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Loans and Loan Servicing
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Loans and Loan Servicing  
Loans and Loan Servicing

(3) Loans and Loan Servicing

        Loans at year-end were as follows:

 
  2011   2010  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Loans held-for-sale:

             

Loans held-for-sale — SBA

  $ 753   $ 8,750  

Loans held-for-sale — other

    413     2,260  
           

Total loans held-for-sale

  $ 1,166   $ 11,010  
           

Loans held-for-investment:

             

Commercial

  $ 366,590   $ 378,412  

Real estate:

             

Commercial and residential

    311,479     337,457  

Land and construction

    23,016     62,356  

Home equity

    52,017     53,697  

Consumer

    11,166     13,244  
           

Loans

    764,268     845,166  

Deferred loan origination costs and fees, net

    323     883  
           

Loans, including deferred costs

    764,591     846,049  

Allowance for loan losses

    (20,700 )   (25,204 )
           

Loans, net

  $ 743,891   $ 820,845  
           

        Prior to February 15, 2011, SBA loans that were sold were subject to a warranty for a period of 90 days. In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, the Company treated sold SBA loans as secured borrowings during the warranty period. The secured borrowings were classified as "short-term borrowings" on the consolidated balance sheets. At December 31, 2010, the balance of loans held-for-sale included $2,445,000 of SBA loans that were transferred to third parties, with associated deferred gains of $194,000, which are included in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. Effective February 15, 2011, the SBA no longer required a warranty period in loan sales agreements. Therefore, gains on loan sales completed after February 15, 2011 are recognized upon completion of the transaction, thus there are no short-term borrowings or deferred gains associated with the SBA loans held-for-sale at December 31, 2011.

        During the second quarter of 2010, the Company identified $31,005,000 of problem real estate loans for sale. These loans were written down by $13,926,000 to reflect the estimated proceeds from the sale, resulting in a net balance of $17,079,000 which was transferred into the loans held-for-sale portfolio. The following table shows the detail of the problem loans transferred to the loans held-for-sale portfolio from June 30, 2010 to December 31, 2010:

 
  Balance
Prior to
Transfer
  Amount
Charged-off
  June 30, 2010
Balance
Transferred
to Loans
Held-for-Sale
  Paydowns /
Sales
  Writedowns   December 31, 2010
Balance
 
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Real estate:

                                     

Commercial and residential

  $ 9,893   $ (2,781 ) $ 7,112   $ (5,032 ) $ (917 ) $ 1,163  

Land and construction

    21,112     (11,145 )   9,967     (8,707 )   (163 )   1,097  
                           

Total

  $ 31,005   $ (13,926 ) $ 17,079   $ (13,739 ) $ (1,080 ) $ 2,260  
                           

        During 2011, activity in the loans held-for-sale — other portfolio included $38,000 in paydowns, $29,000 in writedowns, and $1,780,000 of loan sales, resulting in a balance of $413,000 at December 31, 2011.

        Changes in the allowance for loan losses were as follows:

 
  For the Year Ended December 31, 2011   For the
Year Ended
December 31, 2010
Total
  For the
Year Ended
December 31, 2009
Total
 
 
  Commercial   Real Estate   Consumer   Total  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Balance, beginning of year

  $ 13,952   $ 10,363   $ 889   $ 25,204   $ 28,768   $ 25,007  

Charge-offs

    (7,559 )   (3,356 )   (8 )   (10,923 )   (32,167 )   (31,534 )

Recoveries

    678     1,269     3     1,950     1,799     1,367  
                           

Net charge-offs

    (6,881 )   (2,087 )   (5 )   (8,973 )   (30,368 )   (30,167 )

Provision for loan losses

    6,144     (938 )   (737 )   4,469     26,804     33,928  
                           

Balance, end of year

  $ 13,215   $ 7,338   $ 147   $ 20,700   $ 25,204   $ 28,768  
                           

        The following table presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment, based on the impairment method as follows at year-end:

 
  December 31, 2011  
 
  Commercial   Real Estate   Consumer   Total  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Allowance for loan losses:

                         

Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:

                         

Individually evaluated for impairment

  $ 2,249   $ 76   $ 2   $ 2,327  

Collectively evaluated for impairment

    10,966     7,262     145     18,373  
                   

Total allowance balance

  $ 13,215   $ 7,338   $ 147   $ 20,700  
                   

Loans:

                         

Individually evaluated for impairment

  $ 11,954   $ 5,948   $ 12   $ 17,914  

Collectively evaluated for impairment

    354,636     380,564     11,154     746,354  
                   

Total loan balance

  $ 366,590   $ 386,512   $ 11,166   $ 764,268  
                   

    

