10-Q 1 d10q.htm FORM 10-Q Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-Q

 

 

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number: 001-16201

 

 

GLOBAL CROSSING LIMITED

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

BERMUDA   98-0407042

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

WESSEX HOUSE

45 REID STREET

HAMILTON HM 12, BERMUDA

(Address Of Principal Executive Offices)

(441) 296-8600

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer  ¨    Accelerated filer  x     Non-accelerated filer  ¨    Smaller reporting company  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.    Yes  x    No  ¨

The number of shares of the Registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding as of November 1, 2008 was 56,319,114.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

GLOBAL CROSSING LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX

 

          Page

PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

  

Item 1.

   Financial Statements    3

Item 2.

   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    21

Item 3.

   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk    37

Item 4.

   Controls and Procedures    37

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

  

Item 1.

   Legal Proceedings    38

Item 1A.

   Risk Factors    38

Item 6.

   Exhibits    39

 

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Financial Statements

GLOBAL CROSSING LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in millions, except share and per share information)

 

     September 30,
2008
    December 31,
2007
 
     (unaudited)        

ASSETS:

    

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 346     $ 397  

Restricted cash and cash equivalents—current portion

     21       18  

Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $65 and $52

     354       345  

Prepaid costs and other current assets

     134       121  
                

Total current assets

     855       881  
                

Restricted cash and cash equivalents—long term

     13       35  

Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $836 and $664

     1,397       1,467  

Intangible assets, net (including goodwill of $169 and $158)

     199       193  

Other assets

     78       91  
                

Total assets

   $ 2,542     $ 2,667  
                

LIABILITIES:

    

Current liabilities:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 309     $ 286  

Accrued cost of access

     109       107  

Short term debt and current portion of long term debt

     34       26  

Accrued restructuring costs—current portion

     16       17  

Deferred revenue—current portion

     157       164  

Other current liabilities

     418       395  
                

Total current liabilities

     1,043       995  
                

Long term debt

     1,208       1,249  

Obligations under capital leases

     102       123  

Deferred revenue

     301       262  

Accrued restructuring costs

     16       20  

Other deferred liabilities

     71       81  
                

Total liabilities

     2,741       2,730  
                

SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT:

    

Common stock, 110,000,000 shares authorized, $.01 par value, 56,310,390 and 54,552,045 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively

     1       1  

Preferred stock with controlling shareholder, 45,000,000 shares authorized, $.10 par value, 18,000,000 shares issued to controlling shareholder and outstanding

     2       2  

Additional paid-in capital

     1,388       1,307  

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (32 )     (42 )

Accumulated deficit

     (1,558 )     (1,331 )
                

Total shareholders’ deficit

     (199 )     (63 )
                

Total liabilities and shareholders’ deficit

   $ 2,542     $ 2,667  
                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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GLOBAL CROSSING LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in millions, except share and per share information)

(unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2008     2007     2008     2007  

Revenue

   $ 667     $ 594     $ 1,950     $ 1,645  

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and
amortization, shown separately below):

        

Cost of access

     (310 )     (288 )     (915 )     (853 )

Real estate, network and operations

     (109 )     (103 )     (320 )     (292 )

Third party maintenance

     (28 )     (26 )     (83 )     (75 )

Cost of equipment sales

     (25 )     (18 )     (71 )     (66 )
                                

Total cost of revenue

     (472 )     (435 )     (1,389 )     (1,286 )

Selling, general and administrative

     (125 )     (98 )     (390 )     (332 )

Depreciation and amortization

     (84 )     (73 )     (244 )     (186 )
                                

Total operating expenses

     (681 )     (606 )     (2,023 )     (1,804 )
                                

Operating loss

     (14 )     (12 )     (73 )     (159 )

Other income (expense):

        

Interest income

     2       5       8       17  

Interest expense

     (42 )     (51 )     (131 )     (133 )

Other income (expense), net

     (25 )     (16 )     3       2  
                                

Loss before reorganization items and benefit (provision)
for income taxes

     (79 )     (74 )     (193 )     (273 )

Net gain on preconfirmation contingencies

     5       2       9       2  
                                

Loss before benefit (provision) for income taxes

     (74 )     (72 )     (184 )     (271 )

Benefit (provision) for income taxes

     4       (16 )     (43 )     (37 )
                                

Net loss

     (70 )     (88 )     (227 )     (308 )

Preferred stock dividends

     (1 )     (1 )     (3 )     (3 )
                                

Loss applicable to common shareholders

   $ (71 )   $ (89 )   $ (230 )   $ (311 )
                                

Loss per common share, basic and diluted:

        

Loss applicable to common shareholders

   $ (1.26 )   $ (2.14 )   $ (4.14 )   $ (8.10 )
                                

Weighted average number of common shares

     56,176,273       41,515,404       55,526,762       38,398,858  
                                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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GLOBAL CROSSING LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited)

(in millions)

 

     Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2008     2007  

Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities:

    

Net loss

   $ (227 )   $ (308 )

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

    

Loss on sale of marketable securities

     2       —    

Gain on settlement of contracts due to Impsat acquisition

     —         (27 )

Non-cash inducement charge for conversion of debt

     —         30  

Non-cash income tax provision

     24       31  

Non-cash stock compensation expense

     61       47  

Depreciation and amortization

     244       186  

Provision for doubtful accounts

     7       5  

Amortization of prior period IRUs

     (13 )     (8 )

Gain on preconfirmation contingencies

     (9 )     (2 )

Change in long term deferred revenue

     60       50  

Change in operating working capital

     (26 )     (99 )

Other

     1       (14 )
                

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

     124       (109 )
                

Cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities:

    

Purchases of property and equipment

     (143 )     (154 )

Purchases of marketable securities

     (11 )     —    

Proceeds from sale of property and equipment

     4       —    

Proceeds from sale of marketable securities

     12       4  

Payment for Impsat, net of cash acquired

     —         (76 )

Change in restricted cash and cash equivalents

     18       (56 )
                

Net cash used in investing activities

     (120 )     (282 )
                

Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities:

    

Proceeds from long term debt

     7       597  

Repayment of capital lease obligations

     (44 )     (30 )

Repayment of long term debt

     (12 )     (249 )

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

     1       4  

Finance costs incurred

     —         (24 )
                

Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities

     (48 )     298  
                

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     (7 )     3  
                

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

     (51 )     (90 )

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

     397       459  
                

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

   $ 346     $ 369  
                

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

    

Capital lease and debt obligations incurred

   $ 34     $ 59  
                

Conversion of debt, accrued interest and accrued consent fees to equity

   $ —       $ 329  
                

Accrued interest converted to convertible notes

   $ —       $ 6  
                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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GLOBAL CROSSING LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in millions, except countries, cities, employees, share and per share information)

(unaudited)

 

1. BACKGROUND AND ORGANIZATION

Global Crossing Limited (“GCL”) and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) are a communications solutions provider, offering a suite of Internet Protocol (“IP”) and legacy telecommunications services in most major business centers in the world. The Company serves many of the world’s largest corporations and many other telecommunications carriers, providing a full range of managed data and voice products and services that support a migration path to a fully converged IP environment. The Company offers these services using a global IP-based network that directly connects approximately 400 cities in more than 45 countries and delivers services to more than 690 cities in more than 60 countries around the world. The vast majority of the Company’s revenue is generated from monthly services. The Company reports its financial results based on three separate operating segments: (i) Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Ltd (“GCUK”) and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “GCUK Segment”); (ii) GC Impsat Holdings I Plc (“GC Impsat”) and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “GC Impsat Segment”); and (iii) GCL and its other subsidiaries (collectively, the “Rest of World Segment” or “ROW Segment”) (see Note 13).

 

2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Accordingly, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2007 filed with the SEC on Form 10-K. These condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company over which it exercises control. In the opinion of management, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of interim results for the Company. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses and cash flows during the periods presented. Actual amounts and results could differ from those estimates. The estimates the Company makes are based on historical factors, current circumstances and the experience and judgment of the Company’s management. The Company evaluates its assumptions and estimates on an ongoing basis and may employ third party experts to assist in the Company’s evaluations.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No.157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”). SFAS No. 157 clarifies that fair value is the amount that would be exchanged to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants and requires that a fair value measurement technique include an adjustment for risks inherent in a particular valuation technique and/or the risks inherent in the inputs to the model if market participants would also include such an adjustment. SFAS No. 157 also expands disclosures about fair value measurements. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. 157-1, “Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB Statement No. 13 and Other Accounting Pronouncements That Address Fair Value Measurements for Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurement under Statement 13” (“FSP No. 157-1”), which removed certain leasing transactions accounted for under SFAS No. 13, “Accounting for Leases” (“SFAS No. 13”), from the scope of SFAS No. 157, and FASB Staff Position No. 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157” (“FSP No. 157-2”), which delayed the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for certain nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities to January 1, 2009, amending SFAS No. 157 (“SFAS No. 157, as amended”). In October 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset is Not Active” (“FSP No. 157-3”), which amended SFAS No. 157 to include an additional example illustrating the key considerations in determining the fair value of a financial asset when the market for that financial asset is not active. The Company adopted the effective provisions of SFAS No. 157, as amended, as of January 1, 2008 which did not have any impact on the Company’s consolidated position or results of operations (see Note 14). The Company’s evaluation of the impact of this standard is ongoing, and the Company has not yet determined the impact of the deferred portion of this standard on our financial position or results of operations.

 

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The FASB issued SFAS No.159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS No. 159”), in February 2007. SFAS No. 159 allows entities to voluntarily choose, at specified election dates, to measure many financial assets and financial liabilities (as well as certain non-financial instruments that are similar to financial instruments) at fair value (the “fair value option”). The election is made on an instrument-by-instrument basis and is irrevocable. If the fair value option is elected for an instrument, SFAS No. 159 specifies that all subsequent changes in fair value for that instrument shall be reported in earnings. The provisions of SFAS No. 159 are effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. While SFAS No. 159 became effective for the Company as of January 1, 2008, the Company did not elect the fair value option for any of our financial assets or liabilities. As such, the adoption of SFAS No. 159 did not have an impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS No. 141R”). SFAS No. 141R will change how business acquisitions are accounted for and will impact financial statements both in periods before the acquisition date and in subsequent periods. SFAS No. 141R applies to all transactions or other events in which an entity (the acquirer) obtains control of one or more businesses (the acquiree), including those sometimes referred to as “true mergers” or “mergers of equals” and combinations achieved without the transfer of consideration, for example, by contract alone or through the lapse of minority veto rights. SFAS No. 141R is generally to be applied prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Early adoption is prohibited.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51” (“SFAS No. 160”). SFAS No. 160 will change the accounting and reporting for minority interests, which will be recharacterized as noncontrolling interests and classified as a component of equity. SFAS No. 160 applies to all entities that prepare consolidated financial statements, except not-for-profit organizations, but will affect only those entities that have an outstanding noncontrolling interest in one or more subsidiaries or that deconsolidate a subsidiary. The provisions of SFAS No. 160 are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Early adoption is prohibited. This Statement shall be applied prospectively as of the beginning of the fiscal year in which SFAS No. 160 is initially applied, except for the presentation and disclosure requirements which shall be applied retrospectively for all periods presented. The Company does not currently own any noncontrolling interests.

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities—an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (“SFAS No. 161”). SFAS No. 161 requires enhanced disclosure related to derivatives and hedging activities. Under SFAS No. 161, entities must describe: (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments; (b) how derivative instruments and related hedge items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS No. 133”), and its related interpretations; and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. The requirements of SFAS No. 161 are effective for both interim and annual reporting periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that SFAS No. 161 will have on its financial statements.

In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) No. FAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (“FSP No. 142-3”). This FSP was issued to improve consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (“SFAS No. 142”), and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the intangible asset under SFAS No. 141R. FSP No. 142-3 will require that the determination of the useful life of intangible assets acquired after the effective date of this FSP shall include assumptions regarding renewal or extension, regardless of whether such arrangements have explicit renewal or extension provisions, based on an entity’s historical experience in renewing or extending such arrangements. In addition, FSP No. 142-3 requires expanded disclosures regarding intangible assets existing as of each reporting period. FSP No. 142-3 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those years. Early adoption is prohibited. Except for disclosure requirements, FSP No. 142-3 can only be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after the effective date.

In May 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. APB 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement)” (“FSP APB No. 14-1”). FSP APB No. 14-1 clarifies that convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon either mandatory or optional conversion (including partial cash settlement) are not addressed by paragraph 12 of APB Opinion No. 14, “Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt issued with Stock Purchase Warrants”. Additionally, FSP APB No. 14-1 specifies that issuers of such instruments should separately account for the liability and equity components in a manner that will reflect the entity’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate when interest cost is recognized in subsequent periods. FSP APB No. 14-1 must be applied on a retrospective basis and is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. FSP APB No. 14-1 will require us to bifurcate our convertible notes as discussed above. The Company is currently evaluating the impact to the Company’s financial statements.

 

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3. FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Financing Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, the Company entered into debt agreements to finance various equipment purchases and software licenses. The total debt obligation resulting from these agreements is $2. These agreements have terms that range from 24 to 49 months and annual interest rates that generally range from 3.2% to 11.0%, with a weighted average effective interest rate of 7.5%. In addition, the Company also entered into various capital leasing arrangements that amounted to $32. These agreements have terms that range from 21 to 55 months and implicit interest rates that range from 4.4% to 16.7%, with a weighted average effective interest rate of 6.8%.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, the Company entered into debt agreements and received approximately $7 of cash proceeds. These agreements have terms that range from 12 to 60 months and annual interest rates that are variable based on a spread over the London Inter-bank Offered Rate.

Certain of the Company’s debt and capital lease agreements contain non-financial covenants which require specific labeling, tracking and reporting procedures for the physical location of the leased assets. The failure to meet these covenants allows the lessor to accelerate payments under the lease agreements. At September 30, 2008, these non-financial covenants have not been completely satisfied for certain debt and lease agreements representing $77 of indebtedness. The Company has received a waiver for approximately $75 of such non-compliance through January 1, 2009 assuming certain milestones are achieved. The Company has achieved all milestones, as required under the waiver, as of September 30, 2008, and expects to achieve the remaining milestones and become fully compliant prior to the deadline. The remaining balances of $2 are classified as current liabilities at September 30, 2008.

GCUK Notes Tender Offer

As required by the indenture governing the senior secured notes due 2014 (the “GCUK Notes”), within 120 days after the end of each twelve month period ending December 31 Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Ltd (“GCUK”) must offer (the “Annual Repurchase Offer”) to purchase a portion of the GCUK Notes at a purchase price equal to 100% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the purchase date, with 50% of “Designated GCUK Cash Flow” from that period. “Designated GCUK Cash Flow” means GCUK’s consolidated net income plus non-cash charges minus capital expenditures, calculated in accordance with the terms of the indenture governing the GCUK Notes. With respect to the 2007 Annual Repurchase Offer, GCUK made an offer for and purchased approximately $2 principal amount of the GCUK Notes.

If the current year-to-date results were the results for the full year to December 31, 2008, the Company would be obligated to make an Annual Repurchase Offer of $11, exclusive of accrued but unpaid interest. Any such offer is required to be made within 120 days of such date, and the associated purchases are required to be completed within 150 days after year-end.

 

4. RESTRUCTURING ACTIVITIES

2007 Restructuring Plans

During the second quarter of 2007, the Company implemented initiatives to generate operational savings which included organizational realignment and functional consolidation resulting in the involuntary separation of employees. As of September 30, 2008, all severance amounts have been paid under the plan. As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the remaining liability related to these initiatives was $0 and $1, respectively, all related to the ROW Segment.

