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Consolidated Securitization Vehicles
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Notes to Financial Statements  
Consolidated Securitization Vehicles
Note 11. Consolidated Securitization Vehicles
 
As of December 31, 2011, our consolidated balance sheet includes an aggregate $1.0 billion of assets and $1.2 billion of liabilities related to nine consolidated securitization vehicles. Our consolidated securitization vehicles include two categories of entities: (i) collateralized debt obligations sponsored and issued by us, which we refer to as CT CDOs and (ii) other consolidated securitization vehicles which were not issued or sponsored by us. We have historically consolidated the CT CDOs; however we began consolidating the additional securitization vehicles as of January 1, 2010, as discussed in Note 2.
 
CT CDOs
 
We currently consolidate four collateralized debt obligation, or CDO, entities, which are VIEs that were sponsored by us. These CT CDOs invest in commercial real estate debt instruments, some of which we originated/acquired and transferred to the CDO entities, and are financed by the debt and equity they issue. We are named as collateral manager of all four CT CDOs and are named special servicer on a number of CDO collateral assets. As a result of consolidation, our subordinate debt and equity ownership interests in these CT CDOs have been eliminated, and our balance sheet reflects both the assets held and debt issued by these CDOs to third-parties. Similarly, our operating results and cash flows include the gross amounts related to the assets and liabilities of the CT CDO entities, as opposed to our net economic interests in these entities. Fees earned by us for the management of these CDOs are eliminated in consolidation.
 
Our interest in the assets held by these CT CDOs, which are consolidated on our balance sheet, is restricted by the structural provisions of these entities, and our recovery of these assets will be limited by the CDOs’ distribution provisions, which are subject to change due to covenant breaches or asset impairments, as further described below in this Note 11. The liabilities of the CT CDOs, which are also consolidated on our balance sheet, are non-recourse to us, and can generally only be satisfied from each CDOs’ respective asset pool.
 
We are not obligated to provide, nor have we provided, any financial support to these CT CDOs.
 
Other Consolidated Securitization Vehicles
 
As discussed above, we currently consolidate five additional securitization vehicles, all of which are substantially similar to the CT CDOs. These securitization vehicles invest in commercial real estate debt instruments, which investments were not originated or transferred to the entities by us. In addition to our investment in the subordinate classes of the securities issued by these vehicles, we are named special servicer on a number of their assets. As a result of consolidation, our ownership interests in these consolidation vehicles have been eliminated, and our balance sheet reflects both the assets held and debt issued by these vehicles to third-parties. Similarly, our operating results and cash flows include the gross amounts related to the assets and liabilities of the securitization vehicles, as opposed to our net economic interests in these entities. Special servicing fees paid to us on assets owned by these vehicles are eliminated in consolidation.
 
Our interest in the assets held by these securitization vehicles, which are consolidated on our balance sheet, is restricted by the structural provisions of these entities, and a recovery of our investment in the vehicles will be limited by each entity’s distribution provisions. The liabilities of the securitization vehicles, which are also consolidated on our balance sheet, are non-recourse to us, and can generally only be satisfied from each vehicle’s respective asset pool.
 
During the third quarter of 2011, realized losses on a loan held by the consolidated MSC 2007-XLFA securitization vehicle resulted in a complete loss to our subordinate investment in MSC 2007-XLFA. Accordingly, we were no longer considered the primary beneficiary of MSC 2007-XLFA and ceased consolidating it under GAAP. Also during the third quarter of 2011, we consolidated a new securitization vehicle, GECMC 2000-1. A realized loss on a loan held by GECMC 2000-1 resulted in a complete loss to the investments in the vehicle subordinate to us and made our investment in GECMC 2000-1 the most subordinate in the remaining securitization structure. Accordingly, we then became the primary beneficiary of GECMC 2000-1 and began consolidating it under GAAP. We have previously accounted for GECMC 2000-1 as a security in our CT Legacy REIT portfolio.
 
We are not obligated to provide, nor have we provided, any financial support to these consolidated securitization vehicles. In addition, three of these five investments have been made through our CT CDOs, which limits our exposure to loss as discussed above. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2011, our maximum exposure to loss as a result of our investment in these vehicles is limited to $75.5 million, the face amount of our investment in the two securitization vehicles not held by our CT CDOs. As a result of consolidation, we have recognized losses on collateral assets in excess of our investment in these entities, resulting in a zero net exposure to loss as of December 31, 2011.
 
 
As described in Note 2, our consolidated balance sheets separately present: (i) our direct assets and liabilities, (ii) the direct assets and liabilities of CT Legacy REIT, and (iii) the assets and liabilities of consolidated securitization vehicles, some of which are subsidiaries of CT Legacy REIT. The following disclosures relate specifically to the assets and liabilities of consolidated securitization vehicles, as separately stated on our consolidated balance sheets.
 
