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SEGMENT INFORMATION
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
SEGMENT INFORMATION

NOTE 15. SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company is organized into three operating segments: (i) MIS, (ii) MA and (iii) Copal Amba. The Copal Amba operating segment has been aggregated with the MA operating segment based on the fact that it has similar economic characteristics to MA. Accordingly, the Company reports in two reportable segments: MIS and MA.

The MIS segment consists of five LOBs. The CFG, SFG, FIG and PPIF LOBs generate revenue principally from fees for the assignment and ongoing monitoring of credit ratings on debt obligations and the entities that issue such obligations in markets worldwide. The MIS Other LOB primarily consists of the distribution of research and financial instruments pricing services in the Asia-Pacific region as well as ICRA non-ratings revenue.

The MA segment develops a wide range of products and services that support the risk management activities of institutional participants in global financial markets. The MA segment consists of three LOBs - RD&A, ERS and PS.

Revenue for MIS and expenses for MA include an intersegment royalty charged to MA for the rights to use and distribute content, data and products developed by MIS. The royalty rate charged by MIS approximates the fair value of the aforementioned content, data and products and is generally based on comparable market transactions. Also, revenue for MA and expenses for MIS include an intersegment fee charged to MIS from MA for certain MA products and services utilized in MIS’s ratings process. These fees charged by MA are generally equal to the costs incurred by MA to produce these products and services. Additionally, overhead costs and corporate expenses of the Company that exclusively benefit only one segment are fully charged to that segment. Overhead costs and corporate expenses of the Company that benefit both segments are allocated to each segment based on a revenue-split methodology. Accordingly, a reportable segment’s share of these costs will increase as its proportion of revenue relative to Moody’s total revenue increases. Overhead expenses include costs such as rent and occupancy, information technology and support staff such as finance, human resources and information technology. “Eliminations” in the table below represent intersegment revenue/expense. Moody’s does not report the Company’s assets by reportable segment, as this metric is not used by the chief operating decision maker to allocate resources to the segments. Consequently, it is not practical to show assets by reportable segment.

Financial Information by Segment

The table below shows revenue, Adjusted Operating Income and operating income by reportable segment. Adjusted Operating Income is a financial metric utilized by the Company’s chief operating decision maker to assess the profitability of each reportable segment.

Three Months Ended September 30,
20162015
MISMAEliminationsConsolidatedMISMAEliminationsConsolidated
Revenue$637.6$309.0$(29.5)$917.1$571.6$290.1$(26.8)$834.9
Operating, SG&A272.8235.2(29.5)478.5268.1215.6(26.8)456.9
Adjusted Operating Income364.873.8-438.6303.574.5-378.0
Less:
Restructuring7.60.8-8.4----
Depreciation and amortization19.113.6-32.716.911.4-28.3
Operating income$338.1$59.4$-$397.5$286.6$63.1$-$349.7
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20162015
MISMAEliminationsConsolidatedMISMAEliminationsConsolidated
Revenue$1,836.9$908.9$(83.7)$2,662.1$1,859.1$838.7$(79.2)$2,618.6
Operating, SG&A830.1698.1(83.7)1,444.5836.4636.3(79.2)1,393.5
Adjusted Operating Income1,006.8210.8-1,217.61,022.7202.4-1,225.1
Less:
Restructuring10.21.8-12.0----
Depreciation and amortization54.839.0-93.848.736.1-84.8
Operating income$941.8$170.0$-$1,111.8$974.0$166.3$-$1,140.3

The cumulative restructuring charges incurred since January 1, 2016 through September 30, 2016 for the MIS and MA operating segments are $10.2 million and $1.8 million, respectively. The charge in MA reflects cost management initiatives in certain corporate overhead functions of which a portion is allocated to MA based on a revenue-split methodology.

MIS and MA Revenue by Line of Business

The table below presents revenue by LOB within each reportable segment:

Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2016201520162015
MIS:
Corporate finance (CFG)$299.6$248.3$844.7$866.6
Structured finance (SFG)104.2112.5306.3335.0
Financial institutions (FIG)95.889.5280.4273.7
Public, project and infrastructure finance (PPIF)105.290.6309.0291.2
Total ratings revenue604.8540.91,740.41,766.5
MIS Other7.57.222.623.1
Total external revenue612.3548.11,763.01,789.6
Intersegment royalty25.323.573.969.5
Total637.6571.61,836.91,859.1
MA:
Research, data and analytics (RD&A)167.7157.9500.9465.0
Enterprise risk solutions (ERS)101.592.2288.5252.5
Professional services (PS)35.636.7109.7111.5
Total external revenue304.8286.8899.1829.0
Intersegment revenue4.23.39.89.7
Total309.0290.1908.9838.7
Eliminations(29.5)(26.8)(83.7)(79.2)
Total MCO$917.1$834.9$2,662.1$2,618.6

Consolidated Revenue Information by Geographic Area:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2016201520162015
United States$545.7$482.1$1,571.6$1,527.8
International:
EMEA225.9215.4665.4660.4
Asia-Pacific92.585.5272.0270.8
Americas53.051.9153.1159.6
Total International371.4352.81,090.51,090.8
Total$917.1$834.9$2,662.1$2,618.6