                         
 
  December 31, 2010  
 
  Commercial   Real Estate   Consumer   Total  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Allowance for loan losses:

                         

Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:

                         

Individually evaluated for impairment

  $ 3,427   $ 1,855   $ 778   $ 6,060  

Collectively evaluated for impairment

    10,525     8,508     111     19,144  
                   

Total allowance balance

  $ 13,952   $ 10,363   $ 889   $ 25,204  
                   

Loans:

                         

Individually evaluated for impairment

  $ 14,374   $ 16,041   $ 898   $ 31,313  

Collectively evaluated for impairment

    364,038     437,469     12,346     813,853  
                   

Total loan balance

  $ 378,412   $ 453,510   $ 13,244   $ 845,166  
                   

        Impaired loans excluding non-accrual loans held-for-sale were as follows:

 
  2011   2010  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Year-end loans with no allocated allowance for loan losses

  $ 11,068   $ 10,985  

Year-end loans with allocated allowance for loan losses

    6,846     20,328  
           

Total

  $ 17,914   $ 31,313  
           

        The following table presents loans held-for-investment individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans as of December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010. The recorded investment included in the following table represents loan principal net of any partial charge-offs recognized on the loans. The unpaid principal balance represents the recorded balance prior to any partial charge-offs.

 
  December 31, 2011   December 31, 2010  
 
  Unpaid
Principal
Balance
  Recorded
Investment
  Allowance
for Loan
Losses
Allocated
  Unpaid
Principal
Balance
  Recorded
Investment
  Allowance
for Loan
Losses
Allocated
 
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

With no related allowance recorded:

                                     

Commercial

  $ 7,644   $ 5,972   $   $ 5,557   $ 5,125   $  

Real estate:

                                     

Commercial and residential

    2,916     2,057         4,392     2,431      

Land and construction

    3,491     3,039         6,138     3,429      
                           

Total with no related allowance recorded

    14,051     11,068         16,087     10,985      

With an allowance recorded:

                                     

Commercial

    6,526     5,982     2,249     9,695     9,249     3,427  

Real estate:

                                     

Commercial and residential

    80     80     44     4,753     4,753     1,002  

Land and construction

    817     740     32     6,862     5,428     853  

Home Equity

    32     32                  

Consumer

    12     12     2     898     898     778  
                           

Total with an allowance recorded

    7,467     6,846     2,327     22,208     20,328     6,060  
                           

Total

  $ 21,518   $ 17,914   $ 2,327   $ 38,295   $ 31,313   $ 6,060  
                           

        The following table presents interest recognized and cash-basis interest earned on impaired loans for the periods indicated:

 
  For the Year Ended December 31, 2011    
 
 
   
  Real Estate    
   
   
 
 
  Commercial   Commercial
and
Residential
  Land and
Construction
  Home
Equity
  Consumer   Total   For the Year Ended
December 31, 2010
Total
 
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Average of impaired loans during the period

  $ 12,613   $ 2,976   $ 5,726   $ 1,390   $ 680   $ 23,385   $ 51,023  

Interest income during impairment

  $ 2   $   $ 1   $ 1   $ 2   $ 6   $ 41  

Cash-basis interest earned

  $   $   $   $ 1   $   $ 1   $ 27  

        Nonperforming loans include both smaller dollar balance homogenous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment and individually classified loans. Nonperforming loans were as follows at year-end:

 
  2011   2010  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Nonaccrual loans — held-for-sale

  $ 186   $ 2,026  

Nonaccrual loans — held-for-investment

    14,353     28,821  

Restructured and loans over 90 days past due and still accruing

    2,291     2,256  
           

Total nonperforming loans

  $ 16,830   $ 33,103  
           

Other restructured loans

  $ 1,270   $ 236  

Impaired loans, excluding loans held-for-sale

  $ 17,914   $ 31,313  

        The following table presents the nonperforming loans by class at year-end:

 
  2011   2010  
 
  Nonaccrual   Restructured and
Loans Over 90 Days
Past Due and
Still Accruing
  Total   Nonaccrual   Restructured and
Loans Over 90 Days
Past Due and
Still Accruing
  Total  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Commercial

  $ 8,876   $ 1,803   $ 10,679   $ 13,545   $ 593   $ 14,138  

Real estate:

                                     

Commercial and residential

    2,137         2,137     6,450     1,663     8,113  

Land and construction

    3,514     456     3,970     9,954         9,954  

Home equity

        32     32              

Consumer

    12         12     898         898  
                           

Total

  $ 14,539   $ 2,291   $ 16,830   $ 30,847   $ 2,256   $ 33,103  
                           

        The following table presents the aging of past due loans as of December 31, 2011 by class of loans:

