Income Taxes	9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2015
Income Taxes
Income Taxes	12. Income Taxes For the three months ended September 30, 2015, the Company recognized an income tax expense of $3,516 on pre-tax earnings of $8,001 compared to $2,763 income tax expense on pre-tax earnings of $7,850 for the three months ended September 30, 2014. For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company recognized income tax expense of $4,466 on pre-tax earnings of $21,286 compared to $421 income tax benefit on pre-tax earnings of $15,653 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 was 21.0% compared to a benefit of 2.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 increased primarily as a result of the reduction of valuation allowances for deferred tax assets established for historical net operating losses in the nine months ended September 30, 2015, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2014. During the nine months ended September 30, 2015 the Company recognized a $4,607 discrete benefit primarily for the reversal of a valuation allowance for a deferred tax asset established for historical net operating losses attributable to the City of New York, New York (“New York City”). The valuation allowance was reversed in the second quarter of 2015 due to the New York City law changes enacted April 1, 2015, which resulted in the Company determining that the future benefit of net operating loss carryforwards was more likely than not to be recognized. During the nine months ended September 30, 2014 the Company recognized a $6,359 discrete benefit for the reversal of a valuation allowance for a deferred tax asset established for historical net operating losses attributable to the State of New York. As of September 30, 2015, the Company has not identified any uncertain tax positions that would have a material impact on the Company’s financial position. The Company recognizes potential interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions, if any, in income tax expense. The tax years that remain subject to examination for the Company’s major tax jurisdictions at September 30, 2015 are shown below: 2011 – 2014United States — federal income tax 2007 – 2014United States — state and local income tax 2011 – 2014Canada

Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

12. Income Taxes

For the three months ended September 30, 2015, the Company recognized an income tax expense of $3,516 on pre-tax earnings of $8,001 compared to $2,763 income tax expense on pre-tax earnings of $7,850 for the three months ended September 30, 2014. For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company recognized income tax expense of $4,466 on pre-tax earnings of $21,286 compared to $421 income tax benefit on pre-tax earnings of $15,653 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 was 21.0% compared to a benefit of 2.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2014.

The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 increased primarily as a result of the reduction of valuation allowances for deferred tax assets established for historical net operating losses in the nine months ended September 30, 2015, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2014. During the nine months ended September 30, 2015 the Company recognized a $4,607 discrete benefit primarily for the reversal of a valuation allowance for a deferred tax asset established for historical net operating losses attributable to the City of New York, New York (“New York City”). The valuation allowance was reversed in the second quarter of 2015 due to the New York City law changes enacted April 1, 2015, which resulted in the Company determining that the future benefit of net operating loss carryforwards was more likely than not to be recognized. During the nine months ended September 30, 2014 the Company recognized a $6,359 discrete benefit for the reversal of a valuation allowance for a deferred tax asset established for historical net operating losses attributable to the State of New York.

As of September 30, 2015, the Company has not identified any uncertain tax positions that would have a material impact on the Company’s financial position. The Company recognizes potential interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions, if any, in income tax expense.

The tax years that remain subject to examination for the Company’s major tax jurisdictions at September 30, 2015 are shown below:

2011 – 2014United States — federal income tax

2007 – 2014United States — state and local income tax

2011 – 2014Canada