1,292) Adjustments: Add: Liability for conversion of CBS stock options, net of deferred taxes................................................... 833 -------- Excess purchase price over net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired.................................................... 22,596 Identifiable intangible assets acquired............................. 23,951 -------- Excess purchase price over net tangible assets acquired............. $ 46,547 ======== Incremental amortization expense of excess purchase price over net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired: Twelve month amortization......................................... $ 565 ======== Nine month amortization........................................... $ 424 ========
The above pro forma adjustments are based on preliminary estimates. The final allocation of the purchase price will be determined after the completion of the merger and will be based on appraisals and a comprehensive final evaluation of the fair value of CBS' tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the time of the merger. For the purpose of these unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements, amortization of the excess purchase price over tangible net assets acquired of approximately $46.5 billion is computed on a straight-line basis using useful lives as follows: $37.5 billion (40 years), $6.6 billion (30 years) and $2.4 billion (10 years). Generally accepted accounting principles currently require that acquired intangible assets be amortized over periods not to exceed 40 years. Viacom believes that the intangible assets acquired from CBS included in the 40-year category are comprised principally of the franchises, FCC licenses, and trademarks of CBS-assets with indefinite lives, which have historically appreciated in value over time. In addition, Viacom intends to continue to expand the combined company's existing lines of business, develop new businesses by leveraging the well known franchises, trademarks and products of Viacom and CBS, and take advantage of synergies that exist between Viacom and CBS to further strengthen existing lines of business. Viacom believes that it will benefit from the merger for an indeterminable period of time of at least 40 years and, therefore, a 40-year amortization period for the $37.5 billion portion of the excess purchase consideration is appropriate. After the completion of the merger, Viacom will complete valuations and other studies of the significant assets, liabilities and business operations of CBS as of the time of the merger. Using this information, Viacom will make a final allocation of the purchase consideration, including allocation to tangible assets and liabilities, identifiable intangible assets and goodwill. Accordingly, depreciation and amortization, as presented in the pro forma combined condensed statements of operations for the year and nine months ended December 31, 1998 and September 30, 1999, may fluctuate significantly from the preliminary estimate when the final appraisals of tangible and intangible assets are completed. 30 NOTES TO UNAUDITED VIACOM/CBS PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) (tables in millions, except per share amounts) The following table presents the incremental reduction to pro forma net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common stock and pro forma net income (loss) from continuing operations per common share resulting from the allocation of each $1 billion of purchase consideration to assets with useful lives of thirty, twenty, or ten years rather than the forty year life reflected in the pro forma financial statements.
30 years 20 years 10 years -------- -------- -------- Impact on pro forma net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common stock: For the twelve month period...................... $ (8) $ (25) $ (75) ====== ====== ====== For the nine month period........................ $ (6) $ (19) $ (56) ====== ====== ====== Impact on pro forma net income (loss) from continuing operations per common share: For the year ended December 31, 1998............. $(0.01) $(0.02) $(0.05) ====== ====== ====== For the nine months ended September 30, 1999..... $ -- $(0.01) $(0.04) ====== ====== ======
Limited rights to receive cash in lieu of Viacom options exist for the majority of the historical CBS stock options outstanding prior to the announcement of the merger. To reflect the liability associated with these stock options, these unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements assume that the options will be settled in cash for approximately $1.4 billion. Accordingly, the issuance of long-term debt of $575 million and adjustments to reflect the use of cash and investments, classified as other noncurrent assets, of $474 million and $340 million, respectively, have been recorded in the pro forma balance sheet to reflect the financing and funding of such obligations at the effective time of the merger. In addition, related interest expense of $58 million and $85 million for the nine months of 1999 and the twelve months of 1998, respectively, have been recorded in the unaudited pro forma combined condensed statements of operations. Deferred taxes have been provided for on the respective book and tax basis differences at a 40 percent marginal tax rate. Additional options with a fair value of $200 million either do not contain these limited rights or are options related to underlying shares which cannot be disposed of for some designated period of time, and, as such, have been reflected as an adjustment to additional paid-in capital within shareholders' equity. Viacom has entered into agreements with the two Deputy Chairmen of Viacom regarding the terms of their resignations upon the effective time of the merger. Accordingly, the pro forma balance sheet includes a charge as a reduction to retained earnings of $179 million, net of tax benefit of $119 million, which principally reflects the stock options granted to them over the life of their employment with Viacom as well as cash payments in accordance with their resignation agreements. The tax benefit assumes a 40 percent marginal tax rate. The pro forma statement of operations includes a charge for the incremental interest expense associated with the increase in long-term debt. (4) Other Viacom Events On August 10, 1999, Blockbuster Inc., a subsidiary of Viacom, completed the initial public offering of 31 million shares of its Class A common stock at $15 per share. Viacom owns 100% of the outstanding shares of Blockbuster Class B common stock, which represents approximately 82.3% of Blockbuster's equity value after the initial public offering. As a result of the issuance of subsidiary stock, Viacom recorded a reduction to additional paid-in capital of approximately $662 million. 31 NOTES TO UNAUDITED VIACOM/CBS PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) (tables in millions, except per share amounts) The net decrease in interest expense of $4 million and $6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 1999 and the twelve months ended December 31, 1998, respectively, is attributable to the repayment of debt with the Blockbuster initial public offering net proceeds of $437 million, partially offset by the increase in interest expense due to the higher interest rate attributable to the Blockbuster debt and the amortization of deferred debt issue costs incurred in connection with the Blockbuster debt. The adjustment to minority interest in the unaudited pro forma combined condensed statements of operations reflects the interest in the net loss of Blockbuster attributable to holders of Blockbuster's Class A Common Stock. (5) Income Tax Expense Income tax expense on the pro forma results of operations and the pro forma adjustments, excluding non-deductible goodwill amortization, is calculated at a 40 percent marginal tax rate. (6) Items not included in the Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Condensed Financial Statements The preceding unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements do not include any pro forma adjustments for the following: . Any operating efficiencies and cost savings that may be achieved with respect to the combined companies. . Upon closing of the merger, the combined companies may incur integration related expenses as a result of the elimination of duplicate facilities and functions, operational realignment and related workforce reductions. Such CBS costs would generally be recognized as a liability assumed as of the merger date resulting in additional goodwill while Viacom related costs would be recognized as an expense through the statements of operations. . Transactions between Viacom and CBS, including transactions between Viacom and companies proposed to be acquired by CBS, have not been eliminated in the unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements, as the amounts are not material for the periods presented. . Transaction costs related to the merger are not expected to have a material impact on these unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements. . In connection with the merger, some radio and television stations may have to be divested in order to comply with current FCC regulations. Also, Viacom may be required to reduce or divest its interest in the United Paramount Network to comply with FCC rules limiting the common ownership of some television networks. Generally, any gains or losses associated with disposition of historical Viacom assets would be recognized through the statements of operations while the gain or loss on the disposition of historical CBS assets would likely be recognized as an adjustment to goodwill. . Viacom has announced that, subject to Viacom Board approval, which will be based on an assessment of market conditions, and the receipt of a supplemental tax ruling from the Internal Revenue Service reflecting the merger, it intends to split off Blockbuster by offering to exchange all of its shares of Blockbuster for shares of Viacom's common stock. The aggregate market value of the shares of Blockbuster common stock based on the November 19, 1999 closing price of $15.375 per share of Blockbuster common stock was approximately $2.7 billion. The net book value of Viacom's investment in Blockbuster at September 30, 1999, after giving effect to the initial public offering, was approximately 32 NOTES TO UNAUDITED VIACOM/CBS PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) (tables in millions, except per share amounts) $5.1 billion. If Viacom determines to engage in the split-off, any difference between the fair market value and net book value at the time of the split-off will be recognized as a gain or loss for accounting purposes. Based on the November 19, 1999 closing stock price of Blockbuster, a split-off would have resulted in a pre-tax pro forma loss on discontinued operations of approximately $2.9 billion. The actual amount of the gain or loss will depend upon the fair market value and net book value of Blockbuster at the time of the split-off as well as the exchange ratio used in the split-off. In addition, in a tax-free split- off, Viacom/CBS pro forma shareholders' equity will be reduced by an amount no greater than the net book value of Blockbuster at the time of the split-off. Viacom has no obligation to effect the split-off either before or after the merger. Viacom and CBS cannot give any assurance as to whether or not or when the split-off will occur or as to the terms of the split-off if it does occur, or whether or not the split-off, if it does occur, will be tax-free. (7) Reclassifications Some reclassifications have been made from the historical Viacom financial statements to conform to the unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements presentation. 33 Unaudited CBS/King World Pro Forma Combined Condensed Financial Information General The following unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements are presented using the purchase method of accounting for the merger of CBS and King World, the June 4, 1998 acquisition of CBS Radio, Inc., formerly American Radio Systems Corporation, by CBS and the probable acquisition of Outdoor Systems, Inc. by Infinity Broadcasting Corporation which was announced on May 27, 1999. These financial statements also reflect the combination of consolidated historical financial data of CBS, King World, American Radio, and Outdoor Systems. The unaudited pro forma combined condensed balance sheet as of September 30, 1999 is presented as if the merger of CBS and King World, and the Outdoor Systems acquisition had occurred on September 30, 1999. The unaudited pro forma combined condensed statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 1999 and the year ended December 31, 1998 is presented as if the merger of CBS and King World, the acquisition of American Radio by CBS, the probable acquisition of Outdoor Systems by Infinity, and the Infinity initial public offering had occurred on January 1, 1998. In the opinion of CBS management, all adjustments and/or disclosures considered necessary for a fair presentation of the pro forma data have been made. These unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with: . CBS' consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 1998 and Management's Discussion and Analysis included in CBS' Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998, as amended by Form 10-K/A, which is incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus; . King World's consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as of August 31, 1999 and 1998 and for the three years ended August 31, 1999, which are included in CBS' Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 22, 1999, which is incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus; and . CBS' Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods ended September 30, 1999, June 30, 1999 and March 31, 1999, as amended by Form 10-Q/A, which are incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. These unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements are presented for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of the operating results or financial position that would have been achieved had the CBS and King World merger, the acquisition of American Radio by CBS, the probable acquisition of Outdoor Systems by Infinity, or the Infinity initial public offering been consummated as of the dates indicated, or of the results that may be obtained in the future. 34 UNAUDITED CBS/KING WORLD PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEET As of September 30, 1999 (in millions)
Pro Forma Pro Forma Adjustments for Combined Adjustments CBS CBS King World CBS/King CBS/King For Other CBS Pro Forma Historical August 31, 1999 World Merger World Events (8) Combined ---------- --------------- --------------- --------- ------------- --------- ASSETS: Cash and cash equivalents............. $ 185 $ 468 $ -- $ 653 $ (129) $ 524 Short-term investments.. -- 38 -- 38 -- 38 Customer receivables, net..................... 1,227 81 (6)(/4/) 1,302 175 1,477 Program rights.......... 568 -- -- 568 -- 568 Deferred income taxes... 243 -- -- 243 13 256 Prepaid and other current assets.......... 178 110 -- 288 95 383 ------- ------ ------ ------- ------ ------- Total current assets.... 2,401 697 (6) 3,092 154 3,246 Long-term investments... -- 340 -- 340 -- 340 Property and equipment, net..................... 1,138 19 -- 1,157 1,898 3,055 FCC licenses, net....... 4,282 -- -- 4,282 -- 4,282 Goodwill, net........... 10,637 -- 1,694 (/3/) 12,331 6,596 18,927 Other intangible and noncurrent assets....... 2,265 96 -- 2,361 68 2,429 ------- ------ ------ ------- ------ ------- Total assets............ $20,723 $1,152 $1,688 $23,563 $8,716 $32,279 ======= ====== ====== ======= ====== ======= LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY: Current maturities of long-term debt.......... $ 6 $ -- $ -- $ 6 $ 183 $ 189 Liabilities for talent and program rights...... 426 -- -- 426 -- 426 Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities............. 1,377 152 25 (/3/) 1,548 104 1,652 (6)(/4/) ------- ------ ------ ------- ------ ------- Total current liabilities............ 1,809 152 19 1,980 287 2,267 Long-term debt.......... 2,346 -- -- 2,346 1,558 3,904 Net liabilities of discontinued operations.............. 966 -- -- 966 -- 966 Pension liability....... 761 -- -- 761 -- 761 Postretirement benefit liability............... 1,008 -- -- 1,008 -- 1,008 Other noncurrent liabilities............. 2,713 -- -- 2,713 99 2,812 ------- ------ ------ ------- ------ ------- Total liabilities....... 9,603 152 19 9,774 1,944 11,718 ------- ------ ------ ------- ------ ------- Minority interest in equity of consolidated subsidiaries............ 1,490 -- -- 1,490 3,901 5,391 Shareholders' equity: Preferred stock......... -- -- -- -- -- -- Common stock............ 745 1 57 (/2/) 802 -- 802 (1)(/3/) Capital in excess of par value................... 9,276 153 2,282 (/2/) 11,888 2,871 14,759 330 (/2/) (153)(/3/) Common stock held in treasury, at cost....... (1,683) (446) 446 (/3/) (1,683) -- (1,683) Retained earnings....... 1,957 1,292 (1,292)(/3/) 1,957 -- 1,957 Accumulated other comprehensive loss...... (665) -- -- (665) -- (665) ------- ------ ------ ------- ------ ------- Total shareholders' equity................. 9,630 1,000 1,669 12,299 2,871 15,170 ------- ------ ------ ------- ------ ------- Total liabilities and shareholders' equity... $20,723 $1,152 $1,688 $23,563 $8,716 $32,279 ======= ====== ====== ======= ====== =======
See accompanying notes to unaudited CBS/King World pro forma combined condensed financial statements. 35 UNAUDITED CBS/KING WORLD PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS For the nine months ended September 30, 1999 (in millions, except per share amounts)
Pro Forma Pro Forma Adjustments King World Adjustments for Combined For CBS Nine months ended CBS/King CBS/King Other CBS Pro Forma CBS Historical August 31, 1999(/7/) World Merger World Events (/8/) Combined -------------- -------------------- --------------- --------- ------------- --------- Revenues................ $ 5,154 $ 582 $ (30)(/4/) $ 5,706 $ 591 $ 6,297 Operating expenses...... (3,000) (364) 30 (/4/) (3,334) (271) (3,605) Marketing, general and administrative......... (915) (66) -- (981) (28) (1,009) Depreciation and amortization........... (451) (2) (127)(/5/) (580) (259) (839) Residual costs of discontinued businesses............. (130) -- -- (130) -- (130) ------- ----- ----- ------- ----- ------- Operating profit (loss)................. 658 150 (127) 681 33 714 Other income and expense, net........... 4 -- -- 4 1 5 Interest expense, net... (143) 24 -- (119) (98) (217) ------- ----- ----- ------- ----- ------- Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes, minority interest in income of consolidated subsidiaries and equity losses of unconsolidated affiliated companies... 519 174 (127) 566 (64) 502 Income tax expense...... (302) (61) -- (363) (30) (393) Minority interest in income of consolidated subsidiaries........... (51) -- -- (51) (15) (66) Equity losses of unconsolidated affiliated companies, net of income taxes.... (28) -- -- (28) -- (28) ------- ----- ----- ------- ----- ------- Income (loss) from continuing operations.. $ 138 $ 113 $(127) $ 124 $(109) $ 15 ======= ===== ===== ======= ===== ======= Income from continuing operations per share: Basic................. $ .20 $ .17 $ .02 Diluted............... $ .19 $ .16 $ .02 Weighted average shares outstanding Basic................. 693 57 (/2/) 750 750 Diluted............... 710 60 (/6/) 770 770
See accompanying notes to unaudited CBS/King World pro forma combined condensed financial statements. 36 UNAUDITED CBS/KING WORLD PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS For the Year Ended December 31, 1998 (in millions, except per share amounts)
King World Pro Forma Pro Forma Adjustments Twelve months Adjustments for Combined For CBS ended CBS/King CBS/King Other CBS Pro Forma CBS Historical November 30, 1998(/7/) World Merger World Events(/8/) Combined -------------- ---------------------- --------------- --------- ----------- --------- Revenues................ $ 6,805 $ 705 $ (23)(/4/) $ 7,487 $ 874 $ 8,361 Operating expenses...... (4,373) (442) 23 (/4/) (4,792) (450) (5,242) Marketing, general and administrative......... (1,216) (78) -- (1,294) (41) (1,335) Depreciation and amortization........... (571) (2) (177)(/5/) (750) (363) (1,113) Residual costs of discontinued businesses............. (163) -- -- (163) -- (163) ------- ----- ----- ------- ----- ------- Operating profit (loss)................. 482 183 (177) 488 20 508 Other income and expense, net........... 43 -- -- 43 (5) 38 Interest expense, net... (370) 34 -- (336) (27) (363) ------- ----- ----- ------- ----- ------- Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and minority interest in income of consolidated subsidiaries........... 155 217 (177) 195 (12) 183 Income tax expense...... (161) (74) -- (235) (85) (320) Minority interest in income of consolidated subsidiaries........... (6) -- -- (6) (29) (35) ------- ----- ----- ------- ----- ------- Income (loss) from continuing operations.. $ (12) $ 143 $(177) $ (46) $(126) $ (172) ======= ===== ===== ======= ===== ======= Basic and diluted loss from continuing operations per share... $ (.02) $ (.06) $ (.23) Weighted average Basic and Diluted shares outstanding............ 696 57 (/2/)(/6/) 753 753
See accompanying notes to unaudited CBS/King World pro forma combined condensed financial statements. 37 NOTES TO UNAUDITED CBS/KING WORLD PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (tables in millions, except per share data) (1) Basis of Presentation The purchase method of accounting has been used in the preparation of the accompanying unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements. Under this method of accounting, the purchase price is allocated to assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values as of the effective time of the CBS/King World merger. The excess of consideration paid over the estimated fair value of net assets acquired will be recorded as goodwill and amortized as a charge to earnings. For purposes of the unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements, the preliminary fair values of King World's assets and liabilities were estimated by CBS management based primarily on information furnished by the management of King World. The final allocation of the purchase price will be determined after the consummation of the CBS/King World merger and will be based on appraisals and a comprehensive final evaluation of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed of King World. The acquisition of King World by CBS was completed on November 15, 1999. (2) Purchase Price Information Pursuant to the merger agreement, shareholders of King World will receive .81 of a share of CBS common stock for each share of King World common stock issued and outstanding at the consummation of the CBS/King World merger. The total number of King World shares issued and outstanding during the period subsequent to the CBS/King World merger announcement but prior to its consummation is not anticipated to fluctuate from the ordinary course. For the purpose of the pro forma combined condensed financial statements, the $40.8125 per share value of CBS common stock to be issued was calculated based upon the market price per share at the close of business on March 31, 1999. Total estimated King World common shares outstanding................ 70.8 Exchange Ratio...................................................... .81 ------ Estimated CBS common shares to be issued............................ 57.3 ====== Purchase Price: Estimated value of CBS common stock to be issued in connection with CBS/King World merger (57.3 shares at $40.8125 per share): Common Stock, $1.00 par value..................................... $ 57 Capital in excess of par value.................................... 2,282 Estimated fair value of stock options assumed....................... 330 ------ Estimated net increase in CBS equity................................ $2,669 ======
38 NOTES TO UNAUDITED CBS/KING WORLD PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) (tables in millions, except per share data) (3) Purchase Price and Elimination of Historical Balances To record the purchase price paid in connection with the CBS/King World merger as described in Note 1 and Note 2 above: Estimated net increase in CBS equity (see Note 2).................... $2,669 Less: Shareholders' equity of King World at September 30, 1999 Common stock....................................................... (1) Capital in excess of par value..................................... (153) Common stock held in treasury...................................... 446 Retained earnings.................................................. (1,292) Adjustments: Add: Estimated accrued transaction costs............................. 25 ------ Excess purchase price over fair value of net assets acquired......... $1,694 ======
The above pro forma adjustments are based on preliminary estimates. The final allocation of the purchase price will be determined after the consummation of the CBS/King World merger and will be based on appraisals and a comprehensive final evaluation of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed of King World. As further analysis is performed, these estimates may be revised at a later date. (4) Existing Relationship Between CBS and King World Through an existing agreement with King World, CBS' owned-and-operated television stations pay for some of King World's programming. The following adjustments have been made to eliminate the balances associated with the transactions between CBS and King World: Balance Sheet Customer receivables/Accounts payable at September 30, 1999............ $ 6 Statements of Operations Revenue/operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 1999.................................................................. $30 Revenue/operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 1998........ $23
(5) Amortization of Goodwill The pro forma adjustments are based on preliminary estimates. The final allocation of the purchase price will be determined after the consummation of the CBS/King World merger and will be based on appraisals and a comprehensive final evaluation of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed of King World. As further analysis is performed, including obtaining appraisals for identifiable intangible assets and programming commitments acquired, these estimates may be significantly revised, including the estimated amortization periods. Estimated goodwill amortization is computed on a straight-line basis over a 10-year period. If goodwill amortization had been computed assuming a 20-year period, pro forma operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 1999 and for the year ended December 31, 1998 on a pre- and post-tax basis would have improved by $63 million and $89 million, respectively, or approximately $.08 and $.12 per share, respectively, on both a basic and diluted basis. 39 NOTES TO UNAUDITED CBS/KING WORLD PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) (tables in millions, except per share data) (6) Average Shares Outstanding The average CBS common shares outstanding used in calculating pro forma income (loss) per common share from continuing operations, as adjusted for Other CBS Events, are calculated assuming that the estimated number of shares of CBS common stock to be issued in connection with the CBS/King World merger were outstanding from January 1, 1998. For the nine months ended September 30, 1999, the average common shares outstanding used in calculating pro forma combined diluted income per share include the impact of options to purchase shares of common stock. Shares of common stock issuable under deferred compensation arrangements were not included in computing pro forma diluted income per common share for the nine months ended September 30, 1999, because their inclusion would result in increased income per common share. Shares of common stock issuable under deferred compensation arrangements approximated 3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 1999. For the year ended December 31, 1998, options to purchase shares of common stock as well as shares issuable under deferred compensation arrangements were not included in computing pro forma diluted income per common share because their inclusion would result in a smaller loss per common share. For the year ended December 31, 1998, the options to purchase shares of common stock as well as the common stock issuable under deferred compensation arrangements approximated 21 million shares. (7) King World Condensed Statements of Operations The King World condensed statement of operations for the nine months ended August 31, 1999 is calculated by subtracting the King World first quarter statement of operations as filed in its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three month period ended November 30, 1998 from its total year 1999 statement of operations which is included in CBS' Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 22, 1999. The King World condensed statement of operations for the twelve month period ended November 30, 1998 is calculated by adding the King World first quarter statement of operations as filed in its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three month period ended November 30, 1998, and subtracting the prior year first quarter statement of operations as filed in their Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended November 30, 1997, from its total year 1998 statement of operations as filed in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 1998. (8) Other CBS Events The unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements are presented after giving effect to the following Other CBS Events: Acquisition of American Radio by CBS On June 4, 1998, CBS acquired the radio operations of American Radio for $1.4 billion in cash plus the assumption of debt with a fair value of approximately $1.3 billion. This acquisition has been accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. Probable Acquisition of Outdoor Systems by Infinity On May 27, 1999, Infinity signed a definitive agreement to acquire Outdoor Systems for approximately $8.7 billion which includes the assumption of debt with a fair value of approximately $1.9 billion. This acquisition will be accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. In connection with this acquisition Infinity will issue approximately 231 million shares of its Class A common stock which will dilute CBS' equity 40 NOTES TO UNAUDITED CBS/KING WORLD PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) (tables in millions, except per share data) ownership in Infinity to approximately 65 percent. On November 4, 1999 the Outdoor Systems and Infinity Broadcasting shareholders approved the transaction which is expected to close during November 1999 subject to certain closing conditions as set forth in the merger agreement. Infinity Initial Public Offering In 1998, CBS formed a new company, named Infinity, comprising the radio and outdoor advertising operations of CBS. In December 1998, Infinity sold 18.2 percent of its common stock in an initial public offering, generating proceeds of approximately $3 billion. These proceeds were used to pay down an intercompany note payable to CBS. CBS used the proceeds of the payment on the note to pay down existing debt under the CBS revolving credit facility and other debt of CBS and made investments in short-term marketable securities. The following table sets forth the estimated adjustments affecting CBS' consolidated financial statements for the inclusion of the probable acquisition of Outdoor Systems by Infinity. In that regard, the historical statement of position at September 30, 1999, has been incorporated into the pro forma financial information and is adjusted to reflect the acquisition purchase price as well as other items such as: the repayment of long-term debt; the step up in value of long-term debt instruments; the elimination of existing debt financing costs; the accrual for the estimated transaction costs; and the recognition of the estimated excess purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired as goodwill. As further analysis is performed, including appraisals on identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, these estimates may be significantly revised including the estimated amortization periods. Minority interest in equity of consolidated subsidiaries has also been adjusted to reflect Infinity's distribution of its stock in connection with the acquisition of Outdoor Systems and thus the reduction of CBS' equity interest in Infinity from approximately 83 percent at September 30, 1999 to approximately 65 percent. 41 NOTES TO UNAUDITED CBS/KING WORLD PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) (tables in millions, except per share data)
Outdoor Adjustments Systems Pro Forma For Other CBS September 30, 1999 Adjustments Events ------------------ ----------- ------------- ASSETS: Cash and cash equivalents........ $ 16 $ (145) $ (129) Customer receivables, net........ 175 -- 175 Deferred income taxes............ 13 -- 13 Prepaid and other current assets.......................... 95 -- 95 ------ ------ ------ Total current assets............. 299 (145) 154 Property and equipment, net...... 1,898 -- 1,898 Goodwill, net.................... 605 5,991 6,596 Other intangible and noncurrent assets.......................... 48 20 68 ------ ------ ------ Total assets..................... $2,850 $5,866 $8,716 ====== ====== ====== LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY: Current maturities of long-term debt............................ $ 183 $ -- $ 183 Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities............... 89 15 104 ------ ------ ------ Total current liabilities........ 272 15 287 Long-term debt................... 1,628 (70) 1,558 Other noncurrent liabilities..... 109 (10) 99 ------ ------ ------ Total liabilities................ 2,009 (65) 1,944 ------ ------ ------ Minority interest in equity of consolidated subsidiaries....... -- 3,901 3,901 Shareholders' equity: Common stock..................... 2 (2) -- Capital in excess of par value... 764 2,107 2,871 Common stock held in treasury, at cost............................ (4) 4 -- Retained earnings................ 80 (80) -- Accumulated other comprehensive loss............................ (1) 1 -- ------ ------ ------ Total shareholders' equity....... 841 2,030 2,871 ------ ------ ------ Total liabilities and shareholders' equity............ $2,850 $5,866 $8,716 ====== ====== ======
42 NOTES TO UNAUDITED CBS/KING WORLD PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) (tables in millions, except per share data) The following table combines the above mentioned Other CBS Events as if these transactions had occurred as of January 1, 1999 and were reflected in CBS' results of operations for the nine-month period ended September 30, 1999:
Outdoor Adjustments Systems Pro Forma For Other CBS September 30, 1999 Adjustments Events ------------------ ----------- ------------- Revenues......................... $ 591 $ -- $ 591 Operating expenses............... (271) -- (271) Marketing, general and administrative.................. (28) -- (28) Depreciation and amortization.... (109) (150)(/d/) (259) ----- ----- ----- Operating profit (loss).......... 183 (150) 33 Other income and expense, net.... 1 -- 1 Interest expense, net............ (111) 13 (/e/) (98) ----- ----- ----- Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and minority interest in income of consolidated subsidiaries.... 73 (137) (64) Income tax expense............... (25) (5)(/c/) (30) Minority interest in income of consolidated subsidiaries....... -- (15)(/f/) (15) ----- ----- ----- Income (loss) from continuing operations...................... $ 48 $(157) $(109) ===== ===== =====
43 NOTES TO UNAUDITED CBS/KING WORLD PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) (tables in millions, except per share data) The following table combines the above mentioned Other CBS Events as if these transactions had occurred as of January 1, 1998 and were reflected in CBS' results of operations for the year ended December 31, 1998:
American Radio Acquisition Outdoor Systems Acquisition ------------------------------- ----------------------------------- American Radio American Outdoor Outdoor Adjustments through Radio Systems Systems For June 4, Pro Forma Pro Forma Infinity December 31, Pro Forma Pro Forma Other CBS 1998 Adjustments Combined IPO 1998 Adjustments Combined Events -------- ----------- --------- -------- ------------ ----------- --------- ----------- Revenues................ $168 $ -- $ 168 $ -- $706 $ -- $ 706 $ 874 Operating expenses...... (119) -- (119) -- (331) -- (331) (450) Marketing, general and administrative......... (4) -- (4) -- (37) -- (37) (41) Depreciation and amortization........... (28) (10)(a) (38) -- (123) (202)(d) (325) (363) ---- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----- ----- ----- Operating profit (loss)................. 17 (10) 7 -- 215 (202) 13 20 Other income and expense, net........... -- -- -- -- (5) -- (5) (5) Interest expense, net... (30) (45)(b) (75) 169 (g) (138) 17 (e) (121) (27) ---- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----- ----- ----- Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and minority interest in income of consolidated subsidiaries........... (13) (55) (68) 169 72 (185) (113) (12) Income tax expense...... 9 10 (c) 19 (67)(c) (31) (6)(c) (37) (85) Minority interest in income of consolidated subsidiaries........... -- -- -- (13)(f) -- (16)(f) (16) (29) ---- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----- ----- ----- Income (loss) from continuing operations.. $ (4) $ (45) $ (49) $ 89 $ 41 $(207) $(166) $(126) ==== ===== ===== ===== ==== ===== ===== =====
Pro forma adjustments giving effect to the Other CBS Events in the unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements reflect the following: (a) American Radio acquisition--amortization of goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, including FCC licenses on a straight-line basis over 40 years. (b) Increase in interest expense resulting from borrowings under CBS' credit facility to finance the acquisition of American Radio including the repayment of a portion of American Radio revolver borrowings in conjunction with the consummation of the acquisition. (c) Income tax expense on the pro forma results of operations and the pro forma adjustments, excluding non-deductible goodwill amortization, is calculated at a 40 percent marginal tax rate. 44 NOTES TO UNAUDITED CBS/KING WORLD PRO FORMA COMBINED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) (tables in millions, except per share data) (d) Outdoor Systems acquisition--amortization of goodwill and identifiable intangible assets on a straight-line basis over 30 years. (e) Reduction in interest expense resulting from the repayment of Outdoor Systems' credit facility with credit facility borrowings of Infinity where average borrowing rates are more favorable than previously experienced by Outdoor Systems. In addition, the reduction of interest expense reflects the recording of all debt instruments assumed at fair value within the pro forma financial statements. These reductions were partially offset by incremental interest expense recognized as a result of the assumed deconsolidation of Infinity from the CBS consolidated income tax return. (f) The adjustment to minority interest in income of consolidated subsidiaries reflects CBS' ownership interest dilution resulting from Infinity's assumed issuance of common stock to acquire Outdoor Systems. In addition, for the year ended December 31, 1998 the adjustment reflects the impact of Infinity's initial public offering. As a result of the December 1998 initial public offering CBS' equity ownership in Infinity was reduced to approximately 81.8 percent and will be further reduced to approximately 65 percent after Infinity's probable acquisition of Outdoor Systems. (g) Reduction in the interest expense represents savings resulting from the assumed repayment of debt with the proceeds received from the Infinity public offering. 45 THE MERGER The discussion in this joint proxy statement/prospectus of the merger and the principal terms of the merger agreement is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, the merger agreement, a copy of which is attached to this joint proxy statement/prospectus as Annex A and is incorporated herein by reference. Background to the Merger On August 5, 1999, the FCC announced that it had adopted new regulations that, for the first time, would permit a single person to own two television stations in a single market, subject to limitations. Since that date, it has been widely reported that numerous owners of television stations have been seeking opportunities to acquire or sell stations in reliance on the new rules. On August 11, at the request of Mr. Karmazin, Mr. Karmazin and Mr. Redstone met at the offices of Viacom. Mr. Karmazin reviewed with Mr. Redstone the businesses of CBS and discussed with Mr. Redstone various possible transactions between the two companies, including an exchange of assets in the television and cable television businesses and ways in which various businesses of the two companies could be combined. On August 12, Mr. Redstone called Mr. Karmazin and suggested that they meet again, together with Philippe Dauman and Thomas Dooley, Viacom's Deputy Chairmen and Executive Vice Presidents, to discuss further the possible transactions discussed at their August 11 meeting. On August 16, Messrs. Redstone, Dauman and Dooley met with Mr. Karmazin. Mr. Karmazin proposed various alternative transactions involving the two companies, including swapping Viacom's television stations for the cable television networks of CBS and combining the entire businesses of Viacom and CBS. Mr. Karmazin emphasized the complementary nature of the assets of the two companies. Mr. Redstone indicated interest in the swap transaction, but did not express a conclusion regarding a possible merger. Mr. Karmazin said that he would like to make a more detailed presentation regarding the businesses of CBS to Messrs. Redstone, Dauman and Dooley. The parties agreed to meet again on August 24. On August 24, Mr. Karmazin again met with Messrs. Redstone, Dauman and Dooley. Mr. Karmazin presented information regarding CBS, describing the performance of its assets, strategies for growth and the benefits of selling advertising across different advertising media. At the conclusion of the presentation, Mr. Karmazin again suggested a merger involving the two companies, proposing that CBS acquire Viacom at a premium to market value. Mr. Redstone indicated that he would not be interested in selling his stake in Viacom, but indicated that, in light of the strong strategic fit between the two companies, he would consider a merger of equals priced at market value, in which Mr. Redstone's controlling interest in Viacom was preserved in the combined company through the issuance of Viacom's non-voting Class B common stock to the shareholders of CBS. Mr. Redstone indicated that, if such a transaction was pursued, he would recommend a role for Mr. Karmazin in which he would serve as President and Chief Operating Officer of the combined company. Mr. Karmazin indicated his willingness to consider these terms and said that he would like to discuss such a transaction with members of the CBS Board of Directors. On August 26, the CBS Board held a special meeting at which Mr. Karmazin reviewed for the Board the conversations and contacts he had had with Mr. Redstone to date and the current status of discussions regarding the structure and terms of a possible transaction with Viacom. Mr. Karmazin and Fredric G. Reynolds, CBS' Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, also reviewed for the Board the capital structure and share ownership of Viacom. The CBS Board authorized Mr. Karmazin to continue his discussions with Mr. Redstone. Following the August 26 meeting, detailed publicly available information and analyst reports relating to the share ownership of Viacom were distributed to the CBS Board. On August 25 and 26, representatives of Shearman & Sterling, counsel to Viacom, held various discussions with representatives of Cravath, Swaine & Moore, legal counsel to CBS, and representatives of 46 Evercore, financial advisors to CBS, concerning the structure of a possible transaction, exchange ratio mechanisms and related matters. On August 26, Mr. Redstone and Mr. Karmazin met to continue their discussions regarding management of the combined company and ways to assure the CBS Board of Directors as to the management of the combined company in light of the controlling shareholdings of Mr. Redstone. On August 27, representatives of Viacom, Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, financial advisors to Viacom, and Shearman & Sterling met with representatives of CBS, Evercore and Cravath, Swaine & Moore to discuss the structure and exchange ratio for a possible transaction, board composition and management issues, the due diligence review process and related matters. The parties also finalized and executed a confidentiality agreement at this meeting. On August 29, senior executives and professional advisors of each of Viacom and CBS met to exchange financial, legal and business due diligence information. The due diligence process, which included review of documents and interviews with executives and professional advisors of each company, continued through the signing of the merger agreement. On August 30, Mr. Redstone and Mr. Karmazin discussed further the proposed governance of the combined company. The discussions related to Mr. Karmazin's proposed responsibilities and powers as Chief Operating Officer and Mr. Redstone's responsibilities and powers as Chief Executive Officer as well as whether the proposed responsibilities of the Chief Operating Officer were inconsistent with the continued involvement of Messrs. Dauman and Dooley as senior managers of Viacom following the merger. Mr. Redstone advised Mr. Karmazin that Messrs. Dauman and Dooley had indicated to Mr. Redstone that, in view of the strategic benefits to Viacom of the proposed transaction, they would be willing to resign from their respective management positions at Viacom at the closing of the transaction if that would facilitate the resolution of the governance arrangements for the combined company. Messrs. Redstone and Karmazin also confirmed their understanding that the combined board of directors would consist of a majority of Viacom representatives. These points were discussed further on August 31 between Mr. Redstone and Mr. Karmazin. On August 30, Shearman & Sterling delivered a draft merger agreement to Cravath, Swaine & Moore. On August 31, the CBS Board held a special meeting to continue the Board's previous discussions regarding a possible transaction between CBS and Viacom. Mr. Karmazin described in detail the discussions with Mr. Redstone leading up to the current proposal for a merger of CBS with Viacom. Mr. Karmazin and other members of CBS' senior management discussed with the CBS Board their views of various aspects of the proposed transaction. Louis Briskman, CBS' Executive Vice President and General Counsel, and representatives of Cravath, Swaine & Moore discussed with the CBS Board its fiduciary duties with regard to its consideration of the proposed transaction under applicable law. Representatives of Evercore discussed with the CBS Board their views and preliminary analyses of the financial aspects of the proposed transaction. The CBS Board reviewed and considered, among other things, the initial results of the due diligence investigation conducted to date, the proposed terms of the transaction, the impact of the proposed transaction on CBS' other pending transactions and the proposed terms relating to the management, board representation and governance of the combined company. Following extensive discussion of these matters, the CBS Board directed Mr. Karmazin to negotiate further with Viacom on the basis of the CBS Board's recommendations with respect to the matters discussed during the meeting. In particular, the CBS Board directed Mr. Karmazin to negotiate arrangements substantially consistent with the management, board representation and governance arrangements which are described on pages 67 through 70. Following the CBS Board meeting on August 31, Cravath, Swaine & Moore and Shearman & Sterling reviewed and discussed those areas identified by the CBS Board of Directors as important for Mr. Karmazin to have delegated authority to manage, those areas which a majority of the board of directors of the combined company should have authority over and those areas requiring a supermajority board vote, and the conceptual framework for implementing this arrangement. Representatives of Cravath, Swaine & Moore and Shearman & 47 Sterling negotiated the terms of these arrangements, including related changes to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws of Viacom, together with the terms and conditions of the merger agreement and Mr. Karmazin's employment agreement, throughout the period from August 31 through the signing of definitive documentation on September 6. In addition, Morgan Stanley, on behalf of Viacom, and Evercore on behalf of CBS, continued to negotiate the exchange ratio through September 2. The parties mutually agreed to an at market exchange ratio. The negotiation of the exchange ratio involved discussions concerning the appropriate measurement period for determining the market value of Viacom and CBS without any premium. No financial analysis was performed in determining the exchange ratio. A fixed exchange ratio at market was agreed to on or about September 3, subject to Board approvals. On September 2, the Board of Directors of Viacom, at a special meeting, received a presentation regarding the proposed terms of the transaction from Viacom's outside counsel, and a presentation from Morgan Stanley regarding the financial terms of the transaction and discussed the proposed terms and the risks and merits of the proposed transaction. On September 2, the special meeting of the CBS Board reconvened and Mr. Karmazin recounted for the CBS Board the events that had transpired since the meeting recessed on August 31. Mr. Karmazin described in detail the proposed terms that had been negotiated with Viacom with respect to the corporate governance of Viacom following consummation of the proposed transaction, and explained to the CBS Board that such governance arrangements would be reflected in the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws of Viacom as well as in a voting agreement between National Amusements, the holder of a majority of Viacom's voting stock, and CBS. Following extensive discussion among the members of the CBS Board, Mr. Karmazin, other members of CBS' senior management, representatives of Cravath, Swaine & Moore and representatives of Evercore, the CBS Board directed Mr. Karmazin to negotiate definitive agreements and related documentation based on the terms outlined by Mr. Karmazin during the meeting. On September 5, the CBS Board held a special meeting to continue the Board's discussions with respect to the proposed merger and to consider the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the proposed consideration to be issued to CBS shareholders and the proposed terms regarding the powers of the board of directors, the chief executive officer and the chief operating officer of Viacom following the merger. Mr. Karmazin and other members of CBS' senior management, representatives of Cravath, Swaine & Moore and representatives of Evercore made presentations to the CBS Board and discussed with the CBS Board their views and analyses of various aspects of the proposed transaction. Evercore delivered its oral opinion, which was subsequently confirmed in writing, that, based upon the matters presented to the CBS Board and as set forth in its opinion, as of such date, the exchange ratio was fair, from a financial point of view, to the shareholders of CBS. After further deliberation, the CBS Board unanimously approved the merger and the merger agreement and authorized, among other things, the execution of the merger agreement, the voting agreement and the stockholder agreement and unanimously recommended that CBS shareholders vote to adopt the merger agreement. On September 5, the Compensation Committee of the Viacom Board met to review and, subject to approval of the merger by the Viacom Board, approved the proposed terms of Mr. Redstone's and Mr. Karmazin's employment agreements, the resignation agreements for Messrs. Dauman and Dooley and the Viacom executive severance plans. For a more complete description of these terms, see the section entitled "Interests of Persons in the Merger--Senior Management Arrangements." Also on September 5, at a special meeting of the Viacom Board, the Board heard presentations on the results of the due diligence investigation and the status of the negotiation of the merger agreement and related agreements and received an updated presentation from Morgan Stanley. Morgan Stanley also delivered to the Viacom Board its oral opinion that the exchange ratio was fair from a financial point of view to Viacom. Further, on September 5, the Board also was briefed on and ratified the actions of the Compensation Committee, in the case of the resignation agreements of Messrs. Dauman and Dooley and the employment 48 agreement of Mr. Redstone, without the participation of such individuals. The Board then discussed the proposed terms and conditions of the transaction extensively, following which the Board adjourned the meeting in order to consider the results of further negotiations. During the evening of September 5, management of CBS and Viacom and their respective legal advisors continued their negotiations regarding the terms of the merger agreement and, in particular, the proposed terms regarding the respective powers of the board of directors, chief executive officer and chief operating officer. On the morning of September 6, the Board of Directors of Viacom met and reviewed the finalized terms of the proposed transactions. Following a discussion, the Viacom Board unanimously approved the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby. In the afternoon of September 6, CBS and Viacom executed the merger agreement, National Amusements executed the voting agreement and the stockholder agreement, Viacom and Messrs. Redstone and Karmazin executed their respective employment agreements, and Viacom executed resignation agreements with Messrs. Dauman and Dooley. On October 8, 1999, the merger agreement was amended and restated to provide for the issuance of Viacom Series C preferred stock in exchange for the CBS Series B preferred stock issued to Gaylord in connection with CBS' acquisition of KTVT-TV Dallas-Fort Worth from Gaylord. On November 23, 1999, the merger agreement was amended and restated again to provide for the alternative structure of the merger as a merger of CBS with and into Viacom/CBS LLC and to provide each company with additional flexibility to compensate its employees. Reasons for the Merger and Board Recommendations Viacom The Viacom Board carefully considered the terms of the merger and believes that the merger serves the best interests of Viacom and its shareholders. As a result, the Viacom Board declared that the merger agreement was advisable, unanimously approved the merger agreement and unanimously recommends that the Viacom shareholders approve the adoption of the merger agreement and the other proposals described in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. The Viacom Board considered a number of factors, including those listed below. The Viacom Board did not consider it practical, and did not try, to rank or weigh the importance of each factor, and different members of the Viacom Board may have given different weight to different factors. The Viacom Board also considered presentations by, and consulted with, members of Viacom's management as well as its financial advisors and outside and inside legal counsel. The list of factors set forth below is not exhaustive but is believed to include all material factors considered by Viacom's Board. CBS Assets and Relationship with the Existing