10-Q

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
[x]	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2016
		OR
[ ]	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                                    to
Commission file number 001-14157

TELEPHONE AND DATA SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware					36-2669023
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)					(IRS Employer Identification No.)
30 North LaSalle Street, Suite 4000, Chicago, Illinois 60602
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (312) 630-1900
								Yes	No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.								[x]	[ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).								[x]	[ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer	[x]	Accelerated filer	[ ]	Non-accelerated filer		[ ]	Smaller reporting company		[ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).								[ ]	[x]
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Class					Outstanding at March 31, 2016
Common Shares, $0.01 par value					101,822,914 Shares
Series A Common Shares, $0.01 par value					7,218,406 Shares

Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2016
Index
				Page No.
Part I.	Financial Information
	Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)		1
		Consolidated Statement of Operations		1
		Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income		2
		Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows		3
		Consolidated Balance Sheet		4
		Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity		6
		Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements		8
	Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		17
		Executive Overview		17
		Terms used by TDS		18
		Results of Operations — TDS Consolidated		20
		U.S. Cellular Operations		23
		TDS Telecom Operations		28
			Wireline Operations	30
			Cable Operations	33
			HMS Operations	36
		Liquidity and Capital Resources		37
		Consolidated Cash Flows		40
		Consolidated Balance Sheet Analysis		41
		Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates		41
		Recent Accounting Pronouncements		41
		Regulatory Matters		42
		Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 Safe Harbor Cautionary Statement		43
		Supplemental Information		46
	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		49
	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures		50
Part II.	Other Information
	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings		51
	Item1A.	Risk Factors		51
	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		51
	Item 5.	Other Information		52
	Item 6.	Exhibits		53
Signatures

Part I.  Financial Information

Item 1.Financial Statements

Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statement of Operations

(Unaudited)

			Three Months Ended
			March 31,
			2016		2015
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share amounts)
Operating revenues
	Service		$	1,000	$	1,073
	Equipment and product sales			243		179
		Total operating revenues		1,243		1,252
Operating expenses
	Cost of services (excluding Depreciation,   amortization and accretion reported below)			288		294
	Cost of equipment and products			291		272
	Selling, general and administrative			431		438
	Depreciation, amortization and accretion			212		207
	(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net			6		5
	(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net			–		(124)
	(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net			–		(123)
		Total operating expenses		1,228		969
Operating income				15		283
Investment and other income (expense)
	Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities			35		35
	Interest and dividend income			14		8
	Interest expense			(41)		(34)
		Total investment and other income		8		9
Income before income taxes				23		292
	Income tax expense			13		116
Net income				10		176
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling
interests, net of tax				2		30
Net income attributable to TDS shareholders				8		146
TDS Preferred dividend requirement				–		–
Net income available to TDS common shareholders			$	8	$	146
Basic weighted average shares outstanding				109		108
Basic earnings per share available to TDS common   shareholders			$	0.07	$	1.35
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding				110		109
Diluted earnings per share available to TDS common   shareholders			$	0.07	$	1.33
Dividends per share to TDS shareholders			$	0.148	$	0.141
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

1

Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)

					Three Months Ended
					March 31,
					2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Net income					$	10	$	176
	Net change in accumulated other comprehensive income
		Change related to retirement plan
			Amounts included in net periodic benefit cost for the period
				Change in prior service cost		–		(1)
Comprehensive income						10		175
	Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax					2		30
Comprehensive income attributable to TDS shareholders					$	8	$	145
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

2

Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

				Three Months Ended
				March 31,
				2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Cash flows from operating activities
	Net income			$	10	$	176
	Add (deduct) adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows
	from operating activities
		Depreciation, amortization and accretion			212		207
		Bad debts expense			19		30
		Stock-based compensation expense			9		8
		Deferred income taxes, net			5		(47)
		Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities			(35)		(35)
		Distributions from unconsolidated entities			14		13
		(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net			6		5
		(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net			–		(124)
		(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net			–		(123)
		Noncash interest expense			1		1
	Changes in assets and liabilities from operations
		Accounts receivable			20		21
		Equipment installment plans receivable			(41)		(36)
		Inventory			(1)		95
		Accounts payable			39		(14)
		Customer deposits and deferred revenues			(6)		13
		Accrued taxes			63		252
		Accrued interest			9		9
		Other assets and liabilities			(78)		(96)
			Net cash provided by operating activities		246		355
Cash flows from investing activities
	Cash paid for additions to property, plant and equipment				(159)		(166)
	Cash paid for acquisitions and licenses				–		(281)
	Cash received from divestitures and exchanges				2		274
	Other investing activities				–		3
			Net cash used in investing activities		(157)		(170)
Cash flows from financing activities
	Repayment of long-term debt				(3)		–
	U.S. Cellular Common Shares reissued for benefit plans, net of tax payments				1		–
	Repurchase of TDS Common Shares				(3)		–
	Repurchase of U.S. Cellular Common Shares				(2)		(2)
	Dividends paid to TDS shareholders				(16)		(15)
	Payment of debt issuance costs				–		(3)
	Other financing activities				3		(2)
			Net cash used in financing activities		(20)		(22)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents					69		163
Cash and cash equivalents
	Beginning of period				985		472
	End of period			$	1,054	$	635
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

3

Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheet— Assets

(Unaudited)

				March 31,		December 31,
				2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Current assets
	Cash and cash equivalents			$	1,054	$	985
	Accounts receivable
		Due from customers and agents, less allowances of $44 and $49, respectively			700		705
		Other, less allowances of $1 and $1, respectively			92		98
	Inventory, net				160		158
	Prepaid expenses				130		112
	Income taxes receivable				5		70
	Other current assets				32		30
			Total current assets		2,173		2,158
Assets held for sale					26		–
Licenses					1,818		1,844
Goodwill					766		766
Franchise rights					244		244
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $148 and $144, respectively					43		47
Investments in unconsolidated entities					423		402
Property, plant and equipment
	In service and under construction				11,581		11,520
	Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization				7,902		7,756
			Property, plant and equipment, net		3,679		3,764
Other assets and deferred charges					211		197
Total assets1				$	9,383	$	9,422
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

4

Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheet — Liabilities and Equity

(Unaudited)

				March 31,		December 31,
				2016		2015
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share amounts)
Current liabilities
	Current portion of long-term debt			$	14	$	14
	Accounts payable				355		349
	Customer deposits and deferred revenues				283		288
	Accrued interest				21		12
	Accrued taxes				36		41
	Accrued compensation				75		113
	Other current liabilities				106		127
			Total current liabilities		890		944
Deferred liabilities and credits
	Net deferred income tax liability				905		900
	Other deferred liabilities and credits				441		433
Long-term debt, net					2,437		2,440
Commitments and contingencies					–		–
Noncontrolling interests with redemption features					2		1
Equity
	TDS shareholders’ equity
		Series A Common and Common Shares
			Authorized 290 shares (25 Series A Common and 265 Common Shares)
			Issued 133 shares (7 Series A Common and 126 Common Shares)
			Outstanding 109 shares (7 Series A Common and 102 Common Shares)
			Par Value ($.01 per share)		1		1
		Capital in excess of par value			2,372		2,365
		Treasury shares at cost:
			24 and 24 Common Shares, respectively		(726)		(727)
		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			–		–
		Retained earnings			2,479		2,487
			Total TDS shareholders' equity		4,126		4,126
	Preferred shares				1		1
	Noncontrolling interests				581		577
		Total equity			4,708		4,704
Total liabilities and equity1				$	9,383	$	9,422
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
1		The consolidated total assets as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 include certain assets held by consolidated VIEs of $804 million and $658 million, respectively, which are not available to be used to settle the obligations of TDS.  The consolidated total liabilities as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 include certain liabilities of consolidated VIEs of $16 million and $1 million, respectively, for which the creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of TDS.  See Note 8 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information.

5

Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

(Unaudited)

	TDS Shareholders
	Series A Common and Common shares		Capital in excess of par value		Treasury shares		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		Retained earnings		Total TDS shareholders' equity		Preferred shares		Noncontrolling interests		Total equity
(Dollars in millions)
December 31, 2015	$	1	$	2,365	$	(727)	$	–	$	2,487	$	4,126	$	1	$	577	$	4,704
Net income attributable to   TDS shareholders		–		–		–		–		8		8		–		–		8
Net income attributable     to noncontrolling interests   classified as equity		–		–		–		–		–		–		–		1		1
TDS Common and Series A     Common share dividends		–		–		–		–		(16)		(16)		–		–		(16)
Repurchase of Common   shares		–		–		(3)		–		–		(3)						(3)
Dividend reinvestment plan		–		1		2		–		–		3		–		–		3
Incentive and compensation   plans		–		(1)		2		–		–		1		–		–		1
Adjust investment in   subsidiaries for repurchases,   issuances and other   compensation plans		–		2		–		–		–		2		–		3		5
Stock-based compensation   awards		–		4		–		–		–		4		–		–		4
Tax windfall (shortfall) from   stock awards		–		1		–		–		–		1		–		–		1
March 31, 2016	$	1	$	2,372	$	(726)	$	–	$	2,479	$	4,126	$	1	$	581	$	4,708
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

6

Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

(Unaudited)

	TDS Shareholders
	Series A Common and Common shares		Capital in excess of par value		Treasury shares		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		Retained earnings		Total TDS shareholders' equity		Preferred shares		Noncontrolling interests		Total equity
(Dollars in millions)
December 31, 2014	$	1	$	2,337	$	(748)	$	6	$	2,330	$	3,926	$	1	$	528	$	4,455
Net income attributable to   TDS shareholders		–		–		–		–		146		146		–		–		146
Net income attributable     to noncontrolling interests   classified as equity		–		–		–		–		–		–		–		24		24
TDS Common and Series A     Common share dividends		–		–		–		–		(15)		(15)		–		–		(15)
Dividend reinvestment plan		–		1		1		–		-		2		–		–		2
Incentive and compensation   plans		–		–		1		–		(1)		–		–		–		–
Adjust investment in   subsidiaries for repurchases,   issuances and other   compensation plans		–		5		–		–		–		5		–		(1)		4
Stock-based compensation   awards		–		2		–		–		-		2		–		–		2
March 31, 2015	$	1	$	2,345	$	(746)	$	6	$	2,460	$	4,066	$	1	$	551	$	4,618
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

7

Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1Basis of Presentation

The accounting policies of Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. (“TDS”) conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) as set forth in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”).  The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of TDS and subsidiaries in which it has a controlling financial interest, including TDS’ 84%-owned wireless telephone subsidiary, United States Cellular Corporation (“U.S. Cellular”) and TDS’ wholly-owned subsidiary, TDS Telecommunications Corporation (“TDS Telecom”).  In addition, the consolidated financial statements include certain entities in which TDS has a variable interest that require consolidation under GAAP.  All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by TDS pursuant to the rulesand regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rulesand regulations.  However, TDS believes that the disclosures included herein are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. Calculated amounts and percentages are based on the underlying actual numbers rather than the numbers rounded to millions as presented.  These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in TDS’ Annual Report on Form10-K (“Form10-K”) for the year ended December 31, 2015.

TDS’ business segments reflected in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2016 are U.S. Cellular, Wireline, Cable, and Hosted and Managed Services (“HMS”) operations.  TDS’ non-reportable other business activities are presented as “Corporate, Eliminations and Other”, which includes the operations of TDS’ wholly-owned subsidiary Suttle-Straus, Inc. (“Suttle-Straus”).  Suttle-Straus’ financial results were not significant to TDS’ operations.  All of TDS’ segments operate only in the United States, except for HMS, which includes an insignificant foreign operation.  See Note 10 — Business Segment Information for summary financial information on each business segment.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring items, unless otherwise disclosed) necessary for the fair statement of TDS’ financial position as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and its results of operations, cash flows, comprehensive income and changes in equity for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015.  These results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2014-09”).  ASU 2014-09 outlines a single comprehensive model to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers.  In August 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Deferral of the Effective Date, requiring the adoption of ASU 2014-09 on January 1, 2018 for TDS.  Early adoption as of January 1, 2017 is permitted; however, TDS does not intend to adopt early.  TDS is evaluating the effects that adoption of ASU 2014-09 will have on its financial position and results of operations.

In August 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (“ASU 2014-15”).  ASU 2014-15 requires TDS to assess its ability to continue as a going concern each interim and annual reporting period and provide certain disclosures if there is substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern, including management’s plan to alleviate the substantial doubt.  TDS is required to adopt the provisions of ASU 2014-15 for the annual period ending December 31, 2016, but early adoption is permitted.  The adoption of ASU 2014-15 will not impact TDS’ financial position or results of operations but may impact future disclosures.

In July 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2015-11, Inventory: Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory (“ASU 2015-11”), which requires inventory to be measured at the lower of cost or net realizable value.  TDS is required to adopt ASU 2015-11 on January 1, 2017.  Early adoption is permitted.  TDS is evaluating the effects that adoption of ASU 2015-11 will have on its financial position and results of operations.

In January 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“ASU 2016-01”).  This ASU introduces changes to current accounting for equity investments and financial liabilities under the fair value option and the presentation and disclosure requirements for financial instruments.  TDS is required to adopt ASU 2016-01 on January 1, 2018.  Certain provisions are eligible for early adoption.  TDS is evaluating the effects that adoption of ASU 2016-01 will have on its financial position and results of operations.

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-02, Leases (“ASU 2016-02”).  ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to record a right-of-use asset and lease liability for almost all leases.  This ASU does not substantially impact lessor accounting.  TDS is required to adopt ASU 2016-02 on January 1, 2019.  Early adoption is permitted.  Upon adoption of ASU 2016-02, TDS expects a substantial increase to assets and liabilities on its balance sheet.  TDS is still evaluating the full effects that adoption of ASU 2016-02 will have on its financial position and results of operations.

8

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-04, Liabilities – Extinguishments of Liabilities: Recognition of Breakage from Certain Prepaid Stored-Value Products (“ASU 2016-04”). ASU 2016-04 requires companies that sell prepaid stored-value products redeemable for goods, services or cash at third-party merchants to recognize breakage (i.e. the value that is ultimately not redeemed by the consumer) in a way that is consistent with how it will be recognized under the new revenue recognition standard.  TDS is required to adopt ASU 2016-04 on January 1, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. TDS is evaluating the effects that adoption of ASU 2016-04 will have on its financial position and results of operations.

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net) (“ASU 2016-08”).  The amendments in ASU 2016-08 clarify the guidance on principal versus agent considerations as it relates to recognizing revenue.  TDS is required to adopt ASU 2016-08 on January 1, 2018 in conjunction with the effective date of ASU 2014-09.  Early adoption as of January 1, 2017 is permitted; however, TDS does not intend to adopt early.  TDS is evaluating the effects that adoption of ASU 2016-08 will have on its financial position and results of operations.