During 2007, the Company adopted a restructuring plan as a result of the Impsat acquisition (see Note 5) under which redundant Impsat employees were terminated. As a result, the Company recorded restructuring costs of $8 for severance and related benefits. The liability associated with this restructuring plan has been accounted for as part of the purchase price of Impsat. As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the remaining liability of the restructuring reserve was $9 and $7, including $1 and $0 of accrued interest, respectively, all related to the GC Impsat Segment.

2006 Restructuring Plan

In 2006 the Company adopted a restructuring plan as a result of the Fibernet Group Plc (“Fibernet”) acquisition under which redundant Fibernet employees were terminated and certain Fibernet facility lease agreements were terminated or restructured. The liabilities associated with the restructuring plan have been accounted for as part of the purchase price of Fibernet. All amounts incurred for employee separations have been paid and it is anticipated that payment in respect of the restructuring activities for real estate consolidation will continue through 2017. As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the remaining liability related to these initiatives was $1 and $3 all related to the GCUK Segment.

 

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2003 and Prior Restructuring Plans

Prior to the Company’s emergence from bankruptcy on December 9, 2003, the Company adopted certain restructuring plans as a result of the slowdown of the economy and telecommunications industry, as well as its efforts to restructure while under Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. As a result of these activities, the Company eliminated employees and vacated facilities. All amounts incurred for employee separations were paid as of December 31, 2004 and it is anticipated that the remainder of the restructuring liability, all of which relates to facility closings, will be paid through 2025.

The undiscounted facilities closing reserve, which represents estimated future cash flows, is composed of continuing building lease obligations and broker commissions for the restructured sites (aggregating $126 as of September 30, 2008), offset by anticipated receipts from existing and future third-party subleases. As of September 30, 2008, anticipated third-party sublease receipts were $109, representing $53 from subleases already entered into and $56 from subleases projected to be entered into in the future.

The table below reflects the activity associated with the restructuring reserve relating to the restructuring plans initiated during and prior to 2003 for the nine months ended September 30, 2008:

 

     Facility
Closings
 

Balance at December 31, 2007

   $ 26  

Change in estimated liability

     6  

Deductions

     (10 )
        

Balance at September 30, 2008

   $ 22  
        

 

5. ACQUISITIONS

Impsat Acquisition

On May 9, 2007, the Company acquired Impsat Fiber Networks, Inc. (“Impsat”). Impsat is a leading Latin American provider of IP, hosting and value-added data solutions. As a result of the acquisition, the Company is able to provide greater breadth of services and coverage in the Latin American region and enhance its competitive position as a global service provider. The results of Impsat’s operations are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements commencing May 9, 2007.

Pro Forma Financial Information

The following unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations have been prepared as if the acquisition of Impsat had occurred at January 1, 2007:

 

     Nine months ended
9/30/2007
 

Revenue

   $ 1,751  

Net loss applicable to common shareholders

   $ (320 )

Net loss applicable to common shareholders per share - basic and diluted

   $ (8.33 )

Included in the pro forma consolidated results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 is a non-recurring charge of $30 representing the accelerated issuance of common stock to STT Crossing Ltd. on account of foregone interest through the original scheduled maturity date of the $250 original principal amount of mandatorily convertible notes due December 2008 (the “Mandatorily Convertible Notes”) as an inducement to convert the Mandatorily Convertible Notes, which is included in other income (expense), net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. Also, included in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 are expenses of $2 related to the write-off of deferred financing fees in connection with the retirement of the Bank of America working capital facility. In addition, the pro forma consolidated results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 include non-recurring expenses of approximately $8 related to the write off of deferred financing fees for a bridge loan facility which was terminated upon issuance of the $225 of 9.875% senior notes due 2017 (the “GC Impsat Notes”); these expenses are included in other income (expense), net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. Further, the pro forma consolidated results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 include a $27 gain recorded in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force No. 04-1, “Accounting for Pre-Existing Relationships between the Parties to a Business Combination” which is included in other income (expense), net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

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The unaudited pro forma financial information is not intended to represent or be indicative of the Company’s consolidated results of operations that would have been reported had the Impsat acquisition been completed as of the beginning of the periods presented, nor should it be taken as indicative of the Company’s future consolidated results of operations.

GC Impsat Segment Goodwill Impairment Review

During the second quarter of 2008 the Company performed its annual impairment review of the goodwill acquired as part of the Impsat acquisition on May 9, 2007 in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” The impairment review compared the fair value of the reporting units, using a discounted cash flow analysis, to their carrying values, including allocated goodwill. As the fair value of all reporting units exceeded the carrying values, including allocated goodwill, no impairment exists.

 

6. OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

Other current liabilities consist of the following:

 

     September 30,
2008
   December 31,
2007
     (unaudited)     

Accrued taxes, including value added taxes in foreign jurisdictions

   $ 98    $ 71

Accrued payroll, bonus, commissions, and related benefits

     48      46

Accrued professional fees

     13      14

Accrued interest

     27      27

Accrued real estate and related costs

     18      20

Accrued capital expenditures

     26      13

Current portion of capital lease obligations

     55      54

Income taxes payable

     19      16

Accrued third party maintenance costs

     9      8

Customer deposits

     34      45

Other

     71      81
             

Total other current liabilities

   $ 418    $ 395
             

 

7. STOCK BASED COMPENSATION

The Company recognized $18 and $61, respectively, of non-cash stock based compensation expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and $13 and $47, respectively for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. These expenses are included in real estate, network and operations and selling, general and administrative in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The stock based compensation expenses for each period reflect share-based awards outstanding during such period, including awards granted both prior to and during such period.

On January 2, 2008, the non-employee members of the Board of Directors and its Executive Committee were granted awards of 7,926 unrestricted shares of common stock, representing the first semi-annual installment of the one-half of the directors’ annual retainer fees that is payable in shares.

In connection with the Company’s annual long term incentive program for 2008, the Company awarded 548,500 restricted stock units to employees which vest on March 4, 2011 and 896,500 performance share opportunities to employees which vest on or before March 15, 2011, in each case subject to continued employment through the vesting date and subject to earlier pro-rata payout in the event of death or long term disability. Each participant’s target performance share opportunity is based on total shareholder return over a three year period as compared to two peer groups. Depending on how the Company ranks in total shareholder return as compared to the two peer groups, each grantee may earn 0% to 200% of the target number of performance shares. No payout will be made if the average ranking of the Company’s total shareholder return relative to each of the two peer groups (weighted equally) is below the 30th percentile, and the maximum payout of 200% will be made if such average ranking is at or above the 80th percentile. In the event of a change of control (as defined in the 2003 Global Crossing Limited Stock Incentive Plan), the performance share opportunity payout shall be determined on the basis of the Company’s relative total shareholder return against such indices (as described above) calculated through the relevant termination or change of control date.

 

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On June 24, 2008, the non-employee members of the Board of Directors and its Executive Committee were granted awards totaling 50,112 restricted shares of common stock with a one year cliff vesting on June 24, 2009. These awards were made in accordance with the Company’s annual long term incentive program for Board and Executive Committee members.

On July 1, 2008, the non-employee members of the Board of Directors and its Executive Committee were granted awards of 9,760 unrestricted shares of common stock, representing the second semi-annual installment of the one-half of the directors’ annual retainer fees that is payable in shares.

On July 14, 2008, an employee was granted an award totaling 2,049 unrestricted shares of common stock as part of a special quarterly bonus.

Annual Bonus Program

During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted the 2008 Annual Bonus Program (the “2008 Bonus Program”). The 2008 Bonus Program is an annual bonus applicable to substantially all non-sales employees of the Company, which is intended to retain such employees and to motivate them to achieve the Company’s financial and business goals. Each participant is provided a target award under the 2008 Bonus Program expressed as a percentage of base salary. Actual awards under the 2008 Bonus Program will be paid only if the Company achieves specified thresholds for earnings, net change in unrestricted cash and cash equivalents and/or customer satisfaction. The payout for each performance opportunity is calculated independently. Bonus payouts under the 2008 Bonus Program will be made in fully vested shares of common stock of the Company; provided that the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors retains discretion to use cash rather than shares as the Committee deems fit. To the extent common shares are used for payment of bonus awards, such shares shall be valued based on the closing price on the NASDAQ National Market on the date financial results are certified by the Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors.

Sales Equity Program

During 2008, the Company adopted the Global Crossing Sales Equity Program (“Sales Equity Program”) for the Company’s sales, sales support and sales engineering employees excluding those in Latin America, Canada and Asia. This program allows management level employees to elect to receive 100% of their earned commissions in fully vested shares of common stock of GCL. Non-management employees can elect to receive 50% of their earned commissions in fully vested shares of common stock and the remaining 50% will be paid in cash. As an additional incentive for participating in the Sales Equity Program, the value of the portion to be paid in stock will be increased by 5%, which was subsequently increased to 7.5% effective June 1, 2008. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, the Company recognized $5 and $11, respectively, of stock compensation expense related to this program.

 

8. COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

The components of comprehensive loss for the periods indicated are as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2008     2007     2008     2007  
     (unaudited)     (unaudited)  

Net loss

   $ (70 )   $ (88 )   $ (227 )   $ (308 )

Foreign currency translation adjustment

     (1 )     (5 )     4       (5 )

Unrealized derivative gain (loss) on cash flow hedges

     3       (1 )     6       (1 )
                                

Comprehensive loss

   $ (68 )   $ (94 )   $ (217 )   $ (314 )
                                

 

9. LOSS PER COMMON SHARE

Basic loss per common share is computed as loss applicable to common shareholders divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Loss applicable to common shareholders includes preferred stock dividends of $1 and $3, respectively, for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. Diluted loss per common share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. However, since the Company had net losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, diluted loss per common share is the same as basic loss per common share.

 

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For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, potentially dilutive securities not included in diluted loss per common share include 18,000,000 shares of convertible preferred stock, 6,373,598 common shares issuable upon conversion of convertible debt securities, and 341,351 stock options and 1,236,183 common shares issuable upon vesting of restricted stock units issued under the 2003 Global Crossing Limited Stock Incentive Plan. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, potentially dilutive securities not included in diluted loss per common share include 18,000,000 shares of convertible preferred stock, 6,373,598 common shares issuable upon conversion of convertible debt securities, and 617,798 stock options and 1,394,291 common shares issuable upon vesting of restricted stock units issued under the 2003 Global Crossing Limited Stock Incentive Plan.

 

10. INCOME TAXES

The Company’s benefit (provision) for income taxes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $4 and ($43), respectively, of which $(2) and $(24), respectively, was attributable to the tax on current earnings, which was offset by realized pre-emergence net deferred tax assets. The tax benefit was primarily the result of foreign exchange movements which reduced income before taxes. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 the Company’s provision for income taxes was $(16) and $(37), respectively, of which $(11) and $(29), respectively, was attributable to the tax on current earnings, which was offset by realized pre-emergence net deferred tax assets. The provision for income taxes may be offset by net operating losses that existed at the fresh start date, but had a full valuation allowance recorded against them. The reversal of the valuation allowance is recorded as a reduction of intangibles to zero and thereafter as an increase in additional paid-in-capital in accordance with Statement of Position No. 90-7, “Financial Reporting by Entities in Reorganizations under the Bankruptcy Code.” This accounting treatment does not result in any change in liabilities to taxing authorities or in cash flows.

 

11. CONTINGENCIES

From time to time, the Company is party to various legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business or otherwise. In accordance with SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies,” the Company makes a provision for a liability when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. These provisions are reviewed at least quarterly and adjusted to reflect the impacts of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and events pertaining to a particular case. Litigation is inherently unpredictable and it is possible that cash flows or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected in any particular period by the unfavorable resolution or disposition of one or more of these contingencies. The following is a description of the material legal proceedings involving the Company commenced or pending during the nine months ended September 30, 2008.

AT&T Inc. (formally SBC Communications Inc.) Claim

AT&T Inc. (“AT&T”) has asserted that the Company is engaging in the misrouting of traffic through third-party intermediaries for the purpose of avoiding access charges payable to AT&T’s LEC affiliates. AT&T asserted that the Company owed it $19 through July 15, 2004. The Company responded to AT&T by denying the claim in its entirety.

On November 17, 2004, AT&T’s LEC affiliates commenced an action against the Company and other defendants in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri. The complaint alleges that the Company, through certain unnamed intermediaries, which are characterized as “least cost routers,” terminated long distance traffic to avoid the payment of interstate and intrastate access charges.

The complaint alleges five causes of action: (1) breach of federal tariffs; (2) breach of state tariffs; (3) unjust enrichment (in the alternative to the tariff claims); (4) fraud; and (5) civil conspiracy. Although the complaint does not contain a specific claim for damages, plaintiffs allege that they have been damaged in the amount of approximately $20 for the time period of February 2002 through August 2004. The complaint also seeks an injunction against the use of “least cost routers” and the avoidance of access charges. The Company filed a motion to dismiss the complaint on January 18, 2005, which motion was mooted by the filing of a first amended complaint on February 4, 2005. The first amended complaint added as defendants five competitive local exchange carriers and certain of their affiliates (none of which are affiliated with the Company) and re-alleged the same five causes of action. The Company filed a motion to dismiss the first amended complaint on March 4, 2005. On August 23, 2005, the Court referred a comparable case to the FCC and the FCC has sought comments on the issues referred by the Court. The Company filed comments in the two declaratory judgment proceedings occasioned by the Court’s referral. On February 7, 2006, the Court entered an order: (a) dismissing AT&T’s claims against Global Crossing to the extent that such claims arose prior to December 9, 2003 by virtue of the injunction contained in the joint plan of reorganization (the “Plan of Reorganization”) of the Company’s predecessor and a number of its subsidiaries (collectively, the “GC Debtors”) which became effective on that date; and (b) staying the remainder of the action pending the outcome of the referral to the FCC described above. On February 22, 2006, AT&T moved the Court to reconsider its decision of February 7, 2006 to the extent that it dismissed claims that arose prior to December 9, 2003. The Company filed its response to the motion on March 6, 2006, requesting that the Court deny the motion. On May 31, 2006, the Court entered an order denying plaintiffs’ motion for reconsideration without prejudice. On April 15, 2008, plaintiffs moved to vacate the stay entered by the Court on the grounds of inaction by the FCC. The Company filed an opposition to the motion and plaintiffs filed a reply. The motion is presently pending before the Court.

 

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Claim by the U.S. Department of Commerce

A claim was filed in the Company’s bankruptcy proceedings by the U.S. Department of Commerce (the “Commerce Department”) on October 30, 2002 asserting that an undersea cable owned by Pacific Crossing Ltd., a former subsidiary of the Company (“PCL”) violates the terms of a Special Use permit issued by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (“NOAA”). The Company believes responsibility for the asserted claim rests entirely with the Company’s former subsidiary. On November 7, 2003, the Company and the Global Crossing Creditors’ Committee filed an objection to this claim with the Bankruptcy Court. Subsequently, the Commerce Department agreed to limit the size of the pre-petition portion of its claim to $14. An identical claim that had been filed in the bankruptcy proceedings of PCL was settled in principle in September 2005 and was subsequently approved by the court as part of the PCL plan of reorganization confirmed in an order dated November 10, 2005. The Company initiated preliminary discussions with the Commerce Department and its Justice Department attorneys as to the impact that settlement has on the claim against the Company. The Commerce Department continues to consider its position on the matter.