A. Securities Held-to-Maturity – Consolidated Securitization Vehicles
 
Our consolidated securitization vehicles’ securities portfolio consists of CMBS, CDOs, and other securities. Activity relating to these securities for the year ended December 31, 2011 was as follows (in thousands):
 
   
CMBS
   
CDOs &
Other
     
Total
Book Value (1)
 
                     
December 31, 2010
    $456,312       $48,011         $504,323  
                           
Principal paydowns
    (49,016 )     (45,205 )       (94,221 )
Consolidation of securitization vehicle (2)
    (1,000 )             (1,000 )
Discount/premium amortization & other (3)
    37       (871 )       (834 )
Other-than-temporary impairments:
                   
Recognized in earnings
    (46,413 )             (46,413 )
Recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income
    (2,883 )             (2,883 )
December 31, 2011
    $357,037       $1,935         $358,972  
     
(1)
Includes securities with a total face value of $490.9 million and $594.4 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
(2) 
Beginning in the third quarter of 2011, CT CDO I consolidated an additional securitization vehicle, which was previously accounted for as part of its securities portfolio with a net book value of $1.0 million. See the introduction to this Note 11 for additional discussion.
(3) 
Includes mark-to-market adjustments on securities previously classified as available-for-sale, amortization of other-than-temporary impairments, and losses, if any.
 
As of both December 31, 2011 and 2010, all of our consolidated securitization vehicles’ securities were classified as held-to-maturity.
 
The following table allocates the book value of our consolidated securitization vehicles’ securities as of December 31, 2011 between their amortized cost basis, amounts related to mark-to-market adjustments on securities previously classified as available-for-sale, and the portion of other-than-temporary impairments not related to expected credit losses (in thousands):
 
   
CMBS
   
CDOs &
Other
     
Total
Securities
 
Amortized cost basis
    $369,471       $1,935         $371,406  
Mark-to-market adjustments on securities previously classified as available-for-sale
    3,703               3,703  
Other-than-temporary impairments recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income
    (16,137 )             (16,137 )
Total book value as of Decembe 31, 2011
    $357,037       $1,935         $358,972  
 
 
The following table details overall statistics for our consolidated securitization vehicles’ securities portfolio as of December 31, 2011 and 2010:
 
   
December 31, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
Number of securities
 
52
 
56
Number of issues
 
36
 
40
Rating (1) (2)
 
BB+
 
BB+
Fixed / Floating (in millions) (3)
$358 / $1
 
$503 / $1
Coupon (1) (4)
 
6.49%
 
6.66%
Yield (1) (4)
 
7.41%
 
6.97%
Life (years) (1) (5)
 
2.5
 
3.4
     
(1)
Represents a weighted average as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
(2) 
Weighted average ratings are based on the lowest rating published by Fitch Ratings, Standard & Poor’s or Moody’s Investors Service for each security.
(3) 
Represents the aggregate net book value of the portfolio allocated between fixed rate and floating rate securities.
(4) 
Coupon is based on the securities’ contractual interest rates, while yield is based on expected cash flows for each security, and considers discounts/premiums and asset non-performance. Calculations for floating rate securities are based on LIBOR of 0.30% and 0.26% as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
(5) 
Weighted average life is based on the timing and amount of future expected principal payments through the expected repayment date of each respective investment.
 
The table below details the ratings and vintage distribution of our consolidated securitization vehicles’ securities as of December 31, 2011 (in thousands):
 
   
Rating as of December 31, 2011
Vintage
 
AAA
   
AA
      A    
BBB
   
BB
      B    
CCC and
Below
     
Total
 
2006
    $—       $—       $—       $—       $—       $—       $14,884         $14,884  
2005
                                        7,060         7,060  
2004
          24,780       1,935                                 26,715  
2003
    9,908                   3,011       1,966                     14,885  
2002
                            6,712             2,283         8,995  
2001
                                  5,426       1,730         7,156  
2000
    2,891                         19,935             3,985         26,811  
1999
                11,233       1,414       17,380                     30,027  
1998
    45,956       46,315       37,580       43,607       11,901             5,000         190,359  
1997
    4,434             16,159             5,223       2,762       3,502         32,080  
Total
    $63,189       $71,095       $66,907       $48,032       $63,117       $8,188       $38,444         $358,972  
 
 
The table below details the ratings and vintage distribution of our consolidated securitization vehicles’ securities as of December 31, 2010 (in thousands):
 
      Rating as of December 31, 2010
                                       
CCC and
         
Vintage
 
AAA
   
AA
      A    
BBB
   
BB
      B    
Below
     
Total
 
2006
    $—       $—       $—       $—       $—       $—       $15,248         $15,248  
2005
                                        22,033         22,033  
2004
          24,815       8,414                         2,400         35,629  
2003
    9,906                   3,020       1,959                     14,885  
2002
                      6,663             2,652               9,315  
2001
                      4,814       4,129             3,537         12,480  
2000
    2,923                                     26,017         28,940  
1999
                11,337       1,423       17,366                     30,126  
1998
    98,017       45,593       38,045       43,524       43,534             4,125         272,838  
1997
                26,124             5,182       3,360       3,546         38,212  
1996
    24,617                                             24,617  
Total
    $135,463       $70,408       $83,920       $59,444       $72,170       $6,012       $76,906         $504,323  
 