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation: Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (“ASU 2016-09”).  ASU 2016-09 intends to simplify the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows.  TDS is required to adopt ASU 2016-09 on January 1, 2017.  Early adoption is permitted.  TDS is evaluating the effects that adoption of ASU 2016-09 will have on its financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

In April 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing (“ASU 2016-10”).  ASU 2016-10 provides clarification around identifying performance obligations and accounting arrangements whereby a license is granted as it relates to ASC 606 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers.  TDS is required to adopt ASU 2016-10 on January 1, 2018 in conjunction with the effective date of ASU 2014-09.  Early adoption as of January 1, 2017 is permitted; however, TDS does not intend to adopt early.  TDS is evaluating the effects that adoption of ASU 2016-10 will have on its financial position and results of operations.

Amounts Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities

TDS records amounts collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities net within a tax liability account if the tax is assessed upon the customer and TDS merely acts as an agent in collecting the tax on behalf of the imposing governmental authority.  If the tax is assessed upon TDS, then amounts collected from customers as recovery of the tax are recorded in Service revenues and amounts remitted to governmental authorities are recorded in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.  The amounts recorded gross in revenues that are billed to customers and remitted to governmental authorities totaled $23 million and $26 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Note 2Fair Value Measurements

As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, TDS did not have any financial or nonfinancial assets or liabilities that were required to be recorded at fair value in its Consolidated Balance Sheet in accordance with GAAP.

The provisions of GAAP establish a fair value hierarchy that contains three levels for inputs used in fair value measurements.  Level 1 inputs include quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.  Level 2 inputs include quoted market prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or quoted market prices for identical assets and liabilities in inactive markets.  Level 3 inputs are unobservable.  A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.  A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is not representative of its expected performance or its overall risk profile and, therefore, Level 3 assets are not necessarily higher risk than Level 2 or Level 1 assets.

TDS has applied the provisions of fair value accounting for purposes of computing the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes as displayed below.

		Level within the Fair Value Hierarchy	March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
			Book Value		Fair Value		Book Value		Fair Value
(Dollars in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents		1	$	1,054	$	1,054	$	985	$	985
Long-term debt
	Retail	2		1,753		1,778		1,753		1,766
	Institutional	2		533		485		533		501
	Other	2		213		212		216		215

9

The fair value of Cash and cash equivalents approximates the book value due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments.  Long-term debt excludes capital lease obligations and the current portion of Long-term debt.  The fair value of “Retail” Long-term debt was estimated using market prices for TDS’ 7.0% Senior Notes, 6.875% Senior Notes, 6.625% Senior Notes and 5.875% Senior Notes, and U.S. Cellular’s 6.95% Senior Notes, 7.25% Senior Notes due 2063 and 7.25% Senior Notes due 2064.  TDS’ “Institutional” debt consists of U.S. Cellular’s 6.7% Senior Notes which are traded over the counter.  TDS’ “Other” debt consists of a senior term loan credit facility and other borrowings with financial institutions.  TDS estimated the fair value of its Institutional and Other debt through a discounted cash flow analysis using the interest rates or estimated yield to maturity for each borrowing, which ranged from 0.00% to 7.84% and 0.00% to 7.51% at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Note 3Equipment Installment Plans

TDS offers customers, through its owned and agent distribution channels, the option to purchase certain devices under equipment installment contracts over a specified time period.  For certain equipment installment plans (“EIP”), after a specified period of time or amount of payments, the customer may have the right to upgrade to a new device and have the remaining unpaid equipment installment contract balance waived, subject to certain conditions, including trading in the original device in good working condition and signing a new equipment installment contract.  TDS values this trade-in right as a guarantee liability.  The guarantee liability is initially measured at fair value and is determined based on assumptions including the probability and timing of the customer upgrading to a new device and the fair value of the device being traded-in at the time of trade-in.  As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the guarantee liability related to these plans was $77 million and $93 million, respectively, and is reflected in Customer deposits and deferred revenues in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. 

TDS equipment installment plans do not provide for explicit interest charges.  For equipment installment plans with a duration of greater than twelve months, TDS imputes interest.  Equipment installment plan receivables had a weighted average effective imputed interest rate of 9.9% and 9.7% as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

The following table summarizes unbilled equipment installment plan receivables as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.  Such amounts are included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as Accounts receivable – customers and agents and Other assets and deferred charges, where applicable.

	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
(Dollars in millions)
Short-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, gross	$	300	$	279
Short-term portion of unbilled deferred interest		(23)		(21)
Short-term portion of unbilled allowance for credit losses		(16)		(14)
Short-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, net	$	261	$	244
Long-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, gross	$	91	$	76
Long-term portion of unbilled deferred interest		(3)		(2)
Long-term portion of unbilled allowance for credit losses		(7)		(6)
Long-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, net	$	81	$	68

TDS assesses the collectability of the equipment installment plan receivables based on historical payment experience, account aging and other qualitative factors and provides an allowance for estimated losses.  The credit profiles of TDS customers on equipment installment plans are similar to those of TDS customers with traditional subsidized plans.  Customers with a higher risk credit profile are required to make a deposit for equipment purchased through an installment contract.

Note 4Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share available to TDS common shareholders is computed by dividing Net income available to TDS common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted earnings per share available to TDS common shareholders is computed by dividing Net income available to TDS common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period adjusted to include the effects of potentially dilutive securities.  Potentially dilutive securities primarily include incremental shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options and the vesting of restricted stock units.

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The amounts used in computing earnings per common share and the effects of potentially dilutive securities on the weighted average number of common shares were as follows:

				Three Months Ended
				March 31,
				2016		2015
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share amounts)
Basic earnings per share available to TDS common shareholders:
	Net income available to TDS common shareholders     used in basic earnings per share			$	8	$	146
Adjustments to compute diluted earnings:
	Noncontrolling interest adjustment				–		(1)
	Net income available to TDS common shareholders
		used in diluted earnings per share		$	8	$	145
Weighted average number of shares used in basic
	earnings per share:
		Common Shares			102		101
		Series A Common Shares			7		7
			Total		109		108
Effects of dilutive securities1					1		1
Weighted average number of shares used in diluted
	earnings per share				110		109
Basic earnings per share available to TDS common
	shareholders			$	0.07	$	1.35
Diluted earnings per share available to TDS common
	shareholders			$	0.07	$	1.33
	1		Includes effects of stock options, restricted stock units and preferred shares.

Certain Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted stock units or conversion of preferred shares were not included in average diluted shares outstanding for the calculation of Diluted earnings per share available to TDS common shareholders because their effects were antidilutive.  The number of such Common Shares excluded was7 million shares and 6 million shares for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Note 5Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges

In the first quarter of 2016, U.S. Cellular entered into multiple agreements to transfer FCC licenses in non-operating markets and receive FCC licenses in operating markets.  The agreements were with third parties and provide for the transfer of certain AWS and PCS spectrum licensesand approximately $29 million, net, in cash to U.S. Cellular, in exchange for U.S. Cellular transferring certainAWS, PCS and 700 MHz spectrum licenses to the third parties.  The transactions are subject to regulatory approval and other customary closing conditions, and are expected to close in 2016.  Upon closing of each transaction, U.S. Cellular expects to recognize a gain.  As a result of these exchange agreements, licenses with a carrying value of $26 million have been classified as “Assets held for sale” in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2016.

In 2015 and 2016, U.S. Cellular entered into multiple spectrum license purchase agreements that have not yet closed.  The aggregate purchase price for these spectrum licenses is $54 million.  These agreements are for spectrum licenses located in U.S. Cellular’s existing operating markets and are expected to close in 2016.

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Note 6Intangible Assets

Changes in Licenses at TDS for the three months endedMarch 31, 2016 are presented below.  There were no significant changes to Franchise rights, Goodwill or Other intangible assets during the three months endedMarch 31, 2016.

Licenses
(Dollars in millions)
Balance December 31, 2015¹			$	1,844
	Transferred to Assets held for sale			(26)
Balance March 31, 2016¹			$	1,818
1		Amounts include payments totaling $338 million made by Advantage Spectrum L.P. to the FCC for licenses in which it was the provisional winning bidder in Auction 97.  These licenses have not yet been granted by the FCC.  See Note 8 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information.

Note 7Investments in Unconsolidated Entities

Investments in unconsolidated entities consist of amounts invested in wireless and wireline entities in which TDS holds a noncontrolling interest.  These investments are accounted for using either the equity or cost method.

The following table, which is based in part on information provided by third parties, summarizes the combined results of operations of TDS’ equity method investments.

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Revenues	$	1,688	$	1,735
Operating expenses		1,236		1,291
Operating income		452		444
Other income (expense), net		(4)		4
Net income	$	448	$	448

Note 8Variable Interest Entities

In February 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2015-02, Consolidation: Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis (“ASU 2015-02”).  ASU 2015-02 changes consolidation accounting including revising certain criteria for identifying variable interest entities.  TDS adopted the provisions of this standard as of January 1, 2016.  As a result, certain consolidated subsidiaries and unconsolidated entities that were not defined as variable interest entities under previous accounting guidance are defined as variable interest entities under the provisions of ASU 2015-02.  TDS’ modified retrospective adoption of ASU 2015-02 did not change the group of entities which TDS is required to consolidate in its financial statements.  Accordingly, the adoption of ASU 2015-02 did not impact its financial position or results of operations.

Consolidated VIEs

TDS consolidates variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which it has a controlling financial interestas defined by GAAP and is therefore deemed the primary beneficiary.  A controlling financial interest will have both of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the VIE activities that most significantly impact economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb the VIE losses and right to receive benefits that are significant to the VIE.  TDS reviews these criteria initially at the time it enters into agreements and subsequently when events warranting reconsideration occur.These VIEshave risks similar to those described in the “Risk Factors” in TDS’ Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

The following VIEs were formed to participate in FCC auctions of wireless spectrum and to fund, establish, and provide wireless service with respect to any FCC licenses won in the auctions:

• Advantage Spectrum L.P. (“Advantage Spectrum”) and Frequency Advantage L.P., the general partner of Advantage Spectrum;
• Aquinas Wireless L.P. (“Aquinas Wireless”); and
• King Street Wireless L.P. (“King Street Wireless”) and King Street Wireless, Inc., the general partner of King Street Wireless.

These particular VIEs are collectively referred to as designated entities.  Historically and as of March 31, 2016, TDS consolidated these VIEs. 

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The power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of these VIEs is shared.  Specifically, the general partner of these VIEs has the exclusive right to manage, operate and control the limited partnerships and make all decisions to carry on the business of the partnerships.  The general partner of each partnership needs the consent of the limited partner, an indirect TDS subsidiary, to sell or lease certain licenses, to make certain large expenditures, admit other partners or liquidate the limited partnerships.  Although the power to direct the activities of these VIEs is shared, TDS has the most significant level of exposure to the variability associated with the economic performance of the VIEs, indicating that TDS is the primary beneficiary of the VIEs.  Therefore, in accordance with GAAP, these VIEs are consolidated.

In March 2015, King Street Wireless made a $60 million distribution to its owners. Of this distribution, $6 million was provided to King Street Wireless, Inc. and $54 million was provided to U.S. Cellular.

FCC Auction 97 ended in January 2015.  TDS participated in Auction 97 indirectly through its interest in Advantage Spectrum.  An indirect subsidiary of TDS is a limited partner in Advantage Spectrum.  Advantage Spectrum applied as a designated entity, and expects to receive bid credits with respect to spectrum purchased in Auction 97.  Advantage Spectrum was the winning bidder for 124 licenses for an aggregate bid of $338 million, after its expected designated entity discount of 25%. This amount is classified as Licenses in TDS’ Consolidated Balance Sheet. Advantage Spectrum’s bid amount, less the initial deposit of $60 million paid in 2014, plus certain other charges totaling $2 million, was paid to the FCC in March 2015.As of March 31, 2016 and as of the filing date of this Form 10-Q, these licenses have not yet been granted by and are still pending before the FCC.

The remaining VIEs are comprised of limited partnerships that provide wireless service.  ASU 2015-02 modified the manner in which limited partnerships and similar legal entities are evaluated under the variable interest model.  A limited partnership is a variable interest entity unless the limited partners hold substantive participating rights or kick-out rights over the general partners.  For certain limited partnerships, U.S. Cellular is the general partner and manages the operations.  In these partnerships, the limited partners do not have substantive kick-out or participating rights and, further, such limited partners do not have the authority to remove the general partner.  Therefore, beginning January 1, 2016, these limited partnerships are also recognized as VIEs and are consolidated under the variable interest model. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2015-02, these limited partnerships were consolidated under the voting interest model. 

The following table presents the classification and balances of the consolidated VIEs’ assets and liabilities in TDS’ Consolidated Balance Sheet.

			March 31,		December 31,
			2016¹		2015¹
(Dollars in millions)
Assets
	Cash and cash equivalents		$	2	$	1
	Accounts receivable			35		–
	Other current assets			6		–
	Licenses2			649		649
	Property, plant and equipment, net			103		8
	Other assets and deferred charges			9		–
		Total assets	$	804	$	658
Liabilities
	Current liabilities		$	22	$	–
	Deferred liabilities and credits			11		1
		Total liabilities	$	33	$	1
1		ASU 2015-02 was adopted on a modified retrospective basis and, accordingly, prior year amounts have not been revised to reflect the change in guidance.
2		Includes payments totaling $338 million made by Advantage Spectrum to the FCC as described above.

Unconsolidated VIEs

TDS manages the operations of and holds a variable interest in certain other limited partnerships, but is not the primary beneficiary of these entities and, therefore, does not consolidate them under the variable interest model outlined in ASU 2015-02.

TDS’ total investment in these unconsolidated entities was $5 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and is included in Investments in unconsolidated entities in TDS’ Consolidated Balance Sheet.  The maximum exposure from unconsolidated VIEs is limited to the investment held by TDS in those entities. 

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Other Related Matters

TDS made contributions, loans and/or advances to its VIEs totaling $13 million and $281 million during the three months endedMarch 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015, respectively.  TDS may agree to make additional capital contributions and/or advances to these or other VIEs and/or to their general partners to provide additional funding for operations or the development of licenses granted in various auctions.  TDS may finance such amounts with a combination of cash on hand, borrowings under its revolving credit agreement and/or other long-term debt.  There is no assurance that TDS will be able to obtain additional financing on commercially reasonable terms or at all to provide such financial support.