Qwest Rights-of-Way Litigation

In May 2001, a purported class action was commenced against three of the Company’s subsidiaries in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Illinois. The complaint alleges that the Company had no right to install a fiber-optic cable in rights-of-way granted by the plaintiffs to certain railroads. Pursuant to an agreement with Qwest Communications Corporation, the Company has an indefeasible right to use certain fiber-optic cables in a fiber-optic communications system constructed by Qwest within the rights-of-way. The complaint alleges that the railroads had only limited rights-of-way granted to them that did not include permission to install fiber-optic cable for use by Qwest or any other entities. The action has been brought on behalf of a national class of landowners whose property underlies or is adjacent to a railroad right-of-way within which the fiber-optic cables have been installed. The action seeks actual damages in an unstated amount and alleges that the wrongs done by the Company involve fraud, malice, intentional wrongdoing, willful or wanton conduct and/or reckless disregard for the rights of the plaintiff landowners. As a result, plaintiffs also request an award of punitive damages. The Company made a demand of Qwest to defend and indemnify the Company in the lawsuit. In response, Qwest has appointed defense counsel to protect the Company’s interests.

The Company’s North American network includes capacity purchased from Qwest on indefeasible rights of use (“IRU”) basis. Although the amount of the claim is unstated, an adverse outcome could have an adverse impact on the Company’s ability to utilize large portions of the Company’s North American network. This litigation was stayed against the Company pending the effective date of the Plan of Reorganization, and the plaintiffs’ pre-petition claims against the Company were discharged at that time in accordance with the Plan of Reorganization. By agreement between the parties, the Plan of Reorganization preserved plaintiffs’ rights to pursue any post-confirmation claims of trespass or ejectment. If the plaintiffs were to prevail, the Company could lose its ability to operate large portions of its North American network, although it believes that it would be entitled to indemnification from Qwest for any losses under the terms of the IRU agreement under which the Company originally purchased this capacity. As part of a global resolution of all bankruptcy claims asserted against the Company by Qwest, Qwest agreed to reaffirm its obligations of defense and indemnity to the Company for the assertions made in this claim. In September 2002, Qwest and certain of the other telecommunication carrier defendants filed a proposed settlement agreement in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois. On July 25, 2003, the court granted preliminary approval of the settlement and entered an order enjoining competing class action claims, except those in Louisiana. The settlement and the court’s injunction were opposed by a number of parties who intervened and an appeal was taken to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (“Court of Appeals”). In a decision dated October 19, 2004, the Court of Appeals reversed the approval of the settlement and lifted the injunction. The case has been remanded to the District Court for further proceedings.

Foreign Income Tax Audit

A tax authority in South America issued a preliminary notice of findings based on an income tax audit for calendar years 2001 and 2002. The examiner’s initial findings took the position that the Company incorrectly documented its importations and incorrectly deducted its foreign exchange losses against its foreign exchange gains on loan balances. An official assessment of $26, including potential interest and penalties, was issued in 2005. Due to accrued interest and foreign exchange effects the total exposure has increased to $50. The Company challenged the assessment and commenced litigation in September 2006 to resolve its dispute with the tax authority.

 

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Claim by Pacific Crossing Limited

This claim arises out of the management of the PC-1 trans-Pacific fiber-optic cable, which was constructed, owned and operated by PCL. PCL asserts that the Company and Asia Global Crossing, another former subsidiary of the Company, breached their fiduciary duties to PCL, improperly diverted revenue derived from sales of capacity on PC-1, and failed to account for the way revenue was allocated among the corporate entities involved with the ownership and operation of PC-1. The claim also asserts that revenues derived from operation and maintenance fees were also improperly diverted and that PCL’s expenses increased unjustifiably through agreements executed by the Company and Asia Global Crossing Limited on behalf of PCL. To the extent that PCL asserted the foregoing claims were prepetition claims, PCL has settled and released such claims against the Company.

During the pendency of the Company’s Chapter 11 proceedings, on January 14, 2003, PCL filed an administrative expense claim in the GC Debtors’ bankruptcy court for approximately $8 in post-petition services plus unliquidated amounts arising from the Company’s alleged breaches of fiduciary duty and misallocation of PCL’s revenues. The Company objected to the claim and asserted that the losses claimed were the result of operational decisions made by PCL management and its corporate parent, Asia Global Crossing. On February 4, 2005, PCL filed an amended claim in the amount of approximately $79 claiming the Company failed to pay revenue for services and maintenance charges relating to PC-1 capacity and failed to pay PCL for use of the related cable stations and seeking to recover a portion of the monies received by the Company under a settlement agreement entered into with Microsoft Corporation and an arbitration award against Softbank. The Company filed an objection to the amended claim seeking to dismiss, expunge and/or reclassify the claim and PCL responded by filing a motion for partial summary judgment claiming approximately $22 for the capacity, operations and maintenance charges and co-location charges and up to approximately $78 for the Microsoft and Softbank proceeds. PCL’s claim for co-location charges (which comprised approximately $2 of the total claim) was settled.

Subsequently (and pursuant to a new scheduling order agreed to by the parties), the parties agreed to hold the Company’s motion to dismiss in abatement and PCL agreed not to proceed with its partial summary judgment motion and to file a new summary judgment motion. On June 5, 2006 PCL filed a new motion for partial summary judgment claiming not less than $2 for revenues for short term leases on PC-1, not less than $6 in respect of operation and maintenance fees paid to the Company by its customers for capacity on PC-1 and an unspecified amount to be determined at trial in respect of the Microsoft/ Softbank Claim. The Company filed a response to that motion on June 26, 2006, together with a cross motion for partial summary judgment on certain of PCL’s administrative claims. On August 28, 2006, PCL replied to the Company’s response to PCL’s new motion for partial summary judgment and responded to the Company’s cross motion for partial summary judgment. On November 20, 2006, the Company filed its reply to PCL’s response to the Company’s cross motion for partial summary judgment.

The parties have agreed to a non-binding mediation of their competing administrative claims (including the Company’s claim filed against PCL in its separate bankruptcy case). The parties have completed one day of mediation and have exchanged certain documents in connection with the mediation, but have not yet concluded the mediation. The current court proceedings have been stayed until completion of mediation.

Impsat Employee Severance Disputes

A number of former directors and executive officers of Impsat have asserted claims in excess of $23 for separation pay, severance, commissions, pension benefits, unpaid vacation pay, breach of employment contracts and unpaid performance bonuses as a result of their separation from Impsat shortly after the acquisition of Impsat by the Company.

The Company has been in negotiations with the claimants over the amount of their claims and other issues arising out of their departure. In October 2007, a former director and officer commenced litigation seeking to recover damages from the Company for alleged separation benefits and compensation. In November 2007, a former officer served the Company a complaint claiming damages. In March and June 2008, two additional former officers asserted claims for alleged unpaid separation benefits and compensation. In July 2008, a former officer commenced formal judicial proceedings on his claim and the Company responded seeking dismissal of the claim based on lack of jurisdiction. Such defense was rejected by the court and the Company intends to appeal the decision. In October 2008, the Company settled one of the claims with a former officer. The Company will be vigorously defending these claims.

Buenos Aires Antenna Tax Liability

The Government of the City of Buenos Aires (“GCBA”) established a tax applicable to private companies owning antennas with supporting structures, whether in service or not, in the amount set forth in the annual tariff law for the use of the public and private air space (the “Antenna Fees”).

 

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Since September 2003, the GCBA has periodically notified Impsat of the Antenna Fees which aggregates approximately $62, including interest, and requested payment. Impsat has administratively disputed each of these notifications and in the administrative proceeding questioned the legality and constitutionality of the tax on various grounds, including that: (1) air rights belong to the owner of the underlying private property and GCBA’s charge for use of privately owned air rights is confiscatory and incompatible with the constitutional right of property; (2) Argentine federal telecommunications law exempts the use and occupation of public air space for the purposes of providing public telecommunications service from any charge; (3) the tax that GCBA is trying to impose is excessive and confiscatory; and (4) the GCBA has significantly overstated the number and height of the antennas owned by Impsat that are subject to the tax. Impsat continues to dispute the Antenna Fees and, to date, no summary collection action has been commenced by GCBA on the unpaid Antenna Fees.

In July 2008, Impsat filed an action in the Argentine Federal Courts in Buenos Aires seeking a declaration that the Antenna Fees are unconstitutional and illegal.

Brazilian Tax Claims

In October 2004, the Brazilian tax authorities issued two tax infraction notices against Impsat for the collection of the Import Duty and the Tax on Manufactured Products, plus fines and interests. The notice informed Impsat Brazil that the taxes were levied because a specific document (Declaração de Necessidade—“Statement of Necessity”) was not provided by Impsat Brazil at the time of importation, in breach of MERCOSUR rules. Oppositions were filed on behalf of Impsat Brazil arguing that the Argentine exporter (Corning Cable Systems Argentina S.A.) complied with the MERCOSUR rules and a favorable first instance decision was granted. However, due to the amount involved, the case was remitted to the official compulsory review by the Federal Taxpayers Council. The administrative final decision is still pending.

In addition, in December 2004, the tax authorities of the State of São Paulo, in Brazil, issued an infraction notice against Impsat Brazil for collection of Tax on Distribution of Goods and Services (“ICMS”) supposedly due on the lease of movable properties by comparing such activity to communications services, on which the ICMS state tax is actually levied. A defense was filed on behalf of Impsat Brazil, arguing that the lease of assets could not be treated as a communication service subject to ICMS. The defense was rejected in the first administrative level, and an appeal to State Administrative Court was then filed, which is pending judgment. Impsat believes there are good grounds to have the tax assessment cancelled. However, if the tax assessment is not cancelled at the administrative level for any reason, judicial measures may be adopted to remove such tax assessment.

Paraguayan Government Contract Claim

The National Telecommunications Commission of Paraguay (“CONATEL”) has commenced administrative investigations against a joint venture between GC Impsat’s Argentine subsidiary and Electro Import S.A. (“JV 1”) and another joint venture between GC Impsat’s Argentine subsidiary and Loma Plata S.A. (“JV 2”), for breach of contract and breach of licensee’s obligations by each of such joint ventures.

In December 2000, after a public bidding process, JV 1 was awarded a contract, with funding, and a universal service license for the design, supply, installation, launch, operation and maintenance of a telecommunications system for public telephones and/or phone booths in certain specified locations in Paraguay. In 2005, CONATEL initiated an administrative investigation due to an alleged breach of contract by JV 1, as well as a criminal investigation pursuant to which two officers of Impsat’s Argentine subsidiary were preliminarily indicted. As a result of such investigation, CONATEL resolved to: (i) determine JV 1’s liability as to the breach of its contract and its legal obligations as licensee of the Universal Service; (ii) revoke the license granted; (iii) terminate the contract due to JV 1’s default; (iv) impose a fine; (v) foreclose on the insurance policy; and (vi) seize the equipment already installed by JV 1.

JV 1 moved for injunctive protection and the reconsideration and annulment of the above referred resolution, based on force majeure and violation of due process defenses. CONATEL filed a motion to dismiss such action, based on the lack of standing to sue, as well as on failure to state a claim upon which relief may be granted. A final judgment regarding CONATEL’s motions must be obtained, prior to moving forward with the following stages on this administrative claim (answer to the claim, evidentiary stage, etc.).

In September 2007, an agreement was reached with the prosecution to conditionally suspend the criminal proceedings against the Company’s employees, and to have the charges ultimately dismissed. The agreement was approved by the Court on November 28, 2007.

 

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In 2001, after a public bidding process, JV 2 was awarded a contract, with funding, for the installation and deployment of public telephones and/or telephone booths in certain specified locations in Paraguay. JV 2 was required to install and start operating all the required equipment within twelve months of the execution of the contract. In January 2003, JV 2 requested an extension of the twelve month term from CONATEL as a result of force majeure which prevented it from completing the installation of the committed number of remote terminals within the agreed time period. CONATEL denied the request and decided to terminate the contract based on JV 2’s default.

JV 2 then filed a claim before the Administrative Court requesting the annulment of the termination and seeking a stay of the challenged administrative acts. After the legal term to respond to JV 2’s request had lapsed, JV 2 filed a motion to continue the proceedings in CONATEL’s absence. The Administrative Court denied the motion and accepted CONATEL’s late presentation, opening the proceeding’s evidentiary period. JV2 filed an appeal before the Supreme Court, which was rejected on August 31, 2007. JV2 filed a reinstatement and clarification motion against the Supreme Court’s resolution on September 5, 2007. The Supreme Court dismissed the reinstatement motion and remitted the proceedings back to the Administrative Court on February 4, 2008. The parties were instructed to file evidence in connection with deadlines set forth for the evidentiary period. On May 2, 2008, the Company timely filed its evidence before the Court.

Customer Bankruptcy Claim

During 2007 the Company commenced default and disconnect procedures against a customer for breach of a sales contract based on the nature of the customer’s traffic, which renders the contract highly unprofitable to the Company. After the process was begun, the customer filed for bankruptcy protection, thereby barring the Company from taking further disconnection actions against the customer. The Company commenced an adversary proceeding in the bankruptcy court, asserting a claim for damages for the customer’s alleged breaches of the contract and for a declaration that, as a result of these breaches, the customer may not assume the contract in its reorganization proceedings.

The customer has filed several counterclaims against the Company alleging various breaches of contract for attempting improperly to terminate service, for improperly blocking international traffic, for violations of the Communications Act of 1934 and related tort-based claims. The Company notified the customer that the Company would be raising its rates and the Company subsequently filed a motion with the court seeking additional adequate assurance, or an order allowing the Company to terminate the customer’s service, based upon the rate change. The customer amended its counter claims to assert claims for breach of contract based upon the rate increase.

After the filing of motions and responses, the Court issued an opinion on these matters on July 3, 2008. The Court held that the agreement did not permit the Company to increase the rates in the manner it did and that the Company: (a) breached the sales contract in so doing; and (b) is therefore not entitled to additional adequate assurance. The Court did, however, permit the Company to amend its complaint to plead a rescission claim, which the Company filed on July 14, 2008. The Company also filed notices of appeal of these rulings with the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York, which the customer has moved to dismiss. In the meantime, the case is continuing in the bankruptcy court with respect to the remaining liability issues and damages in the adversary proceeding. The Court has scheduled a joint pre-trail order on January 22, 2009 and a final pre-trial conference on February 10, 2009. While the customer has alleged damages in amounts that would be material to the Company, we believe that we have valid defenses that limit the amount of these damages. However, we are unable to determine the outcome of this case and the effect on our financial position or results of operations. The Company has not established an accrual for this matter as the amount of the Company’s loss is not reasonably estimable.

Universal Service Notice of Apparent Liability

On April 9, 2008, the Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) released a Notice of Apparent Liability for Forfeiture finding that subsidiaries of Global Crossing North America, Inc. apparently violated the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, and the FCC’s rules, by willfully and repeatedly failing to contribute fully and timely to the federal Universal Service Fund and the Telecommunications Relay Service Fund. The FCC alleges that, since emergence from bankruptcy, the Company has had a history of making its contributions to the funds late or, in certain months, making only partial contributions or not making any contributions. The FCC has proposed to assess a forfeiture of approximately $11. The Company believes that it has several defenses to the proposed forfeiture. The Company’s response to the notice was due May 9, 2008. The Company and the FCC are attempting to negotiate a resolution and the due date for the Company’s response has been held in abeyance.