Other-than-temporary impairments
 
Quarterly, we reevaluate our consolidated securitization vehicles’ securities portfolio to determine if there has been an other-than-temporary impairment based upon expected future cash flows from each securities investment. As a result of this evaluation, under the accounting guidance discussed in Note 2, during the year ended December 31, 2011, we recorded a gross other-than-temporary impairment of $49.3 million. This gross other-than-temporary impairment includes $46.4 million related to expected credit losses which has been recorded through earnings, and $2.9 million of fair value adjustments in excess of expected credit losses, or Valuation Adjustments, which have been recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on our consolidated balance sheet with no impact on earnings.
 
To determine the component of the gross other-than-temporary impairment related to expected credit losses, we compare the amortized cost basis of each other-than-temporarily impaired security to the present value of its revised expected cash flows, discounted using its pre-impairment yield. Significant judgment of management is required in this analysis that includes, but is not limited to, (i) assumptions regarding the collectability of principal and interest on the underlying loans, net of related expenses, and (ii) current subordination levels at both the individual loans which serve as collateral under our securities and at the securities themselves.
 
The following table summarizes activity related to the other-than-temporary impairments of our consolidated securitization vehicles’ securities during the year ended December 31, 2011 (in thousands):
 
   
Gross Other-Than-
Temporary
Impairments
 
Credit Related
Other-Than-Temporary
Impairments
   
Non-Credit Related
Other-Than-Temporary
Impairments
 
                   
December 31, 2010
    $88,586       $74,576       $14,010  
                         
Additions due to change in expected cash flows
    49,296       46,412       2,884  
Amortization of other-than-temporary impairments
    646       1,403       (757 )
Reductions due to realized losses
    (8,168 )     (8,168 )      
December 31, 2011
    $130,360       $114,223       $16,137  
 
 
Unrealized losses and fair value of securities
 
Certain of our consolidated securitization vehicles’ securities are carried at values in excess of their fair values. This difference can be caused by, among other things, changes in credit spreads and interest rates. The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of securities for which the fair value is lower than their book value as of December 31, 2011 and that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired (in millions):
 
   
Less Than 12 Months
   
Greater Than 12 Months
     
Total
 
                                               
   
Estimated
Fair Value
   
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
   
Estimated
Fair Value
   
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
     
Estimated
Fair Value
   
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
     
Book Value (1)
 
                                               
Floating Rate
    $—       $—       $—       $—         $—       $—         $—  
                                                             
Fixed Rate
    154.1       (4.7 )     130.1       (11.1 )       284.2       (15.8 )       300.0  
                                                             
Total
    $154.1       ($4.7 )     $130.1       ($11.1 )       $284.2       ($15.8 )       $300.0  
     
(1)
Excludes, as of December 31, 2011, $59.0 million of securities which were carried at or below fair value and securities against which an other-than-temporary impairment equal to the entire book value was recognized in earnings.
 
As of December 31, 2011, 35 of our consolidated securitization vehicles' securities with an aggregate book value of $300.0 million were carried at values in excess of their fair values. Fair value for these securities was $284.2 million as of December 31, 2011. In total, as of December 31, 2011, our consolidated securitization vehicles had 52 investments in securities with an aggregate book value of $359.0 million that have an estimated fair value of $350.2 million, including 51 investments in CMBS with an estimated fair value of $348.3 million and one investment in CDOs and other securities with an estimated fair value of $1.9 million.
 
The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of our consolidated securitization vehicles’ securities for which the fair value is lower than our book value as of December 31, 2010 and that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired (in millions):
 
   
Less Than 12 Months
   
Greater Than 12 Months
        Total  
                                               
         
Gross
         
Gross
           
Gross
         
   
Estimated
   
Unrealized
   
Estimated
   
Unrealized
     
Estimated
   
Unrealized
         
   
Fair Value
   
Loss
   
Fair Value
   
Loss
     
Fair Value
   
Loss
     
Book Value (1)
 
                                               
Floating Rate
    $—       $—       $—       $—         $—       $—         $—  
                                                             
Fixed Rate
    29.3       (1.2 )     221.2       (37.4 )       250.5       (38.6 )       289.1  
                                                             
Total
    $29.3       ($1.2 )     $221.2       ($37.4 )       $250.5       ($38.6 )       $289.1  
     
(1)
Excludes, as of December 31, 2010, $215.2 million of securities which were carried at or below fair value and securities against which an other-than-temporary impairment equal to the entire book value was recognized in earnings.
 