Businesses of Viacom. The Viacom Board considered the quality and breadth of the assets of CBS, including the radio and outdoor advertising assets of Infinity, and its financial condition, competitive position and prospects for growth. In particular, the Board considered the complementary nature of the businesses of CBS and Viacom in that Viacom is a leader in the cable television programming, motion picture and television production businesses and CBS is a leader in the television network distribution, television and radio broadcasting and outdoor advertising businesses. The Board recognized the tremendous opportunities for the combined company to reach large audiences and cross-promote and cross-market its assets among various distribution outlets. Similarly, the Board recognized that the combined company would have greater opportunities to increase its advertising, licensing and other revenue than either company would on its own. The Board also considered potential economies of scale by combining these businesses. The Board took into account that the combined company would have an increased dependence on the advertising market, but concluded that the risk of such dependence was outweighed by the strategic benefits of the transaction. Financial Terms. The Viacom Board considered that the merger of equals structure, in which no premium would be paid to the shareholders of either company, would create a company with considerable financial resources. The Viacom Board considered the historical trading ranges of Viacom Class B common stock and CBS common stock as compared with the proposed exchange ratio. The Viacom Board also considered the fact that the merger would be tax-free to Viacom's shareholders. In addition, the Viacom Board considered the pro forma effect of the proposed transaction on the financial condition and results of the combined company and the price of CBS as compared with other comparable companies using various methods of valuation. Management and Governance Provisions. The Viacom Board considered the experience and accomplishments of Mr. Karmazin and other members of CBS management and the benefits of Mr. Karmazin's 49 service as President and Chief Operating Officer and Mr. Redstone's continuing service as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer to the Viacom shareholders. The Viacom Board weighed these benefits against the limitations the proposed governance structure would impose on its power to manage the combined company by majority vote of the board of the combined company and concluded that these limitations represented an acceptable balance of management responsibilities. Support of Sumner Redstone. The Viacom Board considered the fact that Viacom's controlling shareholder, National Amusements, which in turn is controlled by Mr. Redstone, supported the proposed transaction and was prepared to sign a voting agreement, in which National Amusements would agree to vote its shares in favor of the proposed transaction. Presentation and Opinion of Morgan Stanley. At its meeting on September 6, the Viacom Board considered the financial presentation made to the Viacom Board on September 5 and the oral opinion rendered by Morgan Stanley on September 5, subsequently confirmed in writing, that, as of that date, the proposed exchange ratio was fair to Viacom from a financial point of view. Morgan Stanley's opinion as to the fairness of the exchange ratio to Viacom contributed to the Viacom Board's determination that the merger is in the best interests of Viacom's shareholders. The Viacom Board did not request an opinion as to the fairness of the exchange ratio specifically to the shareholders of Viacom because Viacom is the surviving corporation in the merger and its shareholders are not exchanging their shares in the merger. In contrast, the CBS shareholders will be exchanging their shares of CBS stock for shares of Viacom stock. Regulatory Matters. The Viacom Board considered the fact that Viacom might be required to divest or reduce its interest in United Paramount Network and Viacom and/or CBS would be required to divest a number of television and radio stations in the event that current law and regulations were not amended or waived. The Viacom Board also considered the ability to obtain other necessary regulatory approvals. Terms, Conditions, Termination Provisions and Termination Fee. The Viacom Board reviewed the representations, warranties, covenants and conditions to consummation of the proposed transaction and the circumstances under which CBS would have the right to terminate the merger agreement. The Viacom Board considered the fact that the vote of the Viacom shareholders was assured by reason of the voting agreement to be entered into by National Amusements and that CBS would have the right to terminate the merger agreement under specified circumstances if there was a superior proposal. The Viacom Board considered the circumstances in which a termination fee would be payable in the event that the merger agreement was terminated. The Viacom Board considered that there could be no assurance that the acquisition of Outdoor Systems by Infinity or King World by CBS would be consummated. The Viacom Board also considered the fact that the merger would not be conditioned on the completion of the pending CBS transactions with King World and Outdoor Systems. The Viacom Board unanimously recommends that the holders of Viacom Class A common stock approve the adoption of the merger agreement and the other proposals described in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. CBS Reasons for the Merger. At its meeting on September 5, 1999, the CBS Board of Directors determined that the merger is in the best interests of CBS and its shareholders, has unanimously approved the merger and the merger agreement and unanimously recommended that CBS shareholders vote to adopt the merger agreement. In reaching its decision to approve the merger and the merger agreement and to recommend that CBS shareholders vote to adopt the merger agreement, the CBS Board of Directors consulted with senior management and its financial and legal advisors and considered a number of factors, including the following positive factors: . recent trends in the entertainment and media industries and that a combination of Viacom, a leading "content provider" in the entertainment and media industries, with CBS, a leading distributor and 50 marketer of programming, would create an even stronger global competitor in the entertainment and media industries; . the opportunity to create the premier seller of advertising in the media industry, which could result in increased advertising revenue for the combined company; . the opportunity for synergies and revenue generation through cross- promoting and cross-marketing the combined company's film, television, radio, theme park, home video, publishing, outdoor advertising and Internet businesses; . that the merger would benefit the shareholders of CBS because they would participate in the value generated by increases in the opportunities for revenue generation through their equity participation in Viacom; . the management and corporate governance arrangements agreed to between CBS and Viacom that would provide for a strong management team drawn from both companies that would work together to integrate the two companies, to realize growth opportunities, to achieve synergistic benefits, and to successfully implement strategies of the combined company, including that: . the Board of Directors of the combined company would be expanded from ten to eighteen directors. The eight additional directors will initially be selected from and designated by the Board of Directors of CBS and vacancies in this group will be filled during the initial three-year term by independent directors designated by these eight CBS directors; . Mr. Redstone, the current Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Viacom, would continue to serve as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the combined company and would be responsible, in consultation with the President and Chief Operating Officer, for corporate policy and strategy; . Mr. Karmazin, the current President and Chief Executive Officer of CBS, would serve as President and Chief Operating Officer of the combined company, would directly report to the CEO and consult with the CEO on all major decisions and would have responsibility for the supervision, coordination and management of the combined company's business; . Mr. Karmazin, as President and Chief Operating Officer, would be entitled to manage the combined company's business, subject to the ability of the combined company's board of directors to take action with the approval of at least 14 directors. However, in a number of areas the President and Chief Operating Officer would not be entitled to act without the approval of, and the combined company's board would be entitled to act by, a majority of the directors; and . the governance arrangements described above would be in effect for a period of three years from the closing of the merger. . the expected qualification of the merger as a tax-free reorganization; . the oral opinion of Evercore, delivered on September 5, 1999, which was subsequently confirmed in a written opinion, a copy of which is attached as Annex I to this joint proxy statement/prospectus, that, subject to the assumptions and limitations contained in that opinion, as of that date, the exchange ratio was fair, from a financial point of view, to the shareholders of CBS, and the financial presentation made by Evercore to the CBS Board of Directors in connection with delivering that opinion; . the terms and conditions of the merger agreement, including the right of CBS to consider and negotiate superior proposals; . the financial condition, cash flows and results of operations of CBS and Viacom, on both a historical and prospective basis, which indicated that the combined company would enjoy financial strength immediately upon consummation of the merger; 51 . the historical market prices and trading information with respect to CBS common stock and Viacom non-voting Class B common stock, including that the Viacom non-voting Class B common stock and the Viacom Class A common stock have historically traded at comparable levels; . that the complementary nature of the businesses of CBS and Viacom would enable the combined company to maintain important relationships with customers, suppliers and employees; . the fact that CBS as an independent company has not fully participated in aspects of the media and entertainment industry where Viacom had particular strengths, such as MTV Networks and Paramount Pictures; . the belief that the terms of the merger agreement, including the parties' representations, warranties and covenants, and the conditions to their respective obligations are reasonable; . the fact that Viacom might be required to divest or reduce its interest in United Paramount Network and that Viacom and/or CBS would be required to divest a number of television and radio stations in the event that current law and regulations were not amended or waived; . the regulatory approvals required to complete the merger and the favorable prospects for receiving those approvals; and . satisfactory reports from CBS management and its advisors as to their due diligence investigations of Viacom. The CBS Board of Directors also identified and considered a number of potentially negative factors in deliberations concerning the merger, including: . the status, timing and tax considerations relating to the potential split-off of Blockbuster to the shareholders of Viacom; . the existence of a controlling shareholder of the combined company following the merger and the non-voting security to be received by CBS shareholders in the merger; . the possible effects of the provisions regarding termination fees on the ability of a third party to make an unsolicited superior proposal; . the risk that the operations of CBS and Viacom might not be successfully integrated; . the risk that, despite the efforts of CBS and Viacom, key management and other personnel might not remain employed by the combined company after the merger; and . the risk that potential benefits of the merger might not be fully realized. The CBS Board of Directors believed that some of these risks were unlikely to occur, while others could be avoided or mitigated by CBS, and that, overall these risks were outweighed by the potential benefits of the merger. The discussion of the information and factors considered by the CBS Board of Directors in making its decision is not intended to be exhaustive but is believed to include all material factors considered by the CBS Board of Directors. In view of the variety of material factors considered in connection with its evaluation of the merger, the CBS Board of Directors did not find it practicable to, and did not, quantify or otherwise assign relative weights to, the specific factors considered in reaching its determination. In addition, individual members of the CBS Board of Directors may have given different weight to different factors. Recommendation of the CBS Board of Directors. After careful consideration, the CBS Board of Directors has determined that the merger is in the best interests of CBS and its shareholders, has unanimously approved the merger and the merger agreement and unanimously recommends that CBS shareholders vote "for" the adoption of the merger agreement. 52 Opinions of Financial Advisors Viacom Under a letter agreement dated as of September 2, 1999, Viacom engaged Morgan Stanley to act as its financial advisor in connection with a possible combination with CBS. The Viacom Board of Directors selected Morgan Stanley to act as its financial advisor based on Morgan Stanley's qualifications, expertise and reputation, as well as its knowledge of the business and affairs of Viacom. On September 5, 1999, Morgan Stanley delivered an oral opinion to the Viacom Board of Directors which was subsequently confirmed in writing, that, as of that date, and based upon and subject to the considerations set forth in the written opinion, the exchange ratio was fair from a financial point of view to Viacom. The full text of the opinion, which sets forth, among other things, the assumptions made, procedures followed, matters considered and limitations on the scope of the review undertaken by Morgan Stanley in rendering its opinion, is attached as Annex H to this joint proxy statement/prospectus. Morgan Stanley's written opinion is directed to the Viacom Board of Directors and only addresses the fairness of the exchange ratio to Viacom as of the date of the opinion. Morgan Stanley's written opinion does not address any other aspect of the merger and does not constitute a recommendation to any Viacom shareholder as to how to vote at the Viacom special meeting. The summary of the opinion set forth in this joint proxy statement/prospectus is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the opinion attached as Annex H hereto. The following is only a summary of the Morgan Stanley opinion. Viacom shareholders are urged to, and should, read the opinion carefully and in its entirety. In arriving at Morgan Stanley's opinion, Morgan Stanley, among other things: . reviewed certain publicly available financial statements and other information of Viacom and CBS; . reviewed and analyzed certain internal financial statements and other financial and operating data concerning Viacom and CBS prepared by the respective managements of Viacom and CBS; . discussed the past and current operations and financial condition and the prospects of Viacom and CBS with senior executives of Viacom and CBS including their estimates of the strategic operating benefits of the merger and analyzed the pro forma impact of the merger on Viacom's financial ratios; . reviewed the reported prices and trading activity for the Class B common stock of Viacom and the common stock of CBS; . compared the financial performance of Viacom and CBS and the prices and trading activity of Viacom and CBS with that of certain other comparable publicly traded companies and their securities; . participated in discussions and negotiations among representatives of Viacom, CBS and their respective financial and legal advisors; . reviewed the merger agreement and certain related documents; and . performed such other analyses and considered such other factors that Morgan Stanley deemed appropriate. Morgan Stanley assumed and relied upon without independent verification the accuracy and completeness of the information it reviewed for the purposes of its opinion. With respect to the financial projections, Morgan Stanley assumed that they had been reasonably prepared on bases reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments of the future financial performance of Viacom and CBS. Morgan Stanley has not made any independent valuation or appraisal of the assets or liabilities of Viacom and CBS, nor has Morgan Stanley been furnished with any such appraisals. Morgan Stanley has assumed that the merger will be consummated in accordance with the terms set forth in the merger agreement. Morgan Stanley's opinion is necessarily based on economic, market and other conditions as in effect on, and the information made available to it as of, the date of its opinion. 53 The following is a brief description of all material analyses performed by Morgan Stanley in connection with its oral opinion and the preparation of its written opinion letter. These summaries of financial analyses include information presented in tabular format. In order to understand the financial analysis used by Morgan Stanley, the tables must be read together with the text of each summary. The tables alone do not constitute a complete description of the financial analyses. Historical Public Market Trading Value. Morgan Stanley reviewed the stock price performance of CBS based on an analysis of the historical closing prices and trading volumes for the one year period beginning September 3, 1998 and ending September 3, 1999. The year long time period chosen for the analysis of historical public market trading values is a traditional measurement period for stock prices chosen to reflect the impact of corporate events which might be deemed to have an impact on the current share price performance of two companies which are considering a stock-for-stock merger. The use of incremental measurement periods within the year long review is designed to better capture the progression of each company's share price throughout the year and can better isolate the impact of specific corporate events on share price performance. The following table lists the low, average and high daily closing prices of shares of CBS common stock for the periods indicated. These prices compare to $48.89, the price for CBS common stock implied by multiplying the exchange ratio by the price of Viacom Class B common stock on September 3, 1999.
Historical CBS Common Stock Prices ------------------------------------ Low Average High ----------- ------------------------ Last One Year........................... $ 18.00 $ 36.90 $ 50.44 Last Nine Months........................ 26.75 40.93 50.44 Last Six Months......................... 35.38 43.98 50.44 Last Three Months....................... 40.56 45.07 50.44 Last One Month.......................... 44.13 46.71 50.44 Last Two Weeks.......................... 45.88 47.81 50.44
Comparative Stock Price Performance. As part of its analysis, Morgan Stanley reviewed the stock price performance of Viacom Class B common stock and CBS common stock and compared this performance with the following peer groups:
Viacom Peer Group CBS Peer Group ----------------- -------------- The Walt Disney Company A.H. Belo Corporation Fox Entertainment Group, Inc. Clear Channel Communications, Inc. The Seagram Company Ltd. Hearst-Argyle Television, Inc. Time Warner Inc. Sinclair Broadcast Group, Inc. Young Broadcasting Inc.
Morgan Stanley observed that over the one year period from September 3, 1998 to September 3, 1999, the closing market prices appreciated as set forth below:
% Total Appreciation -------------------- Viacom............................................... 56% CBS.................................................. 80 Viacom Peer Group.................................... 23 (equity market capitalization-weighted index) CBS Peer Group....................................... 42 (equity market capitalization-weighted index)
Securities Research Analysts' Future Price Targets. Morgan Stanley reviewed and analyzed future public market trading price targets for Viacom Class B common stock and CBS common stock prepared and published 54 by securities research analysts during the period from May 5, 1999 to August 18, 1999 for Viacom and May 26, 1999 to August 20, 1999 for CBS. Based upon discussions with senior executives of Viacom and CBS, these analysts' projections were viewed by Morgan Stanley as being representative of the future prospects of Viacom and CBS. These targets reflected each analyst's estimate of the future public market trading price of Viacom Class B common stock and CBS common stock at the end of the particular period considered for each estimate. Applying equity discount rates of 13.4% for Viacom and 12.8% for CBS, which reflect each company's cost of equity, Morgan Stanley arrived at a range of present values as of September 3, 1999 of these targets as set forth below:
Present Value Range ------- Low High --- ---- Viacom Public Market Trading Price Target........................... $42 $50 CBS Public Market Trading Price Target.............................. 46 53
The present value range of the Viacom Public Market Trading Price Targets compares to a $45.06 price for the Viacom Class B common stock as of September 3, 1999. The present value range of the CBS Public Market Trading Price Targets compares to a $48.89 price for the CBS common stock implied by multiplying the exchange ratio by the price of Viacom Class B common stock on September 3, 1999. Morgan Stanley noted that the public market trading price targets published by the securities research analysts do not reflect current market trading prices and that these estimates are subject to uncertainties, including the future financial performance of Viacom and CBS and future financial market conditions. Peer Group Comparison. Morgan Stanley compared financial information of Viacom and CBS with corresponding financial information for their respective peer groups. Morgan Stanley analyzed, among other things, for each company, the current aggregate value, i.e., equity value adjusted for capital structure, expressed as a multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization expense, or EBITDA. As of June 30, 1999 and based on estimates of EBITDA taken from selected securities research analysts, the statistics derived from this analysis are set forth below:
Viacom Peer Group CBS Peer Group ----------------- ---------------- Viacom Median High Low CBS Median High Low ------ ------ ---- ---- ---- ------ ---- --- 1999 EBITDA Multiple....... 17.1x 15.7x 19.0x 14.4x 22.7x 11.7x 25.7x 8.8x 2000 EBITDA Multiple....... 14.5 13.3 16.6 12.7 19.6 10.0 22.6 8.1
The trading multiples for Viacom, CBS and their respective peer groups compare to the transaction multiples implied by the exchange ratio of 22.7x 1999E CBS EBITDA and 19.6x 2000E CBS EBITDA. Discounted Cash Flow Analysis. Morgan Stanley performed a discounted cash flow analysis of CBS' business. A discounted cash flow analysis involves an analysis of the present value of projected cash flows and a terminal value using discount rates and terminal year free cash flow perpetual growth rates as indicated below. Morgan Stanley analyzed CBS' business using a forecast for the period beginning January 1, 1999 and ending December 31, 2003, based on estimates published by securities research analysts. Based upon discussions with senior executives of CBS, these analysts' projections were viewed by Morgan Stanley as being representative of the future prospects of CBS. Morgan Stanley estimated the CBS common stock discounted cash flow value by using a discount rate of 10% and a perpetual growth rate applied to 2003 free cash flow ranging from 4.5% to 5.5%. This analysis yielded a range of per share values for CBS common stock of 55 approximately $45 to $54. This range of per share values for CBS common stock compares to $48.89, the price for CBS common stock implied by multiplying the exchange ratio by the price of Viacom Class B common stock on September 3, 1999. The discount rates used in the discounted cash flow analysis of Viacom and CBS reflect each company's weighted average cost of capital. The weighted average cost of capital represents the cost of capital for CBS and Viacom based on the relative proportion of debt, preferred equity and common equity employed by each company. The range of perpetual growth rates employed in the CBS discounted cash flow analysis reflects certain assumption of CBS' cash flow growth in perpetuity. The terminal EBITDA multiple range used in the Viacom discounted cash flow analysis was based on a review of the trading multiples for Viacom and the companies in the Viacom peer group and a comparison of Viacom's business position relative to its peers. Morgan Stanley also performed a discounted cash flow analysis of Viacom's business. Morgan Stanley analyzed Viacom's business using a forecast for the period beginning January 1, 1999 and ending December 31, 2003, based on estimates published by securities research analysts. Based upon discussions with senior executives of Viacom, these analysts' projections were viewed by Morgan Stanley as being representative of the future prospects of Viacom. Morgan Stanley estimated the Viacom Class B common stock discounted cash flow value by using a discount rate of 10% and terminal multiples of estimated 2003 EBITDA ranging from 13.0x to 15.0x. This analysis yielded a range of per share values for Viacom Class B common stock of approximately $39 to $45. This range of per share values for Viacom Class B common stock compares to a $45.06 price for the Viacom Class B common stock as of September 3, 1999. Sum-of-the-Parts Analysis. Morgan Stanley performed a sum-of-the-parts analysis of CBS' business. A sum-of-the-parts analysis involves a separate valuation of each of CBS' core businesses. The valuation methodology applied to each component is set forth below:
Component Valuation Methodology --------- --------------------- Infinity Broadcasting Corporation Market Value of CBS' 700 million shares Television Assets(a) 13x-15x 2000E EBITDA Cable Programming (CMT/TNN) 17x-19x 2000E EBITDA King World Productions, Inc. CBS net purchase price Internet Holdings Morgan Stanley equity research estimate
- -------- (a) Includes an analysis of CBS' Television Station group and Television Network which were each analyzed as separate components. This analysis yielded a range of per share values for CBS common stock of approximately $42-$47. This range of per share values for CBS common stock compares to $48.89, the price for CBS common stock implied by multiplying the exchange ratio by the price of Viacom Class B common stock on September 3, 1999. The multiples for the Television Assets and Cable programming used in the sum-of-the-parts analysis were arrived at after a review of publicly traded companies with a similar operating profile to the CBS assets. Market position, growth prospects and profitability were a few of the many factors used in comparing the CBS assets to the publicly traded comparables. Relative Contribution Analysis. Morgan Stanley compared pro forma contribution of each of Viacom and CBS, based on securities research analyst estimates, to the resultant combined company assuming completion of the merger. Morgan Stanley adjusted these statistics to reflect each company's respective capital structure and then compared them to the pro forma ownership by Viacom shareholders of the common stock of the combined company, implied by the exchange ratio, of approximately 46%. Morgan Stanley performed this 56 analysis with and without Blockbuster as part of Viacom to reflect Viacom's previously announced intention to split-off Blockbuster to the Viacom shareholders and as a consequence, deconsolidate Blockbuster for accounting purposes. The results in terms of both EBITDA and after tax cash flow are set forth below:
Viacom Equity Contribution -------------------------------- With Without Blockbuster Blockbuster ------------- ------------- 2000E EBITDA........................... 55.3% 46.9% 2001E EBITDA........................... 54.5 45.9 2002E EBITDA........................... 53.1 44.9 2000E After Tax Cash Flow.............. 55.5 44.5 2001E After Tax Cash Flow.............. 56.2 45.4 2002E After Tax Cash Flow.............. 55.2 45.1
Historical Exchange Ratio Analysis. Morgan Stanley compared the exchange ratio of 1.085 to the ratio of the closing market prices of Viacom Class B common stock and CBS common stock on September 3, 1999. Morgan Stanley also compared this ratio to selected average historical ratios of the closing market prices of CBS common stock to Viacom Class B common stock over various periods ending September 3, 1999. Morgan Stanley then calculated the premiums represented by the exchange ratio over these ratios. The results of this analysis are set forth below:
% Premium/ Market (Discount) to Price Ratio Market Price Ratio ----------- ------------------ Current (9/3/99).............................. 1.086x (0.1)% Prior 5 Days.................................. 1.109 (2.2) Prior 10 Days................................. 1.123 (3.4) Prior 20 Days................................. 1.116 (2.8) Prior 30 Days................................. 1.097 (1.1) Prior 45 Days................................. 1.071 1.3 Prior 60 Days................................. 1.064 2.0 Last 6 Months................................. 1.043 4.0
As of September 3, 1999, the exchange ratio multiplied by the closing price for the Viacom Class B common stock implied a $48.89 share price for the CBS common stock or approximately a 5 cent discount to the closing price for CBS common stock. The preparation of a fairness opinion is a complex process and is not necessarily susceptible to a partial analysis or summary description. In arriving at its opinion, Morgan Stanley considered the results of all of its analyses as a whole and did not attribute any particular weight to any particular analysis or factor considered by it. Furthermore, selecting any portion of Morgan Stanley's analyses, without considering all analyses, would create an incomplete view of the process underlying the Morgan Stanley opinion. In addition, Morgan Stanley may have deemed various assumptions more or less probable than other assumptions, so that the ranges of valuations resulting from any particular analysis described above should not be taken to be Morgan Stanley's view of the actual value of Viacom or CBS. In performing its analysis, Morgan Stanley made numerous assumptions with respect to industry performance, general business and economic conditions and other matters, many of which are beyond the control of Viacom or CBS. Any estimates contained in the analyses performed by Morgan Stanley are not necessarily indicative of actual values, which may be significantly more or less favorable than suggested by such estimates. The analyses performed were prepared solely as a part of Morgan Stanley's analysis of the fairness of the exchange ratio to Viacom in connection with the delivery of Morgan Stanley's opinion to Viacom's Board of Directors. The analyses do not purport to be appraisals or to reflect the prices at which Viacom Class B common stock or CBS common stock might actually trade. 57 The exchange ratio was determined through arm's-length negotiations between Viacom and CBS and was approved by the Viacom Board of Directors. Morgan Stanley's opinion to the Viacom Board of Directors was one of many factors taken into consideration by the Viacom Board of Directors in making its determination to approve the merger. Consequently, the Morgan Stanley analyses described above should not be viewed as determinative of the opinion of the Viacom Board of Directors with respect to the value of CBS or of whether the Viacom Board of Directors would have been willing to agree to different consideration. Morgan Stanley is an internationally recognized investment banking and advisory firm. Morgan Stanley, as part of its investment banking business, is continuously engaged in the valuation of businesses and securities in connection with mergers and acquisitions, negotiated underwritings, competitive biddings, secondary distributions of listed and unlisted securities, private placements and valuations for corporate and other purposes. In the ordinary course of Morgan Stanley's trading, brokerage and financing activities, Morgan Stanley or its affiliates may at any time hold long or short positions, may trade, make a market or otherwise effect transactions, for its own account or for the accounts of customers, in the securities of Viacom or CBS. In accordance with an engagement letter dated September 2, 1999, Viacom has agreed to pay Morgan Stanley a $10 million fee for advisory services rendered and to reimburse Morgan Stanley for reasonable expenses incurred. Of this $10 million fee, $7.5 million is contingent upon the closing of the merger. Viacom has also agreed to indemnify Morgan Stanley and its affiliates, their respective directors, officers, agents and employees and each person, if any, controlling Morgan Stanley or any of its affiliates, against liabilities and expenses, including certain liabilities under the federal securities laws, arising out of Morgan Stanley's engagement. In the past, Morgan Stanley and its affiliates have provided financial advisory and financing services for Viacom and CBS and have received fees for the rendering of these services. CBS CBS retained Evercore to act as financial advisor to CBS and to render a fairness opinion, from a financial point of view, in connection with the merger. On September 5, 1999, Evercore delivered its oral opinion to the CBS Board of Directors which was subsequently confirmed in a written opinion, that, as of that date, the exchange ratio was fair, from a financial point of view, to the shareholders of CBS. The full text of the written opinion of Evercore is set forth as Annex I to this joint proxy statement/prospectus and describes the assumptions made, general procedures followed, matters considered and limits on the review undertaken. Evercore's opinion is directed only to whether the exchange ratio is fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of CBS common stock and does not constitute a recommendation of the merger over other courses of action that may be available to CBS or constitute a recommendation to any CBS shareholder as to how that shareholder should vote with respect to the merger. The summary of the opinion of Evercore set forth in this joint proxy statement/prospectus is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of such opinion, attached as Annex I. Shareholders of CBS are urged to read the opinion carefully and in its entirety. In connection with rendering its opinion, Evercore has, among other things: . analyzed various publicly available financial statements and other information relating to CBS and Viacom; . analyzed various internal financial statements and other non-public financial and operating data concerning CBS, which were prepared by and furnished to Evercore or reviewed for Evercore by the management of CBS, and concerning Viacom, which were prepared by and furnished to Evercore or reviewed for Evercore by the management of Viacom; . analyzed various financial projections for 1999 concerning CBS, which were prepared by the management of CBS, and concerning Viacom, which were prepared by the management of Viacom; . discussed the past and current operations and financial condition and the prospects of CBS with the management of CBS; 58 . discussed the past and current operations and financial condition and the prospects of Viacom with the management of Viacom; . reviewed the reported prices and trading activity of the CBS common stock and Viacom Class B common stock; . compared the market valuation and financial performance of CBS and Viacom with that of several other comparable publicly traded companies; . reviewed the financial terms to the extent available of certain comparable acquisition transactions; . participated in discussions and negotiations among representatives of CBS, Viacom, and their respective financial and legal advisers; . reviewed the merger agreement and the related exhibits and schedules; . reviewed various information concerning cost savings and combination benefits expected to result from the merger that was furnished to Evercore or reviewed for Evercore by the managements of CBS and Viacom; and . performed other analyses and examinations and considered other factors as Evercore in its sole judgment deemed appropriate. For purposes of its analysis and opinion, Evercore assumed and relied, without independent verification, upon the accuracy and completeness of the information reviewed by Evercore or reviewed for Evercore. With respect to the financial projections of CBS and Viacom for 1999 which were furnished to Evercore by the managements of CBS and Viacom, and certain analyses concerning the potential cost savings and combination benefits expected to result from the merger which were reviewed for Evercore by the management of CBS, Evercore assumed that they were reasonably prepared on bases reflecting the best currently available estimates and good faith judgments of the future competitive, operating and regulatory environments and related financial performance of CBS and Viacom, respectively. Evercore did not make nor assume any responsibility for making any independent valuation or appraisal of the assets or liabilities of CBS or Viacom, nor was Evercore furnished with any such appraisals. Evercore's opinion was necessarily based on economic, market and other conditions as in effect on, and the information and agreements made available to Evercore as of the date of its opinion. Evercore assumed, with the approval of CBS, that the merger would qualify as a tax-free reorganization within the meaning of Section 368 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. Evercore's opinion did not address CBS' underlying business decision to effect the merger nor constitute a recommendation to any CBS shareholder as to how that shareholder should vote with respect to the merger. Furthermore, Evercore expressed no opinion as to the price or range of prices at which the shares of Viacom Class B common stock would trade at any future time. For purposes of its analyses, Evercore primarily relied upon publicly available Wall Street research estimates for each company, and subsequently compared those estimates to internal budgets for 1999 for each company to confirm the reasonableness of the analysts' expectations. For purposes of rendering its opinion, Evercore assumed, in all respects material to its analysis, that the representations and warranties of each party contained in the merger agreement were true and correct, that each party would perform all the covenants and agreements required under the merger agreement, and that all conditions to the consummation of the merger would be satisfied without being waived. In connection with a presentation to the CBS Board on September 5, 1999, Evercore advised CBS' Board that, in evaluating the exchange ratio, Evercore had performed a variety of financial analyses with respect to CBS and Viacom, each of which material analysis is summarized below: Historical Exchange Ratio Analysis. Evercore reviewed the daily closing prices of CBS common stock and Viacom Class B common stock to determine the implied exchange ratio based upon the relative prices of CBS common stock and Viacom Class B common stock for each considered time period. Evercore did so in order to analyze whether the agreed upon exchange ratio was consistent with the implied exchange ratio during 59 these periods. Evercore analyzed the implied exchange ratio between CBS common stock and Viacom Class B common stock for various time periods between January 2, 1998 and September 3, 1999. Evercore noted that the agreed to exchange ratio of 1.085 was within the range of historical implied exchange ratios in the periods examined. The historical implied exchange ratios for the periods are shown below:
CBS Viacom Implied Share Class B Exchange Price Share Price Ratio ------ ----------- -------- September 3, 1999................................... $48.94 $45.06 1.0860 10-Day Average...................................... 47.81 42.59 1.1225 20-Day Average...................................... 46.71 41.86 1.1159 30-Day Average...................................... 46.15 42.10 1.0964 45-Day Average...................................... 45.86 42.91 1.0688 60-Day Average...................................... 45.07 42.43 1.0621 90-Day Average...................................... 44.63 41.73 1.0695 1999 Year-to-Date Avg. (through 9/3/99)............. 41.57 42.11 0.9871 1998 Full-Year Average.............................. 30.33 28.64 1.0591 Merger Exchange Ratio............................... 1.0850
Contribution Analysis. Evercore analyzed the relative contributions of CBS and Viacom to the pro forma combined company with respect to revenues, consolidated EBITDA, EBITDA less minority interest, adjusted to exclude minority interests in the EBITDA of Infinity for CBS and in Blockbuster for Viacom, equity market value, and enterprise value for the projected fiscal years ending in 1999 and 2000. Evercore did so in order to compare CBS' relative contribution to the combined company on these measurements to CBS' pro forma ownership of the combined company based on the exchange ratio. Evercore also reviewed the pro forma ownership of the combined company, taking into account each company's outstanding options and warrants on common stock treated under the treasury stock method. Evercore noted that the pro forma ownership percentage based on the exchange ratio was consistent with CBS' contribution of the measurements set forth below.
FY 1999E FY 2000E ------------ ------------ CBS Viacom CBS Viacom ---- ------ ---- ------ Contribution Percentage: Revenue........................................ 39.9% 60.1% 39.5% 60.5% Consolidated EBITDA............................ 52.0% 48.0% 52.2% 47.8% EBITDA Less Min. Int. (a)...................... 47.2% 52.8% 47.6% 52.4% Equity Market Value............................ 54.7% 45.3% Enterprise Value............................... 53.0% 47.0% Pro Forma Economic Ownership Based on Exchange Ratio: CBS............................................ 54.6% Viacom......................................... 45.4%
- -------- (a) Excludes 35.8% minority interest in Infinity for CBS and 17.7% minority interest in Blockbuster for Viacom. Pro Forma Merger Analysis. Primarily relying on Wall Street research estimates, Evercore analyzed the potential pro forma effects of the merger on CBS' projected free cash flow per share based on various assumptions regarding the merger. Evercore performed such analysis due to the fact that several Wall Street research analysts use projected free cash flow per share as one, among other, valuation measurements. For the purposes of this analysis, free cash flow was defined as EBITDA less interest expense less cash taxes less capital expenditures. This analysis indicated that the merger would initially be dilutive to CBS' free cash flow per share. The actual results achieved by the combined company may vary from projected results and the variations may be material. 60 Review of Selected Merger-of-Equals Transactions. Evercore reviewed the financial terms, to the extent publicly available, of nine selected merger-of- equals transactions, in order to compare the premiums implied in these transactions to the implied premium in the merger. Evercore reviewed the premiums implied in the selected merger-of-equals transactions relative to market value contributions, assuming a constant market capitalization based on closing stock prices prior to the announcement of such transactions. Evercore noted that, if the merger had closed on September 3, 1999, utilizing the Viacom closing stock price on September 3, 1999, and assuming the exchange ratio of 1.085, CBS shareholders would have received Viacom Class B common stock having a market value representing a discount of 0.1% to the CBS common stock September 3, 1999 closing price. Evercore compared this implied discount to the implied premiums/discounts for similar periods prior to public announcement in the following comparable merger-of-equals transactions: . Honeywell Inc./AlliedSignal Inc.; . GTE Corporation/Bell Atlantic Corporation; . Wells Fargo & Company/Norwest Corporation; . Monsanto Company/American Home Products Corporation; . BankAmerica Corporation/NationsBank Corp.; . First Chicago NBD Corporation/Banc One Corporation; . Citicorp/Travelers Group, Inc.; . HFS Incorporated/CUC International Inc.; and . NYNEX Corporation/Bell Atlantic Corporation. In each of the above transactions, the shareholders of the first-named company were to receive shares of the second-named company. Evercore considered these merger-of-equals transactions to be reasonably similar to the merger, but none of these precedents is identical to the merger. The following table presents the premiums or discounts contemplated in the merger and implied in these other transactions, from the perspective of the shareholders of the first-named company, compared with the previous trading day closing price per share:
Premium to Prior Day Closing Price ---------------------------------- CBS/Viacom.............................. -0.1% Precedent "Merger-of-Equals" Transactions: Average............................... 3.5% Median................................ 5.5% Low................................... -5.8% High.................................. 9.3%
Evercore noted that the discount of 0.1% for the CBS/Viacom merger was within the range of 5.8% -- 9.3% discount/premium for the other transactions analyzed. Selected Comparable Company Analysis. Evercore compared selected financial, market and operating information of CBS with corresponding data of other selected publicly traded companies with similar operations to those of CBS, in order to compare CBS' public market valuation to public companies with similar operations. Evercore compared the adjusted enterprise value to adjusted EBITDA multiples of the consolidated CBS Corporation to a selected group of publicly traded radio broadcasting and outdoor advertising companies. Adjusted enterprise value for a given company was defined as total enterprise value, which is equity market value plus total debt and preferred stock, less cash and cash equivalents, less the value of unconsolidated stakes in other companies, less the value of segments within the company that trade at multiples that are significantly different from the rest of the company, and plus the value of any minority stakes in consolidated businesses. 61 Adjusted EBITDA for a given company was defined as EBITDA less the EBITDA contributed by segments within the company that trade at multiples that are significantly different from the rest of the company. This selected group of publicly traded radio broadcasting and outdoor advertising companies was comprised of: . AM/FM Inc.; . Citadel Communications Corporation; . Clear Channel Communications, Inc.; . Cox Radio, Inc.; . Cumulus Media, Inc.; . Emmis Communications Corporation; . Entercom Communications Corp.; . Hispanic Broadcasting Corporation; . Infinity Broadcasting Corporation; . Radio One, Inc.; and . Saga Communications, Inc. Evercore selected these radio broadcasting and outdoor advertising companies because Evercore considered them to have operations similar to the operations of CBS in this business segment. All multiples were calculated based on closing prices as of September 3, 1999. For the comparable companies, EBITDA projections were based on publicly available Wall Street research estimates. Evercore noted that the closing price of CBS common stock on September 3, 1999 of $48.94 represented a multiple of EBITDA that was within the range found for the CBS-comparable companies set forth above. To illustrate, Evercore highlighted the following multiples of adjusted enterprise value to adjusted 1999E and 2000E EBITDA:
Adj. Enterprise Value to Adj. EBITDA ----------------------- FY 1999E FY 2000E ---------- ---------- CBS Consolidated...................................... 20.8x 18.2x Radio & Outdoor Advertising(a): Average............................................. 22.5x 19.5x Low................................................. 13.4x 12.0x High................................................ 28.7x 24.2x
- -------- (a) The analysis of Radio & Outdoor comparables excludes Hispanic Broadcasting because its multiples were not in line with other comparables. Evercore compared the adjusted enterprise value to adjusted EBITDA multiples of CBS, excluding its majority-owned stake in Infinity, to a selected group of publicly traded television broadcasting companies. Evercore looked at CBS excluding Infinity due to the fact that many Wall Street research analysts also analyze CBS in this manner in order to isolate the implied valuation of the non-radio/outdoor advertising assets. In doing so, Evercore excluded the financial impact of Infinity on the EBITDA of CBS. Evercore also reduced the enterprise value of CBS used in the calculation by an amount equal to the market value of Infinity common stock held by CBS plus Infinity's net debt balance. The group of publicly traded television broadcast companies selected for this comparative analysis was comprised of: . A.H. Belo Corporation; . Granite Broadcasting Corporation; . Hearst-Argyle Television, Inc.; . Paxson Communications Corporation; . Sinclair Broadcasting Group, Inc.; 62 . United Television, Inc.; and . Young Broadcasting, Inc. Evercore selected these television broadcasting companies because Evercore considered them to have operations similar to the operations of CBS, excluding Infinity, in this business segment. All multiples were calculated based on closing prices as of September 3, 1999. For the comparable companies, EBITDA projections were based on publicly available Wall Street research estimates. Evercore noted that the closing price of CBS common stock on September 3, 1999 of $48.94 represented a multiple of EBITDA that was within the range found for the CBS-comparable companies set forth above. Evercore highlighted the following multiples of adjusted enterprise value to adjusted 1999E and 2000E EBITDA:
Adj. Enterprise Value to Adj. EBITDA ----------------------- FY 1999E FY 2000E ---------- ---------- CBS Excluding Infinity(a) ............................ 19.2x 16.8x Television Broadcasting(b): Average............................................. 12.0x 10.9x Low................................................. 9.0x 7.9x High................................................ 14.2x 12.9x
- -------- (a) Also excludes TV network and Internet assets. (b) The analysis of Television Broadcasting comparables excludes Paxson Communications because its multiples were not in line with other comparables. Evercore also compared financial, market and operating information of Viacom with corresponding data of other selected publicly traded companies with similar operations. Evercore compared the adjusted enterprise value to adjusted EBITDA multiples of Viacom to a selected group of publicly traded entertainment companies. The selected group of publicly traded entertainment companies was comprised of: . The Walt Disney Company; . The News Corporation Limited; . Time Warner Inc.; . The Seagram Company Ltd.; . Fox Entertainment Group, Inc.; and . USA Networks, Inc. Evercore selected these entertainment companies because Evercore considered them to have operations similar to the operations of Viacom. All multiples were calculated based on closing prices as of September 3, 1999. For the comparable companies, EBITDA projections were based on publicly available Wall Street research estimates. Evercore noted that the closing price of Viacom Class B common stock on September 3, 1999 of $45.06 represented a multiple of Adjusted EBITDA that was within the range found for the Viacom-comparable companies set forth above. To illustrate, Evercore highlighted the following multiples of adjusted enterprise value to adjusted 1999E and 2000E EBITDA:
Adj. Enterprise Value to Adj. EBITDA ----------------------- FY 1999E FY 2000E ---------- ---------- Viacom(a)............................................. 20.2x 17.5x Entertainment Comparable Firms(b): Average............................................. 16.3x 13.8x Low................................................. 12.2x 9.8x High................................................ 20.8x 17.8x
- -------- (a) Excludes Blockbuster. (b) The analysis of Entertainment comparables excludes News Corp. due to its relatively high concentration on publishing operations. 63 No company used in the comparable company analyses summarized above is identical to CBS or Viacom. Accordingly, any analysis of the fairness of the consideration to be received by the holders of CBS common stock in the merger involves complex considerations and judgments concerning differences in the potential financial and operating characteristics of the comparable companies and other factors in relation to the trading values of the comparable companies. Selected Comparable Transaction Analysis. Evercore reviewed the implied transaction multiples paid in selected comparable merger and acquisition transactions and compared these multiples to the multiples implied by the consideration paid to CBS shareholders in the merger. Evercore did so in order to compare the multiples paid in those transactions to the multiple implied in the merger. Evercore noted that, if the merger had closed on September 3, 1999, utilizing the closing price of Viacom Class B common stock on September 3, 1999 of $45.06, and assuming the exchange ratio of 1.085, CBS shareholders would have received Viacom Class B common stock having a market value equal to $48.89 per each share of CBS common stock owned. Evercore analyzed the adjusted enterprise value of CBS, derived from this implied price per share, as a multiple of adjusted EBITDA and compared this multiple to multiples of EBITDA paid in selected mergers and acquisitions of radio broadcasting and outdoor advertising companies. The following selection of mergers and acquisitions of radio broadcasting and outdoor advertising companies was used for purposes of this analysis: . Chancellor Media Outdoor Corporation/Lamar Advertising Co. . Outdoor Systems, Inc./Infinity Broadcasting Corporation . Jacor Communications, Inc./Clear Channel Communications, Inc. . Capstar Broadcasting Corporation/Chancellor Media Corp. . Universal Outdoor Holdings, Inc./Clear Channel Communications, Inc. . American Radio Systems Corporation/CBS Corporation . SFX Broadcasting, Inc./Capstar Broadcasting Corporation . Viacom Radio/Evergreen Media Corp. . Chancellor Media Corp./Evergreen Media Corp. . Infinity Broadcasting Corporation/Westinghouse Electric Corporation Evercore also performed this analysis for the following selection of mergers and acquisitions involving television broadcasting companies: . Gaylord Entertainment/CBS Corporation . Kelly Broadcasting/Hearst-Argyle Television, Inc. . Pulitzer Publishing Company (TV & Radio)/Hearst-Argyle Television, Inc. . Sullivan Broadcasting/Sinclair Broadcast Group, Inc. . LIN Television Corporation/Hicks Muse Tate & Furst . Heritage Media Corporation/The News Corporation Limited . Heritage Media Corporation/Sinclair Broadcast Group, Inc. . A.H. Belo Corporation/Scripps Howard . Argyle TV/Hearst-Argyle Television, Inc. . Providence Journal Company/A.H. Belo Corporation . First Media Television, L.P./Meredith Corporation . New World Communications Group, Inc./The News Corporation Limited . Renaissance Communications Corporation/Tribune Company . Multimedia, Inc./Gannett Co., Inc. 64 Evercore selected these transactions because they involved companies in business segments in which CBS has operations. Evercore noted that the multiple implied by the merger as of September 3, 1999 is within the range of multiples paid in comparable transactions, and, therefore, that these analyses of multiples supported a fairness determination concerning the merger.