 

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12. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Commercial and other relationships between the Company and ST Telemedia

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, the Company provided approximately $0.1 and $0.2, respectively, of telecommunications services to subsidiaries and affiliates of the Company’s indirect majority shareholder and parent company, Singapore Technologies Telemedia Pte. Ltd. (“ST Telemedia”). Further, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, the Company received approximately $1.4 and $4.3, respectively, of collocation services from an affiliate of ST Telemedia. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company provided approximately $0.0 and $0.2, respectively, of telecommunications services to subsidiaries and affiliates of ST Telemedia. Further, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company received approximately $0.9 and $2.4, respectively, of collocation services from an affiliate of ST Telemedia. Additionally, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, the Company accrued dividends of $0.9 and $2.7, respectively, related to preferred stock held by affiliates of ST Telemedia. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company accrued dividends of $0.9 and $2.7, respectively, related to preferred stock and interest of $7.4 and $26.0, respectively, related to debt held by affiliates of ST Telemedia.

At September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company had approximately $18.0 and $15.0, respectively, due to ST Telemedia and its subsidiaries and affiliates, and no amounts due from ST Telemedia and its subsidiaries and affiliates. The amounts due to ST Telemedia and its subsidiaries and affiliates primarily relate to dividends accrued on the Company’s 2% cumulative senior convertible preferred stock, and are included in “other deferred liabilities” in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

13. SEGMENT REPORTING

SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information” (“SFAS No. 131”), defines operating segments as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and which is evaluated regularly by the Company’s chief operating decision makers (“CODMs”) in deciding how to assess performance and allocate resources. The Company’s CODMs assess performance and allocate resources based on three separate operating segments which management operates and manages as strategic business units: (i) the GCUK Segment; (ii) the GC Impsat Segment; and (iii) the ROW Segment.

The GCUK Segment operates primarily in the United Kingdom (“UK”) and provides managed network communications services providing a wide range of telecommunications services, including data, IP and voice services to government and other public sector organizations, major corporations and other communications companies in the UK. GC Impsat operates primarily in the Latin America region and provides telecommunications services including IP, voice, data center and information technology services to corporate and government clients in Latin America. The ROW Segment represents the operations of Global Crossing Limited and its subsidiaries excluding the GCUK Segment and the GC Impsat Segment and comprises operations primarily in North America, with smaller operations in Europe, Asia and Latin America, serving many of the world’s largest corporations and many other telecommunications carriers with a full range of managed telecommunications services including data, IP and voice products. The services provided by the Company’s segments support a migration path to a fully converged IP environment.

During the second quarter of 2008, the Company transferred its legacy Brazilian operations from the ROW Segment to the GC Impsat Segment. Also, during the third quarter of 2008, the Company transferred its legacy Chilean operations from the ROW Segment to the GC Impsat Segment. As these transfers were between entities under common control, the Company has retroactively restated the GC Impsat Segment results to include the results of the Brazilian and Chilean operations and removed the results of the Brazilian and Chilean operations from the ROW Segment for all applicable periods presented. The Company anticipates transferring its Argentine operations from the ROW Segment to the GC Impsat Segment during 2009 in a continuing effort to streamline its operations.

The CODMs measure and evaluate the Company’s reportable segments based on Adjusted Cash EBITDA. Adjusted Cash EBITDA, as defined by the Company, is earnings before non-cash stock compensation, depreciation and amortization, interest income, interest expense, other income (expense), net, net gain on pre-confirmation contingencies, benefit (provision) for income taxes and preferred stock dividends.

Management believes that Adjusted Cash EBITDA is an important part of the Company’s internal reporting and is a key measure used by management to evaluate profitability and operating performance of the Company and to make resource allocation decisions. Management believes such measure is especially important in a capital-intensive industry such as telecommunications. However, there may be important differences between the Company’s Adjusted Cash EBITDA measure and similar performance measures used by other companies. Additionally, this financial measure does not include certain significant items such as non-cash stock compensation, depreciation and amortization, interest income, interest expense, other income (expense) net, net gain on

 

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pre-confirmation contingencies, benefit (provision) for income taxes and preferred stock dividends. Adjusted Cash EBITDA should not be considered a substitute for net income, operating income, operating cash flows or other measures of financial performance. The following tables provide operating financial information for the Company’s three reportable segments and a reconciliation of segment results to consolidated results. Prior period amounts are revised to reflect the change in reportable segments as discussed above.

 

     Three months ended September 30,     Nine months ended September 30,  
     2008     2007 (as restated)     2008     2007 (as restated)  
     (unaudited)     (unaudited)  

Revenues from external customers

    

GCUK

   $ 155     $ 144     $ 465     $ 429  

GC Impsat

     124       95       348       162  

ROW

     388       355       1,137       1,054  
                                

Total consolidated

   $ 667     $ 594     $ 1,950     $ 1,645  
                                

Intersegment revenues

    

GCUK

   $ —       $ —       $ —       $ —    

GC Impsat

     1       2       5       3  

ROW

     2       2       5       3  
                                

Total

   $ 3     $ 4     $ 10     $ 6  
                                

Total segment operating revenues

    

GCUK

   $ 155     $ 144     $ 465     $ 429  

GC Impsat

     125       97       353       165  

ROW

     390       357       1,142       1,057  

Less: intersegment revenues

     (3 )     (4 )     (10 )     (6 )
                                

Total consolidated

   $ 667     $ 594     $ 1,950     $ 1,645  
                                
     Three months ended September 30,     Nine months ended September 30,  
     2008     2007 (as restated)     2008     2007 (as restated)  
     (unaudited)     (unaudited)  

Adjusted Cash EBITDA

    

GCUK

   $ 39     $ 40     $ 116     $ 104  

GC Impsat

     42       26       106       40  

ROW

     7       8       10       (70 )
                                

Total consolidated

   $ 88     $ 74     $ 232     $ 74  
                                

A reconciliation of Adjusted Cash EBITDA to loss applicable to common shareholders follows:

 

     Three Months Ended September 30, 2008  
     GCUK     GC Impsat     ROW     Eliminations     Total Consolidated  
                 (unaudited)              

Adjusted Cash EBITDA

   $ 39     $ 42     $ 7     $ —       $ 88  

Non-cash stock compensation

     (2 )     (2 )     (14 )     —         (18 )

Depreciation and amortization

     (22 )     (20 )     (42 )     —         (84 )

Interest income

     2       1       —         (1 )     2  

Interest expense

     (16 )     (9 )     (18 )     1       (42 )

Other income (expense), net

     (17 )     (9 )     1       —         (25 )

Net gain on preconfirmation contingencies

     —         4       1       —         5  

Benefit for income taxes

     —         2       2       —         4  

Preferred stock dividends

     —         —         (1 )     —         (1 )
                                        

Income (loss) applicable to common shareholders

   $ (16 )   $ 9     $ (64 )   $ —       $ (71 )
                                        
     Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 (as restated)  
     GCUK     GC Impsat     ROW     Eliminations     Total Consolidated  
                 (unaudited)              

Adjusted Cash EBITDA

   $ 40     $ 26     $ 8     $ —       $ 74  

Non-cash stock compensation

     (1 )     (1 )     (11 )     —         (13 )

Depreciation and amortization

     (24 )     (14 )     (35 )     —         (73 )

Interest income

     2       1       4       (2 )     5  

Interest expense

     (17 )     (8 )     (28 )     2       (51 )

Other income (expense), net

     2       6       (24 )     —         (16 )

Net gain on preconfirmation contingencies

     —         —         2       —         2  

Provision for income taxes

     (1 )     (3 )     (12 )     —         (16 )

Preferred stock dividends

     —         —         (1 )     —         (1 )
                                        

Income (loss) applicable to common shareholders

   $ 1     $ 7     $ (97 )   $ —       $ (89 )
                                        

 

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     Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008  
     GCUK     GC Impsat     ROW     Eliminations     Total Consolidated  
                 (unaudited)              

Adjusted Cash EBITDA

   $ 116     $ 106     $ 10     $ —       $ 232  

Non-cash stock compensation

     (7 )     (8 )     (46 )     —         (61 )

Depreciation and amortization

     (65 )     (60 )     (119 )     —         (244 )

Interest income

     6       2       5       (5 )     8  

Interest expense

     (51 )     (27 )     (58 )     5       (131 )

Other income (expense), net

     (16 )     (6 )     25       —         3  

Net gain on preconfirmation contingencies

     —         4       5       —         9  

Provision for income taxes

     (1 )     (15 )     (27 )     —         (43 )

Preferred stock dividends

     —         —         (3 )     —         (3 )
                                        

Loss applicable to common shareholders

   $ (18 )   $ (4 )   $ (208 )   $ —       $ (230 )
                                        
     Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 (as restated)  
     GCUK     GC Impsat     ROW     Eliminations     Total Consolidated  
                 (unaudited)              

Adjusted Cash EBITDA

   $ 104     $ 40     $ (70 )   $ —       $ 74  

Non-cash stock compensation

     (5 )     (1 )     (41 )     —         (47 )

Depreciation and amortization

     (62 )     (25 )     (99 )     —         (186 )

Interest income

     7       4       12       (6 )     17  

Interest expense

     (52 )     (17 )     (70 )     6       (133 )

Other income (expense), net

     5       (1 )     (2 )     —         2  

Net gain on preconfirmation contingencies

     —         —         2       —         2  

Provision for income taxes

     (2 )     (8 )     (27 )     —         (37 )

Preferred stock dividends

     —         —         (3 )     —         (3 )
                                        

Loss applicable to common shareholders

   $ (5 )   $ (8 )   $ (298 )   $ —       $ (311 )
                                        

 

     September 30,
2008
    December 31,
2007 (as restated)
 
     (unaudited)        

Total Assets

    

GCUK

   $ 785     $ 847  

GC Impsat

     732       714  

ROW

     1,341       1,383  
                

Total segments

     2,858       2,944  

Less: Intercompany loans and trade accounts

     (316 )     (277 )
                

Total consolidated assets

   $ 2,542     $ 2,667  
                
     September 30,
2008
    December 31,
2007 (as restated)
 
     (unaudited)        

Unrestricted Cash

    

GCUK

   $ 61     $ 47  

GC Impsat

     105       77  

ROW

     180       273  
                

Total consolidated unrestricted cash

   $ 346     $ 397  
                
     September 30,
2008
    December 31,
2007
 
     (unaudited)        

Restricted Cash

    

GCUK

   $ —       $ 1  

GC Impsat

     10       23  

ROW

     24       29  
                

Total consolidated restricted cash

   $ 34     $ 53  
                

Eliminations include intersegment eliminations and other reconciling items.

The Company accounts for intersegment sales of products and services and asset transfers at current market prices.

 

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14. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company has only adopted the effective provisions of SFAS No. 157 and has deferred adoption of SFAS No. 157, as amended, applicable to non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities in accordance with FSP No. 157-2. The Company measures its derivative instruments, which include interest rate swaps and caps classified as cash flow hedges, at fair value on a recurring basis under a Level 2 input as defined by SFAS No. 157. The Company relies on mid-market pricing valuations prepared by its brokers to record derivative instruments at fair value. There was no impact, or change in the basis for which the fair value of these items is determined as a result of the adoption of SFAS No. 157.

The following table provides a summary of the fair values of significant financial assets and financial liabilities under SFAS No. 157:

 

          Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2008 Using

Assets

   Total    Quoted Prices in Active
Markets for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
   Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

Cash flow hedges

   $ 1    $ —      $ 1    $ —  

 

15. INVESTMENTS

In May 2008, the Company participated in a debt auction held by the Venezuelan government to purchase $10 par value of U.S. dollar-denominated bonds in connection with the Company’s currency exchange risk mitigation efforts. The purchase price of the bonds was $11. The Company received approval to purchase the bonds and sold these bonds immediately upon receipt at a price of $8, which resulted in an approximate 27% discount. The difference was recorded as a loss on the sale of investments and included in other income (expense), net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is a discussion of our results of operations and current financial position. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report and the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.

As used in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, references to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” or similar terms include Global Crossing Limited and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Our disclosure and analysis in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q contain certain “forward-looking statements,” as such term is defined in Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These statements set forth anticipated results based on management’s plans and assumptions. From time to time, we also provide forward-looking statements in other materials we release to the public as well as oral forward-looking statements. Such statements give our current expectations or forecasts of future events; they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. We have attempted to identify such statements by using words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “will,” “could” and similar expressions in connection with any discussion of future events or future operating or financial performance or strategies or trends. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding:

 

   

our services, including the development and deployment of data products and services based on Internet Protocol (“IP”) and other technologies strategies to expand our targeted customer base and broaden our sales channels and the opening and expansion of our data center and collocation services;

 

   

the operation and maintenance of our network, including with respect to the development of IP-based services and data center and collocation services;

 

   

our liquidity and financial resources, including anticipated capital expenditures, funding of capital expenditures and anticipated levels of indebtedness and the ability to raise capital through financing activities, including capital leases and similar financings;

 

   

trends related to and management’s expectations regarding capital expenditures, results of operations, required capital expenditures, integration of acquired businesses, revenue from existing and new lines of business and sales channels, Adjusted Cash EBITDA, order volumes and cash flows, including but not limited to those statements set forth below in this Item 2; and

 

   

sales efforts, expenses, interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and the outcome of contingencies, such as legal proceedings.

We cannot guarantee that any forward-looking statement will be realized. Achievement of future results is subject to risks, uncertainties and potentially inaccurate assumptions. Should known or unknown risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove inaccurate, actual results could vary materially from past results and those anticipated, estimated or projected. Investors should bear this in mind as they consider forward-looking statements.

We undertake no obligation to publicly update forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. You are advised, however, to consult any further disclosures we make on related subjects in our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K. Also note that we provide the following cautionary discussion of risks and uncertainties related to our businesses. These are factors that we believe, individually or in the aggregate, could cause our actual results to differ materially from expected and historical results. We note these factors for investors as permitted by Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. You should understand that it is not possible to predict or identify all such factors. Consequently, you should not consider the following to be a complete discussion of all potential risks or uncertainties.

Our forward-looking statements are subject to a variety of factors that could cause actual results to differ significantly from current beliefs and expectations. In addition to the risk factors identified under the captions below, the operations and results of our business are subject to risks and uncertainties identified elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q as well as general risks and uncertainties such as those relating to general economic conditions and demand for telecommunications services.

Risks Related to Liquidity and Financial Resources

 

 

We have incurred substantial operating losses since inception but generated modest cash inflows in the third quarter of 2008. However, we may be unable to improve operating results and/or achieve positive cash flows in the future, which could prevent us from meeting our long term liquidity requirements.

 

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If our cash flows do not improve, we would need to arrange financing facilities in order to continue as a going concern. We may be unable to arrange financing facilities on acceptable terms or at all. The liquidity crisis that began in 2007 and continues in 2008 has adversely impacted global credit markets and our ability to obtain debt financing.

 

 

Our cash flow expectations are based in part on arranging significant capital leases and other forms of equipment financing. Our ability to arrange such financings will depend on credit market conditions, which have continued to tighten over the past year due to the ongoing crisis in global capital markets. If we are unable to arrange such financings, we may not be able to make all necessary or desirable capital and other expenditures to run and grow our business.

 

 

We believe that economies of scale will allow us to grow revenue while incurring incremental costs that are proportionately lower than those applicable to our existing business. If the increased costs required to support our revenue growth turn out to be greater than anticipated, we may be unable to improve our profitability and/or cash flows even if revenue growth goals are achieved. In addition, improvements in our cost structure in the short term may become more difficult as the amount of potential savings decreases due to the success of past savings initiatives.

 

 

Periods of economic downturns or recessions may negatively impact us or our customers, including our customers’ ability to meet their payment obligations in a timely manner or at all and may also impact our ability to obtain future funding.