Note 9Noncontrolling Interests

The following schedule discloses the effects of Net income attributable to TDS shareholders and changes in TDS’ ownership interest in U.S. Cellular on TDS’ equity:

Three Months Ended March 31,			2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Net income attributable to TDS shareholders			$	8	$	146
	Transfer (to) from the noncontrolling interests
		Change in TDS' Capital in excess of par value from    U.S. Cellular's issuance of U.S. Cellular shares		(2)		–
		Change in TDS' Capital in excess of par value from    U.S. Cellular's repurchases of U.S. Cellular shares		–		–
		Purchase of ownership in subsidiaries from noncontrolling interests		–		–
		Net transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests		(2)		–
	Change from net income attributable to TDS and    transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests		$	6	$	146

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Note 10Business Segment Information

U.S. Cellular and TDS Telecom are billed for all services they receive from TDS, consisting primarily of information processing, accounting and finance, and general management services.  Such billings are based on expenses specifically identified to U.S. Cellular and TDS Telecom and on allocations of common expenses.  Management believes the method used to allocate common expenses is reasonable and that all expenses and costs applicable to U.S. Cellular and TDS Telecom are reflected in the accompanying business segment information on a basis that is representative of what they would have been if U.S. Cellular and TDS Telecom operated on a stand-alone basis.

Financial data for TDS’ reportable segments for the three month period ended, or as of March 31, 2016 and 2015, is as follows.  See Note 1 — Basis of Presentation for additional information.

					TDS Telecom
Three Months Ended or as of March 31, 2016			U.S. Cellular		Wireline		Cable		HMS		TDS Telecom Eliminations		TDS Telecom Total		Corporate, Eliminations and Other		Total
(Dollars in millions)
Operating revenues
	Service		$	760	$	173	$	45	$	29	$	(1)	$	246	$	(6)	$	1,000
	Equipment and product sales			198		–		–		35		–		35		10		243
		Total operating revenues		958		173		45		64		(1)		281		4		1,243
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization
	and accretion reported below)			184		62		22		21		(1)		104		–		288
Cost of equipment and products				256		1		–		29		–		30		5		291
Selling, general and administrative				361		48		12		11		–		71		(1)		431
Depreciation, amortization and accretion				153		42		9		7		–		58		1		212
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net				5		–		1		–		–		1		–		6
Operating income (loss)				(1)		20		1		(4)		–		17		(1)		15
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities				35		–		–		–		–		–		–		35
Interest and dividend income				13		1		–		–		–		1		–		14
Interest expense				(28)		1		–		(1)		–		–		(13)		(41)
Other, net				1		–		(1)		–		–		(1)		–		–
Income (loss) before income taxes				20		22		–		(5)		–		17		(14)		23
Income tax expense (benefit)1				11										7		(5)		13
Net income (loss)				9										10		(9)		10
Add back:
Depreciation, amortization and accretion				153		42		9		7		–		58		1		212
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net				5		–		1		–		–		1		–		6
Interest expense				28		(1)		–		1		–		–		13		41
Income tax expense (benefit)1				11										7		(5)		13
Adjusted EBITDA2			$	206	$	63	$	10	$	3	$	–	$	76	$	–	$	282
Investments in unconsolidated entities			$	384	$	4	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	4	$	35	$	423
Total assets			$	7,057	$	1,291	$	581	$	270	$	–	$	2,142	$	184	$	9,383
Capital expenditures			$	79	$	27	$	13	$	2	$	–	$	42	$	4	$	125

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					TDS Telecom
Three Months Ended or as of March 31, 2015			U.S. Cellular		Wireline		Cable		HMS		TDS Telecom Eliminations		TDS Telecom Total		Corporate, Eliminations and Other		Total
(Dollars in millions)
Operating revenues
	Service		$	828	$	176	$	44	$	28	$	(1)	$	247	$	(2)	$	1,073
	Equipment and product sales			137		–		–		33		–		33		9		179
		Total operating revenues		965		176		44		61		(1)		280		7		1,252
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization
	and accretion reported below)			191		62		20		20		–		102		1		294
Cost of equipment and products				238		1		–		27		–		28		6		272
Selling, general and administrative				369		46		13		13		(1)		71		(2)		438
Depreciation, amortization and accretion				147		42		9		6		–		57		3		207
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net				4		–		1		–		–		1		–		5
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net				(111)		–		–		–		–		–		(13)		(124)
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net				(123)		–		–		–		–		–		–		(123)
Operating income (loss)				250		25		1		(5)		–		21		12		283
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities				34		–		–		–		–		–		1		35
Interest and dividend income				8		–		–		–		–		–		–		8
Interest expense				(20)		1		–		(1)		–		–		(14)		(34)
Other, net				–		1		–		–		–		1		(1)		–
Income (loss) before income taxes				272		27		1		(6)		–		22		(2)		292
Income tax expense (benefit)1				107										9		–		116
Net income (loss)				165										13		(2)		176
Add back:
Depreciation, amortization and accretion				147		42		9		6		–		57		3		207
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net				4		–		1		–		–		1		–		5
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net				(111)		–		–		–		–		–		(13)		(124)
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net				(123)		–		–		–		–		–		–		(123)
Interest expense				20		(1)		–		1		–		–		14		34
Income tax expense (benefit)1				107		–		–		–		–		9		–		116
Adjusted EBITDA2			$	209	$	68	$	11	$	1	$	–	$	80	$	2	$	291
Investments in unconsolidated entities			$	305	$	4	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	4	$	34	$	343
Total assets			$	6,606	$	1,366	$	566	$	275	$	–	$	2,207	$	183	$	8,996
Capital expenditures			$	66	$	20	$	12	$	5	$	–	$	37	$	2	$	105

1

Income tax expense (benefit) is not provided at the individual segment level for Wireline, Cable and HMS.  TDS calculates income tax expense for “TDS Telecom Total”.

2

Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and accretion (“Adjusted EBITDA”) is a segment measure reported to the chief operating decision maker for purposes of making decisions about allocating resources to the segments and assessing their performance.  Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income, adjusted for the items set forth in the reconciliation above.  Adjusted EBITDA excludes these items in order to show operating results on a more comparable basis from period to period.  From time to time, TDS may also exclude other items from Adjusted EBITDA if such items help reflect operating results on a more comparable basis.  TDS does not intend to imply that any of such items that are excluded are non-recurring, infrequent or unusual; such items may occur in the future.  TDS believes Adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure of TDS’ operating results before significant recurring non-cash charges, discrete gains and losses, and other items as indicated above.

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Telephone and Data Systems,Inc. Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditionand Results of Operations

Executive Overview

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.’s (“TDS”) interim consolidated financial statements and notes included in Item 1 above, and with the description of TDS’ business, its audited consolidated financial statements and Management's Discussion and Analysis(“MD&A”) of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in TDS’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Form 10-K”) for the year ended December 31, 2015.  Analysis of TDS’ financial results compares the three months ended March 31, 2016 to the three months ended March 31, 2015.  Calculated amounts and percentages are based on the underlying actual numbers rather than the numbers rounded to millions as presented.

This report contains statements that are not based on historical facts, including the words “believes,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “expects” and similar words.  These statements constitute and represent “forward looking statements” as this term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  Such forward looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, events or developments to be significantly different from any future results, events or developments expressed or implied by such forward looking statements.

TDS uses certain “non-GAAP financial measures” throughout the MD&A.  A discussion of the reason TDS uses these measures and a reconciliation of these measures to their most directly comparable measures determined in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) are included in the Supplemental Information section within the MD&A of this Form 10-Q Report.

General

TDS is a diversified telecommunications company that provides high-quality communications services to approximately 6 million customers nationwide.  TDS provides wireless services through its 84%-owned subsidiary, United States Cellular Corporation (“U.S. Cellular”).  TDS also provides wireline services, cable services and hosted and managed services (“HMS”), through its wholly-owned subsidiary, TDS Telecommunications Corporation (“TDS Telecom”).  TDS’ segments operate almost entirely in the United States.  See Note 10 — Business Segment Information in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for summary financial information on each business segment.

*Represents a non-GAAP financial measure.  Refer to Supplemental Information within this MD&A for a reconciliation of this measure.

TDS Mission and Strategy

TDS’ mission is to provide outstanding communications services to its customers and meet the needs of its shareholders, its people, and its communities.  In pursuing this mission, TDS seeks to profitably grow its businesses, create opportunities for its associates and employees, and steadily build value over the long-term for its shareholders.  Across all of its businesses, TDS is focused on providing exceptional customer experiences through best-in-class services and products and superior customer service.

TDS’ long-term strategy calls for the majority of its capital to be reinvested in its operating businesses to strengthen theircompetitive positions, while still returning value to TDS shareholders through the payment of a regular quarterly cash dividend and share repurchases. 

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In 2016, TDS is working to build shareholder value by continuing to execute on its strategies to build strong, competitive businesses providing high-quality, data-focused services and products.  Strategic efforts include:

• U.S. Cellular deployed 4G LTE as a result of U.S. Cellular’s strategic initiative to enhance its network.  4G LTE now reaches 99% of postpaid customers and 98% of cell sites.  The adoption of data-centric smartphones and connected devices is driving significant growth in data traffic.  At the end of the first quarter, 74% of postpaid customers had 4G capable devices, with the LTE network handling 88% of data traffic.  In 2015, U.S. Cellular began field trials related to VoLTE technology.  VoLTE technology, when deployed commercially, will enable customers to utilize the LTE network for both voice and data services.  These trials were completed in the first quarter of 2016.  Efforts related to the deployment of VoLTE will continue throughout 2016.
• In the first quarter of 2016, U.S. Cellular continued to enhance its spectrum position and monetize non-strategic assets by entering into multiple agreements to transfer FCC licenses in non-operating markets and receive FCC licenses in operating markets.  The agreements were with third parties for the purchase of certain spectrum licenses for cash and for the transfer of certain AWS and PCS spectrum licenses and approximately $29 million, net, in cash to U.S. Cellular, in exchange for U.S. Cellular transferring certain AWS, PCS and 700 MHz spectrum licenses to the third parties.  The transactions are subject to regulatory approval and other customary closing conditions, and are expected to close in 2016.  Upon closing of each transaction, U.S. Cellular expects to recognize a gain.  See Note 5—Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchangesfor additional information related to these transactions.
• U.S. Cellular is focused on expanding its solutions available to business and government customers, including a growing suite of machine-to-machine solutions across various categories. U.S. Cellular will continue to enhance its advanced wireless services and connected solutions for consumer, business and government customers.
• TDS Telecom’s Wireline businessis completing its planned deployment of fiber technology to provide internet speeds of up to 1 Gigabit per second (“Gbps”).  In non-fiber markets, TDS Telecom offers speeds reaching up to 50 Megabits per second (“Mbps”) using a bonded product.  By leveraging this high-speed network, Wireline continues to drive growth in its IPTV, broadband, and managedIP services.
• TDS Telecom’s Cable business has continued to make network capacity investments and offer more advanced services in its markets in line with its strategy to increase connections and grow broadband penetration.
• TDS Telecom’s HMS business is focused on growing recurring service revenues through increased sales of IT solutions including hosted and managed services, colocation services, and cloud computing, and through increasing the utilization of its service delivery platform and data center assets.

Terms Used by TDS

All defined terms in this MD&A are used as defined in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, and additional terms are defined below:

• 4G LTE – fourth generation Long-Term Evolution which is a wireless broadband technology.
• Auction 97 – An FCC auction of AWS-3 spectrum licenses that ended in January 2015.
• Auction 1000 –An FCC auction of 600 MHz spectrum licenses being held in 2016 involving: (1) a “reverse auction” in which broadcast television licensees submit bids to voluntarily relinquish spectrum usage rights in exchange for payments; (2) a “repacking” of the broadcast television bands in order to free up certain broadcast spectrum for other uses; and (3) a “forward auction” of licenses for spectrum cleared through this process to be used for wireless communications.
• Broadband Connections – refers to the number of Wireline customers provided high-capacity data circuits via various technologies, including DSL and dedicated internet circuit technologies or the Cable billable number of lines into a building for high-speed data services.
• Churn Rate – represents the percentage of the customers that disconnect service each month.  These rates represent the average monthly churn rate for each respective period.
• FCC – Federal Communications Commission
• Gross Additions – represents the total number of new customers added during the period, without regard to customers who terminate service.
• IPTV Connections – represents the number of customers provided video services using IP networking technology.
• ManagedIP Connections – refers to the number of telephone handsets, data lines and IP trunks providing communications using IP networking technology.
• Net Additions – represents the total number of new customers added during the period, net of customers who terminated service during that period.
• Postpaid Average Billings per Account (“Postpaid ABPA”) – metric is calculated by dividing total postpaid service revenues plus equipment installment plan billings by the average number of postpaid accounts and by the number of months in the period.
• Postpaid Average Billings per User (“Postpaid ABPU”) – metric is calculated by dividing total postpaid service revenues plus equipment installment plan billings by the average number of postpaid customers and by the number of months in the period.
• Postpaid Average Revenue per Account (“Postpaid ARPA”) – metric is calculated by dividing total postpaid service revenues by the average number of postpaid accounts and by the number of months in the period.

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• Postpaid Average Revenue per User (“Postpaid ARPU”) – metric is calculated by dividing total postpaid service revenues by the average number of postpaid customers and by the number of months in the period.
• Smartphone Penetration – is calculated by dividing postpaid smartphone customers by total postpaid customers.
• Universal Service Fund (“USF”) – A system of telecommunications collected fees and support payments managed by the FCC intended to promote universal access to telecommunications services in the United States.
• Video Connections – generally, a home or business receiving video programming counts as one video connection.  In counting bulk residential or commercial connections, such as an apartment building or a hotel, connections are counted based on the number of units/rooms within the building receiving service.
• Voice Connections – refers to the individual circuits connecting a customer to Wireline’s central office facilities or the Cable billable number of lines into a building for voice services.
• VoLTE – Voice over Long-Term Evolution is a technology specification that defines the standards and procedures for delivering voice communication and data over 4G LTE networks.
• Wireline Residential Revenue per Connection – is calculated by dividing total wireline residential revenue by the average number of total wireline residential customers and by the number of months in the period.

