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ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Principles of Consolidation
Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements and footnotes include the accounts of Mannatech and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires the use of estimates that affect the reported value of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. These estimates are based on historical experience and various other factors. The Company continually evaluates the information used to make these estimates as the business and economic environment changes. Historically, actual results have not varied materially from the Company’s estimates and the Company does not currently anticipate a significant change in its assumptions related to these estimates. However, actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

The use of estimates is pervasive throughout the consolidated financial statements, but the accounting policies and estimates considered the most significant are described in this note to the consolidated financial statements, Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company includes in its cash and cash equivalents credit card receivables due from its credit card processor, as the cash proceeds from credit card receivables are received within 24 to 72 hours. As of June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, credit card receivables were $2.4 million and $0.7 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, cash and cash equivalents held in bank accounts in foreign countries totaled $17.0 million and $18.2 million, respectively. The Company invests cash in liquid instruments, such as money market funds and interest-bearing deposits. The Company also holds cash in high quality financial institutions and does not believe it has an excessive exposure to credit concentration risk.
Restricted Cash The Company is required to restrict cash for: (i) direct selling insurance premiums and credit card sales in the Republic of Korea; (ii) reserve on credit card sales in the United States and Canada; and (iii) the Australia building lease collateral. As of June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, our total restricted cash was $5.2 million and $6.2 million, respectively.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are carried at their estimated collectible amounts. Receivables are created upon shipment of an order if the credit card payment is rejected or does not match the order total. As of June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, receivables consisted primarily of amounts due from preferred customers and associates. As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company's accounts receivable balance (net of allowance) was $0.3 million and $1.0 million, respectively. The Company periodically evaluates its receivables for collectability based on historical experience, recent account activities, and the length of time receivables are past due and writes-off receivables when they become uncollectible. At each of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company held an allowance for doubtful accounts of $0.7 million.
Inventories
Inventories

Inventories consist of raw materials, finished goods, and promotional materials that are stated at the lower of cost (using standard costs that approximate average costs) or net realizable value. The Company periodically reviews inventories for obsolescence and any inventories identified as obsolete are reserved or written off.
Other Assets
Other Assets

As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, other assets were $12.0 million and $9.6 million, respectively . These amounts primarily consisted of right-of-use assets related to office building and equipment leases, net of lease incentives, of $7.3 million and $5.6 million as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. See Note 8, Leases for more information on these assets. Also included in Other Assets were deposits for building leases in various locations of $2.0 million and $2.2 million as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Additionally, included in the June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 balances were $2.5 million and $1.6 million, respectively, representing a deposit with Mutual Aid Cooperative and Consumer in the Republic of Korea, an organization established by the Republic of Korea’s Fair Trade Commission to protect consumers who participate in network marketing activities. Finally, each of the June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 balances included $0.2 million of indefinite lived intangible assets relating to the Manapol® powder trademark.
Notes Payable
Notes Payable

Notes payable were $1.0 million and $1.1 million as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, as a result of funding from a capital financing agreement related to our investment in leasehold improvements, computer hardware and software and other financing arrangements. At June 30, 2020, the current portion was $0.9 million. At December 31, 2019, the current portion was $0.7 million.
On April 10, 2020, the Company received loan proceeds of $2.2 million (the “Loan”) under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”). The PPP was established under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), enacted on March 27, 2020, and is administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (the “SBA”) The Loan to the Company was made through JPMorgan Chase Bank, N. A., the Company’s existing banker (the “Lender”). At the time the Company applied for and received the Loan, the Company planned to use the Loan proceeds for covered payroll costs, rent and utilities in accordance with the relevant terms and conditions of the CARES Act. After the Company received the proceeds of the Loan, the SBA provided subsequent guidance interpreting the PPP. Based on such subsequent guidance, the Company made the determination to repay the Loan in full, which it did on April 30, 2020.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenue is derived from sales of individual products and associate fees or, in certain geographic markets, starter packs. Substantially all of the Company’s product sales are made at published wholesale prices to associates and preferred customers. The Company records revenue net of any sales taxes and records a reserve for expected sales returns based on its historical experience. The Company recognizes revenue from shipped products when control of the product transfers to the customer, thus the performance obligation is satisfied. Corporate-sponsored event revenue is recognized when the event is held.
Revenues from associate fees relate to providing associates with the right to earn commissions, benefits and incentives for an annual period. Revenue from software tools included in the first contractual year is recognized over three months and revenue from associate fees is recognized over 12 months (see Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations for recognition guidelines). Almost all orders are paid via credit card. See Note 10, Segment Information, for disaggregation of revenues by geographic segment and type.
The Company collected associate fees within the United States, Canada, South Africa, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Austria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, the Republic of Ireland, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

        Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations

Orders placed by associates or preferred customers constitute our contracts. Product sales placed in the form of an automatic order contain two performance obligations: (a) the sale of the product and (b) the loyalty program. For these contracts, the Company accounts for each of these obligations separately as they are each distinct. The transaction price is allocated between the product sale and the loyalty program on a relative standalone selling price basis. Sales placed through a one-time order contain only the first performance obligation noted above - the sale of the product.