 

 

The sale of indefeasible rights of use (“IRUs”) and similar prepayments for services are an important source of cash flows for us, representing tens of millions of dollars of cash in most quarters. If customers’ buying patterns were to change such that those traditionally buying IRUs were to switch to leasing capacity on monthly payment plans, our liquidity would be adversely affected. The large dollar amounts associated with IRU sales increase the volatility of our quarter-to-quarter cash flow results.

 

 

Cost of access represents our single largest expense and gives rise to material current liabilities. During 2007, certain telecommunications carriers from which we purchase access services demanded that we pay for access services on a more timely basis, which resulted in increased demands on our liquidity. If such demands were to continue to a greater degree than anticipated, we could be prevented from meeting our cash flow projections and our long term liquidity requirements.

 

 

The covenants in our debt instruments and capital lease facilities restrict our financial and operational flexibility. These covenants include significant restrictions on the ability of entities in any one of our segments from making intercompany funds transfers to entities in any other segment. We are also subject to financial maintenance and other covenants, the breach of which could result in our long term debt instruments or capital lease facilities becoming immediately due and payable.

 

 

Our international corporate structure limits the availability of our consolidated cash resources for intercompany funding purposes and reduces our financial flexibility. Legal restrictions arising out of our international corporate structure include prohibitions on paying dividends in excess of retained earnings (or similar concepts under applicable law), which prohibition applies to most of our subsidiaries given their history of operating losses, as well as foreign exchange controls on the expatriation of funds that are particularly prevalent in Latin America.

 

 

We cannot predict our future tax liabilities with a great degree of certainty. If we become subject to increased levels of taxation or if tax contingencies are resolved adversely, our results of operations could be adversely affected.

Risks Related to our Operations

 

 

Our revenue and operating results may vary significantly from quarter to quarter due to a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control. It is possible that in some future quarters our results may be below analysts’ and investors’ expectations.

 

 

Our rights to the use of the dark fiber that make up our network may be affected by the financial health of our fiber providers.

 

 

We may not be able to continue to connect our network to incumbent carriers’ networks or maintain Internet peering arrangements on favorable terms.

 

 

The Network Security Agreement imposes significant requirements on us. A violation of the agreement could have severe consequences.

 

 

It is expensive and difficult to switch new customers to our network, and lack of cooperation of incumbent carriers can slow the new customer connection process.

 

 

The operation, administration, maintenance and repair of our systems require significant expenses and are subject to risks that could lead to disruptions in our services and the failure of our systems to operate as intended for their full design lives.

 

 

The failure of our operations support systems to perform as we expect could impair our ability to retain customers and obtain new customers, or provision their services, or result in increased capital expenditures.

 

 

While capital expenditures have remained relatively stable at levels significantly below those prevailing prior to our bankruptcy reorganization, such levels may not be sustainable in the future, particularly as our business continues to grow.

 

 

Intellectual property and proprietary rights of others could prevent us from using necessary technology.

 

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We have substantial international operations and face political, legal, tax, regulatory and other risks from our operations in foreign jurisdictions. These risks have significantly increased as a result of our acquisition of the Latin American operations of Impsat. For example, in January 2007, the Venezuelan National Assembly issued an Enabling Law allowing the President of Venezuela to carry out the nationalization of certain businesses in the electricity and energy sectors, as well as Venezuela’s largest telecommunications company, which was nationalized in the same year. There can be no assurance that such nationalization plans will not also extend to other businesses in the telecommunications sector, including our business. The Venezuelan government has also announced plans to modify the telecommunications law, and we cannot predict the impact of such amendments to our business.

 

 

We are subject to the FCPA, which generally prohibits companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or keeping business and/or other benefits. Although we have policies and procedures designed to ensure that the Company, its employees and agents comply with the FCPA, there is no assurance that such policies or procedures will work effectively all of the time or protect us against liability under the FCPA for actions taken by our agents, employees and intermediaries with respect to our business or any businesses that we acquire. We operate in a number of jurisdictions that pose a high risk of potential FCPA violations. In May 2007, we acquired Impsat, which was also subject to the FCPA prior to the acquisition. As described in “Additional Information Regarding Impsat” below, the facts developed in our review of certain payments made by Impsat employees to government officials and foreign government proceedings concerning Impsat personnel show that: first, although Impsat had policies in place prior to the May 9, 2007 acquisition relating to FCPA compliance and contracting with third-party agents, those policies were not implemented; second, Impsat’s documentation relating to third-party agents and certain government contracts was not sufficient; third, the corporate environment at Impsat did not reflect a sufficient focus by senior management on promotion of, and compliance by the company with, these policies. As previously disclosed, we conducted a review of certain agents, government contracts, and potential unauthorized payments in Latin American countries. That review is now substantially complete. We also brought these matters to the attention of government authorities in the U.S., including the Securities and Exchange Commission, which has commenced a preliminary inquiry into the matter. We are cooperating with that inquiry which may result in legal action. At this point we are unable to predict the duration, scope or result of that inquiry. Failure to comply with the FCPA, other anti-corruption laws and other laws governing the conduct of business with government entities (including local laws) could lead to criminal and civil penalties and other remedial measures (including further changes or enhancements to our procedures, policies, and controls and potential personnel changes and/or disciplinary actions), any of which could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. We could also be adversely affected by any investigation of any potential violations of such laws.

 

 

We are exposed to significant currency exchange rate risks and our net loss may suffer due to currency translations. Commencing in September 2008, the U.S. Dollar has appreciated considerably against certain foreign currencies in which we conduct a significant portion of our business, including the British Pound Sterling, the Euro and the Brazilian Real. This appreciation adversely impacts consolidated revenue. Since we tend to incur costs in the same currency in which we realize revenue, the impact on operating income and operating cash flow is largely mitigated. However, if the U.S. Dollar trades at the levels in effect at the end of the third quarter or continues to appreciate, future revenues, operating income and operating cash flows will be materially affected. In addition, the appreciation of the U.S. Dollar relative to foreign currencies reduces the U.S. Dollar value of cash balances held in those currencies.

 

 

Certain Latin American economies have experienced shortages in foreign currency reserves and have adopted restrictions on the ability to expatriate local earnings and convert local currencies into U.S. dollars. For example, the official bolivars-U.S. dollar exchange rate in Venezuela attributes to the bolivar a value that is significantly greater than the value prevailing on the parallel market. The official rate is the rate used for recording the assets, liabilities and transactions for our Venezuelan subsidiary. Moreover, the conversion of bolivars into foreign currencies is generally limited due to the current exchange control regime, which has become more restrictive over time, resulting in a buildup of excess cash in our Venezuelan subsidiaries and therefore increase our exchange rate and exchange control risks.

 

 

Many of our most important government customers have the right to terminate their contracts with us if a change of control occurs or to reduce the services they purchase from us.

 

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Risks Related to Competition and our Industry

 

 

The prices that we charge for our services have been decreasing, and we expect that such decreases will continue over time.

 

 

Technological advances and regulatory changes are eroding traditional barriers between formerly distinct telecommunications markets, which could increase the competition we face and put downward pressure on prices.

 

 

Many of our competitors have superior resources, which could place us at a cost and price disadvantage.

 

 

Our selection of technology could prove to be incorrect, ineffective or unacceptably costly, which would limit our ability to compete effectively.

 

 

Our operations are subject to regulation in each of the countries in which we operate and require us to obtain and maintain a number of governmental licenses and permits. If we fail to comply with those regulatory requirements or to obtain and maintain those licenses and permits, including payment of related fees, if any, we may not be able to conduct our business. Moreover, those regulatory requirements could change in a manner that significantly increases our costs or otherwise adversely affects our operations.

 

 

Terrorist attacks and other acts of violence or war may adversely affect the financial markets and our business and operations.

Risks Related to our Common Stock

 

 

We have a very substantial overhang of common stock and a majority shareholder that owns a substantial portion of our common stock and preferred stock convertible into common stock. Future sales of our common stock could cause substantial dilution and future share purchases by our majority shareholder will decrease the liquidity of our common stock, each of which may negatively affect the market price of our shares and impact our ability to raise capital.

 

 

A subsidiary of Singapore Technologies Telemedia Pte Ltd (“ST Telemedia”) is our majority stockholder and the voting rights of other stockholders are therefore limited in practical effect.

 

 

Other than ownership by ST Telemedia and its affiliates, which can-not exceed 66.25% without prior Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) approval, federal law generally prohibits more than 25% of our capital stock from being owned by foreign persons.

Other Risks

 

 

We are exposed to significant contingent liabilities, including those related to Impsat, that could result in material losses that we have not reserved against.

 

 

Our real estate restructuring reserve represents a material liability, the calculation of which involves significant estimation.

For a more detailed description of many of these risks and important additional risk factors, see Item 1A, “Business—Cautionary Factors That May Affect Future Results,” in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.

Executive Summary

Overview

We are a communications solutions provider, offering a suite of IP and legacy telecommunications services in most major business centers in the world. We serve many of the world’s largest corporations and many other telecommunications carriers, providing a full range of managed data and voice products and services that support a migration path to a fully converged IP environment. We offer these services using a global IP-based network that directly connects approximately 400 cities in more than 45 countries and delivers services to more than 690 cities in more than 60 countries around the world. The vast majority of our revenue is generated from monthly services. We report our financial results based on three separate operating segments (i) Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited (“GCUK”) and its subsidiaries (collectively the “GCUK Segment”) which provide services to customers primarily based in the U.K.; (ii) GC Impsat Holdings I Plc (“GC Impsat”) and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “GC Impsat Segment”) which provide services to customers in Latin America; and (iii) GCL and its other subsidiaries (collectively, the “Rest of World Segment” or “ROW Segment”) which represents all our operations outside of the GCUK Segment and the GC Impsat Segment and operates primarily in North America, with smaller operations in Europe, Latin America and Asia.

Third Quarter 2008 Highlights

Revenues from our enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels business grew by $83 million, or 17%, to $560 million in the third quarter of 2008 compared to $477 million in the same period in 2007. This increase was the result of higher revenue in all of our segments driven by growth in the existing customer base and the acquisition of new customers in specific enterprise and carrier target markets.

 

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During the three months ended September 30, 2008, we posted a net operating loss of $14 million and had a net increase in cash and cash equivalents of $28 million.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses, and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements and during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on our knowledge of current events, our actual amounts and results could differ from those estimates. The estimates made are based on historical factors, current circumstances, and the experience and judgment of our management, who continually evaluate the judgments, estimates and assumptions and may employ outside experts to assist in the evaluations.

Certain of our accounting policies are deemed “critical,” as they are both most important to the financial statement presentation and require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. For a discussion of our critical accounting policies, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, as management believes that there have been no significant changes regarding our critical accounting policies since such time.

During the second quarter of 2008 we performed our annual impairment review of the goodwill acquired as part of the Impsat acquisition on May 9, 2007 in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” The impairment review compared the fair value of the reporting units, using a discounted cash flow analysis, to their carrying values, including allocated goodwill. As the fair value of all reporting units exceeded the carrying values, including allocated goodwill, no impairment exists. Calculating future net cash flows expected to be generated by the reporting units involves significant assumptions, estimation and judgment. The estimation involves, but is not limited to, industry trends, including pricing, estimated long term revenue, revenue growth, operating expenses, capital expenditures, discount rates, and expected periods the assets will be utilized.

New Accounting Pronouncements

See Footnote 2, “Basis of Presentation” and Footnote 14, “Fair Value Measurements” to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for a full description of recently issued accounting pronouncements including the date of adoption and effects on our results of operations and financial position, where applicable.

 

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Unaudited results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007:

Consolidated Results

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
    $ Increase/
(Decrease)
    % Increase/
(Decrease)
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    $ Increase/
(Decrease)
    % Increase/
(Decrease)
 
     2008     2007         2008     2007      
           (in millions)                       (in millions)              

Revenue

   $ 667     $ 594     $ 73     12 %   $ 1,950     $ 1,645     $ 305     19 %

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization, shown separately below):

                

Cost of access

     (310 )     (288 )     22     8 %     (915 )     (853 )     62     7 %

Real estate, network and operations

     (109 )     (103 )     6     6 %     (320 )     (292 )     28     10 %

Third party maintenance

     (28 )     (26 )     2     8 %     (83 )     (75 )     8     11 %

Cost of equipment sales

     (25 )     (18 )     7     39 %     (71 )     (66 )     5     8 %
                                        

Total cost of revenue

     (472 )     (435 )         (1,389 )     (1,286 )    

Selling, general and administrative

     (125 )     (98 )     27     28 %     (390 )     (332 )     58     17 %

Depreciation and amortization

     (84 )     (73 )     11     15 %     (244 )     (186 )     58     31 %
                                        

Total operating expenses

     (681 )     (606 )         (2,023 )     (1,804 )    
                                        

Operating loss

     (14 )     (12 )         (73 )     (159 )    

Other income (expense):

                

Interest income

     2       5       (3 )   (60 %)     8       17       (9 )   (53 %)

Interest expense

     (42 )     (51 )     (9 )   (18 %)     (131 )     (133 )     (2 )   (2 %)

Other income (expense), net

     (25 )     (16 )     9     56 %     3       2       1     50 %
                                        

Loss before reorganization items and benefit (provision) for income taxes

     (79 )     (74 )         (193 )     (273 )    

Net gain on preconfirmation contingencies

     5       2       3     150 %     9       2       7     350 %
                                        

Loss before benefit (provision) for income taxes

     (74 )     (72 )         (184 )     (271 )    

Benefit (provision) for income taxes

     4       (16 )     (20 )   NM       (43 )     (37 )     6     16 %
                                        

Net loss

     (70 )     (88 )         (227 )     (308 )    

Preferred stock dividends

     (1 )     (1 )     —       NM       (3 )     (3 )     —       NM  
                                        

Loss applicable to common shareholders

   $ (71 )   $ (89 )       $ (230 )   $ (311 )    
                                        

 

NM—zero balances and comparisons from positive to negative numbers are not meaningful.

Discussion of all significant variances:

Revenue.

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
    $ Increase/
(Decrease)
    % Increase/
(Decrease)
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    $ Increase/
(Decrease)
    % Increase/
(Decrease)
 
     2008     2007 (as restated)         2008     2007 (as restated)      
           (in millions)                       (in millions)              

GCUK

                

Enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels

   $ 152     $ 141     $ 11     8 %   $ 456     $ 421     $ 35     8 %

Carrier voice

     3       3       —       NM       9       8       1     13 %
                                                    
   $ 155     $ 144     $ 11     8 %   $ 465     $ 429     $ 36     8 %
                                                    

GC Impsat

                

Enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels

   $ 121     $ 93     $ 28     30 %   $ 341     $ 159     $ 182     114 %

Carrier voice

     3       2       1     50 %     7       3       4     133 %

Intersegment revenues

     1       2       (1 )   (50 %)     5       3       2     67 %
                                                    
   $ 125     $ 97     $ 28     29 %   $ 353     $ 165     $ 188     114 %
                                                    

ROW

                

Enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels

   $ 287     $ 243     $ 44     18 %   $ 826     $ 710     $ 116     16 %

Carrier voice

     100       110       (10 )   (9 %)     308       340       (32 )   (9 %)

Other

     1       2       (1 )   (50 %)     3       4       (1 )   (25 %)

Intersegment revenues

     2       2       —       NM       5       3       2     67 %
                                                    
   $ 390     $ 357     $ 33     9 %   $ 1,142     $ 1,057     $ 85     8 %
                                                    

Intersegment eliminations

     (3 )     (4 )     1     25 %     (10 )     (6 )     (4 )   (67 %)
                                                    

Consolidated revenues

   $ 667     $ 594     $ 73     12 %   $ 1,950     $ 1,645     $ 305     19 %
                                                    

Our consolidated revenue is separated into two businesses based on our target markets and sales structure: (i) enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels and (ii) carrier voice.

The enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels business consists of: (i) the provision of voice, data and collaboration services to all customers other than carriers and consumers; (ii) the provision of data products, including IP, transport and capacity services, to carrier customers; and (iii) the provision of voice, data and managed services to or through business relationships with other carriers, sales agents and system integrators. The carrier voice business consists of the provision of predominantly United States domestic and international long distance voice services to carrier customers.

 

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During the second quarter of 2008, we transferred our legacy Brazilian operations from the ROW Segment to the GC Impsat Segment. Also, during the third quarter of 2008, we transferred our legacy Chilean operations from the ROW Segment to the GC Impsat Segment. As these transfers were between entities under common control, we have retroactively restated the GC Impsat Segment results to include the results of the Brazilian and Chilean operations and removed the results of the Brazilian and Chilean operations from the ROW Segment for all applicable periods presented. We anticipate transferring our Argentine operations from the ROW Segment to the GC Impsat Segment during 2009 in a continuing effort to streamline our operations.

Our consolidated revenue increased in the three months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 as a result of higher revenue at all of our segments. Our consolidated revenue increased in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007, primarily as a result of higher revenue at our GCUK and ROW Segments, and the inclusion of Impsat in our results since May 9, 2007. Revenue growth reflected strong demand across all of our segments for broadband lease, enterprise voice services and IP VPN and other data products. In addition, ROW Segment revenue growth reflected strong demand for our conferencing services. These increases were partially offset by decreased carrier voice revenue primarily as a result of decreases in our average pricing for our U.S. domestic long distance voice services at our ROW Segment. We expect our carrier voice business revenue to remain relatively flat going forward. In addition, our GCUK Segment revenue was adversely impacted by currency movements in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same periods in 2007.

The Company’s order levels, which are a key indicator of continuing strength in customer demand for our services, remained healthy during the three months ended September 30, 2008. Average monthly estimated gross values for sales orders increased 10% in the third quarter of 2008 compared to the same period of 2007. This metric is used by management as a leading business indicator offering insight into near term revenue trends. The gross values of these monthly recurring orders are estimated based on new business acquired, and they exclude the effects of attrition, the replacement of existing services with new services, and credits.

See “Segment Results” in this Item 2 for further discussion of results by segment.

Cost of Revenue.

Cost of revenue primarily includes the following: (i) cost of access, including usage-based voice charges paid to local exchange carriers and interexchange carriers to originate and/or terminate switched voice traffic and charges for leased lines for dedicated facilities and local loop (“last mile”) charges from both domestic and international carriers; (ii) real estate, network and operations charges which include (a) employee-related costs such as salaries and benefits, incentive compensation and stock-related expenses for employees directly attributable to the operation of our network, (b) real estate expenses for all non-restructured technical sites, and (c) other non-employee related costs incurred to operate our network, such as license and permit fees and professional fees; (iii) third party maintenance costs incurred in connection with maintaining the network; and (iv) cost of equipment sales, which includes the software, hardware, equipment and maintenance sold to our customers.

Cost of Access.

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
    $ Increase/
(Decrease)
    % Increase/
(Decrease)
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    $ Increase/
(Decrease)
    % Increase/
(Decrease)
 
     2008     2007 (as restated)         2008     2007 (as restated)      
           (in millions)                       (in millions)              

GCUK

                

Enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels

   $ 45     $ 38     $ 7     18 %   $ 135     $ 118     $ 17     14 %

Carrier voice

     3       2       1     50 %     7       6       1     17 %
                                                    
   $ 48     $ 40     $ 8     20 %   $ 142     $ 124     $ 18     15 %
                                                    

GC Impsat

                

Enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels

   $ 24     $ 24     $ —       NM     $ 74     $ 39     $ 35     90 %

Carrier voice

     2       1       1     100 %     6       2       4     200 %

Intersegment cost of access

     2       2       —       NM       5       3       2     67 %
                                                    
   $ 28     $ 27     $ 1     4 %   $ 85     $ 44     $ 41     93 %
                                                    

ROW

                

Enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels

   $ 147     $ 126     $ 21     17 %   $ 422     $ 385     $ 37     10 %

Carrier voice

     89       96       (7 )   (7 %)     271       302       (31 )   (10 %)

Other

     —         1       (1 )   (100 %)     —         1       (1 )   (100 %)

Intersegment cost of access

     1       2       (1 )   (50 %)     4       2       2     100 %
                                                    
   $ 237     $ 225     $ 12     5 %   $ 697     $ 690     $ 7     1 %
                                                    

Intersegment eliminations

     (3 )     (4 )     1     25 %     (9 )     (5 )     (4 )   (80 %)
                                                    

Consolidated cost of access

   $ 310     $ 288     $ 22     8 %   $ 915     $ 853     $ 62     7 %
                                                    

Cost of access increased in the three months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period of 2007, primarily driven by increases in revenue and associated access charges in the enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels business of our GCUK and ROW Segments. Cost of access increased in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period of 2007 primarily driven by increases in revenue and associated access charges in the enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels business of our GCUK and ROW Segments, as well as the inclusion of Impsat in our results since May 9, 2007. Included in our cost of access for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $80 million and $41 million, respectively related to Impsat (net of intersegment cost of access). The increase in cost of access was moderated by: (i) our cost reduction initiatives to optimize access network costs and effectively lower unit prices and (ii) lower carrier voice sales revenue in our ROW Segment. In addition, our GCUK Segment cost of access was positively impacted by currency movements in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same periods in 2007.

 

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Other Cost of Revenue.

The increase in real estate, network and operations in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 was primarily due to an increase of $24 million resulting from including Impsat in our results since May 9, 2007. In addition, real estate, network and operations in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, as compared with the same periods in 2007, was higher as a result of higher real estate costs of $6 million and $13 million, respectively, primarily driven by higher facilities rent and utilities expense. The higher facilities rent resulted primarily from our decision in 2007 to convert idle real estate facilities previously included in the restructuring reserve into productive operating assets in connection with the establishment of our European collocation business. The increase in real estate, network and operations in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 was partially offset by decreases in salaries and benefits of $6 million, primarily as a result of headcount reductions under the May 10, 2007 restructuring plan.

Third-party maintenance increased in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007, primarily due to the inclusion of Impsat in our results since May 9, 2007.

Cost of equipment sales increased in the three months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007, primarily due to increased sales at our GCUK and GC Impsat Segments, partially offset by decreased equipment sales at our ROW Segment.

Cost of equipment sales increased in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007, primarily due to including Impsat in our results since May 9, 2007. In addition, increased cost of equipment sales at our GCUK Segment were mostly offset by decreased equipment sales at our ROW Segment.

Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”). SG&A expenses primarily consist of: (i) employee-related costs such as salaries and benefits, incentive compensation and stock-related expenses for employees not directly attributable to the operation of our network; (ii) real estate expenses for all non-restructured administrative sites; (iii) bad debt expense; (iv) non-income taxes, including property taxes on owned real estate and trust fund related taxes such as gross receipts taxes, franchise taxes and capital taxes; (v) restructuring costs; and (vi) regulatory costs, insurance, telecommunications costs, professional fees and license and maintenance fees for internal software and hardware.

The increase in SG&A in the three months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 was primarily due to higher restructuring expenses of $12 million and higher salaries and benefits of $10 million. The higher restructuring expenses were driven by a release of restructuring reserves during the third quarter of 2007 due to the settlement and termination of existing real estate lease agreements for technical facilities, while the higher salaries and benefits were primarily driven by increased sales force headcount and commission compensation.

The increase in SG&A in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 was primarily due to an increase of $53 million resulting from including Impsat in our results since May 9, 2007. In addition, the increase in SG&A resulted from higher facilities restructuring expenses of $13 million, primarily driven by a release of restructuring reserves during the third quarter of 2007 due to the settlement and termination of existing real estate lease agreements for technical facilities. This increase in SG&A was partially offset by lower severance-related restructuring charges of $10 million, primarily driven by restructuring charges recorded in 2007 due to the May 10, 2007 restructuring plan.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization consists of depreciation of property and equipment, including leased assets, amortization of cost of access installation costs and amortization of identifiable intangibles. Depreciation and amortization increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same periods in 2007 primarily due to: (i) amortization of acquired intangible assets related to the Impsat acquisition; and (ii) an increased asset base as a result of fixed asset additions, including capital leases. In addition, depreciation and amortization increased in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 due to the inclusion of Impsat’s results in our results since May 9, 2007.

Interest income. The decrease in interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same periods in 2007 was the result of lower average cash balances and lower interest rates.

Interest expense. Interest expense includes interest related to indebtedness for money borrowed, capital lease obligations, certain tax liabilities, amortization of deferred finance costs and interest on late payments to vendors.

 

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The decrease in interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same periods in 2007 was primarily a result of decreased interest resulting from STT Crossing Ltd.’s effective conversion of its $250 million original principal amount of Mandatorily Convertible Notes into approximately 16.58 million shares of common stock on August 27, 2007. The decrease in interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 as described above was mostly offset by including for a full period interest on the $350 million term loan incurred by GCL during the second quarter of 2007 and the GC Impsat Notes issued by GC Impsat on February 14, 2007, as well as increased interest related to capital leases, late payment to vendors and other miscellaneous debt.

Other income (expense), net. Other income (expense), net consists of foreign currency impacts on transactions, gains and losses on the sale of assets including property and equipment, marketable securities and other assets and other non-operating items.

Other expense, net, increased in the three months ended September 30, 2008, as compared with the same period of the prior year, primarily as a result of recording foreign exchange losses in the current year period compared to foreign exchange gains in the same period of the prior year. The increase in other expense, net, was partially offset by expensing in the prior year period a $30 million inducement fee related to the early conversion of STT debt to equity.

Other income, net increased in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 primarily as a result of expensing in the prior year period a $30 million inducement fee related to the early conversion of STT debt to equity, as well as expensing in the prior year period $10 million of deferred financing fees related to both: (i) the Bank of America working capital facility, which was retired during the second quarter of 2007; and (ii) the bridge loan which was terminated upon issuance of the GC Impsat Notes. This increase in other income, net, was partially offset by recording in the prior year period a $27 million non-cash, non-taxable gain from deemed settlement of pre-existing arrangements with Impsat on the date of acquisition. The increase in other income, net was further offset by recording lower foreign exchange gains in the current year period compared with the same period in 2007.

Net gain on pre-confirmation contingencies. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we settled various third-party disputes and revised our estimated liability for certain contingencies related to periods prior to our emergence from Chapter 11 proceedings. We accounted for these contingencies in accordance with AICPA Practice Bulletin 11—“Accounting for Preconfirmation Contingencies in Fresh Start Reporting” and recorded a net gain on the settlements and/or changes in estimated liabilities.

Benefit (provision) for income taxes. Provision for income taxes decreased in the three months ended September 30, 2008, as compared with the same period of the prior year, primarily due to foreign exchange movements which reduced income before taxes in certain taxable jurisdictions.

The increase in the provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 was a result of including Impsat in our results since May 9, 2007 and increased taxable income in various jurisdictions due to growth in revenue, partially offset by foreign exchange effects in certain taxable jurisdictions. Provision for income taxes related to fresh start accounting for deferred tax benefits realized after our emergence from bankruptcy does not result in cash taxes. This non-cash tax provision was $(2) million and $(24) million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, and $(11) million and $(29) million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007.

Segment Results

Our chief operating decision makers (“CODMs”) assess performance and allocate resources based on three separate operating segments which we operate and manage as strategic business units: (i) the GCUK Segment; (ii) the GC Impsat Segment; and (iii) the ROW Segment.

The GCUK Segment operates primarily in the UK and provides a wide range of telecommunications services, including data, IP and voice services to government and other public sector organizations, major corporations and other communications companies in the UK. The GC Impsat Segment operates primarily in the Latin America region and provides telecommunication services including IP, voice, data center and information technology services to corporate and government clients in Latin America. The ROW Segment represents all our operations outside the GCUK and GC Impsat Segments and operates primarily in North America, with smaller operations in Europe, Latin America and Asia, serving many of the world’s largest corporations and many other telecommunications carriers with a full range of managed telecommunication services, including data, IP and voice products. The services provided by all our segments support a migration path to a fully converged IP environment.

The CODMs measure and evaluate our reportable segments based on Adjusted Cash EBITDA. Adjusted Cash EBITDA, as defined by us, is earnings before non-cash stock compensation, depreciation and amortization, interest income, interest expense, other income (expense), net, net gain on pre-confirmation contingencies, benefit (provision) for income taxes, and preferred stock

 

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dividends. We believe that Adjusted Cash EBITDA is an important part of our internal reporting and is a key measure used by us to evaluate our profitability and operating performance and to make resource allocation decisions. We believe such measure is especially important in a capital-intensive industry such as telecommunications.

However, there may be important differences between our Adjusted Cash EBITDA measure and similar performance measures used by other companies. Additionally, this financial measure does not include certain significant items such as non-cash stock compensation, depreciation and amortization, interest income, interest expense, other income (expense) net, net gain on pre-confirmation contingencies, benefit (provision) for income taxes and preferred stock dividends. Adjusted Cash EBITDA should not be considered a substitute for net income, operating income, operating cash flows or other measures of financial performance.

During the second quarter of 2008, we transferred our legacy Brazilian operations from the ROW Segment to the GC Impsat Segment. Also, during the third quarter of 2008, we transferred our legacy Chilean operations from the ROW Segment to the GC Impsat Segment. As these transfers were between entities under common control, we have retroactively restated the GC Impsat Segment results to include the results of the Brazilian and Chilean operations and removed the results of the Brazilian and Chilean operations from the ROW Segment for all applicable periods presented. We anticipate transferring our Argentine operations from the ROW Segment to the GC Impsat Segment 2009 in a continuing effort to streamline our operations.

GCUK Segment

Revenue

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
   $ Increase/
(Decrease)
   % Increase/
(Decrease)
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   $ Increase/
(Decrease)
   % Increase/
(Decrease)
 
     2008    2007         2008    2007      
          (in millions)                    (in millions)            

GCUK

                      

Enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels

   $ 152    $ 141    $ 11    8 %   $ 456    $ 421    $ 35    8 %

Carrier voice

     3      3      —      NM       9      8      1    13 %
                                              
   $ 155    $ 144    $ 11    8 %   $ 465    $ 429    $ 36    8 %
                                              

Revenue for our GCUK Segment increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same periods of 2007 primarily as a result of strong demand for broadband lease, enterprise voice services and IP VPN data products. In addition, included in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 is approximately $3 million of revenue related to incremental billings as a result of a contract review of acquired Fibernet Group Plc customers. Our GCUK Segment revenue was adversely impacted by currency movements in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same periods in 2007. Despite current economic conditions, GCUK continues to see strong interest in our IP services and as a result continues to win new business. Many government agencies and enterprises continue to refresh their more traditional technologies and take advantage of converged IP services. However, the telecommunications market in the UK remains highly competitive. One of GCUK’s principal customer relationships is with Camelot, the current holder of the license to operate the UK National Lottery. Camelot’s current license to operate the National Lottery expires in January 2009. On August 31, 2007, Camelot entered into an enabling agreement with the National Lottery Commission which officially appoints Camelot as operator of the National Lottery for a 10 year period from February 2009. On October 9, 2007, Camelot announced its intention to replace its existing landline-based ISDN network, supplied by GCUK, with a broadband satellite communications network to be supplied by another service provider. Camelot has begun the migration of the network and expects to complete it by the time our contract is due to expire in January 2009. Although the precise impact on GCUK will depend on the details and timing of Camelot’s actual network transition, we expect that revenue from our relationship with Camelot will decline substantially in the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009. Our revenue from sales to Camelot was $13 million and $39 million for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Adjusted Cash EBITDA

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
   $ Increase/
(Decrease)
    % Increase/
(Decrease)
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   $ Increase/
(Decrease)
   % Increase/
(Decrease)
 
     2008    2007        2008    2007      
          (in millions)                     (in millions)            

GCUK

                     

Adjusted Cash EBITDA

   $ 39    $ 40    $ (1 )   (3 %)   $ 116    $ 104    $ 12    12 %

Adjusted Cash EBITDA in this segment increased in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 primarily as a result of the increase in revenue driven by strong demand for our higher margin broadband lease, enterprise voice services and IP VPN data products in our enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels business, partially offset by adverse foreign exchange movements. This increase in Adjusted Cash EBITDA was partially offset by higher access charges resulting from additional usage volume and higher costs of equipment sales.

