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Retirement Plans
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Compensation and Retirement Disclosure [Abstract]  
Retirement Plans
RETIREMENT PLANS
Defined Benefit Plans
Our United Kingdom subsidiary has a defined benefit pension plan covering all eligible employees (the “UK Plan”); however, no individual joining the company after October 31, 2001 may participate in the plan. On May 31, 2010, we curtailed the future accrual of benefits for active employees under this plan.
We account for our UK Plan and other defined benefit plans in accordance with ASC 715, “Compensation-Retirement Benefits” (“ASC 715”). ASC 715 requires that (a) the funded status, which is measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligations, be recorded in our balance sheet with a corresponding adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and (b) gains and losses for the differences between actuarial assumptions and actual results, and unrecognized service costs, be recognized through accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). These amounts will be subsequently recognized as net periodic pension cost.
The change in benefit obligations and assets of the UK Plan for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 consisted of the following components (in thousands):
 
 
2012
 
2011
Change in pension benefit obligation
 
 
 
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
$
265,061

 
$
249,848

Interest cost
12,460

 
13,286

Actuarial loss
21,642

 
12,509

Benefits paid
(9,543
)
 
(9,198
)
Foreign currency exchange rate changes
12,686

 
(1,384
)
Benefit obligation at end of year
302,306

 
265,061

Change in pension plan assets
 

 
 

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
204,080

 
212,933

Actual return on plan assets
29,231

 
(4,936
)
Employer contributions
5,933

 
5,824

Benefits paid
(9,543
)
 
(9,198
)
Foreign currency exchange rate changes
9,949

 
(543
)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year
239,650

 
204,080

Funded status at end of year
$
(62,656
)
 
$
(60,981
)

Amounts not yet reflected in net periodic pension cost and included in Accumulated other comprehensive loss:
 
 
2012
 
2011
Unrecognized losses
$
104,556

 
$
97,093


The underfunded status of the UK Plan of $62.7 million and $61.0 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, is included in “Other long-term obligations” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. No plan assets are expected to be returned to us during the year ended December 31, 2013.

The weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:
 
 
2012
 
2011
Discount rate
4.3
%
 
4.7
%

The weighted average assumptions used to determine net periodic pension cost for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Discount rate
4.7
%
 
5.3
%
 
5.6
%
Annual rate of return on plan assets
6.7
%
 
6.7
%
 
7.0
%

For 2012, the annual rate of return on plan assets has been determined by modeling possible returns using the actuary's portfolio return calculator. This models the long term expected returns of the various asset classes held in the portfolio and allows for the additional benefits of holding a diversified portfolio. The annual rate of return on plan assets for 2011 and 2010 was based on the yield of risk-free bonds, plus an estimated equity-risk premium, at each year's measurement date. This annual rate approximates the historical annual return on plan assets and considers the expected asset allocation between equity and debt securities. For measurement purposes of the liability, the annual rates of inflation of covered pension benefits assumed for 2012 and 2011 were 2.0% and 2.2%, respectively.
The components of net periodic pension cost of the UK Plan for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows (in thousands):
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Service cost
$

 
$

 
$
1,458

Interest cost
12,460

 
13,286

 
13,399

Expected return on plan assets
(13,058
)
 
(13,454
)
 
(12,245
)
Amortization of unrecognized loss
2,433

 
1,555

 
2,914

Net periodic pension cost
$
1,835

 
$
1,387

 
$
5,526


The estimated unrecognized loss for the UK Plan that will be amortized from Accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic pension cost over the next year is approximately $2.7 million.
UK Plan Assets
The weighted average asset allocations and weighted average target allocations at December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:
 
Asset Category
Target
Asset
Allocation 
 
December 31,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
Equity securities
65.0
%
 
63.8
%
 
64.1
%
Debt securities
35.0
%
 
35.8
%
 
35.8
%
Cash
%
 
0.4
%
 
0.1
%
Total
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%

Plan assets of our UK Plan are invested in marketable equity and equity like securities through various funds. These funds invest in a diverse geographical range of investments, including the United Kingdom, the United States and other international locations, such as Asia-Pacific and other European locations. Debt securities are invested in funds that invest in UK corporate bonds and UK government bonds.

