Revenue

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue

Revenue

Revenue Recognition

We recognize the majority of our revenue, primarily relating to Proprietary Products product sales, at a point in time, following the transfer of control of our products to our customers, which typically occurs upon shipment or delivery, depending on the terms of the related agreements.

We recognize revenue relating to our Contract-Manufactured Products product sales and certain Proprietary Products product sales over time, as our performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to us and we have an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date.

We recognize revenue relating to our development and tooling agreements over time, as our performance creates or enhances an asset that the customer controls as the asset is created or enhanced.

For revenue recognized over time, revenue is recognized by applying a method of measuring progress toward complete satisfaction of the related performance obligation. When selecting the method for measuring progress, we select the method that best depicts the transfer of control of goods or services promised to our customers.

Revenue for our Contract-Manufactured Products product sales, certain Proprietary Products product sales, and our development and tooling agreements is recorded under an input method, which recognizes revenue on the basis of our efforts or inputs to the satisfaction of a performance obligation (for example, resources consumed, labor hours expended, costs incurred, time elapsed, or machine hours used) relative to the total expected inputs to the satisfaction of that performance obligation. The input method that we use is based on costs incurred.

The majority of the performance obligations within our contracts are satisfied within one year or less. Performance obligations satisfied beyond one year include those relating to a nonrefundable customer payment of $20.0 million received in June 2013 in return for the exclusive use of the SmartDose® technology platform within a specific therapeutic area. As of December 31, 2023, there was $2.2 million of deferred income related to this payment, of which $0.9 million was included in other current liabilities and $1.3 million was included in other long-term liabilities. The deferred income is being recognized as income on a straight-line basis over the remaining term of the agreement. The agreement does not include a future minimum purchase commitment from the customer.

Our revenue can be generated from contracts with multiple performance obligations. When a sales agreement involves multiple performance obligations, each obligation is separately identified and the transaction price is allocated based on the amount of consideration we expect to be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised good or service to the customer.

Some customers receive pricing rebates upon attaining established sales volumes. We record rebate costs when sales occur based on our assessment of the likelihood that the required volumes will be attained. We also maintain an allowance for product returns, as we believe that we are able to reasonably estimate the amount of returns based on our substantial historical experience and specific identification of customer claims.

The following table presents the approximate percentage of our net sales by market group:

	2023		2022		2021
Biologics	37	%	41	%	41	%
Generics	20	%	18	%	17	%
Pharma	24	%	24	%	24	%
Contract-Manufactured Products	19	%	17	%	18	%
	100	%	100	%	100	%

The following table presents the approximate percentage of our net sales by product category:

	2023		2022		2021
High-Value Product Components	50	%	55	%	54	%
High-Value Product Delivery Devices	10	%	5	%	5	%
Standard Packaging	21	%	23	%	23	%
Contract-Manufactured Products	19	%	17	%	18	%
	100	%	100	%	100	%

Due to the Company's reassessment of product categories, beginning in the second quarter of 2023, certain product types have been moved from High-Value Product Components to High-Value Product Delivery Devices. No adjustments were made to the product categorization prior to the second quarter of 2023.

The following table presents the approximate percentage of our net sales by geographic location:

	2023		2022		2021
Americas	45	%	48	%	45	%
Europe, Middle East, Africa	46	%	43	%	45	%
Asia Pacific	9	%	9	%	10	%
	100	%	100	%	100	%

Contract Assets and Liabilities

Contract assets and liabilities result from transactions with revenue primarily recorded over time. If the measure of remaining rights exceeds the measure of the remaining performance obligations, we record a contract asset. Contract assets are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet in accounts receivable, net, and other assets (current and noncurrent portions, respectively). Contract assets included in accounts receivable, net, relate to the unbilled amounts of our product sales for which we have recognized revenue over time. Contract assets included in other assets represent the remaining performance obligations of our development and tooling agreements. Conversely, if the measure of the remaining performance obligations exceeds the measure of the remaining rights, we record a contract liability. Contract liabilities are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet within other liabilities (current and noncurrent portions, respectively) and represent cash payments received in advance of our performance.

The following table summarizes our contract assets and liabilities, excluding amounts included in accounts receivable, net:

	($ in millions)
Contract assets, December 31, 2022	$	16.3
Contract assets, December 31, 2023	21.5
Change in contract assets - increase (decrease)	$	5.2
Deferred income, December 31, 2022	$	(68.2)
Deferred income, December 31, 2023	(53.9)
Change in deferred income - decrease (increase)	$	14.3

Contract assets are included within other current assets and deferred income is included within other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities. The decrease in deferred income during 2023 was primarily due to the recognition of current year revenue of $47.2 million and the recognition of $37.4 million of revenue that was included in deferred income at the beginning of the year, partially offset by additional cash payments of $72.6 million received in advance of satisfying future performance obligations.