10-Q 1 tenq.txt TENQ.TXT UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-Q [X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934. FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JANUARY 31, 2005 [ ] TRANSITION REPORTS PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934. FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _________________ TO ________________ COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 0-25169 GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION ------------------------------------------------------ (EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER) DELAWARE 98-0178636 ------------------------------- ------------------ (STATE OF OTHER JURISDICTION OF (IRS EMPLOYER INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) IDENTIFICATION NO.) 33 HARBOUR SQUARE, SUITE 202 TORONTO, ONTARIO CANADA M5J 2G2 ---------------------------------------- (ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES) 416/364-2551 ---------------------------------------------------- (REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE) INTERNET WEBSITE: WWW.GENEREX.COM NOT APPLICABLE --------------------------------------------------- (FORMER NAME, FORMER ADDRESS AND FORMER FISCAL YEAR IF CHANGED SINCE LAST REPORT) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [X] Yes [ ] No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). [ ] Yes [X] No APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS The number of outstanding shares of the registrant's common stock, par value $.001, was 36,264,099 as of March 16, 2005. GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION INDEX PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements -- unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets -- January 31, 2005 and July 31, 2004 .................................... Consolidated Statements of Operations -- for the three and six month periods ended January 31, 2005 and 2004, and cumulative from November 2, 1995 to January 31, 2005................................... Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows -- For the six month periods ended January 31, 2005 and 2004, and cumulative from November 2, 1995 to January 31, 2005............................................... Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements............................. Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.................................... Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk...................................................... Item 4. Controls and Procedures................................................ PART II: OTHER INFORMATION Item 1. Legal Proceedings...................................................... Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds.............................. Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities........................................ Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.................... Item 5. Other Information...................................................... Item 6. Exhibits............................................................... Signatures...................................................................... ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
January 31, July 31, 2005 2004 -------------- -------------- ASSETS Current Assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,992,168 $ 4,950,419 Restricted cash 226,398 206,421 Other current assets 190,583 870,934 -------------- -------------- Total Current Assets 2,409,149 6,027,774 Property and Equipment, Net 4,252,562 4,291,622 Assets Held for Investment, Net 2,378,161 2,250,506 Patents, Net 5,654,239 5,696,905 Deferred Debt Issuance Costs 311,976 -- Deposits -- 395,889 Due From Related Party 374,784 349,294 -------------- -------------- TOTAL ASSETS $ 15,380,871 $ 19,011,990 ============== ============== LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Current Liabilities: Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 4,626,468 $ 1,947,399 Current maturities of long-term debt 1,620,659 1,366,122 -------------- -------------- Total Current Liabilities 6,247,127 3,313,521 Long-Term Debt, Less Current Maturities 726,480 858,661 Convertible Debenture, Net of Debt Discount of $2,756,554 and $-0- at January 31, 2005 and July 31, 2004, respectively 1,243,446 -- Commitments and Contingencies Series A, Preferred stock, $.001 par value; authorized 1,000,000 shares, stated at redemption value, -0- and 1,191 shares issued and outstanding at January 31, 2005 and July 31, 2004 -- 14,310,057 Stockholders' Equity: Special Voting Rights Preferred stock, $.001 par value; authorized, issued and outstanding 1,000 shares at January 31, 2005 and July 31, 2004 1 1 Common stock, $.001 par value; authorized 150,000,000 shares at January 31, 2005 and July 31, 2004, issued 35,447,533 and 34,262,448 shares at January 31, 2005 and July 31, 2004, and outstanding 35,447,533 and 34,262,448 shares at January 31, 2005 and July 31, 2004, respectively 35,449 34,264 Additional paid-in capital 116,061,287 97,110,291 Notes receivable - common stock -- (384,803) Deficit accumulated during the development stage (109,482,583) (96,526,373) Accumulated other comprehensive income 549,664 296,371 -------------- -------------- Total Stockholders' Equity 7,163,818 529,751 -------------- -------------- TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY $ 15,380,871 $ 19,011,990 ============== ==============
The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements. GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Cumulative From For the Three Months Ended For the Six Months Ended November 2, 1995 January 31, January 31, (Date of Inception) --------------------------- ----------------------------- to January 31, 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 ------------ ------------ ------------- ------------- ------------------- Revenues $ 76,750 $ 117,503 $ 219,500 $ 185,564 $ 1,846,684 Operating Expenses: Research and development 2,181,835 1,956,588 5,576,965 2,985,117 52,744,679 Research and development - related party -- -- -- -- 220,218 General and administrative 3,450,556 2,907,443 6,872,794 5,737,759 61,124,106 General and administrative - related party -- -- -- -- 314,328 ------------ ------------ ------------- ------------- ------------------- Total Operating Expenses 5,632,391 4,864,031 12,449,759 8,722,876 114,403,331 ------------ ------------ ------------- ------------- ------------------- Operating Loss (5,555,641) (4,746,528) (12,230,259) (8,537,312) (112,556,647) Other Income (Expense): Miscellaneous income (expense) -- (164) -- (3,862) 125,348 Income from Rental Operations, net 27,723 33,052 74,789 37,133 169,139 Interest income 3,338 (19,704) 18,776 176,613 3,390,388 Interest expense (773,602) (41,276) (819,516) (59,462) (1,353,939) ------------ ------------ ------------- ------------- ------------------- Net Loss Before Undernoted (6,298,182) (4,774,620) (12,956,210) (8,386,890) (110,225,711) Minority Interest Share of Loss -- -- -- -- 3,038,185 ------------ ------------ ------------- ------------- ------------------- Net Loss (6,298,182) (4,774,620) (12,956,210) (8,386,890) (107,187,526) Preferred Stock Dividend -- 810,003 -- 810,003 2,295,057 ------------ ------------ ------------- ------------- ------------------- Net Loss Available to Common Shareholders $ (6,298,182) $ (5,584,623) $ (12,956,210) $ (9,196,893) $ (109,482,583) ============ ============ ============= ============= =================== Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Common Share $ (.18) $ (.19) $ (.37) $ (.32) ============ ============ ============= ============= Weighted Average Number of Shares of Common Stock Outstanding 35,108,460 29,167,180 34,958,009 28,534,124 ============ ============ ============= =============
The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements. GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Cumulative From For the Six Months Ended November 2, 1995 January 31, (Date of Inception) -------------------------------- January 31, 2005 2004 2005 -------------- -------------- -------------------- Cash Flows From Operating Activities: Net loss $ (12,956,210) $ (8,386,890) $ (107,187,527) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 550,521 497,959 3,027,753 Minority interest share of loss -- -- (3,038,185) Reduction of notes receivable - common stock in exchange for services rendered -- -- 423,882 Write-off of uncollectible notes receivable - common stock 391,103 -- 391,103 Write-off of deferred offering costs -- -- 3,406,196 Write-off of abandoned patents -- -- 9,134 Common stock issued for services rendered 755,180 918,000 4,409,992 Non-cash compensation expense -- 75,390 45,390 Stock options and warrants issued for services rendered 490,600 178,433 6,776,718 Preferred stock issued for services rendered -- -- 100 Treasury stock redeemed for non-performance of services (138,000) -- (138,000) Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs 77,994 -- 77,994 Amortization of discount on convertible debentures 687,890 -- 687,890 Founders' shares transferred for services rendered -- -- 353,506 Changes in operating assets and liabilities (excluding the effects of acquisition): Miscellaneous receivables -- -- 43,812 Other current assets 704,564 (578,104) (139,333) Accounts payable and accrued expenses 2,620,395 415,774 5,239,643 Other, net -- -- 110,317 -------------- -------------- -------------------- Net Cash Used in Operating Activities (6,815,963) (6,879,438) (85,499,615) Cash Flows From Investing Activities: Purchase of property and equipment (61,939) (246,419) (4,290,920) Costs incurred for patents (139,039) (200,688) (1,440,596) Change in restricted cash (4,885) (2,982) (195,214) Proceeds from maturity of short term investments -- 4,270,942 126,687,046 Purchases of short-term investments -- (4,638,783) (126,687,046) Cash received in conjunction with merger -- 82,232 82,232 Advances to Antigen Express, Inc. -- (32,000) (32,000) Increase in officers' loans receivable -- -- (1,126,157) Change in deposits 395,889 (495,000) (477,194) Change in notes receivable - common stock (6,300) (12,436) (91,103) Change in due from related parties -- -- (2,222,390) Other, net -- -- 89,683 -------------- -------------- -------------------- Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities 183,726 (1,275,134) (9,703,659) Cash Flows From Financing Activities: Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt -- -- 1,154,316 Repayment of long-term debt (39,770) (37,264) (1,148,261) Change in due to related parties -- -- 154,541 Proceeds from exercise of warrants -- -- 4,552,984 Proceeds from exercise of stock options -- 126,640 1,010,440 Proceeds from minority interest investment -- -- 3,038,185 Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock -- -- 12,015,000 Proceeds from issuance of convertible debentures, net 3,699,930 -- 3,699,930 Purchase of treasury stock -- -- (483,869) Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net -- 2,931,988 73,283,715 Purchase and retirement of common stock -- -- (119,066) -------------- -------------- -------------------- Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities 3,660,160 3,021,364 97,157,915 Effect of Exchange Rates on Cash 13,826 54,414 37,527 -------------- -------------- -------------------- Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents (2,958,251) (5,078,794) 1,992,168 Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period 4,950,419 12,356,578 -- -------------- -------------- -------------------- Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period $ 1,992,168 $ 7,277,784 $ 1,992,168 ============== ============== ====================
The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements. GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations for reporting on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements are not included herein. The interim statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's latest Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results for the three and six months may not be indicative of the results for the entire year. Interim statements are subject to possible adjustments in connection with the annual audit of the Company's accounts for the fiscal year 2005, in the Company's opinion all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of these interim statements have been included and are of a normal and recurring nature. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. The Company has experienced negative cash flows from operations since inception and had an accumulated deficit at January 31, 2005 of approximately $109.5 million. The Company has funded its activities to date almost exclusively from debt and equity financings. The Company is in the development stage and has realized minimal revenues to date. The Company will continue to require substantial funds to continue research and development, including preclinical studies and clinical trials of its product candidates, and to commence sales and marketing efforts, if the FDA or other regulatory approvals are obtained. Management's plans in order to meet its operating cash flow requirements include financing activities such as private placement of its common stock, preferred stock offerings, debt and convertible debt instruments. Management is also actively pursuing industry collaboration activities including product licensing and specific project financing. While the Company believes that it will be successful in obtaining the necessary financing to fund its operations, there are no assurances that such additional funding will be achieved and that it will succeed in its future operations. The financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or amounts of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue in existence. 2. EFFECTS OF RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued SFAS No. 123R "Share Based Payment." This statement is a revision to SFAS 123 and supersedes Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," and amends FASB Statement No. 95, "Statement of Cash Flows". This statement requires a public entity to expense the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments using the fair-value-based method. This statement also provides guidance on valuing and expensing these awards, as well as disclosure requirements of these equity arrangements. This statement is effective for the first interim reporting period that begins after June 15, 2005. GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 2. EFFECTS OF RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (CONTINUED) SFAS 123R permits public companies to choose between the following two adoption methods: 1. A "modified prospective" method in which compensation cost is recognized beginning with the effective date (a) based on the requirements of SFAS 123R for all share-based payments granted after the effective date and (b) based on the requirements of Statement 123 for all awards granted to employees prior to the effective date of SFAS 123R that remain unvested on the effective date, or 2. A "modified retrospective" method which includes the requirements of the modified prospective method described above, but also permits entities to restate based on the amounts previously recognized under SFAS 123 for purposes of pro forma disclosures either (a) all prior periods presented or (b) prior interim periods of the year of adoption. As permitted by SFAS 123, the Company currently accounts for share-based payments to employees using APB Opinion 25's intrinsic value method and, as such, the Company generally recognizes no compensation cost for employee stock options. The impact of the adoption of SFAS 123R cannot be predicted at this time because it will be depend on levels of share-based payments granted in the future. However, valuation of employee stock options under SFAS 123R is similar to SFAS 123, with minor exceptions. The impact on the results of operations and earnings per share had the Company adopted SFAS 123, is described in stock based compensation section of Note 3 below. Accordingly, the adoption of SFAS 123R's fair value method will have a significant impact on the Company's results of operations, although it will have no impact on the Company's overall financial position. SFAS 123R also requires the benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation cost to be reported as a financing cash flow, rather than as an operating cash flow as required under current literature. This requirement will reduce net operating cash flows and increase net financing cash flows in periods after adoption. Due to timing of the release of SFAS 123R, the Company has not yet completed the analysis of the ultimate impact that this new pronouncement will have on the results of operations, nor the method of adoption for this new standard. In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, "Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets - an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29." The statement addresses the measurement of exchanges of nonmonetary assets and eliminates the exception from fair value measurement for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replaces it with an exception for exchanges that do not have commercial substance. SFAS No. 153 is effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this statement. GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 3. EMPLOYEE STOCK PLANS The Company has elected to continue to account for its stock compensation plans under the recognition and measurement principles of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 ("APB 25"), "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees" and related interpretations. Under APB 25, no compensation cost is generally recognized for fixed stock options in which the exercise price is greater than or equal to the market price on the grant date. In connection with the termination of certain employees, the company repriced 1,240,000 options. The repriced options are accounted for under variable accounting and compensation cost is recognized for the difference between the exercise price and the market price of the common shares until such options are exercised, expired or forfeited. During the three months ended January 31, 2005 and 2004, the Company recaptured/recognized $-0- of compensation expense in connection with these options. During the six months ended January 31, 2005 and 2004, the Company recaptured/recognized $-0- and $75,390, of compensation expense in connection with these options, respectively. The following table illustrates the effect on net loss and loss per share as if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123.