As of December 31, 2010, 33 of our consolidated securitization vehicles’ securities with an aggregate book value of $289.1 million were carried at values in excess of their fair values. Fair value for these securities was $250.5 million as of December 31, 2010. In total, as of December 31, 2010, our consolidated securitization vehicles had 56 investments in securities with an aggregate book value of $504.3 million that have an estimated fair value of $475.3 million, including 54 investments in CMBS with an estimated fair value of $426.6 million and two investments in CDOs and other securities with an estimated fair value of $48.7 million. These valuations do not include the value of interest rate swaps entered into in conjunction with the purchase/financing of these investments, if any.
 
We determine fair values using third party dealer assessments of value, and our own internal financial model-based estimations of fair value. See Note 17 for further discussion of fair value. We regularly examine our consolidated securitization vehicles’ securities portfolio and have determined that, despite these differences between book value and fair value, our expectations of future cash flows have only changed adversely for 14 of our consolidated securitization vehicles’ securities, against which we have recognized other-than-temporary-impairments. See Note 10A for additional discussion of fair value estimations.
 
 
Investments in variable interest entities
 
Our consolidated securitization vehicles’ securities portfolio includes investments in both CMBS and CDOs, which securitization structures are generally considered VIEs. We have not consolidated these VIEs due to our determination that, based on the structural provisions of each entity and the nature of our investments, we do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact these entities' economic performance.
 
These securities were acquired through investment, and do not represent a securitization or other transfer of our assets. We are not named as special servicer on these investments.
 
We are not obligated to provide, nor have we provided, any financial support to these entities. As these securities are financed by our non-recourse CT CDOs, our exposure to loss is therefore limited to our interests in these consolidated entities. The notional amount of the subordinate debt and equity interests we retained in our CT CDOs is $233.7 million. After giving effect to certain transfers of these interests, provisions for loan losses and other-than-temporary impairments recorded as of December 31, 2011, our remaining net exposure to loss from these entities is $4.0 million.
 
B. Loans Receivable, Net – Consolidated Securitization Vehicles
 
Activity relating to our consolidated securitization vehicles’ loans receivable for the year ended December 31, 2011 was as follows (in thousands):
 
   
Gross Book
Value
   
Provision for
Loan Losses
     
Net Book
Value(1)
 
                     
December 31, 2010
    $3,145,968       ($254,589 )       $2,891,379  
                           
Satisfactions (2)
    (1,561,455 )             (1,561,455 )
Principal paydowns
    (145,784 )             (145,784 )
Deconsolidation of securitization vehicle (3)
    (595,920 )             (595,920 )
Consolidation of securitization vehicle (4)
    24,437       (2,000 )       22,437  
Discount/premium amortization & other
    929               929  
Recovery of provision for loan losses
          1,012         1,012  
Realized loan losses
    (53,603 )     53,603          
December 31, 2011
    $814,572       ($201,974 )       $612,598  
     
(1)
Includes loans with a total principal balance of $815.7 million and $3.2 billion as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
(2) 
Includes final maturities and full repayments.
(3) 
We no longer consolidate the MSC 2007-XLFA securitization vehicle beginning in the third quarter of 2011. See the introduction of Note 11 above for further discussion.
(4) 
We consolidated an additional securitization vehicle, GECMC 2000-1, beginning in the third quarter of 2011. See the introduction of Note 11 above for further discussion.
 
 
The following table details overall statistics for our consolidated securitization vehicles’ loans receivable portfolio as of December 31, 2011 and 2010:
 
   
December 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
Number of investments
    71       94  
Fixed / Floating (in millions) (1)
    $280 / $333       $213 / $2,678  
Coupon (2) (3)
    5.11%       2.27%  
Yield (2) (3)
    5.72%       2.27%  
Maturity (years) (2) (4)
    3.6       1.3  
     
(1)
Represents the aggregate net book value of the portfolio allocated between fixed rate and floating rate loans.
(2) 
Represents a weighted average as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
(3) 
Calculations for floating rate loans are based on LIBOR of 0.30% and 0.26% as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
(4) 
For loans in CT CDOs, assumes all extension options are executed. For loans in other consolidated securitization vehicles, maturity is based on information provided by the trustees of each respective entity.
 
The tables below detail the types of loans in our consolidated securitization vehicles’ loan portfolio, as well as the property type and geographic distribution of the properties securing these loans, as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 (in thousands):
 
   
December 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
Asset Type
 
Book Value
   
Percentage
   
Book Value
   
Percentage
 
Senior mortgages
    $241,323       39%       $2,225,983       76%  
Subordinate interests in
    mortgages
    225,773       36       333,622       11  
Mezzanine loans
    152,934       25       316,283       11  
Other
                22,850       2  
Total
    $620,030       100%       $2,898,738       100%  
 
Property Type
 
Book Value
   
Percentage
   
Book Value
   
Percentage
 
Office
    $317,940       51%       $825,292       28%  
Hotel
    174,419       28       611,435       21  
Retail
    72,701       12       178,146       7  
Healthcare
    18,837       3       1,156,880       40  
Other
    36,133       6       126,985       4  
Total
    $620,030       100%       $2,898,738       100%  
 
