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Significant Accounting Policies and Practices
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Significant Accounting Policies and Practices

1. Significant Accounting Policies and Practices

The Company

SP Plus Corporation (the "Company") facilitates the efficient movement of people, vehicles and personal belongings with the goal of enhancing the consumer experience while improving bottom line results for the Company’s clients. The Company provides technology-driven mobility solutions, professional parking management, ground transportation, remote baggage check-in and handling, facility maintenance, security and event logistics to aviation, commercial, hospitality, healthcare and government clients across North America. The Company typically enters into contractual agreements with property owners or managers as opposed to owning facilities. Substantially all of the Company’s operations are conducted in the United States.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain information and disclosures normally included in the financial statements have been condensed or omitted as permitted by such rules and regulations.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of adjustments of a normal and recurring nature) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any other interim period or the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022. The financial statements presented in this report should be read in conjunction with the Company’s annual Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed on February 28, 2022 with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Principles of Consolidation

The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly owned subsidiaries, and Variable Interest Entities ("VIEs") in which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The Company is the primary beneficiary of a VIE when the Company has the power to direct activities that most significantly affect the economic performance of the VIE. If the Company is not the primary beneficiary in a VIE, the Company accounts for the investment in the VIE in accordance with applicable U.S. GAAP. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, assets related to consolidated VIEs were $55.3 million and $54.9 million, respectively, which were primarily related to right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and leasehold improvements, equipment and construction in progress, net. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, liabilities related to consolidated VIEs were $51.3 million and $52.7 million, respectively, which were primarily related to operating and finance lease liabilities. All significant intercompany profits, transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents represent funds temporarily invested in money market instruments with maturities of three months or less. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. Cash and cash equivalents that are restricted as to withdrawal or use under the terms of certain contractual agreements were $0.6 million and $0.2 million as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and were included in Cash and cash equivalents within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Equity Investments in Unconsolidated Entities

The Company has ownership interests in 31 active partnerships, joint ventures or similar arrangements that operate parking facilities, of which 25 are consolidated under the VIE or voting interest models and 6 are unconsolidated where the Company’s ownership interests range from 30-50 percent and for which there are no indicators of control. The Company accounts for such investments under the equity method of accounting, and the Company’s underlying share of each investee’s equity of $11.4 million and $10.8 million as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, was included in Other noncurrent assets, net, within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As the operations of these entities are consistent with the Company’s underlying core business operations, the equity in earnings of these investments were included in Services revenue - lease type contracts within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The equity earnings in these related investments were $0.6 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $1.5 million and $0.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Other Noncurrent Assets

Other noncurrent assets consisted of equity investments of unconsolidated entities, advances, deposits and cost of contracts, net, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Accrued and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued and other current liabilities consisted of insurance, accrued rent, compensation, payroll withholdings, property, payroll and other taxes and other accrued expenses as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Noncontrolling Interests

Noncontrolling interests represent the noncontrolling holders’ percentage share of income (losses) from the subsidiaries in which the Company holds a controlling interest, but less than 100 percent, ownership interest. The results of these subsidiaries are consolidated and included in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid over the fair value of net assets acquired. In accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board's ("FASB") authoritative accounting guidance on goodwill, the Company evaluates goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or more often if events or circumstances change that could cause goodwill to become impaired. The Company has elected to assess the impairment of goodwill annually on October 1 or at an interim date if there is an event or change in circumstances indicating the carrying value may not be recoverable. The goodwill impairment test is performed at the reporting unit level; the Company's reporting units represent its operating segments, consisting of Commercial and Aviation. Factors that could trigger an impairment review include significant under-performance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results, significant changes in the use of acquired assets or the Company’s business strategy, and significant negative industry or economic trends.

The Company may perform a qualitative, rather than quantitative, assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the Company determines impairment is present, the Company would need to perform a quantitative assessment. The determination of fair value of a reporting unit utilizes cash flow projections that assume certain future revenue and cost levels, comparable marketplace data, comparable company market valuations, assumed discount rates based upon current market conditions and other valuation factors, all of which involve the use of significant judgment and estimates. The Company also assesses critical areas that may impact its business, including economic conditions, market related exposures, competition, changes in service offerings and changes in key personnel.

Other Intangible Assets, net

Other intangible assets represent assets with finite lives that are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The Company evaluates other intangible assets on a periodic basis to determine whether events or circumstances warrant a revision to their remaining useful lives. In addition, other intangible assets are reviewed for impairment when circumstances change that would indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Assumptions and estimates about future values and remaining useful lives of intangible assets are complex and subjective, and can be affected by a variety of factors, including external factors such as industry and economic trends, and internal factors, such as changes in the Company's business strategy and forecasts. Although management believes the historical assumptions and estimates are reasonable and appropriate, different assumptions and estimates could materially impact reported financial results.

For both goodwill and intangible assets, future events may indicate differences from management’s judgments and estimates which could, in turn, result in impairment charges. Future events that may result in impairment charges include extended unfavorable economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic (“COVID-19”), increases in interest rates, which would impact discount rates, or other factors which could decrease revenues and profitability of existing locations and changes in the cost structure of existing facilities, such as increasing labor and benefit costs.

Long-Lived Assets

The Company evaluates long-lived assets, including ROU assets, leasehold improvements, equipment and construction in progress, for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. The Company groups assets at the lowest level for which cash flows are separately identified in order to measure an impairment. Events or circumstances that would result in an impairment review include a significant change in the use of an asset, the planned sale or disposal of an asset, or a projection or forecast that demonstrates continuing losses associated with the use of a long-lived asset or asset group. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset or asset group to future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or asset group. If the asset or asset group is determined to be impaired, the impairment recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying value of the asset or asset group exceeds its fair value.

Assumptions and estimates used to determine cash flows in the evaluation of impairment and the fair values used to determine the impairment are subject to a degree of judgment and complexity. Any future changes to the assumptions and estimates resulting from changes in actual results or market conditions from those anticipated may affect the carrying value of long-lived assets and could result in impairment charges. Future events that may result in impairment charges include extended unfavorable economic impacts of COVID-19, or other factors which could decrease revenues and profitability of existing locations.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company adopted the following Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”), none of which had a material impact on the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements or financial statement disclosures.

 

ASU

Topic

Method of Adoption

2021-10

Government Assistance (Topic 832): Disclosure by Business Entities about Government Assistance

Prospective

2021-08

Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers

Prospective