The Company provides associates with access to a complimentary three-month package for the Success TrackerTM and Mannatech+ online business tools with the first payment of an associate fee. The first payment of an associate fee contains three performance obligations: (a) the associate fee, whereby the Company provides an associate with the right to earn commissions, bonuses and incentives for a year; (b) three months of complimentary access to utilize the Success Tracker™ online tool; and (c) three months of complimentary access to utilize the Mannatech+ online business tool. The transaction price is allocated between the three performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis. Associates do not have complimentary access to online business tools after the first contractual period.

With regards to both of the aforementioned contracts, the Company determines the standalone selling prices based on our overall pricing objectives, taking into consideration market conditions and other factors, including the value of the contracts.
Commissions and Incentives
Commissions and Incentives

Associates earn commissions and incentives based on their direct and indirect commissionable net sales over each month of the fiscal year. The Company accrues commissions and incentives when earned by associates and pays commissions on product and pack sales on a monthly basis.
Comprehensive Income and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive Income and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources and includes all changes in equity during a period except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. The Company’s comprehensive income consists of the Company’s net income, foreign currency translation adjustments from its Japan, Republic of Korea, Taiwan, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Colombia, Mexico and China operations, remeasurement of intercompany balances classified as equity in its Korea, Mexico, Colombia, and Cyprus operations, and changes in the pension obligation for its Japanese employees.
Recently Adopted and Issued But Not Yet Effective Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

        The Company adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) ("ASU 2016-02") as of January 1, 2019 and applied it on a modified retrospective basis approach and elected to not adjust periods prior to January 1, 2019. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which, among other things, allowed the carry forward of the historical lease classification. This new standard requires companies to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 offers specific accounting guidance for a lessee, a lessor and sale and leaseback transactions. Lessees and lessors are required to disclose qualitative and quantitative information about leasing arrangements to enable a user of the financial statements to assess the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The adoption increased assets, net of incentive, by $4.7 million and liabilities by $6.1 million on our consolidated balance sheets and did not have a significant impact on our consolidated statement of operations and statements of cash flows. These leases primarily relate to office buildings and office equipment. See Note 8, Leases for more information.

        
In February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income, Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) ("ASU 2018-02"), which amended its standard on comprehensive income to provide an option for an entity to reclassify the stranded tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "TCJA") that was passed in December of 2017 from accumulated other comprehensive income directly to retained earnings.  The stranded tax effects result from the remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities which were originally recorded in comprehensive income but whose remeasurement is reflected in the income statement.  This is a one-time amendment applicable only to the changes resulting from the TCJA. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2019. The overall financial impact of adopting this standard did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
        Accounting Pronouncements Issued But Not Yet Effective

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("ASU 2016-13"). This standard adds to U.S. GAAP an impairment model (known as the current expected credit loss ("CECL") model that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. Under the new guidance, an entity recognizes as an allowance its estimate of expected credit losses, which is intended to result in the more timely recognition of losses. Under the CECL model, entities will estimate credit losses over the entire contractual term of the instrument (considering estimated prepayments, but not expected extensions or modifications) from the date of initial recognition of the financial instrument. Measurement of expected credit losses are to be based on relevant forecasts that affect collectability. The scope of financial assets within the CECL methodology is broad and includes trade receivables from certain revenue transactions and certain off-balance sheet credit exposures. Different components of the guidance require modified retrospective or prospective adoption. ASU 2019-10 deferred the effective date of ASU 2016-13 for all entities except SEC filers that are not smaller reporting companies. Accordingly, this standard will be effective for the Company as of January 1, 2023. While our review is ongoing, we believe ASU 2016-13 will only have applicability to our receivables from revenue transactions. Under ASC 606, revenue is recognized when, among other criteria, it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration to which it is entitled for goods or services transferred to a customer. At the point that trade receivables are recorded, they become subject to the CECL model and estimates of expected credit losses on trade receivables over their contractual life will be required to be recorded at inception based on historical information, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The Company is currently evaluating whether the new guidance will have an impact on our consolidated financial statements or existing internal controls.

        Other recently issued accounting pronouncements did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company’s present or future financial statements.
Fair Value
The Company utilizes fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain financial assets and to determine fair value disclosures.

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure (Topic 820) of the FASB establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires the use of observable market data, when available, and prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value in the following categories:
Level 1 – Quoted unadjusted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-derived valuations in which all observable inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets.
Level 3 – Model-derived valuations in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable, including assumptions developed by the Company.
The primary objective of the Company’s investment activities is to preserve principal while maximizing yields without significantly increasing risk. The investment instruments held by the Company are money market funds and interest-bearing deposits for which quoted market prices are readily available. The Company considers these highly liquid investments to be cash equivalents. These investments are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued based on quoted market prices in active markets.
Accrued Expenses Accrued Expenses At each of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, accrued expenses were $8.2 million. These amounts primarily consisted of $2.3 million representing employee benefits, which included accrued wages, bonus and severance at each of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Also included in the June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 balances were non-inventory accrued liabilities of $2.4 million and $2.2 million, respectively. Additionally, included in the June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 balances were $1.9 million and $1.6 million for the current portion of lease liabilities, respectively, and $0.8 million and $0.9 million for accrued auditing and accounting fees, respectively. At June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 other accrued expenses were $0.7 million and $1.2 million, respectively.