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended January 31, January 31, ---------------------------- ---------------------------- 2005 2004 2005 2004 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Net Loss Available to Common Stockholders, as Reported $ (6,298,182) $ (5,584,623) $(12,956,210) $ (9,196,893) Add: Total Stock-Based Employee Compensation Included in Reported Net Loss -- (75,390) -- (75,390) Deduct: Total Stock-Based Employee Compensation Income Determined Under Fair Value Based Method, Net of Related Tax Effect -- 1,183,720 1,430,640 1,359,220 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Pro Forma Net Loss Available to Common Stockholders $ (6,298,182) $ (6,692,953) $(14,386,850) $(10,480,723) ============ ============ ============ ============ Loss Per Share: Basic and diluted, as reported $ (0.18) $ (0.19) $ (0.37) $ (0.32) ============ ============ ============ ============ Basic and diluted, pro forma $ (0.18) $ (0.23) $ (0.41) $ (0.37) ============ ============ ============ ============
4. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(LOSS) Comprehensive loss, which includes net loss and the change in the foreign currency translation account during the period, for the three months ended January 31, 2005 and 2004, was $6,363,814 and $4,782,455, respectively, and for the six months ended January 31, 2005 and 2004, was $12,702,918 and $8,135,101, respectively. GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 5. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED EXPENSES Accounts payable and accrued expenses consist of the following: January 31, July 31, 2005 2004 ------------ ------------ Accounts Payable $ 2,363,820 $ 1,113,127 Accounting and Auditing 320,674 44,775 Accrued Legal Fees and Settlement 416,682 368,244 Officer Compensation 1,162,052 9,801 Termination Agreements and Severance Pay 363,240 411,452 ------------ ------------ Total $ 4,626,468 $ 1,947,399 ============ ============ 6. CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES On November 8, 2004, the Company entered into definitive agreements with four accredited investors, pursuant to which the Company would issue convertible promissory notes for aggregate gross proceeds of $4,000,000. The notes carry a 6% coupon and a 15 month term and amortize in 13 equal monthly installments commencing in the third month of the term. The notes are convertible into registered common stock of the Company at a per share price equal to the 10-day Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP) on the closing date ($0.82). The coupon and amortization payments are payable in cash or, at the Company's option, in registered stock valued at a 10% discount to the 20-day VWAP at as the payment date, subject to certain restrictions. The transaction terms include 100% five-year warrant coverage at a per share exercise price equal to a 10% premium to the 10-day VWAP on the closing date and a 100% additional investment right exercisable for up to twelve months following the effective date of the registration statement in respect of the transaction. During December 2004, the Company issued the aforementioned convertible debentures. Proceeds related to the issuance, net of issuance costs of $389,970, amounted to $3,699,930. Included in the issuance costs were warrants issued to a third party to purchase 145,000 shares of common stock at $0.91 per share. The fair value of the warrant was determined to be $89,900 using the Black Scholes pricing model assuming a risk-free rate of 1.79 percent, an expected volatility of 1.0463 and a five year life. The fair value of the warrant, which has been allocated to additional paid in capital, and together with the $300,070 of issuance costs is being amortized over the life of the debt as a deferred debt issuance cost. As of January 31, 2004, $77,994 has been amortized as expense and the remaining $311,976 is included in deferred debt issuance costs. The holders of the convertible debentures also received warrants to purchase 4,878,048 of common stock at $0.91 per share. The relative fair value assignment of the fair value of the warrants, as determined by the Black Scholes pricing model (using the same assumptions as above), to the debt's total proceeds resulted in a debt discount of $1,722,222 and a beneficial conversion feature of $1,722,222 which has been allocated to additional paid in capital. These resulting debt discounts, totaling $3,444,444, are being amortized using the effective yield method over the life of the debenture. As of January 31, 2005, $687,890 has been recorded as interest expense and the remaining $2,756,554 is included as a debt discount which is net with the balance of the convertible debenture. GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 7. PENDING LITIGATION On October 2, 1998, Sands Brothers & Co. Ltd., a New York City-based investment banking and brokerage firm, initiated an arbitration against the Company under New York Stock Exchange rules. Sands alleged that it had the right to receive, for nominal consideration, approximately 1.5 million shares of the Company's common stock. Sands based its claim upon an October 1997 letter agreement that was purported by Sands to confirm an agreement appointing Sands as the exclusive financial advisor to Generex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a subsidiary of the Company that was acquired in late 1997. In exchange, the letter agreement purported to grant Sands the right to acquire 17 percent of Generex Pharmaceuticals' common stock for nominal consideration. Sands claimed that its right to receive shares of Generex Pharmaceuticals' common stock applies to the Company's common stock since outstanding shares of Generex Pharmaceuticals' common stock were converted into shares of the Company's common stock in the acquisition. Sands' claims also included additional shares allegedly due as a fee related to that acquisition, and $144,000 in monthly fees allegedly due under the terms of the purported agreement. Pursuant to an arbitration award dated September 22, 1999, the arbitration panel that heard this case awarded Sands $14,070 and issued a declaratory judgment requiring the Company to issue to Sands a warrant to purchase 1,530,020 shares of the Company's common stock pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the purported October 1997 letter agreement. On October 13, 1999, Sands commenced a special proceeding to confirm the arbitration award in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York (the "New York Supreme Court"). On November 10, 1999, the Company moved to vacate the arbitration award. On March 20, 2000, the New York Supreme Court granted Sands' petition to confirm the award and denied the Company's motion to vacate the award. The Company appealed and on January 23, 2001, the New York State Appellate Division, First Department (the "Appellate Division"), modified the judgment of the New York Supreme Court that had confirmed the arbitration award against the Company. The Appellate Division affirmed the portion of the New York Supreme Court judgment that had confirmed the granting of monetary relief of $14,070 to Sands but modified the judgment to vacate the portion of the arbitration award directing the issuance to Sands of a warrant to purchase 1,530,020 shares of the Company's common stock. The Appellate Division held that the portion of the award directing the Company to issue warrants to Sands is too indefinite to be enforceable and remanded the matter to the arbitration panel for a final and definite award with respect to such relief or its equivalent (including possibly an award of monetary damages). The arbitration panel commenced hearings on the matters remanded by the Appellate Division in June 2001. On November 7, 2001, the arbitration panel issued an award again requiring the Company to issue to Sands a warrant to purchase 1,530,020 shares of the Company's common stock purportedly pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the October 1997 letter agreement. Thereafter, Sands submitted a motion to the New York Supreme Court to modify and confirm the arbitration panel's award while the Company filed a motion with the court to vacate the arbitration award. On February 25, 2002, the New York Supreme Court vacated the arbitration panel's award. The Supreme Court concluded that the arbitration panel had "disregarded the plain meaning" of the directive given by the Appellate Division in the Appellate Division's January 23, 2001 decision that remanded the matter of the warrant for reconsideration by the panel. The Supreme Court found that the arbitration panel's award "lacks a rational basis". The Supreme Court also remanded the matter to the New York Stock Exchange on the issue of whether the arbitration panel should be disqualified. Sands has appealed the February 25, 2002 order of the Supreme Court to the Appellate Division. The Company filed a cross-appeal on issues relating to the disqualification of the arbitration panel. GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 7. PENDING LITIGATION (CONTINUED) On October 29, 2002, the Appellate Division issued a decision and order unanimously modifying the lower court's order by remanding the issue of damages to a new panel of arbitrators and otherwise affirming the lower court's order. The Appellate Division's decision and order limits the issue of damages before the new panel of arbitrators to reliance damages which is not to include an award of lost profits. Reliance damages are out-of-pocket damages incurred by Sands. The Appellate Division stated that the lower court properly determined that the arbitration award, which had granted Sands warrants for 1,530,020 shares of the registrant's stock, was incorrect. On March 18, 2003, the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York denied a motion by Sands for re-argument of the October 29, 2002 decision, or, in the alternative, for leave to appeal to the Court of Appeals. A new arbitration took place in early June 2004. On August 17, 2004, the Arbitration Panel of the New York Stock Exchange issued a final award in the case of Sands vs. the Company, awarding Sands $150,000 in reliance damages. A motion to confirm this award has been filed by Sands and was granted on February 1, 2005. Sands has not sought leave to appeal the vacaturs of the prior panel's warrant award to the New York Court of Appeals but advised the Company intentions of doing so. As such, the award may be subject to further legal proceedings. Accordingly, the Company has accrued $150,000 and it is included in the balance sheet under the caption accounts payable and accrued expenses. In February 2001, a former business associate of the former Vice President of Research and Development (VP), and an entity called Centrum Technologies Inc. ("CTI") commenced an action in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice against the Company and the VP seeking, among other things, damages for alleged breaches of contract and tortious acts related to a business relationship between this former associate and the VP that ceased in July 1996. The plaintiffs' statement of claim also seeks to enjoin the use, if any, by the Company of three patents allegedly owned by the company called CTI. On July 20, 2001, the Company filed a preliminary motion to dismiss the action of CTI as a nonexistent entity or, alternatively, to stay such action on the grounds of want of authority of such entity to commence the action. The plaintiffs brought a cross motion to amend the statement of claim to substitute Centrum Biotechnologies, Inc. ("CBI") for CTI. CBI is a corporation of which 50 percent of the shares are owned by the former business associate and the remaining 50 percent are owned by the Company. Consequently, the shareholders of CBI are in a deadlock. The court granted the Company's motion to dismiss the action of CTI and denied the plaintiffs' cross motion without prejudice to the former business associate to seek leave to bring a derivative action in the name of or on behalf of CBI. The former business associate subsequently filed an application with the Ontario Superior Court of Justice for an order granting him leave to file an action in the name of and on behalf of CBI against the VP and the Company. The Company has opposed the application which is now pending before the Court. In September 2003, the Ontario Superior Court of Justice granted the request and issued an order giving the former business associate leave to file an action in the name of and on behalf of CBI against Modi and the Company. A statement of claim was served in July 2004. The Company is not able to predict the ultimate outcome of this legal proceeding at the present time or to estimate an amount or range of potential loss, if any, from this legal proceeding. GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 7. PENDING LITIGATION (CONTINUED) In February 1997, an individual alleging to be a former employee of Generex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., commenced an action in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice for wrongful dismissal. The Ontario Superior Court of Justice rendered judgment in favor of the plaintiff for approximately $127,000 plus interest in November 1999 and further awarded costs to the plaintiff in March 2000. An appeal of the judgment was filed with the Court of Appeal for Ontario in April 2000. The appeal was heard on February 26, 2003, and on February 28, 2003, the Court of Appeals dismissed the appeal with costs. Generex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., has sought leave to appeal the Courts of Appeal's decision to the Supreme Court of Canada. The appeal was dismissed. The parties have signed Minutes of Settlement in April 2004, pursuant to which the Company is required to pay the plaintiff a total of $280,000 Canadian (approximately $230,000 US) in monthly installments. The installments consist of $20,000 CND on May 1, 2004, $20,000 CND on June 1, 2004, $50,000 CND on July 1, 2004 and 7 monthly payments of $27,142.86 CND each from August 1, 2004 to February 1, 2005. The Company is involved in certain other legal proceedings in addition to those specifically described herein. Subject to the uncertainty inherent in all litigation, the Company does not believe at the present time that the resolution of any of these legal proceedings is likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position, operations or cash flows. With respect to all litigation, as additional information concerning the estimates used by the Company becomes known, the Company reassesses its position both with respect to accrued liabilities and other potential exposures. 8. NET LOSS PER SHARE Basic EPS and Diluted EPS for the three and six months ended January 31, 2005 and 2004 have been computed by dividing the net loss for each respective period by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during that period. All outstanding warrants and options, approximately 22,095,502 and 14,024,396 incremental shares at January 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, have been excluded from the computation of Diluted EPS as they are antidilutive. GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 9. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