Transaction Value to EBITDA --------------------------- Merger Offer for CBS CBS Consolidated.................................. 20.8x CBS Excluding Infinity............................ 19.2x Radio & Outdoor Transactions: Average........................................... 17.7x Low............................................... 14.2x High.............................................. 21.0x Television Broadcasting Transactions: Average........................................... 14.4x Low............................................... 9.8x High.............................................. 23.3x
Additionally, Evercore analyzed the adjusted enterprise value of Viacom as a multiple of adjusted EBITDA and compared this multiple to multiples of EBITDA paid in a selection of mergers and acquisitions of entertainment companies. The following selection of mergers and acquisitions of entertainment companies was used for purposes of this analysis: . PolyGram N.V./The Seagram Company Ltd. . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc./Management . Turner Broadcasting System, Inc./Time Warner Inc. . CBS, Inc./Westinghouse Electric Corp. . Capital Cities/ABC, Inc./The Walt Disney Company . MCA, Inc./The Seagram Company Ltd. . Blockbuster Entertainment Corporation/Viacom Inc. . Paramount Communications Inc./Viacom Inc. Evercore selected these transactions because they involved companies in business segments in which Viacom has operations. Evercore noted that the multiple implied by Viacom's closing price on September 3, 1999 is within the range of multiples paid in comparable transactions.
Transaction Value to EBITDA ----------- Viacom (a).......................................................... 20.2x Entertainment Transactions (b): Average........................................................... 15.9x Low............................................................... 12.3x High.............................................................. 21.0x
- -------- (a) Excludes Blockbuster. (b) The analysis of Entertainment transactions excludes Blockbuster Entertainment Corporation/Viacom Inc. transaction due to the retail nature of Blockbuster's business. No transaction used in the comparable transaction analyses summarized above is identical to the merger. Accordingly, any analysis of the fairness of the consideration to be received by the holders of CBS common stock in the merger involves complex considerations and judgments concerning differences in the potential financial and operating characteristics of the comparable transactions and other factors in relation to the acquisition values of the comparable companies. 65 Discounted Cash Flow Analysis. Evercore estimated the present value of the future stand-alone, unlevered free cash flows that could be produced by CBS. Such analysis is performed to determine the value that a current share might be worth based on various assumptions as set forth below. The net present value ranges were estimated by applying one-year forward terminal value multiples ranging from 16.0x to 18.0x 2004E EBITDA and discount rates ranging from 11.0% to 14.0%. Terminal value multiples were determined based on both current public and private market-based valuations, as well as Wall Street research analyst estimates. The discount rates were determined based on the weighted average cost of capital formulation, which utilizes the cost of both debt and equity for a company/investment. This analysis indicated a value per share of CBS common stock ranging from approximately $42.03 to $52.60, as compared to the per share price of $48.89 for CBS common stock that was implied by the exchange ratio as of September 3, 1999. Evercore also performed a discounted cash flow analysis for Viacom. Evercore estimated the present value of the future stand-alone, unlevered free cash flows that could be produced by Viacom. The net present value ranges were estimated by applying one-year forward terminal value multiples ranging from 16.0x to 18.0x 2004E EBITDA and discount rates ranging from 11.0% to 14.0%. Terminal value multiples were determined based on both current public and private market-based valuations, as well as Wall Street research analyst estimates. The discount rates were determined based on the weighted average cost of capital formulation, which utilizes the cost of both debt and equity for a company. This analysis indicated a value per share of Viacom Class B common stock ranging from approximately $42.80 to $53.18, as compared to the per share price for Viacom Class B common stock of $45.06 on September 3, 1999. Sum-of-the-Parts Analysis. Evercore estimated the value of CBS by calculating the implied value of its different components at different multiples and then adding these values to arrive at a value for the consolidated entity. Evercore performed such analysis as it allows for the different business segments of a company to be valued consistently with its respective comparable peer group. This methodology is also commonly employed by Wall Street research analysts as one, among other, valuation measurements. For this sum-of-the-parts valuation, Evercore valued CBS' syndication business at a range of 10.0x to 12.0x 2000E EBITDA, CBS' television segment at a fixed amount for the network and at a range of 13.0x to 15.0x 2000E EBITDA for its television stations, and CBS' cable network division at a range of 16.0x to 18.0x 2000E EBITDA. The remaining businesses of CBS, consisting of corporate overhead, Internet assets, and CBS' stake in Infinity, were valued at fixed amounts. Evercore based its valuation ranges of these segments on both current public and private market-based valuations, as well as Wall Street analyst estimates. The sum-of-the parts valuation yielded a CBS common stock valuation range of $45.26 to $48.39 per share, as compared to the per share price of $48.89 for CBS common stock that was implied by the exchange ratio as of September 3, 1999. Evercore also estimated the value of Viacom with a similar sum-of-the-parts analysis. Evercore used a range of values for each of Viacom's business segments and assets. These values were based on multiples of EBITDA, subscribers or revenues, or on other metrics such as market value or historical cost. The sum-of-the parts valuation yielded a Viacom Class B common stock valuation range of $44.60 to $51.83 per share, as compared to the per share price for Viacom Class B common stock of $45.06 on September 3, 1999. The foregoing summary does not purport to be a complete description of the analyses performed by Evercore or of its presentation to CBS' Board. The preparation of financial analyses and a fairness opinion is not susceptible to partial analysis or summary description. Evercore believes that its analyses and the summary set forth above must be considered as a whole and that selecting portions of its analyses and the factors considered by it, without considering all analyses and factors, could create an incomplete view of the processes underlying the analysis conducted by Evercore and its opinion. Evercore has not indicated that any of the analyses which it performed had a greater significance than any other. In determining the appropriate analyses to conduct and when performing those analyses, Evercore made numerous assumptions with respect to industry performance, general business, financial, market and economic conditions and other matters, many of which are beyond the control of CBS or Viacom. The analyses which Evercore performed are not necessarily indicative of actual values or actual future results, which may be significantly more or less favorable than suggested by the analyses. The analyses were prepared solely as part 66 of Evercore's analysis as to whether the exchange ratio is fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of CBS common stock. The analyses are not appraisals and the estimates of values of companies do not reflect the prices at which a company might actually be sold or the prices at which any securities may trade at the present time or at any time in the future. Evercore is a nationally recognized investment banking firm that is regularly engaged in the valuation of businesses and their securities in connection with mergers and acquisitions. CBS retained Evercore based on these qualifications as well as its familiarity with CBS and Viacom. Evercore has previously provided various investment banking and financial advisory services to CBS, for which Evercore received customary fees for the rendering of these services. Pursuant to the terms of an engagement letter with Evercore, CBS agreed to pay Evercore a fee equal to $2,500,000 following delivery of Evercore's fairness opinion and $7,500,000 upon the completion of the merger. Whether or not the merger is completed, CBS has agreed under the engagement letter to reimburse Evercore for all its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, including the reasonable fees and disbursements of its counsel, incurred in connection with its engagement by CBS, and to indemnify Evercore against liabilities and expenses in connection with its engagement. Directors, Management and Corporate Governance of the Combined Company Pursuant to the merger agreement, the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws, and the stockholder agreement between National Amusements and CBS, Viacom, CBS and National Amusements have agreed to corporate governance arrangements which generally cannot be changed for three years following the merger without approval of at least 14 directors and, in some cases, approval of the combined company's shareholders. These corporate governance arrangements are described below. Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Redstone, the current Chairman and CEO of Viacom, will remain the Chairman and CEO of the combined company following the merger. Mr. Redstone, as CEO, will be responsible, in consultation with the President and COO, for the combined company's corporate policy and strategy and will chair all Board and shareholder meetings at which he is present. If Mr. Redstone ceases to be the CEO at any time during the first three years following the merger, or if Mr. Redstone is no longer the CEO at the effective time of the merger, Mr. Karmazin will be the CEO and will retain the COO functions described below. President and Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Karmazin, the current President and CEO of CBS, will be the President and COO of the combined company following the merger. The COO will report directly to the CEO and must consult with the CEO on all major decisions affecting the combined company. Mr. Karmazin, as COO, will be responsible for supervising, coordinating and managing the combined company's business, operations, activities, operating expenses, capital allocation, officers other than the CEO, and employees, including hiring, terminating, changing positions and allocating responsibilities of those officers and employees, other than hiring of the Chief Financial Officer, Controller and General Counsel, which can only be done by majority vote of the combined company's board. All officers, other than the CEO, and employees will report directly or indirectly to the COO. During the three-year period following the merger, Mr. Karmazin cannot be terminated or demoted, whether he is COO or CEO, and none of the COO functions may be changed, unless approved by a vote of at least 14 directors. In a number of areas, Mr. Karmazin may not act without the approval of, and the combined company's board may act by, a majority of the directors. As described below, ten of the 18 directors of the combined company are expected to be designees of Viacom or their successors and could therefore control actions which may be taken by a majority of the combined company's directors. In all other areas, Mr. Karmazin's authority to manage the combined company may be limited only by a supermajority of the Board of at least 14 directors. As a result, Mr. Karmazin will have an unusual degree of autonomy for a President and COO of a large 67 corporation. For example, Mr. Karmazin may approve the acquisition or divestiture of an internet or internet related business meeting the criteria discussed below for under $100 million, subject to an aggregate $550 million limit, or the acquisition or divestiture of a radio or outdoor advertising business, subject to an aggregate $300 million limit, and can only be overruled in these decisions by a supermajority of 14 directors. Mr. Karmazin's ability to hire and terminate officers of the combined company without board approval is also unusual. Board of Directors. At the effective time of the merger, the Board of Directors of Viacom will be expanded to 18 directors. The Board size may not be changed during the three-year period following the merger without the approval of at least 14 directors. Eight of the 18 directors initially will be individuals who were directors of CBS on September 6, 1999, or any independent directors of CBS subsequently appointed to the CBS Board of Directors, as selected by the CBS Board of Directors prior to the effective time of the merger. The Viacom Board, subject to the fiduciary duties of its members, and National Amusements, pursuant to its voting agreement with CBS, are required to take all action necessary to fill any vacancy in any of the eight CBS directorships with an independent director designated by a majority of the remaining CBS directors. No CBS director serving on the Viacom Board may be removed from office during the three-year period following the merger unless the removal is for cause and is approved by at least 14 directors. The remaining ten directors will be the Viacom directors immediately prior to the effective time of the merger. Of these ten directors, two must either be the current independent directors of Viacom or other disinterested, independent persons that are chief executive officers, chief operating officers, chief financial officers or former chief executive officers of a Fortune 500 company or a non-U.S. public company of comparable size. Subject to the preceding sentence, National Amusements, which is controlled by Mr. Redstone, through its majority ownership of Viacom Class A common stock, has the ability to cause the Viacom nominees to be elected to serve as the ten remaining directors. Actions of the Board of Directors. All actions to be taken by the Board of Directors of Viacom following the merger will require the approval of at least 14 directors, except for the actions specified below, which will require approval only by a majority of the Board: Acquisitions, Divestitures, Joint Ventures, Guarantees . Any acquisition, equity investment or joint venture by Viacom or any of its subsidiaries for more than $25 million. . Any divestiture or other sale of assets not in the ordinary course by Viacom or any of its subsidiaries for more than $25 million. . Any real estate purchase, sale or lease by Viacom or any of its subsidiaries for more than $25 million. . Any guarantee by Viacom or any of its subsidiaries of an obligation of a third party where the obligation guaranteed is more than $25 million. . Notwithstanding any of the above, any acquisition or divestiture by Viacom or any of its subsidiaries of: -- internet or internet related businesses for more that $25 million but less than $100 million, with the value thereof represented by multi-year commitments for advertising, promotion and content licensing, is excluded, so long as the aggregate of these acquisitions or divestitures, in each case, does not exceed $550 million and -- radio or outdoor advertising businesses for more than $25 million but less than $100 million is excluded, so long as the aggregate of these acquisitions or divestitures, in each case, does not exceed $300 million; provided that: -- any divestiture of shares of a publicly traded internet or internet related business with a value of up to $75 million is excluded and will not be included in the calculation of any of the threshold amounts set forth above, 68 -- Board approval may be secured, but is not required, for any transaction of more than $25 million but less than $100 million where the regular meeting schedule of the Board so permits and is not otherwise required, -- the Board will be provided with information about and a status report on the transactions completed without Board approval and -- this limit of authority will be reviewed 12 months following the merger and may be amended only with the approval of 14 directors. . Any contract of Viacom or any of its subsidiaries not in the ordinary course with a value in excess of $25 million. . Notwithstanding any of the above, any of the acquisitions, divestitures or other transactions described above that are approved by a majority of the Board will not be included in the calculation of any of the threshold amounts for these transactions. For example, if a majority of the Board elects to approve the acquisition of an internet business for $100 million, the $100 million would not count against the $550 million aggregate threshold above which this type of transaction would require majority Board approval. Employee Matters . Employee benefit plans of Viacom or any of its subsidiaries: (1) creating a new plan, (2) suspending or terminating an existing plan or (3) adopting any amendment that materially increases costs to Viacom or any subsidiary. . Entering into any modifications or amendments to the employment agreements with the CEO or the COO. General . The Annual Report on Form 10-K. . The proxy statement and notice of meeting, including annual or special meeting date, location, record date for voting. . Any issuance of Viacom stock, or options, warrants or other similar rights, including stock appreciation rights or debt or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for Viacom stock. . Any issuance of debt unless the debt is short term and is within the spending limits of the annual operating budget or is replacing existing debt. . Annual capital expenditure and annual operating budgets and individual capital expenditures in excess of $25 million for Viacom or any of its subsidiaries. . Viacom or any of its subsidiaries pays a dividend or repurchases its stock from a third party. . Review and approval of any action or transaction where Board action is required by law, other than Section 141(a) of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or by the terms of the transaction, in all cases other than as specifically set forth in Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation. . Review and approval of Board minutes. . Subject to other provisions of Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation, determining Board administration, including number of directors, meeting schedule, nominees, committees, director compensation, director and officer insurance authorization, internal investigations and retention of advisors in connection with the foregoing, and decisions regarding indemnification of individuals. . Subject to other provisions of Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation, amendments to the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws of Viacom. 69 . Commencement and settlement of major litigation. . Selection of independent auditors. . All matters on which Viacom's Board of Directors has historically taken action other than: -- matters relating to the subject matters addressed in this list and not requiring the approval of the Board of Directors under Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation and -- those matters delegated to the COO, including all the COO functions set forth in Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Committees of the Board. The Board of Directors of Viacom may delegate any of its responsibilities to a committee. During the three-year period following the merger, except with respect to the Compensation Committee and the Officers Nominating Committee described below, CBS directors must be represented on each committee in the same proportion as their representation on the full Board of Directors, with a minimum of one CBS director on each committee. Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation specifically provides for two committees, the Officers Nominating Committee and the Compensation Committee: Officers Nominating Committee. The Officers Nominating Committee will be composed of the COO or, in the event Mr. Karmazin is CEO, the CEO. During the three-year period following the merger, the Officers Nominating Committee has the power, subject to the powers of the Compensation Committee, to hire, elect, terminate, change positions, allocate responsibilities and determine non-equity compensation of officers and employees, other than the Chairman, CEO and COO. The Officers Nominating Committee will not, however, have the power to fill the position of Chief Financial Officer, Controller or General Counsel without approval by a majority of the Board of Directors, although the Officers Nominating Committee will have the power to terminate the employment of the persons holding those positions. Any action taken by the Officers Nominating Committee may be overturned by a vote of at least 14 directors. Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee will be composed of three CBS directors who are independent directors and three non-CBS directors, all of whom are independent. Except as set forth in the following sentence, all compensation must be approved by the Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee does not have the power to approve the annual compensation of any talent, as that term is commonly used in the media or entertainment industries, or of any employee whose annual cash compensation, measured as salary plus target bonus is less than $1 million. These powers are delegated to the Officers Nominating Committee. Subsidiaries. The CEO and COO will be elected or appointed to the boards of directors of all public subsidiaries of Viacom following the merger. In addition, the Board of Directors of Viacom will have the right, in consultation with the COO or, if Mr. Karmazin is the CEO, the CEO, to implement corporate governance arrangements for any public subsidiary of Viacom consistent with the corporate governance arrangements contained in Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Miscellaneous. The combined company may not issue any stock or other securities, including authorized shares of Viacom Class A common stock and Viacom preferred stock, giving the holder the right to vote on any matter on which shareholders are entitled to vote, if National Amusements would, as a result of the issuance, no longer own a majority of the outstanding voting stock of the combined company. Any amendment, alteration, repeal or waiver of the provisions of the new proposed Restated Certificate of Incorporation summarized above requires the approval of at least 14 directors of the combined company. Accounting Treatment The merger will be accounted for as a purchase for financial accounting purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. For purposes of preparing Viacom's consolidated financial statements, 70 Viacom will establish a new accounting basis for CBS' assets and liabilities based upon their fair values, the merger consideration and the costs of the merger. Viacom believes that any excess of cost over the fair value of the net assets of CBS will be recorded as goodwill and other intangible assets. A final determination of the intangible asset lives and required purchase accounting adjustments, including the allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values, has not yet been made. Accordingly, the purchase accounting adjustments made in connection with the development of the unaudited pro forma combined financial information appearing elsewhere in or incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus are preliminary and have been made solely for purposes of developing that pro forma information. Viacom will determine the fair value of CBS' assets and liabilities and will make appropriate purchase accounting adjustments, including adjustments to the amortization period of the intangible assets, upon completion of that determination. Federal Income Tax Consequences The following discussion summarizes the material United States federal income tax consequences of the merger assuming that it is consummated as contemplated by this joint proxy statement/prospectus. This discussion is based on the Internal Revenue Code, U.S. Treasury regulations, judicial decisions and administrative rulings as of the date hereof, all of which are subject to change, including changes with retroactive effect. The discussion below does not address any state, local or foreign tax consequences of the merger. This discussion assumes that shareholders hold such shares as capital assets. The tax treatment of a shareholder may vary depending upon the shareholder's particular situation, and some shareholders, including individuals who hold options in respect of CBS common stock, insurance companies, tax-exempt organizations, financial institutions or broker-dealers, and persons who are neither citizens nor residents of the United States or that are foreign corporations, foreign partnerships or foreign estates or trusts as to the United States, may be subject to special rules not discussed below. Each CBS shareholder is urged to consult his, her or its own tax advisor as to the particular tax consequences to him, her or it of the merger, including the applicability and effect of any state, local or foreign laws, and of changes in applicable tax laws. Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Merger. The material federal income tax consequences of the merger of CBS directly into Viacom will be as follows and Cravath, Swaine & Moore, counsel to CBS, and Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison, counsel to Viacom, have each rendered an opinion to such effect: (1) The merger will qualify as a reorganization under Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code and each of CBS and Viacom will be a party to that reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the Internal Revenue Code. (2) CBS shareholders will not recognize any income, gain or loss as a result of the receipt of Viacom Class B common stock or Viacom Series C preferred stock, except for any payment received in lieu of fractional shares and to the extent that any payment by Viacom of transfer taxes is treated as taxable consideration received by the CBS shareholders. (3) A CBS shareholder's tax basis for the shares of Viacom Class B common stock or Viacom Series C preferred stock received in the merger, including any fractional share interest for which payment is received, will equal such shareholder's tax basis in the shares of CBS common stock or CBS Series B preferred stock exchanged therefor. (4) A CBS shareholder's holding period for the Viacom Class B common stock or Viacom Series C preferred stock received in the merger will include the period during which the shares of CBS common stock or CBS Series B preferred stock exchanged therefor were held. Neither Viacom nor CBS has requested or will request an advance ruling from the Internal Revenue Service as to whether the merger qualifies as a reorganization under Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code. An opinion of counsel is not binding on the Internal Revenue Service or the courts. 71 Further, the opinions of Cravath, Swaine & Moore and Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison referred to above are based on, among other things, current law and representations as to factual matters made by, among others, CBS and Viacom. Any change in current law, which may or may not be retroactive, or failure of any such factual representations to be true, correct and complete in all material respects would jeopardize the conclusions reached by counsel in their opinions. Neither CBS nor Viacom is currently aware of any facts or circumstances that would cause any representations made by it to Cravath, Swaine & Moore and Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison to be untrue or incorrect in any material respect. Viacom and CBS have requested a private letter ruling from the Internal Revenue Service that a merger of CBS into Viacom/CBS LLC will be viewed, for purposes of determining qualification under Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, as a merger of CBS into Viacom. If the transaction is consummated as a merger of CBS into Viacom/CBS LLC, similar opinions to those described above will be provided. Payment received by a CBS shareholder in lieu of a fractional share interest of Viacom Class B common stock or Viacom Series C preferred stock will be treated as having been received in exchange for the fractional share interest of Viacom Class B common stock or Viacom Series C preferred stock that the shareholder would otherwise have been entitled to receive. This receipt of this payment will result in gain or loss measured by the difference between the tax basis allocable to the fractional share interest and the amount of payment received. The gain or loss will be capital gain or loss to the shareholder. Viacom and CBS do not believe that any significant transfer taxes will be payable as a consequence of the merger. Viacom's payment of any transfer taxes that, to the knowledge of Viacom and CBS, may be payable as a consequence of the merger should not be treated as taxable consideration received by CBS shareholders in the merger. If the payment of any such taxes were treated as taxable consideration, the CBS shareholders would recognize income or gain in an amount not in excess of the amount of such taxable consideration. Viacom's obligation to complete the merger is conditioned upon, among other things, its receipt of an opinion from Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison that the merger will be treated as a reorganization under Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code and that Viacom and CBS will each be a party to the reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the Internal Revenue Code. The obligation of CBS to complete the merger is conditioned upon, among other things, CBS's receipt of an opinion from Cravath, Swaine & Moore that the merger will be treated as a reorganization under Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code and that Viacom and CBS will each be a party to the reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the Internal Revenue Code. These opinions of counsel will be based in part upon representations, made as of the effective time of the merger, by Viacom and CBS, which each counsel will assume to be true, correct and complete. If the representations are inaccurate, the opinions of counsel could be adversely affected. Backup Withholding. Under the backup withholding rules, a holder of CBS common stock or CBS Series B preferred stock may be subject to backup withholding at the rate of 31% with respect to payment received in exchange for the fractional share interest unless the shareholder: . is a corporation or comes within other exempt categories and, when required, demonstrates this fact or . provides a taxpayer identification number and certifies that the taxpayer identification number is correct and the taxpayer is not subject to backup withholding for specified reasons, and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules. Any amount withheld under these rules will be credited against the shareholder's federal income tax liability. Reporting Requirements. CBS shareholders will be required to attach a statement to their tax returns for the taxable year in which the merger is completed that contains the information set forth in Treasury Regulation 1.368- 3(b) of the Department of Treasury regulations. The statement must include the tax basis in the CBS common stock or CBS Series B preferred stock surrendered and a description of the Viacom Class B common stock or Viacom Series C preferred stock received in the merger. 72 Merger Consideration At the effective time of the merger, each outstanding share of CBS common stock will be converted into the right to receive 1.085 fully paid and nonassessable shares of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock and each outstanding share of CBS Series B preferred stock will be converted into the right to receive 1.085 fully paid and non-assessable shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock, except that a payment will be made in lieu of fractional shares as described below. Any shares of CBS common stock or CBS Series B preferred stock held by any direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Viacom or CBS will be included in the exchange, but any shares of CBS common stock or CBS Series B preferred stock held by Viacom or CBS will not be included, as described in the next paragraph. As of the effective time of the merger, all shares of CBS common stock and CBS Series B preferred stock will no longer be outstanding, will automatically be cancelled and will cease to exist, and each holder of a certificate representing any shares of CBS common stock or CBS Series B preferred stock will cease to have any rights other than the right to receive the merger consideration. The exchange ratio was determined through arm's-length negotiations between CBS and Viacom. As of the effective time of the merger, any shares of CBS common stock and CBS Series B preferred stock owned immediately prior to the effective time of the merger by Viacom or CBS, excluding any shares held by any direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Viacom or CBS, will be cancelled and retired and will cease to exist and no consideration will be delivered in exchange for these shares. Conversion of Shares; Procedures for Exchange of Certificates; Fractional Shares The conversion of CBS common stock into the right to receive Viacom non- voting Class B common stock, CBS Series B preferred stock into the right to receive Viacom Series C preferred stock and, in both cases, the right to receive payment instead of fractional shares will occur automatically at the effective time of the merger. As soon as practicable after the effective time of the merger, a bank or trust company designated by Viacom and reasonably acceptable to CBS, in its capacity as exchange agent, will send a transmittal letter to each former CBS shareholder. The transmittal letter will contain instructions on how to obtain shares of Viacom Class B common stock in exchange for shares of CBS common stock and shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock in exchange for shares of CBS Series B preferred stock. CBS shareholders should not send in their stock certificates until they receive the transmittal letter and accompanying materials from the exchange agent. In the event of a transfer of ownership of CBS common stock or CBS Series B preferred stock which is not registered in the records of CBS' transfer agent, a certificate representing the proper number of shares of Viacom Class B common stock or CBS Series B preferred stock, as appropriate, may be issued to a person other than the person in whose name the certificate surrendered is registered if the certificate is properly endorsed or otherwise is in proper form for transfer and the person requesting the issuance pays any required transfer or other taxes required by reason of the issuance of shares of Viacom Class B common stock or CBS Series B preferred stock to a person other than the registered holder of the certificate or establishes to the satisfaction of Viacom that the taxes have been paid or are not applicable. All shares of Viacom Class B common stock issued upon conversion of shares of CBS common stock and shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock issued upon conversion of shares of CBS Series B preferred stock, together with any payment in lieu of fractional shares of Viacom Class B common stock or Viacom Series C preferred stock, will be deemed to have been issued and paid in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to the shares of CBS common stock or preferred stock, subject to Viacom's obligation to pay any dividends or make any other distributions with a record date after the effective time of the merger that may have been declared or made by Viacom on shares of Viacom Class B common stock or Viacom Series C preferred stock after the effective time of the merger and which remain unpaid prior to the issuance of Viacom Class B common stock in exchange for CBS common stock or Viacom Series C preferred stock in exchange for CBS Series B preferred stock. 73 No fractional shares of Viacom Class B common stock will be issued to any CBS shareholder upon surrender of certificates previously representing CBS common stock. For each fractional share of Viacom Class B common stock that would otherwise be issued, Viacom, through the exchange agent, will pay to CBS shareholders an amount equal to the product obtained by multiplying the fractional share interest to which the shareholder would otherwise be entitled by the 4:00 p.m. closing price for a share of Viacom Class B common stock as reported in The Wall Street Journal (Northeast edition), or, if there is no such report in The Wall Street Journal, any other authoritative source, on the first trading day immediately following the effective time of the merger. No fractional shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock will be issued to any CBS shareholder upon surrender of certificates previously representing CBS Series B preferred stock. For each fractional share of Viacom Series C preferred stock that would otherwise be issued, Viacom, through the exchange agent, will pay to CBS shareholders an amount equal to the product of 1,000 and the closing price referred to in the preceding paragraph. Litigation In September 1999, three purported shareholder class action lawsuits were filed against CBS and the members of the CBS Board of Directors; one in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York, and two in the Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas. In the lawsuits, plaintiffs allege that the defendants have breached their fiduciary duties by entering into the merger agreement. The complaints seek an order declaring that defendants breached their fiduciary duties and requiring defendants to take steps to increase the short-term value of CBS stock through an active auction for control of CBS and other means; compensatory damages in an unspecified amount; costs and expenses; and such other relief as the courts may deem just and proper. CBS believes that the lawsuits are without merit and plans to defend vigorously against them. Effective Time of the Merger The effective time of the merger will be the time of the filing of the certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or any later time as is agreed upon by Viacom and CBS and specified in the certificate of merger. Federal Securities Laws Consequences The Viacom Class B common stock and the Viacom Series C preferred stock to be issued pursuant to the merger agreement will not be subject to any restrictions on transfer arising under the Securities Act of 1933, except for shares issued to any CBS shareholder who may be deemed to be an "affiliate" of CBS or Viacom for purposes of Rule 145 under the Securities Act. It is expected that each affiliate will enter into an agreement with Viacom providing that the affiliate will not transfer any Viacom Class B common stock or Viacom Series C preferred stock received in the merger except in compliance with the resale provisions of Rules 144 or 145 under the Securities Act or as otherwise permitted under the Securities Act. The merger agreement requires CBS to use reasonable best efforts to cause its affiliates to enter into these agreements, and CBS has represented and warranted that it has advised its affiliates of the resale restrictions imposed by applicable securities laws. This joint proxy statement/prospectus does not cover resales of Viacom Class B common stock or Viacom Series C preferred stock received by any person upon consummation of the merger, and no person is authorized to make any use of this joint proxy statement/prospectus in connection with any resale. Stock Exchange Quotation It is a condition to the consummation of the merger that the shares of Viacom Class B common stock to be issued pursuant to the merger agreement and into which the Viacom Series C preferred stock is convertible be authorized for listing on the New York Stock Exchange, subject to official notice of issuance. Viacom will file a listing application with the New York Stock Exchange. 74 The Viacom Series C preferred stock will not be listed on an exchange. Dissenters' Rights of Appraisal Holders of CBS common stock and CBS Series B preferred stock are not entitled to dissenters' rights of appraisal in connection with the merger. Holders of Viacom Class A common stock and Viacom Class B common stock are not entitled to dissenters' rights of appraisal as a result of the merger. Delisting and Deregistration of CBS Common Stock If the merger is consummated, the shares of CBS common stock will be delisted from the NYSE, the Boston Stock Exchange, the Chicago Stock Exchange, the Pacific Exchange and the Philadelphia Stock Exchange and will be deregistered under the Exchange Act. 75 THE MERGER AGREEMENT AND RELATED AGREEMENTS The Merger Agreement At the effective time of the merger, either CBS will merge with and into Viacom or CBS will merge with and into Viacom/CBS LLC. The merger of CBS into Viacom/CBS LLC will occur only if (1) guidance is received from the IRS, the United States Department of Treasury or other appropriate governmental authority and if the merger would not have an adverse tax effect to Viacom, CBS or their shareholders, as a result of which, if the merger were structured as a merger of CBS with and into Viacom/CBS LLC, each of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison and Cravath, Swaine & Moore continues to be able to deliver its opinion that the exchange of CBS common stock for Viacom Class B common stock and the exchange of CBS Series B preferred stock for Viacom Series C preferred stock will be tax-free for federal income tax purposes, and (2) the merger would not have an adverse tax effect to Viacom, CBS or their shareholders. Effective Time and Closing of the Merger The closing of the merger will take place on the first business day after the satisfaction or, if permissible, waiver of the conditions to closing set forth in the merger agreement. On the closing date, the merger will be consummated by filing (1) a certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and (2) articles of merger with the Department of State of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The effective time of the merger will be the filing of the certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, or any later time as may be agreed by the parties and specified in the certificate of merger. Conversion of Securities At the effective time of the merger, each share of CBS Series B preferred stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the merger, including any shares owned by any direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Viacom or CBS but excluding any shares held in the treasury of CBS or owned by Viacom immediately prior to the effective time of the merger, other than shares held by benefit plans or trusts, including Rabbi trusts, will be converted into the right to receive 1.085 shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock and each share of CBS common stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the merger, including any shares owned by any direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Viacom or CBS but excluding any shares to be cancelled pursuant to the following sentence, will be converted into the right to receive 1.085 shares of Viacom Class B common stock. At the effective time of the merger, each share held in the treasury of CBS and each share owned by Viacom immediately prior to the effective time of the merger will be cancelled and extinguished and no payment will be made for those shares. After the effective time of the merger, each certificate that previously represented shares of CBS common stock will represent only the right to receive Viacom Class B common stock into which the shares of CBS common stock are converted in the merger and payment instead of fractional shares of Viacom Class B common stock and each certificate that previously represented shares of CBS Series B preferred stock will represent only the right to receive Viacom Series C preferred stock into which the shares of CBS Series B preferred stock are converted in the merger and payment instead of fractional shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock. As soon as practicable after the effective time of the merger, a bank or trust company designated by Viacom and acceptable to CBS, in its capacity as exchange agent, will send a transmittal letter to each former CBS shareholder. The transmittal letter will contain instructions on how to obtain shares of Viacom Class B common stock in exchange for shares of CBS common stock and shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock in exchange for shares of CBS Series B preferred stock. CBS shareholders should not send in their stock certificates until they receive the transmittal materials from the exchange agent. Viacom's Proposed New Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws give effect to the governance arrangements agreed between Viacom and CBS. You can find more information on the governance arrangements in the sections titled "The Merger--Directors, Management and Corporate Governance of the Combined Company" and "Adoption of New Restated Certificate of Incorporation." 76 Representations and Warranties of Viacom and CBS Viacom and CBS made mutual customary representations and warranties in the merger agreement regarding the following: . corporate organization and qualification to do business of each of the companies and their subsidiaries; . validity and effectiveness of charters and by-laws; . capitalization of the companies; . authority to enter into the merger agreement; . absence of conflicts between the merger agreement and the merger, on the one hand, and other contractual and legal obligations of the companies, on the other hand; . requirement of consents, approvals, filings or other authorizations to enter into the merger agreement and consummate the merger; . possession and effectiveness of all permits and licenses and contracts necessary to carry on business as currently conducted; . absence of material non-competition agreements; . operation of business in material compliance with permits, licenses and applicable laws; . compliance with all applicable SEC filing requirements and accuracy and completeness of SEC filings; . financial statements contained in SEC filings; . absence of changes or events since December 31, 1998; . litigation; . employee benefit plans; . labor matters; . environmental matters; . intellectual property; . tax matters; . Year 2000 compliance; . opinion of financial advisors; . shareholder vote required to adopt the merger agreement; . use of brokers; . inapplicability of state anti-takeover provisions; . in the case of CBS, that neither the merger agreement nor the merger would give rise to the exercise or issuance of rights under its shareholders' rights plan; . in the case of CBS, Gaylord Entertainment Company's agreement and proxy to vote in favor of the merger; and . in the case of Viacom, Viacom/CBS LLC has engaged in no business activities and no election has been made to treat Viacom/CBS LLC as a taxable entity. None of the representations and warranties made in the merger agreement survive the closing of the merger. 77 No Solicitation Provision CBS has agreed not to, directly or indirectly, through any officer, director, agent or otherwise, initiate, solicit or knowingly encourage, or take any other action knowingly to facilitate, any inquiries or the making of any proposal that constitutes, or may reasonably be expected to lead to, any "competing transaction," which is defined in the merger agreement as any transaction, other than the merger, that would result in a third party or its shareholders acquiring more than 35% of the voting power of the CBS common stock then outstanding or more than 35% of the assets of CBS and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or enter into or maintain or continue discussions or negotiate with any person in furtherance of any related inquiries or to obtain a competing transaction, or agree to or endorse any competing transaction, or authorize any of the officers, directors or employees of CBS or any agent or representative of CBS to take any such action. CBS has agreed to notify Viacom as promptly as practicable of all the relevant material details relating to all inquiries and proposals that CBS, or any officer, director, employee, agent or representative, may receive relating to any of the foregoing matters. Notwithstanding the foregoing, prior to the adoption of the merger agreement by the shareholders of CBS, the Board of Directors of CBS is not prohibited from: (1) furnishing information to, or entering into and engaging in discussions or negotiations with, any person that makes a bona fide unsolicited written proposal that the Board of Directors of CBS determines in good faith, after consultation with CBS' financial advisors and independent legal counsel, can be reasonably expected to result in a "superior proposal," which is defined in the merger agreement as any proposal that would result in a third party acquiring, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the voting power of the outstanding CBS common stock or all or substantially all the assets of CBS and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, for consideration which the Board of Directors of CBS determines in its good faith judgment to be more favorable to CBS' shareholders than the merger with Viacom, provided that CBS must notify Viacom of its intention to provide information to, or enter into negotiations with, a third party concerning a superior proposal, keep Viacom informed of the status and material terms of any superior proposal and enter into a confidentiality agreement with the third party on customary terms; (2) complying with its disclosure and other obligations under applicable laws; or (3) failing to make or withdrawing or modifying its recommendation to shareholders regarding adoption of the merger agreement following the making of a superior proposal if the Board of Directors of CBS, after consultation with and based upon advice of independent legal counsel, determines in good faith that the action is necessary for the Board of Directors of CBS to comply with its fiduciary duties under applicable law. Mutual Covenants of Viacom and CBS Viacom and CBS have agreed as follows: . each company will cooperate to file the SEC documents necessary to complete the merger; . Viacom will solicit consents and CBS will call and hold a shareholder's meeting to vote upon the adoption of the merger agreement and, in the case of Viacom, the adoption of the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation and the issuance of Viacom Class B common stock and Viacom Series C preferred stock in connection with the merger; . Viacom will solicit consents and CBS will solicit proxies in favor of the adoption of the merger agreement and, in the case of Viacom, the adoption of the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation and the issuance of Viacom Class B common stock and Viacom Series C preferred stock in connection with the merger, unless it determines, after receiving advice from independent legal counsel, that failure to do so is required in order for its directors to comply with their fiduciary duties under applicable law; . each company will promptly make all governmental filings necessary to consummate the merger and otherwise use best efforts to consummate the merger, including, if necessary, committing to or effecting 78 the disposition of those of its assets or businesses as are required to be divested in order to obtain the consent of the FCC or to avoid or cause to be removed any other legal impediment that would otherwise prevent or materially delay the consummation of the merger; . each party will use reasonable best efforts to obtain any third party consents necessary, proper or advisable to consummate the merger; . each company will continue to allow the other company reasonable access to its corporate records; . Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws following the merger will contain the indemnification provisions in favor of officers and directors that are contained in Viacom's current Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws; . subject to dollar limitations, for six years following the merger the combined company will maintain directors' and officers' liability insurance covering those persons who are currently covered by CBS' directors' and officers' liability insurance policy on terms comparable to CBS' existing coverage; . each company will promptly notify the other company of any event that would likely cause any representation or warranty to be untrue or inaccurate or any covenant or condition not to be complied with or satisfied, or of any failure to comply with or satisfy any covenant or condition; . neither company will take any action that would undermine the qualification of the merger as a tax-free reorganization under Section 368 of the Internal Revenue Code; . Viacom will promptly prepare and submit an application to the New York Stock Exchange for the listing of the new shares of Viacom Class B common stock; . the companies will consult with each other regarding any public announcements they make concerning the merger; . the Viacom Board of Directors will take all necessary action to increase the number of Board members to eighteen and to cause to be appointed eight designees of CBS; . CBS will take the necessary action to render its shareholders' rights agreement inapplicable to the merger agreement and the merger; . Viacom will assume the debt and other liabilities and obligations of CBS; . CBS will notify Viacom of all persons that may be deemed affiliates of CBS under Rule 145 of the Securities Act, and CBS will use its reasonable best efforts to obtain from each affiliate a letter in which the affiliate agrees to comply with the resale restrictions of Rules 144 and 145 under the Securities Act following the merger; . Viacom will take measures to give continuing employees credit under Viacom's benefit plans for prior service with CBS; . both companies may establish retention and severance agreements consistent with terms and conditions set forth in the merger agreement; . CBS will exercise its rights under the Gaylord proxy to vote in favor of the merger; . CBS will not take any action which would cause Viacom to be in violation of the tax matters agreement between CBS and Gaylord; and . Viacom will cause Viacom/CBS LLC to perform its obligations under the merger agreement. Conduct of Business Prior to the Closing Viacom and CBS have each agreed that, subject to exceptions, between the execution of the merger agreement and the effective time of the merger, each company and its respective subsidiaries will: . conduct their businesses in the ordinary course of business and in a manner consistent with past practice; 79 . use their reasonable best efforts to preserve substantially intact their business organizations and to keep available the services of their current officers, employees and consultants; and . use their reasonable best efforts to preserve their current relationships with customers, distributors, dealers, suppliers and other persons that have significant business relations with the companies. Viacom and CBS have also agreed that subject to exceptions, prior to the effective time of the merger, without the prior written agreement of the other party, they and their subsidiaries will not: . amend or otherwise change their charters or by-laws in a manner that would have a material adverse effect; . with respect to CBS and its subsidiaries, issue, sell or otherwise dispose of equity securities, except for: --the issuance of common stock upon the exercise of outstanding options and the conversion of CBS Series B preferred stock, --the issuance of common stock in connection with pending transactions, --the grant of options to purchase up to 22,200,000 shares of CBS common stock and --the grant of options to purchase up to 12,500,000 shares of Infinity Broadcasting Corporation; . with respect to Viacom and its subsidiaries, issue, sell or otherwise dispose of equity securities, except for: --the issuance of common stock upon the exercise of outstanding options and --the grant of options to purchase up to 6,000,000 shares of Viacom Class B common stock; . sell, encumber or otherwise dispose of any assets material to the respective companies and their subsidiaries, taken as a whole, other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; . declare, make or pay any dividend or other distribution other than: --intercompany cash dividends, --in the case of CBS and its subsidiaries, dividends made or paid by Infinity not to exceed $500,000,000 and --in the case of Viacom and its subsidiaries, dividends made or paid by Blockbuster not to exceed $50,000,000; . reclassify, combine, split, subdivide or redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire, directly or indirectly, any of their or their subsidiaries' capital stock; . except in connection with acquisitions that individually do not exceed $200,000,000 and in the aggregate do not exceed $1,000,000,000 and except, in the case of CBS and its subsidiaries, in connection with pending transactions: --acquire or otherwise invest in other companies or business organizations or --incur any indebtedness other than in the ordinary course of business and other than in connection with refinancings; . enter into or amend any material contract, agreement or transaction that would not be in the ordinary course of business and that would be reasonably likely to prevent or materially delay the consummation of the merger; . authorize any capital expenditures which are in the aggregate in excess of the amounts currently budgeted for fiscal year 1999 and, with respect to fiscal year 2000, 10% in excess of the 1999 amount, in each case for the respective companies and their subsidiaries taken as a whole; 80 . increase compensation to executive officers or employees, except in accordance with retention or severance arrangements generally agreed to between the parties or as required by law or any existing agreement and except for increases in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; . grant any severance or termination pay to, or enter into, extend or amend any employment or severance agreement with, any director or executive officer or establish, enter into or amend any plan, agreement, trust, fund, policy or arrangement for the benefit of any director, executive officer or employee, except to grant any severance or termination pay or to enter into, extend or amend any employment or severance agreements in the ordinary course of business in accordance with past practice with any current or new employee other than a director or officer of the parent company, subject to an agreed upon retention bonus cap; . materially change their accounting practices; . make any tax election that, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect, or settle or compromise any material tax liability; . enter into any contract, agreement, lease, license, permit, franchise or other instrument or obligation which, if in existence and known prior to the execution of the merger agreement, would have conflicted with the entrance into and performance of the merger agreement in a manner that would give rise to a material adverse effect; and . CBS may not amend or modify the terms of the CBS Series B preferred stock without Viacom's written consent. Notwithstanding any of the foregoing: . CBS is not restricted from taking actions in connection with the consummation of the pending acquisition of Outdoor Systems on terms previously agreed to or, unless Viacom has consented, on other terms that would not be reasonably likely to have an impact that is both material and detrimental to CBS and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole; . Viacom is not restricted from consummating an exchange offer of Blockbuster shares owned by Viacom for shares of Viacom common stock owned by the shareholders of Viacom in accordance with procedures agreed upon between Viacom and CBS; . neither Infinity nor Blockbuster is restricted from taking any action that would otherwise violate any of the restrictions on conduct of business prior to the effective time of the merger if its Board of Directors determines that the action is required to be taken in the exercise of the Board's fiduciary duties; and . Viacom may solicit consents from its shareholders to approve the proposals described in this joint proxy statement/prospectus in lieu of holding a special meeting and soliciting proxies. Stock Options and Employee Benefit Plans Stock Options and Other Stock Plans Each outstanding unexpired and unexercised option or warrant to purchase shares of common stock of CBS will be automatically converted at the effective time of the merger into an option or warrant to purchase shares of Viacom Class B common stock, in a number determined by multiplying the number of shares of CBS common stock that could have been purchased under the CBS option or warrant by the exchange ratio of 1.085. The exercise price of these options will equal the per-share exercise price of the corresponding CBS option or warrant divided by the exchange ratio. The substitute options or warrants will be subject to the same terms and 81 conditions as the corresponding CBS options or warrants and the vesting of the options or warrants will accelerate on account of the merger to the extent provided in the applicable option or warrant. After the effective time of the merger: . all references to CBS in CBS' equity based compensation plans and agreements will be deemed to refer to Viacom; and . Viacom will assume all of CBS' obligations with respect to the substitute options and warrants. Viacom will issue to each CBS option or warrant holder a document evidencing its assumption of the options and warrants. Viacom has agreed to file a Form S- 8 or other appropriate registration statement covering the shares of Viacom Class B common stock underlying the assumed options and warrants no later than one business day after the effective time of the merger and to keep the registration statement current. Other Employee Arrangements Viacom will recognize service with CBS under Viacom's employee benefit plans, except where the crediting would result in duplication of benefits, and will honor all personal and sick days accrued by CBS employees who continue employment with Viacom after the effective time of the merger. Viacom may pay up to a total of $30 million to its employees as retention bonuses, payable on or after the effective time of the merger. Viacom has also established severance arrangements for its corporate staff, including the executive severance plans described in the section captioned "Interests of Persons in the Merger--Senior Management Arrangements--Viacom--Executive Severance Plans." CBS may also establish similar retention, severance and compensation arrangements as long as the total cost of those arrangements is not materially greater than the cost of Viacom's arrangements. Conditions to Closing The obligations of Viacom and CBS to consummate the merger are subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the following conditions: . Viacom shareholders approve: --the adoption of the merger agreement if CBS merges into Viacom; --the adoption of the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation and the issuance of Viacom Class B common stock and Viacom Series C preferred stock in connection with the merger, if CBS merges into Viacom/CBS LLC; . expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under the HSR Act; . no governmental authority or court having entered an order or taken other legal action making the merger illegal or otherwise prohibiting its consummation; . the SEC having declared the Viacom registration statement, of which this joint proxy statement/prospectus forms a part, effective and there existing no stop order or other action to suspend the effectiveness of the registration statement; . the making by both companies of all required filings and notices, and the receipt by both companies of all required governmental consents, approvals or other authorizations, other than those which, if not obtained, would not have a material adverse effect, at or after the effective time of the merger, on the business, results of operations or financial condition of CBS, Viacom and their subsidiaries, collectively taken as a whole; . authorization for listing on the New York Stock Exchange of the shares of Viacom Class B common stock to be issued to CBS shareholders and upon conversion of the CBS Series B preferred stock, subject to official notice of issuance; 82 . the continued truthfulness and accuracy of the representations and warranties, except where the failure to be true or correct would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect, and the performance or compliance in all material respects with all material agreements, and receipt from the other party of a certificate of an officer certifying to the foregoing; and . each company having received an opinion from its tax counsel that the merger will qualify as a tax-free reorganization under Section 368 of the Internal Revenue Code. Termination and Termination Fees The merger agreement may be terminated and the merger abandoned at any time prior to the closing date: . by mutual written consent of Viacom and CBS; . by either company if the transaction is not completed on or prior to August 31, 2000; . by CBS upon written notice to Viacom of the existence of a competing proposal for the acquisition of more than 50% of the voting power of CBS or all or substantially all of the assets of CBS and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, for consideration which CBS' Board of Directors determines in its good faith judgment to be more favorable to CBS shareholders than the merger, provided, however, that termination pursuant to this provision will not be effective until Viacom has had two days within which to match the competing proposal and until CBS pays the termination fee described below; . by either company if CBS does not receive the required shareholder approval; . by either company upon the other company's breach of a representation, warranty, covenant or agreement, or if any representation or warranty becomes untrue, in either case so that the seventh condition to closing set forth above cannot be satisfied on or before August 31, 2000; or . by either company if a governmental authority has taken any final and non-appealable action prohibiting the consummation of the merger. If CBS terminates the merger agreement in accordance with the provision set forth in the third bullet point above, CBS is required to pay Viacom a termination fee of $1 billion. CBS is also required to pay Viacom a $1 billion termination fee if all of the following occur: . either company terminates the merger agreement as a result of the CBS shareholders failing to adopt the merger agreement; . a competing proposal for the acquisition of more than 50% of the voting power or assets of CBS has been made public at or prior to the time of the failure to adopt the merger agreement; and . within 12 months after termination, CBS consummates, or enters into a binding agreement with respect to, a competing proposal. The Voting Agreements Simultaneously with the execution of the merger agreement, National Amusements, which is controlled by Mr. Redstone and which holds approximately 68% of the voting power of Viacom, entered into a voting agreement with CBS in which it has agreed to vote all of its shares of Viacom Class A common stock in favor of the adoption of the merger agreement and against any proposals in opposition to the merger agreement. National Amusements has also agreed in the voting agreement not to transfer ownership of any of its shares of Viacom Class A common stock unless the transferee unconditionally agrees in writing to be bound by the voting agreement. The voting agreement terminates upon the earlier of the termination of the merger agreement or the effective time of the merger. National Amusements has also entered into a Voting Agreement with Viacom pursuant to which it has agreed to approve the amendment to the Viacom incentive plan. 83 The Stockholder Agreement Simultaneously with the execution of the merger agreement, National Amusements also entered into a stockholder agreement with CBS, pursuant to which National Amusements has agreed, for a period of three years following the merger, to support the governance arrangements agreed to between Viacom and CBS. Among other things, National Amusements has agreed to: . cause to be nominated and elected to the Viacom Board eight directors designated by CBS or by the CBS designees, so that there are eight CBS directors on the Viacom Board at all times; . take all action necessary to ensure that any vacancy in a CBS directorship is filled immediately by an independent director designated by a majority of the remaining CBS directors; . take all action necessary to ensure that no CBS director is removed unless the removal is for cause and is approved by at least 14 members of the Viacom Board; . take all action necessary to cause any vacancy in a seat currently held by a Viacom independent director to be filled by an independent director that meets the qualifications stated in the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation; . not take any action to amend, modify or repeal, or adopt provisions or take other actions that would be inconsistent with, the provisions of Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws that relate to the governance structure of Viacom during the three year period following the merger; . not transfer any of its shares of Viacom Class A common stock unless the transferee unconditionally agrees in writing to be bound by the stockholder agreement; and . take all action necessary to ensure that it or its transferees own at all times a majority of the outstanding shares of voting stock of Viacom. 84 INTERESTS OF PERSONS IN THE MERGER--SENIOR MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS In considering the respective recommendations of the Viacom Board and the CBS Board with regard to the merger, you should be aware that, as described below, several members of the respective managements and Boards of Directors of Viacom and CBS may have interests in the merger that are different from, or in addition to, your interests, and that may create potential conflicts of interest. Three executive officers of Viacom are members of the ten-person Viacom Board that approved the merger. Two executive officers of CBS are members of the 11-person CBS Board that approved the merger. Viacom Continuing Board Positions. All ten members of the current Viacom Board are expected to continue as members of the Viacom Board following the effective time of the merger, including Messrs. Redstone, Dauman and Dooley. Employment Agreement with Mr. Redstone. Viacom entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Redstone to serve as its Chairman and CEO following the effective time of the merger. Mr. Redstone will receive an annual base salary of $1 million and an annual bonus, with an established target bonus of $5 million and a maximum bonus of $10 million for calendar year 2000, prorated to reflect the actual number of days that the agreement is in effect during the year 2000. The target and maximum bonus amounts increase by 10% annually through 2003. Mr. Redstone will also receive deferred compensation of $2 million during calendar year 2000, prorated to reflect the number of days the agreement is in effect during the year 2000, thereafter to be increased annually by 10% of his salary and deferred compensation for the preceding year. He will also receive a grant of options to purchase 2,000,000 shares of Viacom Class B common stock, vesting in three equal annual installments. Resignation Agreements. Pursuant to agreements entered into with Viacom on September 6, 1999, Messrs. Dauman and Dooley have agreed to resign from Viacom effective at the effective time of the merger. Messrs. Dauman and Dooley will each continue to serve as Deputy Chairman and Executive Vice President of Viacom until the effective time of the merger and will each receive the following payments: (1) as soon as practicable after their resignations: . a one-time cash payment equal to the amount that would have been payable under their current employment agreements through their original terms, or December 31, 2003, . payouts of all deferred compensation accounts and the balance of their accounts under the Viacom Excess Investment Plan, and . a transaction bonus in the amount of $5,000,000; and (2) on the earlier of the effective time of the merger and the date on which Viacom pays 1999 bonuses to its executive officers generally, the greatest of: . 110% of their respective bonuses received for 1998, . amounts which, when added to their salary and deferred compensation payable for 1999, would produce the highest 1999 total cash compensation paid to any other executive officer of Viacom or any of its affiliates, and . an amount the Viacom Board determines is appropriate to compensate each executive for his contribution to Viacom in 1999. Assuming the merger is consummated on January 1, 2000 and the 1999 bonuses are paid at 110%, it is estimated that each of Messrs. Dauman and Dooley will receive aggregate payments under (1) and (2) above (excluding any payouts of deferred compensation accounts and Viacom Excess Investment Plan balances) of approximately $41 million. 85 All equity-based compensation awards previously granted to Messrs. Dauman and Dooley will vest on the effective date of their resignation and each stock option will continue to be exercisable in accordance with its terms until December 31, 2003, subject to their compliance with the provisions of their resignation agreements. Each of Messrs. Dauman and Dooley's unexercised stock options have a value of approximately $114 million, assuming such options were exercised on November 19, 1999 at their applicable exercise price. In addition, Viacom will provide each of Messrs. Dauman and Dooley with an office that is comparable in quality and size to his current office at a location of his choice in midtown Manhattan, subject to Viacom's approval, and a secretary until December 31, 2003, or until he obtains full time employment, if earlier. Messrs. Dauman and Dooley will continue to participate in all savings, retirement, welfare and fringe benefit plans of Viacom, or will receive the cash equivalent of these benefits with an income tax gross up, through December 31, 2003, or, with respect to any welfare benefit, the date on which they become entitled to comparable benefits through a subsequent employer, if earlier. Mr. Dauman will also receive all additional service credit necessary to provide him with 20 years of service under any Viacom plans for which that credit would entitle him to additional benefits. In the event that either executive is terminated by Viacom without "cause," or terminates his own employment for "good reason," as these terms are defined in their respective agreements, prior to the effective time of the merger, that executive will be entitled to all of the payments described above promptly following his termination, except for the $5 million transaction bonus, which will be paid at the effective time of the merger. If the merger agreement is terminated or the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement are abandoned, the Viacom Board will determine in its good faith discretion whether to pay Mr. Dauman and Mr. Dooley all or any part of the $5 million transaction bonus. The agreements provide for a gross-up payment to be made to Messrs. Dauman and Dooley to eliminate the effects of any possible imposition under the Internal Revenue Code of the "golden parachute" excise tax on any payment or benefit they receive under their agreements or otherwise. Messrs. Dauman and Dooley will be bound by restrictive covenants, including a noncompetition covenant that applies for one year following their termination of employment. Executive Severance Plans. Viacom adopted executive severance plans covering its approximately ten Senior Vice Presidents, which includes two Vice Presidents who are treated as Senior Vice Presidents for this purpose, and approximately 66 Vice Presidents that became effective on September 6, 1999 and continue in effect for one year following the effective time of the merger. The benefits provided under the executive severance plans are conditioned on the participant's execution of a release in favor of Viacom and replace the severance benefits provided to participants under their employment agreements with Viacom and any other Viacom severance plan, program, policy or arrangement. Upon a termination of a participant's employment by Viacom without "cause" or by the participant for "good reason," as those terms are defined in the executive severance plans, Viacom will pay each participant a one-time cash payment equal to the sum of any earned, unpaid base salary, automobile allowance, vacation pay and pro-rated bonus through the date of termination and the base salary, target bonus, prorated for partial years, and automobile allowance he would have earned if he had remained employed for two years, in the case of a Vice President, or three years, in the case of a Senior Vice President. These payments will be made assuming increases in base salary and bonus compensation consistent with the participant's existing employment agreement and, after the expiration of such agreement, at an annualized rate consistent with the last regular increase under the agreement. For participants who do not have employment agreements and for participants whose employment agreements did not specify a rate of increase, the salary increase shall be a rate of increase, consistent with the participants' last regular increase prior to September 6, 1999, but not in excess of 8% per year. All equity-based compensation awards previously granted to a participant will vest on the date of his or her involuntary termination, and each stock option will continue to be exercisable in accordance with its terms, for two years, in the case of a Vice President, and three years, in the case of a Senior Vice President, or through the option's original expiration date, if earlier. 86 Additionally, for two years following termination in the case of a Vice President and three years following termination in the case of a Senior Vice President, each participant will be entitled to participate in Viacom's medical, dental and life insurance plans until he or she secures full-time employment that provides him or her with comparable coverage, and will either be provided with car insurance or be reimbursed for his or her car insurance. On the date of termination, participants will be: . credited with two years of additional age and service for Vice Presidents or three years of additional age and service for Senior Vice Presidents for all purposes under all qualified and non-qualified retirement plans of Viacom, and . credited with two years of additional age and service for Vice Presidents or three years of additional age and service for Senior Vice Presidents under Viacom's retiree welfare benefit plans. Any increases in the annual amount credited to the accounts of active employees will apply to the participants. In the case of Senior Vice Presidents only, for a period of one year following their termination, or, if earlier, until the participant secures full-time employment, they will be provided with an office comparable in both quality and size to the office they had prior to their termination, at a location of their choice, subject to Viacom's consent. Viacom will bear the cost of relocating the participant and will provide him or her with a secretary. Each participant will continue to be bound by the non-solicitation, non- disparagement, confidentiality and cooperation with litigation covenants in his existing employment agreement, but the non-competition covenant in each of the existing agreements will be waived by Viacom. The executive severance plans provide for a gross-up payment to be made to the participants to eliminate the effects of the imposition under the Internal Revenue Code of the "golden parachute" excise tax, if any, on any payment or benefit they may receive under the executive severance plans or otherwise. CBS Continuing Board Positions. Eight members of the CBS Board of Directors, to be designated by the CBS Board prior to the effective time of the merger, will become members of the Viacom Board as of the effective time of the merger. One of the eight will be Mr. Karmazin. Stock Options. At November 19, 1999, approximately 9,583,398 shares of CBS common stock were subject to options granted to executive officers and directors under compensatory equity-based plans of CBS. With limited exceptions, all of these outstanding CBS stock options that have not yet become exercisable, other than stock options granted on or after July 28, 1999, will become exercisable as a result of the merger. Restricted Stock. At November 19, 1999, approximately 8,768 shares of CBS common stock had been granted to executive officers and directors in the form of restricted stock awards under compensatory equity plans of CBS and were still subject to restrictions. All restrictions to which these restricted stock awards are subject will lapse and will be deemed earned as a result of the merger. Employment Agreement with Mr. Karmazin. In contemplation of the merger, Viacom entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Karmazin that becomes effective only upon the consummation of the merger, except for a stock "lock- up" provision described below, which became effective upon the signing of the employment agreement, and continues through December 31, 2003. Pursuant to the agreement, Mr. Karmazin will serve as the President and COO of Viacom. Mr. Karmazin will receive an annual base salary of $1 million and an annual bonus, with an established target bonus of $5 million and a maximum bonus of $10 million for calendar year 2000, prorated to reflect the 87 actual number of days that the agreement is in effect during the year 2000, which target and maximum amounts will increase by 10% annually. Mr. Karmazin will also receive deferred compensation of $2 million during calendar year 2000, prorated to reflect the number of days that the agreement is in effect during the year 2000, thereafter to be increased annually during the remainder of his employment in an amount equal to 10% of his salary and deferred compensation for the preceding year. The agreement provides for a grant of options to purchase 2,000,000 shares of Viacom Class B common stock, vesting in three equal annual installments. During his employment term, Mr. Karmazin will be provided with $5 million of life insurance. Mr. Karmazin will also be entitled to a gross-up for any "golden parachute" excise tax that may be imposed on him under the Internal Revenue Code as a result of any payment or benefit he receives under his agreement or otherwise. The agreement provides that Mr. Karmazin will not, except in limited circumstances, sell or otherwise dispose of his shares of CBS common stock, or, following the merger, Viacom stock for the period beginning September 6, 1999, the date the agreement was signed, and ending three years after the effective time of the merger. In the event of a termination of Mr. Karmazin's employment without "cause" or his voluntary resignation for "good reason," as such terms are defined in his employment agreement, during the employment term Mr. Karmazin will be entitled to receive salary, bonus, deferred compensation, perquisites, medical and dental coverage, life insurance coverage for the balance of the employment term, a supplemental pension benefit under Viacom's Excess Pension Plan and an office including secretarial assistance for up to six months after his employment terminates. Also upon such termination, Mr. Karmazin's stock options including options that would have vested during the employment term will remain exercisable for six months following the date of termination but not beyond their expiration dates. CBS has the right under the merger agreement to establish retention, severance and compensation arrangements for its officers and employees which are similar to the retention and severance arrangements described above in "Interests of Persons in the Merger--Senior Management Arrangements--Viacom" provided that the aggregate cost of such CBS arrangements does not materially exceed the aggregate cost of Viacom's similar arrangements. At present, CBS has not made any final determination as to the types of arrangements which it may establish or the officers or other employees who will be eligible to participate in such arrangements. 88 THE COMPANIES Viacom's Business Viacom is a diversified entertainment company with operations in six segments: . Networks . Parks . Entertainment . Publishing . Video . Online. Networks Viacom owns and operates advertiser-supported basic cable television program services and premium subscription television program services in the United States and internationally. Viacom's MTV Networks division includes such owned and operated program services as: . MTV: MUSIC TELEVISION in the United States, Europe and Latin America; . NICKELODEON in the United States, Latin America, Scandinavia, Japan and the Commonwealth of Independent States; . NICK AT NITE in the United States; . VH1 Music First in the United States, United Kingdom and Germany; . MTV's spin-off, MTV2 in the United States and Europe; and . TV LAND in the United States. Viacom's MTV Networks division also participates in program services as a joint venturer, including MTV in Asia and Brazil and NICKELODEON in the United Kingdom and Australia. Viacom's Showtime Networks Inc. subsidiary owns and operates SHOWTIME, THE MOVIE CHANNEL(TM), and FLIX(R), and is a joint venture partner in and manager of the SUNDANCE CHANNEL(R). Also, Viacom is a joint venture partner in: . COMEDY CENTRAL(R), an advertiser-supported basic cable program service in the United States; . GULF DTH LDC, a satellite direct-to-home platform offering programming in the Middle East; and . NOGGIN(TM), a subscription-supported, non-commercial children's educational program service, which is distributed by cable and satellite and includes a related online service. Entertainment The principal businesses of Viacom's Entertainment segment are: . PARAMOUNT PICTURES, which produces, acquires and distributes feature- length motion pictures; . PARAMOUNT HOME VIDEO, which distributes motion pictures and television product produced by Paramount and third parties on videocassette and disc in the U.S. and Canada; . PARAMOUNT TELEVISION, VIACOM PRODUCTIONS, SPELLING TELEVISION and BIG TICKET TELEVISION, which produce, acquire and distribute series, miniseries, specials and made-for-television movies primarily for network television, first-run syndication, pay television and basic cable television; 89 . THE PARAMOUNT STATIONS GROUP, which owns and operates 17 television stations and programs two additional stations pursuant to local marketing agreements; . FAMOUS PLAYERS, which owns and operates movie theatres in Canada; and . FAMOUS MUSIC, a music publisher. Additionally, Viacom has joint venture interests in television broadcasting, international motion picture and video distribution and television programming services, including: . UNITED PARAMOUNT NETWORK, in which Viacom is a 50% joint venture partner. Pursuant to current FCC regulations, Viacom may not be permitted to maintain its 50% ownership interest together with ownership of the CBS network; . UNITED INTERNATIONAL PICTURES (UIP); Viacom owns a one-third interest in this venture which distributes Paramount's, Universal's and MGM's motion pictures outside the U.S. and Canada. MGM announced this year that it intends to withdraw from UIP effective October 31, 2000; . UNITED CINEMAS INTERNATIONAL (UCI); Viacom owns a 50% interest in this venture which owns and operates movie theatres in Europe, Latin America and Asia; . CINEMA INTERNATIONAL B.V. (CIBV), in which Viacom currently is a 50% joint venture partner but has agreed to become the sole owner, which distributes Paramount's motion pictures on videocassette and disc outside the U.S. and Canada and acquires and distributes motion pictures and television product produced by third parties; and . Various international television programming services, including the Movie Channel Middle East and the Paramount Comedy Channel in the UK. Video The Company operates the home video and video game rental and retailing business through BLOCKBUSTER INC. As of December 31, 1998, the Company operated or franchised approximately 6,380 stores in the U.S., its territories and 25 other countries. BLOCKBUSTER offers titles primarily for rental and also offers titles for purchase on a "sell-through" and previously viewed basis. During 1998, BLOCKBUSTER implemented revenue-sharing arrangements directly with major motion picture studios, including PARAMOUNT PICTURES, thereby increasing the availability of newly released videos in its domestic stores. In all of its domestic stores and many of its stores outside of the U.S., BLOCKBUSTER rents video games and sells previously played video games. In addition, in several hundred domestic stores and various international markets, BLOCKBUSTER rents and sells digital versatile discs and rents DVD players. Approximately 18% of Blockbluster's common stock was recently sold to the public. Parks Through PARAMOUNT PARKS, Viacom owns and operates five regional theme parks and a themed attraction in the United States and Canada. Each of the theme parks features attractions based on Viacom's intellectual properties. Publishing Through SIMON & SCHUSTER, Viacom publishes and distributes consumer hardcover books, trade paperbacks, mass-market paperbacks, children's books, audiobooks, electronic books and CD-ROM products in the United States and internationally. SIMON & SCHUSTER's flagship imprints include SIMON & SCHUSTER, POCKET BOOKS, SCRIBNER, and THE FREE PRESS. SIMON & SCHUSTER also develops special imprints and publishes titles based on MTV, NICKELODEON and PARAMOUNT PICTURES 90 products. SIMON & SCHUSTER distributes its products directly and through third parties. SIMON & SCHUSTER also delivers content and sells products on Internet Web sites operated by various imprints or linked to individual titles. Online Viacom operates Internet sites which are targeted to the current audiences of its various MTV, VH1 and NICKELODEON program services, including NOGGIN, as well as to new audiences such as those who do not receive cable or direct-to- home satellite services. In addition to providing entertainment and information on such Internet sites, Viacom also sells its own licensed and third party merchandise. CBS' Business CBS is one of the largest radio and television broadcasters in the United States. CBS operates its businesses through its Television, Cable and Infinity segments. The Television segment consists of CBS' 16 owned and operated television stations, which are located in seven of the nation's ten largest markets, and the CBS television network. The CBS television network operations are subdivided into five areas: entertainment; news; sports; enterprises, which produces, distributes and markets first-run and off-network programming; and new media consisting of CBS' Internet businesses. CBS' Cable segment consists of CBS' cable networks, including The Nashville Network, Country Music Television and two regional sports networks and a global provider of satellite services to broadcast, cable and corporate networks. On October 12, 1999, CBS acquired from Gaylord Entertainment Company the broadcast station KTVT-TV Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas. The CBS Series B preferred stock was issued to Gaylord Entertainment Company in connection with this acquisition. Although we believe that, under Pennsylvania law, the holders of CBS Series B preferred stock are not entitled to a separate class or series vote on the adoption of the merger agreement, Gaylord has agreed, in the event the holders of CBS Series B preferred stock are entitled to vote separately as a class or series, to vote the CBS Series B preferred stock in favor of the adoption of the merger agreement, and has given its proxy for this vote to CBS. Any subsequent purchaser of the CBS Series B preferred stock is required to agree, in the event the holders of CBS Series B preferred stock are entitled to vote separately as a class or series, to vote in favor of the adoption of the merger agreement, and to be bound by the proxy given by Gaylord to CBS. Therefore, in the event the holders of CBS Series B preferred stock are entitled to vote separately as a class or series, approval of the adoption of the merger agreement by the holders of the CBS Series B preferred stock is assured. The Infinity segment corresponds to CBS' majority owned subsidiary, Infinity Broadcasting Corporation, which conducts CBS' radio and outdoor advertising businesses. Infinity Broadcasting Corporation owns and operates approximately 160 AM and FM radio stations located in 35 markets. TDI Worldwide, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Infinity, is one of the largest outdoor advertising companies in the United States and sells space on various media, including buses, trains, train platforms and terminals throughout commuter rail systems and on painted billboards and phone kiosks. CBS' Internet businesses, which consist primarily of its operation of the Internet sites CBS.com and Country.com, also include CBS' minority investments in three public companies, SportsLine.com Inc. (NASDAQ: SPLN), which publishes several sports Internet sites, including CBS.SportsLine.com, MarketWatch.com, Inc. (NASDAQ: MKTW), which publishes the Internet site CBS.MarketWatch.com. and Medscape Inc. (NASDAQ: MSCP), which publishes a consumer health Internet site. CBS' other Internet investments include Storerunner, Inc., Office.com, Inc., Switchboard, Inc., ThirdAge Media, Inc., Webvan, Inc., Jobs.com, Inc., Women's Consumer Network LLC, RX.com, Inc. and Wrenchead.com, Inc., as well as its majority interest in the Internet portal operated by iWon, Inc. CBS has also entered into an agreement to acquire an equity interest in Big E Entertainment (NASDAQ: BIGE), which operates Hollywood.com. 91 In addition to the acquisitions listed above, on November 15, 1999, CBS acquired King World Productions, Inc. King World is the distributor of a number of shows, including "The Oprah Winfrey Show," "Wheel of Fortune," "Jeopardy!" and "Hollywood Squares." On May 27, 1999, Infinity entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Outdoor Systems, Inc. Outdoor Systems is a leading outdoor advertising company in North America, operating bulletin, poster, mall and transit advertising display faces in the United States, Canada and Mexico. The consummation of the merger with Outdoor Systems is subject to conditions, including review by antitrust authorities. CBS believes that completion of the Outdoor Systems transaction will occur during November 1999. 92 REGULATORY MATTERS AND THIRD-PARTY APPROVALS Antitrust Viacom and CBS each have filed a Premerger Notification and Report Form for review under the HSR Act with the Federal Trade Commission and the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice. The HSR Act provides for an initial 30 calendar day waiting period following the filing by the parties of the Premerger Notification and Report Forms before the merger may be consummated. Viacom made its filing on September 20, 1999 and CBS made its filing on September 23, 1999. However, the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission continue to have the authority to challenge the merger on antitrust grounds before and after the merger is completed. The HSR Act further provides that if, within the initial 30 calendar day waiting period, the Federal Trade Commission or the Department of Justice issues a request for additional information or documents, the waiting period will be extended until 11:59 p.m. on the twentieth day after the date of substantial compliance by both filing parties with the request. On October 22, 1999, the Antitrust Division issued a request for additional information to the parties. Viacom and CBS conduct operations in a number of foreign countries where regulatory filings or approvals with applicable authorities will be required in connection with the consummation of the merger. At a minimum, premerger notification filings with national antitrust authorities will be required in the following foreign jurisdictions: Brazil, Canada, Germany, Ireland, Japan, The Netherlands and South Africa. A post- closing submission will be required with the antitrust authorities in Austria. The Brazilian antitrust filing was made on September 28, 1999. The Irish antitrust filing was made on October 6, 1999. The required premerger filings with the antitrust authorities in the remaining jurisdictions are expected to be made promptly. Consummation of the merger is conditioned upon, among other things, the absence of any preliminary or permanent injunction or other order issued by any federal or state court of competent jurisdiction which prohibits or restricts the consummation of the merger. Viacom and CBS believe that all material filings and approvals have been made or obtained, or will be made or obtained, as the case may be. Federal Regulation of Television and Radio Broadcasting General. Television and radio broadcasting are subject to the jurisdiction of the Federal Communications Commission under the Communications Act of 1934, most recently amended by the Telecommunications Act of 1996. The Communications Act prohibits the operation of broadcasting stations except under a license issued by the FCC and empowers the FCC, among other actions, to: . issue, renew, revoke and modify broadcasting licenses; . assign frequency bands; . determine stations' frequencies, locations and operating power; . regulate some of the equipment used by stations; . adopt other regulations to carry out the provisions of the Communications Act; . impose penalties for violation of such regulations; and . impose annual fees as well as fees for processing applications and other administrative functions. Under the Communications Act, the FCC also regulates certain aspects of the operation of cable television systems and other electronic media that compete with broadcast stations. The Communications Act prohibits the assignment of a broadcast license or the transfer of control of a licensee without prior approval of the FCC. The merger is subject to such FCC approval of the transfer of control of CBS and its various licensee subsidiaries to Viacom. Because the application for transfer of control of CBS will involve a substantial change in ownership or control, the application must be placed on public notice for a period of no less than 30 days during which time petitions to deny the application may be filed by 93 the public. If the FCC grants the application, interested parties would have 30 days from the date of public notice of the grant to seek reconsideration or review of that grant by the full commission, or as the case may be, a court of competent jurisdiction. The full commission has an additional 10 days to set aside on its own motion any action taken by the FCC's staff, if action on the application were taken in the first instance by the staff of the FCC; if action is taken in the first instance by the full commission, the full commission may set aside its own action within 30 days of public notice of such action. When passing on an assignment or transfer application, the FCC is prohibited from considering whether the public interest might be served by an assignment or transfer to any party other than the assignee or transferee specified in the application. License Renewals. Under the Communications Act, the FCC is authorized to renew broadcast licenses for terms of up to eight years. The Communications Act requires renewal of a broadcast license if the FCC finds that: . the station has served the public interest, convenience and necessity; . there have been no serious violations of either the Communications Act or the FCC's rules and regulations by the licensee; and . there have been no other serious violations that taken together constitute a pattern of abuse. In making its determination, the FCC may consider petitions to deny but cannot consider whether the public interest would be better served by a person other than the renewal applicant. Under the Telecommunications Act, competing applications for the same frequency may be accepted only after the FCC has denied an incumbent's application for renewal of license. Applications for renewal of licenses for one television station owned by CBS and 10 radio stations owned by Infinity are currently pending before the FCC. Petitions to deny were filed against the renewal applications of seven of the radio stations; however, CBS continues to believe that it will receive renewal of these licenses. Ownership Regulation. The Communications Act and FCC rules and regulations also regulate broadcast ownership. The FCC has promulgated rules that, among other matters, limit the ability of individuals and entities to own or have an official position or ownership interest, known as an attributable interest, above a specific level in broadcast stations as well as other specified mass media entities. As detailed below, in August 1999, the FCC substantially revised a number of its multiple ownership and attribution rules. Although these rules became effective November 16, 1999, they may still be stayed, modified or reconsidered in subsequent proceedings. In three separate orders, the FCC revised its rules regarding restrictions on television ownership, radio-television cross-ownership, and attribution of broadcast ownership interests. The three orders, which resolve a number of rulemaking proceedings launched at the beginning of the decade, take into consideration mandates included in the Telecommunications Act, which liberalized the radio ownership rules and directed the FCC to consider similar deregulation for television. The FCC's various broadcast ownership rules, inclusive of the recent revisions, are summarized below: Local Radio Ownership. With respect to radio licenses, the maximum allowable number of stations that can be commonly owned in a market varies depending on the number of radio stations within that market, as determined using a method prescribed by the FCC. In markets with more than 45 stations, one company may own, operate or control up to eight radio stations, with no more than five in either AM or FM. Local Television Ownership. The FCC's new TV duopoly rule permits parties to own two TV stations without regard to signal contour overlap provided they are located in separate markets referred to as designated market areas. In addition, the new rules permit parties in larger designated market areas to own up to two television stations in the same designated market area so long as at least eight independently owned and operating full-power television stations remain in the market at the time of acquisition and at least one of the two stations is not among the top four-ranked stations in the market based on audience share. In addition, without regard to numbers of remaining or independently owned TV stations, the FCC will permit television duopolies within the same designated market area so long as certain signal contours of the stations involved do not overlap. Satellite stations that simply rebroadcast the programming of a "parent" station will continue to be 94 exempt from the duopoly rule if located in the same designated market area as the "parent" station. The duopoly rule also applies to same-market local marketing agreements involving more than 15% of the brokered station's program time, although current local marketing agreements will be exempt from the TV duopoly rule for a limited period of time of either two or five years, depending on the date of the adoption of the local marketing agreement. Further, the FCC may grant a waiver of the TV duopoly rule if one of the two television stations is a "failed" or "failing" station, or the proposed transaction would result in the construction of a new television station. Following consummation of the merger, and exclusive of other acquisitions, the combined company could potentially have duopolies in the following six television markets: Philadelphia, Boston, Dallas, Miami, Detroit, and Pittsburgh. While the combined company will seek to maintain ownership of the television stations in these markets under the new television duopoly rules, there can be no assurance that the combined company will be able to retain two television stations in each of the duopoly markets. It is possible that on November 16, 1999, more than one application was filed relating to stations in these markets, all of which may not be able to be granted because of the requirement that eight independent voices must remain in the market. In such situations, random selection will be employed to determine the order in which the simultaneously filed applications will be processed. National Television Ownership Cap. On the national level, the FCC imposes a 35 percent national audience reach cap for television ownership, under which one party may not have an attributable interest in television stations which reach more than 35 percent of all U.S. television households. The Commission discounts the audience reach of a UHF station for this purpose by 50 percent. The FCC will consider whether to change the national ownership cap and the "UHF discount" as part of the biennial review of its broadcast ownership rules initiated in 1998. Additionally, under the new FCC rules, for entities that have attributable interests in two stations in the same market, the FCC counts the audience reach of that market only once for national cap purposes. The television stations currently held by Viacom and CBS would have an aggregate national audience reach for purposes of the national ownership cap of approximately 41%. As these stations would exceed the FCC's 35% national ownership cap under the merger, it will be necessary, absent legislative or regulatory relief, to divest specific television stations in order to comply with the national ownership cap. In their application for FCC consent to the transfer of control of the CBS broadcast licenses, the companies requested, if necessary, a 24 month period following consummation of the merger to comply with the national television ownership cap. Dual Network Rule. In the Telecommunications Act, Congress directed the FCC to liberalize its rule, which then generally prohibited television stations from affiliating with an entity that maintained more than one national network. The FCC's implementing regulation states that a television broadcast station may not affiliate with an entity that maintains one of the existing four major networks (ABC, CBS, NBC, and Fox) and one of other specific qualifying networks in existence as of February 8, 1996. The legislative history of the dual network rule suggests that the rule was intended to prohibit one of the four major networks from acquiring either of The WB or United Paramount Network. The FCC is reviewing this rule as part of the biennial review. Although the acquisition of an ownership interest in CBS will be reviewed by the FCC under the dual network rule, the FCC regulations do not identify the amount and nature of the ownership interest required to trigger the dual network prohibition. Accordingly, it is possible that, absent either legislative or regulatory relief, the combined company might be required to divest some or all of Viacom's 50% interest in United Paramount Network. As with the national television ownership cap, the companies have requested, if necessary, a 24 month period following consummation of the merger to comply with the dual network rule. Radio-Television Cross Ownership. The so-called "one-to-a-market" rule has until recently prohibited common ownership or control of a radio station, whether AM, FM or both, and a television station in the same market, subject to waivers in some circumstances. The FCC's new radio-television cross-ownership rule embodies a graduated test based on the number of independently owned media voices in the local market. In 95 large markets, i.e., markets with at least 20 independently owned media voices, a single entity can own up to one television station and seven radio stations or, if permissible under the new TV duopoly rule, two television stations and six radio stations. Waivers of the new radio-television cross-ownership rule will be granted only under the failed station test. Unlike under the TV duopoly rule, the FCC will not waive the radio-television cross-ownership rules in situations of failing or unbuilt stations. In accordance with the schedule imposed by the FCC for comments under the proposed FCC rules, by November 16, 1999, licensees with existing conditional waivers of the former one-to-a-market rule had to demonstrate to the FCC their compliance or non-compliance with the new rule. CBS, which has numerous conditional waivers, filed such a showing on November 15, 1999. The FCC's Mass Media Bureau will replace these waivers with permanent approvals as appropriate. Existing conditional waivers which do not comply with the new rule will be extended until the conclusion of the FCC's biennial review in 2004; the same grandfathering relief will be afforded to pending applications for conditional waivers filed on or before July 29, 1999, which are ultimately granted by the Commission. Any application proposing a radio-television combination filed after that date must comply with the new rules. CBS currently holds conditional temporary waivers granted under the prior FCC one-to-a-market rule allowing CBS to operate station combinations of one TV station and up to eight radio stations in numerous markets. These combinations are grandfathered under the new rules. However, the grandfathered status of radio/TV combinations will terminate upon an arrangement or transfer of control. The combined company exceeds radio-television cross-ownership caps and may need to divest up to an aggregate of 12 radio stations in the Los Angeles, Chicago, Dallas, Washington/Baltimore and Sacramento markets. Viacom and CBS have requested a period of six months following consummation of the merger to file applications with the FCC to dispose of all radio stations necessary to come into compliance in each of these markets. Attribution of Ownership. Under the FCC's recently revised attribution rules, a direct or indirect purchaser of various types of securities of the combined company could violate FCC regulations or policies if that purchaser owned or acquired an "attributable" interest in other media properties in the same area as stations owned by the combined company in a manner prohibited by the FCC. Under the FCC's revised rules, an "attributable" interest for purposes of the Commission's broadcast ownership rules generally includes: . equity and debt interests, which combined exceed 33% of a licensee's total assets, if the interest holder supplies more than 15% of total weekly programming, or is a same-market media entity, whether TV, radio, cable or newspaper; . 5% or greater voting stock interest. Note that equity interests up to 49% are nonattributable if the licensee is controlled by a single majority shareholder and the interest holder is not otherwise attributable under the "equity/debt plus" standard; . 20% or greater voting stock interest, if the holder is a qualified passive investor; . any equity interest in a limited liability company or limited partnership, unless properly "insulated" from management activities; and . all officers and directors of a licensee and its direct or indirect parent. Under the new rules, all non-conforming interests acquired before November 7, 1996 are permanently grandfathered and thus do not constitute attributable ownership interests. Any nonconforming interests acquired after that date need to be brought into compliance by August 5, 2000. Alien Ownership. The Communications Act limits the ability of foreign entities or individuals to own or hold interests in broadcast licenses. As applicable to the combined company, non-U.S. citizens, collectively, may directly or indirectly own or vote up to twenty percent of the capital stock of a corporate licensee. In addition, a broadcast license may not be granted to or held by any corporation that is controlled, directly or indirectly, by any other corporation more than one-fourth of whose capital stock is owned or voted by non-U.S. citizens or their representatives, by foreign governments or their representatives, or by non-U.S. corporations, if 96 the FCC finds that the public interest will be served by the refusal or revocation of such license. The FCC has interpreted this provision of the Communications Act to require an affirmative public interest finding before a broadcast license may be granted to or held by any such corporation, and the FCC has made such affirmative findings only in limited circumstances. Other Regulations, Legislation and Recent Developments Affecting Broadcast Stations Digital Television Service. The FCC has taken a number of steps to implement digital television broadcasting service in the United States. The FCC has adopted a digital television table of allotments that provides all authorized television stations with a second channel on which to broadcast a digital television signal. The FCC has attempted to provide digital television coverage areas that are comparable to stations' existing service areas. The FCC has ruled that television broadcast licensees may use their digital channels for a wide variety of services such as high-definition television, multiple channels of standard definition television programming, audio, data, and other types of communications, subject to the requirement that each broadcaster provide at least one free video channel equal in quality to the current technical standard. Digital television channels will generally be located in the range of channels from channel 2 through channel 51. The FCC has required affiliates of ABC, CBS, Fox and NBC in the top 10 television markets to begin digital broadcasting by May 1, 1999. Many stations, including several of the combined company's stations, have already begun digital broadcasting. Affiliates of the four major networks in the top 30 markets were required to begin digital broadcasting by November 1, 1999, and all other commercial broadcasters must do so by May 1, 2002. The FCC's plan calls for the digital television transition period to end in the year 2006, at which time the FCC expects that television broadcasters will cease non-digital broadcasting and return one of their two channels to the government, allowing that spectrum to be recovered for other uses. Under the Balanced Budget Act, however, the FCC is authorized to extend the December 31, 2006 deadline for reclamation of a television station's non-digital channel if, in any given market one or more television stations affiliated with ABC, CBS, NBC or Fox is not broadcasting digitally, and the FCC determines that such stations have "exercised due diligence" in attempting to convert to digital broadcasting; or less than 85% of the television households in the station's market subscribe to a multichannel video service that carries at least one digital channel from each of the local stations in that market, and less than 85% of the television households in the market can receive digital signals off the air using either a set-top converter box for an analog television set or a new digital television set. The FCC is currently considering whether cable television system operators should be required to carry stations' digital television signals in addition to the currently required carriage of stations' analog signals. In July 1998, the FCC issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking posing several different options for the carriage of digital signals and solicited comments from all interested parties. The FCC has yet to issue a decision on this matter. The implementation of digital television will also impose substantial additional costs on television stations because of the need to replace equipment and because some stations will need to operate at higher utility costs and there can be no assurance that our television stations will be able to increase revenue to offset such costs. The FCC is also considering imposing new public interest requirements on television licensees in exchange for their receipt of digital television channels. In addition, the Communications Act allows the FCC to charge a spectrum fee to broadcasters who use the digital spectrum to offer subscription-based services. The FCC has adopted rules that require broadcasters to pay a fee of 5% of gross revenues received from ancillary or supplementary uses of the digital spectrum for which they charge subscription fees, excluding revenues from the sale of commercial time. Neither Viacom nor CBS can predict what future actions the FCC might take with respect to digital television, nor can either company predict the effect of the FCC's present digital television implementation plan or such future actions on the combined company's business. The combined company will incur considerable expense in the conversion to digital television and is unable to predict the extent or timing of consumer demand for any such digital television services. 