The following tables set forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy discussed in Note 11 - Fair Value Measurements, the assets of the UK Plan at fair value as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands):
 
 
Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2012
Asset Category
    Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Equity and equity like investments
$

 
$
147,957

 
$
4,996

 
$
152,953

Corporate bonds

 
62,534

 

 
62,534

Government bonds

 
23,227

 

 
23,227

Cash
936

 

 

 
936

Total
$
936

 
$
233,718

 
$
4,996

 
$
239,650

 
 
Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2011
Asset Category
    Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Equity and equity like investments
$

 
$
126,128

 
$
4,690

 
$
130,818

Corporate bonds

 
50,140

 

 
50,140

Government bonds

 
22,990

 

 
22,990

Cash
132

 

 

 
132

Total
$
132

 
$
199,258

 
$
4,690

 
$
204,080


In regards to the plan assets of our UK Plan, investment amounts have been allocated within the fair value hierarchy across all three levels. The characteristics of the assets that sit within each level are summarized as follows:
Level 1-This asset represents cash.
Level 2-These assets are a combination of the following:
(a)
Assets that are not exchange traded but have a unit price that is based on the net asset value of the fund. The unit prices are not quoted but the underlying assets held by the fund are either:
(i)
held in a variety of listed investments
(ii)
held in UK treasury bonds or corporate bonds with the asset value being based on fixed income streams. Some of the underlying bonds are also listed on regulated markets.
It is the value of the underlying assets that have been used to calculate the unit price of the fund.
(b)
Assets that are not exchange traded but have a unit price that is based on the net asset value of the fund. The unit prices are quoted. The underlying assets within these funds comprise cash or assets that are listed on a regulated market (i.e. the values are based on observable market data) and it is these values that are used to calculate the unit price of the fund.
Level 3-Assets that are not exchange traded but have a unit price that is based on the net asset value of the fund. The unit prices are not quoted and are not available on any market.






The table below sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the UK Plan's Level 3 assets for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands):  
Equity and Equity Like Investments
2012
 
2011
Start of year balance
$
4,690

 
$
5,003

Actual return on plan assets, relating to assets still held at reporting date
90

 
(302
)
Purchases, sales and settlements, net

 

Change due to exchange rate changes
216

 
(11
)
End of year balance
$
4,996

 
$
4,690


The investment policies and strategies for the plan assets are established by the plan trustees (who are independent of the company) to achieve a reasonable balance between risk, likely return and administration expense, as well as to maintain funds at a level to meet minimum funding requirements. In order to ensure that an appropriate investment strategy is in place, an analysis of the UK Plan's assets and liabilities is completed periodically.
Cash Flows:
Contributions
Our United Kingdom subsidiary expects to contribute approximately $5.7 million to its UK Plan in 2013.
Estimated Future Benefit Payments
The following estimated benefit payments are expected to be paid in the following years (in thousands):
 
Pension
Benefits
2013
$
10,067

2014
10,349

2015
10,639

2016
10,936

2017
11,243

Succeeding five years
61,115


The following table shows certain information for the UK Plan where the accumulated benefit obligation is in excess of plan assets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands):
 