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Results of Operations — TDS Consolidated

			Three Months Ended March 31,
			2016		2015		2016 vs. 2015
(Dollars in millions)
Operating revenues
	U.S.Cellular		$	958	$	965	(1)%
	TDS Telecom			281		280	-
	All other1			4		7	(51)%
		Total operating revenues		1,243		1,252	(1)%
Operating expenses
	U.S.Cellular			959		715	34%
	TDS Telecom			264		259	2%
	All other1 2			5		(5)	>100%
		Total operating expenses		1,228		969	27%
Operating income
	U.S.Cellular			(1)		250	>(100)%
	TDS Telecom			17		21	(21)%
	All other1 2			(1)		12	>(100)%
		Total operating income		15		283	(95)%
Other income (expenses)
	Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities			35		35	2%
	Interest and dividend income			14		8	65%
	Interest expense			(41)		(34)	(24)%
		Total investment and other income (expense)		8		9	(22)%
Income before income taxes				23		292	(92)%
	Income tax expense			13		116	(89)%
Net income				10		176	(94)%
	Less: Net income attributable to   noncontrolling interests, net of tax			2		30	(94)%
Net income attributable to TDS shareholders			$	8	$	146	(94)%
Capital expenditures			$	125	$	105	19%
1	Consists of corporate and other operations and intercompany eliminations.
2	In 2015, TDS recognized an incremental gain compared to U.S. Cellular of $12 million on a tower sale as a result of lower asset basis in the assets disposed.

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Commentary TDS’ 1% decrease in operating revenues was due primarily to a decrease in retail service revenues at U.S. Cellular.  Retail service revenues continue to be impacted by industry-wide price competition.  The decrease was partially offset by increases in equipment sales revenues which is attributable to increased activity in equipment installment plans.

Operating expenses

The increase was due primarily to the absence of significant offsetting gains recognized from sales and exchanges of businesses and licenses in 2016.  Such gains were $247 million in 2015.

Refer to individual segment discussions in this MD&A for additional details on operating expenses at the segment level.

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities represents TDS’ share of net income from entities in which it has a noncontrolling interest and that are accounted for by the equity method.TDS’ investment in the Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership (“LAPartnership”) contributed$19millionand$20million to Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities in2016and2015, respectively.  See Note 7—Investments in Unconsolidated Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Interest anddividend income

Interest and dividend income increased due to imputed interest income recognized on equipment installment plans of $11million and $7million in2016and2015, respectively. See Note3—Equipment Installment Plansin the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Interest expense

Interest expense increased due primarily to U.S. Cellular’s issuance of $300 million of 7.25% Senior Notes due 2064 in November 2015 and borrowing of $225 million on U.S. Cellular’s senior term loan facility that was drawn in July 2015.

Income tax expense

TDS' effective tax rate on Incomebefore income taxes in 2016and 2015was55.7%and39.8%, respectively.  The higher rate for 2016 is due primarily to discrete tax adjustments that have a disproportionate impact on the tax rate because of the relatively low pretax income in the quarter.  As discrete items are not annualized, this rate may not be indicative of the annual rate for 2016.

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of taxincludes the noncontrolling public shareholders’ share of U.S. Cellular’s net income and the noncontrolling shareholders’ or partners’ share of certain U.S. Cellular subsidiaries’ net income (loss).  The decrease is due to lower income from U.S. Cellular and certain other partnerships in 2016.

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		Three Months Ended
		March 31,
		2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax
	U.S. Cellular noncontrolling public shareholders’	$	1	$	25
	Noncontrolling shareholders’ or partners’		1		5
		$	2	$	30

	Commentary Net income decreased due primarily to the absence of significant gains from sales and exchanges of businesses and licenses in 2016.
*Represents a non-GAAP measure.  Refer to Supplemental Information within this MD&A for a reconciliation of this measure.

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U.S. CELLULAR OPERATIONS

Business Overview

U.S. Cellular owns, operates, and invests in wireless markets throughout the United States.  U.S. Cellularis an 84%-owned subsidiary of TDS.  U.S. Cellular’s strategy is to attract and retain wireless customers through a value proposition comprised of a high-quality network, outstanding customer service, and competitive devices, plans, and pricing, all provided with a local focus.

OPERATIONS

• Serves approximately 4.9 million customers including 4.5million postpaid and 0.4million prepaid customers
• Operates in 23 states
• Employs approximately 6,500 employees
• Headquartered in Chicago, Illinois
• 6,306 cell sites including 3,989owned towers in service

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Operational Overview

	Postpaid Customer Results
			Q12015	Q12016
		Gross Additions	200,000	215,000
		Net Additions	9,000	45,000
		Churn	1.48%	1.28%
		Postpaid customers – end of period	4,307,000	4,454,000
		Retail customers – end of period	4,667,000	4,853,000
Commentary U.S. Cellular believes the increase in net additionsin 2016is a result of competitive services and products priced to offer the best value to customers andexpanded equipment installment plan offerings.  Postpaid churn continued to decline due to enhancements in the customer experience, targeted retention programs and improvement in the overall credit mix of gross additions.

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Commentary Smartphone penetration increased to75% ofthe postpaid handset customer base in the first quarter of 2016, up from 67%in the same period a year ago.  Smartphones represented 92% and 86% of total handset sales during the first quarter of 2016 and 2015, respectively.  This contributed to increased service revenues from data. Continued growth in revenues and costs related to data services andproducts may result in increased operating expenses and the need for additional investment in spectrum, network capacity and network enhancements.

Commentary

Postpaid ARPU and Postpaid ARPA decreased in 2016 driven by industry-wide price competition, together with discounts on shared data plans provided to customers on equipment installment plans and those providing their own device at the time of activation or renewal.  Postpaid ARPU also decreased due to net additions of connected devices, which on a per unit basis contribute less revenue than handsets.  These factors were partially offset by the impacts of continued adoption of smartphones and shared data plans.

Equipment installment plans increase equipment sales revenue as customers pay for their wireless devices in installments at a total device price that is generally higher than the device price offered to customers in conjunction with alternative plans that are subject to a service contract. Equipment installment plans also have the impact of reducing service revenues as many equipment installment plans provide for reduced monthly access charges. In order to show the trends in total service and equipment revenues received from customers, U.S. Cellular has presented Postpaid ABPU and Postpaid ABPA, which are calculated as Postpaid ARPU and Postpaid ARPA plus average monthly equipment installment plan billings per customer and account, respectively. Equipment installment plan billings increased in 2016 due to increased adoption of equipment installment plans by postpaid customers. Postpaid ABPUdecreased in 2016 as the increase in equipment installment plan billings was more than offset by the Postpaid ARPU drivers discussed above. Postpaid ABPA, however, increased in 2016 due to the increase in equipment installment plan billings and an increase in device connections per account, partially offset by the Postpaid ARPU and Postpaid ARPA drivers discussed above.

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Financial Overview

Components of Operating Income (Loss)
		Three Months Ended March 31,
						2016 vs.
		2016		2015		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Retail service		$	682	$	747	(9)%
Inbound roaming			36		40	(11)%
Other			42		41	1%
	Service revenues		760		828	(8)%
Equipment sales			198		137	45%
	Total operating revenues		958		965	(1)%
System operations (excluding Depreciation, amortizationand accretion reported   below)			184		191	(4)%
Cost of equipment sold			256		238	8%
Selling, general and administrative			361		369	(2)%
			801		798	-
Operating cash flow*			157		167	(6)%
Depreciation, amortizationand accretion			153		147	4%
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net			5		4	19%
(Gain) loss on sale of businessand other exit costs, net			–		(111)	100%
(Gain) loss on license salesand exchanges			–		(123)	N/M
	Total operating expenses		959		715	34%
Operating income (loss)		$	(1)	$	250	>(100)%
Adjusted EBITDA*		$	206	$	209	(2)%
Capital expenditures		$	79	$	66	19%
*	Represents a non-GAAP financial measure.  Refer to Supplemental Information within this MD&A for a reconciliation of this measure.
N/M - Percentage change not meaningful

Service revenues consist of: Charges for access, airtime, roaming, recovery of regulatory costs and value added services, including data services and products (“retail service”) Charges to other wireless carriers whose customers use U.S. Cellular’s wireless systems when roaming (“inbound roaming”) Amounts received from the Federal USF Tower rental revenues Equipment revenues consist of: Sales of wireless devices and related accessories to new and existing customers, agents, and third-party distributors

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Key components of changes in the statement of operations line items were as follows:

Commentary

Total operating revenues

Service revenues decreased as a result of (i) a decrease in retail service revenues driven by industry-wide price competition, includingdiscounts on shared data plans provided to customers on equipment installment plans and those providing their own device at the time of activation or renewal; and (ii) reductions in inbound roaming revenue driven by lower roaming rates.  Such reductions were partially offset by an increase in the average customer base and continued adoption of shared data plans.

Federal USF revenue was $23 million in 2016, which remained flat year over year.  Pursuant to the FCC's Reform Order (“Reform Order”), U.S. Cellular’s Federal USF support was to be phased down at the rate of 20% per year beginning July 1, 2012.  The Phase II Mobility Fund was not operational as of July 2014 and, therefore, as provided by the Reform Order, the phase down was suspended at 60% of the baseline amount.  U.S. Cellular will continue to receive USF support at the 60% level until the FCC takes further action.  At this time, U.S. Cellular cannot predict what changes that the FCC might make to the USF high cost support program and, accordingly, cannot predict whether such changes will have a material adverse effect on U.S. Cellular’s business, financial condition or results of operations.

Equipment sales revenues increased due primarily to an increase in average revenue per device sold from sales under equipment installment plans, an increase in the number of devices sold, an increase in accessory sales, and a mix shift to smartphones and connected devices.  Equipment installment plan sales contributed $147 million and $68 million in 2016 and 2015, respectively.

System operations expenses

Maintenance, utility and cell site expenses increased6% to $97 million reflecting higher support costs for the expanded 4G LTE network, increased cell site rent, the completion of certain tower maintenance and repair projects, and other maintenance activities.

Expenses incurred when U.S. Cellular’s customers used other carriers’ networks while roaming decreased13% to $42million driven primarily by lower rates for both voice and data traffic, partially offset by increased data roaming usage.

Customer usage expenses decreased13% to $45milliondriven by lower fees for platform and content providers, a decrease in long distance charges driven by rate reductions, and a decrease in circuit costs from the migration to LTE.

U.S. Cellular expects system operations expenses to increase in the future to support the continued growth in cell sites and other network facilities as it continues to add capacity, enhance quality and deploy new technologies as well as to support increases in total customer data usage.  However, these increases are expected to be offset to some extent by cost savings generated by shifting data traffic to the 4G LTE network from the 3G network.

Cost of equipment sold

The increase in Cost of equipment sold is a result of a 9% increase in devices sold and a mix shift to higher cost devices.  Cost of equipment sold in 2016 included $160 million related to equipment installment plan sales compared to $87 million in 2015.  Loss on equipment, representing Equipment sales revenues less Cost of equipment sold, was $57million and $101million in 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling expenses increased6% to $177 million due primarily to higher retail and agent commissions expense driven by higher accessory sales and increased activations and renewals, higher retail bonus expense, and increased advertising spend.

General and administrative expenses decreased8% to $185 million due primarily to lower bad debts expense driven by improved receivables collectability, lower consulting expenses related to the billing system,and reduced expense of customer service operations.

(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net

The net gain in 2015 was due primarily to a $108 million gain recognized on the sale of towers and certain related contracts, assets and liabilities. 

(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net

The net gain in 2015 was due primarily to a $125 million gain recognized on the exchanges of certain of U.S. Cellular’s unbuilt PCS licenses for certain other PCS licenses and cash.

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TDS TELECOM OPERATIONS

Business Overview

TDS Telecom operates in three reportable segments: Wireline, Cable and HMS. The overall strategy for the Wireline and Cable businesses is to own the best data pipes in each market in order to capitalize on data growth and the need for higher broadband speeds and leverage that growth across bundled services with video and voice.  In addition, through its HMS business, TDS Telecom provides a wide range of Information Technology (“IT”) services including colocation, dedicated hosting, hosted application management, cloud computing services and planning, engineering, procurement, installation, sales and management of  IT infrastructure hardware solutions.

OPERATIONS

• Wireline and Cable serve approximately 1.2 million broadband, video and voice connections in 34 states.
• Wireline operates 105 incumbent local exchange carriers (“ILEC”) in 25 states and competitive local exchange carriers (“CLEC”) in 4 states.
• Cable operates primarily in Oregon, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico and Texas.
• HMS operates a total of eight data centers.  It owns two data centers in Iowa, and one each in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Colorado and Oregon and it leases two data centers in Arizona.

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Financial Overview

Components of Operating Income
			Three Months Ended March 31,
							2016 vs.
			2016		2015		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Operating revenues
	Wireline		$	173	$	176	(2)%
	Cable			45		44	3%
	HMS			64		61	5%
	Intra-company elimination			(1)		(1)	(47)%
		TDS Telecom operating revenues		281		280	-
Operating expenses
	Wireline			153		151	1%
	Cable			44		43	5%
	HMS			68		66	3%
	Intra-company elimination			(1)		(1)	(47)%
		TDS Telecom operating expenses		264		259	2%
TDS Telecom operating income			$	17	$	21	(21)%
Adjusted EBITDA*			$	76	$	80	(4)%
Capital expenditures			$	42	$	37	15%
*	Represents a non-GAAP financial measure.  Refer to Supplemental information within this MD&A for a reconciliation of this measure.

Commentary Operating revenues were unchanged from the prior year as increases in revenues from HMS and Cable operations were offset by decreases in Wireline commercial and wholesale revenues.

Total operating expenses

Operating expenses increased to support growth in HMS and Cable and due to higher employee-related expenses in Wireline.

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WIRELINE OPERATIONS

Business Overview

TDS Telecom’sWireline business provides broadband, video and voice services.  These services are provided to residential, commercial, and wholesale customers in a mix of rural, small town and suburban markets, with the largest concentration of its customers in the Upper Midwest and the Southeast.  TDS Telecom’s strategy is to offer its residential customers broadband, video, and voice services through value-added bundling.  In its commercial business, TDS Telecom’sstrategic focus is on small- to medium-sized businesses and its sales efforts emphasize advanced IP-based voice and data services.

Operational Overview

Wireline residential broadband customers, comprised mainly of ILEC customers, are increasingly choosing higher speeds.  In total, Wireline increased average revenue per connection by 2%.

Total connections were flat as a 12,800 increase in IPTV customers was offset by a 3% decline in voice connections, excluding the impact of 2015 divestitures.	TDS managedIP connections grew 4%; however, this did not completely offset the decline in voice connections.

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Financial Overview — Wireline

Components of Operating Income
				Three Months Ended March 31,
				2016		2015		2016 vs. 2015
(Dollars in millions)
Service revenues
	Residential			$	76	$	75	2%
	Commercial				54		56	(4)%
	Wholesale				43		45	(5)%
		Total service revenues			173		176	(2)%
Equipment and product sales					–		–	19%
			Total operating revenues		173		176	(2)%
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation,
amortization and accretion reported below)					62		62	(1)%
Cost of equipment and products					1		1	(8)%
Selling, general and administrative					48		46	6%
					111		109	2%
Operating cash flow*					62		67	(8)%
Depreciation, amortization and accretion					42		42	(1)%
			Total operating expenses		153		151	1%
Total operating income				$	20	$	25	(19)%
Adjusted EBITDA*				$	63	$	68	(8)%
Capital expenditures				$	27	$	20	35%
*		Represents a non-GAAP financial measure.  Refer to Supplemental Information within this MD&A for a reconciliation of this measure.