97 Digital Audio Radio Service and Low-Power FM. The Commission has authorized or is considering various digital audio radio services. In January 1995, the Commission adopted rules to allocate spectrum for satellite digital audio radio services. The Commission has issued two authorizations to launch and operate satellite digital audio radio services. The FCC also has undertaken an inquiry into the terrestrial broadcast of digital audio radio services signals. On November 1, 1999, the FCC issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking on the subject which solicits comments or proposals to implement terrestrial digital audio radio services, including a conversion to in-band on-channel transmissions by existing radio broadcasters. Neither Viacom nor CBS can predict the impact of either satellite or terrestrial digital audio radio services on its business. CBS has a significant ownership interest in USA Digital Radio, Inc., which is developing an in-band on-channel terrestrial digital audio radio services technology. In addition, the FCC recently proposed the creation of a new low-power FM radio service that would operate in the existing FM band. The Commission is in the process of collecting comments on this proposal and at this time neither Viacom nor CBS can predict either the outcome of this proceeding or the impact, if any, that a new low-power FM radio service might have on the combined company's broadcast operations. Internet Federal, state and international laws and regulations either in effect or under consideration that govern interactive or online communications prohibit the transmission of obscene, indecent, or otherwise unlawful communications and impose restrictions on the collection, use, and disclosure of personally identifiable information about both children and adults. Such prohibitions and restrictions could affect the business and operations of the combined company. In addition, some of the businesses operated by CBS and Viacom permit online users to post and access content and to communicate through a web site or comparable vehicle. In some instances, the material posted or communicated by third parties may infringe the copyrights or trademarks of others, be subject to libel, fraud, or other claims, or otherwise be actionable. Although Federal legislation limits the liability of web site operators for copyright infringement and other types of civil claims by users of their systems, the precise contours of these limitations are not yet clear. Similarly, the combined company may face claims of liability by third parties who believe users of the combined company's web sites infringe their interests and there can be no assurance any such liabilities will not have an adverse effect on the combined company's businesses or operations. Some businesses operated by both CBS and Viacom permit users to perform musical works and sound recordings over the Internet. The owners of the copyrights in the performed musical works and the sound recordings may be entitled to receive license fees for some or all of these performances. Further, license fees may need to be paid for the copies of the works that are stored on the combined company's servers to facilitate such performances. Some of these fees have not yet been set, and there can be no assurance that such fees will not have an adverse effect on the combined company's businesses or operations. Proposals for additional or revised statutory or regulatory requirements are considered by Congress, the FTC, the FCC, other Federal agencies, and state and local governments from time to time, and a number of such proposals are under consideration at this time. Moreover, both the FTC and state attorneys general are actively monitoring online offerings in connection with consumer protection concerns. It is possible that some of the provisions and requirements described herein are now, and in the future may be, the subject of Federal or state legislation, agency proceedings or court litigation. It is not possible to predict what legal, legislative, regulatory or judicial changes, if any, may occur or their impact on the combined company's businesses or operations. 98 DESCRIPTION OF VIACOM CAPITAL STOCK FOLLOWING THE MERGER The following summary of the terms of the capital stock of Viacom following the merger may not contain all information that is important to you and we refer you to the full text of Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation, attached to this joint proxy statement/prospectus as Annex B, Viacom's amended By-laws, attached to this joint proxy statement/prospectus as Annex C, the Delaware General Corporation Law and the merger agreement, attached to this joint proxy statement/prospectus as Annex A. This summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to these documents. The authorized capital stock of Viacom consists of 500 million shares of Viacom Class A common stock, three billion shares of Viacom Class B common stock and 200 million shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, issuable in series. Viacom Class A Common Stock As of November 12, 1999, the most recent practicable date prior to the printing of this joint proxy statement/prospectus, there were 139,690,499 shares of Viacom Class A common stock issued and outstanding. Shares of Viacom Class A common stock are not redeemable. Holders of shares of Viacom Class A common stock are entitled to one vote per share. Viacom Class B Common Stock Viacom Class B common stock has rights, privileges, limitations, restrictions and qualifications identical to Viacom Class A common stock except that shares of Viacom Class B common stock have no voting rights other than those required by the Delaware General Corporation Law. As of November 12, 1999, the most recent practicable date prior to the printing of this joint proxy statement/prospectus, there were 605,873,079 shares of Viacom Class B common stock issued and outstanding. Shares of Viacom Class B common stock are not redeemable. Voting and Other Rights of Viacom Common Stock Voting Rights. Under Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation, except as noted below or otherwise required by the Delaware General Corporation Law, holders of the outstanding shares of Viacom Class A common stock vote together with the holders of the outstanding shares of all other classes of capital stock of Viacom entitled to vote, without regard to class. At the present time, however, there are no outstanding shares of any other class of capital stock of Viacom entitled to vote. Under Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation: . each holder of an outstanding share of Viacom Class A common stock is entitled to cast one vote for each share registered in the name of the holder and . the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Viacom Class A common stock is necessary to approve any consolidation or merger of Viacom with or into another corporation pursuant to which shares of Viacom Class A common stock would be converted into or exchanged for any securities or other consideration. A holder of an outstanding share of Viacom Class B common stock is not entitled to vote on any question presented to the shareholders of Viacom, including but not limited to whether to increase or decrease, but not below the number of shares then outstanding, the number of authorized shares of Viacom Class B common stock. However, under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a holder of an outstanding share of Viacom Class B common stock is entitled to vote on any proposed amendment to Viacom's Restated Certificate of Incorporation, if the amendment will increase or decrease the par value of the shares of Viacom Class B common stock, or alter or change the powers, preferences or special rights of the shares of Viacom Class B 99 common stock so as to affect them adversely. Subject to the foregoing, any future change in the number of authorized shares of Viacom Class B common stock or any consolidation or merger of Viacom with or into another corporation pursuant to which shares of Viacom Class B common stock would be converted into or exchanged for any securities or other consideration could be consummated with the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Viacom Class A common stock and without any action by the holders of shares of Viacom Class B common stock. Dividends. Subject to the rights and preferences of any outstanding preferred stock, dividends on Viacom Class A common stock and Viacom Class B common stock are payable equally on shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock out of the funds of Viacom legally available therefor when, as and if declared by the Viacom Board. Rights in Liquidation. In the event Viacom is liquidated, dissolved or wound up, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, the net assets of Viacom would be divided ratably among the holders of the then outstanding shares of Viacom Class A common stock and Viacom Class B common stock after payment or provision for payment of the full preferential amounts to which the holders of any series of preferred stock of Viacom then issued and outstanding would be entitled. Split, Subdivision or Combination. If Viacom splits, subdivides or combines the outstanding shares of Viacom Class A common stock or Viacom Class B common stock, the outstanding shares of the other class of Viacom common stock shall be proportionally split, subdivided or combined in the same manner and on the same basis as the outstanding shares of the other class of Viacom common stock have been split, subdivided or combined. Preemptive Rights. Shares of Viacom Class A common stock and Viacom Class B common stock do not entitle a holder to any preemptive rights enabling a holder to subscribe for or receive shares of stock of any class or any other securities convertible into shares of stock of any class of Viacom. The Viacom Board possesses the power to issue shares of authorized but unissued Viacom Class A common stock and Viacom Class B common stock without further shareholder action, subject to the requirements of applicable law and stock exchanges, unless National Amusements would no longer hold a majority of the outstanding shares of voting stock of Viacom as a result of the issuance. The number of authorized shares of Viacom Class A common stock and Viacom Class B common stock could be increased with the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Viacom Class A common stock and without any action by the holders of shares of Viacom Class B common stock. Trading Market. The outstanding shares of Viacom Class A common stock and Viacom Class B common stock are listed for trading on the NYSE. The Registrar and Transfer Agent for Viacom common stock is The Bank of New York. Alien Ownership. Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that Viacom may prohibit the ownership or voting of a percentage of its equity securities in order to ensure compliance with the requirements of the Communications Act. Viacom Series C Preferred Stock Designation. Series C Preferred Stock, par value $.01. Dividends. If declared by the Viacom Board of Directors, cash dividends are payable in an amount per share equal to 1,000 times the aggregate per share amount of each cash dividend declared or paid on the Viacom Class B common stock. In addition, in the event any dividend or distribution on the shares of Viacom Class B common stock is paid in cash or any debt security or instrument or other property, other than (1) cash dividends subject to the immediately preceding sentence, (2) a distribution of shares of Viacom Class B common stock or other Viacom capital stock or (3) a distribution of rights or warrants to acquire Viacom Class B common stock or other Viacom capital stock, at a price less than the fair market value, then like kind 100 dividends are paid on each share of Viacom Series C preferred stock, in an amount equal to 1,000 times the distribution paid on each share of Viacom Class B common stock. The dividend multiple is subject to adjustment in the event of a stock dividend or distribution paid on, or a subdivision, split, combination, consolidation or reverse split of, the Viacom Class B common stock, whether by way of reclassification, reorganization or otherwise. Voting Rights. Each share of Viacom Series C preferred stock entitles the holder to 100 votes on all matters submitted to a vote of the holders of the Viacom common stock. The vote multiple is subject to adjustment in the event of a stock dividend or distribution paid on, or a subdivision, split, combination, consolidation or reverse split of the Viacom Class A common stock, whether by way of reclassification, reorganization or otherwise. Conversion. Each share of Viacom Series C preferred stock is convertible, at the option of the holder, at any time, into 1,000 shares of Viacom Class B common stock. Payment of fair market value will be made in lieu of issuing fractional shares. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment in the event of a stock dividend or distribution paid on, or a subdivision, split, combination, consolidation or reverse split of the Viacom Class B common stock, whether by way of reclassification, reorganization or otherwise. Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up. Upon any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of Viacom, no distribution will be made to the holders of Viacom common stock unless the holders of Viacom Series C preferred stock have received: . $.01 plus an amount equal to accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions on the Viacom Series C preferred stock or . if greater, an amount equal to 1,000 times the aggregate amount to be distributed per share to holders of Viacom Class B common stock. In addition, no distributions will be made to the holders of stock ranking on a parity with the Viacom Series C preferred stock, unless simultaneous distributions are made to the holders of Viacom Series C preferred stock in proportion to the total amounts to which the holders of shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock are entitled as described above. The liquidation multiple is subject to adjustment in the event of a stock dividend or distribution paid on, or a subdivision, split, combination, consolidation or reverse split of the Viacom Class B common stock, whether by way of reclassification, reorganization or otherwise. Consolidation, Merger, Etc. If Viacom enters into any consolidation, merger, division, share exchange, combination, sale of all or substantially all of its assets, or other transaction in which the shares of Viacom Class B common stock are exchanged for or changed into other securities, cash and/or any other property, then each share of Series C preferred stock will be similarly exchanged for or changed into the aggregate amount of securities, cash and/or other property (payable in like kind) for which or into which each share of Viacom Class B common stock is changed or exchanged multiplied by the highest of the dividend multiple, the conversion rate or the liquidation multiple in effect immediately prior to the event. No Redemption. The shares of Viacom Series C Preferred Stock are not redeemable by Viacom or the holder. Amendment. A vote of two-thirds of all outstanding shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock is required to amend the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation in any manner which would alter or change the rights, preferences or limitations of the Viacom Series C preferred stock in any material respect prejudicial to its holders. Creation of series of preferred stock ranking on parity or senior to the Viacom Series C preferred stock, in terms of dividends, distributions or voting, is not deemed prejudicial. Other Viacom Preferred Stock Unless National Amusements would no longer hold a majority of the outstanding shares of voting stock of Viacom as a result of the issuance, the Viacom Board, without further action by the shareholders, is authorized to issue preferred stock from time to time in one or more series, with such distinctive serial designations as 101 may be stated or expressed in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issue of such stock adopted from time to time by the Board of Directors; and in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of shares of each particular series, the Board of Directors is also expressly authorized to fix: . the right to vote, if any; . the consideration for which the shares of the series are to be issued; . the number of shares constituting the series, which number may be increased, except as otherwise fixed by the Board of Directors, or decreased (but not below the number of shares then outstanding) from time to time by action of the Board of Directors; . the rate of dividends and the times at which dividends will be payable on the series and the preference, if any, which the dividends will have relative to dividends payable on shares of any other preferred stock of Viacom; . whether dividends will be cumulative or noncumulative, and, if cumulative, the date or dates from which dividends will be cumulative; . the rights, if any, of holders in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, merger, consolidation, distribution or sale of assets, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of Viacom; the rights, if any, of holders to convert the shares into or exchange the shares for shares of any other preferred stock of Viacom or for any debt securities of Viacom, and the terms and conditions, including price and rate of exchange, of the conversion or exchange: . whether shares of the series will be subject to redemption, and the redemption price or prices and other terms or redemption, if any, including redemption prices payable in shares of Viacom Class A common stock or Viacom Class B common stock; . the terms and amounts of any sinking fund for the purchase or redemption of shares of the series; and . any and all other powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights and qualifications, limitations or restrictions pertaining to shares of the series permitted by law. 102 COMPARISON OF RIGHTS OF HOLDERS OF VIACOM STOCK AND CBS STOCK The rights of Viacom shareholders are governed by Delaware law, including the Delaware General Corporation Law, and Viacom's current Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws. The rights of CBS shareholders are governed by Pennsylvania law, including the Pennsylvania Business Corporation Law, and CBS' Restated Articles of Incorporation and By-laws. Upon consummation of the merger, holders of shares of CBS common stock will become holders of shares of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock and holders of CBS Series B preferred stock will become holders of shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock, which is in turn convertible into shares of Viacom non- voting Class B common stock. Consequently, following the merger, Delaware law and Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation and its By- laws, both as amended as a result of the merger, will govern the rights of former holders of CBS common stock and CBS Series B preferred stock. Copies of Viacom's current Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws and CBS' Restated Articles of Incorporation and By-laws have been filed with the SEC and will be sent to any shareholder of Viacom or CBS upon request. Copies of Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws, as they will be amended as a result of the merger, are attached as Annexes B and C to this joint proxy statement/prospectus. A tabular comparison of shareholder rights of holders of common stock of Viacom and CBS both before and after the effective time of the merger is included below. This table is not intended to be a complete statement of all differences or a complete description of the specific provisions referred to in this summary, and the identification of specific differences is not intended to indicate that other significant differences do not exist. However, the table includes a description of these differences that we believe to be material. Other than voting rights, there is no difference between the rights of holders of Viacom Class A common stock and Viacom Class B common stock. 103 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Voting, Class A Common Common Stock: See "Viacom Before generally.... Stock: the Merger." Shares . 1 vote per share. of Viacom Class B . 1 vote per share. Common Stock, . No cumulative including the . No cumulative voting. shares which CBS voting. shareholders will . Plurality vote receive in the . Plurality vote for directors. merger, have no for directors. voting rights or . Majority vote for powers except as . Majority vote for all other matters required by all other except as set Delaware law. matters. forth below where a higher vote is Class B Common required for Stock: certain approvals and except as . Except as otherwise required by required by Delaware law, Pennsylvania law. this class has no voting rights or powers. - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Approval of Certain Business Combinations.. Under Delaware law, See "Viacom Before subject to certain Under Pennsylvania the Merger." limited exceptions, law, subject to the approval of the certain limited holders of a exceptions, the majority of the affirmative vote of outstanding stock a majority of the entitled to vote is votes cast by all required for any shareholders merger or entitled to vote consolidation of a thereon and, if the Delaware transaction will corporation with effect any changes another corporation in the articles of or the sale, lease the corporation, or exchange of all the same class or or substantially series vote that all of that would have been corporation's required under assets. Pennsylvania law to amend the articles, if any, is required for any merger or consolidation of a Pennsylvania corporation with another corporation or the sale, lease, exchange or other disposition of all or substantially all of that corporation's property and assets outside of the ordinary course of business. - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 104 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Approval of Certain Business Combinations with Affiliates... Delaware law Pennsylvania law See "Viacom Before contains provisions contains provisions the Merger." that may restrict that may restrict certain business certain business combinations combinations between a between a corporation and its corporation and its affiliates which affiliates. See the are not wholly provisions owned. Viacom's described under Restated "Anti-Takeover Certificate of Provisions". Incorporation and By-laws do not impose any higher voting requirements for the approval of these actions. Except as described in the next paragraph, CBS' Restated Articles of Incorporation and By-laws do not impose any higher voting requirements for the approval of business combinations. CBS' Restated Articles of Incorporation require that certain combinations with a 5% (at least) shareholder receive the approval of holders of a supermajority (80%) of all shares entitled to vote and a majority of shares held by all shareholders other than such 5% shareholder and its affiliates unless the transaction is approved by a majority of disinterested directors or satisfies certain specified fairness criteria with respect to the consideration to be received and certain other matters. Amendment of these provisions requires the approval of at least 80% of the combined vote of all shares entitled to vote generally in an annual election of directors and a majority of the combined vote of such shares held by all shareholders other than 5% shareholders and their affiliates, voting as a class. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 105 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of Directors and Size of Board........ Under Delaware law, Under Pennsylvania Under Viacom's the certificate of law, the articles proposed new incorporation or of incorporation or Restated the by-laws may the by-laws may Certificate of specify the number specify the number Incorporation, the of directors. of directors. number of directors will be expanded to Viacom's Restated CBS' By-laws allow 18. In addition, Certificate of between 3 and 24 (1) the size of the Incorporation directors to serve Board may only be allows between on its board. CBS' changed by the three and 20 By-laws authorize affirmative vote of directors to serve the board to set at least 14 on their board. the number of directors, (2) Viacom's By-laws directors within eight of the authorize the board these limits. directors serving to set the number as CBS directors on of directors within CBS' board has set September 6, 1999 the parameters set the number of (or any independent by the Restated directors at 11, director elected or Certificate of increasing to 12 on appointed prior to Incorporation. December 1, 1999. the effective time of the merger to Viacom's board has Under the CBS By- serve as a CBS set the number of laws, a majority of director) that are directors at ten. the directors must designated by CBS' be independent board prior to the directors. merger (or replacements who are independent directors) will become members of Viacom's board at the effective time and (3) of the 10 directors on Viacom's board who are not CBS' board designees, two are directors who were first elected to serve on the Viacom board after 1993, are not members of the management of either Viacom or National Amusements, and, in the event they leave the board, must be replaced with disinterested, independent directors who are chief executive officers, chief operating officers or chief financial officers or former chief executive officers of a Fortune 500 company or a non-U.S. company of comparable size. Generally, for a period of three years following the merger, these provisions cannot be changed without the approval of at least 14 directors. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 106 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Term of Office....... Under Viacom's by- Under CBS' Restated Under Viacom's laws, each director Articles of proposed new serves for a one- Incorporation, CBS Restated year term. may, but need not, Certificate of create a classified Incorporation and board. However CBS applicable law, all has not done so directors will and, under CBS' By- serve for a one- laws, each year term. Pursuant director's term to the National expires at the next Amusements annual meeting. stockholder agreement, for the three-year period following the merger, National Amusements agreed to cause to be nominated and elected each CBS director (or replacements who are independent directors). - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Removal of Directors.... Under Delaware law, Under Pennsylvania After the effective any director may be law, unless time of the merger, removed from office otherwise provided any director may be with or without in a by-law adopted removed with or cause by the by the without cause in affirmative vote of shareholders, any accordance with the holders of a director may be Delaware law. majority of the removed from office However, pursuant shares of by the shareholders to the National outstanding stock with or without Amusements entitled to vote in cause by the stockholder the election of affirmative vote of agreement, for the that director. a majority of the three-year period votes cast with following the Viacom's By-laws certain exceptions merger, National provide for the in the case of a Amusements has removal of classified board. agreed to take any directors in action necessary to accordance with Under CBS' Restated ensure that no CBS Delaware law. Articles of director is removed Incorporation and as a director of its By-laws, Viacom unless such directors may be removal is for removed by CBS' cause and is shareholders approved by at without cause only least 14 members of by the affirmative Viacom's board. vote of holders of at least 80% of the combined vote of the shares of outstanding stock entitled to vote generally in an annual election. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 107 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Vacancies.... Under Viacom's By- Under CBS' By-laws, Under Viacom's laws, vacancies on vacancies on the proposed new the Viacom board CBS board may be Restated shall be filled by filled by the Certificate of the board only, board, even if less Incorporation, if even if less than a than a quorum is one of the eight quorum is present. present, or the CBS CBS directors board may reduce vacates his or her the size of the seat, the Viacom board. Vacancies board, subject to may also be filled its fiduciary by election by the duties, is required shareholders. to take all action necessary to appoint as a successor a person designated by a majority of the remaining CBS directors. National Amusements has agreed in its shareholder agreement with CBS to vote for such designee. If one of the ten Viacom directors vacates his or her seat, the Viacom board will fill the vacancy. However, if a directorship held by a person who is a director of Viacom first elected after 1993 and is not management of Viacom or National Amusements, or the replacement of any such person, becomes vacant, the Viacom board, subject to its fiduciary duties, is required to take all action necessary to ensure that the vacancy is filled by a disinterested, independent person who is the chief executive officer, chief operating officer or chief financial officer or former chief executive officer of a Fortune-500 company or a non- U.S. public company of comparable size. Generally, for a period of three years following the merger, these provisions cannot be changed without the approval of at least 14 directors. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 108 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Calling of Special Meeting of Shareholders.. Under Delaware law, Under Pennsylvania Under Viacom's By- special meetings of law for "registered laws, special shareholders may be corporations" such meetings may be called by the board as CBS, special called by the: or by persons meetings of authorized to do so shareholders may be . majority of the in the certificate called only by the board; of incorporation or board, or by the by-laws. officers or other . chairman of the persons, if any, board; Under Viacom's By- provided in the by- laws, special laws, except that . chief executive meetings of an Interested officer; shareholders of Shareholder (as Viacom may be defined below for . vice chairman of called by the: purposes of the the board; business . majority of the combination . president and board; moratorium under chief operating "Anti-Takeover officer; or . chairman of the Provisions") can board; call a special . chairman of the meeting to approve board, chief . vice chairman of certain business executive the board; combinations. officer, the vice chairman of the . president; or Under CBS' By-laws, board, the special meetings of president and . chairman of the shareholders of CBS chief operating board, vice may be called only officer or the chairman of the by: secretary at the board, president request of at or secretary at . the CBS Board; or least 50.1% of the request of at Viacom's Class A least 50.1% of . the chairman of common stock. Viacom's Class A the Board. common stock. Under CBS' By-laws, Under Viacom's By- the only business laws, the only that may be business that may conducted at a be conducted at a special meeting is special meeting is the business stated the business stated in the notice of in the notice of that special that special meeting delivered meeting. at the direction of the CBS Board or the chairman of the Board and matters which are incidental or germane thereto. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 109 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Amendment to By-laws...... Delaware law Pennsylvania law Under Viacom's provides that the provides that the proposed new by-laws may be by-laws may be Restated amended by an amended by an Certificate of action of the action of the Incorporation, shareholders. shareholders. The during the three- However, the by-laws may also year period certificate of give the power to following the incorporation may amend the by-laws merger, any also give the power to the board. provisions of to amend the by- Article VIII of laws to the board. Pennsylvania law Viacom's By-laws, limits the board's which states that Viacom's Restated power to amend the the By-laws are Certificate of by-laws, however, subject to Article Incorporation in respect to XIII of the allows the board to certain matters, proposed new repeal, alter or unless allowed by Restated amend the by-laws the articles of Certificate of by majority vote. incorporation. Incorporation, which contain the Under CBS' Restated principal Articles of provisions setting Incorporation and forth the corporate By-laws, CBS' governance shareholders may requirements amend the By-laws relating to the with the merger, may not be affirmative vote of amended, repealed holders of at least or waived by 80% of the combined Viacom's board vote of the shares without the entitled to vote approval of at generally in an least 14 directors. annual election. Also, CBS' Restated Articles of Incorporation and By-laws allow the board to repeal, alter or amend the By-laws by majority vote of the entire board. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 110 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Amendments to certificate of incorporation..Under Delaware law, Under Pennsylvania Under Viacom's any provision of law, an amendment proposed new the certificate of to the articles of Restated incorporation may incorporation Certificate of be amended by the requires the Incorporation, approval of the approval of the during the three- board and the board and, except year period affirmative vote of in limited cases following the a majority of the where a greater merger, any holders of the vote may be provisions of combined voting required, the Viacom's proposed power of the affirmative vote of new Restated outstanding stock a majority of the Certificate of entitled to vote, votes cast by all Incorporation which and a majority of shareholders refer to Article each class entitled entitled to vote on VIII of Viacom's to vote as a class. the matter and the By-laws and the affirmative vote of provisions of Viacom's Restated a majority of the Article XIII of the Certificate of votes cast by all proposed new Incorporation shareholders within Restated provides that each class or Certificate of amendments to the series of shares if Incorporation, Restated such class or which contain the Certificate of series of shares is principal Incorporation may entitled to vote on provisions setting be adopted as the matter as a forth the corporate allowed by Delaware class. governance law. arrangements Also, Pennsylvania following the No amendments to law provides that merger, may not be the Restated shareholders of a amended, repealed Certificate of registered or waived without Incorporation corporation, such the approval of at require a as CBS, are not least 14 directors. supermajority vote. entitled to propose amendments to the articles of incorporation. Amendments to some provisions of the CBS Restated Articles of Incorporation require the approval of holders of at least 80% of the combined vote of the shares entitled to vote generally in an annual election, and certain other amendments require such vote unless first recommended and approved by a majority of the entire board. See also "Approval of Certain Business Combinations With Affiliates" above for the required vote to amend that provision. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 111 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dividends.... Under Delaware law, Under Pennsylvania See "Viacom Before a corporation may law, unless the Merger." pay dividends out restricted by the of surplus or, if by-laws, a no surplus exists, corporation may pay out of net profits dividends unless for the fiscal year the payment would in which the leave the dividends are corporation unable declared and/or its to pay its debts as preceding fiscal they become due in year. However, the usual course of dividends may not business, or unless be declared out of the payment would net profits if the leave the capital of the corporation with corporation is less total assets that than the aggregate were less than the amount of capital sum of its total represented by any liabilities plus issued and the amount that outstanding would be preferred stock. distributable upon dissolution to shareholders having senior rights. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Federal Communications Laws......... Viacom's Restated The CBS Restated See "Viacom Before Certificate of Articles of the Merger." Incorporation Incorporation and provides that it By-laws do not may request certain contain special information from provisions with the shareholder or respect to proposed compliance with shareholder in federal order to determine communications whether ownership laws. of Viacom's Class A or Class B common stock is inconsistent with, or in violation of, any of the federal communications laws. If the necessary information is not provided or if Viacom finds that the ownership of its Class A or Class B common stock by a shareholder or proposed shareholder is inconsistent with, or in violation of, any of the federal communications laws, Viacom may: . refuse to permit the transfer of shares of its Class A or Class B common stock to the proposed person or entity; or . exercise any and all appropriate remedies, at law or in equity, against any shareholder in order to obtain the necessary information or prevent or cure any situation 112 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- which would cause the inconsistency with, or violation of, the offending provision of the federal communications laws. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Conversion... As long as 10,000 CBS' common stock See "Viacom Before shares of Viacom's has no conversion the Merger." Class A common features. stock are outstanding, each record holder of shares of Class A or Class B common stock may convert any or all of such shares into an equal number of shares of Class B common stock. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Committees... Under its By-laws, Under its By-laws, All Committees. Viacom's board may CBS' board is Under Viacom's create one or more required to create proposed new committees. Each a compensation Restated committee would committee, an audit Certificate of consist of one or review committee Incorporation, all more of the and a nominating committees, other directors of and governance than the Viacom. committee. Each of compensation these committees committee and the shall consist of officers nominating not less than two committee, must members of the have the same board, at least two proportion of CBS of whom are and Viacom required to be directors as the independent full Viacom board directors on the has, with a minimum date of their of one CBS director appointment. CBS' on each committee. By-laws require that all members of Officers Nominating the compensation Committee. Under committee and the Viacom's proposed nominating and new Restated governance Certificate of committee be Incorporation, independent Viacom will have an directors on the officers nominating date of their committee and Mr. appointment. The Karmazin will be CBS board can also the only member of create additional this committee. standing or special This committee will committees of one have the powers to or more members. hire, elect, terminate, change positions, allocate responsibilities or determine non- equity compensations, with respect to the officers and employees. However, this committee will not have these powers with respect to the chairman, the chief executive officer and the chief operating officer. 113 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This committee will not have the power to fill the positions of the chief financial officer, controller and general counsel without the approval of the board. However, this committee will have all of the other powers delegated to it for other officers with respect to the chief financial officer, controller and general counsel, including the power to terminate employment of persons holding those positions. Any decision of this committee can be overridden by the affirmative vote of at least 14 directors. Compensation Committee. Under Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation, this committee shall consist of three CBS directors who are independent directors and three directors who are not CBS directors. Of the three non- CBS directors, two will be persons who were first elected as directors of Viacom after 1993 and who are not management of Viacom or National Amusements and the third will be a disinterested independent director. This committee must approve the annual compensation of all other officers and employees and any equity or equity- based compensation of any officer or employee. However, this committee will not have the power to approve the annual compensation of: . any employee if the total value of such employee's annual cash compensation is less than $1 million; or 114 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . any talent, as such term is commonly used in the media or entertainment industries. These powers will be delegated to the officers nominating committee. Generally, for a period of three years following the merger, these provisions cannot be changed without the approval of at least 14 directors. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Officers..... Under Viacom's By- Under its By-laws, Chairman and Chief laws, Viacom's CBS' board shall Executive Officer. board shall elect a elect a chairman, Under Viacom's president, a who may be proposed new treasurer and a designated an Restated secretary. The officer of CBS, a Certificate of board may also president or a Incorporation, elect a chairman, chief executive Sumner Redstone one or more vice officer or both, will serve as chairmen and vice such vice chairman and chief presidents and one presidents as may executive officer or more assistant from time to time of Viacom and Mel treasurers and be necessary or Karmazin will serve assistant desirable, a as president and secretaries. Any secretary and a chief operating number of offices treasurer. There officer of Viacom. may be held by the shall also be one If Mr. Redstone is same person, except or more assistant not the chief the offices of secretaries and executive officer president and treasurers and such at the effective secretary. Vice other officers and time of the merger presidents may be assistant officers or ceases to be the given distinctive as the board may chief executive designations such deem appropriate. officer at any time as executive vice The board shall during the three- president or senior elect all officers, year period vice president. The except assistant following the board may elect officers. The term merger, Mr. other officers and of office for all Karmazin will agents as it deems officers shall be become the chief necessary. The until the executive officer officers shall hold organization while retaining his office until their meeting of the title and successors are board following the responsibilities as elected or next annual meeting chief operating appointed and of shareholders and officer. The chief qualify or until until their executive officer their earlier respective shall be resignation or successors are responsible, in removal. Any elected or consultation with officer elected or appointed and shall the chief operating appointed by the qualify, or until officer, for board may be their earlier corporate policy removed at any time death, resignation and strategy and with or without or removal. The the chief operating cause by the chairman or any officer shall affirmative vote of officer may be consult on all a majority of the removed from major decisions whole board. office, either with with, and shall or without cause, report directly to, at any time by the the chief executive affirmative vote of officer. However, the majority of the unless Mr. Karmazin members of the is the chief board then in executive officer, office. the chief executive officer will not exercise any powers, rights, functions or responsibilities of the chief operating officer. 115 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- President and Chief Operating Officer. Under Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation, Mr. Karmazin will also serve as president as well as chief operating officer. Mr. Karmazin may not be terminated or demoted from his position as chief operating officer or chief executive officer, if he is serving in that capacity, and none of his functions as chief operating officer may be changed without the affirmative vote of at least 14 directors. The chief operating officer will: . supervise, coordinate and manage Viacom's business, operations, activities, operating expenses and capital allocation; . handle matters relating to officers (other than the chief executive officer and chief operating officer) and employees including hiring, terminating, changing positions and allocating responsibilities, other than (a) specific board authority with respect to the chief financial officer, the general counsel and the controller and (b) the authority of the officers nominating committee and the compensation committee; and . hold substantially all of the powers, rights, functions and responsibilities typically exercised by a chief operating officer. 116 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All officers (other than the chairman, chief executive officer and chief operating officer) will report, directly or indirectly, to the chief operating officer. If Mr. Karmazin is not the chief operating officer or chief executive officer, the Viacom board may terminate the chief operating officer, eliminate that position and the officers nominating committee and reallocate the functions of those positions to whom the officers will report. Vice Presidents, Secretary, Assistant Secretary, Treasurer and Assistant Treasurer. Under Viacom's By-laws, the president and chief operating officer may assign additional duties to the vice presidents, secretary, assistant secretary, treasurer and assistant treasurer. Generally, for a period of three years following the merger, these provisions cannot be changed without the approval of at least 14 directors. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 117 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Shareholder Action....... Under Delaware law, Under Pennsylvania See "Viacom Before unless the law, unless the Merger." certificate of otherwise incorporation restricted by the provides otherwise, by-laws, a a shareholder shareholder action action may be taken may be taken if written consents without a meeting are received from upon the unanimous the holders of the written consent of minimum number of all of the votes that would be shareholders necessary to entitled to vote authorize that thereon. action at a meeting Shareholders of a at which all the registered shares entitled to corporation, such vote for that as CBS, may action were present authorize an action and voted. Viacom's without a meeting Restated by less than Certificate of unanimous written Incorporation does consent only if not restrict the such action without ability of a meeting is shareholders to act permitted by the by written consent. articles of incorporation. CBS' Restated Articles of Incorporation do not provide for a partial written consent; and CBS' By-laws do not restrict shareholder action by unanimous written consent. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Notice of Some Shareholder Actions...... Neither Viacom's Under CBS' By-laws, See "Viacom Before Restated for nominations for the Merger." Certificate of the election of Incorporation nor directors to be its By-laws require properly brought by shareholders to a shareholder give Viacom advance before an annual notice of director meeting or a nominations or special meeting at business to be which directors are presented at an to be elected annual or general pursuant to CBS' shareholders' notice of meeting, meeting. or for other business to be properly brought by a shareholder before an annual meeting, the shareholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to CBS' secretary and the shareholder must be entitled by Pennsylvania law to present such business at the meeting and must be a shareholder of record at the time the required notice is given and at the time of the meeting. To be timely, a shareholder's notice must be delivered to CBS' secretary at CBS' principal executive offices: 118 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . in the case of an annual meeting, for receipt not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year's annual meeting (provided, if the date of the annual meeting is advanced more than 30 days or delayed more than 90 days from the anniversary date, the notice can be as late as the 10th day following public announcement of the meeting date); and . with respect to the nomination of a person or persons for election to such position(s) as are specified in CBS' notice of meeting in the case of a special meeting, for receipt no more than 120 days prior to the date of such special meeting and no later than the 90th day prior to the date of such special meeting or the 10th day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the board to be elected at such meeting. In no event will the public announcement of an adjournment or postponement of an annual or special meeting commence a new time period for the giving of a shareholder's notice. Such shareholder's notice shall include: . certain information relating to the relationship, if any, between the shareholder and the nominee being proposed, the nominee's written consent, and the information required to be disclosed under the Exchange Act; 119 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting and the reasons therefor and any material interest of the shareholder and the beneficial owner therein; and . as to the shareholder giving the notice and as to the beneficial owner, if different from the shareholder giving notice, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made, the name and address and number of shares held by the shareholder and beneficial owner, and a representation by the shareholder as to the intent to hold such shares until the meeting and to attend the meeting and make the proposal. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 120 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dissenters' Rights of Appraisal.... Delaware law Pennsylvania law See "Viacom Before provides for provides, with the Merger." appraisal rights on certain exceptions, the part of the that shareholders shareholders of a of a corporation corporation only in have a right to the case of certain dissent from a mergers or proposed consolidations and transaction and to not in the case of obtain payment of other mergers, the judicially sales or transfers determined "fair of all or value" of their substantially all shares in a merger, of a corporation's consolidation, assets or division, share amendments to a exchange or corporation's conversion, in certificate of certain asset incorporation. transfers, in Moreover, unless transactions where the certificate of the board grants incorporation so dissenters rights, provides, Delaware and in certain law does not other plans or provide for amendments to the appraisal rights in articles of connection with a incorporation in merger or which disparate consolidation for treatment is given stock listed on a to the holders of national securities shares of the same exchange or class or series designated as a unless each group national market has approved by a system security on special class vote. the Nasdaq stock These dissenters' market or held of rights are not record by more than available, however, 2,000 shareholders, for any class of unless the stock that is agreement of merger either listed on a or consolidation national securities requires the exchange or held of holders of the record by more than stock to receive, 2,000 shareholders in exchange for (as is the case their shares, any with CBS common property other than stock) unless (a) shares of stock of the shares are not the surviving converted solely corporation, shares into shares of the of stock of any acquiring, other corporation surviving, new or listed on a other corporation, national securities or solely into such exchange or shares combined designated as a with cash for any national market fractional shares; system security on (b) the shares the Nasdaq stock being converted are market or held of shares of any record by more than preferred or 2,000 holders, cash special class of instead of stock, unless the fractional shares articles of or any combination incorporation, the of the foregoing. plan, or the terms Viacom's Restated of the transaction Certificate of entitle all holders Incorporation does of the shares of not provide for the preferred or appraisal rights in special class to these vote on the circumstances. In transaction and addition, Delaware require the law denies approval of the appraisal rights to affirmative vote of the shareholders of a majority of the the surviving votes cast by all corporation in a shareholders of the merger if the preferred or merger did not special class; or require the (c) (1) the approval of the transaction shareholders of the provides for surviving disparate treatment corporation. for shares of the same class or series, 121 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) the shares being converted are a group of a class or series of shares which are to receive the same special treatment in the transaction, and (3) the group is not entitled to vote as a special class for such transaction. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Fiduciary Duties of Directors.... Under Delaware law, Under Pennsylvania See "Viacom Before the business and law, directors have the Merger." affairs of a a fiduciary duty to corporation are their corporation managed by or under and are required to the direction of perform their its board. In duties in good exercising their faith, in a manner powers, directors they reasonably are charged with believe to be in the fiduciary the best interests duties of loyalty of the corporation, and care to both and with the care, the corporation and including the shareholders. A reasonable inquiry, party challenging skill and the decision of a diligence, that a board generally person of ordinary bears the burden of prudence would use rebutting the so- under similar called "business circumstances. judgment rule," a Directors, in presumption that, considering the in making a best interests of business decision, their corporation, directors acted on may, but are not an informed basis, required to, in good faith and consider the in the honest effects of any belief that the action upon action was taken in employees, the best interests suppliers and of the corporation. customers of the Unless this corporation, and presumption is upon communities in rebutted, the which offices or business judgment other exercised by establishments of directors in making the corporation are their decisions is located and all not subject to other pertinent judicial review. To factors. Under rebut this Pennsylvania law, presumption, a absent a breach of party must fiduciary duty, a demonstrate that, lack of good faith in reaching their or self-dealing, decision, the any act of the directors breached board, a committee one or more of of the board or an their fiduciary individual director duties. If the is presumed to be presumption is so in the best rebutted, the interests of the directors bear the corporation. The burden of Pennsylvania demonstrating the Supreme Court has entire fairness of recognized the the relevant common law transaction. "business judgment Notwithstanding the rule". Pennsylvania foregoing, Delaware courts have not courts may subject imposed any directors' heightened defensive actions obligations on taken in response directors to to a threat to justify their corporate control conduct in the or their approval context of a of a change-of- potential or control transaction proposed to enhanced acquisition of scrutiny and may control or required require the directors to directors to maximize the short- maximize the short- term financial term financial return to interests of shareholders. shareholders. 122 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Limitation of Personal Liability of Directors.... Delaware law Under See "Viacom permits a Pennsylvania law, a Before the Merger." corporation to corporation may include in its include in its by- certificate of laws a provision incorporation a which eliminates provision that the liability of limits or its directors for eliminates the monetary damages liability of its for any action directors to the taken or the corporation or its failure to take any shareholders for action, unless (a) monetary damages the directors have arising from a breached or failed breach of fiduciary to perform their duty, except under duties and (b) the certain breach or failure circumstances. Some to perform of these constitutes self- circumstances would dealing, willful include a breach of misconduct or the duty of loyalty recklessness. to the corporation However, a or its Pennsylvania shareholders, acts corporation may not or omissions not in eliminate the good faith or which liability of involve intentional directors where the misconduct or a responsibility or knowing violation liability of a of law, an unlawful director arises declartion of a under any criminal declaration of a statute or is for dividend or the payment of unlawful federal, state or authorization of local taxes. CBS' the repurchase or Restated Articles redemption of stock of Incorporation or any transaction and By-laws from which the eliminate director director derived an liability to the improper personal fullest extent benefit. Viacom's permitted by Restated Pennsylvania law. Certificate of Incorporation eliminates director liability to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 123 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indemnification of Directors and Officers..... Under Delaware The provisions of See "Viacom law, a corporation Pennsylvania law Before the Merger." may indemnify a regarding director or officer indemnification are of the corporation substantially against expenses, similar to those of including Delaware law. attorneys' fees, Unlike Delaware judgments, fines law, however, and settlement Pennsylvania law amounts actually expressly permits and reasonably indemnification in incurred in a civil connection with any or criminal action, action, including a suit or proceeding derivative action, by reason of being unless a court or having been a determines that the representative of acts or omissions or serving at the giving rise to the request of the claim constituted corporation. This willful misconduct indemnification is or recklessness. available if the person acted in CBS' Restated good faith and Articles of reasonably believed Incorporation and that his or her By-laws provide for actions were in or broad not opposed to the indemnification of best interests of directors and the corporation officers. However, and, in a criminal CBS' By-laws proceeding, had no specifically state reasonable cause to that there will be believe that his or no indemnification her conduct was where the unlawful. In an indemnitee action brought by initiates the or on behalf of the claim, except for a corporation, this claim to enforce indemnification is indemnification limited to expenses rights. The By-laws incurred. Delaware provide for the law also provides advancement of that a corporation certain expenses if may advance a the person seeking director, officer, indemnification employee or agent agrees to repay all the expenses amounts advanced if incurred in it is later defending any determined that action, but that, such person is not in the case of entitled to be advances to indemnified directors or pursuant to the By- officers the laws against such corporation must expenses. first receive an undertaking from the officer or director to repay the amount advanced if it is ultimately determined that the person is not entitled to indemnification. A determination of the amount of the indemnification to be paid in any circumstance must be made by a majority of the directors who are not parties to the action, even though less than a quorum, by a committee of such disinterested directors or, if there are no such directors - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- or if such directors so direct, by independent legal counsel. No indemnification for expenses in derivative actions is permitted under Delaware law if the person is found to be liable to the corporation, unless a court finds him or her entitled to such indemnification. If, however, that person is successful, on the merits or otherwise, in defending a third- party or derivative action, indemnification for expenses incurred is mandatory. The indemnification provisions of Delaware law are not exclusive of any other rights to which the party may be entitled under any by-law, agreement or vote of shareholders or disinterested directors. Viacom's Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides for mandatory indemnification of its directors, officers, employees or agents to the fullest extent provided by law. However, Viacom will not indemnify a person who was adjudged to be liable to Viacom, unless the court decides that such person is entitled to Viacom's indemnity. Viacom's Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides for the advancement of expenses for its directors and officers if they agree to repay all amounts advanced if it is later ultimately determined that they are not entitled to be indemnified. In addition, Viacom's Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides for the advancement of expenses for its employees and agents as Viacom deems it appropriate. 