Derivative Financial Instruments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivative Financial Instruments

Derivative Financial Instruments

Our ongoing business operations expose us to various risks such as fluctuating interest rates, foreign exchange rates and increasing commodity prices. To manage these market risks, we periodically enter into derivative financial instruments such as interest rate swaps, options and foreign exchange contracts for periods consistent with and for notional amounts equal to or less than the related underlying exposures. We do not purchase or hold any derivative financial instruments for speculation or trading purposes. All derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value.

Interest Rate Risk

At September 30, 2015, we had a $37.7 million forward-start interest rate swap outstanding that hedges the variability in cash flows due to changes in the applicable interest rate of our variable-rate five-year term loan related to the purchase of our corporate office and research building. Under this swap, we receive variable interest rate payments based on one-month London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus a margin in return for making monthly fixed interest payments at 5.41%. We designated this swap as a cash flow hedge.

Foreign Exchange Rate Risk

During 2015 and 2014, we entered into several foreign currency hedge contracts that were designated as cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions denominated in foreign currencies, which are described in more detail below.

We entered into a series of foreign currency contracts intended to hedge the currency risk associated with a portion of our forecasted U.S. dollar ("USD")-denominated inventory purchases made by certain European subsidiaries, for a total notional amount of €5.3 million ($6.4 million).

We also entered into a series of foreign currency contracts to hedge the currency risk associated with a portion of our forecasted Euro-denominated sales of finished goods by one of our USD functional-currency subsidiaries for a total notional amount of €4.7 million ($5.6 million).

In addition, we entered into several contracts which involve both a written and a purchased option to hedge the currency risk associated with a portion of our forecasted Yen-denominated inventory purchases made by West in the U.S. The notional amounts of these contracts include ¥396.4 million of a derivative asset and ¥396.4 million of a derivative liability, or $3.3 million each.

Lastly, we entered into several contracts which involve both a written and a purchased option to hedge the currency risk associated with a portion of our forecasted Yen-denominated inventory purchases made by certain European subsidiaries. The notional amounts of these contracts include ¥214.1 million of a derivative asset and ¥214.1 million of a derivative liability, or $1.8 million each.

At September 30, 2015, a portion of our debt consisted of borrowings denominated in currencies other than USD. We have designated our €61.1 million ($68.7 million) Euro note B and our €21.0 million ($23.6 million) Euro-denominated borrowings under our multi-currency revolving credit facility as a hedge of our net investment in certain European subsidiaries. A cumulative foreign currency translation gain of $15.0 million pre-tax ($9.5 million after tax) on this debt was recorded within accumulated other comprehensive loss as of September 30, 2015. We have also designated our ¥500.0 million ($4.2 million) Yen-denominated borrowings under our multi-currency revolving credit facility as a hedge of our net investment in Daikyo. At September 30, 2015, there was a cumulative foreign currency translation gain on this Yen-denominated debt of $1.2 million pre-tax ($0.8 million after tax) which was also included within accumulated other comprehensive loss.

Commodity Price Risk

Many of our Packaging Systems products are made from synthetic elastomers, which are derived from the petroleum refining process. We purchase the majority of our elastomers via long-term supply contracts, some of which contain clauses that provide for surcharges related to fluctuations in crude oil prices. The following economic hedges did not qualify for hedge accounting treatment since they did not meet the highly effective requirement at inception.

In November 2014, we purchased a series of call options for a total of 134,700 barrels of crude oil to mitigate our exposure to such oil-based surcharges and protect operating cash flows with regard to a portion of our forecasted elastomer purchases through December 2015. With these contracts we may benefit from a decline in crude oil prices, as there is no downward exposure other than the $0.1 million premium that we paid to purchase the contracts.

During the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2015, the loss recorded in cost of goods and services sold related to these call options was less than $0.1 million.

Effects of Derivative Instruments on Financial Position and Results of Operations

The following tables summarize the effects of derivative instruments designated as hedges on other comprehensive income (“OCI”) and earnings, net of tax:

	Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI for					Amount of (Gain) Loss Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income for						Location of (Gain) Loss Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income
	Three Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions)	2015			2014		2015			2014
Cash Flow Hedges:
Foreign currency hedge contracts	$	—		$	0.5	$	(0.4	)	$	(0.2	)	Net sales
Foreign currency hedge contracts	(0.3		)	0.2		—			—			Cost of goods and services sold
Interest rate swap contracts	(0.1		)	0.1		0.3			0.4			Interest expense
Forward treasury locks	—			—		0.1			0.1			Interest expense
Total	$	(0.4	)	$	0.8	$	—		$	0.3
Net Investment Hedges:
Foreign currency-denominated debt	$	(0.8	)	$	5.1	$	—		$	—		Other expense
Total	$	(0.8	)	$	5.1	$	—		$	—

	Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI for						Amount of (Gain) Loss Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income for						Location of (Gain) Loss Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income
	Nine Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions)	2015			2014			2015			2014
Cash Flow Hedges:
Foreign currency hedge contracts	$	1.4		$	0.4		$	(1.1	)	$	(0.1	)	Net sales
Foreign currency hedge contracts	0.3			0.3			—			—			Cost of goods and services sold
Interest rate swap contracts	(0.4		)	(0.2		)	1.1			1.2			Interest expense
Forward treasury locks	—			—			0.2			0.2			Interest expense
Total	$	1.3		$	0.5		$	0.2		$	1.3
Net Investment Hedges:
Foreign currency-denominated debt	$	4.7		$	5.6		$	—		$	—		Other expense
Total	$	4.7		$	5.6		$	—		$	—

For the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2015 and 2014, there was no material ineffectiveness related to our hedges.