Residential revenues consist of: Broadband services, including fiber-based and other digital, premium and enhanced data services IPTV and satellite video Voice services Commercial revenues consist of: TDS managedIP voice and data services High-speed and dedicated business internet services Voice services Wholesale revenues consist of: Network access services to interexchange carriers for the origination and termination of interstate and intrastate long distance phone calls on TDS Telecom’s network and special access services to carriers and others Amounts received from state andFederal USF

31

Key components of changes in the statement of operations items were as follows:

Total operating revenues

Residential revenues increased in 2016 as growth in data and IPTV more than offset the decline in legacy voice services.  IPTV average connections grew 49%, offset bya 3% decline in average voice connections, excluding the impact of 2015 divestitures.

Commercial revenues decreased in 2016 asdeclining legacy voice and data connections reduced revenues, partially offset by a4% growth in average managedIP connections.

Wholesale revenues decreased in 2016 due primarily to a reduction in special access revenues and by a 15% reduction in intra-state minutes-of-use.

Cost of services

Cost of services were relatively flat in 2016as reduced costs of provisioning circuits, purchasing unbundled network elements and providing long-distance services were offset by increased charges related to the growth in IPTV.

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased in 2016 due to growth in employee-related expenses.

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CABLE OPERATIONS

Business Overview

TDS Telecom’s cable strategy is to expand its broadband services while leveraging its core competencies in network management and customer focus.  TDS Telecom seeks to be the leading provider of broadband services in its targeted markets. 

Operational Overview

Cable connections grew 5% in 2016 with increases in voice and broadband outpacing declines in video.

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Financial Overview — Cable

Components of Operating Income
				Three Months Ended March 31,
				2016		2015		2016 vs. 2015
(Dollars in millions)
Service revenues
	Residential			$	35	$	35	1%
	Commercial				10		9	10%
			Total operating revenues		45		44	3%
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation,   amortization and accretion reported below)					22		20	12%
Selling, general and administrative					12		13	(4)%
					34		33	6%
Operating cash flow*					11		11	(5)%
Depreciation, amortization and accretion					9		9	5%
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net					1		1	(20)%
			Total operating expenses		44		43	5%
Total operating income				$	1	$	1	(56)%
Adjusted EBITDA*				$	10	$	11	(5)%
Capital expenditures				$	13	$	12	11%
*		Represents a non-GAAP financial measure.  Refer to Supplemental Information within this MD&A for a reconciliation of this measure.

Residential and Commercial revenues consist of: Broadband services, including high-speed internet, security and support services Video services including premium programming in HD, multi-room and TV Everywhere offerings Voice services

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Key components of changes in the statement of operations items were as follows:

Total operating revenues

Residential revenues remained flat in 2016 due primarily to a 6% increase in average residential connections offset by a decrease in revenue caused by promotional pricing.

Commercial revenues increased in 2016 due primarily to increases in pricing.

Cost of services

Cost of services increased in 2016 due primarily to increases in programming content costs.

Selling, general and administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses remained relatively flat in 2016 due to lower employee costs and other synergies from acquisitions, offset by an increase in property taxes.

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HMS OPERATIONS

Business Overview

Under TDS Telecom’sOneNeck IT Solutions brand, TDS Telecom offers a full-suite of IT solutions ranging from equipment resale to full management and hosting of a customer’s IT infrastructure and applications.  The goal of HMS operations is to create, deliver, and support a platform of IT products and services tailored for mid-market business customers.

Financial Overview — HMS

Components of Operating Loss
		Three Months Ended March 31,
		2016		2015		2016 vs. 2015
(Dollars in millions)
Service revenues		$	29	$	28	2%
Equipment and product sales			35		33	8%
	Total operating revenues		64		61	5%
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation,   amortization and accretion reported below)			21		20	6%
Cost of equipment and products			29		27	8%
Selling, general and administrative			11		13	(16)%
			61		60	2%
Operating cash flow*			3		1	>100%
Depreciation, amortization and accretion			7		6	13%
	Total operating expenses		68		66	3%
Total operating loss		$	(4)	$	(5)	21%
Adjusted EBITDA*		$	3	$	1	>100%
Capital expenditures		$	2	$	5	(63)%
*	Represents a non-GAAP financial measure.  Refer to Supplemental Information within this MD&A for a reconciliation of this measure.

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Service revenues consist of: Cloud and hosting solutions Managed services Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) application management Professional services Co-location services IT hardware maintenance services Equipment revenues consist of: IT hardware sales

Key components of changes in the statement of operations items were as follows:

Growth in professional services and recurring services resulted in an increase in Service revenues in 2016.  Equipment and product sales revenues from sales of IT infrastructure hardware solutions increased in 2016 due primarily to higher spending by existing customers.  There was a corresponding increase in Cost of services and Cost of equipment and products needed to support revenue growth.Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased due primarily to reduced employee and advertising expenses.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources of Liquidity

TDS believes that existing cash and investment balances, funds available under its revolving credit facilities, and expected cash flows from operating and investing activities provide liquidity for TDS to meet its normal day-to-day operating needs and debt service requirements for the coming year.

TDS and its subsidiaries operate capital-intensive businesses.Historically, TDS has used internally-generated funds and also has obtained substantial funds from external sources for general corporate purposes. In the past, TDS’ existing cash and investment balances, funds available under its revolving credit facilities, funds from other financing sources, including a term loan and other long-term debt, and cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities, including sales of assets or businesses, provided sufficient liquidity and financial flexibility for TDS to meet its normal day-to-day operating needs and debt service requirements, to finance the build-out and enhancement of markets and to fund acquisitions. There is no assurance that this will be the case in the future.It may be necessary from time to time to increase the size of the existing revolving credit facilities, to put in place new credit facilities, or to obtain other forms of financing in order to fund potential expenditures. TDS’ liquidity would be adversely affected if, among other things, TDS is unable to obtain short or long-term financing on acceptable terms, TDS makes significant spectrum license purchases in FCC auctions or from other parties, the LA Partnership does not resume or reduces distributions compared to historical levels,or Federal USF and/or other regulatory support payments continue to decline. In addition, although sales of assets or businesses by TDS have been an important source of liquidity in recent periods, TDS does not expect a similar level of such sales in the future, which will reduce a source of liquidity.In recent years, TDS’ credit rating has declined to sub-investment grade.

Although TDS currently has a significant cash balance, in certain recent periods, TDS has incurred negative free cash flow (defined as Cash flows from operating activities less Cash paid for additions to property, plant and equipment) and this will continue in the future if operating results do not improve or capital expenditures are not reduced.TDS currently expects to have negative free cash flow in 2016 due to anticipated growth in equipment installment plan receivables combined with significant capital expenditures.TDS may require substantial additional capital for, among other uses, funding day-to-day operating needs, working capital, acquisitions of providers of wireless or wireline telecommunications services, cable markets, IT services or other businesses, spectrum license or system acquisitions, system development and network capacity expansion, debt service requirements, the repurchase of shares, the payment of dividends, or making additional investments. There can be no assurance that sufficient funds will continue to be available to TDS or its subsidiaries on terms or at prices acceptable to TDS. Insufficient cash flows from operating activities, changes in its credit ratings, defaults of the terms of debt or credit agreements, uncertainty of access to capital, deterioration in the capital markets, reduced regulatory capital at banks which in turn limits their ability to borrow and lend, other changes in the performance of TDS or in market conditions or other factors could limit or restrict the availability of financing on terms and prices acceptable to TDS, which could require TDS to reduce its acquisition, capital expenditure and business development programs, reduce the acquisition of spectrum licenses, and/or reduce or cease share repurchases and/or the payment of dividends.TDS cannot provide assurance that circumstances that could have a material adverse effect on its liquidity or capital resources will not occur. Any of the foregoing would have an adverse impact on TDS’ businesses, financial condition or results of operations.

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Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash and money market investments.  The primary objective of TDS’ Cash and cash equivalents investment activities is to preserve principal.  Cash held by U.S. Cellular is for its operational needs and acquisition, capital expenditure and business development programs.  TDS does not have direct access to U.S. Cellular cash unless U.S. Cellular pays a dividend on its common stock.  U.S. Cellular has no current intention to pay a dividend to its shareholders.

At March 31, 2016, TDS’ consolidated cash and cash equivalents totaled $1,054 million compared to $985 million at December 31, 2015.  The majority of TDS’ Cash and cash equivalents was held in bank deposit accounts and in money market funds that invest exclusively in U.S. Treasury Notes or in repurchase agreements fully collateralized by such obligations. TDS monitors the financial viability of the money market funds and direct investments in which it invests and believes that the credit risk associated with these investments is low.

Financing

As of March 31, 2016, TDS and U.S. Cellular’s unused capacity under their revolving credit facilities was $399 million and $282 million, respectively.  These credit facilities mature in December 2017.  TDS and U.S. Cellular believe they were in compliance with all of the financial covenants and requirements set forth in their revolving credit facilities as of March 31, 2016.

TDS and U.S. Cellular have in place effective shelf registration statements on Form S-3 to issue senior or subordinated debt securities.

The proceeds from any of the aforementioned financing facilities are available for general corporate purposes, including spectrum purchases and capital expenditures.

The long-term debt payments due for the remainder of 2016 and the next four years represent less than 3% of TDS’ total long-term debt obligation measured as of March 31, 2016.

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Capital Expenditures

Capital expenditures (i.e., additions to property, plant and equipment and system development expenditures), which include accruals and capitalized interest, in 2016 and 2015were as follows:

U.S. Cellular’s capital expenditures for 2016 are expected to be approximately $500 million.  These expenditures are expected to be for the following general purposes:  Expand and enhance network coverage, including construction of a new regional connectivity center and providing additional capacity to accommodate increased network usage, principally data usage, by current customers; Deploy VoLTE technology; Expand and enhance the retail store network; and Develop and enhance office systems. TDS Telecom’s capital expenditures for 2016 are expected to be $180 million.  These expenditures are expected to be for the following general purposes: Maintain and enhance existing infrastructure at Wireline, Cable and HMS; Complete planned fiber expansion in Wireline markets and upgrades in Cable markets to support video and super high-speed data; and Success-based spending to sustain managedIP, IPTV, Cable and HMS growth.

TDS plans to finance its capital expenditures program for 2016 using primarily Cash flows from operating activities and, as necessary, existing cash balances and borrowings under its revolving credit agreements and/or other long-term debt.

Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges

TDS may be engaged from time-to-time in negotiations relating to the acquisition, divestiture or exchange of companies, properties, wireless spectrum and other possible businesses.  In general, TDS may not disclose such transactions until there is a definitive agreement.  TDS assesses its business interests on an ongoing basis with a goal of improving the competitiveness of its operations and maximizing its long-term return on capital.  As part of this strategy, TDS reviews attractive opportunities to acquire additional wireless operating markets and wireless spectrum; and telecommunications, cable, HMS or other possible businesses.  TDS also may seek to divest outright or include in exchanges for other interests those interests that are not strategic to its long-term success. 

On March 18, 2016, the FCC released a list of applicants that successfully completed applications for the forward  auction of 600 MHz spectrum licenses, referred to as Auction 1000, including U.S. Cellular. Auction 1000 has commenced with the beginning of the reverse auction on March 29, 2016. Forward auction bidding is likely to begin a couple of months later, and could continue for three months or longer.See “Regulatory Matters — FCC Auction 1000.”Prior to becoming a qualified bidder, U.S. Cellular must make an upfront payment, the size of which establishes its initial bidding eligibility.If U.S. Cellular is a winning bidder in the auction, it may be required to make additional payments to the FCC that may be substantial. In such event, U.S. Cellular plans to finance such payments from its existing cash balances, borrowings under its revolving credit agreement and/or additional long-term debt.

In 2015 and in 2016, U.S. Cellular entered into multiple spectrum license purchase agreements that have not yet closed.  The aggregate purchase price for these spectrum licenses is $54 million. In the first quarter of 2016, U.S. Cellular also entered into multiple agreements to transfer FCC licenses in non-operating markets and receive FCC licenses in operating markets.  The agreements were with third parties and provide for the transfer of certain AWS and PCS spectrum licenses and approximately $29 million, net, in cash to U.S. Cellular, in exchange for U.S. Cellular transferring certain AWS, PCS and 700 MHz spectrum licenses to the third parties.  These license purchase and exchange transactions are expected to close in 2016.

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Variable Interest Entities

TDS consolidates certain entities as “variable interest entities” under GAAP.  See Note 8 — Variable Interest Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to these variable interest entities.  TDS may elect to make capital contributions and/or advances to variable interest entities in order to fund their operations.

Common Share Repurchase Programs

TDS and U.S. Cellular have repurchased and expect to continue to repurchase their Common Shares, in each case subject to any available repurchase program.  For additional information related to the current TDS repurchase authorization, see Part II, Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

On November 17, 2009, the Board of Directors of U.S. Cellular authorized the repurchase of up to 1,300,000 Common Shares on an annual basis beginning in 2009 and continuing each year thereafter, on a cumulative basis. These purchases will be made pursuant to open market purchases, block purchases, private purchases or otherwise, depending on market conditions. This authorizationdoes not have an expiration date.

Share repurchases made under these authorizations in 2016 and 2015 were as follows:

		Number of	Average Cost		Dollar Amount
Three Months Ended March 31,		Shares	Per Share		(in millions)
2016
	TDS Common Shares	111,700	$	22.56	$	3
	U.S. Cellular Common Shares	46,861	$	34.77	$	2
2015
	TDS Common Shares	–	$	–	$	–
	U.S. Cellular Common Shares	66,209	$	34.77	$	2

Contractual and Other Obligations

There were no material changes outside the ordinary course of business between December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2016 to the Contractual and Other Obligations disclosed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in TDS’ Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

TDS had no transactions, agreements or other contractual arrangements with unconsolidated entities involving “off-balance sheet arrangements,” as defined by SEC rules, that had or are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on its financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

Consolidated Cash Flows

TDS operates a capital- and marketing-intensive business.  TDS makes substantial investments to acquire wireless licenses and properties and to construct and upgrade communications networks and facilities as a basis for creating long-term value for shareholders. In recent years, rapid changes in technology and new opportunities have required substantialinvestments in potentially revenue‑enhancing and cost-reducing upgrades to TDS’ networks.  TDS utilizes cash on hand, cash from operating activities, cash proceeds from divestitures and dispositions of investments, short-term credit facilities and long-term debt financing to fund its acquisitions (including licenses), construction costs, operating expenses and share repurchases.  Cash flows may fluctuate from quarter-to-quarter and year-to-year due to seasonality, the timing of acquisitions and divestitures, capital expenditures and other factors.  The following discussion summarizes TDS' cash flow activities for the three months endedMarch 31, 2016 and 2015.