Geographic Location
 
Book Value
   
Percentage
   
Book Value
   
Percentage
 
Northeast
    $199,361       32%       $417,351       14%  
West
    152,774       25       163,932       6  
Southeast
    124,456       20       318,655       11  
Southwest
    57,046       9       172,088       6  
Midwest
    24,957       4       18,302       1  
Diversified
    61,436       10       1,808,410       62  
Total
    $620,030       100%       $2,898,738       100%  
                                 
Unallocated loan loss provision (1)
    (7,432 )             (7,359 )        
                                 
Net book value
    $612,598               $2,891,379          
     
(1)
We have recorded a general provision for loan losses against certain pools of smaller loans in our consolidated securitization vehicles. This general provision is not specifically allocable to any loan asset type, collateral property type, or geographic location, but rather to an overall pool of loans. See Note 2 for additional details.
 
 
Loan risk ratings
 
Quarterly, management evaluates our consolidated securitization vehicles’ loan portfolio for impairment as described in Note 2. In conjunction with our quarterly loan portfolio review, management assesses the performance of each loan, and assigns a risk rating based on several factors including risk of loss, LTV, collateral performance, structure, exit plan, and sponsorship. Loans are rated one (less risk) through eight (greater risk), which ratings are defined in Note 2.
 
The following table allocates the net book value and principal balance of our consolidated securitization vehicles’ loans receivable based on our internal risk ratings as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 (in thousands):
 
     
Loans Receivable as of December 31, 2011
     
Loans Receivable as of December 31, 2010
 
Risk
Rating (1)
 
Number
of Loans
 
Principal
Balance
   
Net
Book Value
     
Number
of Loans
   
Principal
Balance
   
Net
Book Value
 
  1 - 3       22       $416,032       $415,661         26       $2,031,176       $2,030,344  
  4 - 5       3       44,057       43,945         11       408,400       408,052  
  6 - 8       17       271,988       76,784         19       589,090       341,252  
  N/A       29       83,639       83,640         38       119,090       119,090  
                                                       
Total
      71       $815,716       $620,030         94       $3,147,756       $2,898,738  
                                                       
Unallocated loan loss provision:
      (7,432 )                       (7,359 )
                                                       
Net book value
              $612,598                         $2,891,379  
     
(1)
We have recorded a general provision for loan losses against certain pools of smaller loans in our consolidated securitization vehicles. These loans have not been individually risk-rated, but have been assessed for loss based on macroeconomic factors. See Note 2 for additional details.
 
In making this risk assessment, one of the primary factors we consider is how senior or junior each loan is relative to other debt obligations of the borrower. The following tables further allocate our consolidated securitization vehicles’ loans receivable by both loan type and our internal risk ratings as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 (in thousands):
 
     
Senior Mortgage Loans
     
as of December 31, 2011
   
as of December 31, 2010
Risk
Rating (1)
   
Number
of Loans
   
Principal
Balance
   
Net
Book Value
     
Number
of Loans
   
Principal
Balance
   
Net
Book Value
 
  1 - 3       10       $117,452       $117,452         12       $1,639,820       $1,639,815  
  4 - 5       1       12,551       12,551         6       335,043       335,043  
  6 - 8       4       43,988       27,680         3       193,983       143,676  
  N/A       29       83,639       83,640         36       107,449       107,449  
                                                       
Total
      44       $257,630       $241,323         57       $2,276,295       $2,225,983  
     
(1)
We have recorded a general provision for loan losses against certain pools of smaller loans in our consolidated securitization vehicles. These loans have not been individually risk-rated, but have been assessed for loss based on macroeconomic factors. See Note 2 for additional details.
 
 
     
Subordinate Interests in Mortgages
     
as of December 31, 2011
   
as of December 31, 2010
Risk
Rating (1)
   
Number
of Loans
   
Principal
Balance
   
Net
Book Value
     
Number
of Loans
   
Principal
Balance
   
Net
Book Value
 
  1 - 3       8       $175,560       $175,314         7       $189,323       $188,666  
  4 - 5       2       31,506       31,394         4       71,415       71,067  
  6 - 8       9       122,306       19,065         11       185,913       71,748  
  N/A                           1       2,141       2,141  
                                                       
Total
      19       $329,372       $225,773         23       $448,792       $333,622  
     
(1)
We have recorded a general provision for loan losses against certain pools of smaller loans in our consolidated securitization vehicles. These loans have not been individually risk-rated, but have been assessed for loss based on macroeconomic factors. See Note 2 for additional details.
 
     
Mezzanine & Other Loans
     
as of December 31, 2011
   
as of December 31, 2010
Risk
Rating (1)
   
Number
of Loans
   
Principal
Balance
   
Net
Book Value
     
Number
of Loans
   
Principal
Balance
   
Net
Book Value
 
  1 - 3       4       $123,020       $122,895         7       $202,033       $201,863  
  4 - 5                           1       1,942       1,942  
  6 - 8       4       105,694       30,039         5       209,194       125,828  
  N/A                           1       9,500       9,500  
                                                       
Total
      8       $228,714       $152,934         14       $422,669       $339,133  
     
(1)
We have recorded a general provision for loan losses against certain pools of smaller loans in our consolidated securitization vehicles. These loans have not been individually risk-rated, but have been assessed for loss based on macroeconomic factors. See Note 2 for additional details.
 