2012
 
2011
Projected benefit obligation
$
302,306

 
$
265,061

Accumulated benefit obligation
$
302,306

 
$
265,061

Fair value of plan assets
$
239,650

 
$
204,080


We also sponsor two U.S. defined benefit plans in which participation by new individuals is frozen. The benefit obligation associated with these plans as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 was approximately $7.1 million and $6.3 million, respectively. The estimated fair value of the plan assets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 was approximately $4.5 million and $4.3 million, respectively. The plan assets are considered Level 1 assets within the fair value hierarchy and are predominantly invested in cash, equities, and equity and bond funds. The pension liability balances as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 are classified as “Other long-term obligations” on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. The measurement date for these two plans is December 31 of each year. The major assumptions used in the actuarial valuations to determine benefit obligations as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 included discount rates of 3.50% and 3.30% for the 2012 period and 4.50% and 4.25% for the 2011 period. Also, included was an expected rate of return of 7.00% and 7.50% for the 2012 and 2011 periods, respectively. The estimated loss for these plans that will be amortized from Accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic pension cost over the next year is approximately $0.4 million. The future estimated benefit payments expected to be paid from the plans for the next ten years is approximately $0.4 million per year.
Multiemployer Plans         
We participate in over 200 multiemployer pension plans (“MEPPs”) that provide retirement benefits to certain union employees in accordance with various collective bargaining agreements (“CBAs”). As one of many participating employers in these MEPPs, we are responsible with the other participating employers for any plan underfunding. Our contributions to a particular MEPP are established by the applicable CBAs; however, our required contributions may increase based on the funded status of an MEPP and legal requirements of the Pension Protection Act of 2006 (the “PPA”), which requires substantially underfunded MEPPs to implement a funding improvement plan (“FIP”) or a rehabilitation plan (“RP”) to improve their funded status. Factors that could impact funded status of an MEPP include, without limitation, investment performance, changes in the participant demographics, decline in the number of contributing employers, changes in actuarial assumptions and the utilization of extended amortization provisions.
An FIP or RP requires a particular MEPP to adopt measures to correct its underfunding status. These measures may include, but are not limited to: (a) an increase in our contribution rate as a signatory to the applicable CBA, (b) a reallocation of the contributions already being made by participating employers for various benefits to individuals participating in the MEPP and/or (c) a reduction in the benefits to be paid to future and/or current retirees. In addition, the PPA requires that a 5% surcharge be levied on employer contributions for the first year commencing shortly after the date the employer receives notice that the MEPP is in critical status and a 10% surcharge on each succeeding year until a CBA is in place with terms and conditions consistent with the RP.
We could also be obligated to make payments to MEPPs if we either cease to have an obligation to contribute to the MEPP or significantly reduce our contributions to the MEPP because we reduce our number of employees who are covered by the relevant MEPP for various reasons, including, but not limited to, layoffs or closure of a subsidiary assuming the MEPP has unfunded vested benefits. The amount of such payments (known as a complete or partial withdrawal liability) would equal our proportionate share of the MEPPs' unfunded vested benefits. We believe that certain of the MEPPs in which we participate may have unfunded vested benefits. Due to uncertainty regarding future factors that could trigger withdrawal liability, as well as the absence of specific information regarding the MEPP's current financial situation, we are unable to determine (a) the amount and timing of any future withdrawal liability, if any, and (b) whether our participation in these MEPPs could have a material adverse impact on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity. We did not record any withdrawal liability for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010.
The following table lists all domestic MEPPs to which our contributions exceeded $2.0 million in 2012. Additionally, this table also lists all domestic MEPPs to which we contributed in 2012 in excess of $0.5 million for MEPPs in the critical status, “red zone” and $1.0 million in the endangered status, “orange or yellow zones”, as defined by the PPA (in thousands):     
Pension Fund
 
EIN/Pension Plan
Number
 
PPA Zone Status (1)
 
FIP/RP
Status
 
Contributions 
 
Contributions greater than 5% of total plan contributions (2)
 
Expiration
date of CBA
 
  2012
 
  2011
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
 
Plumbers & Pipefitters National Pension Fund
 
52-6152779 001
 
Yellow
 
Yellow
 
Implemented
 
$
10,999

 
$
12,351

 
$
9,416

 
No
 
July 2012 to
June 2016
Sheet Metal Workers National Pension Fund
 
52-6112463 001
 
Red
 
Red
 
Implemented
 
9,837

 
9,665

 
7,688

 
No
 
March 2013 to
June 2016
National Electrical Benefit Fund
 
53-0181657 001
 
Green
 
Green
 
N/A
 
7,679

 
8,541

 
8,100

 
No
 
February
2012 to
December 2016
Arizona Pipe Trades Pension Plan
 
86-6025734 001
 
Green
 
Green
 
N/A
 
6,871

 
2,877

 
2,874

 
Yes
 
June 2014
Central Pension Fund of the International Union of Operating Engineers and Participating Employers
 
36-6052390 001
 
Green
 
Green
 
N/A
 
6,076

 
5,392

 
3,847

 
No
 
February
2013 to
March 2016
Pension, Hospitalization & Benefit Plan of the Electrical Industry- Pension Trust Account
 
13-6123601 001
 
Green
 
Green
 
N/A
 
5,722

 
5,364

 
5,291

 
No
 
May 2013 to January 2015
 
 
Pension Fund
 
EIN/Pension Plan
Number
 
PPA Zone Status (1)
 