For the Six Months Ended January 31, --------------------------- 2005 2004 ------------ ------------ Cash paid during the period for: Interest $ 76,220 $ 53,546 Income taxes $ -- $ -- Disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities: Value of warrants issued in conjunction with capitalized services upon issuance of convertible debentures $ 89,900 $ -- Sale of Series A Preferred Stock and mandatorily converted to common shares $ 14,310,057 $ -- Value of warrants issued in conjunction with issuance of convertible debentures $ 3,444,444 $ -- Issuance of Series A Preferred Stock as a preferred stock dividend $ -- $ 810,003 Application of deposit to advances to Antigen Express, Inc. $ -- $ 25,000 Acquisition of Antigen Express, Inc through the issuance of common stock and the assumption of stock options $ -- $ 4,797,409 Retirement of treasury stock $ -- $ 1,610,026
10. TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTY The Company's change in "Due from Related Party" for the six months ended January 31, 2005 represents only the effect of change in exchange rate for the six months ended versus that in effect at July 31, 2004. 11. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY In August 2004, the Company issued 620,000 shares of common stock to consultants for services rendered, which resulted in charges to the statement of operations of $675,800 based on the quoted market price of the Company stock on the date of issuance. In August 2004, the Company issued 500,000 warrants in exchange for services rendered. The warrants were fully vested on date of issuance and exercisable at $1.09 each for the purchase of one share of the Company's common stock. The warrants, which were valued using the Black Scholes pricing model, resulted in charges to the statement of operations of $415,000. In October, 2004, the Company granted a total of 1,942,000 options to purchase shares of common stock with an exercise price of $0.94, which equaled the five trading day closing average of the Company common stock on the date of issuance. All of the options, except for 105,000, were issued to employees; accordingly no charge to operations was incurred as the Company follows APB 25 (See Note 3). Options issued to other than employees were valued using the Black Scholes pricing model and resulted in a charge to operations of $75,600. GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 11. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (CONTINUED) In October, 2004, the Company granted a total of 150,000 options to purchase shares of common stock with an exercise price of $1.10, which equaled the five trading day closing average of the Company common stock July 31, 2004. All of the options were issued to an employee; accordingly no charge to operations was incurred as the Company follows APB 25 (See Note 3). In October, 2004, the Company redeemed 75,000 shares of common stock as a result of non-performance of services. These shares were originally exchanged in October 2003 for services the Company believed to be rendered, which resulted in prior charges to the statement of operations of $138,000. In conjunction with the redemption of the shares, the Company reversed the prior charges to the statement of operations in the amount of ($138,000). In December 2004, the holder of the Series A Preferred Stock sold its holdings to a third party. In conjunction with sale, all of the Company's outstanding Series A Preferred Stock was automatically converted to common stock. As a result, the buyer received 534,085 shares of common stock and the Company no longer has any outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock. In December 2004, the Company issued convertible debentures. In conjunction with the issuance of the debentures, the Company issued 4,878,048 warrants with the debentures and 145,000 warrants for financial services rendered. The warrants were fully vested on date of issuance and exercisable at $0.91 each for the purchase of one share of the Company's common stock (see Note 6). In December 2004, the Company issued 48,000 shares of common stock to consultants for services rendered, which resulted in charges to the statement of operations of $34,080 based on the quoted market price of the Company stock on the date of issuance. In January 2005, the Company issued 58,000 shares of common stock to consultants for services rendered, which resulted in charges to the statement of operations of $45,300 based on the quoted market price of the Company stock on the date of issuance. In January 2005, the Company deemed its notes receivable - common stock in the amount of $391,103 to be uncollectible and, therefore, has taken a charge to operations for the said amount. 12. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS The following events occurred subsequent to January 31, 2005: In February 2005, a consultant commenced an action in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice against the Company seeking approximately $600,000 in damages for alleged contract breaches in respect of unpaid remuneration and other compensation allegedly owed to him. The Company is of the view that the claims are wholly without merit and intends to defend this action vigorously. The Company is not able to predict the ultimate outcome of this legal proceeding at the present time or estimate an amount or range of potential loss, if any, from this legal proceeding. ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS As used herein, the terms the "Company," "we," "us," or "our" refer to Generex Biotechnology Corporation, a Delaware corporation. FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS We have made statements in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Generex Biotechnology Corporation for the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2005 that may constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the "Act"). The Act limits our liability in any lawsuit based on forward looking statements we have made. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in this quarterly report that address activities, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will or may occur in the future, including such matters as our projections, future capital expenditures, business strategy, competitive strengths, goals, expansion, market and industry developments and the growth of our businesses and operations, are forward-looking statements. These statements can be identified by introductory words such as "expects," "plans," "intends," "believes," "will," "estimates," "forecasts," "projects" or words of similar meaning, and by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Our forward-looking statements address, among other things: o our expectations concerning product candidates for our technologies; o our expectations concerning existing or potential development and license agreements for third-party collaborations and joint ventures; o our expectations of when different phases of clinical activity may commence; and o our expectations of when regulatory submissions may be filed or when regulatory approvals may be received. Any or all of our forward-looking statements may turn out to be wrong. They may be affected by inaccurate assumptions that we might make or by known or unknown risks and uncertainties. Actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements. Among the factors that could affect future results are: o the inherent uncertainties of product development based on our new and as yet not fully proven technologies; o the risks and uncertainties regarding the actual effect on humans of seemingly safe and efficacious formulations and treatments when tested clinically; o the inherent uncertainties associated with clinical trials of product candidates; and o the inherent uncertainties associated with the process of obtaining regulatory approval to market product candidates. Additional factors that could affect future results are set forth below under the caption "Risk Factors". We caution investors that the forward-looking statements contained in this Report must be interpreted and understood in light of conditions and circumstances that exist as of the date of this Report. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to update or revise forward-looking statements made in this Report to reflect any changes in management's expectations resulting from future events or changes in the conditions or circumstances upon which such expectations are based. GENERAL Corporate History. We were incorporated in Delaware in September 1997 for the purpose of acquiring Generex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Canadian corporation formed in November 1995 to engage in pharmaceutical and biotechnological research and other activities. Our acquisition of Generex Pharmaceuticals was completed in October 1997 in a transaction in which the holders of all outstanding shares of Generex Pharmaceuticals exchanged their shares for shares of our common stock. In January 1998, we participated in a "reverse acquisition" with Green Mt. P. S., Inc., a previously inactive Idaho corporation formed in 1983. As a result of this transaction, our shareholders (the former shareholders of Generex Pharmaceuticals) acquired a majority (approximately 90%) of the outstanding capital stock of Green Mt., we became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Green Mt., Green Mt. changed its corporate name to Generex Biotechnology Corporation ("Generex Idaho"), and we changed our corporate name to GB Delaware, Inc. Because the reverse acquisition resulted in our shareholders becoming the majority holders of Generex Idaho, we were treated as the acquiring corporation in the transaction for accounting purposes. Thus, our historical financial statements, which essentially represented the historical financial statements of Generex Pharmaceuticals, were deemed to be the historical financial statements of Generex Idaho. In April 1999, we completed a reorganization in which we merged with Generex Idaho. In this transaction, all outstanding shares of Generex Idaho were converted into our shares, Generex Idaho ceased to exist as a separate entity, and we changed our corporate name back to "Generex Biotechnology Corporation." This reorganization did not result in any material change in our historical financial statements or current financial reporting. In August 2003, we acquired Antigen Express, Inc. ("Antigen"). Antigen is engaged in the research and development of technologies and immunomedicines for the treatment of malignant, infectious, autoimmune and allergic diseases. Business History. We are engaged primarily in the research and development of drug delivery technologies. Our primary focus at the present time is our proprietary technology for the administration of formulations of large molecule drugs to the oral (buccal) cavity using a hand-held aerosol applicator. A substantial number of large molecule drugs (i.e., drugs composed of molecules with a higher than specified molecular weight) have been approved for sale in the United States or are presently undergoing clinical trials as part of the process to obtain such approval, including various proteins, peptides, monoclonal antibodies, hormones and vaccines. Unlike small molecule drugs, which generally can be administered by various methods, large molecule drugs historically have been administered predominately by injection. The principal reasons for this have been the vulnerability of large molecule drugs to digestion and the relatively large size of the molecule itself, which makes absorption into the blood stream through the skin or mucosa inefficient or ineffective. All injection therapies involve varying degrees of discomfort and inconvenience. With chronic and sub-chronic diseases, the discomfort and inconvenience associated with injection therapies frequently results in less than optimal patient acceptance of, and compliance with, the prescribed treatment plan. Poor acceptance and compliance can lead to medical complications and higher disease management costs. Also, elderly, infirm and pediatric patients with chronic or sub-chronic conditions may not be able to self-inject their medications. In such cases assistance is required which increases both the cost and inconvenience of the therapy. Our goal is to develop proprietary formulations of large molecule drugs that can be administered through the buccal mucosa, primarily the inner cheek walls, thereby eliminating or reducing the need for injections. We believe that our buccal delivery technology is a platform technology that has application to many large molecule drugs, and provides a convenient, non-invasive, accurate and cost effective way to administer such drugs. We have identified several large molecule drugs as possible candidates for development, but to date have focused our development efforts on a buccal insulin product. Our first product is an insulin formulation that is administered as a fine spray into the oral cavity using a hand-held aerosol spray applicator. Between January 1999 and September 2000, we conducted limited clinical trials on this product in