125 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Anti- Takeover Provisions... Under Delaware law, Pennsylvania law a corporation is contains several See "Viacom Before prohibited from anti-takeover the Merger." engaging in any provisions which "business apply to registered combination" with corporations such an "interested as CBS. shareholder," which is defined as a Transactions with person who, Interested together with Shareholders. affiliates or Pennsylvania law associates, owns, provides that the or within a three- types of year period did transactions listed own, 15% or more of below must be the corporation's approved by the voting stock for a affirmative vote of period of three at least a majority years following the of the votes that date on which the all shareholders shareholder became are entitled to an interested cast with respect shareholder, to such unless: transaction, excluding all . the certificate voting shares owned of incorporation by an interested provides shareholder. An otherwise; interested shareholder . prior to the date generally means, on which the for purposes of person became an this provision, a interested shareholder who is shareholder, the a party to the board approved transaction or who either the is treated business differently from combination or other shareholders, the transaction together with their which resulted in affiliates and the shareholder persons acting becoming an jointly or in interested concert with them. shareholder; The following types of transactions . the interested require the special shareholder owned vote described 85% or more of above: the voting stock of the . a merger or corporation, consolidation, a excluding share exchange or specified shares, certain sales of upon completion assets between a of the corporation or transaction as its subsidiary the result of and a shareholder which the person of the became an corporation; interested shareholder; or . a division of the corporation, if . on or after the an interested date on which shareholder is to such person receive a became an disproportionate interested amount of any of shareholder, the the securities of business any corporation combination is surviving or approved by the resulting from board and the the division; affirmative vote, at a special . a voluntary meeting and not dissolution of by written the corporation, consent, of at if any least 66 2/3% of shareholder is to the outstanding be treated voting shares of differently from the corporation, others holding excluding shares shares of the held by such same class (other interested than dissenters' shareholder. rights); or 126 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A "business . a combination" reclassification, includes: if any shareholder's . mergers, percentage of consolidations voting or and sales or economic share other interest in the dispositions of corporation is 10% or more of materially the assets of a increased corporation to or relative to with an substantially all interested other shareholder; shareholders. . certain The special voting transactions requirement with resulting in the respect to the issuance or above types of transfer to an transactions does interested not apply if: shareholder of any stock of such . the proposed corporation or transaction has its subsidiaries; been approved by and a majority of the corporation's . other board, excluding transactions directors resulting in a affiliated with disproportionate or nominated by financial benefit the interested to an interested shareholder; shareholder. Delaware law does . the consideration not contain a received for each "control-share class of stock acquisition" owned by the statute similar to interested that contained in shareholder is at Pennsylvania law. least as high as the highest consideration paid for that class by the interested shareholder; or . the transaction is a merger or consolidation involving a parent corporation which owns at least 80% of each class of the stock of each other constituent party. Business Combination Moratorium. Pennsylvania law provides for a five-year moratorium on business combinations with a registered corporation by an interested shareholder after the date such person first becomes an interested shareholder. For this purpose, interested shareholder generally means a person who individually or with or through any of its affiliates or associates owns stock with 20% or more of the combined vote of shares entitled to elect directors or who held such amount in the last five years and is still an affiliate. 127 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Following the expiration of the five-year moratorium, a business combination with that interested shareholder must be approved by either: . a majority of the shares not held by the interested shareholder or its affiliates and associates; or . a majority of the shares cast including those shares held by the interested shareholder, and the business combination (a) must meet certain fair price criteria and (b) the interested shareholder cannot have increased its holdings during the five-year period. "Business combinations" include: . mergers, consolidations, share exchanges or divisions of a registered corporation or its subsidiary: with an interested shareholder; or with, involving or resulting in any other corporation which is, or after such merger, consolidation, share exchange or division would be, an affiliate or associate of such interested shareholder; . a sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition to or with an interested shareholder or any affiliate or associate of an interested shareholder of assets of the corporation or any subsidiary having a value equal to at least 10% of (a) the assets, (b) all the outstanding shares or (c) the earning power or net income on a consolidated basis, of such registered corporation or its subsidiary; 128 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . the adoption of a plan of liquidation or dissolution proposed by the interested shareholder or its affiliates or associates; and . other specified self-dealing transactions between such registered corporation and an interested shareholder or any affiliate or associate thereof. The five-year moratorium does not apply to: . business combinations with persons who became interested shareholders with the prior approval of the board; . business combinations that were approved by the board prior to the date on which the shareholder became an interested shareholder; . business combinations approved by all of the holders of the outstanding common shares; and . business combinations approved by a majority of the voting shares, not including any voting shares beneficially owned by the interested shareholder or any affiliate or associate of the interested shareholder, at a meeting called for such purpose no earlier than three months after the date the interested shareholder became the beneficial owner of 80% of the voting shares, provided that the interested shareholder continues to beneficially own 80% of the voting shares at the time of such meeting and certain fair price criteria are met and the interested shareholder has not increased its holdings. 129 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Shareholder Right to Have Shares Purchased in Control Transactions. Under Pennsylvania law, when a person or group of persons acting together holds 20% of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors, any other holder of voting shares of the registered corporation who objects can, within a reasonable time after the control person or group of persons acquires the 20% stake, require the control group to purchase his or her shares at a fair value. Fair value is defined as not less than the highest price per share paid by the control person at any time during the 90-day period ending on the date of the control transaction plus any value, including any value paid or payable for the acquisition of control, that may not be reflected in such price. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rights Plan... Viacom does not On December 29, See "Viacom Before have a rights plan. 1995, the board of the Merger." directors of CBS adopted a shareholder rights plan providing for the distribution of one right for each share of its common stock outstanding on January 9, 1996 or issued thereafter until the occurrence of certain events. The rights become exercisable only in the event, with certain exceptions, that an acquiring party accumulates 15% or more of CBS' voting stock or a party announces an offer to acquire 30% or more of CBS' voting stock. The rights will not become exercisable as a result of the merger because of prior approval of the merger by the board of directors of CBS. The rights initially have an exercise price of $64 per share and expire on January 9, 2006; 130 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Combined Company Shareholder Viacom Before the CBS Before the Shareholder Rights Rights Merger Merger - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- however, the CBS Board has adopted a resolution affirming its intention to redeem the rights in January 2001 if still outstanding. Upon the occurrence of certain events, holders of the rights will be entitled to purchase either CBS Series A preferred shares or shares in an acquiring entity at half of market value. CBS is entitled to redeem the rights at a value of $.01 per right at any time until the tenth day following the acquisition of a 15% position in its voting stock. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rights of Inspection... Under Delaware law, Under Pennsylvania See "Viacom Before every shareholder, law every the Merger." upon proper written shareholder, upon demand stating the proper written purpose, may demand stating the inspect the purpose, may corporate books and inspect the records as long as corporate books and the inspection is records as long as for a proper the inspection is purpose and during for a proper normal business purpose and during hours. A "proper normal business purpose" is any hours. A "proper purpose reasonably purpose" is any related to the purpose reasonably interest of the related to the inspecting person interest of the as a shareholder. inspecting person as a shareholder. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Liquidation Rights....... The rights of the See "Viacom Before holders of shares the Merger." of Viacom's common stock upon the Holders of shares liquidation or of CBS' common dissolution of stock upon the Viacom are liquidation or substantially the dissolution of CBS same as those of have the right to the holders of receive (on a shares of CBS' parity with any common stock upon preferred stock the liquidation or ranking on a parity dissolution of CBS. with the common for this purpose) any surplus that remains after paying or providing for all liabilities of CBS and after all distributions have been made to stock having a preference to the common with respect to liquidation/dissolution. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 131 In addition, upon consummation of the merger, holders of shares of CBS Series B preferred stock will become holders of shares of Viacom Series C preferred stock. Consequently, following the merger, Delaware law and Viacom's proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation and its By-laws, both as amended as a result of the merger, will govern the rights of former holders of CBS Series B preferred stock. Except as described in the table below, the rights of holders of Viacom Series C preferred stock are substantially identical to the rights of holders of CBS Series B preferred stock:
Viacom Series C CBS Series B Preferred Stock Preferred Stock -------------------------------- ---------------------------- Par Value: $1.00 per share $.01 per share Voting Rights Equal To: 1,000 shares of CBS common stock 100 shares of Viacom Class A common stock Convertible into: 1,000 shares of CBS common stock 1,000 shares of Viacom non-voting Class B common stock
ADOPTION OF NEW RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION The Board of Directors of Viacom has declared the advisability, approved and is submitting for shareholder adoption a new Restated Certificate of Incorporation for Viacom. The full text of the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation is attached as Annex B. For a summary of the material provisions, see "The Merger--Directors, Management and Corporate Governance of the Combined Company," which should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, the full text of the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation attached as Annex B. For a summary of the material differences between the Restated Certificate of Incorporation as in effect immediately prior to the effective time of the merger and the proposed new Restated Certificate of Incorporation, see "Comparison of Rights of Holders of Viacom Stock and CBS Stock." 132 AMENDMENT TO THE VIACOM 1997 LONG-TERM MANAGEMENT INCENTIVE PLAN The Viacom 1997 long-term management incentive plan was adopted on March 27, 1997 and was approved by Viacom's shareholders. The Viacom board amended the plan on July 29, 1999 and September 6, 1999 to increase the number of shares of Viacom Class B common stock authorized for issuance under this plan by an additional 10 million shares to a total of 50 million shares of Class B common stock, as described more fully below, as well as to make certain other amendments. The increase in the number of shares of Class B common stock authorized for issuance under the plan is being submitted for approval by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of Viacom's Class A common stock outstanding on the record date, by written consent. General Description of this Plan The following is a description of the material features of this plan. The full text of this plan is filed as an exhibit to this registration statement. This plan provides for grants of stock options to purchase shares of Class B common stock, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares of Class B common stock and phantom shares. However, no incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares or phantom shares have been or will be granted under this plan. The terms and conditions of the non-qualified stock options granted or to be granted under the plan are described in more detail below. Approximately 1,000 of Viacom's employees are eligible for grants under this plan. Where necessary, compensation relating to awards under this plan is generally intended to qualify as "qualified performance-based compensation," which is excluded from the $1.0 million limit on deductible compensation set forth in Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code. The maximum aggregate number of shares of Class B common stock that may be distributed under this plan, whether reserved for issuance upon grants of stock options or stock appreciation rights or granted as restricted shares, is currently 40 million, subject to adjustment. On July 29, 1999 and September 6, 1999, the board amended this plan to authorize the issuance of an additional 10 million shares of Class B common stock, subject to approval of the Viacom shareholders, for a total of 50 million shares. Shares of Class B common stock covered by expired or terminated stock options are not counted in applying such limit. The maximum aggregate number of shares of Class B common stock that may be granted pursuant to awards granted to any participant during the five-year term of this plan is 10 million. Grants under this plan are currently authorized by the senior executive compensation committee of the Viacom board, in its sole discretion. For this reason, it is not possible to determine the benefits or amounts of the awards that will be received by any particular employees or group of employees in the future. Administration This plan is administered by the senior executive compensation committee, or such other committee appointed by the Viacom board, which, following consummation of the merger, will be the compensation committee under Article XIII of the company's restated certificate of incorporation and will be referred to as the "committee" throughout the description of this plan. The committee must be comprised of at least two members of the board of directors, each of whom must be a "non-employee" director within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Stock Options Stock options can be either incentive stock options or options that do not qualify as incentive stock options for federal income tax purposes, called non- qualified stock options, as determined by the committee. However, all stock options issued under the plan or to be issued will be non-qualified stock options. 133 Subject to some limits described below, the committee determines the number of stock options granted, the exercise price of the stock options, the vesting schedule applicable to the stock options and the period during which they can be exercised. The committee may, in its discretion, accelerate the vesting date of any stock option. No stock option can be exercised more than ten years after the date of grant. The exercise price of a stock option must be paid in full at the time of exercise as follows: . in cash, . in the discretion of the committee, in shares of Viacom Class B common stock or other Viacom securities designated by the committee, or . in a combination of cash, shares or such other securities. Generally, if a participant voluntarily terminates employment or his or her employment is terminated by Viacom other than for cause, his or her outstanding stock options may be exercised, to the extent then exercisable, for six months following the date of termination. In the event of a participant's retirement, he or she may exercise his or her stock options, to the extent exercisable on the date of retirement, for six months after his or her retirement for options granted prior to August 1, 1999 and for two years after his or her retirement for options granted on or after August 1, 1999. In the event of a participant's death, his or her stock options may be exercised, to the extent exercisable at the date of death, by the person who acquired the right to exercise the stock options by will or the laws of descent and distribution for one year following the date of death. In the event of the permanent disability of a participant, his or her stock options may be exercised, to the extent exercisable upon the date of the onset of such permanent disability, for one year following such date. If any participant's employment is terminated for cause, then, unless the committee determines otherwise, all stock options, whether or not then vested, will be forfeited by the participant effective as of the date of such termination. The committee generally has the discretion to set post-termination exercise periods in excess of those described above. However, in no event may a stock option be exercised following the earlier to occur of the expiration of the option and the tenth anniversary of the date of grant. In the event that a participant's employment terminates under circumstances that would constitute an "involuntary termination," within the meaning of Viacom's executive severance plans, all of the participant's options will vest on the date of his or her involuntary termination, and each stock option will continue to be exercisable in accordance with its terms, for two years, in case of a Vice President, and for three years, in the case of a Senior Vice President, or through the option's original expiration date, if earlier. For Messrs. Dauman and Dooley only, the post-resignation option exercise periods of their options have been extended through December 31, 2003 or through the option's original expiration date, if earlier, subject to their compliance with the restrictive covenants in their agreements. The executive severance plans and the agreements with Messrs. Dauman and Dooley are described in detail in the section captioned "Interests of Persons in the Merger--Senior Management Arrangements" above. Adjustments In the event of a merger, consolidation, stock split, dividend, distribution, combination, reclassification or recapitalization that changes the character or amount of the Class B common stock, the committee will make any adjustments as it deems appropriate to the following: . the number of shares of Class B common stock subject to any stock options, . the exercise price of any outstanding stock options, and . the maximum number of shares of Class B common stock that may be granted under the plan or the aggregate number of shares that may be granted to any participant. 134 Transfer Restrictions, Etc. The rights of a participant with respect to the stock options granted under this plan are not transferable by the participant except: . by will or the laws of descent and distribution, or . to members of the participant's immediate family or trusts whose beneficiaries are members of the participant's immediate family, as permitted by the committee. Except as described above, no grant under this plan entitles a participant to any rights of a holder of shares of Class B common stock, nor will any grant be construed as giving any employee a right to continued service with Viacom. Amendment and Termination of this Plan This plan, by its terms, expires on March 27, 2002. This plan may be terminated and may be altered, amended, suspended or terminated at any time, in whole or in part, by the board of directors, except that no alteration or amendment will be effective without shareholder approval if approval is required. Tax Consequences The following is intended as a general summary of the federal income tax consequences associated with the grant and exercise of non-qualified stock options. This summary does not purport to be complete and does not address any applicable state or local tax law. In general, the grant of a non-qualified stock option will not result in the recognition of taxable income by the participant or in a tax deduction to Viacom or its subsidiaries. Upon exercise of a non-qualified stock option, a participant will recognize ordinary income in an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the shares purchased over the exercise price of the non-qualified stock option. The amount of the income so recognized is subject to income tax withholding and a tax deduction equal to the amount of such income is allowable to the participant's employer. Gain or loss upon a subsequent sale of the stock received upon exercise of a non-qualified stock option generally would be taxed as capital gain or loss (long-term or short-term depending on the holding period of the stock sold). Certain additional rules apply if the exercise price for a non- qualified stock option is paid in shares or other securities previously owned by the participant. The Viacom Board Unanimously Recommends That The Holders Of Viacom Class A Common Stock Approve The Amendment To The Plan. SOLICITATION OF CONSENTS AND PROXIES Each of Viacom and CBS will bear the cost of the solicitation of consents and proxies from its own shareholders, except that Viacom and CBS will share equally the cost of printing this joint proxy statement/prospectus and the fees associated with the filing of this joint proxy statement/prospectus with the SEC. In addition to solicitation by mail, directors, officers and employees of each of Viacom and CBS may solicit consents or proxies from shareholders of their respective companies by telephone, facsimile or telegram or in person. Arrangements will also be made with brokerage houses and other custodians, nominees and fiduciaries for the forwarding of solicitation material to the beneficial owners of stock held of record by these persons, and Viacom and CBS will reimburse these custodians, nominees and fiduciaries for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses. Georgeson & Company Inc. will assist in the solicitation of proxies by CBS. Georgeson & Company Inc. will receive a fee of $25,000, plus costs and expenses, for its services. 135 SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS The Viacom board will consider proposals of shareholders intended to be presented for action at Viacom's next or, if the merger is completed, the combined company's, annual meeting of shareholders. A shareholder proposal must be submitted in writing and be received at Viacom's principal executive offices, 1515 Broadway, New York, NY 10036, Attn: Corporate Secretary. The deadline for shareholders to submit proposals pursuant to Rule 14a-8 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for inclusion in Viacom's proxy statement and form of proxy for the annual meeting is December 17, 1999. If the merger is not completed, CBS will hold a 2000 annual meeting of shareholders. If such meeting is held, shareholders' proposals must be in writing, addressed to the CBS Secretary, and received at the principal executive offices of CBS on or before November 26, 1999, to be considered for inclusion in the proxy materials relating to that meeting. Shareholder nominees or proposals outside of the processes of Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act must be sent to the CBS Secretary at the principal executive offices of CBS for receipt between January 5, 2000 and February 4, 2000 and must include the information required by CBS' By-laws. In the event the combination is completed, there will not be an annual meeting of CBS in 2000. 136 LEGAL MATTERS Legal matters with respect to the validity of the securities offered hereby and the merger will be passed upon for Viacom by Michael D. Fricklas, Esq., Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Viacom. EXPERTS The consolidated financial statements of Viacom incorporated into this document by reference to Viacom's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998, have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting. The consolidated financial statements and the related financial statement schedule of CBS, as of December 31, 1998 and 1997 and for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 1998, incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus from CBS' Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998, have been audited by KPMG LLP, independent auditors, as stated in their reports, which are incorporated in this document by reference, and have been so incorporated in reliance upon the reports of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing. The consolidated financial statements of King World incorporated in this joint proxy statement/prospectus by reference from CBS' Current Report on Form 8-K dated on or about October 8, 1999, have been audited by Arthur Andersen LLP, independent public accountants, as indicated in their report with respect thereto and is incorporated in this document by reference in reliance upon the authority of said firm as experts in giving said report. WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION AND INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE Viacom and CBS are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and each accordingly files reports and other information with the SEC. Reports, proxy statements and other information filed by Viacom or CBS with the SEC can be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at Room 1024, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549 or at its regional offices located at Suite 1400, Northwestern Atrium Center, 500 West Madison Street, Chicago, Illinois 60661 and at Seven World Trade Center, 13th Floor, New York, New York 10048, and copies of these materials can be obtained from the Public Reference Section of the SEC, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates, or by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically, such as Viacom and CBS. The address of the SEC's Internet site is http://www.sec.gov. Viacom has filed a registration statement on Form S-4 under the Securities Act of 1933, of which this joint proxy statement/prospectus forms a part, relating to the Viacom Class B common stock to be issued in connection with the merger. This joint proxy statement/prospectus does not contain all the information set forth in the registration statement, selected portions of which are omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information pertaining to Viacom, CBS and the Viacom Class B common stock, reference is made to the registration statement and its exhibits. Statements contained in this joint proxy statement/prospectus or in any document incorporated in this joint proxy statement/prospectus by reference as to the contents of any contract or other document referred to within this document or other documents that are incorporated by reference are not necessarily complete and, in each instance, reference is made to the copy of the applicable contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement or otherwise filed with the SEC. Each statement contained in this joint proxy statement/prospectus is qualified in its entirety by reference to the underlying documents. 137 Viacom Class A and Class B common stock are listed on the NYSE and were previously listed on the American Stock Exchange. Reports, proxy statements and other information concerning Viacom can be inspected at the offices of the NYSE, 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005 and the American Stock Exchange, 86 Trinity Place, New York, New York 10006. CBS common stock is listed on the NYSE, the Chicago Stock Exchange, the Boston Stock Exchange, the Philadelphia Stock Exchange and the Pacific Stock Exchange. Reports, proxy statements and other information concerning CBS can also be inspected at the offices of the NYSE. This joint proxy statement/prospectus incorporates documents by reference that are not included as part of this document. Viacom and CBS undertake to provide, without charge, to each person, including any beneficial owner of Viacom Class A common stock, Viacom Class B common stock and CBS Common Stock, to whom a copy of this joint proxy statement/prospectus has been delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of any and all of the documents that have been incorporated into this document by reference, other than exhibits to those documents unless the exhibits are specifically incorporated into this document by reference. Requests for these documents should be directed, in the case of documents relating to Viacom or any of its subsidiaries, to Viacom Inc., 1515 Broadway, 53rd Floor, New York, New York 10036, Attention: Investor Relations, phone number: (212) 258-6700, and, in the case of documents relating to CBS or any of its subsidiaries, to CBS Corporation, 51 W. 52nd Street, New York, New York 10019, Attention: Secretary, phone number:(212) 975- 4321. In order to ensure timely delivery of requested documents, requests should be made by December 13, 1999. The following documents, which have been filed with the SEC by Viacom (File No. 1-9553) and CBS (File No. 1-977), are incorporated into this document by reference: Viacom (a) the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Viacom for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998; (b) the Viacom Quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 1999, June 30, 1999 and September 30, 1999; (c) the Current Reports on Form 8-K of Viacom filed May 18, 1999, June 24, 1999, September 8, 1999, as amended, and October 12, 1999; and (d) the definitive Proxy Statement filed on April 16, 1999, in connection with Viacom's 1999 Annual Meeting. CBS (a) the Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended by Form 10-K/A, of CBS for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998; (b) the CBS Quarterly report on Form 10-Q, as amended by Form 10-Q/A, for the period ended March 31, 1999, the CBS Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 1999 and the CBS Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 1999; (c) the Current Reports on Form 8-K of CBS filed January 29, 1999, February 5, 1999, April 1, 1999, April 13, 1999, April 30, 1999, June 4, 1999, June 28, 1999, July 30, 1999, August 4, 1999, September 8, 1999, September 15, 1999, October 8, 1999 (in respect of the Viacom/CBS merger), October 12, 1999, October 29, 1999, November 2, 1999 and November 5, 1999; (d) the Current Report on Form 8-K of CBS filed on November 22, 1999 which includes King World's consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as of August 31, 1999 and 1998 and for the three years ended August 31, 1999; (e) the description of CBS common stock contained in CBS' registration statement on Form 10 dated May 15, 1935; and (f) the definitive Proxy Statement filed on March 25, 1999, in connection with CBS' 1999 Annual Meeting. 138 All references within this document to: (a) the Form 10-K of CBS for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998, refer to that Form 10-K as amended by the Form 10-K/A; and (b) the Form 10-Q of CBS for the period ended March 31, 1999, refer to that Form 10-Q as amended by the Form 10-Q/A. All documents filed by Viacom and CBS according to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, after the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus and prior to the date of the special shareholders' meetings are incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus and are considered a part of this joint proxy statement/prospectus from the date of filing of those documents. Any statement contained within this joint proxy statement/prospectus or in any document incorporated by reference will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this joint proxy statement/prospectus to the extent that the statement contained in this joint proxy statement/prospectus or in any subsequently filed document that also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus modifies or supersedes that statement. Statements so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this joint proxy statement/prospectus. No person has been authorized to give any information or to make any representation other than as contained in this joint proxy statement/prospectus in connection with the Viacom Class B common stock to be issued in connection with the merger and, if given or made, the information or representation must not be relied upon as having been authorized. This joint proxy statement/prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to purchase securities in any jurisdiction in which, or to any person to whom, it would be unlawful to make such an offer or solicitation. Neither the delivery of this joint proxy statement/prospectus nor any distribution of the securities offered hereunder shall, under any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no change in the affairs of Viacom or CBS since the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus or that the information contained in this joint proxy statement/prospectus is correct as of any time subsequent to that date. All information in this joint proxy statement/prospectus regarding Viacom has been provided by Viacom, and all information regarding CBS has been provided by CBS. 139 ANNEX C VIACOM INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS ARTICLE I Offices Section 1. The registered office shall be in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, State of Delaware. Section 2. The Corporation may also have offices at such other places both within and without the state of Delaware as the board of directors may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require. ARTICLE II Meetings of Stockholders Section 1. Meetings of stockholders may be held at such time and place, within or without the State of Delaware, as shall be stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof. The annual meeting of stockholders may be held at such place, within or without the State of Delaware, as shall be designated by the board of directors and stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof. Section 2. The annual meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting shall be held at such date and hour as shall be determined by the board of directors or, in the absence of such determination, on the third Thursday of the ninth month after the month end most nearly coinciding with the close of the fiscal year of the Corporation. Section 3. Written notice of the annual meeting stating the place, date and hour of the meeting shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting. Section 4. The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept open at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. Section 5. Special meetings of the stockholders, for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by statute or by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, may be called by the affirmative vote of a majority of the board of directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the Vice Chairman of the Board or the President and Chief Operating Officer and shall be called by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the Vice Chairman of the Board, the President and Chief Operating Officer or Secretary at the request in writing of the holders of record of at least 50.1% of the aggregate voting power of C-1 all outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of Directors, acting together as a single class. Such request shall state the purpose or purposes of the proposed meeting. Section 6. Written notice of a special meeting stating the place, date and hour of the meeting and the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be given not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting. Section 7. Business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders shall be limited to the purposes stated in the notice. Section 8. The holders of a majority of the aggregate voting power of the shares of the capital stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the transaction of business except as otherwise provided by statute or by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have the power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or represented. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally notified. If the adjournment is for more than thirty days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. Section 9. When a quorum is present at any meeting, the vote of the holders of a majority of the aggregate voting power of the shares of the capital stock having voting power present in person or represented by proxy shall decide any question brought before such meeting, unless the question is one upon which, by provision of applicable law or of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, a different vote is required in which case such express provision shall govern and control the decision of such question. Section 10. At every meeting of the stockholders, each stockholder shall be entitled to vote, in person or by proxy executed in writing by the stockholder or his duly authorized attorney-in-fact, each share of the capital stock having voting power held by such stockholder in accordance with the provisions of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation and, if applicable, the certificate of designations relating thereto, but no proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. Section 11. Any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation, or any action which may be taken at any annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by stockholders representing not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such actions at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. Prompt notice of the taking of such action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing. The Secretary shall file such consents with the minutes of the meetings of the stockholders. Section 12. At all meetings of stockholders, the chairman of the meeting shall have absolute authority over matters of procedure, and there shall be no appeal from the ruling of the chairman. Section 13. Attendance of a stockholder, in person or by proxy, at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where the stockholder, in person or by proxy, attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. C-2 ARTICLE III Directors Section 1. The number of directors which shall constitute the entire Board of Directors shall be fixed as set forth in Article XIII of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, and shall not be less than three nor more than eighteen. Directors shall have such qualifications as may be prescribed by these by-laws. Directors need not be stockholders. If required by regulations of the Federal Communications Commission, each director shall be a citizen of the United States of America. Section 2. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock or any other class of capital stock of the corporation then outstanding (other than the Common Stock), and subject to Article XIII of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, vacancies in the board of directors for any reason, including by reason of an increase in the authorized number of directors, shall, if occurring prior to the expiration of the term of office in which the vacancy occurs, be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and the directors so chosen shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders of the Corporation or until their successors are duly elected and shall qualify, unless sooner displaced. Subject to Article XIII of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, if there are no directors in office, then an election of directors may be held in the manner provided by statute. Section 3. The property and business of the Corporation shall be controlled and managed in accordance with the terms of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation by its board of directors which may, subject to Article XIII of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, exercise all such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or by these by-laws directed or required to be exercised or done by the stockholders. MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS Section 4. The board of directors of the Corporation, or any committees thereof, may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of Delaware. Section 5. A regular annual meeting of the board of directors, including newly elected directors, shall be held immediately after each annual meeting of stockholders at the place of such stockholders' meeting, and no notice of such meeting to the directors shall be necessary in order legally to constitute the meeting, provided a quorum shall be present. If such meeting is held at any other time or place, notice thereof must be given or waived as hereinafter provided for special meetings of the board of directors. Section 6. Additional regular meetings of the board of directors shall be held on such dates and at such times and at such places as shall from time to time be determined by the board of directors. Section 7. The Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, Vice Chairman of the Board or the President and Chief Operating Officer of the Corporation and the Secretary may call a special meeting of the board of directors at any time by giving notice, specifying the business to be transacted at and the purpose or purposes of the meeting, to each member of the board at least twenty-four (24) hours before the time appointed. Section 8. At all meetings of the board a majority of the full board of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the board of directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute, the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the board of directors, the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present. C-3 Section 9. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the board of directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the board or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing, setting forth the action so taken, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the board or committee. Section 10. Unless otherwise restricted by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, members of the board of directors, or any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting of the board of directors, or any committee, by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment whereby all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting. COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS Section 11. Designation of Committees. Subject to Article XIII of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the board of directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole board, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. Subject to Article XIII of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the board of directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. Section 12. Vacancies. Subject to Article XIII of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, in the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the board of directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Section 13. Powers. Subject to Article XIII of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the board of directors, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the board of directors to the extent provided by Section 141(c) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware as it exists now or may hereafter be amended. Section 14. Each committee of the board of directors shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the board of directors when required. COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS Subject to Article XIII of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation: Section 15. Unless otherwise restricted by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, the board of directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors. All directors may be paid their expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the board of directors, and directors who are not full-time employees of the Corporation may be paid a fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the board of directors and/or a stated salary as director. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. Members of special or standing committees may be allowed like compensation and expenses for attending committee meetings. REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS Subject to Article XIII of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation: Section 16. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock or any other class of capital stock of the Corporation (other than the Common Stock) then outstanding, (a) any director, or the entire C-4 board of directors, may be removed from office at any time prior to the expiration of his term of office, with or without cause, only by the affirmative vote of the holders of record of outstanding shares representing at least a majority of all of the aggregate voting power of outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation then entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class at a special meeting of stockholders called expressly for that purpose; provided that, any director may be removed from office by the affirmative vote of a majority of the entire board of directors, at any time prior to the expiration of his term of office, as provided by law, in the event a director fails to meet the qualifications stated in these by-laws for election as a director or in the event such director is in breach of any agreement between such director and the Corporation relating to such director's service as a director or employee of the Corporation. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS Section 17. The Corporation shall have the right to indemnify directors, officers and agents of the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law of Delaware and by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as both may be amended from time to time. ARTICLE IV Notices Section 1. Whenever, under the provisions of applicable law or of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or of these by-laws, notice is required to be given to any director or stockholder, it shall be construed to mean written or printed notice given either personally or by mail or wire addressed to such director or stockholder, at his address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, with postage or other charges thereon prepaid, and such notice shall be deemed to be given at the time when the same shall be deposited in the United States mail or at the appropriate office for transmission by wire. Notice to directors may also be given by telephone. Section 2. Whenever any notice is required to be given under the provisions of applicable law or of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or of these by-laws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto. Section 3. Attendance at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice except where a director or shareholder attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Section 4. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular meeting of the board of directors need be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting. ARTICLE V Officers Subject to Article XIII of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation: Section 1. The officers of the Corporation shall be elected by the board of directors at its first meeting after each annual meeting of the stockholders and shall be a President and Chief Operating Officer, a Treasurer and a Secretary. The board of directors may also elect a Chairman of the Board, a Chief Executive Officer, one or more Vice Chairmen of the Board and Vice Presidents and one or more Assistant Treasurers and Assistant Secretaries. Any number of offices may be held by the same person, except that the offices of President and Chief Operating Officer and Secretary shall not be held by the same person. Vice Presidents may be given distinctive designations such as Executive Vice President or Senior Vice President. Every officer shall be a citizen of the United States of America. C-5 Section 2. The board of directors may elect such other officers and agents as it shall deem necessary who shall hold their offices for such terms and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be determined from time to time by the board of directors. Section 3. The officers of the Corporation shall hold office until their successors are elected or appointed and qualify or until their earlier resignation or removal. Any officer elected or appointed by the board of directors may be removed at any time with or without cause by the affirmative vote of a majority of the whole board of directors. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation shall be filled by the board of directors. CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD Section 4. The Chairman of the Board, if any shall be elected, shall preside at all meetings of the board of directors and the stockholders and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be assigned to him by the board of directors. VICE CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD Section 5. The Vice Chairman of the Board, if any shall be elected, or if there be more than one, the Vice Chairmen of the Board in order of their election, shall, in the absence of the Chairman of the Board, or in the case the Chairman of the Board shall resign, retire, become deceased or otherwise cease or be unable to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Chairman of the Board. In addition, the Vice Chairman of the Board shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be assigned to him by the board of directors. THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER Section 6. The Chief Executive Officer shall be responsible, in consultation with the President and Chief Operating Officer, for corporate policy and strategy. The President and Chief Operating Officer shall consult on all major decisions with, and shall report directly to, the Chief Executive Officer; provided, however, that the Chief Executive Officer shall not exercise any powers, rights, functions or responsibilities of the President and Chief Operating Officer unless Mel Karmazin is the Chief Executive Officer. THE PRESIDENT AND CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER Section 7. Subject to Article XIII of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation and to the requirement that the President and Chief Operating Officer consult with the Chief Executive Officer on all major decisions, the President and Chief Operating Officer shall be responsible for: (i) supervising, coordinating and managing the Corporation's business, operations and activities, operating expenses and capital allocation; (ii) matters relating to officers (other than the Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer and the President and Chief Operating Officer) and employees, including, without limitation, hiring, terminating, changing positions and allocation of responsibilities of such officers and employees; (iii) substantially all of the powers, rights, functions and responsibilities typically exercised by a chief operating officer; and (iv) all officers (other than the Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer and the President and Chief Operating Officer) will report, directly or indirectly, to the President and Chief Operating Officer. C-6 THE VICE-PRESIDENTS Section 8. The Vice-Presidents shall have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be assigned to them by the board of directors or the President and Chief Operating Officer. THE SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Section 9. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the board of directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all the proceedings of the meetings of the Corporation and of the board of directors in a book to be kept for that purpose and shall perform like duties for the standing committees of the board of directors when required. He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the board of directors, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors or the President and Chief Operating Officer, under whose supervision he shall be. He shall have custody of the corporate seal of the Corporation and he, or an Assistant Secretary, shall have authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it and when so affixed, it may be attested by his signature or by the signature of such Assistant Secretary. The board of directors may give general authority to any other officer to affix the seal of the Corporation and to attest the affixing by his signature. Section 10. The Assistant Secretary, if any shall be elected, or if there be more than one, the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by the board of directors (or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their election), shall, in the absence of the Secretary or in the event of his inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be assigned to them by the board of directors or the President and Chief Operating Officer. THE TREASURER AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS Section 11. The Treasurer, under the supervision of the President and Chief Operating Officer, shall have charge of the corporate funds and securities and shall keep or cause to be kept full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositaries as may be designated by or at the direction of the board of directors. Section 12. The Treasurer shall disburse or cause to be disbursed the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by or at the direction of the President and Chief Operating Officer or the board of directors, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and subject to the supervision of the President and Chief Operating Officer, shall render to the board of directors, when they or either of them so require, an account of his transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation. Section 13. If required by the board of directors, the Treasurer shall give the Corporation a bond in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the board of directors for the faithful performance of the duties of his office and for the restoration to the Corporation, in case of his death, resignation, retirement or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in his possession or under his control belonging to the Corporation. Section 14. The Assistant Treasurer, if any shall be elected, or if there shall be more than one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order determined by the board of directors (or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their election), shall, in the absence of the Treasurer or in the event of his inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be assigned to them by the board of directors. C-7 Section 15. In addition to the corporate officers elected by the board of directors pursuant to this Article V, the President and Chief Operating Officer may, from time to time, appoint one or more other persons as appointed officers who shall not be deemed to be corporate officers, but may, respectively, be designated with such titles as the President and Chief Operating Officer may deem appropriate. The President and Chief Operating Officer may prescribe the powers to be exercised and the duties to be performed by each such appointed officer, may designate the term for which each such appointment is made, and may, from time to time, terminate any or all of such appointments. Such appointments and termination of appointments shall be reported to the board of directors. ARTICLE VI Certificates of Stock Section 1. Every holder of shares of capital stock in the Corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate sealed with the seal of the Corporation and signed by, or in the name of the Corporation by, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, Vice Chairman of the Board or the President and Chief Operating Officer and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation, certifying the number of shares owned by him in the Corporation. If the Corporation shall be authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, the designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate which the Corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock, provided that, except as otherwise provided in section 202 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, in lieu of the foregoing requirements, there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate which the Corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock, a statement that the Corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. Section 2. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. LOST CERTIFICATES Section 3. The board of directors may direct a new certificate or certificates to be issued in place of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of capital stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or certificates, the board of directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate or certificates, or his legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner as it shall require and/or to give the Corporation a bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed. TRANSFERS OF STOCK Section 4. Upon surrender to the Corporation or the transfer agent of the Corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignation or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the Corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books. C-8 FIXING RECORD DATE Section 5. In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution, or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the board of directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such meetings, nor more than sixty days prior to any other action. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the board of directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting. REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS Section 6. The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls and assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware. ARTICLE VII General Provisions Dividends Section 1. Dividends upon the capital stock of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of the certificate of incorporation, if any, may be declared by the board of directors at any regular or special meeting, pursuant to law. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property or in shares of the capital stock, subject to the provisions of any statute, the Restated Certificate of Incorporation and these by-laws. Section 2. Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the Corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the directors from time to time, in their absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation, or for such other purposes as the directors shall think conducive to the interest of the Corporation, and the directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created. ANNUAL STATEMENT Section 3. The board of directors shall present at each annual meeting, and at any special meeting of the stockholders when called for by vote of the stockholders, a full and clear statement of the business and condition of the Corporation. CHECKS Section 4. All checks or demands for money of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or persons as the board of directors may from time to time designate. C-9 FISCAL YEAR Section 5. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be as specified by the board of directors. SEAL Section 6. The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation, the year of its organization and the words "Corporate Seal, Delaware". The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise. CONTRACTS Section 7. An Officer of the Corporation may sign any note, bond, or mortgage of the Corporation in furtherance of the Corporation's ordinary business and in order to implement any action authorized by these by-laws. ARTICLE VIII Restated Certificate of Incorporation In addition to all other provisions of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, and notwithstanding that these by-laws may contain any provision contrary thereto, these by-laws shall be subject in all respects to Article XIII of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation. ARTICLE IX Amendments In furtherance of and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the board of directors of the Corporation from time to time may make, amend, alter, change or repeal the by-laws of the Corporation; provided, that any by- laws made, amended, altered, changed or repealed by the board of directors or the stockholders of the Corporation may be amended, altered, changed or repealed, and that any by-laws may be made, by the stockholders of the Corporation. Notwithstanding any other provisions of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation or these by-laws (and notwithstanding the fact that a lesser percentage may be specified by law, the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws), the affirmative vote of not less than a majority of the aggregate voting power of all outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation then entitled to vote generally in this election of Directors, voting together as a single class, shall be required for the stockholders of the Corporation to amend, alter, change, repeal or adopt any by-laws of the Corporation. C-10 ANNEX D VOTING AGREEMENT By NATIONAL AMUSEMENTS, INC. (Stockholder) and CBS CORPORATION Dated as of September 6, 1999 D-1 VOTING AGREEMENT VOTING AGREEMENT, dated as of September 6, 1999 (this "Agreement"), by NATIONAL AMUSEMENTS, INC., a Maryland corporation (the "Stockholder"), to and for the benefit of CBS CORPORATION, a Pennsylvania corporation ("CBS"). WHEREAS, as of the date hereof, the Stockholder owns of record and beneficially 93,658,988 shares of Class A Common Stock (the "Viacom Class A Common Stock"; such shares, together with any shares of Viacom Class A Common Stock and any other shares of voting stock of Viacom acquired by the Stockholder prior to the termination of this Agreement being referred to herein as the "Stockholder's Shares"), par value $.01 per share, of VIACOM, INC., a Delaware corporation ("Viacom"); WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, CBS and Viacom are entering into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of the date hereof (the "Merger Agreement"; capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings assigned to them in the Merger Agreement), pursuant to which, upon the terms and subject to the conditions thereof, CBS will be merged with and into Viacom (the "Merger"); and WHEREAS, as a condition to the willingness of Viacom and CBS to enter into the Merger Agreement, CBS has requested the Stockholder to agree, and in order to induce CBS to enter into the Merger Agreement, the Stockholder is willing to agree, to vote in favor of the Viacom Proposals (as defined in the Merger Agreement), upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereby agree as follows: Section 1. Voting of Stockholder's Shares. Until the termination of this Agreement in accordance with the terms hereof, the Stockholder hereby agrees that, at the Viacom Stockholders' Meeting or any other meeting of the stockholders of Viacom, however called, and in any action by written consent of the stockholders of Viacom, the Stockholder will vote all of the Stockholder's Shares (i) in favor of the Viacom Proposals and (ii) against any action, proposal or agreement that would or could reasonably be expected to result in a breach of any covenant, representation or warranty or any other obligation or agreement of Viacom under the Merger Agreement or which would or could reasonably be expected to result in any of the conditions to the Merger Agreement not being fulfilled. Section 2. No Inconsistent Agreements. The Stockholder hereby covenants and agrees that, except as contemplated by this Agreement and the Merger Agreement, the Stockholder shall not enter into any voting agreement or grant a proxy or power of attorney with respect to the Stockholder's Shares which is inconsistent with this Agreement. Section 3. Transfer of Stockholder's Shares. The Stockholder hereby covenants and agrees that the Stockholder shall not transfer record or beneficial ownership of any of the Stockholder's Shares unless the transferee unconditionally agrees in writing to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Section 4. Representations and Warranties of Stockholder. The Stockholder hereby represents and warrants to CBS as follows: (a) Authority Relative to This Agreement. The Stockholder has all necessary power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Stockholder and the consummation by the Stockholder of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly and validly authorized by the Board of Directors of the Stockholder, and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Stockholder are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate such transactions. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Stockholder and, assuming the due D-2 authorization, execution and delivery by CBS, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Stockholder, enforceable against the Stockholder in accordance with its terms. (b) No Conflict. (i) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Stockholder do not, and the performance of this Agreement by the Stockholder shall not, (A) conflict with or violate the Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws or equivalent organizational documents of the Stockholder, (B) conflict with or violate any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree applicable to the Stockholder or by which the Stockholder's Shares are bound or affected or (C) result in any breach of or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, or result in the creation of a lien or encumbrance on any of the Stockholder's Shares pursuant to, any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, contract, agreement, lease, license, permit, franchise or other instrument or obligation to which the Stockholder is a party or by which the Stockholder or the Stockholder's Shares are bound or affected, except, in the case of clauses (B) and (C), for any such conflicts, violations, breaches, defaults or other occurrences which would not prevent or delay the performance by the Stockholder of its obligations under this Agreement. (ii) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Stockholder do not, and the performance of this Agreement by the Stockholder shall not, require any consent, approval, authorization or permit of, or filing with or notification to, any Governmental Entity except for applicable requirements, if any, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and except where the failure to obtain such consents, approvals, authorizations or permits, or to make such filings or notifications, would not prevent or delay the performance by the Stockholder of its obligations under this Agreement. (c) Title to the Shares. As of the date hereof, the Stockholder is the record and beneficial owner of 93,658,988 shares of Viacom Class A Common Stock. The Stockholder's Shares are all the voting securities of Viacom owned, either of record or beneficially, by the Stockholder. The Stockholder's Shares are owned free and clear of all security interests, liens, claims, pledges, options, rights of first refusal, agreements, limitations on the Stockholder's voting rights, charges and other encumbrances of any nature whatsoever. The Stockholder has not appointed or granted any proxy, which appointment or grant is still effective, with respect to the Stockholder's Shares. Section 5. Termination. This Agreement shall terminate upon the earlier to occur of (a) the Effective Time and (b) the termination of the Merger Agreement in accordance with the terms thereof. No such termination of this Agreement shall relieve any party hereto from any liability for any breach of this Agreement prior to termination. Section 6. Notices. All notices, requests, claims, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given or made (and shall be deemed to have been duly given or made upon receipt) by delivery in person, by facsimile, by courier service or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the respective parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified in a notice given in accordance with this Section 6): if to the Stockholder: National Amusements, Inc. 200 Elm Street Dedham, Massachusetts 02026 Telecopier No.: (781) 461-1412 Attention: General Counsel D-3 with a copy to: Shearman & Sterling 599 Lexington Avenue New York, New York 10022 Telecopier No.: (212) 848-7179 Attention: Creighton O'M. Condon, Esq. and Stephen R. Volk, Esq. if to CBS: CBS Corporation 51 West 52nd Street 35th Floor New York, New York 10019 Telecopier No.: (212) 597-4031 Attention: Louis J. Briskman, Esq. Executive Vice President and General Counsel with copies to: Cravath, Swaine & Moore 825 Eighth Avenue New York, New York 10019 Telecopier No.: (212) 474-3700 Attention: Allen Finkelson, Esq. and Scott A. Barshay, Esq. Section 7. Severability. If any term or other provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of Law, or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of this Agreement is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon such determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible. Section 8. Entire Agreement; Assignment. This Agreement and the Merger Agreement constitute the entire agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior agreements and undertakings, both written and oral, among the parties, or any of them, with respect to the subject matter hereof. Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations under this Agreement shall be assigned, in whole or in part, by operation of law or otherwise, by either of the parties hereto without the prior written consent of the other party hereto. Any purported assignment in violation of this Section 8 shall be void. Subject to the preceding sentences of this Section 8, this Agreement will be binding upon, inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns. Section 9. Parties in Interest; Certain Events. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of each party hereto, and nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other person any right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement. The Stockholder agrees that this Agreement and the obligations hereunder shall attach to the Stockholder's Shares and shall be binding upon any person or entity to which legal or beneficial ownership of the Stockholder's Shares shall pass, whether by operation of law or otherwise. In the event of any stock split, stock dividend, merger, reorganization, recapitalization or other change in the capital structure of Viacom D-4 affecting the capital stock of Viacom, or the acquisition of additional shares of Viacom Class A Common Stock or other voting securities of Viacom by the Stockholder, the number of Stockholder's Shares shall be adjusted appropriately and this Agreement and the obligations hereunder shall attach to any additional shares of Viacom Class A Common Stock or other voting securities of Viacom issued to or acquired by the Stockholder. Section 10. Specific Performance. The parties hereto agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event any provision of this Agreement was not performed in accordance with the terms hereof and that the parties shall be entitled to specific performance of the terms hereof, in addition to any other remedy at law or equity. Section 11. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to any principles of conflicts of laws of such State. Section 12. Consent to Jurisdiction. (a) Each of the Stockholder and CBS hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Delaware and to the jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the State of Delaware, for the purpose of any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement and each of CBS and the Stockholder hereby irrevocably agrees that all claims in respect to such action or proceeding shall be heard and determined exclusively in any Delaware state or federal court. Each of CBS and the Stockholder agrees that a final judgment in any action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. (b) Each of CBS and the Stockholder irrevocably consents to the service of the summons and complaint and any other process in any other action or proceeding relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, on behalf of itself or its property, by personal delivery of copies of such process to such party. Nothing in this Section 12 shall affect the right of any party to serve legal process in any other manner permitted by law. Section 13. Headings. The descriptive headings contained in this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Section 14. Amendments. This Agreement may be amended or modified, and the terms and conditions hereof may be waived, only by a written instrument signed by the parties hereto or, in the case of a waiver, by each party waiving compliance. Section 15. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile transmission) in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Section 16. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH OF CBS AND THE STOCKHOLDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE ACTIONS OF CBS AND THE STOCKHOLDER IN THE NEGOTIATION, ADMINISTRATION, PERFORMANCE AND ENFORCEMENT THEREOF. D-5 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties hereto has caused this Agreement to be executed as of the date first written above by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized. National Amusements, Inc. /s/ Sumner M. Redstone By___________________________________ Name: Sumner M. Redstone Title: Chairman, President & Chief Executive Officer CBS Corporation /s/ Fredric G. Reynolds By___________________________________ Name: Fredric G. Reynolds Title: Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer D-6 ANNEX E STOCKHOLDER AGREEMENT By NATIONAL AMUSEMENTS, INC. (Stockholder) and CBS CORPORATION Dated as of September 6, 1999 E-1 STOCKHOLDER AGREEMENT STOCKHOLDER AGREEMENT, dated as of September 6, 1999 (this "Agreement"), by NATIONAL AMUSEMENTS, INC., a Maryland corporation (the "Stockholder"), to and for the benefit of CBS CORPORATION, a Pennsylvania corporation ("CBS"), and its assigns by operation of law. WHEREAS, as of the date hereof, the Stockholder owns of record and beneficially 93,658,988 shares of Class A Common Stock (the "Viacom Class A Common Stock"; such shares, together with any shares of Viacom Class A Common Stock and any other shares of voting stock of Viacom (together with the Viacom Class A Common Stock, the "Voting Stock") acquired by the Stockholder during the Specified Period (as defined in Section 1 of this Agreement) being collectively referred to herein as the "Stockholder's Shares"), par value $.01 per share, of VIACOM INC., a Delaware corporation ("Viacom"); WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, CBS and Viacom are entering into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of the date hereof (the "Merger Agreement"; capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings assigned to them in the Merger Agreement), pursuant to which, upon the terms and subject to the conditions thereof, CBS will be merged with and into Viacom (the "Merger"); and WHEREAS, as a condition to the willingness of Viacom and CBS to enter into the Merger Agreement, CBS has requested the Stockholder to enter into this Agreement. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereby agree as follows: Section 1. Definitions. As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings: (a) "CBS Directors" shall mean (i) eight (8) of those directors serving as members of the Board of Directors of CBS on the date of this Agreement (or any Independent Directors elected or appointed prior to the Effective Time to serve as a CBS Director) who are designated as such by the Board of Directors of CBS prior to the Effective Time and (ii) any Replacement CBS Director. (b) "Independent Director" shall mean a disinterested, independent person (determined in accordance with customary standards for independent directors applicable to U.S. public companies). (c) "Replacement CBS Director" shall mean a person qualifying as an Independent Director and designated by a majority of the CBS Directors remaining on the Board of Directors of Viacom to fill a seat on the Board of Directors of Viacom vacated by a CBS Director or such a seat with respect to which a CBS Director does not seek reelection. (d) "Specified Independent Directors" shall mean the directors of Viacom first elected after 1993 and who are not management of Viacom or the Stockholder (together with any replacements of such persons). (e) "Specified Period" shall mean the period of three years commencing at the Effective Time. Section 2. Covenants of the Stockholder. (a) The Stockholder shall cause to be nominated and elected each CBS Director, including any Replacement CBS Director, so that there are eight CBS Directors on the Board of Directors of Viacom at all times; (b) the Stockholder shall take all action necessary to ensure that any seat on the Board of Directors of Viacom vacated by a CBS Director or such a seat with respect to which a CBS Director elects not to seek reelection is filled by a Replacement CBS Director immediately following the designation of such person as such and notice thereof to the Stockholder; E-2 (c) the Stockholder shall take all action necessary to ensure that no CBS Director is removed as a director of Viacom unless such removal is for cause and is approved by at least 14 members of the Board of Directors of Viacom; (d) in the event that any Specified Independent Director shall resign, vacate his directorship, fail to stand as a director, fail to be elected as a director, or otherwise be removed as or for any reason cease to be a director of Viacom, the Stockholder shall take all necessary action to cause such Specified Independent Director to be replaced by an Independent Director; provided that any such replacement Specified Independent Director shall be the chief executive officer, chief operating officer or chief financial officer or former chief executive officer of a Fortune 500 company or a non-U.S. public company of comparable size; (e) unless approved by a vote of at least 14 members of the Board of Directors of Viacom, the Stockholder shall not take any action to amend, modify or repeal Article XIII of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Viacom (in the form attached as Exhibit A-1 of the Merger Agreement) or Article VIII of the By-laws of Viacom (in the form attached as Exhibit A-2 of the Merger Agreement), or otherwise vote in favor of or take any action or fail to take any action which would have the effect of eliminating, limiting, restricting, avoiding or otherwise modifying the effect of any provision contained therein (e.g., by creating a holding company structure if the certificate of incorporation or similar document of such holding company does not contain equivalent provisions). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Stockholder further agrees to take all necessary action to ensure that such provisions shall be applicable to (i) any successor to Viacom as the result of a merger, consolidation or other business combination, whether or not Viacom is the surviving corporation in such transaction, or otherwise and (ii) any corporation or other entity with respect to which Viacom or its successor is or becomes a direct or indirect subsidiary, and the Stockholder shall take all necessary action to ensure that Viacom shall not be a party to any transaction which would not comply with the provisions of this paragraph (e) unless such transaction is approved by a vote of at least 14 members of the Board of Directors of Viacom; (f) the Stockholder shall take all necessary action, including without limitation by voting and/or holding the Stockholder's Shares, to ensure that the Stockholder or transferees thereof (in accordance with Section 4 of this Agreement) owns, beneficially and of record, on an outstanding and fully diluted basis, a majority of the shares of Voting Stock, at all times (and refrain from taking any action that would have the opposite result); and (g) each of the CBS Directors are intended third-party beneficiaries of this Agreement and shall have the right to enforce the provisions of this Agreement. Section 3. No Inconsistent Agreements. The Stockholder hereby covenants and agrees that the Stockholder shall not enter into any voting agreement or grant a proxy or power of attorney with respect to the Stockholder's Shares which is inconsistent with this Agreement. Section 4. Transfer of Stockholder's Shares. The Stockholder hereby covenants and agrees that the Stockholder shall not transfer record or beneficial ownership of any of the Stockholder's Shares unless the transferee unconditionally agrees in writing to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Section 5. Representations and Warranties of Stockholder. The Stockholder hereby represents and warrants to CBS as follows: (a) Authority Relative to This Agreement. The Stockholder has all necessary power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Stockholder and the consummation by the Stockholder of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly and validly authorized by the Board of Directors of the Stockholder, and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Stockholder are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate such transactions. This E-3 Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Stockholder and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery by CBS, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Stockholder, enforceable against the Stockholder in accordance with its terms. (b) No Conflict. (i) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Stockholder do not, and the performance of this Agreement by the Stockholder shall not, (A) conflict with or violate the Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws or equivalent organizational documents of the Stockholder, (B) conflict with or violate any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree applicable to the Stockholder or by which the Stockholder's Shares are bound or affected or (C) result in any breach of or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of or result in the creation of a lien or encumbrance on any of the Stockholder's Shares pursuant to, any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, contract, agreement, lease, license, permit, franchise or other instrument or obligation to which the Stockholder is a party or by which the Stockholder or the Stockholder's Shares are bound or affected, except, in the case of clauses (B) and (C), for any such conflicts, violations, breaches, defaults or other occurrences which would not prevent or delay the performance by the Stockholder of its obligations under this Agreement. (ii) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Stockholder do not, and the performance of this Agreement by the Stockholder shall not, require any consent, approval, authorization or permit of, or filing with or notification to, any Governmental Entity except for applicable requirements, if any, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and except where the failure to obtain such consents, approvals, authorizations or permits, or to make such filings or notifications, would not prevent or delay the performance by the Stockholder of its obligations under this Agreement. (c) Title to the Shares. As of the date hereof, the Stockholder is the record and beneficial owner of 93,658,988 shares of Viacom Class A Common Stock. The Stockholder's Shares are all the voting securities of Viacom owned, either of record or beneficially, by the Stockholder. The Stockholder's Shares are owned free and clear of all security interests, liens, claims, pledges, options, rights of first refusal, agreements, limitations on the Stockholders voting rights, charges and other encumbrances of any nature whatsoever. The Stockholder has the sole right to vote and transfer the Stockholder's Shares, and the Stockholder has not appointed or granted any proxy, which appointment or grant is still effective, with respect to the Stockholder's Shares. Section 6. Effectiveness; Termination. This Agreement shall become effective as of the date of this Agreement, provided that the Stockholder shall have no obligation under Section 2(a), (b), (c) and (e) until the commencement of the Specified Period. This Agreement shall terminate at the close of business on the final day of the Specified Period. Section 7. Notices. All notices, requests, claims, demand and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be given or made (and shall be deemed to have been duly given or made upon receipt) by delivery in Person, by facsimile, by courier service or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the respective parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified in a notice given in accordance with this Section 7): if to Stockholder National Amusements, Inc. 200 Elm Street Dedham, MA 02026 Telecopier No.: (781) 461-1412 Attention: General Counsel E-4 with copies to: Shearman & Sterling 599 Lexington Avenue New York, New York 10022 Telecopier No.: (212) 848-7179 Attention: Creighton O'M. Condon, Esq. and Stephen R. Volk, Esq. if to CBS: CBS Corporation 51 West 52nd Street 35th Floor New York, New York 10019 Telecopier No.: (212) 597-4031 Attention: Louis J. Briskman, Esq. Executive Vice President and General Counsel with copies to: Cravath, Swaine & Moore 825 Eighth Avenue New York, New York 10019 Telecopier No.: (212) 474-3700 Attention: Allen Finkelson, Esq. and Scott A. Barshay, Esq. Section 8. Severability. If any term or other provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of Law, or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of this Agreement is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon such determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible. Section 9. Entire Agreement; Assignment. This Agreement and the Merger Agreement constitute the entire agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior agreements and undertakings, both written and oral, among the parties, or any of them, with respect to the subject matter hereof. Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations under this Agreement shall be assigned, in whole or in part, by either of the parties hereto without the prior written consent of the other party hereto, except that CBS may assign, its rights, interests and obligations under this Agreement to Viacom by operation of law. Any purported assignment in violation of this Section 9 shall be void. Section 10. Parties in Interest; Certain Events. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of each party hereto, and nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other person any right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement except as set forth in Section 2(g). The Stockholder agrees that this Agreement and the obligations hereunder shall attach to the Stockholder's Shares and shall be binding upon any person or entity to which legal or beneficial ownership of the Stockholder's Shares shall pass, whether by operation of law or otherwise, including the Stockholder's heirs, guardians, administrators or successors. In the event of any stock E-5 split, stock dividend, merger, reorganization, recapitalization or other change in the capital structure of Viacom affecting the capital stock of Viacom, or the acquisition of additional shares of Viacom Class A Common Stock or other voting securities of Viacom by the Stockholder, the number of Stockholder's Shares shall be adjusted appropriately and this Agreement and the obligations hereunder shall attach to any additional shares of Viacom Class A Common Stock or other voting securities of Viacom issued to or acquired by the Stockholder. Section 11. Specific Performance. The parties hereto agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event any provision of this Agreement was not performed in accordance with the terms hereof and that the parties shall be entitled to specific performance of the terms hereof, in addition to any other remedy at law or equity. Section 12. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to any principles of conflicts of laws of such State. Section 13. Consent to Jurisdiction. (a) Each of the Stockholder and CBS hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Delaware and to the jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the State of Delaware, for the purpose of any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement and each of CBS and the Stockholder hereby irrevocably agrees that all claims in respect to such action or proceeding shall be heard and determined exclusively in any Delaware state or federal court. Each of CBS and the Stockholder agrees that a final judgment in any action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. (b) Each of CBS and the Stockholder irrevocably consents to the service of the summons and complaint and any other process in any other action or proceeding relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, on behalf of itself or its property, by personal delivery of copies of such process to such party. Nothing in this Section 13 shall affect the right of any party to serve legal process in any other manner permitted by law. Section 14. Headings. The descriptive headings contained in this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Section 15. Amendments. This Agreement may be amended or modified, and the terms and conditions hereof may be waived, only (i) by a written instrument signed by the parties hereto or, in the case of a waiver, by each party waiving compliance and (ii) after the Effective Time if any such amendment or waiver is concurred in by at least 14 members of the Board of Directors of Viacom. Section 16. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile transmission) in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Section 17. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH OF CBS AND THE STOCKHOLDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE ACTIONS OF CBS AND THE STOCKHOLDER IN THE NEGOTIATION, ADMINISTRATION, PERFORMANCE AND ENFORCEMENT THEREOF. E-6 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties hereto has caused this Agreement to be executed as of the date first written above by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized. National Amusements, Inc. /s/ Sumner M. Redstone by __________________________________ Name: Sumner M. Redstone Title: Chairman, President & Chief Executive Officer CBS Corporation /s/ Fredric G. Reynolds by __________________________________ Name: Fredric G. Reynolds Title: Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer E-7 ANNEX F VIACOM INC. September 6, 1999 Sumner M. Redstone The Carlyle Hotel Suite 3201 35 East 76th Street New York, New York 10021 Dear Mr. Redstone: This is to confirm our agreement that, effective as of the Effective Time (as defined in the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement") between Viacom Inc. ("Viacom") and CBS Corporation ("CBS"), dated as of the date hereof) (the "Effective Date"), you shall be paid the following compensation by Viacom, in addition to any compensation, benefits and perquisites you have heretofore received from Viacom. As the sole compensation for services to be rendered by you in all capacities to Viacom, its subsidiaries and affiliates, you will receive the following compensation. (a) Salary: For all the services rendered by you in any capacity to Viacom, its subsidiaries and affiliates, Viacom agrees to pay you a base salary at the rate of $1,000,000 per annum ("Salary"), payable in accordance with Viacom's then effective payroll practices. (b) Bonus Compensation: In addition to your Salary, you shall be entitled to receive bonus compensation for each of the calendar years during your employment with Viacom, determined and payable as follows ("Bonus"): (i) Your Bonus for each of the calendar years during your employment with Viacom will be based upon a measurement of performance against objectives in accordance with Viacom's Short-Term Incentive Plan and its Senior Executive Short-Term Incentive Plan, as the same may be amended from time to time (collectively, the "STIP"), which objectives shall be no less favorable to you than the objectives used to determine the amount of bonus payable to any other executive of Viacom whose bonus is based in whole or in part on corporate performance and who participates in the STIP. (ii) Your Target Bonus and Maximum Bonus opportunity for each calendar year (prorated for calendar year 2000 by multiplying such amount by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in 2000 following the Effective Date, and the denominator of which is 365) during your employment with Viacom shall be as follows:
Year Target Maximum ---- ---------- ----------- 2000.................................................. $5,000,000 $10,000,000 2001.................................................. $5,500,000 $11,000,000 2002.................................................. $6,050,000 $12,100,000 2003 and thereafter................................... $6,655,000 $13,310,000
(iii) Your Bonus for any calendar year shall be payable by February 28 of the following year. (c) Deferred Compensation: In addition to your Salary and Bonus, you shall earn, in respect of calendar year 2000 and each calendar year thereafter during your employment with Viacom, an additional amount ("Deferred Compensation"), the payment of which (together with the return thereon as provided in this paragraph (c)) shall be deferred until January of the first calendar year following the year in which you cease to be an "executive officer" of Viacom, as defined for purposes of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as F-1 amended. The amount of Deferred Compensation for calendar year 2000 shall be $2,000,000, prorated by multiplying such amount by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in 2000 following the Effective Date, and the denominator of which is 365. The amount of Deferred Compensation for calendar years 2001 through 2003 shall be subject to annual increases each January 1st, commencing January 1, 2001, in an amount equal to 10% of the sum of your Salary and Deferred Compensation for the preceding year. Deferred Compensation shall be credited to a bookkeeping account maintained by Viacom on your behalf, the balance of which account shall periodically be credited (or debited) with deemed positive (or negative) return calculated in the same manner, and at the same times, as the deemed return on your account under the excess 401(k) plan of Viacom (as such plan may be amended from time to time) is determined or, if you do not participate in such plan, with a return to be mutually agreed by the Company and you. Viacom's obligation to pay the Deferred Compensation (including the return thereon provided for in this paragraph (c)) shall be an unfunded obligation to be satisfied from the general funds of Viacom. (d) Grant: You will be awarded a grant (the "Grant") under Viacom's 1997 Long-Term Management Incentive Plan (the "1997 LTMIP") of stock options to purchase 2,000,000 shares of Viacom's Class B Common Stock, effective as of the Effective Date, with an exercise price equal to the fair-market value of Viacom's Class B Common Stock on the date of the Grant. The Grant shall vest in three equal installments on the first, second and third anniversaries of the Effective Date. Such stock options shall be subject to terms identical in all material respects to those applicable to the grant to be made to Mr. Karmazin as of the Effective Date. If you agree with the foregoing terms, please execute this letter in the space provided below and return a copy to the undersigned. VIACOM Inc. /s/ Philippe P. Dauman By: _________________________________ Philippe P. Dauman Deputy Chairman ACCEPTED AND AGREED: /s/ Sumner M. Redstone _____________________________________ Sumner M. Redstone September 6, 1999 F-2 ANNEX G VIACOM INC. September 6, 1999 Mel Karmazin 1 Central Park West New York, New York 10023 Dear Mel: Viacom Inc. ("Viacom"), having an address at 1515 Broadway, New York, New York 10036, agrees to employ you and you agree to accept such employment upon the following terms and conditions: 1. Term. The term of your employment hereunder shall commence on the Effective Time (as defined in the Agreement and Plan of Merger between Viacom and CBS Corporation ("CBS"), dated as of the date hereof (the "Merger Agreement"), pursuant to which CBS shall merge with and into Viacom) (the "Effective Date") and, unless terminated by Viacom or you pursuant to paragraph 8 hereof, shall continue through and until December 31, 2003. The period from the Effective Date through December 31, 2003 shall hereinafter be referred to as the "Employment Term," notwithstanding any earlier termination pursuant to paragraph 9. In the event that the Merger Agreement is terminated or otherwise abandoned, this Agreement shall be void ab initio. 2. Duties. During the Employment Term, you agree to devote your entire business time, attention and energies to the business of Viacom and its subsidiaries. This is not intended to prevent you from engaging in other activities that do not conflict with or interfere with the performance of your duties and responsibilities hereunder. You will be President and Chief Operating Officer of Viacom reporting directly and solely to Sumner M. Redstone, the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Viacom (the "Chairman"), and, upon the termination of the Chairman's service as Chief Executive Officer during the Employment Term, you shall be appointed the Chief Executive Officer. You will perform such duties and have such responsibilities set forth in Article XIII of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Viacom to be effective as of the Effective Date (the "Certificate of Incorporation"), a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit A. You will have such authority as is necessary for the performance of your obligations hereunder. You shall serve as a member of the Boards of Directors of Viacom and Circular. Your principal place of business shall be at Viacom's headquarters in the New York City metropolitan area and you shall not be required to relocate outside of the New York City metropolitan area. You shall be entitled to continue to serve on the corporate, charitable and educational boards of which you are a member as of the date hereof. 3. Compensation. As the sole compensation for services to be rendered by you during the Employment Term in all capacities to Viacom, its subsidiaries and affiliates, you will receive the following compensation. (a) Salary: For all the services rendered by you in any capacity to Viacom, its subsidiaries and affiliates, Viacom agrees to pay you a base salary at the rate of $1,000,000 per annum ("Salary"), payable in accordance with Viacom's then effective payroll practices. (b) Bonus Compensation: In addition to your Salary, you shall be entitled to receive bonus compensation for each of the calendar years during the Employment Term, determined and payable as follows ("Bonus"): (i) Your Bonus for each of the calendar years during the Employment Term will be based upon a measurement of performance against objectives in accordance with Viacom's Short-Term Incentive Plan and its Senior Executive Short-Term Incentive Plan, as the same may be amended from time to time G-1 (collectively, the "STIP"), which objectives shall be no less favorable to you than the objectives used to determine the amount of bonus payable to any other executive of Viacom whose bonus is based in whole or in part on corporate performance and who participates in the STIP. (ii) Your Target Bonus and Maximum Bonus opportunity for each calendar year (prorated for calendar year 2000 by multiplying such amount by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in 2000 following the Effective Date, and the denominator of which is 365) during the Employment Term shall be as follows:
Year Target Maximum ---- ---------- ----------- 2000............................................... $5,000,000 $10,000,000 2001............................................... $5,500,000 $11,000,000 2002............................................... $6,050,000 $12,100,000 2003............................................... $6,655,000 $13,310,000
(iii) Your Bonus for any calendar year shall be payable by February 28 of the following year (even if not during the Employment Term). (c) Deferred Compensation: In addition to your Salary and Bonus, you shall earn, in respect of calendar year 2000 and each calendar year during the Employment Term after 2000, an additional amount ("Deferred Compensation"), the payment of which (together with the return thereon as provided in this paragraph 3(c)) shall be deferred until January of the first calendar year following the year in which you cease to be an "executive officer" of Viacom, as defined for purposes of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The amount of Deferred Compensation for calendar year 2000 shall be $2,000,000, prorated by multiplying such amount by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in 2000 following the Effective Date, and the denominator of which is 365. The amount of Deferred Compensation for calendar years 2001 through 2003 shall be subject to annual increases each January 1st, commencing January 1, 2001, in an amount equal to 10% of the sum of your Salary and Deferred Compensation for the preceding year. Deferred Compensation shall be credited to a bookkeeping account maintained by Viacom on your behalf, the balance of which account shall periodically be credited (or debited) with deemed positive (or negative) return calculated in the same manner, and at the same times, as the deemed return on your account under the excess 401(k) plan of Viacom (as such plan may be amended from time to time) is determined (it being understood and agreed that if at any time during which the Deferred Compensation remains payable your excess 401(k) account balance is distributed in full to you, your Deferred Compensation account shall continue to be credited or debited with a deemed return based on the investment portfolio in which your excess 401(k) account was notionally invested immediately prior to its distribution). Viacom's obligation to pay the Deferred Compensation (including the return thereon provided for in this paragraph 3(c)) shall be an unfunded obligation to be satisfied from the general funds of Viacom. (d) Grant: You will be awarded a grant (the "Grant") under Viacom's 1997 Long-Term Management Incentive Plan (the "1997 LTMIP") of stock options to purchase 2,000,000 shares of Viacom's Class B Common Stock (such number to be adjusted for any stock split, stock dividend or other similar transaction that would result in an adjustment under the terms of the 1997 LTMIP if such options were granted on the date hereof), effective as of the Effective Date, with an exercise price equal to the fair-market value of Viacom's Class B Common Stock on the Effective Date. Except as provided herein, the Grant shall be made in accordance with the standard terms of stock option awards under the 1997 LTMIP (a copy of the standard form of such stock option awards is attached hereto as Exhibit B), shall vest in three equal installments on the first, second and third anniversaries of the Effective Date and shall be for a ten-year term. In the event you cease to be employed by the Company for any reason upon the expiration of the Employment Term, you shall be able to exercise the Grant for two years following such termination. G-2 4. Benefits. (a) You shall be entitled to participate in such medical, dental and life insurance, 401(k), pension and other plans as Viacom may have or establish from time to time and in which any other Viacom executives are eligible to participate. The foregoing, however, shall not be construed to require Viacom to establish any such plans or to prevent the modification or termination of such plans once established, and no such action or failure thereof shall affect this Agreement; provided, however, that no modification of any plans in which you participate shall be made which results in treating you less favorably than other senior executives of Viacom. It is further understood and agreed that all benefits (including without limitation, Viacom's Pension and Excess Pension Plans, short term disability program, Long-Term Disability program and any supplement thereto, life insurance and any applicable death benefit) you may be entitled to as an employee of Viacom shall be based upon your Salary and, your Deferred Compensation, as set forth in paragraphs 3(a) and (c) hereof, and not upon any bonus compensation due, payable or paid to you hereunder, except where the benefit plan expressly provides otherwise. In addition, it is hereby expressly agreed that you shall retain all benefits that you have accrued under any compensation and benefit plans of CBS. You shall be entitled to four (4) weeks vacation. (b) Viacom shall provide you with no less than Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000) of term life insurance during the Employment Term. You shall have the right to assign the policy for such life insurance to your spouse or issue or to a trust or trusts primarily for the benefit of your spouse and/or issue. (c) In addition to the benefits described in paragraphs 4(a) and (b) hereof, Viacom agrees that you shall be credited for service accrued or deemed accrued prior to the Effective Date with CBS or any of its subsidiaries or predecessors for all purposes under any employee benefit plans, programs or arrangement established or maintained by Viacom or any of its subsidiaries; provided, however that such crediting of service shall not operate to duplicate any benefit or the funding of any such benefit. (d) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if it is determined that any payment or benefit provided to you (whether hereunder or otherwise, and including any payments or benefits resulting from the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement) would be subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code or any interest or penalties with respect to such excise tax (such excise tax, together with any interest or penalties thereon, is herein referred to as an "Excise Tax"), then you shall be entitled to an additional cash payment (a "Gross-Up Payment") in an amount that will place you in the same after-tax economic position that you would have enjoyed if the Excise Tax had not applied to the payment. The amount of the Gross-Up Payment shall be determined by Viacom's regular independent auditors. No Gross- Up Payments shall be payable hereunder if Viacom's auditors determine that such payments are not subject to an Excise Tax. Viacom's auditors shall be paid by Viacom for services performed hereunder. 5. Business Expenses. During the Employment Term, you shall be reimbursed for such reasonable travel and other expenses incurred in the performance of your duties hereunder as are customarily reimbursed to senior executives of Viacom. 6. Perquisites. You shall be eligible for all perquisites made available by Viacom from time to time during the Employment Term to other senior executives of Viacom. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, you shall be entitled to (i) a car allowance and insurance in accordance with Viacom's policy and (ii) use of a private airplane on a basis no less favorable than as provided by CBS to you as of the date of execution of this Agreement, or, if more beneficial to you, as provided by Viacom to any of its senior executives. 7. Exclusive Employment, Confidential Information, Etc. (a) Non-Competition. You agree that your employment hereunder is on an exclusive basis, and that during the period of your employment hereunder and, in the event during the Employment Term, of (x) a termination of your employment pursuant to paragraph 9(a) hereof or (y) your resignation without Good Reason, for a period of eighteen (18) months following the date of such termination or resignation, as the case G-3 may be (the "Non-Compete Period"), you will not engage in any other business activity which is in conflict with your duties and obligations hereunder. You agree that during the Non-Compete Period you shall not directly or indirectly engage in or participate as an officer, employee, director, agent of or consultant for any business directly competitive with that of Viacom, nor shall you make any investments in any company or business competing with Viacom; provided, however, that nothing herein shall prevent you from investing as less than a two (2%) percent shareholder in the securities of any company listed on a national securities exchange or quoted on an automated quotation system. (b) Confidential Information. You agree that you shall not, during the Employment Term or at any time thereafter, use for your own purposes, or disclose to or for the benefit of any third party, any trade secret or other confidential information of Viacom or any of its affiliates or predecessors (except as may be required by law or in the performance of your duties hereunder consistent with Viacom's policies) and that you will comply with any confidentiality obligations of Viacom to a third party, whether under agreement or otherwise. Notwithstanding the foregoing, confidential information shall be deemed not to include information which (i) is or becomes generally available to the public other than as a result of a disclosure by you or any other person who directly or indirectly receives such information from you or at your direction or (ii) is or becomes available to you on a non-confidential basis from a source which is entitled to disclose it to you. (c) No Employee Solicitation. You agree that, during the Employment Term and for one (1) year thereafter, you shall not, directly or indirectly, engage, employ, or solicit the employment of any person who is then or has been within six (6) months prior thereto, an employee of Viacom or any of Viacom's affiliates or predecessors. (d) Viacom Ownership. The results and proceeds of your services hereunder, including, without limitation, any works of authorship resulting from your services during your employment with Viacom and/or any of its affiliates or predecessors and any works in progress, shall be works-made-for-hire and Viacom shall be deemed the sole owner throughout the universe of any and all rights of whatsoever nature therein, whether or not now or hereafter known, existing, contemplated, recognized or developed, with the right to use the same in perpetuity in any manner Viacom determines in its sole discretion without any further payment to you whatsoever. If, for any reason, any of such results and proceeds shall not legally be a work-for-hire and/or there are any rights which do not accrue to Viacom under the preceding sentence, then you hereby irrevocably assign and agree to assign any and all of your right, title and interest thereto, including, without limitation, any and all copyrights, patents, trade secrets, trademarks and/or other rights of whatsoever nature therein, whether or not now or hereafter known, existing, contemplated, recognized or developed to Viacom, and Viacom shall have the right to use the same in perpetuity throughout the universe in any manner Viacom determines without any further payment to you whatsoever. You shall, from time to time, as may be requested by Viacom, do any and all things which Viacom may deem useful or desirable to establish or document Viacom's exclusive ownership of any and all rights in any such results and proceeds, including, without limitation, the execution of appropriate copyright and/or patent applications or assignments. To the extent you have any rights in the results and proceeds of your services that cannot be assigned in the manner described above, you unconditionally and irrevocably waive the enforcement of such rights. This paragraph 7(d) is subject to, and shall not be deemed to limit, restrict, or constitute any waiver by Viacom of any rights of ownership to which Viacom may be entitled by operation of law by virtue of Viacom or any of its affiliates or predecessors being your employer. (e) Litigation. You agree that, during the Employment Term, for one (1) year thereafter and, if longer, during the pendancy of any litigation or other proceeding, (i) you shall not communicate with anyone (other than your own attorneys and tax advisors and, except to the extent required by law or necessary in the performance of your duties hereunder) with respect to the facts or subject matter of any pending or potential litigation, or regulatory or administrative proceeding involving any of Viacom's affiliates or predecessors, other than any litigation or other proceeding in which you are a party-in-opposition, without giving prior notice to Viacom or Viacom's counsel, and (ii) in the event that any other party attempts to obtain information or documents from you with respect to matters possibly related to such litigation or other proceeding, you shall promptly so notify Viacom's counsel unless you are prohibited from doing so under applicable law. G-4 (f) No Right to Write Books, Articles, Etc. During the Employment Term, except as authorized by Viacom, you shall not prepare or assist any person or entity in the preparation of any books, articles, television or motion picture productions or other creations, concerning Viacom or any of Viacom's affiliates or predecessors or any of their officers, directors, agents, employees, suppliers or customers. (g) Return of Property. All documents, data, recordings, or other property, whether tangible or intangible, including all information stored in electronic form, obtained or prepared by or for you and utilized by you in the course of your employment with Viacom or any of its affiliates or predecessors shall remain the exclusive property of Viacom. In the event of the termination of your employment for any reason, Viacom reserves the right, to the extent permitted by law and in addition to any other remedy Viacom may have, to deduct from any monies otherwise payable to you the following: (i) the full amount of any debt you owe to Viacom or any of its affiliates or predecessors at the time of or subsequent to the termination of your employment with Viacom, and (ii) the value of the Viacom property which you retain in your possession after the termination of your employment with Viacom. In the event that the law of any state or other jurisdiction requires the consent of an employee for such deductions, this Agreement shall serve as such consent. (h) Non-Disparagement. You and, to the extent set forth in the next sentence, Viacom agree that each party shall not, during the Employment Term and for one (1) year thereafter criticize, ridicule or make any statement which disparages or is derogatory of the other party in any communications with any customer or client. Viacom's obligations under the preceding sentence shall be limited to communications by its senior corporate executives having the rank of Senior Vice President or above. (i) Injunctive Relief. Viacom has entered into this Agreement in order to obtain the benefit of your unique skills, talent, and experience. You acknowledge and agree that any violation of paragraphs 7(a) through (k) hereof will result in irreparable damage to Viacom, and, accordingly, Viacom may obtain injunctive and other equitable relief for any breach or threatened breach of such paragraphs, in addition to any other remedies available to Viacom. (j) Survival; Modification of Terms. Your obligations under paragraphs 7(a) through (i) hereof shall remain in full force and effect for the entire period provided therein notwithstanding the termination of the Employment Term pursuant to paragraph 9 hereof or otherwise. You and Viacom agree that the restrictions and remedies contained in paragraphs 7(a) through (k) are reasonable and that it is your intention and the intention of Viacom that such restrictions and remedies shall be enforceable to the fullest extent permissible by law. If it shall be found by a court of competent jurisdiction that any such restriction or remedy is unenforceable but would be enforceable if some part thereof were deleted or the period or area of application reduced, then such restriction or remedy shall apply with such modification as shall be necessary to make it enforceable. (k) No Selling of Viacom Stock without Board Consent. In consideration of your employment hereunder, you hereunder agree that, except as otherwise provided herein, during the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the third anniversary of the Effective Date, you shall not sell or dispose of (nor exercise any limited rights or stock appreciation rights with respect to) any shares of capital stock of CBS or Viacom held by you, your immediate family members (which does not include your former spouse), or trusts or other entities in which you or your immediate family members have a controlling interest or are beneficiaries (together, the "Family Affiliates" and each, a "Family Affiliate") that you or any Family Affiliate now hold, or in the future may acquire, including, without limitation, shares that you or any Family Affiliate receive pursuant to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (whether in exchange for shares of CBS common stock or otherwise), under any stock options or other equity-based compensation awards made to you by CBS or by Viacom under this Agreement or under any other agreement awarding you shares of capital stock of Viacom, without first obtaining the consent of (i) if prior to the Effective Date, the Chairman, or (ii) if on or following the Effective Date, fourteen of the eighteen members of the Board of Viacom. This restriction shall lapse in the event that, during the Employment Term, you are terminated without Cause, resign for Good Reason, die or become disabled. Notwithstanding the foregoing, between the first anniversary of the Effective Date and the second anniversary of the Effective Date you and the Family Affiliates collectively may sell or G-5 dispose of a number of shares equal to up to 10% of the shares held by you and the Family Affiliates on the Effective Date (including, for this purpose, the shares underlying any equity-based compensation awards held by you on the Effective Date, but not shares underlying any equity-based compensation awards granted to you pursuant to paragraph 3(d) or at any time after the Effective Date). Between the second anniversary of the Effective Date and the third anniversary of the Effective Date, you and the Family Affiliates collectively may sell or dispose of a number of shares equal to up to 10% of the shares held by you and the Family Affiliates on the second anniversary of the Effective Date (including, for this purpose, the shares underlying any equity-based compensation awards held by you on the Effective Date, but not shares underlying any equity-based compensation awards granted to you pursuant to paragraph 3(d) or at any time after the Effective Date), plus any shares that were not sold or disposed of by you and the Family Affiliates collectively under the prior year's limits. Notwithstanding the foregoing, you may transfer shares to Family Affiliates, but such shares shall remain subject to the restrictions contained in this paragraph 7(k). 