2016 Commentary

TDS’ Cash and cash equivalents increased $69 million in 2016.  Net cash provided by operating activities was $246 million in 2016 due to net income of $10 million as adjusted for non-cash items of $217 million.  Changes in working capital items provided net cash of $5 million.  TDS received a federal tax refund of $63 million related to an overpayment of the 2015 expected tax liability.  This was partially offset by a use of cash of $41 million due to an increase in equipment installment plan receivables, which are expected to continue to increase and further require the use of working capital in the near term.  The net cash provided by operating activities was partially offset by Cash flows used for investing activities of $157 million.  Cash paid in 2016 for additions to property, plant and equipment totaled $159 million and is reported in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

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2015 Commentary

Cash flows from operating activities were $355 million in 2015, contributing to a net increase in Cash and cash equivalents of $163million for the period.  Changes in working capital items provided net cash of $244 million.  As a result of increased focus by U.S. Cellular to sell through inventory of wireless devices on hand in 2015, inventory levels decreased. During 2015, TDS received tax refunds of $100 million related to an overpayment of the 2014 expected tax liability and the carryback of its 2014 net operating loss to the 2012 and 2013 tax years. In addition, income taxes incurred on the sale of towers and on the license exchange in 2015 were not payable until periods after March 31, 2015, resulting in increased income tax payable amounts included in Accrued taxes.

Cash flows used for investing activities were $170 million in 2015.  Cash paid for additions to property, plant and equipment totaled $166 million in 2015 and is reported in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.  During 2015, a $278 million payment was made by Advantage Spectrum L.P. to the FCC for licenses for which it was the provisional winning bidder in Auction 97.  Cash received from divestitures and exchanges in 2015 included $117 million related to licenses and $141 million related to the sale of 359 towers and certain related contracts, assets and liabilities.

Consolidated Balance Sheet Analysis

The following discussion addresses certain captions in the consolidated balance sheet and changes therein.  This discussion is intended to highlight the significant changes and is not intended to fully reconcile the changes.  Changes in financial condition during 2016 are as follows:

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents increased $69 million. See the Consolidated Cash Flows discussion above for an analysis of cash and cash equivalents.

Income tax receivable

Income tax receivable decreased $65 million due primarily to the receipt of a federal income tax refund of $63 million in March 2016.

Assets held for sale

Assets held for sale increased $26 million due to reclassification of Licenses to this account as a result of exchange agreements with third parties.  The license exchange agreements are expected to close in 2016. See Note 5 – Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges for additional information.

Accrued compensation

Accrued compensation decreased $38 million due primarily to bonus payments in March 2016.

Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

TDS prepares its consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. TDS’ significant accounting policies are discussed in detail in Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and TDS’ Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates is discussed in detail in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, both of which are included in TDS’ Form10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.  There were no material changes to TDS’ application of critical accounting policies and estimates during the three months endedMarch 31, 2016.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 — Basis of Presentation in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information on recent accounting pronouncements.

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Regulatory Matters

The discussion below includes updates related to recent regulatory developments. These updates should be read in conjunction with the disclosures previously provided under “Regulatory Matters” in TDS’ Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

FCC Auction 1000

On March 18, 2016, the FCC released a list of applicants that successfully completed applications for the forward auction of 600 MHz spectrum licenses, referred to as Auction 1000, which included U.S. Cellular.  Auction 1000 has commenced with the beginning of the reverse auction on March 29, 2016. Forward auction bidding is likely to begin a couple of months later, and could continue for three months or longer. As a result of the participation of U.S. Cellular, since February 10, 2016, TDS has been subject to FCC anti-collusion rules that place certain restrictions on public disclosures and business communications with other companies relating to U.S. Cellular’s participation.  These restrictions will continue until the down payment deadline for Auction 1000, which will be ten business days after release of the FCC’s Channel Reassignment Public Notice, following the end of the forward auction.These anti-collusion rules, which could last six months or more fromFebruary 10, 2016, may restrict the conduct of certain TDS activities with other applicants in Auction 1000 as well as with nationwide providers of wireless services which are not applicants in Auction 1000.The restrictions could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

FCC Connect America Fund (CAF)

On March 30, 2016, the FCC released an order modifying the USF program to extend the Connect America Fund (CAF) program to rate-of-return incumbent local exchange carriers for the purpose of extending broadband services, including standalone broadband, in underserved rural areas.  The FCC is providing rate-of-return carriers with two paths to receive funds from the CAF.  The first path includes a voluntary model-based approach and includes support for a ten-year period in exchange for meeting defined build-out obligations.  This election must be done at the state level.  The second path is based on existing rate-of-return mechanisms, but with substantial modifications.  This path also includes defined build-out obligations.  TDS Telecom is reviewing the order and is considering its options under the two paths.  There is no assurance that either of the new CAF options will provide TDS Telecom with the level of support TDS Telecom had received under previous federal support mechanisms.

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Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of1995

Safe Harbor Cautionary Statement

This Form 10-Q, including exhibits, contains statements that are not based on historical facts and represent forward-looking statements, as this term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  All statements, other than statements of historical facts, that address activities, events or developments that TDS intends, expects, projects, believes, estimates, plans or anticipates will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements.  The words “believes,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “projects” and similar expressions are intended to identify these forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying them.  Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, events or developments to be significantly different from any future results, events or developments expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.  Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include those set forth below, as more fully described under “Risk Factors” in TDS’Form10-K for the year endedDecember 31, 2015.  However, such factors are not necessarily all of the important factors that could cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements contained in this document.  Other unknown or unpredictable factors also could have material adverse effects on future results, performance or achievements. TDS undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.  You should carefully consider the Risk Factors in TDS’ Form 10-K for the year endedDecember 31, 2015, the following factors and other information contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this Form 10-Q to understand the material risks relating to TDS’ business.

• Intense competition in the markets in which TDS operates could adversely affect TDS’ revenues or increase its costs to compete.
• A failure by TDS to successfully execute its business strategy (including planned acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges) or allocate resources or capital could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.
• Uncertainty in TDS’ future cash flow and liquidity or in the ability to access capital, deterioration in the capital markets, other changes in TDS’ performance or market conditions, changes in TDS’ credit ratings or other factors could limit or restrict the availability of financing on terms and prices acceptable to TDS, which could require TDS to reduce its construction, development or acquisition programs, reduce the acquisition of spectrum licenses, and/or reduce or cease share repurchases and/or the payment of dividends.
• TDS has a significant amount of indebtedness which could adversely affect its financial performance and in turn adversely affect its ability to make payments on its indebtedness, comply with terms of debt covenants and incur additional debt.
• Changes in roaming practices or other factors could cause TDS’ roaming revenues to decline from current levels, roaming expenses to increase from current levels and/or impact TDS’ ability to service its customers in geographic areas where TDS does not have its own network, which could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.
• A failure by TDS to obtain access to adequate radio spectrum to meet current or anticipated future needs and/or to accurately predict future needs for radio spectrum could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.
• To the extent conducted by the FCC, TDS may participate in FCC auctions of additional spectrum in the future directly or indirectly and, during certain periods, will be subject to the FCC’s anti-collusion rules, which could have an adverse effect on TDS.
• Changes in the regulatory environment or a failure by TDS to timely or fully comply with any applicable regulatory requirements could adversely affect TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.
• An inability to attract people of outstanding potential, to develop their potential through education and assignments, and to retain them by keeping them engaged, challenged and properly rewarded could have an adverse effect on TDS' business, financial condition or results of operations.
• TDS’ assets are concentrated primarily in the U.S. telecommunications industry. Consequently, its operating results may fluctuate based on factors related primarily to conditions in this industry.
• TDS’ smaller scale relative to larger competitors that may have much greater financial and other resources than TDS could cause TDS to be unable to compete successfully, which could adversely affect its business, financial condition or results of operations.
• Changes in various business factors, including changes in demand, customer preferences and perceptions, price competition, churn from customer switching activity and other factors, could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.
• Advances or changes in technology could render certain technologies used by TDS obsolete, could put TDS at a competitive disadvantage, could reduce TDS’ revenues or could increase its costs of doing business.

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• Complexities associated with deploying new technologies present substantial risk and TDS’ investments in unproven technologies may not produce the benefits that TDS expects.
• TDS receives regulatory support and is subject to numerous surcharges and fees from federal, state and local governments, and the applicability and the amount of the support and fees are subject to great uncertainty.
• Performance under device purchase agreements could have a material adverse impact on TDS' business, financial condition or results of operations.
• Changes in TDS’ enterprise value, changes in the market supply or demand for wireless licenses, wireline or cable markets or IT service providers, adverse developments in the businesses or the industries in which TDS is involved and/or other factors could require TDS to recognize impairments in the carrying value of its licenses, goodwill, franchise rights and/or physical assets.
• Costs, integration problems or other factors associated with acquisitions, divestitures or exchanges of properties or licenses and/or expansion of TDS’ businesses could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.
• TDS offers customers the option to purchase certain devices under installment contracts which, compared to fixed-term service contracts, includes risks that TDS may possibly incur greater churn, lower cash flows, increased costs and/or increased bad debts expense due to differences in contract terms, which could have an adverse impact on TDS' financial condition or results of operations.
• A failure by TDS to complete significant network construction and systems implementation activities as part of its plans to improve the quality, coverage, capabilities and capacity of its networks and support systems could have an adverse effect on its operations.
• Difficulties involving third parties with which TDS does business, including changes in TDS’ relationships with or financial or operational difficulties of key suppliers or independent agents and third party national retailers who market TDS’ services, could adversely affect TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.
• TDS has significant investments in entities that it does not control. Losses in the value of such investments could have an adverse effect on TDS’ financial condition or results of operations.
• A failure by TDS to maintain flexible and capable telecommunication networks or information technology, or a material disruption thereof, could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.
• TDS has experienced and, in the future, expects to experience cyber-attacks or other breaches of network or information technology security of varying degrees on a regular basis, which could have an adverse effect on TDS' business, financial condition or results of operations.
• The market price of TDS’ Common Shares is subject to fluctuations due to a variety of factors.
• Changes in facts or circumstances, including new or additional information, could require TDS to record charges in excess of amounts accrued in the financial statements, which could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.
• Disruption in credit or other financial markets, a deterioration of U.S. or global economic conditions or other events could, among other things, impede TDS’ access to or increase the cost of financing its operating and investment activities and/or result in reduced revenues and lower operating income and cash flows, which would have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.
• Settlements, judgments, restraints on its current or future manner of doing business and/or legal costs resulting from pending and future litigation could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.
• The possible development of adverse precedent in litigation or conclusions in professional studies to the effect that radio frequency emissions from wireless devices and/or cell sites cause harmful health consequences, including cancer or tumors, or may interfere with various electronic medical devices such as pacemakers, could have an adverse effect on TDS’ wireless business, financial condition or results of operations.
• Claims of infringement of intellectual property and proprietary rights of others, primarily involving patent infringement claims, could prevent TDS from using necessary technology to provide products or services or subject TDS to expensive intellectual property litigation or monetary penalties, which could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.
• Certain matters, such as control by the TDS Voting Trust and provisions in the TDS Restated Certificate of Incorporation, may serve to discourage or make more difficult a change in control of TDS.

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• Any of the foregoing events or other events could cause revenues, earnings, capital expenditures and/or any other financial or statistical information to vary from TDS’ forward-looking estimates by a material amount.

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Supplemental Information

TDSsometimes usesinformation derived from consolidated financial information but not presented initsfinancial statements prepared in accordance with U.S.GAAP to evaluate the performance ofitsbusiness. Certain of these measures are considered “non-GAAP financial measures” under U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission Rules. Specifically,TDShasreferred to the following measures in this Form 10-Q Report:

• Adjusted EBITDA
• Operating Cash Flow
• Free Cash Flow

• Adjusted Free Cash Flow

Below is a reconciliation of each of these measures.

Adjusted EBITDA and Operating Cash Flow

Adjusted EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and accretion), is defined as net income adjusted for the items set forth in the reconciliation. Operating cash flow is defined as net income adjusted for the items set forth in the reconciliation. Adjusted EBITDA and Operating cash flow exclude these items in order to show operating results on a more comparable basis from period-to-period.  From time-to-time, TDS may exclude other items from Adjusted EBITDA and/or Operating cash flow if such items help reflect operating results on a more comparable basis.  TDS does not intend to imply that any such items that are excluded are non-recurring, infrequent or unusual; such items may occur in the future. Adjusted EBITDA and Operating cash flow are not measures of financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to net income as indicators of the company’s operating performance or as alternatives to cash flows from operating activities, determined in accordance with GAAP, as indicators of cash flows or as measures of liquidity.  TDS believes Adjusted EBITDA and Operating cash flow are useful measures of TDS' operating results before significant recurring non-cash charges, gains and losses, and other items as indicated below.