Loan impairments
 
The following table describes our consolidated securitization vehicles’ impaired loans as of December 31, 2011, including impaired loans that are current in their interest payments and those that are delinquent on contractual payments (in thousands):
 
   
December 31, 2011
Impaired Loans
 
No. of
Loans
   
Gross Book
Value
   
Provision for
Loan Loss
     
Net Book Value
 
Performing loans
    4       $82,500       ($65,572 )       $16,928  
Non-performing loans
    7       154,929       (128,970 )       25,959  
                                   
Total impaired loans
    11       $237,429       ($194,542 )       $42,887  
 
In addition, as described in Note 2, we have recorded a $7.4 million general provision for loan losses against 40 loans in our consolidated securitization vehicles with an aggregate principal balance of $117.8 million.
 
 
The following table details the allocation of our consolidated securitization vehicles’ provision for loan losses as of December 31, 2011 (in thousands):
 
   
December 31, 2011
 
Impaired Loans
 
Principal Balance
   
Provision for
Loan Loss
   
Loss Severity
 
Subordinate interests in mortgages
    $108,607       $102,582       94%  
Mezzanine & other loans
    96,193       75,654       79  
Senior mortgages
    33,234       16,307       49  
Unallocated (1)
    117,762       7,431       6  
Total/Weighted Average
    $355,796       $201,974       57%  
     
(1)
We have recorded a general provision for loan losses against certain pools of smaller loans in our consolidated securitization vehicles. This general provision is not specifically allocable to any loan asset type, but rather to an overall pool of loans. See Note 2 for additional details.
 
Generally, we have recorded provisions for loan loss against all loans which are in maturity default, or otherwise have past-due principal payments. As of December 31, 2011, our consolidated securitization vehicles had two loans with an aggregate net book value of $40.6 million which were in maturity default but had no provision recorded. We expect to collect all principal and interest due under these loans upon their resolution.
 
The following table details our consolidated securitization vehicles’ average balance of impaired loans by loan type, and the income recorded on such loans subsequent to their impairment during the year ended December 31, 2011 (in thousands):
 
Income on Impaired Loans for the Year Ended December 31, 2011
 
Asset Type
 
Average Net
Book Value
   
Income
Recorded (1)
 
Senior Mortgage Loans
    $52,311       $3,539  
Subordinate Interests in Mortgages
    14,457       2,155  
Mezzanine & Other Loans
    93,470       4,630  
                 
Total
    $160,238       $10,324  
     
(1)
Substantially all of the income recorded on impaired loans during the period was received in cash.
 
Nonaccrual loans
 
In accordance with our revenue recognition policies discussed in Note 2, we do not accrue interest on loans which are 90 days past due or, in the opinion of management, are otherwise uncollectable. Accordingly, we do not have any material interest receivable accrued on nonperforming loans as of December 31, 2011.
 
The following table details our consolidated securitization vehicles’ loans receivable which are on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2011 (in thousands):
 
Non-Accrual Loans Receivable as of December 31, 2011
 
Asset Type
 
Principal
Balance
   
Net
Book Value
 
Senior Mortgage Loans
    $—       $—  
Subordinate Interests in Mortgages
    107,201       38,419  
Mezzanine & Other Loans
    96,194       20,539  
                 
Total
    $203,395       $58,958  
 
Loan modifications
 
During the year ended December 31, 2011, four modifications of loans in consolidated securitization vehicles were considered troubled debt restructurings, as defined under GAAP. A troubled debt restructuring is generally any modification of a loan to a borrower that is experiencing financial difficulties, where a lender agrees to terms that are more favorable to the borrower than is otherwise available in the current market. These loan modifications included: (i) a 28-month extension of a $33.0 million subordinate mortgage interest, (ii) a four-month extension of a $6.6 million subordinate mortgage interest, (iii) a two-year extension of a $13.7 million subordinate mortgage interest coupled with a 2% increase in rate on a deferred basis, and (iv) a two-year forbearance of a $15.0 million subordinate mortgage interest coupled with a 1% decrease in rate. All four of these loans have been individually assessed for impairment, and other than a $3.3 million impairment previously recorded against the $6.6 million subordinate mortgage interest and a 100% impairment previously recorded against the $15.0 million subordinate mortgage interest, no additional impairment was necessary.
 