the United States, Canada and Europe. In September 2000, we entered into an agreement (the "Development and License Agreement") to develop this product with Eli Lilly and Company ("Lilly"). To date, over 800 patients with diabetes have been dosed with our oral insulin product at approved facilities in seven countries. We conducted several clinical trials with insulin supplied by Lilly under our Development and License Agreement. Lilly did not, however, authorize or conduct any clinical trials or provide financial support for those trials. We did receive a $1,000,000 up front payment from Lilly. On May 23, 2003, we announced that we had agreed with Lilly to end the Development and License Agreement for the development and commercialization of buccal delivery of insulin. On November 5, 2003, we entered into a termination agreement with Lilly terminating the Development and License Agreement, effective as of June 2, 2003. In accordance with the termination agreement, we retained all of the intellectual property and commercialization rights with respect to buccal spray drug delivery technology, and we have the continuing right to develop and commercialize the product. We also entered into a Bulk Supply Agreement (the "Bulk Supply Agreement") for the sale of human insulin crystals by Lilly to us over a three year period. The Bulk Supply Agreement establishes purchase prices, minimum purchase requirements, maximum amounts which may be purchased in each year and a non-refundable prepayment of $1,500,000 to be applied against amounts due for purchases. In January 2001, we established a joint venture with Elan International Services, Ltd. ("EIS"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Elan Corporation, plc (EIS and Elan Corporation, plc being collectively referred to as "Elan"), to pursue the application of certain of our and Elan's drug delivery technologies, including our platform technology for the buccal delivery of pharmaceutical products, for the treatment of prostate cancer, endometriosis and/or the suppression of testosterone and estrogen. In January 2002, we and Elan agreed to expand the joint venture to encompass the buccal delivery of morphine for the treatment of pain and agreed to pursue buccal morphine as the initial pharmaceutical product for development under Generex (Bermuda) Ltd., the entity through which the joint venture is being conducted. This expansion of the joint venture occurred after we successfully completed a proof of concept clinical study of morphine delivery using our proprietary buccal delivery technology. In connection with the joint venture, EIS purchased 1,000 shares of a new series of our preferred stock, designated as Series A Preferred Stock, for $12,015,000, which EIS transferred, shortly thereafter, to Elan Pharmaceuticals Investment III, an affiliate of Elan ("EPIL III"). We applied the proceeds from the sale of the Series A Preferred Stock to subscribe for an 80.1% equity ownership interest in Generex (Bermuda), Ltd. EIS paid in capital of $2,985,000 to subscribe for a 19.9% equity ownership interest in the joint venture entity. In accordance with the terms of the Series A Preferred Stock, if any shares of Series A Preferred Stock were to be outstanding on January 16, 2007, we would have been required to redeem the shares of Series A Preferred Stock at a redemption price equal to the aggregate Series A Preferred Stock liquidation preference, either in cash, or in shares of common stock with a fair market value equal to the redemption price. Alternatively, the Series A Preferred Stock could have been converted, under certain conditions, into shares of our common stock. EIS also purchased 344,116 shares of our common stock for $5,000,000. We were permitted to use the proceeds of this sale for any corporate purpose. On December 27, 2004, we entered into an agreement (the "Termination Agreement") with Elan, whereby we and Elan agreed to terminate the joint venture through Generex (Bermuda) Ltd. Pursuant to the terms of the Termination Agreement, (i) except for a common stock purchase warrant that was issued by us to Elan, which was amended to permit Elan or any other holder thereof to transfer the warrant without our consent, the parties agreed to terminate all agreements entered into in connection with the joint venture, and (ii) Elan agreed to transfer all shares of capital stock of Generex (Bermuda) owned by it to us. Accordingly, all rights granted by each party to the other terminated, including, without limitation, Elan's right to appoint a member to our Board of Directors, all other rights granted under the terms of the joint venture terminated, each party retained its intellectual property rights, we obtained full ownership of Generex (Bermuda), and all representatives of Elan who were officers and/or directors of Generex (Bermuda) resigned. In connection with negotiating the Termination Agreement, EPIL III approached us for consent to transfer the Series A Preferred Stock by way of an auction process. Although we provided our consent to the transfer, it was contingent upon EPIL III agreeing to satisfy the following conditions: (i) the auction process could conclude no later than December 15, 2004 and EPIL III's disposition of the shares could conclude no later than December 31, 2004 (the "Closing Date"), (ii) the buyer had to immediately convert the Series A Preferred Stock at the voluntary conversion price of $25.77 (calculated pursuant to the terms of the certificate of designation for the Series A Preferred Stock resulting in the issuance of 534,085 shares of common stock), (iii) EPIL III's registration rights could not be transferred, and (iv) for a period of two (2) years after the Closing Date, the purchaser of the Series A Preferred Stock may not transfer the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion thereof and we will have the right to redeem the shares of common stock at a per share price of 150% of the average closing price of the common stock on The Nasdaq SmallCap Market for the twenty (20) days immediately preceding the Closing Date. On or around December 15, 2004, EPIL III conducted the auction and received an offer to by the shares of Series A Preferred Stock. On or around December 31, 2004, EPIL III sold the shares of Series A Preferred Stock and the purchaser thereof immediately converted the Series A Preferred Stock into shares of our common stock. The conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock was particularly critical because the mandatory redemption feature required us to classify the Series A Preferred Stock as approximately $14,300,000 of mezzanine equity. Upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, however, we were able to reclassify the approximately $14,300,000 of mezzanine equity as common equity on our balance sheet. This, in turn, allowed us to regain compliance with NASDAQ's Market Place Rule 4310(c)(2)(B). (See "Developments in Fiscal Quarter ended January 31, 2005"). In August 2003, we acquired Antigen Express, Inc. Antigen is engaged in the research and development of technologies and immunomedicines for the treatment of malignant, infectious, autoimmune and allergic diseases. Our immunomedicine products work by stimulating the immune system to either attack offending agents (i.e., cancer cells, bacteria, and viruses) or to stop attacking benign elements (i.e., self proteins and allergens). Our immunomedicine products are based on two platform technologies that were discovered by an executive officer of Antigen, the Ii-Key hybrid peptides and Ii-Suppression. The immunomedicine products are in the pre-clinical stage of development, and trials in human patients are not expected for at least 6 months. Development efforts are underway in melanoma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, HIV, influenza virus, smallpox, SARS and Type I diabetes mellitus. We are establishing collaborations with clinical investigators at academic centers to advance the technology, with the ultimate goal of conducting human clinical testing. We do not expect to receive any revenues from product sales in the current fiscal year. However, we have received and we expect to continue to receive some revenue from research grants for Antigen's immunomedicine products. During the three-month period ended January 31, 2005, we received a total of $76,750 in such research grants and during the six-month period ended January 31, 2005, and we received a total of $219,500 in such research grants. We do not expect the research grants to fully fund Antigen's expenses. We expect to satisfy all of our cash needs during the current year from capital raised through equity financings. We are a development stage company, and from inception through the end of fiscal quarter January 31, 2005 had not received any revenues from operations other than the up-front payment from Lilly. We have no products approved for commercial sale by drug regulatory authorities. We have begun the regulatory approval process for only three products, our oral insulin formulation, morphine and fentanyl. We believe that our buccal delivery technology is a platform technology that has application to a large number of large molecule drugs in addition to insulin. Estrogen, heparin, monoclonal antibodies, human growth hormone, fertility hormone, as well as a number of vaccines are among the compounds that we have identified as possible candidates for product development. DISCLOSURE REGARDING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS Our major research and development projects are the refinement of our basic buccal delivery technology, our buccal insulin project and our buccal morphine product. Both our insulin product and our morphine product are in clinical trials. In Canada, we have recently begun Phase II-B trials for insulin. In order to obtain FDA and Canadian HPB approval for any of our product candidates, we will be required to complete "Phase III" trials which involve testing our product with a large number of patients over a significant period of time. The conduct of Phase III trials will require significantly greater funds than we either have on hand or have experience in raising in any year or two years' time. We will therefore need to receive funding from a corporate collaborator, or engage in fundraising on a scale with which we have no experience. Because of various uncertainties, we cannot predict the timing of completion of our buccal insulin or buccal morphine products. These uncertainties include the success of current studies, our ability to obtain the required financing and the time required to obtain regulatory approval even if our research and development efforts are completed and successful. For the same reasons, we cannot predict when any products may begin to produce net cash inflows. Most of our buccal delivery research and development activities to date have involved developing our platform technology for use with insulin and morphine. Insubstantial amounts have been expended on projects with other drugs, and those projects involved a substantial amount of platform technology development. Therefore, in the past, we have not made significant distinctions in the accounting for research and development expenses among products, as a significant portion of all research has involved improvements to the platform technology in connection with insulin, which may benefit all of our potential products. In the first six months of fiscal 2005, approximately 87% of our $5,576,965 in research expenses was attributable to insulin and platform technology development, and approximately 1% was attributable to morphine and fentanyl projects. As morphine and fentanyl are both narcotic painkillers, the research is related. In the same period of fiscal 2004, approximately 90% of our $2,985,117 of research and development was expended for insulin and platform technology, and approximately 1% for morphine and fentanyl. Approximately 12%, or $690,718 of our research and development expenses for the six month period ended January 31, 2005 were related to Antigen's immunomedicine products compared to approximately 9% or $273,030 for the same period ended January 31, 2004. Because these products are in a very early, pre-clinical stage of development, all of the expenses were accounted for as basic research and no distinctions were made as to particular products. Because of the early stage of development, we cannot predict the timing of completion of any products arising from this technology, or when products from this technology might begin producing revenues. However, we can predict that we do not expect to begin clinical trials during the current fiscal year. Developments in Fiscal Quarter ended January 31, 2005 On November 12, 2004, we completed a private placement of 6% Secured Convertible Debentures and warrants with four accredited investors for an aggregate purchase price of $4,000,000. The Debentures have a term of fifteen (15) months and amortize over thirteen (13) months in thirteen (13) equal monthly installments beginning on the first day of the third month following their issuance. Interest on the principal amount outstanding will accrue at a rate of six percent (6%) per annum. We may pay principal and accrued interest in cash or, at our option, in shares of our common stock. If we elect to pay principal and interest in shares of our common stock, the value of each share of common stock will be equal to the lesser of (i) $0.82 and (ii) ninety percent (90%) of the average of the twenty (20) trading day volume weighted average price for the common stock for the twenty (20) trading day period immediately preceding the date of payment. At the option of the holder of each Debenture, the principal amount outstanding under each Debenture is initially convertible at any time after the closing of the private placement into shares of our common stock at a conversion price of $0.82. The conversion price of each Debenture is based on the average of the ten (10) trading day volume weighted average price for our common stock for the ten (10) trading day period immediately preceding the date definitive agreements were signed. The warrants are initially exercisable into the same number of shares of our common