		Three Months Ended March 31,
TDS - CONSOLIDATED		2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Net income (GAAP)		$	10	$	176
Add back:
	Income tax expense		13		116
	Interest expense		41		34
	Depreciation, amortization and accretion		212		207
EBITDA			276		533
Add back or deduct:
	(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net		–		(124)
	(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net		–		(123)
	(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		6		5
Adjusted EBITDA			282		291
Deduct:
	Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities		35		35
	Interest and dividend income		14		8
	Other, net		–		–
Operating cash flow			233		248
Deduct:
	Depreciation, amortization and accretion		212		207
	(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net		–		(124)
	(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net		–		(123)
	(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		6		5
Operating income (GAAP)		$	15	$	283

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		Three Months Ended March 31,
U.S. CELLULAR		2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Net income (GAAP)		$	9	$	165
Add back:
	Income tax expense		11		107
	Interest expense		28		20
	Depreciation, amortization and accretion		153		147
EBITDA			201		439
Add back or deduct:
	(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net		–		(111)
	(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net		–		(123)
	(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		5		4
Adjusted EBITDA			206		209
Deduct:
	Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities		35		34
	Interest and dividend income		13		8
	Other, net		1		–
Operating cash flow			157		167
Deduct:
	Depreciation, amortization and accretion		153		147
	(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net		–		(111)
	(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net		–		(123)
	(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		5		4
Operating income (loss) (GAAP)		$	(1)	$	250

		Three Months Ended March 31,
TDS TELECOM		2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Net income (GAAP)		$	10	$	13
Add back:
	Income tax expense		7		9
	Depreciation, amortization and accretion		58		57
EBITDA			75		79
Add back or deduct:
	(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		1		1
Adjusted EBITDA			76		80
Deduct:
	Interest and dividend income		1		–
	Other, net		(1)		1
Operating cash flow			76		79
Deduct:
	Depreciation, amortization and accretion		58		57
	(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		1		1
Operating income (GAAP)		$	17	$	21

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		Three Months Ended March 31,
WIRELINE		2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Income before income taxes (GAAP)¹		$	22	$	27
Add back:
	Interest expense		(1)		(1)
	Depreciation, amortization and accretion		42		42
EBITDA			63		68
Add back or deduct:
	(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		–		–
Adjusted EBITDA			63		68
Deduct:
	Interest and dividend income		1		–
	Other, net		–		1
Operating cash flow			62		67
Deduct:
	Depreciation, amortization and accretion		42		42
	(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		–		–
Operating income (GAAP)		$	20	$	25

		Three Months Ended March 31,
CABLE		2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Income before income taxes (GAAP)¹		$	–	$	1
Add back:
	Depreciation, amortization and accretion		9		9
EBITDA			9		10
Add back or deduct:
	(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		1		1
Adjusted EBITDA			10		11
Deduct:
	Other, net		(1)		–
Operating cash flow			11		11
Deduct:
	Depreciation, amortization and accretion		9		9
	(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		1		1
Operating income (GAAP)		$	1	$	1

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			Three Months Ended March 31,
HMS			2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Loss before income taxes (GAAP)¹			$	(5)	$	(6)
Add back:
	Interest expense			1		1
	Depreciation, amortization and accretion			7		6
EBITDA				3		1
Add back or deduct:
	(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net			–		–
Adjusted EBITDA				3		1
Deduct:
	Other, net			–		–
Operating cash flow				3		1
Deduct:
	Depreciation, amortization and accretion			7		6
	(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net			–		–
Operating loss (GAAP)			$	(4)	$	(5)
1		Income tax expense is not provided at the individual segment level for Wireline, Cable and HMS.  TDS calculates income tax expense for TDS Telecom in total.

Free Cash Flow and Adjusted Free Cash Flow

The following table presentsFree cash flow andAdjusted free cash flow.Free cash flow is defined asCash flows from operating activitiesless Cash paid for additions to property, plant and equipment.Adjusted free cash flow is defined as Cash flows from operating activities (which includes cash outflows related to the Sprint decommissioning), as adjusted for cash proceeds from the Sprint Cost Reimbursement (which are included in Cash flows from investing activities in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows), less Cash paid for additions to property, plant and equipment.Free cash flow andAdjusted free cash floware non-GAAP financial measureswhich TDS believes may be useful to investors and other users of its financial information in evaluating the amount of cash generated by business operations (including cash proceeds from the Sprint Cost Reimbursement), after Cash paid for additions to property, plant and equipment.

			Three Months Ended March 31,
			2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Cash flows from operating activities			$	246	$	355
Less: Cash paid for additions to property, plant and equipment				159		166
	Free cash flow		$	87	$	189
Add: Sprint Cost Reimbursement1				2		16
	Adjusted free cash flow		$	89	$	205
1		On May 16, 2013, pursuant to a Purchase and Sale Agreement, U.S. Cellular sold customers and certain PCS spectrum licenses to subsidiaries of Sprint Corp. fka Sprint Nextel Corporation (“Sprint”) in U.S. Cellular’s Chicago, central Illinois, St. Louis and certain Indiana/Michigan/Ohio markets in consideration for $480 million in cash.  The Purchase and Sale Agreement also contemplated certain other agreements.  These agreements require Sprint to reimburse U.S. Cellular up to $200 million (the “Sprint Cost Reimbursement”) for certain network decommissioning costs, network site lease rent and termination costs, network access termination costs, and employee termination benefits for specified engineering employees.

Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

MARKET RISK

Refer to the disclosure under Market Risk in TDS’ Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015for additional information, including information regarding required principal payments and the weighted average interest rates related to TDS’ Long-term debt. There have been no material changes to such information since December 31, 2015.

See Note 2 — Fair Value Measurements in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to the fair value of TDS’ Long-term debt as of March 31, 2016.

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Item 4.  Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

TDS maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is processed, recorded, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to TDS’ management, including its principalexecutive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.

As required by SEC Rule 13a-15(b), TDS carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including its principalexecutive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of TDS’ disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. Based on this evaluation, TDS’ principalexecutive officer and principal financial officer concluded that TDS' disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2016, at the reasonable assurance level. 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in internal controls over financial reporting that have occurred during the quarter endedMarch 31, 2016 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, TDS’ internal control over financial reporting.

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Part II.  Other Information

Item 1.  Legal Proceedings

Refer to the disclosure under Legal Proceedings in TDS’ Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.  There have been no material changes to such information since December 31, 2015.

Item 1A.  Risk Factors

In addition to the information set forth in this Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in TDS’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, which could materially affect TDS’ business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in this Form 10-Q and the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, may not be the only risks that could affect TDS.  Additional unidentified or unrecognized risks and uncertainties could materially adversely affect TDS’ business, financial condition and/or operating results.  Subject to the foregoing, TDS has not identified for disclosure any material changes to the risk factors as previously disclosed in TDS’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On August 2, 2013, the Board of Directors of TDS authorized, and TDS announced by Form 8-K, a $250 million stock repurchase program for TDS Common Shares.  Depending on market conditions, such shares may be repurchased in compliance with Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act, pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act, or pursuant to accelerated share repurchase arrangements, prepaid share repurchases, private transactions or as otherwise authorized.  This authorization does not have an expiration date.  TDS did not determine to terminate the foregoing Common Share repurchase program, or cease making further purchases thereunder, during the first quarter of 2016.

The following table provides certain information with respect to all purchases made by or on behalf of TDS, and any open market purchases made by any “affiliated purchaser” (as defined by the SEC) of TDS, of TDS Common Shares during the quarter covered by this Form 10-Q.

					Total Number of	Maximum Dollar
			Average		Shares Purchased	Value of Shares that
		Total Number	Price		as Part of Publicity	May Yet Be
		of Shares	Paid per		Announced Plans or	Purchased Under the
Period		Purchased	Share		Programs	Plans or Programs
January 1 – 31, 2016		110,900	$	22.56	110,900	$	198,709,599
February 1 – 29, 2016		800		22.80	800		198,691,355
March 1 – 31, 2016		–		–	–		198,691,355
	Total for or as of the end of the
	quarter ended March 31, 2016	111,700	$	22.56	111,700	$	198,691,355

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Item 5.  Other Information

The following information is being provided to update prior disclosures made pursuant to the requirements of Form 8-K, Item 2.03 — Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation Under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant.

Neither TDS nor U.S. Cellular borrowed or repaid any cash amounts under their revolving credit facilities in the first quarter of 2016 or through the filing date of this Form 10-Q, and had no cash borrowings outstanding under their revolving credit facilities as of March 31, 2016 or as of the filing date of this Form 10-Q. 

A description of TDS’ revolving credit facility is included in TDS’ Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 17, 2010, as such description is amended by Item 1.01 in TDS’ Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 24, 2014, and is incorporated by reference herein. 

A description of U.S. Cellular’s revolving credit facility is included in U.S. Cellular’s Current Report on Form8-K dated December 17, 2010, as such description is amended by Item 1.01 in U.S. Cellular’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 24, 2014, and is incorporated by reference herein.

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Item 6.  Exhibits

Exhibit 10.1	Form of U.S. Cellular 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan Stock Option Award Agreement for the President and Chief Executive Officer of U.S. Cellular, is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to U.S. Cellular’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 14, 2016.
Exhibit 10.2	Form of U.S. Cellular 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for the President and Chief Executive Officer of U.S. Cellular, is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to U.S. Cellular’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 14, 2016.
Exhibit 10.3	Form of TDS Long-Term Incentive Plan Stock Option Award Agreement for Officers
Exhibit 11	Statement regarding computation of per share earnings is included herein as Note 4 — Earnings Per Share in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Exhibit 12	Statement regarding computation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges.
Exhibit 31.1	Principal executive officer certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Exhibit 31.2	Principal financial officer certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Exhibit 32.1	Principal executive officer certification pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code.
Exhibit 32.2	Principal financial officer certification pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code.
Exhibit 101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
Exhibit 101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
Exhibit 101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document
Exhibit 101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document
Exhibit 101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document
Exhibit 101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

The foregoing exhibits include only the exhibits that relate specifically to this Form 10-Q or that supplement the exhibits identified in TDS’ Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.  Reference is made to TDS’ Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 for a complete list of exhibits, which are incorporated herein except to the extent supplemented or supersededabove.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		TELEPHONE AND DATA SYSTEMS, INC.
		(Registrant)
Date:	May 6, 2016		/s/ LeRoy T. Carlson, Jr.
			LeRoy T. Carlson, Jr., President and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer)
Date:	May 6, 2016		/s/ Douglas D. Shuma
			Douglas D. Shuma, Senior Vice President - Finance and Chief Accounting Officer (principal financial officer and principal accounting officer)
Date:	May 6, 2016		/s/ Douglas W. Chambers
			Douglas W. Chambers, Vice President and Controller

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EX-10.3

EXHIBIT 10.3

TELEPHONE AND DATA SYSTEMS, INC.

2011 LONG-TERM INCENTIVE PLAN

<<YEAR>> STOCK OPTION AWARD AGREEMENT

Telephone and Data Systems, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), hereby grants to <<FNAME>> <<LNAME>> (the “Optionee”), as of <<GRANT DATE>>(the “Option Date”), pursuant to the provisions of the Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. 2011 Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended (the “Plan”), a Non-Qualified Stock Option (the “Option”) to purchase from the Company <<STKO>> shares of Common Stock at the price of $<<PRICE>> per share upon and subject to the terms and conditions set forth below.  Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the meanings specified in the Plan.

1.Time and Manner of Exercise of Option.

1.1.Exercise of Option.  (a)  In General.  Except as otherwise provided in this Award Agreement, the Option shall become exercisable in its entirety on the third annual anniversary of the Option Date.  The Option may not be exercised, in whole or in part, after the tenth annual anniversary of the Option Date (the “Expiration Date”).

(b)  Disability.  If the Optionee ceases to be employed by the Employers and Affiliates by reason of Disability (as defined below), the Option immediately shall become exercisable in its entirety, and after such date may be exercised by the Optionee (or the Optionee’s Legal Representative) for a period of 12 months after the effective date of the Optionee’s termination of employment or until the Expiration Date, whichever period is shorter.  If the Optionee shall die within such exercise period, the Option shall be exercisable by the beneficiary or beneficiaries duly designated by the Optionee, to the same extent the Option was exercisable by the Optionee on the date of the Optionee’s death, for a period ending on the later of (i) the last day of such exercise period and (ii) the 180 day anniversary of the Optionee’s death (but in no event later than the Expiration Date).  For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Disability” shall mean a total physical disability which, in the Committee’s judgment, prevents the Optionee from performing substantially such Optionee’s employment duties and responsibilities for a continuous period of at least six months.

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(c)  Special Retirement.  If the Optionee ceases to be employed by the Employers and Affiliates by reason of Special Retirement (as defined below), the Option immediately shall become exercisable in its entirety if (i) the Optionee has attained age 66 as of the effective date of the Optionee’s Special Retirement and (ii) the effective date of the Optionee’s Special Retirement occurs on or after January 1, <<YEAR AFTER YEAR OF GRANT>>.  If the Optionee ceases to be employed by the Employers and Affiliates by reason of Special Retirement and either (i) the Optionee has not attained age 66 as of the effective date of the Optionee’s Special Retirement or (ii) the effective date of the Optionee’s Special Retirement occurs before January 1, <<YEAR AFTER YEAR OF GRANT>>, the Option shall be exercisable only to the extent it is exercisable on the effective date of the Optionee’s Special Retirement.  The Option, to the extent then exercisable, may be exercised by the Optionee (or the Optionee’s Legal Representative) for a period of 12 months after the effective date of the Optionee’s Special Retirement or until the Expiration Date, whichever period is shorter.  If the Optionee shall die within such exercise period, the Option shall be exercisable by the beneficiary or beneficiaries duly designated by the Optionee, to the same extent the Option was exercisable by the Optionee on the date of the Optionee’s death, for a period ending on the later of (i) the last day of such exercise period and (ii) the 180 day anniversary of the Optionee’s death (but in no event later than the Expiration Date).  For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Special Retirement” shall mean an Optionee’s termination of employment with the Employers and Affiliates on or after the later of (i) the Optionee’s attainment of age 62 and (ii) the Optionee’s Early Retirement Date or Normal Retirement Date, as such terms are defined in the Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. Pension Plan.

(d)  Retirement.  If the Optionee ceases to be employed by the Employers and Affiliates by reason of Retirement (as defined below), the Option immediately shall become exercisable in its entirety if (i) the Optionee has attained age 66 as of the effective date of the Optionee’s Retirement and (ii) the effective date of the Optionee’s Retirement occurs on or after January 1, <<YEAR AFTER YEAR OF GRANT>>.  If the Optionee ceases to be employed by the Employers and Affiliates by reason of Retirement and either (i) the Optionee has not attained age 66 as of the effective date of the Optionee’s Retirement or (ii) the effective date of the Optionee’s Retirement occurs before January 1, <<YEAR AFTER YEAR OF GRANT>>, the Option shall be exercisable only to the extent it is exercisable on the effective date of the Optionee’s Retirement.  The Option, to the extent then exercisable, may be exercised by the Optionee (or the Optionee’s Legal Representative) for a period of 90 days after the effective date of the Optionee’s Retirement or until the Expiration Date, whichever period is shorter.  If the Optionee shall die within such exercise period, the Option shall be exercisable by the beneficiary or beneficiaries duly designated by the Optionee, to the same extent the Option was exercisable by the Optionee on the date of the Optionee’s death, for a period ending on the earlier of (i) the 180 day anniversary of the Optionee’s death and (ii) the Expiration Date.  For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Retirement” shall mean an Optionee’s termination of employment with the Employers and Affiliates on or after the Optionee’s attainment of age 65 that does not satisfy the definition of “Special Retirement” set forth in Section 1.1(c).