 

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GC Impsat Segment

Revenue

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
   $ Increase/
(Decrease)
    % Increase/
(Decrease)
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   $ Increase/
(Decrease)
   % Increase/
(Decrease)
 
     2008    2007 (as restated)        2008    2007 (as restated)      
          (in millions)                     (in millions)            

GC Impsat

                     

Enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels

   $ 121    $ 93    $ 28     30 %   $ 341    $ 159    $ 182    114 %

Carrier voice

     3      2      1     50 %     7      3      4    133 %

Intersegment revenues

     1      2      (1 )   (50 %)     5      3      2    67 %
                                               
   $ 125    $ 97    $ 28     29 %   $ 353    $ 165    $ 188    114 %
                                               

Prior to our acquisition of Impsat on May 9, 2007, our GC Impsat Segment had no revenue-generating activities and consisted of a holding company that issued the GC Impsat Notes in anticipation of the acquisition of Impsat.

Revenue for our GC Impsat Segment increased in the three months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007 primarily due to strong demand for managed services and IP VPN data products.

Revenue for our GC Impsat Segment increased in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007 primarily due to the prior year period including the results of the GC Impsat Segment only since May 9, 2007, the date of acquisition. The increase in GC Impsat Segment revenue also reflected a strong demand for broadband lease, managed services and IP VPN data products.

Adjusted Cash EBITDA

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
   $ Increase/
(Decrease)
   % Increase/
(Decrease)
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   $ Increase/
(Decrease)
   % Increase/
(Decrease)
 
     2008    2007 (as restated)         2008    2007 (as restated)      
          (in millions)                    (in millions)            

GC Impsat

                      

Adjusted Cash EBITDA

   $ 42    $ 26    $ 16    62 %   $ 106    $ 40    $ 66    165 %

Adjusted Cash EBITDA for our GC Impsat Segment increased in the three months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007 as a result of the increase in revenue driven by strong demand for our higher margin managed services and IP VPN data products in our enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels business, partially offset by higher employee-related expenses. The higher employee-related expenses were driven by an increase in salaries and benefits primarily due to increased headcount and inflation-related salary adjustments.

Adjusted Cash EBITDA for our GC Impsat Segment increased in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007 primarily due to the prior year period including the results of the GC Impsat Segment only since May 9, 2007, the date of acquisition.

 

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ROW Segment

Revenue

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
   $ Increase/
(Decrease)
    % Increase/
(Decrease)
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   $ Increase/
(Decrease)
    % Increase/
(Decrease)
 
     2008    2007 (as restated)        2008    2007 (as restated)     
     (in millions)           (in millions)        

ROW

                    

Enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels

   $ 287    $ 243    $ 44     18 %   $ 826    $ 710    $ 116     16 %

Carrier voice

     100      110      (10 )   (9 %)     308      340      (32 )   (9 %)

Other

     1      2      (1 )   (50 %)     3      4      (1 )   (25 %)

Intersegment revenues

     2      2      —       NM       5      3      2     67 %
                                                
   $ 390    $ 357    $ 33     9 %   $ 1,142    $ 1,057    $ 85     8 %
                                                

Revenue for our ROW Segment increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same periods in 2007 primarily as a result of strong demand for our higher margin broadband lease, enterprise voice services, conferencing and IP VPN data products in our enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels business, partially offset by a decrease in managed services primarily due to lower demand for equipment sales. This increase in enterprise, carrier data, and indirect sales channels revenue was partially offset by decreased carrier voice revenue as a result of decreases in our average pricing for our U.S. domestic long distance voice services. Our average pricing related to U.S. domestic long distance voice services declined in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same periods of 2007, while our sales volumes for our U.S. domestic long distance voice services increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same periods of 2007. We expect our carrier voice sales channel revenue to remain relatively flat going forward.

Adjusted Cash EBITDA

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
   $ Increase/
(Decrease)
    % Increase/
(Decrease)
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    $ Increase/
(Decrease)
   % Increase/
(Decrease)
 
     2008    2007 (as restated)        2008    2007 (as restated)       
     (in millions)           (in millions)       

ROW

                    

Adjusted Cash EBITDA

   $ 7    $ 8    $ (1 )   (13 %)   $ 10    $ (70 )   $ 80    114 %

Adjusted Cash EBITDA in this segment improved in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period of 2007 primarily as a result of the increase in revenue in our enterprise, carrier data and indirect sales channels business and lower employee-related expenses and lower costs associated with equipment sales. The lower employee-related expenses were a result of the 2007 severance-related restructuring charge arising from the May 10, 2007 restructuring plan, which was not repeated in 2008, and the resulting lower headcount driving reduced salaries and benefits in the comparable 2008 period. The lower cost of equipment was driven by decreased equipment sales revenue. This improvement in Adjusted Cash EBITDA was partially offset by higher access costs, higher facilities rent, higher facilities restructuring expenses and higher third party maintenance. The higher access costs were driven by higher enterprise, carrier data and indirect sales channels business revenue. The higher facilities restructuring expenses in 2008 were driven by the release of restructuring reserves during 2007 due to the settlement and termination of existing real estate lease agreements for technical facilities. The higher facilities rent resulted primarily from our decision in 2007 to convert idle real estate facilities previously included in the restructuring reserve to productive operating assets in connection with the establishment of our European collocation business. Third party maintenance increased as a result of expanded network coverage and fiber/cable relocation and repairs.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Financial Condition and State of Liquidity

Our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness and to fund planned capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. This, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors (such as satisfactory resolution of contingent liabilities) that are beyond our control.

Based on our current level of operations and anticipated cost management and operating improvements, we believe our expected cash flow from operations, available cash and other sources of available financing, will be adequate to meet our future liquidity needs for at least the next twelve months.

There can be no assurance, however, that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations, that currently anticipated cost savings and operating improvements will be realized on schedule or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness or to fund our other liquidity needs. Intra-quarter working capital variability

 

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and the timing of interest payments significantly impact our cash flows, such that our intra-quarter cash balances tend to drop to levels significantly lower than that prevailing at the end of a given quarter. We may need to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness on or before maturity. We cannot provide assurances that we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all. Furthermore, we cannot provide any assurances that the ongoing crisis in global capital markets will not have a material impact on our future operations and cash flows.

We monitor our capital structure on an ongoing basis and from time to time we consider financing and refinancing options to improve our capital structure and to enhance our financial flexibility. Our ability to enter into new financing arrangements is subject to restrictions in our outstanding debt instruments (as described below under “Indebtedness”) and to the rights of ST Telemedia under our outstanding preferred shares. At any given time we may pursue a variety of financing opportunities, and our decision to proceed with any financing will depend, among other things, on prevailing market conditions and available terms.

At September 30, 2008, our available liquidity consisted of $346 million of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, including $22 million debt service reserve funds for the GC Impsat Notes which became unrestricted during the third quarter of 2008. At September 30, 2008, we also held $34 million in restricted cash and cash equivalents. This restricted cash and cash equivalents is primarily comprised of (i) cash collateral for letters of credit issued in favor of certain of our vendors; and (ii) amounts escrowed for repayment of principal for our primary debt in Colombia due in December 2008.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we posted a net operating loss of $73 million and had a net decrease in cash and cash equivalents of $51 million. During the three months ended September 30, 2008 we posted a net operating loss of $14 million and generated a net increase in cash and cash equivalents of $28 million. Over time, we expect our operating results and cash flows to continue to improve as a result of the continued growth of our higher margin enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels business, including the economies of scale expected to result from such growth, and from ongoing cost reduction initiatives to optimize the access network and effectively lower unit prices. Thus, in the long term we expect to generate positive cash flow from operating and investing activities. However, our ability to improve cash flows is subject to the risks and uncertainties described above under “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” In the short-term, our cash flows are particularly subject to the following factors:

 

   

Our reliance on the sale of IRUs and prepaid services, which individually involve large dollar amounts and are difficult to predict. During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we received $105 million in cash receipts from the sale of IRUs and prepaid services compared to $83 million in the same period in 2007. The continuing adverse conditions in global credit markets could cause customer payment patterns with us to change as a result of their cash conservation efforts, which could have an adverse impact on our cash flows, although we have not yet detected evidence of such a change.

 

   

Our reliance on capital leases and other arrangements to finance a portion of our capital expenditure requirements. We arranged $34 million of financing for capital expenditures during the nine months ended September 30, 2008. Our ability to arrange such financings has been impacted by credit market conditions which have continued to tighten over the past year due to the ongoing crisis in global capital markets.

 

   

Our exposure to significant currency exchange rate risks. Commencing in September 2008, the U.S. Dollar has appreciated considerably against certain foreign currencies in which we conduct a significant portion of our business, including the British Pound Sterling, the Euro and Brazilian Real. Since we tend to incur costs in the same currency in which we earn revenue, the impact on operating cash flows was largely mitigated. However, if the U.S. Dollar remains at the trading levels in effect at the end of the third quarter or continues to appreciate, future revenues, operating income and operating cash flows will be materially affected. In addition, the appreciation of the U.S. Dollar relative to foreign currencies reduces the U.S. Dollar value of cash balances held in those currencies. For the nine months ended September 30, 2008, our unrestricted cash and cash equivalent balances were reduced by $7 million due to the impact of exchange rates on unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar.

As a result of 2007 financing activities, the vast majority of our long term debt matures after 2010. With regard to our major debt instruments, (i) the $144 million original principal amount of our 5% Convertible Notes matures in 2011 (subject to earlier conversion into GCL common stock at the conversion price of approximately $22.98 per share); (ii) $332 million under our Term Loan Agreement is due at final maturity in 2012; (iii) the $513 million original principal amount of senior secured notes issued by Global Crossing Finance (UK) Plc (“the GCUK Notes”) matures in 2014; and (iv) the $225 million original principal amount of the GC Impsat Notes matures in 2017. We also have approximately $22 million of bonds issued by GC Impsat’s Colombian subsidiary which mature 50% in December 2008 and 50% in December 2010. If cash on hand at the time any of these debt instruments mature is

 

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insufficient to satisfy these and our other debt repayment obligations, we would need to access the capital markets to meet our liquidity requirements. Such access would depend on market conditions and our credit profile at the time. The ongoing crisis in global capital markets could make it more difficult for us to obtain debt financing.

As a holding company, all of our revenue is generated by our subsidiaries and substantially all of our assets are owned by our subsidiaries. As a result, we are dependent upon intercompany transfers of funds from our subsidiaries to meet our debt service and other payment obligations. Our subsidiaries are incorporated and operate in various jurisdictions throughout the world and are subject to legal and contractual restrictions affecting their ability to make intercompany funds transfers. Such legal restrictions include prohibitions on paying dividends in excess of retained earnings (or similar concepts under applicable law), which prohibition applies to most of our subsidiaries given their history of operating losses, as well as foreign exchange controls on the expatriation of funds that are particularly prevalent in Latin America. Contractual restrictions on intercompany funds transfers include limitations in our major debt instruments on the ability of our subsidiaries to make dividend and other payments on equity securities, as well as limitations on our subsidiaries’ ability to make intercompany loans or to upstream funds in any other manner. These contractual restrictions arise under our major debt instruments, each of which is generally limited in application to one of our segments (e.g., the restrictions in the Term Loan Agreement apply to the ROW Segment, the restrictions in the GCUK Notes indenture apply to the GCUK Segment, and the restrictions in the GC Impsat Notes indenture apply to the GC Impsat Segment). Thus, these contractual restrictions generally do not restrict intercompany funds transfers within a given segment, but rather significantly restrict intercompany funds transfers from one segment to another. Each such debt instrument includes exceptions which allow a limited amount of intercompany loans to entities in other segments, subject to certain restrictions.

At September 30, 2008, unrestricted cash and cash equivalents were $61 million, $105 million, and $180 million at our GCUK, GC Impsat and ROW Segments, respectively. Although operational constraints require us to maintain significant minimum cash balances in each of our segments, we believe that our GCUK and GC Impsat Segments’ existing unrestricted cash balances are sufficient for their operating and investing activities. We anticipate transferring cash from the GC Impsat Segment to the ROW Segment during the fourth quarter of 2008 by way of intercompany loans, repayment of existing intercompany debt and other methods. We believe that these and future inter-segment funds transfers in amounts permitted by our debt instruments will be sufficient to enable the ROW Segment to reach the point of generating recurring positive cash flow from operating and investing activities. The vast majority of our assets other than the assets of our GC Impsat Segment have been pledged to secure our indebtedness, and the GC Impsat Notes indenture contains an “equal and ratable” provision which generally requires GC Impsat to provide the holders of the GC Impsat Notes with an equal and ratable lien if GC Impsat pledges its assets to secure other indebtedness. A failure to comply with the covenants contained in any of our loan instruments could result in an event of default, which, if not cured or waived, could result in an acceleration of all such debts, which would adversely affect our rights under certain commercial agreements and have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and liquidity. If the indebtedness under any of our loan instruments were to be accelerated, there can be no assurance that our assets would be sufficient to repay such indebtedness in full. In such event, we would have to raise funds from alternative sources, which may not be available on favorable terms, on a timely basis or at all. Moreover, a default by any of our subsidiaries under a capital lease obligation or debt obligation totaling more than $2.5 million, as well as the bankruptcy or insolvency of any of our subsidiaries, could trigger cross-default provisions under certain debt instruments.

Indebtedness

At September 30, 2008, we had $1.399 billion of indebtedness outstanding (including short term debt, the current portion of long term debt and capital lease obligations), consisting of $485 million of GCUK Notes, $144 million of 5% Convertible Notes, $225 million of GC Impsat Notes, $345 million under the Term Loan Agreement, $43 million of other debt and $157 million of capital lease obligations.

See Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Indebtedness,” of our 2007 annual report on Form 10-K, for a description of the GCUK Notes, 5% Convertible Notes, GC Impsat Notes and Term Loan Agreement.

Financing Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we entered into debt agreements to finance various equipment purchases and software licenses. The total debt obligation resulting from these agreements is $2 million. These agreements have terms that range from 24 to 49 months and annual interest rates that generally range from 3.2% to 11.0%, with a weighted average effective interest rate of 7.5%. In addition, we also entered into various capital leasing arrangements that amounted to $32 million. These agreements have terms that range from 21 to 55 months and implicit interest rates that range from 4.4% to 16.7%, with a weighted average effective interest rate of 6.8%.

 

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During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we entered into debt agreements and received approximately $7 million of cash proceeds. These agreements have terms that range from 12 to 60 months and annual interest rates that are variable based on a spread over the London Inter-bank Offered Rate.