stock initially issuable upon conversion of the Debentures. The initial exercise price of each warrant is equal to 110% of the conversion price of the Debentures, or $0.91. The conversion price of the Debentures and the exercise price of the warrants are each subject to an anti-dilution adjustment upon the issuance by us of securities at a price per share less than the then conversion price or exercise price, as applicable. In accordance with the terms of the private placement, we were required to register for resale the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Debentures and upon exercise of the warrants. In connection with the transaction, we granted an Additional Investment Right to each investor. Pursuant to the terms of each Additional Investment Right, each investor has the right at any time after the 181st day following the date definitive agreements were signed and on or prior to January 24, 2006, to purchase on the same terms and conditions as the private placement, up to the same number of Debentures and warrants purchased by such investor at the closing of the private placement. In addition, we paid to a placement agent (i) a cash fee equal to seven percent (7%) of the gross proceeds received by us and (ii) warrants exercisable into approximately 145,000 shares of our common stock at the same exercise price as the investors' warrants. The aggregate number of shares of common stock issuable pursuant to this transaction exceeds 19.99% of the outstanding shares of our common stock prior to such issuance. Because the rules and regulations of The Nasdaq Stock Market prohibit, under certain circumstances, the issuance, without prior stockholder approval, of shares of common stock in excess of 19.99% of an issuer's outstanding common stock prior to such issuance, certain insiders entered into a voting agreement with the investors, whereby such insiders agreed to vote at the next meeting of our stockholders all shares of our common stock held by them in favor of authorizing the issuance of an amount of shares of our common stock in excess of 19.99% of the outstanding common stock prior to consummating the transaction. We expect to utilize the proceeds from the transaction to accelerate clinical development activities and for working capital and other general corporate purposes. We undertook this offering in reliance upon Rule 506 of Regulation D and Section 18(b)(4)(D) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. On November 19, 2004, we received notice from The Nasdaq Stock Market informing us that we do not comply with Market Place Rule 4310(c)(2)(B), which requires us to have a minimum of $2,500,000 in stockholders' equity or $35,000,000 market value of listed securities or $500,000 of net income from continuing operations for the most recently completed fiscal year or two of the three most recently completed fiscal years. However, upon consummation in December 2004 of the transactions contemplated by a Termination Agreement we entered into with Elan Corporation, plc and its affiliates, as more fully described below, we regained compliance with Market Place Rule 4310(c)(2)(B). On November 24, 2004, we received notice from The Nasdaq Stock Market informing us that we do not comply with Market Place Rule 4310(c)(4), which requires us to have a minimum bid price per share of at least $1.00 for thirty (30) consecutive business days. In accordance with Marketplace Rule 4310(c)(8)(D), we have 180 calendar days from the date of the notice, or until May 23, 2005, to regain compliance with the Rule. If, at anytime prior to May 23, 2005, the bid price of our common stock closes at $1.00 per share or more for a minimum period of ten (10) consecutive business days, we will regain compliance with the Rule. In the event compliance with Market Place Rule 4310(c)(4) cannot be demonstrated by May 23, 2005, the Staff will determine whether we meet the Nasdaq SmallCap Market initial listing criteria as set forth in Market Place Rule 4310(c), except for the bid price requirement. If we meet the initial listing criteria, the Staff will grant an additional 180 calendar day period for us to regain compliance. If we cannot regain compliance and are not eligible for an additional compliance period, the Staff will notify us that our securities will be delisted, at which time we may appeal the Staff's determination to a Listing Qualifications Panel. On December 27, 2004, we entered into an agreement (the "Termination Agreement") with Elan, whereby we and Elan agreed to terminate the joint venture through Generex (Bermuda) Ltd. Pursuant to the terms of the Termination Agreement, (i) we agreed with Elan to terminate all agreements entered into by the parties in connection with the joint venture, except for a common stock purchase warrant that was issued by us to Elan, which was amended to permit Elan or any other holder thereof to transfer the warrant without our consent, and (ii) Elan agreed to transfer all shares of capital stock of Generex (Bermuda) owned by it to us. Accordingly, all rights granted by each party to the other terminated, including without limitation, Elan's right to appoint a member to our Board of Directors, all other rights granted under the terms of the joint venture terminated, each party retained its intellectual property rights, we obtained full ownership of Generex (Bermuda), and all representatives of Elan who were officers and/or directors of Generex (Bermuda) resigned. In connection with negotiating the Termination Agreement, Elan Pharmaceuticals Investment III, an affiliate of Elan ("EPIL III"), which was the ultimate recipient of 1,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued by us in connection with the joint venture, approached us for consent to transfer the Series A Preferred Stock by way of an auction process. Although we provided our consent to the transfer, it was contingent upon EPIL III agreeing to satisfy the following conditions: (i) the auction process could conclude no later than December 15, 2004 and EPIL III's disposition of the shares could conclude no later than December 31, 2004 (the "Closing Date"), (ii) the buyer had to immediately convert the Series A Preferred Stock at the voluntary conversion price of $25.77 (calculated pursuant to the terms of the certificate of designation for the Series A Preferred Stock resulting in the issuance of 534,085 shares of common stock), (iii) EPIL III's registration rights could not be transferred, and (iv) for a period of two (2) years after the Closing Date, the purchaser of the Series A Preferred Stock may not transfer the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion thereof and we will have the right to redeem the shares of common stock at a per share price of 150% of the average closing price of the common stock on The Nasdaq SmallCap Market for the twenty (20) days immediately preceding the Closing Date. On or around December 15, 2004, EPIL III conducted the auction and received an offer to by the shares of Series A Preferred Stock. On or around December 31, 2004, EPIL III sold the shares of Series A Preferred Stock and the purchaser thereof immediately converted the Series A Preferred Stock into shares of our common stock. The conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock was particularly critical because the mandatory redemption feature required us to classify the Series A Preferred Stock as approximately $14,300,000 of mezzanine equity. Upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, however, we were able to reclassify the approximately $14,300,000 of mezzanine equity as common equity on our balance sheet. This, in turn, allowed us to regain compliance with NASDAQ's Market Place Rule 4310(c)(2)(B). (See "Developments in Fiscal Quarter ended January 31, 2005"). Developments Subsequent to Fiscal Quarter Ended January 31, 2005. In February 2005, a consultant commenced an action in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice against the Company seeking approximately $600,000 in damages for alleged contract breaches in respect of unpaid remuneration and other compensation allegedly owed to him. The Company is of the view that the claims are wholly without merit and intends to defend this action vigorously. The Company is not able to predict the ultimate outcome of this legal proceeding at the present time or estimate an amount or range of potential loss, if any, from this legal proceeding. RESTATEMENT Subsequent to the issuance of the Company's financial statements for the year ended July 31, 2001, management determined that its Series A Preferred stock should be reclassified from stockholders' equity to mezzanine equity on our balance sheet, in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Topic D-98, "Classification and Measurement of Redeemable Securities," because the redemption feature of the Series A Preferred stock is beyond our control. This restatement did not affect net loss for the year ended July 31, 2001, nor did it affect total assets. The Series A Preferred stock should have been included outside the statement of stockholders' equity from the date of its issuance in January 2001. The Series A Preferred Stock has been converted into shares of our common stock. Accordingly, the Series A Preferred Stock has been removed as mezzanine equity from our balance and the common stock has been classified as stockholders' equity. Results of Operations - Three and six months ended January 31, 2005 and 2004 We have been in the development stage since inception and have not generated any operating revenues to date, other than $1,000,000 in revenues received in connection with the Development and License Agreement with Lilly in the quarter ended October 31, 2000. To date, we have received a total of $846,684 in research grants of which $219,500 was received during the six months ended January 31, 2005. Our net loss for the quarter ended January 31, 2005 was $6,298,182 versus $4,774,620 in the corresponding quarter of the prior fiscal year. The increase in net loss in this fiscal quarter versus the corresponding quarter of the prior fiscal year is due to an increase of $732,326 in interest expense a increase in research and development expenses of $225,247, and an increase in general and administrative expenses of $543,113. The increase in the interest expense reflects additional interest paid in connection with convertible debentures entered on November 12, 2004. The increase in general and administrative expenses in the quarter ended January 31, 2005, compared to the quarter ended January 31, 2004, was the result of increased legal and audit and accounting expenses, write off of notes receivable, increased executive compensation and a slight increase in financial and consulting services incurred this year that were paid by the issuance of common stock. The increase in general and administrative expenses was partially offset by reduction of advertising and travel expenses incurred this year compared to the same period of last year. The moderate increase in research and development expenses in the three-month period ending January 31, 2005 compared to the corresponding period of the prior fiscal year reflects the additional research and development activities by Antigen and increased activities of regulatory consultants. Our net loss for the six months ended January 31, 2005 increased to $12,956,210 versus $8,386,890 for the corresponding period of the prior fiscal year. The increase in net loss was due primarily to an increase in operating expenses of $3,726,883 and additional interest expense related to convertible debenture of $760,054. This increase in operating expenses was due to research and development expenses of $5,576,965, versus $2,985,117 for the corresponding period of the prior fiscal year and general and administrative expenses of $6,872,794, versus $5,737,759 for the corresponding period of the prior fiscal year. The increase in operating expenses was related to the activities of Antigen, bulk insulin purchases, increased activities of regulatory consultants and higher clinical activity compared to the first six month of 2004. The increase also reflects an accrual of the severance paid to an employee and executive compensation and write-off of the notes receivable. Inflation and changing prices have not had a significant effect on continuing operations and are not expected to have a material effect in the foreseeable future. Financial Condition, Liquidity and Resources To date we have financed our development stage activities primarily through private placements of common stock. At January 31, 2005, we had cash and short-term investments (primarily notes of United States corporations) of approximately $2 million. At July 31, 2004, our cash and short term investments were approximately $5 million. The decrease was attributable to the use of cash for ongoing operations. At January 31, 2005, we believed that our anticipated cash position was sufficient to meet our working capital needs for the next 3 months based on the pace of our planned development activities. Beyond that, we will likely require additional funds to support our working capital requirements or for other purposes. From time to time as deemed appropriate by management, we may seek to raise funds through private or public equity financing or from other sources. If we are unable to raise additional capital as needed, we could be required to "scale back" or otherwise revise our business plan. Any significant scale back of operations or modification of our business plan due to a lack of funding could be expected to affect our prospects materially and adversely. In the past, we have funded most of our development and other costs with equity financing. While we have been able to raise equity capital as required, unforeseen problems with our clinical program or materially negative developments in general economic conditions could interfere with our ability to raise additional equity capital as needed, or materially adversely affect the terms upon which such capital is available. Critical Accounting Policies Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our consolidated financial statements which have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. It requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. We consider certain accounting policies related to impairment of long-lived assets, intangible assets and accrued liabilities to be critical to our business operations and the understanding of our results of operations: Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. Management reviews for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of property and equipment may not be recoverable under the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets." If it is determined that an impairment loss has occurred based upon expected future cash flows, the loss is recognized in the Statement of Operations. Intangible Assets. We have intangible assets related to patents. The determination of the related estimated useful lives and whether or not these assets are impaired involves significant judgments. In assessing the recoverability of these intangible assets, we use an estimate of undiscounted operating income and related cash flows over the remaining useful life, market conditions and other factors to determine the recoverability of the asset. If these estimates or their related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record impairment charges against these assets. Estimating accrued liabilities, specifically litigation accruals. Management's current estimated range of liabilities related to pending litigation is based on management's best estimate of future costs. While the final resolution of the litigation could result in amounts different than current accruals, and therefore have an impact on our consolidated financial results in a future reporting period, management believes the ultimate outcome will not have a significant effect on our consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows. OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on the Company's financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenue or expenses, results of operations, liquidity capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors, and the Company does not have any non-consolidated special purpose entities. CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS Payments Due by Period
LESS THAN MORE THAN CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS TOTAL 1 YEAR 1-3 YEARS 3-5 YEARS 5 YEARS -------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Long-Term Debt Obligations 2,347,139 1,620,659 726,480 0 0 Capital Lease Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 Operating Lease Obligations 96,721 39,839 44,811 12,070 0 Purchase Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 Other Long-Term Liabilities Reflected on the Registrant's Balance Sheet under GAAP 0 0 0 0 0 Total 2,443,860 1,660,498 771,291 12,070 0
At January 31, 2005, we had Convertible Debenture on our Balance Sheet valued, net of debt discount of $2,756,554, at $1,243,446. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS On May 3, 2001, we advanced $334,300 to each of three senior officers, who are also our stockholders, in exchange for promissory notes. These notes bore interest at 8.5 percent per annum and were payable in full on May 1, 2002. These notes were guaranteed by a related company owned by these officers and secured by a pledge of 2,500,000 shares of our common stock owned by this related company. On June 3, 2002, our Board of Directors extended the maturity date of the loans to October 1, 2002. The other terms and conditions of the loans and guaranty remained unchanged and in full force and effect. As of July 31, 2002, the balance outstanding on these notes, including accrued interest, was $1,114,084. Pursuant to a decision made by the Compensation Committee as of August 30, 2002, these loans were satisfied through the application of 592,716 shares of pledged stock, at a value of $1.90 per share, which represented the lowest closing price during the sixty days prior to August 30, 2002. Prior to January 1, 1999, a portion of our general and administrative expenses resulted from transactions with affiliated persons, and a number of capital transactions also involved affiliated persons. Although these transactions were not the result of "arms-length" negotiations, we do not believe that this fact had a material impact on our results of operations or financial position. Prior to December 31, 1998, we classified certain payments to executive officers for compensation and expense reimbursements as "Research and Development - related party" and "General and Administrative - related party" because the executive officers received such payments through personal services corporations rather than directly. After December 31, 1998, these payments have been and will continue to be accounted for as though the payments were made directly to the officers, and not as a related party transaction. We do not foresee a need for, and therefore do not anticipate, any related party transactions in the current fiscal year. On August 7, 2002, we purchased real estate with an aggregate purchase price of approximately $1.6 million from an unaffiliated party. In connection with that transaction, Angara Enterprises, Inc., a licensed real estate broker that is an affiliate of Anna Gluskin, received a commission from the proceeds of the sale to the seller in the amount of 3% of the purchase price, or $45,714. We believe that this is less than the aggregate commission which would have been payable if a commission had been negotiated with an unaffiliated broker on an arm's length basis. We utilize a management company to manage all of our real properties. The property management company is owned by Rose Perri, Anna Gluskin and the estate of Mark Perri, our former Chairman of the Board. In the fiscal years ended July 31, 2004 and 2003 we paid the management company approximately $40,180 and $33,237, respectively, in management fees. NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued SFAS No. 123R "Share Based Payment." This statement is a revision to SFAS 123 and supersedes Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," and amends FASB Statement No. 95, "Statement of Cash Flows". This statement requires a public entity to expense the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments using the fair-value-based method. This statement also provides guidance on valuing and expensing these awards, as well as disclosure requirements of these equity arrangements. This statement is effective for the first interim reporting period that begins after June 15, 2005. SFAS 123R permits public companies to choose between the following two adoption methods: 1. A "modified prospective" method in which compensation cost is recognized beginning with the effective date (a) based on the requirements of SFAS 123R for all share-based payments granted after the effective date and (b) based on the requirements of Statement 123 for all awards granted to employees prior to the effective date of SFAS 123R that remain unvested on the effective date, or 2. A "modified retrospective" method which includes the requirements of the modified prospective method described above, but also permits entities to restate based on the amounts previously recognized under SFAS 123 for purposes of pro forma disclosures either (a) all prior periods presented or (b) prior interim periods of the year of adoption. As permitted by SFAS 123, the Company currently accounts for share-based payments to employees using APB Opinion 25's intrinsic value method and, as such, the Company generally recognizes no compensation cost for employee stock options. The impact of the adoption of SFAS 123R cannot be predicted at this time because it will be depend on levels of share-based payments granted in the future. However, valuation of employee stock options under SFAS 123R is similar to SFAS 123, with minor exceptions. The impact on the results of operations and earnings per share had the Company adopted SFAS 123, is described in stock based compensation section of Notes to the Financial Statements. Accordingly, the adoption of SFAS 123R's fair value method will have a significant impact on the Company's results of operations, although it will have no impact on the Company's overall financial position. SFAS 123R also requires the benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation cost to be reported as a financing cash flow, rather than as an operating cash flow as required under current literature. This requirement will reduce net operating cash flows and increase net financing cash flows in periods after adoption. Due to timing of the release of SFAS 123R, the Company has not yet completed the analysis of the ultimate impact that this new pronouncement will have on the results of operations, nor the method of adoption for this new standard. In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, "Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets - an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29." The statement addresses the measurement of exchanges of nonmonetary assets and eliminates the exception from fair value measurement for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replaces it with an exception for exchanges that do not have commercial substance. SFAS No. 153 is effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this statement. RISK FACTORS An investment in our stock is very speculative and involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the following important factors, as well as the other information in this Report and the other reports that we have filed heretofore (and will file hereafter) with the Securities and Exchange Commission, before purchasing our stock. The following discussion outlines certain factors that we think could cause our actual outcomes and results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements. In addition to historical facts or statements of current condition, this Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements provide our current expectations or forecasts of future events. The following discussion outlines certain factors that we think could cause our actual outcomes and results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements. These factors are in addition to those set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Risks Related to Our Financial Condition We have a history of losses, and will incur additional losses. We are a development stage company with a limited history of operations, and do not expect ongoing revenues from operation in the immediately foreseeable future. To date, we have not been profitable and our accumulated net loss before preferred stock dividend was $107,187,526 at January 31, 2005. Our losses have resulted principally from costs incurred in research and development, including clinical trials, and from general and administrative costs associated with our operations. While we seek to attain profitability, we cannot be sure that we will ever achieve product and other revenue sufficient for us to attain this objective. Our product candidates are in research or early stages of pre-clinical and clinical development. We will need to conduct substantial additional research, development and clinical trials. We will also need to receive necessary regulatory clearances both in the United States and foreign countries and obtain meaningful patent protection for and establish freedom to commercialize each of our product candidates. We cannot be sure that we will obtain required regulatory approvals, or successfully research, develop, commercialize, manufacture and market any other product candidates. We expect that these activities, together with future general and administrative activities, will result in significant expenses for the foreseeable future. We need additional capital To progress in product development or marketing, we will need additional capital which may not be available to us. This may delay our progress in product development or market. We will require funds in excess of our existing cash resources: o to proceed with the development of our buccal insulin product; o to develop other buccal and immunomedicine products; o to develop new products based on our buccal delivery and immunomedicine technologies, including clinical testing relating to new products; o to develop or acquire other technologies or other lines of business; o to establish and expand our manufacturing capabilities; o to finance general and administrative and research activities that are not related to specific products under development; and o to finance the research and development activities of our new subsidiary Antigen. In the past, we have funded most of our development and other costs through equity financing. We anticipate that our existing capital resources will enable us to maintain currently planned operations through the next three months. However, this expectation is based on our current operating plan, which could change as a result of many factors, and we may need additional funding sooner than anticipated. Because our operating and capital resources are insufficient to meet future requirements, we will have to raise additional funds in the near future to continue the development and commercialization of our products. Unforeseen problems, including materially negative developments in our clinical trials or in general economic conditions, could interfere with our ability to raise additional equity capital or materially adversely affect the terms upon which such funding is available. Recent changes in the application of the rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market may also make it more difficult for us to raise private equity capital. It is possible that we will be unable to obtain additional funding as and when we need it. If we were unable to obtain additional funding as and when needed, we could be forced to delay the progress of certain development efforts. Such a scenario poses risks. For example, our ability to bring a product to market and obtain revenues could be delayed, our competitors could develop products ahead of us, and/or we could be forced to relinquish rights to technologies, products or potential products. New equity financing could dilute current stockholders. If we raise funds through