FIP/RP
Status
 
Contributions
 
Contributions greater than 5% of total plan contributions (2)
 
Expiration
date of CBA
 
  2012
 
  2011
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
 
National Automatic Sprinkler Industry Pension Fund
 
52-6054620 001
 
Red
 
Red
 
Implemented
 
4,952

 
5,452

 
4,825

 
No
 
April 2012 to
June 2014
Eighth District Electrical Pension Fund
 
84-6100393 001
 
Green
 
Green
 
N/A
 
3,890

 
2,159

 
2,267

 
No
 
May 2013 to May 2015
Sheet Metal Workers Pension Plan of Northern California
 
51-6115939 001
 
Red
 
Red
 
Implemented
 
3,881

 
2,604

 
1,831

 
No
 
January 2014 to June 2015
Plumbers Pipefitters & Mechanical Equipment Service Local Union 392 Pension Plan
 
31-0655223 001
 
Red
 
Red
 
Implemented
 
3,848

 
3,332

 
3,174

 
Yes
 
June 2014
Northern California Pipe Trades Pension Plan
 
94-3190386 001
 
Green
 
Green
 
N/A
 
3,582

 
2,596

 
2,464

 
No
 
June 2013 to
June 2015
Southern California Pipe Trades Retirement Fund
 
51-6108443 001
 
Green
 
Green
 
N/A
 
3,443

 
2,903

 
2,944

 
No
 
June 2014 to
August 2015
Southern California IBEW-NECA Pension Trust Fund
 
95-6392774 001
 
Yellow
 
Green
 
Pending
 
3,266

 
3,345

 
2,541

 
No
 
June 2014 to
May 2015
Electrical Workers Local No. 26 Pension Trust Fund
 
52-6117919 001
 
Green
 
Green
 
N/A
 
3,049

 
2,244

 
2,007

 
Yes
 
June 2013 to
May 2015
Boilermaker-Blacksmith National Pension Trust
 
48-6168020 001
 
Yellow
 
Yellow
 
Implemented
 
2,996

 
1,635

 
1,881

 
No
 
March 2013
to September
2015
Pipefitters Union Local 537 Pension Fund
 
51-6030859 001
 
Green
 
Green
 
N/A
 
2,747

 
2,140

 
2,576

 
Yes
 
July 2012 to
August 2013
Pipe Trades District Council No. 36 Pension Trust
 
94-6082956 001
 
Yellow
 
Yellow
 
Pending
 
2,482

 
603

 
599

 
No
 
June 2013 to July 2015
Electrical Contractors Association of the City of Chicago Local Union 134, IBEW Joint Pension Trust of Chicago Pension Plan 2
 
51-6030753 002
 
Green
 
Green
 
N/A
 
2,179

 
3,019

 
1,780

 
No
 
June 2014
Heating, Piping & Refrigeration Pension Fund
 
52-1058013 001
 
Yellow
 
Orange
 
Implemented
 
2,078

 
2,143

 
1,578

 
No
 
July 2013 to September 2013
Local No. 697 IBEW and Electrical Industry Pension Fund
 
51-6133048 001
 
Yellow
 
Yellow
 
Implemented
 
1,757

 
1,557

 
1,383

 
Yes
 
May 2015
Steamfitters Local Union No. 420 Pension Plan
 
23-2004424 001
 
Red
 
Yellow
 
Implemented (3)
 
1,557

 
1,138

 
1,234

 
No
 
April 2013 to
May 2014
Sheet Metal Workers Pension Plan of Southern California, Arizona & Nevada
 
95-6052257 001
 
Red
 
Red
 
Pending (3)
 
1,072

 
1,396

 
1,731

 
No
 
June 2014
Plumbers & Steamfitters Local 150 Pension Fund
 
58-6116699 001
 
Yellow
 
Yellow
 
Implemented
 
1,036

 
659

 

 
Yes
 
September 2013 to March 2016
Plumbing & Pipe Fitting Local 219 Pension Fund
 
34-6682376 001
 
Red
 
Orange
 
Pending (3)
 
936

 
863

 
509

 
Yes
 
May 2015
Plumbers and Steamfitters Local No. 166 AFL - CIO Pension Plan
 
51-6132690 001
 
Red
 
Red
 
Implemented
 
797

 
901

 
930

 
Yes
 
May 2013
Plumbers & Pipefitters Local 162 Pension Fund
 
31-6125999 001
 
Red
 
Yellow
 
Implemented (3)
 