Certain of our debt and capital lease agreements contain non-financial covenants which require specific labeling, tracking and reporting procedures for the physical location of the leased assets. The failure to meet these covenants allows the lessor to accelerate payments under the lease agreements. At September 30, 2008, these non-financial covenants have not been completely satisfied for debt and lease agreements representing $77 million of indebtedness. We have received a waiver for approximately $75 million of such non-compliance through January 1, 2009 assuming certain milestones are achieved. We have achieved all milestones, as required under the waiver, as of September 30, 2008, and expect to achieve the remaining milestones and become fully compliant prior to the deadline. The remaining balances of $2 million are classified as current liabilities at September 30, 2008.

GCUK Notes Tender Offer

As required by the indenture governing the senior secured notes due 2014 (the “GCUK Notes”), within 120 days after the end of each twelve month period ending December 31, GCUK must offer (the “Annual Repurchase Offer”) to purchase a portion of the GCUK Notes at a purchase price equal to 100% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the purchase date, with 50% of “Designated GCUK Cash Flow” from that period. “Designated GCUK Cash Flow” means GCUK’s consolidated net income plus non-cash charges minus capital expenditures, calculated in accordance with the terms of the indenture governing the GCUK Notes. With respect to the 2007 Annual Repurchase Offer, we made an offer for and purchased approximately $2 million principal amount of the GCUK Notes.

If the current year-to-date results were the results for the full year to December 31, 2008, we would be obligated to make an Annual Repurchase Offer of $11 million, exclusive of accrued but unpaid interest. Any such offer is required to be made within 120 days of such date, and the related purchases must be completed within 150 days after year-end.

Cash Management Impacts

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 

     Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    $ Increase/
(Decrease)
 
     2008     2007    
           (in millions)        

Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities

   $ 124     $ (109 )   $ 233  

Net cash flows used in investing activities

     (120 )     (282 )     162  

Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities

     (48 )     298       (346 )

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     (7 )     3       (10 )
                        

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

   $ (51 )   $ (90 )   $ 39  
                        

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Cash flows provided by operating activities increased in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 primarily due to cash collections on improved revenues in our higher margin enterprise, carrier data and indirect channels business. In addition, during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 we received $105 million of cash receipts from the sale of IRUs and prepayment of services compared with $84 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Also, in the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we reduced our days payable outstanding with key access vendors.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Cash flows used in investing activities decreased in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 primarily as a result of: (i) $74 million decrease in the change in restricted cash and cash equivalents primarily as a result of establishing the $22 million debt service account for the GC Impsat Notes in 2007 and releasing it in the third quarter of 2008; (ii) $76 million payment for the acquisition of Impsat in 2007; (iii) $11 million decrease in capital purchases not financed by capital leases; and (iv) $4 million increase in proceeds from the sale of fixed assets. These items were offset by a $3 million decrease in net proceeds of marketable securities.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Cash flows provided by financing activities decreased in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 primarily as a result of: (i) $367 million less net cash inflow from financings, including capital lease obligations, after repayment of debt obligations (the 2007 period included $216 million of acquired Impsat debt repayment); and (ii) $3 million less proceeds from the exercise of stock options. These factors were offset by a $24 million decrease in finance costs incurred.

 

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Contractual Cash Commitments

During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we entered into an agreement to construct or upgrade our network that requires payment of $14 million and entered into an amendment to a purchase and license agreement that requires payment of $13 million, both payable over the next year.

Credit Risk

We are subject to concentrations of credit risk in our trade receivables. Although our receivables are geographically dispersed and include customers both large and small and in numerous industries, our receivables from our carrier sales channels are generated from sales of services to other carriers in the telecommunications industry. As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, our receivables related to our carrier sales channels represented approximately 43% and 43%, respectively, of our consolidated receivables. Also as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, our receivables due from various agencies of the U.K. Government together represented approximately 9% and 14%, respectively, of our consolidated receivables.

Currency Risk

Many of our current and prospective customers derive their revenue in currencies other than U.S. dollars but are invoiced by us in U.S. dollars. The obligations of customers with substantial revenue in foreign currencies may be subject to unpredictable and indeterminate increases in the event that such currencies depreciate in value relative to the U.S. dollar. Furthermore, such customers may become subject to exchange control regulations restricting the conversion of their revenue currencies into U.S. dollars. In either event, the affected customers may not be able to pay us in U.S. dollars. In addition, where we issue invoices for our services in currencies other than U.S. dollars, our net loss may suffer due to currency translations in the event that such currencies depreciate relative to the U.S. dollar and we cannot or do not elect to enter into currency hedging arrangements in respect of those payment obligations. Declines in the value of foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar could adversely affect our ability to market our services to customers whose revenue is denominated in those currencies.

Certain Latin American economies have experienced shortages in foreign currency reserves and have adopted restrictions on the ability to expatriate local earnings and convert local currencies into U.S. dollars. Any such shortages or restrictions may limit or impede our ability to transfer or to convert such currencies into U.S. dollars and to expatriate such funds for the purpose of making timely payments of interest and principal on our indebtedness. These restrictions have a significantly greater impact on us and on our ability to service our debt as a result of the Impsat acquisition.

The Venezuelan government has fixed the bolívar’s value to the U.S. dollar at Bs. 2.15 = $1.00, which represents a value significantly greater than the bolívar’s prevailing value on the parallel market. As Venezuelan currency exchange control regulations do not permit us to exchange our cash and cash equivalents in local currency into U.S. dollars at the official rate without specific governmental authorizations, these regulations adversely affect our exchange rate risks for all dollar-denominated liabilities owed by our Venezuelan operating subsidiaries and our ability to receive dividends or other funds transfers from those subsidiaries. As of September 30, 2008, approximately $27 million (valued at the fixed exchange rate) of our cash and cash equivalents were held in Venezuelan bolivars.

In May 2008, we participated in a debt auction held by the Venezuelan government to purchase $10 million par value of U.S. dollar-denominated bonds in connection with our currency exchange risk mitigation efforts. The purchase price of the bonds was $11 million. We received approval to purchase the bonds and sold these bonds immediately upon receipt at a price of $8 million, which resulted in an approximate 27% discount. The difference was recorded as a loss on the sale of investments and included in other income (expense), net in our condensed consolidated statement of operations.

Commencing in September 2008, the U.S. Dollar has appreciated considerably against certain foreign currencies in which we conduct a significant portion of our business, including the British Pound Sterling, the Euro and the Brazilian Real. This appreciation adversely impacted third quarter consolidated revenue. Since we tend to incur costs in the same currency in which we realize revenue, the impact on operating income and operating cash flows was largely mitigated. However, if the U.S. Dollar trades at the levels in effect at the end of the third quarter or continues to appreciate, future revenues, operating income and operating cash flows will be materially affected. In addition, the appreciation of the U.S. Dollar relative to foreign currencies reduces the U.S. Dollar value of cash balances held in those currencies.

 

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2008 we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements outstanding.

 

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

See Item 7A in the Company’s 2007 annual report on Form 10-K for information regarding quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk. No material change regarding this information has occurred since that filing.

 

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13(a) -15(e) under the Exchange Act) are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a public company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a public company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Disclosure controls and procedures include many aspects of internal control over financial reporting (as defined later in this Item 4).

In connection with the preparation of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, pursuant to Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act. Based upon management’s evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of September 30, 2008.

Additional Information Regarding Impsat

In October 2006, two Impsat employees were indicted by the Paraguayan Prosecutor’s Office in connection with an investigation relating to the contracting and bidding process at CONATEL, a public entity in Paraguay, which contracted with joint-venture entities in 2000 and 2001 in which Impsat was a participant. In conjunction with an agreement with the Prosecutor, the indictments against the Impsat employees have been conditionally dismissed.

Since the May 9, 2007 acquisition, we have been engaged in the process of integrating the Impsat business into our consolidated operations. As part of this process, management is conducting a review of the controls and procedures intended to ensure compliance with applicable laws in the United States and certain foreign countries in which Impsat operates, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”). As part of this effort, we became aware of certain issues with respect to Impsat’s use of third-party agents, including the existence of two other government investigations (described below) related to Impsat, that were not known to us at the time of the May 9, 2007 acquisition.

 

   

In February 2003, as part of an investigation into contract procurement procedures at the Argentine Border Patrol (Gendarmería Nacional), an Argentine government agency with which Impsat had a longstanding contractual relationship, the Argentine Anti-Corruption Office (Oficina Anticorrupción) filed a complaint that resulted in the criminal indictment of four Impsat employees. The charges against all defendants were dismissed for lack of sufficient evidence in August 2007, and the dismissal became final and unappealable in September 2007.

 

   

The Colombian National Attorney General (Procuraduría General de la Nación (“NAG”)) published a decision in November 2007 (the “NAG Decision”) finding (as part of broader allegations unrelated to Impsat) that funds originated with Impsat had been used by a contractor retained by Impsat to bribe an official within Colombia’s homeland security agency (Departamento Administrativo de Seguridad (“DAS”)). Impsat retained the contractor in question in 2003 and paid him approximately $44,000 in 2004; we have not been able to determine whether any of these funds went to DAS officials. The NAG Decision included a referral of the report and its findings to the criminal prosecutor, and the referral included specific reference to Impsat. One DAS official has been criminally convicted in connection with a related investigation, and criminal proceedings are pending against two other individuals (including a former senior official at DAS).

After learning of these investigations, we conducted an internal review of certain agent relationships and government contracts and potential unauthorized payments in Latin American countries, and engaged outside counsel and accounting advisors to assist in the review. The review is now substantially complete. Additionally, in connection with a post-acquisition deployment of Global Crossing’s ethics policy that included employee certifications of compliance, we were informed by two Impsat employees that, in 2005 and 2006, Impsat made payments of approximately $19,000 to a government official to allow performance of construction work notwithstanding the fact that required permits were not obtained. Additional investigative work confirmed those payments and revealed certain additional, similar payments totaling $4,000, which began in 2004.

 

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The facts developed in our review show that: first, although Impsat had policies in place prior to our May 9, 2007 acquisition relating to FCPA compliance and contracting with third-party agents, those policies were not implemented; second, Impsat’s documentation relating to third-party agents and certain government contracts was not sufficient; and third, the corporate environment at Impsat did not reflect a sufficient focus by senior management on the promotion of, and compliance by the Company with, these policies.

Since the May 9, 2007 acquisition of Impsat, to enhance Global Crossing’s internal controls relating to the FCPA and other laws applicable to our business in Latin America and as part of a remediation plan adopted in connection with our internal review described above, management has implemented the following changes:

 

   

We have revised the Company’s Ethics Policy and adopted a new Anti-Corruption Policy consolidating in one place our existing policies relating to the FCPA and similar laws, and emphasizing the Company’s commitment to anti-corruption compliance; and we extended both policies to all former Impsat employees who are employees of the Company and are providing additional training in respect of these policies to all Company employees;

 

   

We have appointed a Corporate Ethics Officer who is responsible for implementation of, and the establishment of procedures for compliance with, our Ethics Policy, our Anti-Corruption Policy and our remedial measures; the Corporate Ethics Officer is a member of senior management reporting to the CEO, and will regularly update the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors on his activities;

 

   

We have established an Ethics Oversight Team, comprised of members of senior management, to advise and support the Corporate Ethics Officer;

 

   

We are requesting all employees, including all former Impsat employees who now work for the Company to review and certify compliance with the Company’s ethics and anti-corruption policies;

 

   

We hired an experienced director of external reporting and technical accounting within Impsat;

 

   

We have established and are staffing and training a legal department and an internal audit department within Impsat separate from its other operational support groups;

 

   

We adopted and are in the process of implementing new policies and procedures for our Latin American operations covering the retention of third-party agents in connection with government contracts, which are intended to enhance FCPA compliance substantially and to ensure that any employees involved in any of the Company’s relationships with these third-party agents, as well as the agents themselves, understand and agree to abide by the Company’s commitment to FCPA compliance; and

 

   

We have taken remedial action concerning certain employees, and continue to monitor the effectiveness and implementation of our remediation plan and related policies, procedures and controls, and will take additional action in this regard as warranted.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Except as noted above under “Additional Information Regarding Impsat,” there were no other material changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the third quarter of 2008.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Legal proceedings

See Note 11, “Contingencies,” to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for a discussion of certain legal proceedings affecting the Company.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes in the most significant factors that make an investment in the Company speculative or risky from those set forth in Item 1A., “Risk Factors,” to the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.

 

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We are subject to the FCPA, which generally prohibits companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or keeping business and/or other benefits. Although we have policies and procedures designed to ensure that the Company, its employees and agents comply with the FCPA, there is no assurance that such policies or procedures will work effectively all of the time or protect us against liability under the FCPA for actions taken by our agents, employees and intermediaries with respect to our business or any businesses that we acquire. We operate in a number of jurisdictions that pose a high risk of potential FCPA violations. In May 2007, we acquired Impsat, which was also subject to the FCPA prior to the acquisition. As described in “Additional Information Regarding Impsat” above, the facts developed in our review of certain payments made by Impsat employees to government officials and foreign government proceedings concerning Impsat personnel show that: first, although Impsat had policies in place prior to the May 9, 2007 acquisition relating to FCPA compliance and contracting with third-party agents, those policies were not implemented; second, Impsat’s documentation relating to third-party agents and certain government contracts was not sufficient; third, the corporate environment at Impsat did not reflect a sufficient focus by senior management on promotion of, and compliance by the company with, these policies. As previously disclosed, we conducted a review of certain agents, government contracts, and potential unauthorized payments in Latin American countries. That review is now substantially complete. We also brought these matters to the attention of government authorities in the U.S., including the Securities and Exchange Commission, which has commenced a preliminary inquiry into the matter. We are cooperating with that inquiry which may result in legal action. At this point we are unable to predict the duration, scope or result of that inquiry. Failure to comply with the FCPA, other anti-corruption laws and other laws governing the conduct of business with government entities (including local laws) could lead to criminal and civil penalties and other remedial measures (including further changes or enhancements to our procedures, policies, and controls and potential personnel changes and/or disciplinary actions), any of which could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. We could also be adversely affected by any investigation of any potential violations of such laws.

We are exposed to significant currency exchange rate risks and our net loss may suffer due to currency translations. Commencing in September 2008, the U.S. Dollar has appreciated considerably against certain foreign currencies in which we conduct a significant portion of our business, including the British Pound Sterling, the Euro and the Brazilian Real. This appreciation adversely impacts consolidated revenue. Since we tend to incur costs in the same currency in which we realize revenue, the impact on operating income and operating cash flow is largely mitigated. However, if the U.S. Dollar trades at the levels in effect at the end of the third quarter or continues to appreciate, future revenues, operating income and operating cash flows will be materially affected. In addition, the appreciation of the U.S. Dollar relative to foreign currencies reduces the Dollar value of cash balances held in those currencies.

 

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibits filed as part of this report are listed below.

 

10.1    Letter agreement, dated August 28, 2008, between Jean F.H.P. Mandeville and Global Crossing Limited (the “Company”) (filed herewith).
10.2    Letter agreement, dated September 18, 2008, between John A. Kritzmacher and the Company (filed herewith).
31.1   

Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

(filed herewith).

31.2    Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith).
32.1   

Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to

Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith).

32.2    Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith).

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf on November 6, 2008 by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

GLOBAL CROSSING LIMITED
By:   /S/ JOHN A. KRITZMACHER
  John A. Kritzmacher
  Chief Financial Officer
  (Principal Financial Officer)
By:   /S/ ROBERT A. KLUG
  Robert A. Klug
  Chief Accounting Officer
  (Principal Accounting Officer)

 

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