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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $5.1 million on pre-tax book loss of $20.9 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of approximately 24.3%. For the three months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded an income tax expense of $6.6 million on pre-tax book income of $23.0 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of approximately 28.9%.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $18.6 million on pre-tax book loss of $78.1 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of approximately 23.8%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded an income tax expense of $23.5 million on pre-tax book income of $83.1 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of approximately 28.2%.
The difference between the effective tax rate and the federal statutory rate of 21.0% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily relates to state and local income taxes and the effect of certain statutory non-deductible expenses.
The difference between the effective tax rate and the federal statutory rate of 21.0% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 primarily relates to state and local income taxes, the effect of certain statutory non-deductible expenses, excess tax benefits related to share-based compensation awards, and the tax effect of changes in uncertain tax positions.
The Company recognizes the benefits of deferred tax assets only as its assessment indicates that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes ("ASC 740"). The Company reviews the available positive and negative evidence to estimate whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to utilize existing deferred tax assets. As of September 30, 2020, the Company has not recorded a valuation allowance since the Company continues to believe, on the basis of its evaluation, that its deferred tax assets meet the more likely than not recognition standard for recovery. The Company will continue to monitor the valuation of deferred tax assets, which requires judgment in assessing the likely future tax consequences of events that are recognized in the Company's financial statements or tax returns as well as judgment in projecting future profitability.
On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (the "CARES Act") was signed into law. Among other provisions, the law provides relief to U.S. federal corporate taxpayers through temporary adjustments to net operating loss rules, changes to limitations on interest expense deductibility, and technical corrections to qualified improvement property. The Company recognized the effect of the changes in tax law on existing deferred tax assets and liabilities in income from continuing operations in the three and nine months period ended September 30, 2020. The new legislation is retroactive. As a result, the effective tax rate for the current period and income taxes payable or receivable for the prior annual period was adjusted for the three month period ended September 30, 2020.