equity financing to meet the needs discussed above, it will have a dilutive effect on existing holders of our shares by reducing their percentage ownership. The shares may be sold at a time when the market price is low because we need the funds. This will dilute existing holders more than if our stock price was higher. In addition, equity financings normally involve shares sold at a discount to the current market price. Our research and development and marketing efforts are likely to be highly dependent on corporate collaborators and other third parties who may not devote sufficient time, resources and attention to our programs, which may limit our efforts to successfully develop and market potential products. Because we have limited resources, we have sought to enter into collaboration agreements with other pharmaceutical companies that will assist us in developing, testing, obtaining governmental approval for and commercializing products using our buccal delivery and immunomedicine technologies. Any collaborator with whom we may enter into such collaboration agreements may not support fully our research and commercial interests since our program may compete for time, attention and resources with such collaborator's internal programs. Therefore, these collaborators may not commit sufficient resources to our program to move it forward effectively, or that the program will advance as rapidly as it might if we had retained complete control of all research, development, regulatory and commercialization decisions. Risks Related to Our Technologies Because our technologies and products are at an early stage of development, we cannot expect revenues in the foreseeable future. We have no products approved for commercial sale at the present time. To be profitable, we must successfully research, develop, obtain regulatory approval for, manufacture, introduce, market and distribute our products under development. We may not be successful in one or more of these stages of the development of our products, and/or any of the products we develop may not be commercially viable. While over 800 patients with diabetes have been dosed with our oral insulin formulation at approved facilities in seven countries, our insulin product has not been approved for marketing in any country. Until we have developed a commercially viable product which receives regulatory approval, we will not receive revenues from ongoing operations. We will not receive revenues from operations until we receive regulatory approval to sell our products. Many factors impact our ability to obtain approvals for commercially viable products. We have no products approved for commercial sale by drug regulatory authorities. We have begun the regulatory approval process for our oral insulin formulation, buccal morphine and fentanyl products. Our immunomedicine products are in the pre-clinical stage of development. Pre-clinical and clinical trials of our products, and the manufacturing and marketing of our technologies, are subject to extensive, costly and rigorous regulation by governmental authorities in the United States, Canada and other countries. The process of obtaining required regulatory approvals from the FDA and other regulatory authorities often takes many years, is expensive and can vary significantly based on the type, complexity and novelty of the product candidates. For these reasons, it is possible we will never receive approval for one or more product candidates. Delays in obtaining United States or foreign approvals for our products could result in substantial additional costs to us, and, therefore, could adversely affect our ability to compete with other companies. If regulatory approval is ultimately granted, the approval may place limitations on the intended use of the product we wish to commercialize, and may restrict the way in which we are permitted to market the product. Due to legal and factual uncertainties regarding the scope and protection afforded by patents and other proprietary rights, we may not have meaningful protection from competition. Our long-term success will substantially depend upon our ability to protect our proprietary technologies from infringement, misappropriation, discovery and duplication and avoid infringing the proprietary rights of others. Our patent rights, and the patent rights of biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies in general, are highly uncertain and include complex legal and factual issues. Because of this, our pending patent applications may not be granted. These uncertainties also mean that any patents that we own or will obtain in the future could be subject to challenge, and even if not challenged, may not provide us with meaningful protection from competition. Due to our financial uncertainties, we may not possess the financial resources necessary to enforce our patents. Patents already issued to us or our pending applications may become subject to dispute, and any dispute could be resolved against us. Because a substantial number of patents have been issued in the field of alternative drug delivery and because patent positions can be highly uncertain and frequently involve complex legal and factual questions, the breadth of claims obtained in any application or the enforceability of our patents cannot be predicted. Consequently, we do not know whether any of our pending or future patent applications will result in the issuance of patents or, to the extent patents have been issued or will be issued, whether these patents will be subject to further proceedings limiting their scope, will provide significant proprietary protection or competitive advantage, or will be circumvented or invalidated. Also because of these legal and factual uncertainties, and because pending patent applications are held in secrecy for varying periods in the United States and other countries, even after reasonable investigation we may not know with certainty whether any products that we (or a licensee) may develop will infringe upon any patent or other intellectual property right of a third party. For example, we are aware of certain patents owned by third parties that such parties could attempt to use in the future in efforts to affect our freedom to practice some of the patents that we own or have applied for. Based upon the science and scope of these third party patents, we believe that the patents that we own or have applied for do not infringe any such third party patents, however, we cannot know for certain whether we could successfully defend our position, if challenged. We may incur substantial costs if we are required to defend ourselves in patent suits brought by third parties. These legal actions could seek damages and seek to enjoin testing, manufacturing and marketing of the accused product or process. In addition to potential liability for significant damages, we could be required to obtain a license to continue to manufacture or market the accused product or process. Risks Related to Marketing of Our Potential Products We may not become, or stay, profitable even if our products are approved for sale. Even if we obtain regulatory approval to market our oral insulin product or any other product candidate, many factors may prevent the product from ever being sold in commercial quantities. Some of these factors are beyond our control, such as: o acceptance of the formulation or treatment by health care professionals and diabetic patients; o the availability, effectiveness and relative cost of alternative diabetes or immunomedicine treatments that may be developed by competitors; and o the availability of third-party (i.e., insurer and governmental agency) reimbursements. We may not be able to compete with treatments now being marketed and developed, or which may be developed and marketed in the future by other companies. Our products will compete with existing and new therapies and treatments. We are aware of a number of companies currently seeking to develop alternative means of delivering insulin, as well as new drugs intended to replace insulin therapy at least in part. We are also aware of a number of companies currently seeking to develop alternative means of enhancing and suppressing peptides. In the longer term, we also face competition from companies that seek to develop cures for diabetes and other malignant, infectious, autoimmune and allergic diseases through techniques for correcting the genetic deficiencies that underlie such diseases. We will have to depend upon others for marketing and distribution of our products, and we may be forced to enter into contracts limiting the benefits we may receive and the control we have over our products. We intend to rely on collaborative arrangements with one or more other companies that possess strong marketing and distribution resources to perform these functions for us. We may not be able to enter into beneficial contracts, and we may be forced to enter into contracts for the marketing and distribution of our products that substantially limit the potential benefits to us from commercializing these products. In addition, we will not have the same control over marketing and distribution that we would have if we conducted these functions ourselves. Numerous pharmaceutical, biotechnology and drug delivery companies, hospitals, research organizations, individual scientists and nonprofit organizations are engaged in the development of alternatives to our technologies. Many of these companies have greater research and development capabilities, experience, manufacturing, marketing, financial and managerial resources than we do. Accordingly, our competitors may succeed in developing competing technologies, obtaining FDA approval for products or gaining market acceptance more rapidly than we can. If government programs and insurance companies do not agree to pay for or reimburse patients for our products, we will not be successful. Sales of our potential products depend in part on the availability of reimbursement by third-party payors such as government health administration authorities, private health insurers and other organizations. Third-party payors often challenge the price and cost-effectiveness of medical products and services. FDA approval of health care products does not guarantee that these third party payors will pay for the products. Even if third party payors do accept our product, the amounts they pay may not be adequate to enable us to realize a profit. Legislation and regulations affecting the pricing of pharmaceuticals may change before our products are approved for marketing and any such changes could further limit reimbursement. Risks Related to Potential Liabilities We face significant product liability risks, which may have a negative effect on our financial condition. The administration of drugs or treatments to humans, whether in clinical trials or commercially, can result in product liability claims whether or not the drugs or treatments are actually at fault for causing an injury. Furthermore, our products may cause, or may appear to have caused, serious adverse side effects (including death) or potentially dangerous drug interactions that we may not learn about or understand fully until the drug or treatment has been administered to patients for some time. Product liability claims can be expensive to defend and may result in large judgments or settlements against us, which could have a severe negative effect on our financial condition. We maintain product liability insurance in amounts we believe to be commercially reasonable for our current level of activity and exposure, but claims could exceed our coverage limits. Furthermore, due to factors in the insurance market generally and our own experience, we may not always be able to purchase sufficient insurance at an affordable price. Even if a product liability claim is not successful, the adverse publicity and time and expense of defending such a claim may interfere with our business. Outcome of an Arbitration Proceeding with Sands Brothers may have an adverse impact on us. On October 2, 1998, Sands Brothers & Co. Ltd., a New York City-based investment banking and brokerage firm, initiated an arbitration against us under New York Stock Exchange rules. Sands alleged that it had the right to receive, for nominal consideration, approximately 1.5 million shares of our common stock. Sands based its claim upon an October 1997 letter agreement that was purported by Sands to confirm an agreement appointing Sands as the exclusive financial advisor to Generex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a subsidiary that we acquired in late 1997. In exchange therefor, the letter agreement purported to grant Sands the right to acquire 17% of Generex Pharmaceuticals' common stock for nominal consideration. Sands claimed that its right to receive shares of Generex Pharmaceuticals' common stock applies to our common stock since outstanding shares of Generex Pharmaceuticals' common stock were converted into shares of our common stock in the acquisition. Sands' claims also included additional shares allegedly due as a fee related to that acquisition, and $144,000 in monthly fees allegedly due under the terms of the purported agreement. After several arbitration and court proceedings, on October 29, 2002, the Appellate Division of the New York Supreme Court issued a decision remanding the issue of damages to a new panel of arbitrators and limiting the issue of damages before the new panel to reliance damages which is not to include an award of lost profits. Reliance damages are out-of-pocket damages incurred by Sands. On August 17, 2004, the Arbitration Panel of the New York Stock Exchange issued a final award in the case of Sands vs. the Company, awarding Sands $150,000 in reliance damages. A motion to confirm this award has been awarded to Sands. Sands has advised the Company that it intends to seek leave from the New York Court of Appeals to appeal the prior orders of the Appellate Division vacating the prior Arbitration Panel's warrant awards. Consequently, it is likely that there will be further legal proceedings with respect to this matter. Accordingly, only $150,000 has been recorded in the accompanying financial statements. The case is still