 
  30-59 Days
Past Due
  60-89 Days
Past Due
  90 Days or
Greater
Past Due
  Total
Past Due
  Loans Not
Past Due
  Total  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Commercial

  $ 1,999   $ 508   $ 3,394   $ 5,901   $ 360,689   $ 366,590  

Real estate:

                                     

Commercial and residential

    2,293             2,293     309,186     311,479  

Land and construction

            1,532     1,532     21,484     23,016  

Home equity

    753         32     785     51,232     52,017  

Consumer

                    11,166     11,166  
                           

Total

  $ 5,045   $ 508   $ 4,958   $ 10,511   $ 753,757   $ 764,268  
                           

        The following table presents the aging of past due loans as of December 31, 2010 by class of loans:

 
  30-59 Days
Past Due
  60-89 Days
Past Due
  90 Days or
Greater
Past Due
  Total
Past Due
  Loans Not
Past Due
  Total  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Commercial

  $ 3,176   $ 807   $ 14,138   $ 18,121   $ 360,291   $ 378,412  

Real estate:

                                     

Commercial and residential

    1,078     1,595     7,184     9,857     327,600     337,457  

Land and construction

            8,857     8,857     53,499     62,356  

Home equity

    80             80     53,617     53,697  

Consumer

            898     898     12,346     13,244  
                           

Total

  $ 4,334   $ 2,402   $ 31,077   $ 37,813   $ 807,353   $ 845,166  
                           

        Past due loans 30 days or greater totaled $10,511,000 and $38,049,000 at December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, of which $6,312,000 and $28,821,000 were on nonaccrual. At December 31, 2011, there were also $8,041,000 loans less than 30 days past due included in nonaccrual loans held-for-investment. There were no current loans included in nonaccrual loans held-for-investment at December 31, 2010. Management's classification of a loan as "nonaccrual" is an indication that there is reasonable doubt as to the full recovery of principal or interest on the loan. At that point, the Company stops accruing interest income, and reverses any uncollected interest that had been accrued as income. The Company begins recognizing interest income only as cash interest payments are received and it has been determined the collection of all outstanding principal is not in doubt. The loans may or may not be collateralized, and collection efforts are pursued.

Credit Quality Indicators

        Concentrations of credit risk arise when a number of clients are engaged in similar business activities, or activities in the same geographic region, or have similar features that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic conditions. The Company's loan portfolio is concentrated in commercial (primarily manufacturing, wholesale, and service) and real estate lending, with the balance in consumer loans. While no specific industry concentration is considered significant, the Company's lending operations are located in the Company's market areas that are dependent on the technology and real estate industries and their supporting companies. Thus, the Company's borrowers could be adversely impacted by a continued downturn in these sectors of the economy which could reduce the demand for loans and adversely impact the borrowers' ability to repay their loans.

        The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information; historical payment experience; credit documentation; public information; and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. Nonclassified loans generally include those loans that are expected to be repaid in accordance with contractual loans terms. Classified loans are those loans that are assigned a substandard, substandard-nonaccrual, or doubtful risk rating using the following definitions:

        Substandard.    Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

        Substandard-Nonaccrual.    Loans classified as substandard-nonaccrual are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. In addition, the Company no longer accrues interest on the loan because of the underlying weaknesses.

        Doubtful.    Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

        The following table provides a summary of the loan portfolio by loan type and credit quality classification for the periods indicated:

 
  December 31, 2011   December 31, 2010  
 
  Nonclassified   Classified   Total   Nonclassified   Classified   Total  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Commercial

  $ 333,506   $ 33,084   $ 366,590   $ 338,164   $ 40,248   $ 378,412  

Real estate:

                                     

Commercial and residential

    294,653     16,826     311,479     320,867     16,590     337,457  

Land and construction

    15,343     7,673     23,016     32,664     29,692     62,356  

Home equity

    51,368     649     52,017     50,757     2,940     53,697  

Consumer

    10,853     313     11,166     12,346     898     13,244  
                           

Total

  $ 705,723   $ 58,545   $ 764,268   $ 754,798   $ 90,368   $ 845,166  
                           

        In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed of the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. This evaluation is performed under the Company's underwriting policy.

        For the year ended December 31, 2011, the terms of certain loans were modified as troubled debt restructurings. The modification of the terms of such loans included a reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan, or an extension of maturity date at a stated rate of interest lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk.