 
C. Real Estate Held-for-Sale – Consolidated Securitization Vehicles
 
Activity relating to our consolidated securitization vehicles’ real estate held-for-sale for the year ended December 31, 2011 was as follows (in thousands):
 
   
Gross Book
Value
   
Other-Than-Temporary
Impairment
     
Net Book
Value
 
                     
December 31, 2010
    $15,068       ($7,013 )       $8,055  
                           
Consolidation of additional securitization
    vehicles (1)
    9,892       (6,550 )       3,342  
Impairment of real estate held-for-sale
          (1,055 )       (1,055 )
                           
December 31, 2011
    $24,960       ($14,618 )       $10,342  
     
(1)
As further described above, we began consolidating an additional securitization vehicle in the third quarter of 2011. This newly consolidated vehicle held an investment in real estate held-for-sale with a net book value of $3.3 million at the time of consolidation.
 
 
D. Debt Obligations – Consolidated Securitization Vehicles
 
As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, our consolidated securitization vehicles had $1.2 billion and $3.6 billion of total non-recourse securitized debt obligations outstanding, respectively. The balances of each entity’s outstanding securitized debt obligations, their respective coupons and all-in effective costs, including the amortization of fees and expenses, were as follows (in thousands):
 
   
December 31,
2011
   
December 31,
2010
     
December 31,
2011
 
Non-Recourse
Securitized Debt Obligations
 
Principal
Balance
   
Book
Value
   
Book
Value
     
Coupon(1)
   
All-In
Cost(1)
   
Maturity
Date(2)
 
CT CDOs
                                     
CT CDO I
    $121,409       $121,409       $199,573         1.19 %     1.19 %  
July 2039
 
CT CDO II
    199,751       199,751       262,281         0.91 %     1.22 %  
March 2050
 
CT CDO III
    199,138       199,553       239,911         5.26 %     5.17 %  
June 2035
 
CT CDO IV (3)
    221,540       221,540       280,820         1.07 %     1.21 %  
October 2043
 
Total CT CDOs
    741,838       742,253       982,585         2.17 %     2.27 %  
July 2042
 
                                                 
Other securitization vehicles
                                         
GMACC 1997-C1
    83,672       83,672       98,154         7.09 %     7.09 %  
July 2029
 
GECMC 00-1 H
    24,847       24,847       N/A         5.50 %     5.50 %  
August 2027
 
GSMS 2006-FL8A
    50,552       50,552       125,598         1.43 %     1.43 %  
June 2020
 
JPMCC 2005-FL1A
                95,695         N/A       N/A       N/A  
MSC 2007-XLFA
                751,131         N/A       N/A       N/A  
MSC 2007-XLCA
    310,083       310,083       522,137         2.44 %     2.44 %  
July 2017
 
CSFB 2006-HC1
                1,045,929         N/A       N/A       N/A  
Total other securitization vehicles
    469,154       469,154       2,638,644         3.33 %     3.33 %  
June 2020
 
                                                   
Total/Weighted Average
    $1,210,992       $1,211,407       $3,621,229         2.62 %     2.68 % (4)  
December 2033
 
     
(1)
Represents a weighted average for each respective facility, assuming LIBOR of 0.30% at December 31, 2011 for floating rate debt obligations.
(2) 
Maturity dates represent the contractual maturity of each securitization trust. Repayment of securitized debt is a function of collateral cash flows which are disbursed in accordance with the contractual provisions of each trust, and is generally expected to occur prior to the maturity data above.
(3) 
Comprised, at December 31, 2011, of $208.2 million of floating rate notes sold and $13.3 million of fixed rate notes sold.
(4) 
Including the impact of interest rate hedges with an aggregate notional balance of $296.6 million as of December 31, 2011, the effective all-in cost of our consolidated securitization vehicles’ debt obligations would be 3.98% per annum.
 
As discussed above in the introduction to this Note 11, our consolidated securitization vehicles generally include two categories of entities: (i) collateralized debt obligations sponsored and issued by us, which we refer to as CT CDOs and (ii) other consolidated securitization vehicles which were not issued or sponsored by us. We have historically consolidated the CT CDOs; however we began consolidating the additional securitization vehicles as of January 1, 2010.
 
CT CDOs
 
As of December 31, 2011, our outstanding CT CDOs included four separate issuances with a total face value of $741.8 million. As of December 31, 2011, loans receivable and securities with a book balance of $208.3 million and $359.0 million, respectively, were financed by our CT CDOs. As of December 31, 2010, loans receivable and securities with a book balance of $299.9 million and $504.3 million, respectively, were financed by our CT CDOs.
 
CT CDO I and CT CDO II each have interest coverage and overcollateralization tests, which, when breached, provide for hyper-amortization of the senior notes sold by a redirection of cash flow that would otherwise have been paid to the subordinate classes, some of which are owned by us. Furthermore, all four of our CT CDOs provide for the re-classification of interest proceeds from impaired collateral as principal proceeds, which also serve to hyper-amortize the senior notes sold.
 
During 2009, we were informed by our CDO trustee of impairments due to rating agency downgrades of certain of the securities which serve as collateral in all of our CT CDOs. These impairments, combined with the non-performance of certain loan collateral, resulted in breaches of interest coverage and overcollateralization tests at CT CDO I and CT CDO II, as well as the reclassification of interest proceeds from the impaired collateral as principal proceeds in all four of our CT CDOs. Other than collateral management fees, we currently do not receive any cash payments from CT CDO I, CT CDO II, and CT CDO IV, and receive irregular cash payments from CT CDO III.
 
