Benefit Plans

Deferred Compensation Arrangements

The Company offers deferred compensation arrangements for certain key executives. Subject to their continued employment by the Company, certain employees are offered supplemental pension arrangements in which the employees will receive a defined monthly benefit upon attaining age 65. The Company has accrued $3.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, representing the present value of the future benefit payments. Expenses related to these plans amounted to $nil, $0.2 million and $0.2 million in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The Company also has agreements with certain former key executives that provide for aggregate annual payments for periods ranging from 10 years to life, beginning when the executive retires or upon death or disability. Under certain conditions, the amount of deferred benefits can be reduced. Compensation cost for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $0.2 million, $0.6 million and $0.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company has recorded a liability of $2.6 million and $2.7 million associated with these agreements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Life insurance contracts with a face value of approximately $6.7 million as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 have been purchased to fund, as necessary, the benefits under the Company's deferred compensation agreements. The cash surrender value of the life insurance contracts is approximately $4.0 million and $3.9 million as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and classified as non-current assets and included in Other assets, net within the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The plan is a non-qualified plan and is not subject to ERISA funding requirements.

Defined Contribution Plans

The Company sponsors a savings and retirement plans whereby the participants may elect to contribute a portion of their compensation to the plans. The plan is a qualified defined contribution plan 401(k). The Company contributes an amount in cash or other property as a Company match equal to 50% of the first 6% of contributions as they occur. Expenses related to the Company's 401(k) match amounted to $2.1 million, $1.9 million, and $2.1 million in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The Company also offers a non-qualified deferred compensation plan to those employees whose participation in its 401(k) plan is limited by statute or regulation. This plan allows certain employees to defer a portion of their compensation, limited to a maximum of $0.1 million per year, to be paid to the participants upon separation of employment or distribution date selected by employee. To support the non-qualified deferred compensation plan, the Company has elected to purchase Company Owned Life Insurance ("COLI") policies on certain plan participants. The cash surrender value of the COLI policies is designed to provide a source for funding the non-qualified deferred compensation liability. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the cash surrender value of the COLI policies is $14.1 million and $12.2 million, respectively, and classified as non-current assets in Other Assets, net within the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The liability for the non-qualified deferred compensation plan is included in Other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and was $16.3 million and $14.7 million as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Multi-Employer Defined Benefit and Contribution Plans

The Company contributes to a number of multiemployer defined benefit plans under the terms of collective-bargaining agreements that cover its union-represented employees. The risks of participating in these multiemployer plans are different from single-employer plans in the following aspects:


•	Assets contributed to the multiemployer plan by one employer may be used to provide benefits to employees of other participating employers.


•	If a participating employer stops contributing to the plan, the unfunded obligations of the plan may be borne by the remaining participating employers.


•	If the Company chooses to stop participating in one of its multiemployer plans, it may be required to pay the plan an amount based on the underfunded status of the plan, referred to as withdrawal liability.

The Company's contributions represented more than 5% of total contributions to the Teamsters Local Union No. 727 and Local 272 Labor Management Benefit Funds for the plan year ending February 29, 2017 and November 30, 2017, respectively. The Company does not represent more than five percent to any other fund. The Company's participation in this plan for the annual periods ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, is outlined in the table below. The "EIN/Pension Plan Number" column provides the Employee Identification Number ("EIN") and the three-digit plan number, if applicable. The zone status is based on information that the Company received from the plan and is certified by the plan's actuary. Among other factors, plans in the red zone are generally less than 65 percent funded, plans in the yellow zone are less than 80 percent funded, and plans in the green zone are at least 80 percent funded. The "FIP/RP Status Pending/Implemented" column indicates plans for which a Financial Improvement Plan ("FIP") or a Rehabilitation Plan ("RP") is either pending or has been implemented.

The "Expiration Date of Collective Bargaining Agreement" column lists the expiration dates of the agreements to which the plans are subject.



	EIN/ Pension Plan Number	Pension Protection Zone Status			FIP/FR Pending Implementation	Contributions (millions)							Zone Status as of the Most Recent Annual Report	Expiration Date of Collective Bargaining Agreement
Pension	EIN/ Pension Plan Number	2017	2016	2015	FIP/FR Pending Implementation	2017		2016		2015		Surcharge Imposed	Zone Status as of the Most Recent Annual Report	Expiration Date of Collective Bargaining Agreement
Teamsters Local Union 727	36-61023973	Green	Green	Green	N/A	$	3.4	$	3.5	$	3.5	No	2017	10/31/2021
Local 272 Labor Management	13-5673836	Green	Green	Green	N/A	$	1.6	$	1.5	$	2.2	No	2017	3/5/2021

Net expenses for contributions not reimbursed by clients and related to multiemployer defined benefit and defined contribution benefit plans were $2.0 million, $3.3 million and $4.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

In the event that the Company decides to cease participating in these plans, the Company could be assessed a withdrawal liability. The Company currently does not have any intentions to cease participating in these multiemployer pension plans and therefore would not trigger the withdrawal liability.