        As a result of adopting the amended guidance in determining whether a restructuring is a troubled debt restructuring, the Company reassessed all restructurings that occurred on or after January 1, 2011 for identification as troubled debt restructurings. The Company did not identify any loans as troubled debt restructurings for which the allowance for loan losses had previously been measured under a general allowance for loan losses methodology.

        The book balance of troubled debt restructurings at December 31, 2011 was $7,396,000, which included $4,323,000 of nonaccrual loans and $3,073,000 of accruing loans. The book balance of troubled debt restructurings at December 31, 2010 was $7,924,000, which included $5,432,000 of nonaccrual loans and $2,492,000 of accruing loans. Approximately $574,000 and $1,134,000 in specific reserves were established with respect to these loans as of December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010. As of December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company had no additional amounts committed on any loan classified as a troubled debt restructuring.

        The following table presents loans by class modified as troubled debt restructurings during the twelve month period ended December 31, 2011:

Troubled Debt Restructurings:
  Number
of
Contracts
  Pre-modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
  Post-modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Commercial

    9   $ 3,712   $ 3,619  

Consumer

    1     11     11  
               

Total

    10   $ 3,723   $ 3,630  
               

        The troubled debt restructurings described above increased the allowance for loan losses by $462,000 through the allocation of specific reserves, and resulted in net charge-offs of $93,000 for the year ended December 31, 2011.

        A loan is considered to be in payment default when it is 30 days contractually past due under the modified terms. There were no defaults on troubled debt restructurings within twelve months following the modification, during the year ended December 31, 2011.

        HBC makes loans to executive officers, directors, and their affiliates. The following table presents the loans outstanding to these related parties for the periods indicated:

 
  2011   2010  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Balance, beginning of year

  $   $  

Advances on loans during the year

    1,532      

Repayment on loans during the year

    (1,324 )    
           

Balance, end of year

  $ 208   $  
           

        At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company serviced SBA loans sold to the secondary market of approximately $170,969,000, and $168,913,000.

        Servicing assets represent the servicing spread generated from the sold guaranteed portions of SBA loans. The weighted average servicing rate for all loans serviced was 1.36% and 1.37% at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

        Servicing rights are included in "accrued interest receivable and other assets" on the consolidated balance sheets. Activity for loan servicing rights follows:

 
  2011   2010   2009  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Balance, beginning of year

  $ 915   $ 1,067   $ 1,013  

Additions

    294     325     572  

Amortization

    (417 )   (477 )   (518 )
               

Balance, end of year

  $ 792   $ 915   $ 1,067  
               

        There was no valuation allowance for servicing rights as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, because the fair value of the servicing rights was greater than the carrying value. The estimated fair value of loan servicing rights was $3,200,000 at December 31, 2011 and 2010. The fair value of servicing rights at December 31, 2011 was estimated using a weighted average constant prepayment rate ("CPR") assumption of 7.00%, and a weighted average discount rate assumption of 14.82%. The fair value of servicing rights at December 31, 2010 was estimated using a weighted average constant prepayment rate assumption of 10.02%, and a weighted average discount rate assumption of 12.32%.

        The weighted average discount rate and CPR assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the I/O strip receivables are the same as for the servicing rights. Management reviews the key economic assumptions used to estimate the fair value of I/O strip receivables on a quarterly basis. The fair value of the I/O strip can be adversely impacted by a significant increase in either the prepayment speed of the portfolio or the discount rate. At December 31, 2011, key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the fair value of the I/O strip receivables to immediate 10% and 20% changes to the CPR assumption, and 1% and 2% changes to the discount rate assumption, are as follows:

 
  (Dollars in thousands)  

Carrying amount/fair value of Interest-Only (I/O) strip

  $ 2,094  

Prepayment speed assumption (annual rate)

    7.0 %

Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change in prepayment speed (CPR 7.7%)

  $ (47 )

Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change in prepayment speed (CPR 8.4%)

  $ (92 )

Residual cash flow discount rate assumption (annual)

    14.8 %

Impact on fair value of 1% adverse change in discount rate (16.3% discount rate)

  $ (70 )

Impact on fair value of 2% adverse change in discount rate (17.8% discount rate)

  $ (136 )

        I/O strip receivables are included in "accrued interest receivable and other assets" on the consolidated balance sheets. Activity for I/O strip receivables follows:

 
  2011   2010   2009  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Balance, beginning of year

  $ 2,140   $ 2,116   $ 2,248  

Amortization

    (96 )   (236 )   (425 )

Unrealized gain

    50     260     293  
               

Balance, end of year

  $ 2,094   $ 2,140   $ 2,116