8. Incapacity. In the event you become totally medically disabled at any time during the Employment Term and are not expected to be able to substantially perform your duties for a six (6) consecutive month period, the Chairman, at any time after such disability has in fact continued for 60 consecutive days, may determine that Viacom requires such duties and responsibilities be performed by another executive. In the event you become disabled, you will first receive benefits under Viacom's short-term disability program for the first 26 weeks of consecutive absence. Thereafter, you will be eligible to receive benefits under Viacom's Long-Term Disability ("LTD") program or any supplement thereto, in accordance with its terms. Upon receipt of benefits under the LTD program you will also be entitled to receive, subject to applicable withholding taxes: (i) a Target Bonus prorated for the portion of calendar year through the date on which you become eligible to receive benefits under the LTD program, payable at the time that the Bonus for such calendar year would otherwise be paid; (ii) prorated Deferred Compensation for the calendar year in which such benefits commence and Deferred Compensation attributable to prior calendar years, payable, together with the return thereon as provided in paragraph 3(c), prior to January 31 of the calendar year following the calendar year in which such benefits commence; (iii) stock options granted to you under the 1997 LTMIP which are exercisable on or prior to the date as of which benefits commence under the LTD program or that would have vested and become exercisable on or before the last day of the Employment Term will be exercisable for two (2) years after the date as of which such benefits commence or, if later, until December 31, 2003, but in no event may such stock options be exercised following the expiration date of such stock options; and In the event that you thereafter become able to substantially perform your duties, you will then be entitled to receive from Viacom your Salary and Deferred Compensation at the rate being paid to you immediately prior to the commencement of such disability, and your Bonus calculated pursuant to paragraph 3(b) hereof, through the remainder of the Employment Term reduced by any employment compensation earned by you for any work or service performed for any other person. 9. Termination. (a) Termination for Cause. Viacom may, at its option, terminate your employment under this Agreement forthwith for "cause", and Viacom shall thereafter have no further obligations under this Agreement, including, without limitation, any obligation to pay Salary or Bonus or provide benefits under this Agreement; provided, however, that Viacom may terminate this Agreement pursuant to this paragraph only with the affirmative vote of fourteen of the eighteen members of the Board of Viacom at a meeting called for such purpose at which you and a counsel of your choosing shall have an opportunity to be heard. For purposes of this Agreement, termination of this Agreement for "cause" shall mean termination for embezzlement, fraud or other conduct G-6 which would constitute a felony, conviction of a felony, or willful unauthorized disclosure of confidential information, or if you at any time materially breach this Agreement (including, without limitation, your failure, neglect of or refusal to substantially perform your obligations hereunder as set forth in paragraphs 2, 7(k) and 12 hereof), except in the event of your disability as set forth in paragraph 8. Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, Viacom will give you written notice prior to terminating this Agreement for your material breach setting forth the exact nature of any alleged breach and the conduct required to cure such breach. Except for a breach which by its nature cannot be cured, you shall have ten (10) business days from the giving of such notice within which to cure and within which period Viacom cannot terminate this Agreement for the stated reasons. (b) Good Reason Termination. You may terminate your employment hereunder for "Good Reason" at any time during the Employment Term by written notice to Viacom not more than thirty (30) days after the occurrence of the event constituting "Good Reason". Such notice shall state an effective date no earlier than thirty (30) business days after the date it is given. Viacom shall have ten (10) business days from the giving of such notice within which to cure. Good Reason shall mean any of the following, without your prior written consent, other than in connection with the termination of your employment for "cause" (as defined above) or in connection with your permanent disability: (i) the assignment to you by Viacom of duties substantially inconsistent with your positions, duties, responsibilities, titles or offices, the withdrawal of a material part of your responsibilities or a change in your reporting relationship, as set forth in paragraph 2 or in Article XIII of the Certificate of Incorporation as in effect on the Effective Date; (ii) a reduction by Viacom in your Salary or Target Bonus as in effect at the date hereof or as the same may be increased from time to time during the Employment Term; (iii) Viacom's requiring you to be based anywhere other than the New York City metropolitan area, except for required travel on Viacom's business to any extent substantially consistent with business travel obligations of other senior executives of Viacom; (iv) Viacom's violation of Article XIII of the Certificate of Incorporation; or (v) the material breach by Viacom of its obligations hereunder. (c) Termination Without Cause. Viacom may terminate your employment under this Agreement without "cause" (as defined above) at any time during the Employment Term by written notice to you; provided, however, that Viacom may terminate your employment pursuant to this paragraph only with the affirmative vote of fourteen of the eighteen members of the Board of Viacom. (d) Termination Payments, Etc. In the event that your employment terminates pursuant to paragraph 9(b) or 9(c) hereof, you shall be entitled to receive, subject to applicable withholding taxes: (i) your Salary as provided in paragraph 3(a) until the end of the Employment Term, payable in accordance with Viacom's then effective payroll practices; (ii) bonus compensation for each calendar year during the Employment Term equal to your Target Bonus as set forth in paragraph 3(b); (iii) Deferred Compensation for each calendar year during the Employment Term as set forth in paragraph 3(c); Deferred Compensation attributable to the calendar year in which the termination pursuant to paragraph 9(b) or 9(c) hereof occurs and to prior calendar years shall be payable, together with the return thereon as provided in paragraph 3(c), prior to January 31 of the calendar year following such termination; and Deferred Compensation attributable to subsequent calendar years shall be payable, together with the return thereon as provided in paragraph 3(c), prior to January 31 of each such following calendar year; G-7 (iv) your perquisites as provided in paragraph 6 until the end of the Employment Term, payable in accordance with Viacom's then effective payroll practices; (v) medical and dental insurance coverage until the end of the Employment Term or, if earlier, the date on which you become eligible for medical and dental coverage from a third party employer; during this period, Viacom will pay an amount equal to the applicable COBRA premiums (or such other amounts as may be required by applicable law) (which amount will be included in your income for tax purposes to the extent required by applicable law); at the end of such period, you may elect to continue your medical and dental insurance coverage at your own expense for the balance, if any, of the period required by law; (vi) life insurance coverage as set forth in paragraph 4(b) until the end of the Employment Term (the amount of such insurance to be reduced by the amount of any insurance provided by a new employer without cost to you); (vii) stock options granted to you under the 1997 LTMIP which are exercisable on or prior to the date of the termination of your employment under paragraph 9(b) or 9(c) or that would have vested and become exercisable on or before the last day of the Employment Term will be exercisable for two (2) years after the date of such termination or, if later, until December 31, 2003, but in no event may such stock options be exercised following the expiration date of such stock options; (viii) a supplemental pension benefit calculated in accordance with the terms of the Excess Pension Plan and paragraph 4(c) as though you were employed through the end of the Employment Term; and (ix) provision of an appropriate office and secretarial assistance for up to six (6) months after the termination of your employment. The payments provided for in (i) above are in lieu of any severance or income continuation or protection under any Viacom plan that may now or hereafter exist. The payments and benefits to be provided pursuant to this paragraph 9(d) shall constitute liquidated damages, and shall be deemed to satisfy and be in full and final settlement of all obligations of Viacom to you under this Agreement. (e) Termination of Benefits. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary (except as otherwise provided in paragraph 9(d) with respect to medical, dental and life insurance and Excess Pension Plan benefits or in paragraphs 7 and 8 with respect to continued exercisability of options), coverage under all Viacom benefit plans and programs (including, without limitation, vacation, 401(k), excess 401(k) and pension plans, LTD and accidental death and dismemberment and business travel and accident insurance) will terminate upon the termination of your employment except to the extent otherwise expressly provided in such plans or programs. 10. Death. If you die prior to the end of the Employment Term, your beneficiary or estate shall be entitled to receive your Salary up to the date on which the death occurs, a pro-rated Target Bonus and pro-rated Deferred Compensation for the calendar year in which the death occurs and Deferred Compensation attributable to prior calendar years payable, together with the return thereon as provided in paragraph 3(c), prior to January 31 of the following calendar year. In addition, the vesting of all stock options granted under the 1997 LTMIP that are not exercisable as of the date on which the death occurs shall be accelerated, and your beneficiary or estate shall be entitled to exercise such stock options, together with all stock options that are exercisable as of the date of your death, for two (2) years after the date of death or, if later, until December 31, 2003, but in no event may such stock options be exercised following the expiration date of such stock options. 11. Section 317 and 507 of the Federal Communications Act. You represent that you have not accepted or given nor will you accept or give, directly or indirectly, any money, services or other valuable consideration from or to anyone other than Viacom for the inclusion of any matter as part of any film, television program or other production produced, distributed and/or developed by Viacom and/or any of its affiliates or predecessors. G-8 12. Equal Opportunity Employer. You acknowledge that Viacom is an equal opportunity employer. You agree that you will comply with Viacom policies regarding employment practices and with applicable federal, state and local laws prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, color, creed, national origin, age, sex or disability. 13. Indemnification. (a) Viacom shall indemnify and hold you harmless, to the maximum extent permitted by law and by the Certificate of Incorporation and/or the By-laws of Viacom, against judgments, fines, amounts paid in settlement of and reasonable expenses incurred by you in connection with the defense of any action or proceeding (or any appeal therefrom) in which you are a party by reason of your position as President and Chief Operating Officer or any other office you may hold with Viacom or its affiliates or by reason of any prior positions held by you with Viacom or any of its affiliates or predecessors or for any acts or omissions made by you in good faith in the performance of any of your duties as an officer of Viacom. (b) To the extent that Viacom maintains officers' and directors' liability insurance, you will be covered under such policy. 14. Notices. All notices required to be given hereunder shall be given in writing, by personal delivery or by mail at the respective addresses of the parties hereto set forth above, or at such other address as may be designated in writing by either party. Any notice given by mail shall be deemed to have been given three days following such mailing. 15. Assignment. This is an Agreement for the performance of personal services by you and may not be assigned by you or Viacom except that Viacom may assign this Agreement to any affiliate of or any successor in interest to Viacom. 16. New York Law, Etc. This Agreement and all matters or issues collateral thereto shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts entered into and performed entirely therein. Any action to enforce this Agreement shall be brought in the state or federal courts located in the City of New York. 17. No Implied Contract. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed to impose any obligation on Viacom to renew this Agreement or any portion thereof. The parties intend to be bound only upon execution of a written agreement and no negotiation, exchange of draft or partial performance shall be deemed to imply an agreement. Neither the continuation of employment nor any other conduct shall be deemed to imply a continuing agreement upon the expiration of this Agreement. 18. Entire Understanding. This Agreement contains the entire understanding of the parties hereto relating to the subject matter herein contained, and can be changed only by a writing signed by both parties hereto. 19. Void Provisions. If any provision of this Agreement, as applied to either party or to any circumstances, shall be adjudged by a court to be void or unenforceable, the same shall be deemed stricken from this Agreement and shall in no way affect any other provision of this Agreement or the validity or enforceability of this Agreement. 20. Supersedes Previous Agreement. Effective as of the Effective Date, this Agreement shall supersede and cancel all prior agreements relating to your employment by Viacom or any of its affiliates and predecessors, including, without limitation, the employment agreement with Westinghouse Electric Corporation, dated as of June 20, 1996, and any amendments thereto. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, this Agreement is not intended, and shall not be construed, to affect your rights in any compensation or benefits that have been granted or accrued prior to the beginning of the Employment Term. G-9 If the foregoing correctly sets forth our understanding, please sign one copy of this letter and return it to the undersigned, whereupon this letter shall constitute a binding agreement between us. Very truly yours, Viacom Inc. /s/ Michael D. Fricklas By: _________________________________ Michael D. Fricklas Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary ACCEPTED AND AGREED: /s/ Mel Karmazin _____________________________________ Mel Karmazin G-10 EXHIBIT A Article XIII of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (attached) G-11 EXHIBIT B Form of the Award Agreement (attached) G-12 EXHIBIT A-1 RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF VIACOM INC. ARTICLE XIII Governance of the Corporation During Specified Period (1) Definitions. As used in this Article XIII, the following terms shall have the following meanings: (a) "CBS" shall mean CBS Corporation, a Pennsylvania corporation, immediately prior to the Effective Time. (b) "CBS Directors" shall mean (i) eight (8) of those directors serving as members of the Board of Directors of CBS on September 6, 1999 (or any Independent Directors elected or appointed prior to the Effective Time to serve as a CBS Director) who are designated as such by the Board of Directors of CBS prior to the Effective Time and (ii) any Replacement CBS Director (as defined in Section 2(b) of this Article XIII). (e) "CEO" shall mean the Chief Executive Officer. (d) "COO" shall mean the President and Chief Operating Officer. (e) "Effective Time" shall mean the time of filing of the Certificate of Merger to which this Certificate of Incorporation is attached. (f) "Independent Director" shall mean a disinterested, independent person (determined in accordance with customary standards for independent directors applicable to U.S. public companies). (g) "NAI" shall mean National Amusements, Inc., a Maryland corporation, and its successors or assigns. (h) "Specified Independent Directors" shall mean the directors of the Corporation first elected after 1993 and who are not management of the Corporation or NAI (together with any replacements of such persons). (i) "Specified Period" shall mean the period of three years commencing at the Effective Time. (j) "Stockholder Agreement" shall mean the Stockholder Agreement dated as of September 6, 1999, by and between NAI and CBS, relating to Corporation governance matters. (k) "Viacom Directors" shall mean the ten (10) directors of the Corporation serving as the Board of Directors of the Corporation immediately prior to the Effective Time (including the Specified Independent Directors). (2) Directors. (a) Effective immediately at the Effective Time, the Board of Directors shall consist of eighteen (18) directors. The number of directors may be fixed by resolution of the Board from time to time, provided, however, that the size of the Board of Directors may not be changed during the Specified Period without the approval of at least fourteen (14) directors. At the Effective Time, ten (10) directors shall be Viacom Directors and eight (8) directors shall be CBS Directors. (b) Until the expiration of the Specified Period, the Board of Directors (subject to the fiduciary duties of the directors) shall take all action necessary to ensure that any seat on the Board of Directors held by (i) a CBS G-13 Director which becomes vacant is filled promptly by a person qualifying as an Independent Director and designated to fill such seat by a majority of the CBS Directors remaining on the Board of Directors (a "Replacement CBS Director") and (ii) a Specified Independent Director which becomes vacant is filled promptly by an Independent Director who is the chief executive officer, chief operating officer or chief financial officer or former chief executive officer of a Fortune 500 company or a non-U.S. public company of comparable size. (c) During the Specified Period, all committees of the Board of Directors (other than the Compensation Committee and the Officers Nominating Committee) shall have such number of CBS Directors as equals the total number of members of the Committee multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is eight (8) and the denominator of which is eighteen (18), rounded to the closest whole number; provided that in no event shall any committee have (x) fewer than one (1) CBS Director or (y) less than a majority of Viacom Directors. (d) During the Specified Period, the Board of Directors shall not take any action or fail to take any action which would have the effect of eliminating, limiting, restricting, avoiding or otherwise modifying the effect of the provisions set forth in this Article XIII (e.g., by creating a holding company structure if the certificate of incorporation or similar document of such holding company does not contain equivalent provisions). (3) Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. (a) At the Effective Time, Sumner Redstone shall remain the Chairman and CEO. In the event that Sumner Redstone is not the CEO at the Effective Time or ceases to be the CEO at any time during the Specified Period, then Mel Karmazin, if he is COO at such time, shall succeed to the position of CEO for the remainder of the Specified Period. During any such period of succession, Mel Karmazin shall continue to exercise the powers, rights, functions and responsibilities of the COO in addition to exercising those of the CEO. (b) The Chairman shall chair all meetings of the Board of Directors and stockholders at which he is present. (c) The CEO shall be responsible, in consultation with the COO, for corporate policy and strategy and the COO shall consult on all major decisions with, and shall report directly to, the CEO, during the Specified Period; provided, however, that the CEO shall not exercise any powers, rights, functions or responsibilities of the COO unless Mel Karmazin is the CEO. (4) President and Chief Operating Officer. (a) At the Effective Time, the President and Chief Operating Officer of the Corporation shall be Mel Karmazin. During the Specified Period, Mel Karmazin may not be terminated or demoted from the position of COO (or, in the event that Sumner Redstone is not the CEO, from the position of CEO) and no COO Functions (as defined below) may be changed without the affirmative vote of at least fourteen (14) directors. (b) Subject to the requirement that the COO consult with the CEO on all major decisions, the powers, rights, functions and responsibilities of the COO (collectively, the "COO Functions") shall include, without limitation, the following: (i) supervising, coordinating and managing the Corporation's business, operations, activities, operating expenses and capital allocation; (ii) matters relating to officers (other than the Chairman, CEO and COO) and employees, including, without limitation, hiring (subject to (A) the specific Board of Directors authority described below with respect to the CFO, the General Counsel and the Controller and (B) Section 5 below), terminating, changing positions and allocating responsibilities of such officers and employees; and G-14 (iii) substantially all of the powers, rights, functions and responsibilities typically exercised by a chief operating officer. All officers (other than the Chairman, CEO and COO) will report, directly or indirectly, to the COO (this reporting relationship will be deemed a COO Function). (c) In the event that Mel Karmazin is not COO or CEO, the Board may terminate the COO's employment, eliminate the COO position and the Officers Nominating Committee and reallocate the COO Functions without regard to the other provisions of this Article XVIII. (5) Officers Nominating Committee; Compensation Committee. (a) Subject to the powers of the Compensation Committee set forth below, during the Specified Period, all powers of the Board of Directors, including, without limitation, the right to hire, elect, terminate, change positions, allocate responsibilities or determine non-equity compensation, with respect to officers and employees, shall be exercised, subject to clauses (b) and (c) below, by, and delegated to, the Officers Nominating Committee of the Board of Directors. The Officers Nominating Committee shall consist solely of the member of the Board of Directors who is the COO, except that in the event Mel Karmazin succeeds to the position of CEO, the sole member of the Officers Nominating Committee shall be the member of the Board of Directors who is the CEO. (b) The Officers Nominating Committee shall have no powers with respect to the Chairman, CEO and COO, and shall not have the power to fill the positions of Chief Financial Officer, Controller or General Counsel of the Corporation without the approval of the Board of Directors; provided that this provision shall in no way affect the other powers and authorities of the Officers Nominating Committee with respect to the Chief Financial Officer, Controller and General Counsel positions, including, without limitation, the power to terminate employment of persons holding such positions. (c) The Compensation Committee shall not be required to, or have any power to, approve the annual compensation of (i) any employee if the total value of such employee's annual cash compensation (assuming for this purpose that the actual bonus of each officer and employee is equal to his or her target bonus) is less than $1 million or (ii) talent (as such term is commonly used in the media or entertainment industries), in each such case which power shall be delegated to the Officers Nominating Committee. The annual compensation of all other officers and employees and any equity or equity-based compensation of any officer or employee must be approved by the Compensation Committee. (d) The Compensation Committee shall consist of three CBS Directors who are Independent Directors and three non-CBS Directors, two of whom will be the Specified Independent Directors and the other of whom will be an Independent Director. (e) Any decision or determination of the Officers Nominating Committee may be reversed or overridden by (and only by) the affirmative vote of at least fourteen (14) directors. (6) Stockholder Agreement. The Stockholder Agreement may not be amended, and no provision thereof may be modified or waived, except with the approval of at least fourteen (14) directors. (7) Issuance of Voting Stock. During the Specified Period, in addition to any other approval required by law or by this Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the Corporation may not issue (i) additional shares of Class A Common Stock or (ii) any shares of Preferred Stock or any other class or series of stock or securities, in each case with, or convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for stock or other securities with, the right to vote on any G-15 matter on which stockholders are entitled to vote if the result would be that parties bound by the Stockholder Agreement could fail to own at least a majority of the outstanding shares of voting stock of the Corporation. (8) Voting. During the Specified Period, except for those actions set forth on Annex I to this Restated Certificate of Incorporation, which shall require the approval of the Board of Directors, all action by the Board of Directors shall require the affirmative vote of at least fourteen (14) directors. At all meetings of the Board of Directors a majority of the full Board of Directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the Directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute or this Restated Certificate of Incorporation. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, the Directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present. (9) Amendment. Until the expiration of the Specified Period the provisions of any Article of this Restated Certificate which refer to this Article XIII, the provisions of this Article XIII, and the provisions of Article VIII of the by-laws of the Corporation, may not be amended, altered, repealed or waived in any respect without the approval of at least fourteen (14) directors. (10) Successors. During the Specified Period, the provisions of this Article XIII shall be applicable to (i) any successor to the Corporation as the result of a merger, consolidation or other business combination, whether or not the Corporation is the surviving company in such transaction, or otherwise and (ii) any corporation or other entity with respect to which the Corporation or its successor is or becomes a direct or indirect subsidiary, the Board of Directors shall not permit the Corporation to be a party to any transaction which would not comply with the foregoing without the approval of at least fourteen (14) directors. (11) Subsidiaries. The Board of Directors shall have the right, following consultation with the COO or, if Mel Karmazin is the CEO, the CEO, with respect to any public company which is a subsidiary of the Corporation, to take such steps as the Board of Directors reasonably determines are necessary to implement corporate governance arrangements applicable to such subsidiary in a manner as consistent as practicable with the provisions contained in this Restated Certificate of Incorporation; provided that any such steps shall not vest in the Board of Directors greater power or provide the COO with fewer rights than those provided for in this Restated Certificate of Incorporation. G-16 EXHIBIT B Form of Agreement Under the Viacom Inc. 1997 Long-Term Management Incentive Plan for the 1999 Stock Option Grant AGREEMENT, dated as of , by and between Viacom Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), and (the "Participant"), with respect to the 1999 grant of stock options under the Company's 1997 Long-Term Management Incentive Plan, as amended (the "Plan"). This Agreement, together with the Memorandum dated and the agreements delivered under the Plan in connection with each grant of stock options under the Plan, constitutes the prospectus covering the shares of Class B Common Stock subject to the Plan. The Participant can receive additional copies of his or her Plan agreements and the Memorandum upon request to the Administrator, Long-Term Incentive Plans, Viacom Inc., 1515 Broadway, New York, New York 10036. WITNESSETH: WHEREAS, the Participant is now employed by the Company or one of its subsidiaries in a key capacity and the Company desires to reward the Participant, in accordance with the terms hereof, for the Participant's contributions to the financial success of the Company by awarding the Participant stock options to purchase shares of Class B Common Stock; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the covenants and agreements herein contained, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows: ARTICLE I Terms of Stock Options Section 1.1 Grant of Stock Options. Subject to the terms and conditions contained herein and in the Plan, the terms of which are hereby incorporated by reference, the Company hereby awards to the Participant, effective as of (the "Date of Grant"), a grant of stock options (the "Stock Options") to purchase shares of Class B Common Stock at an exercise price of $ for each share (the "Exercise Price"). The capitalized terms used in this Agreement which are not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to them in Article III hereof. The Stock Options granted hereunder are not intended to be, or qualify as, "Incentive Stock Options" within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code. Section 1.2 Terms of Stock Options. (a) Vesting. The Stock Options shall be exercisable only to the extent the Participant is vested therein. The Stock Options shall vest in one-third increments on and . (b) Option Period. Except as provided in Section 1.2(c) hereof, the period during which the Stock Options may be exercised shall expire on the tenth anniversary of the Date of Grant (the "Expiration Date"). (c) Exercise in the Event of Termination of Employment, Retirement, Death or Permanent Disability. (i) Termination other than for Cause, Retirement, Death or Permanent Disability. In the event that (A) the Participant ceases to be an employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries by reason of the voluntary termination by the Participant or the termination by the Company or any of its subsidiaries other than for Cause, the Participant may exercise his or her Outstanding Stock Options to the extent then G-17 exercisable until the earlier of six months after the date of such termination (or such longer period, not in excess of the second anniversary of the Date of Grant of such Stock Options, as may be determined by the Committee, in its discretion) or the Expiration Date, (B) the Participant ceases to be an employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries by reason of the Participant's Retirement, the Participant may exercise his or her Outstanding Stock Options to the extent then exercisable until the earlier of two years after such date or the Expiration Date, (C) the Participant dies during a period during which his or her Stock Options could have been exercised by him or her, his or her Outstanding Stock Options may be exercised to the extent exercisable at the date of death by the person who acquired the right to exercise such Stock Options by will or the laws of descent and distribution until the earlier of one year after such death (or such longer period as may be determined by the Committee, in its discretion, prior to the expiration of such one-year period) or the Expiration Date, or (D) the Permanent Disability of the Participant occurs, the Participant may exercise his or her Outstanding Stock Options to the extent exercisable upon the onset of such Permanent Disability until the earlier of one year after such date (or such longer period not in excess of two years after such date as may be determined by the Committee in its discretion) or the Expiration Date. Upon the occurrence of an event described in clauses (A), (B), (C) or (D) of this Section 1.2(c)(i), all rights with respect to Stock Options that are not vested as of such event will be relinquished. (ii) Termination for Cause. If the Participant's employment with the Company or any of its subsidiaries ends because of a Termination for Cause, all Outstanding Stock Options, whether or not then vested, shall terminate effective as of the date of such termination. Section 1.3 Exercise of Stock Options. (a) Whole or Partial Exercise. Subject to the restrictions of Section 1.2(b) hereof, the Participant may exercise all vested Stock Options granted hereunder at one time or in installments of 100 Stock Options (or in the whole number of unexercised Stock Options in which the Participant is vested, if such number is less than 100) by written notice to the Administrator, Long-Term Incentive Plans, Viacom Inc., 1515 Broadway, New York, New York 10036. Such notice shall (i) state the number of full Stock Options being exercised (ii) be signed by the person or persons so exercising the Stock Options and, in the event the Stock Options are being exercised (pursuant to Section 1.2(c)(i) hereof) by any person or persons other than the Participant accompanied by proof satisfactory to the Company's counsel of the right of such person or persons to exercise the Stock Options, and (iii) be accompanied by full payment as set forth in Section 1.3(b) hereof. (b) Payment of Aggregate Option Price. The written notice of exercise described above must be accompanied by full payment of the aggregate Exercise Price which shall be determined by multiplying the number of Stock Options being exercised by the Exercise Price. Such Exercise Price shall be paid in cash (e.g. personal bank check, certified check or official bank check). In addition, in accordance with Section 4.3 hereof, the Participant shall make an arrangement acceptable to the Company to pay to the Company an amount sufficient to satisfy the combined Federal, state and local withholding tax obligations which arise in connection with the exercise of such Stock Options. (c) Issuance of Share Certificates. Upon satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 1.3(b) hereof, the Company shall deliver (or cause to be delivered) a certificate or certificates for the shares of Class B Common Stock issued pursuant to the exercise of the Stock Options to the Participant. ARTICLE II Effect of Certain Corporate Changes In the event of a merger, consolidation, stock split, dividend, distribution, combination, reclassification or recapitalization that changes the character or amount of the Class B Common Stock, the Committee shall make such adjustments to the number of shares of Class B Common Stock subject to the Stock Options or the exercise price of the Stock Options, in each case, as it deems appropriate. Such determinations shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes. G-18 ARTICLE III Definitions As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings: (a) "Board" shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company. (b) "Class B Common Stock" shall mean shares of Class B Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company. (c) "Code" shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, including any successor law thereto. (d) "Committee" shall mean the Senior Executive Compensation Committee of the Board (or such other Committee as may be appointed by the Board) except that (i) the number of directors on the Committee shall not be less than two and (ii) each member of the Committee shall be a "non-employee director" within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act. (e) "Exchange Act" shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including any successor law thereto. (f) "Fair Market Value" of a share of Class B Common Stock on a given date shall be the closing price of a share of Class B Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange or such other national securities exchange as may be designated by the Committee or, in the event that the Class B Common Stock is not listed for trading on a national securities exchange but is quoted on an automated quotation system, the average closing bid price per share of the Class B Common Stock on such automated quotation system or, in the event that the Class B Common Stock is not quoted on any such system, the average of the closing bid prices per share of the Class B Common Stock as furnished by a professional marketmaker making a market in the Class B Common Stock designated by the Committee. (g) "Outstanding Stock Option" shall mean a Stock Option granted to the Participant which has not yet been exercised and which has not yet expired in accordance with its terms. (h) "Permanent Disability" shall have the same meaning as such term or a similar term has in the long-term disability policy maintained by the Company or a subsidiary thereof for the Participant and in effect on the date of the onset of the Participant's Permanent Disability. (i) "Retirement" shall mean the resignation or termination of employment after attainment of an age and years of service required for payment of an immediate pension pursuant to the terms of any qualified retirement plan maintained by the Company or a subsidiary in which the Participant participates; provided, however, that no resignation or termination prior to a Participant's 60th birthday shall be deemed a retirement unless the Committee so determines in its sole discretion. (j) "Termination for Cause" shall mean a termination of employment with the Company or any of its subsidiaries which, as determined by the Committee, is by reason of (i) "cause" as such term or a similar term is defined in any employment agreement applicable to the Participant, or (ii) if there is no such employment agreement or if such employment agreement contains no such term, (x) dishonesty, conviction of a felony, or willful unauthorized disclosure of confidential information, (y) failure, neglect of or refusal by the Participant to substantially perform the duties of the Participant's employment, or (z) any other act or omission which is materially injurious to the financial condition or business reputation of the Company of any subsidiary thereof. (k) To "vest" a Stock Option held by the Participant shall mean to render such Stock Option exercisable, subject to the terms of the Plan, except where the Participant's employment ends because of a Termination for Cause. G-19 ARTICLE IV Miscellaneous Section 4.1 No Rights to Continued Employment. Neither this Agreement, the Plan nor any action taken in accordance with such documents shall be construed as giving the Participant any right to be retained by the Company or any of its subsidiaries. Section 4.2 Restriction on Transfer. The rights of the Participant with respect to the Stock Options shall not be transferable by the Participant except (i) by will or the laws of descent and distribution or (ii) subject to the prior approval of the Committee, for transfers to members of the Participant's immediate family or trusts whose beneficiaries are members of the Participant's immediate family, in each case subject to the condition that the Committee shall be satisfied that such transfer is being made for estate and/or tax planning purposes without consideration being received therefor and subject to such other conditions as the Committee may impose. Section 4.3 Tax Withholding. As a condition to the exercise of the Stock Options, the Participant shall make a payment (or an arrangement acceptable to the Company for the withholding of such payment) sufficient to satisfy the combined Federal, state and local withholding tax obligations which arise in connection with the exercise of such Stock Options. Section 4.4 Stockholder Rights. The grant of Stock Options under this Agreement shall not entitle the Participant or any permitted transferee to any rights of a holder of shares of common stock of the Company, other than when and until share certificates are delivered to the Participant upon exercise of a Stock Option. Section 4.5 No Restriction on Right of Company to Effect Corporate Changes. This Agreement shall not affect in any way the right or power of the Company or its stockholders to make or authorize any or all adjustments, recapitalization, reorganization or other changes in the Company's capital structure or its business, or any merger or consolidation of the Company, or any issue of stock or of options, warrants or rights to purchase stock or of bonds, debentures, preferred or prior preference stocks whose rights are superior to or affect the Class B Common Stock or the rights thereof or which are convertible into or exchangeable for Class B Common Stock, or the dissolution or liquidation of the Company, or any sale or transfer of all or any part of its assets or business, or any other corporate act or proceeding, whether of a similar character or otherwise. Section 4.6 Amendment. Other than as provided in Article II hereof, this Agreement may not be modified, amended or waived in any manner except by an instrument in writing signed by both parties hereto. The waiver by either party of compliance with any provision of this Agreement by the other party shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Agreement, or of any subsequent breach by such party of a provision of this Agreement. Section 4.7 Stockholder Approval. The grant of Stock Options under this Agreement is subject to the approval of the stockholders of the Company, at the next annual or special meeting of stockholders, to the extent that the number of shares of Class B Common Stock subject to the Plan is insufficient to cover the number of shares of Class B Common Stock subject to Stock Options awarded under this Agreement. Section 4.8 Notices. Every notice or other communication relating to this Agreement shall be in writing, and shall be mailed to or delivered to the party for whom it is intended at such address as may from time to time be designated by such party in a notice mailed or delivered to the other party as herein provided. If no such address has been specified by the Participant, such notices or communications shall be sent to the Participant's address as specified in the records of the Company. Section 4.9 Headings. The headings of sections and subsections herein are included solely for convenience of reference and shall not affect the meaning of any of the provisions of this Agreement. G-20 Section 4.10 Receipt of Copy of Plan. By executing this Agreement, the Participant acknowledges receipt of a copy of the Plan. Section 4.11 Governing Law. This Agreement and all rights hereunder shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Delaware. Viacom Inc. By: _________________________________ Senior Vice President, Human Resources and Administration _____________________________________ Participant G-21 Annex H September 6, 1999 Board of Directors Viacom Inc. 1515 Broadway New York, NY 10036 Members of the Board: We understand that CBS Corporation ("CBS" or the "Company") and Viacom Inc. ("Viacom") have entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 6, 1999 (the "Merger Agreement"), which provides, among other things, for the merger of CBS with and into Viacom (the "Merger"). Pursuant to the Merger, each issued and outstanding share of common stock, par value $1.00 per share, of CBS ("CBS Common Stock") shall be converted into the right to receive 1.085 shares (the "Exchange Ratio") of Class B Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Viacom Class B Common Stock") of Viacom. The terms and conditions of the Merger are more fully set forth in the Merger Agreement. You have asked for our opinion as to whether the Exchange Ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement is fair from a financial point of view to Viacom. For purposes of the opinion set forth herein, we have: (i) reviewed certain publicly available financial statements and other information of CBS and Viacom, respectively; (ii) reviewed certain internal financial statements and other financial and operating data concerning CBS and Viacom prepared by the respective managements of CBS and Viacom; (iii) discussed the past and current operations and financial condition and the prospects of CBS and Viacom with senior executives of CBS and Viacom; (iv) analyzed certain internal financial statements and other financial operating data concerning CBS and Viacom prepared by the respective managements of CBS and Viacom; (v) discussed the past and current operations and financial condition and the prospects of Viacom with senior executives of Viacom including their estimates of the strategic and operational benefits of the Merger, and analyzed the pro forma impact of the Merger on Viacom's financial ratios; (vi) reviewed the reported prices and trading activity for the CBS Common Stock and the Viacom Class B Common Stock; (vii) compared the financial performance of CBS and Viacom and the prices and trading activity of CBS and Viacom with that of certain other comparable publicly-traded companies and their securities; (viii) participated in discussions and negotiations among representatives of CBS and Viacom and their financial and legal advisors; (ix) reviewed the Merger Agreement, the Voting Agreement dated as of September 6, 1999 between CBS and certain shareholders of Viacom and certain related documents; and (x) performed such other analyses and considered such other factors as we have deemed appropriate. We have assumed and relied upon without independent verification the accuracy and completeness of the information reviewed by us for the purposes of this opinion. With respect to the financial projections, including information relating to certain strategic and operational benefits of the Merger, we have assumed that they have been reasonably prepared on bases reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments of the future H-1 financial performance of CBS and Viacom, respectively. We have not made any independent valuation or appraisal of the assets or liabilities of CBS and Viacom, nor have we been furnished with any such appraisals. We have assumed that the Merger will be consummated in accordance with the terms set forth in the Merger Agreement. Our opinion is necessarily based on economic, market and other conditions as in effect on, and the information made available to us as of, the date hereof. We have acted as financial advisor to the Board of Directors of Viacom in connection with this transaction and will receive a fee for our services. In the past, Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated and its affiliates have provided financial advisory and financing services for CBS and Viacom and have received fees for the rendering of these services. In the ordinary course of business, Morgan Stanley may from time to time trade in the securities of CBS and Viacom for its own account, the accounts of investment funds under the management of Morgan Stanley and for the accounts of its customers and, accordingly, may at any time hold a long or short position in such securities. It is understood that this letter is for the information of the Board of Directors of Viacom and may not be used for any other purpose without our prior written consent, except that this opinion may be included in its entirety in any filing made by CBS or Viacom in respect of the Merger with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, this opinion does not in any manner address the prices at which Viacom Class B Common Stock will trade following the consummation of the Merger, and Morgan Stanley expresses no opinion or recommendation as to how the stockholders of CBS and Viacom should vote at the respective stockholders' meetings held in connection with the Merger. Based on and subject to the foregoing, we are of the opinion on the date hereof that the Exchange Ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement is fair from a financial point of view to Viacom. Very truly yours, Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated /s/ Paul J. Taubman By: _________________________________ Paul J. Taubman Managing Director H-2 Annex I September 6, 1999 Board of Directors CBS Corporation 51 West 52nd Street New York, NY 10019 Members of the Board of Directors: We understand that CBS Corporation ("CBS") has entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of September 6, 1999, by and between Viacom Inc. ("Viacom") and CBS (the "Merger Agreement"). Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, CBS will merge with and into Viacom (the "Merger") and each outstanding share of CBS Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share (the "CBS Common Stock"), will be converted into the right to receive 1.085 shares of Viacom Class B Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share ("Viacom Class B Common Stock"), with the number of shares of Viacom Class B Common Stock to be received for each share of CBS Common Stock being referred to herein as the exchange ratio (the "Exchange Ratio"). You have asked us for our opinion as to whether the Exchange Ratio is fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of CBS Common Stock. In connection with rendering our opinion, we have, among other things: (i) analyzed certain publicly available financial statements and other information relating to CBS and Viacom; (ii) analyzed certain internal financial statements and other non-public financial and operating data concerning CBS, which were prepared by and furnished to us or reviewed for us by the management of CBS, and concerning Viacom, which were prepared by and furnished to us or reviewed for us by the management of Viacom; (iii) analyzed certain financial projections concerning CBS, which were prepared by the management of CBS, and concerning Viacom, which were prepared by the management of Viacom; (iv) discussed the past and current operations and financial condition and the prospects of CBS with the management of CBS; (v) discussed the past and current operations and financial condition and the prospects of Viacom with the management of Viacom; (vi) reviewed the reported prices and trading activity of the CBS Common Stock and Viacom Class B Common Stock; (vii) compared the market valuation and financial performance of CBS and Viacom to that of certain other comparable publicly-traded companies; (viii) reviewed the financial terms to the extent available of certain comparable acquisition transactions; (ix) participated in discussions and negotiations among representatives of CBS, Viacom, and their financial and legal advisers; (x) reviewed the Merger Agreement and the related exhibits and schedules in the form provided to us and have assumed that the final form of such Merger Agreement, exhibits and schedules will not vary in any respect material to our analysis; I-1 (xi) reviewed certain information concerning cost savings and combination benefits ("Synergies") expected to result from the Merger that was provided to us or reviewed for us by the managements of CBS and Viacom; and (xii) performed such other analyses and examinations and considered such other factors as we have in our sole judgment deemed appropriate. For purposes of our analysis and opinion, we have assumed and relied, without independent verification, upon the accuracy and completeness of the information reviewed by us or reviewed for us for purposes of this opinion. With respect to the financial projections of CBS and Viacom and the underlying analysis concerning the potential Synergies which were furnished to us or reviewed for us by the managements of CBS and Viacom, we have assumed that they have been reasonably prepared on bases reflecting the best currently available estimates and good faith judgments of the future competitive, operating and regulatory environments and related financial performance of CBS and Viacom. We have not made nor assumed any responsibility for making any independent valuation or appraisal of the assets or liabilities of CBS or Viacom, nor have we been furnished with any such appraisals. Our opinion is necessarily based on economic, market and other conditions as in effect on, and the information and Agreements made available to us as of, the date hereof. We have, with your approval, assumed the Merger will qualify as a tax-free reorganization within the meaning of Section 368 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Our opinion does not address CBS's underlying business decision to effect the Merger nor constitute a recommendation to any CBS shareholder as to how such holder should vote with respect to the Merger. Furthermore, we express no opinion as to the price or range of prices at which the shares of Viacom Class B Common Stock will trade subsequent to the consummation of the Merger. For purposes of rendering our opinion, we have assumed, in all respects material to our analysis, that the representations and warranties of each party contained in the Merger Agreement are true and correct, that each party will perform all the covenants and agreements required under the Merger Agreement, and that all conditions to the consummation of the Merger will be satisfied without waiver thereof. We have acted as financial advisor to the Board of Directors of CBS in connection with the Merger and will receive a fee for our services upon the rendering of this opinion. In the past, Evercore Partners Inc. has provided financial advisory services for CBS and has received fees for the rendering of these services. It is understood that this letter and the opinion expressed herein is for the information of the Board of Directors of CBS and may not be quoted or referred to or relied upon or used for any other purpose without our prior written consent except as we and our affiliates have otherwise agreed with CBS in writing. Based upon and subject to the foregoing, it is our opinion that, as of the date hereof, the Exchange Ratio is fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of CBS Common Stock. Very truly yours, Evercore Group Inc. /s/ David G. Offensend By: _________________________________ David G. Offensend Vice Chairman I-2 EXHIBIT 99.2 Preliminary Proxy Materials CBS CORPORATION Proxy solicited by the Board of Directors for Special Meeting of Shareholders, , 1999 (See Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus for discussion of item 1.) The undersigned hereby appoints David T. McLaughlin, Mel Karmazin and Louis J. Briskman and each of them, jointly and severally, as proxies, with power of substitution, to vote all shares of CBS Corporation common stock which the undersigned is entitled to vote on all matters which may properly come before the Special Meeting of Shareholders of CBS Corporation or any adjournment thereof. Attendance of the undersigned at the meeting or any adjourned session of the meeting will not be deemed to revoke this proxy unless the undersigned affirmatively indicates the intention of the undersigned to vote the shares represented by this proxy in person before the exercise of this proxy. If you are a participant in an employee savings plan (or 401(k) Plan) through which you own an interest in CBS common stock, this proxy card will also constitute your voting instructions to the trustee of that plan. (change of address) ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- If you have written in the above space, please mark the corresponding box on the reverse side of this card. CBS CORPORATION P. O. BOX 11009 NEW YORK, N.Y. 10203-0009 You are encouraged to specify your choice by marking the appropriate box on the reverse side. The proxies cannot vote your shares unless you sign and return this proxy card. (Continued, and to be signed and dated, on the reverse side.) (continued from other side) PRELIMINARY PROXY MATERIALS DETACH PROXY CARD HERE - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE FOR ITEM 1. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. To adopt the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 6, 1999, as amended and restated as of October 8, 1999 and as of November 23, 1999, among CBS Corporation, Viacom Inc., and Viacom/CBS LLC. FOR [_] AGAINST [_] ABSTAIN [_] The shares represented by this Proxy Card will be voted as specified above, but if no specification is made they will be voted FOR Item 1. They will be voted at the discretion of the proxies on any other matter that may properly come before the meeting. Please sign, date and return promptly in the accompanying envelope. Note: Please sign exactly as name appears hereon. Joint owners should each sign. When signing as attorney, executor, administrator, trustee or guardian, give full name and title as such. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Signature of Share Owner(s) - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Signature of Share Owner(s) Dated: ___________________________________________________________________, 1999 Votes MUST be indicated (x) in black or blue ink. [_] To change your address, mark this box and correct on reverse side. [_] If you plan to attend the Special Meeting, please check this box. [_] -----END PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE-----