 
Further, due to the hyper-amortization of senior notes, certain subordinate classes are accruing unpaid interest, resulting in an increased liability to these classes. As senior notes which carry a lower rate of interest continue to hyper-amortize, and certain subordinate notes continue to accrue deferred interest, the weighted-average cost of debt for our CT CDOs has and will continue to increase.
 
When we formed (and reinvested) our four CT CDOs, we made certain representations and warranties with respect to Capital Trust, Inc. and the loans and securities that we contributed as collateral to these CT CDOs. In the event that these representations or warranties are proved to have been untrue at the time that the respective collateral was contributed, we may be required to repurchase certain of those loans and securities. These representations and warranties generally relate to specific corporate and asset related subjects, including, among other things, proper corporate authorization; compliance with laws and regulations; ownership of the assets; title to, lack of liens encumbering, and adequate insurance covering the underlying collateral properties; and the lack of existing loan defaults.
 
The maximum potential amount of future payment we may be required to make to repurchase assets is $855.2 million, the current face amount of all loans and securities in our four CT CDOs. In certain cases, we may be able to reduce the impact of any such purchase obligation through recoveries from the exercise of remedies against the institution from which we acquired the asset and received substantially the same representations and warranties. This potential recoverable amount is not currently estimable and would depend on the nature of the representation and warranty breached and the circumstances under which each asset was transferred to the CT CDO. Since inception, we have not been required to repurchase any assets nor have we received any notice of assertion of a potential breach of any representation or warranty. Any payment required to repurchase a loan or security could materially impact our liquidity.
 
Other Consolidated Securitization Vehicles
 
In addition to the CT CDOs sponsored by us, which are discussed above, we also have consolidated other securitization vehicles beginning on January 1, 2010, as discussed in Note 2. The debt obligations of these entities are separately presented on our consolidated balance sheet along with the CT CDOs issued by us, as they are also securitized, non-recourse obligations. These obligations will generally be satisfied with the repayment of assets in each such entity’s collateral pool, or will be discharged when losses are realized. As of December 31, 2011, loans receivable with an aggregate book value of $404.3 million serve as collateral for the securities issued by these other consolidated securitization vehicles.
 
E. Derivative Financial Instruments – Consolidated Securitization Vehicles
 
The following table summarizes the notional amounts and fair values of our consolidated securitization vehicles’ interest rate swaps as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 (in thousands). The notional amount provides an indication of the extent of our involvement in the instruments at that time, but does not represent exposure to credit or interest rate risk.
 
Counterparty
 
December 31, 2011
Notional Amount
   
Interest Rate (1)
   
Maturity
   
December 31,
2011
Fair Value
   
December 31,
2010
Fair Value
 
Swiss RE Financial
    $236,355       5.10 %     2015       ($20,540 )     ($24,037 )
Bank of America
    44,562       4.58 %     2014       (2,368 )     (3,331 )
Morgan Stanley
          3.95 %     2011             (398 )
Bank of America
    10,535       5.05 %     2016       (1,461 )     (1,267 )
Bank of America
    5,104       4.12 %     2016       (573 )     (422 )
Morgan Stanley
          5.31 %     2011             (7 )
Total/Weighted Average
    $296,556       5.00 %     2015       ($24,942 )     ($29,462 )
     
(1)
Represents the gross fixed interest rate we pay to our counterparties under these derivative instruments. We receive an amount of interest indexed to one-month LIBOR on all of our interest rate swaps.
 
As of both December 31, 2011 and 2010, all of the derivative financial instruments of our consolidated securitization vehicles were classified as cash flow hedges, and recorded at fair value as interest rate hedge liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet.
 
 
The table below shows amounts recorded to other comprehensive income and amounts recorded to interest expense from other comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 (in thousands):
 
   
Amount of net loss recognized
   
Amount of loss reclassified from OCI
 
   
in OCI for the year ended (1)
   
to income for the year ended (2)
 
                         
Hedge
 
December 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
   
December 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
                                 
Interest rate swaps
    ($4,520 )     ($2,696 )     ($15,041 )     ($16,343 )
     
(1)
Represents the amount of unrealized gains and losses recorded to other comprehensive income during the period, net of the amount reclassified to interest expense.
(2) 
Represents net amounts paid to swap counterparties during the period, which are included in interest expense, offset by an immaterial amount of non-cash swap amortization.
 
All of our consolidated securitization vehicles’ interest rate swaps were classified as highly effective for all of the periods presented. Over the next twelve months, as we make payments under our hedge agreements, we expect approximately $12.4 million to be reclassified from other comprehensive income to interest expense. This amount is generally equal to the present value of expected payments under the respective derivative contracts.
 
As of December 31, 2011, our consolidated securitization vehicles have not posted any assets as collateral under derivative agreements.