ongoing and our ultimate liability cannot yet be determined with certainty. Our financial condition would be materially adversely affected to the extent that Sands receives shares of our common stock for little or no consideration or substantial monetary damages as a result of this legal proceeding. Apart from $150,000 accrual, we are not able to estimate an amount or range of potential loss from this legal proceeding at the present time. Risks Related to the Market for Our Common Stock Our common stock may be delisted from The Nasdaq SmallCap Market. . On June 5, 2003, our common stock was delisted from The Nasdaq National Market because of our failure to maintain a minimum of $10,000,000 in stockholders' equity. On June 5, 2003, our stock began trading on The Nasdaq SmallCap Market. The Nasdaq SmallCap Market has its own standards for continued listing, including a minimum of $2.5 million stockholders' equity. As of July 31, 2004, our stockholders' equity was $529,751. As a result, on November 19, 2004, we received notice from The Nasdaq Stock Market informing us that we do not comply with Market Place Rule 4310(c)(2)(B), which requires us to have a minimum of $2,500,000 in stockholders' equity or $35,000,000 market value of listed securities or $500,000 of net income from continuing operations for the most recently completed fiscal year or two of the three most recently completed fiscal years. On December 22, 2004, all outstanding shares of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock were converted to common stock, resulting in the elimination of approximately $14,300,000 of mezzanine equity and an equal amount was added to additional paid-in capital attributable to the common stock, increasing stockholders' equity by that amount. Based on this, the delisting proceeding relating to failure to meet stockholders' equity standards was terminated. Because we are still in the development stage, there is no guarantee that we will sustain compliance with this standard. In the event we cannot sustain compliance, our shares of common stock may be delisted from The Nasdaq SmallCap Market and begin trading on the over-the-counter bulletin board. In addition, for continued listing on both The Nasdaq National Market and SmallCap Market, our stock price must be at least $1.00. During October and November of 2004, our stock price traded below this minimum per share requirement for thirty (30) consecutive business days. As a result, on November 24, 2004, we received notice from The Nasdaq Stock Market informing us that we do not comply with Market Rule 4310(c)(4), which requires us to have a minimum bid price per share of at least $1.00 for thirty (30) consecutive business days. Although we have 180 calendar days, subject to extension by The Nasdaq Stock Market under certain circumstances, to regain compliance with the Rule, there is no guarantee that the bid price of our common stock will close at $1.00 per share or more for a minimum period of ten (10) consecutive business days, which is the minimum period of time The Nasdaq Stock Market requires to regain compliance. If our stock is delisted from NASDAQ SmallCap Market, it may become subject to Penny Stock Regulations and there will be less interest for our stock in the market. This may result in lower prices for our stock and make it more difficult for us to obtain financing. If our stock is not listed on NASDAQ and fails to maintain a price of $5.00 or more per share, our stock would become subject to the Securities and Exchange Commission's "Penny Stock" rules. These rules require a broker to deliver, prior to any transaction involving a Penny Stock, a disclosure schedule explaining the Penny Stock Market and its risks. Additionally, broker/dealers who recommend Penny Stocks to persons other than established customers and accredited investors must make a special written suitability determination and receive the purchaser's written agreement to a transaction prior to the sale. In the event our stock becomes subject to these rules, it will become more difficult for broker/dealers to sell our common stock. Therefore, it may be more difficult for us to obtain financing. The price of Our Common Stock may be volatile. There may be wide fluctuations in the price of our common stock. These fluctuations may be caused by several factors including: o announcements of research activities and technology innovations or new products by us or our competitors; o changes in market valuation of companies in our industry generally; o variations in operating results; o changes in governmental regulations; o developments in patent and other proprietary rights; o public concern as to the safety of drugs or treatments developed by us or others; o results of clinical trials of our products or our competitors' products; and o regulatory action or inaction on our products or our competitors' products. From time to time, we may hire companies to assist us in pursuing investor relations strategies to generate increased volumes of investment in our common stock. Such activities may result, among other things, in causing the price of our common stock to increase on a short-term basis. Furthermore, the stock market generally and the market for stocks of companies with lower market capitalizations and small biopharmaceutical companies, like us, have from time to time experienced, and likely will again experience significant price and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of a particular company. Our outstanding Special Voting Rights Preferred Stock and provisions of our Restated Certificate of Incorporation could delay or prevent the acquisition or sale of our business. Holders of our Special Voting Rights Preferred Stock have the ability to prevent any change of control in us. Dr. Pankaj Modi, a former officer and director of Generex, owns all of our Special Voting Rights Preferred Stock. In addition, our Restated Certificate of Incorporation permits our Board of Directors to designate new series of preferred stock and issue those shares without any vote or action by our stockholders. Such newly authorized and issued shares of preferred stock could contain terms that grant special voting rights to the holders of such shares that make it more difficult to obtain stockholder approval for an acquisition of our business or increase the cost of any such acquisition. ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK We are exposed to market risks associated with changes in the exchange rates between U.S. and Canadian currencies and with changes in the interest rates related to our fixed rate debt. We do not believe that any of these risks will have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. At the present time, we maintain our cash in short term government or government guaranteed instruments, short term commercial paper, interest bearing bank deposits or demand bank deposits which do not earn interest. A substantial majority of these instruments and deposits are denominated in U.S. dollars, with the exception of funds denominated in Canadian dollars on deposit in Canadian banks to meet short term operating needs in Canada. At the present time, with the exception of professional fees and costs associated with the conduct of clinical trials in the United States and Europe, substantially all of our operating expense obligations are denominated in Canadian dollars. We do not presently employ any hedging or similar strategy intended to mitigate against losses that could be incurred as a result of fluctuations in the exchange rates between U.S. and Canadian currencies. As of January 31, 2005, we have fixed rate debt totaling $2,347,139. This amount is comprised of $812,574 at a fixed interest rate of 5.8%, $322,880 at 8.5%, $610,200 at 9.7%, $197,885 at 10%, and $403,600 at 11.5% per annum. These debt instruments mature from May 2005 through August 2006. As our fixed rate debt mature, we will likely refinance such debt at their existing market interest rates which may be more or less than interest rates on the maturing debt. Since this debt is fixed rate debt, if interest rates were to increase 100 basis points prior to maturity, there would be no impact on earnings or cash flows. We have neither issued nor own any long term debt instruments, or any other financial instruments, for trading purposes and as to which we would be subject to material market risks. ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES. EVALUATION OF DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES. Based on our management's evaluation (with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-14(c) and 15d-14(c) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")) are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROLS. There was no change in our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15(d) - 15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. PART II. OTHER INFORMATION ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Subsequent to the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2005, a consultant filed a Statement of Claim in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice, File No., 05-CV-284560 PD1 approximately $600,000 in damages for alleged contract breaches in respect of unpaid remuneration and other compensation allegedly owed to him. The Company is of the view that it has no liability in this matter and intends to defend this action vigorously. Due to the early stage of this action, the Company is not able to predict the ultimate outcome of this legal proceeding at the present time or estimate an amount or range of potential loss, if any, from this legal proceeding. For a full description of all legal proceedings against us, see our Report on Form 10-K for the year ended July 31, 2004, which is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS. The following transaction occurred during fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2005 and was previously reported in our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2004. o On November 15, 2004, we completed a private placement of 6% Secured Convertible Debentures and warrants with four accredited investors for an aggregate purchase price of $4,000,000. The Debentures have a term of fifteen (15) months and amortize over thirteen (13) months in thirteen (13) equal monthly installments beginning on the first day of the third month following their issuance. Interest on the principal amount outstanding will accrue at a rate of six percent (6%) per annum. Generex may pay principal and accrued interest in cash or, at Generex's option, in shares of its common stock. If Generex elects to pay principal and interest in shares of its common stock, the value of each share of common stock will be equal to the lesser of (i) $0.82 and (ii) ninety percent (90%) of the average of the twenty (20) trading day volume weighted average price for the common stock for the twenty (20) trading day period immediately preceding the date of payment. At the option of the holder of each Debenture, the principal amount outstanding under each Debenture is initially convertible at any time after the closing of the private placement into shares of Generex's common stock at a conversion price of $0.82. The conversion price of each Debenture is based on the average of the ten (10) trading day volume weighted average price for Generex's common stock for the ten (10) trading day period immediately preceding the date definitive agreements were signed. The warrants are initially exercisable into the same number of shares of Generex's common stock initially issuable upon conversion of the Debentures. The initial exercise price of each warrant is equal to 110% of the conversion price of the Debentures, or $0.91. The conversion price of the Debentures and the exercise price of the warrants are each subject to a full-ratchet adjustment upon the issuance by Generex of securities at a price per share less than the then conversion price or exercise price, as applicable. In accordance with the terms of the private placement, Generex is required to register for resale the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Debentures and upon exercise of the warrants. We expect to utilize the proceeds from the transaction to accelerate clinical development activities and for working capital and other general corporate purposes. o In our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2004 and in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2004 we reported an unregistered sale of securities pursuant to a Securities Agreement dated October 18, 2004 to sell 800,000 shares of our common stock at $2.50 per share for gross proceeds of $2,000,000. As of the date of filing, the closing conditions under this Securities Purchase Agreement were not satisfied, and we do not expect that we will receive this investment. ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES None. ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS None. ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS The following material change to the procedures by which a certain security holder may recommend a nominee and appoint such nominee to the Board of Directors occurred during the last fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2005: pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Termination Agreement, Elan no longer has a right to appoint a member of the Company's Board of Directors. This right had been granted to Elan in connection with the Joint Venture Agreement we entered into with Elan in January 2001 although Elan has not recently exercised this right. ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K Exhibits 31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* 31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* 32 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* ---------- * Filed herewith. All other exhibits are incorporated by reference, as described. SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. DATE: March 16, 2005 GENEREX BIOTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION By: /s/ Rose C. Perri By: /s/ Anna Gluskin --------------------------- ---------------------------- Principal Financial Officer Chief Executive Officer