737

 
433

 
448

 
Yes
 
May 2014
Pension Fund
 
EIN/Pension Plan
Number
 
PPA Zone Status (1)
 
FIP/RP
Status
 
Contributions
 
Contributions greater than 5% of total plan contributions (2)
 
Expiration
date of CBA
 
  2012
 
  2011
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
 
Carpenters Pension Trust Fund For Northern California
 
94-6050970 001
 
Red
 
Red
 
Implemented
 
539

 
512

 
313

 
No
 
July 2015
U.A. Local 467 Defined Benefit Plan
 
94-2353807 005
 
Red
 
Red
 
Implemented
 
534

 
396

 
304

 
No
 
June 2013 to July 2014
Other Multiemployer Pension Plans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
40,174

 
43,442

 
45,748

 
 
 
Various
Total Contributions
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
138,716

 
$
129,662

 
$
120,283

 
 
 
 
 

_________________
(1)
The zone status represents the most recent available information for the respective MEPP, which may be 2011 or earlier for the 2012 year and 2010 or earlier for the 2011 year.
(2)
This information was obtained from the respective plans' Form 5500 for the most current available filing. These dates may not correspond with our fiscal year contributions. The above noted percentages of contributions are based upon disclosures contained in the plans' Form 5500 filing (“Forms”). Those Forms, among other things, disclose the names of individual participating employers whose annual contributions account for more than 5% of the aggregate annual amount contributed by all participating employers for a plan year. Accordingly, if the annual contribution of two or more of our subsidiaries each accounted for less than 5% of such contributions, but in the aggregate accounted for in excess of 5% of such contributions, that greater percentage is not available and accordingly is not disclosed.
(3)
For these respective plans, a funding surcharge was currently in effect for 2012.
The nature and diversity of our business may result in volatility of the amount of our contributions to a particular MEPP for any given period. That is because, in any given market, we could be working on a significant project and/or projects, which could result in an increase in our direct labor force and a corresponding increase in our contributions to the MEPP(s) dictated by the applicable CBA. When that particular project(s) finishes and is not replaced, the level of direct labor would also decrease, as would our level of contributions to the particular MEPP(s). Additionally, the level of contributions to a particular MEPP could also be affected by the terms of the CBA, which could require at a particular time, an increase in the contribution rate and/or surcharges. We have also acquired various companies since 2010, some of which participate in MEPPs, and as a result, our level of contributions have increased. As a result of acquisitions made since 2010, our contributions to various MEPPs increased by zero, $5.4 million and $2.5 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
We also participate in two MEPPs that are located within the United Kingdom for which we have contributed $0.3 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010. The information that we have obtained relating to these plans is not as readily available and/or comparable as the information that has been ascertained in the United States. Based upon the most recently available information, one of the plans is over 100% funded, and the other plan is between 65% and 80% funded. A recovery plan has been put in place for the plan that is between 65% and 80% funded, which required higher contribution amounts to be paid by our UK operations.
Additionally, we contribute to certain multiemployer plans that provide post retirement benefits such as health and welfare benefits and/or defined contribution/annuity plans, among others. Our contributions to these plans approximated $76.1 million, $64.2 million and $54.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Acquisitions made since 2010 accounted for an increase in our contributions to these types of plans of zero, $2.5 million and $0.6 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The level of funding for these plans is also subject for the most part to the factors discussed above in conjunction with the MEPPs.
Defined Contribution Plans
We have defined contribution retirement and savings plans that cover eligible employees in the United States. Contributions to these plans are based on a percentage of the employee's base compensation. The expenses recognized for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 for these plans were $20.7 million, $12.8 million and $11.0 million, respectively. The increase in 2012 compared to 2011 was primarily attributable to an increase in matching contributions for one of these plans. At our discretion, we may make additional supplemental matching contributions to a defined contribution retirement and savings plan. The expenses recognized related to additional supplemental matching for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were $3.6 million, $3.0 million and $4.5 million, respectively.


Our United Kingdom subsidiary has defined contribution retirement plans. The expense recognized for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $5.7 million, $6.0 million and $5.1 million, respectively.