(e)  Resignation with Prior Consent of the Board.  If the Optionee ceases to be employed by the Employers and Affiliates by reason of the Optionee’s resignation of employment with the prior consent of the board of directors of such Optionee’s Employer (as evidenced in the Employer’s minute book), the Option shall be exercisable only to the extent it is exercisable on the effective date of the Optionee’s resignation, and after such date may be exercised by the Optionee (or the Optionee’s Legal

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Representative) for a period of 90 days after such effective date or until the Expiration Date, whichever period is shorter.  If the Optionee shall die within such exercise period, the Option shall be exercisable by the beneficiary or beneficiaries duly designated by the Optionee, to the same extent the Option was exercisable by the Optionee on the date of the Optionee’s death, for a period ending on the earlier of (i) the 180 day anniversary of the Optionee’s death and (ii) the Expiration Date.

(f)  Death.  If the Optionee ceases to be employed by the Employers and Affiliates by reason of death, the Option immediately shall become exercisable in its entirety, and may be exercised by the beneficiary or beneficiaries duly designated by the Optionee for a period ending on the earlier of (i) the 180 day anniversary of the Optionee’s death and (ii) the Expiration Date.

(g)  Other Termination of Employment.  If the Optionee ceases to be employed by the Employers and Affiliates for any reason other than Disability, Special Retirement, Retirement, resignation of employment with the prior consent of the board of directors of the Optionee’s Employer (as evidenced in the Employer’s minute book) or death, the Option shall be exercisable only to the extent it is exercisable on the effective date of the Optionee’s termination of employment, and may be exercised by the Optionee (or the Optionee’s Legal Representative) for a period of 30 days after the effective date of the Optionee’s termination of employment or until the Expiration Date, whichever period is shorter.  If the Optionee shall die within such exercise period, the Option shall be exercisable only to the extent it is exercisable on the date of death and may be exercised by the beneficiary or beneficiaries duly designated by the Optionee for a period ending on the earlier of (i) the 180 day anniversary of the Optionee’s death and (ii) the Expiration Date.  Notwithstanding subsections (c) and (d) of this Section 1.1 and any other provision in this Award Agreement to the contrary, if the Optionee ceases to be employed by the Employers and Affiliates on account of the Optionee’s negligence or willful misconduct, in each case as determined by the Company in its sole discretion, the Option shall terminate immediately upon such termination of employment, unless such Option terminates earlier pursuant to Section 1.2.

(h)  Expiration of Option during Blackout Period.  If the Option shall expire under any of subsections (b) through (g) of this Section 1.1 during a period when the Optionee and family members or other persons living in the household of such persons are prohibited from trading in securities of the Company pursuant to the Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. Policy Regarding Insider Trading and Confidentiality (or any successor policy thereto) (a “Blackout Period”), the period during which the Option is exercisable shall be extended to the date that is 30 days after the date of the termination of the Blackout Period (but in no event later than the Expiration Date).

(i)  Expiration of Option during Suspension Period.  If the Option shall expire under any of subsections (b) through (g) of this Section 1.1 during a period when the exercise of the Option would violate applicable securities laws (a “Suspension Period”), the period during which the Option is exercisable shall be extended to the date that is 30 days after the date of the termination of the Suspension Period (but in no event later than the Expiration Date).

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1.2.Termination of Option and Forfeiture of Option Gain upon Competition, Misappropriation, Solicitation or Disparagement.  (a) Notwithstanding any other provision herein, if the Optionee engages in (i) Competition (as defined in this Section 1.2 below), (ii) Misappropriation (as defined in this Section 1.2 below), (iii) Solicitation (as defined in this Section 1.2 below), or (iv) Disparagement (as defined in this Section 1.2 below), in each case as determined by the Company in its sole discretion, then (i) as of the date of such Competition, Misappropriation, Solicitation, or Disparagement, the Option granted pursuant to this Award Agreement immediately shall terminate and thereby be forfeited to the extent it has not been exercised and (ii) the Optionee shall pay the Company, within five business days of receipt by the Optionee of a written demand therefore, an amount in cash determined by multiplying the number of shares of Common Stock purchased pursuant to each exercise of the Option within the twelve months immediately preceding such Competition, Misappropriation, Solicitation, or Disparagement (without reduction for any shares of Common Stock delivered by the Optionee or withheld by the Company pursuant to Section 1.3 or Section 2.4) by the difference between (i) the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the date of such exercise and (ii) the purchase price per share of Common Stock set forth in the first paragraph of this Award Agreement.  The Optionee acknowledges and agrees that the Option, by encouraging stock ownership and thereby increasing an employee’s proprietary interest in the Company’s success, is intended as an incentive to participating employees to remain in the employ of the Company or an Affiliate.  The Optionee acknowledges and agrees that this Section 1.2(a) is therefore fair and reasonable, and not a penalty. 

(b)  The Optionee may be released from the Optionee’s obligation under this Section 1.2 only if and to the extent the Committee determines in its sole discretion that such release is in the best interests of the Company.

(c)  The Optionee agrees that by executing this Award Agreement the Optionee authorizes the Employers and any Affiliate to deduct any amount owed by the Optionee pursuant to Section 1.2(a) from any amount payable by the Employers or any Affiliate to the Optionee, including, without limitation, any amount payable to the Optionee as salary, wages, vacation pay or bonus.  The Optionee further agrees to execute any documents at the time of setoff required by the Employers and any Affiliate in order to effectuate the setoff.  Should the Optionee fail to do so and the Employers and/or any Affiliate institute a legal action against the Optionee to recover the amounts due, the Optionee agrees to reimburse the Employers and/or any Affiliate for their reasonable attorneys’ fees and litigation costs incurred in recovering such amounts from the Optionee.  This right of setoff shall not be an exclusive remedy and an Employer’s or an Affiliate’s election not to exercise this right of setoff with respect to any amount payable to the Optionee shall not constitute a waiver of this right of setoff with respect to any other amount payable to the Optionee or any other remedy.

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For the purposes of this Award Agreement, “Competition” shall mean that the Optionee directly or indirectly, individually or in conjunction with any Person, during the Optionee’s employment with the Employers and the Affiliates and for the twelve months after the termination of that employment for any reason, other than on any Employer’s or Affiliate’s behalf (i) has contact with any customer of an Employer or Affiliate or with any prospective customer which has been contacted or solicited by or on behalf of an Employer or Affiliate for the purpose of soliciting or selling to such customer or prospective customer the same or similar (such that it could substitute for) product or service provided by an Employer or Affiliate during the Optionee’s employment with the Employers and the Affiliates; or (ii) becomes employed in the business or engages in the business of providing wireless, telephone or broadband products or services in any county or county contiguous to a county in which an Employer or Affiliate provided such products or services during the Optionee’s employment with the Employers and the Affiliates or had plans to do so within the twelve month period immediately following the Optionee’s termination of employment.

For the purposes of this Award Agreement, “Misappropriation” shall mean that the Optionee (i) uses Confidential Information (as defined below) for the benefit of anyone other than the Employers or an Affiliate, as the case may be, or discloses the Confidential Information to anyone not authorized by the Employers or an Affiliate, as the case may be, to receive such information; (ii) upon termination of employment, makes any summaries of, takes any notes with respect to, or memorizes any Confidential Information or takes any Confidential Information or reproductions thereof from the facilities of the Employers or an Affiliate, or (iii) upon termination of employment or upon the request of the Employers or an Affiliate, fails to return all Confidential Information then in the Optionee’s possession.  “Confidential Information” shall mean any confidential and proprietary drawings, reports, sales and training manuals, customer lists, computer programs, and other material embodying trade secrets or confidential technical, business, or financial information of the Employers or an Affiliate.

For the purposes of this Award Agreement, “Solicitation” shall mean that the Optionee, directly or indirectly, individually or in conjunction with any Person, during the Optionee’s employment with the Employers and the Affiliates and for the twelve months after the termination of that employment for any reason, other than on any Employer’s or Affiliate’s behalf, solicits, induces or encourages (or attempts to solicit, induce or encourage) any individual away from any Employer’s or Affiliate’s employ or from the faithful discharge of such individual’s contractual and fiduciary obligations to serve the Employers’ and Affiliates’ interests with undivided loyalty.

For the purposes of this Award Agreement, “Disparagement” shall mean that the Optionee has made a statement (whether oral, written or electronic) to any Person other than to an officer of an Employer or an Affiliate that disparages or demeans the Employers, any Affiliate, or any of their respective owners, directors, officers, employees, products or services.

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1.3.Method of Exercise.  The Option may be exercised by the holder of the Option (1) by giving written notice or notice by electronic means approved by the Company to the Vice President-Human Resources of the Company (or such other Person as may be designated by the Vice President-Human Resources) specifying the number of whole shares of Common Stock to be purchased and by accompanying such notice with payment therefor in full (unless another arrangement for such payment which is satisfactory to the Company has been made) and (2) by executing such documents and taking any other actions as the Company may reasonably request.  Payment made be made either (i) in cash, (ii) by delivery (either actual delivery or by attestation procedures established by the Company) of previously-owned whole shares of Common Stock having an aggregate Fair Market Value, determined as of the date of exercise, equal to the aggregate purchase price payable by reason of such exercise, (iii) by authorizing the Company to withhold whole shares of Common Stock which otherwise would be delivered having an aggregate Fair Market Value, determined as of the date of exercise, equal to the aggregate purchase price payable by reason of such exercise, (iv) to the extent legally permissible, in cash by a broker-dealer acceptable to the Company to whom the holder has submitted an irrevocable notice of exercise or (v) by a combination of (i), (ii) and (iii).  If payment of the purchase price is made pursuant to clause (ii) or (iii) of the second sentence of this Section 1.3, then any fraction of a share of Common Stock which would be required to satisfy the aggregate of such purchase price and the withholding taxes with respect to the Option, as described in Section 2.4, shall be disregarded and the remaining amount due shall be paid in cash by the holder.  No share of Common Stock shall be delivered until the full purchase price therefor and the withholding taxes thereon have been paid (or arrangement has been made for such payment to the Company’s satisfaction).

2.Additional Terms and Conditions of Option.

2.1.Option subject to Acceptance.  The Option shall become null and void unless the Optionee accepts this Award Agreement by executing it in the space provided at the end hereof and returning it to the Vice President-Human Resources of the Company.

2.2.Nontransferability of Option.  The Option may not be transferred other than (i) to a beneficiary upon the Optionee’s death (as designated on a form prescribed by the Company or under the terms of the Plan) or (ii) by gift by the Optionee to a Permitted Transferee.  Except as permitted by the foregoing, the Option may not be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged, hypothecated, encumbered or otherwise disposed of (whether by operation of law or otherwise) or be subject to execution, attachment or similar process.  Upon any attempt to so sell, transfer, assign, pledge, hypothecate, encumber or otherwise dispose of the Option, the Option and all rights hereunder shall immediately become null and void. 

By accepting the Option, the Optionee agrees that if all beneficiaries designated on a beneficiary designation form prescribed by the Company predecease the Optionee or, in the case of corporations, partnerships, trusts or other entities which are designated beneficiaries, are terminated, dissolved, become insolvent or are adjudicated bankrupt prior to the date of the Optionee’s death, or if the Optionee fails to properly designate a beneficiary on a beneficiary designation form prescribed by the Company, then the Optionee hereby designates the following Persons in the order set forth herein as the Optionee’s beneficiary or beneficiaries:  (i) the Optionee’s spouse, if living, or if none, (ii) the Optionee’s then living descendants, per stirpes, or if none, (iii) the Optionee’s estate.

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2.3.Agreement by Optionee.  As a condition precedent to any exercise of the Option, the holder shall comply with all regulations and requirements of any regulatory authority having control of or supervision over the issuance or delivery of shares of Common Stock and, in connection therewith, shall execute any documents which the Committee shall in its sole discretion deem necessary or advisable.

2.4.Withholding Taxes.  (a) As a condition precedent to any issuance or delivery of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Option, the holder shall, upon request by the Company, pay to the Company in addition to the purchase price of the shares of Common Stock, such amount as the Company may be required, under all applicable federal, state, local or other laws or regulations, to withhold and pay over as income or other withholding taxes (the “Required Tax Payments”) with respect to such exercise of the Option.  If the holder shall fail to advance the Required Tax Payments after request by the Company, the Company may, in its discretion, deduct any Required Tax Payments from any amount then or thereafter payable by the Company to the holder.

(b)  The holder may elect to satisfy his or her obligation to advance the Required Tax Payments by any of the following means:  (1) a cash payment to the Company, (2) delivery (either actual delivery or by attestation procedures established by the Company) to the Company of previously-owned whole shares of Common Stock, the Fair Market Value of which shall be determined as of the date the obligation to withhold or pay taxes first arises in connection with the Option (the “Tax Date”), (3) authorizing the Company to withhold whole shares of Common Stock which would otherwise be delivered to the holder upon exercise of the Option, the Fair Market Value of which shall be determined as of the Tax Date, (4)to the extent legally permissible, a cash payment by a broker-dealer acceptable to the Company to whom the holder has submitted an irrevocable notice of exercise or (5) any combination of (1), (2) and (3).  Shares of Common Stock to be delivered or withheld may not have an aggregate Fair Market Value in excess of the minimum amount of the Required Tax Payments.  Any fraction of a share of Common Stock which would be required to satisfy the aggregate of such tax withholding obligation and the purchase price of the Option shall be disregarded and the remaining amount due shall be paid in cash by the holder.  The Optionee agrees that if by the pay period that immediately follows the date that the Option is exercised, no cash payment attributable to any such fractional share shall have been received by the Company, then the Optionee hereby authorizes the Company to deduct such cash payment from any amount payable by the Company or any Affiliate to the Optionee, including without limitation any amount payable to the Optionee as salary or wages.  The Optionee agrees that this authorization may be reauthorized via electronic means determined by the Company.  The Optionee may revoke this authorization by written notice to the Company prior to any such deduction.  No share of Common Stock shall be delivered until the Required Tax Payments have been satisfied in full (or arrangement has been made for such payment to the Company’s satisfaction).

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2.5.Adjustment.  In the event of any conversion, stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reclassification, reorganization, merger, consolidation, spin-off, combination, exchange of shares, liquidation or other similar change in capitalization or event, or any distribution to holders of Common Stock other than a regular cash dividend, the number and class of shares subject to the Option and the purchase price per share shall be appropriately and equitably adjusted by the Committee, such adjustment to be made without an increase in the aggregate purchase price.  Such adjustment shall be made in compliance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code applicable to stock rights, including without limitation the requirements of Treasury Regulation §1.409A-1(b)(5)(v)(D), and shall be final, binding and conclusive.  If such adjustment would result in a fractional security being subject to the Option, the Company shall pay the holder, in connection with the first exercise of the Option occurring after such adjustment, an amount in cash determined by multiplying (i) the fraction of such security (rounded to the nearest hundredth) by (ii) the excess, if any, of (A) the Fair Market Value on the exercise date over (B) the purchase price of the Option. 

2.6.Change in Control.  (a)  Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan or any other provision of this Award Agreement, in the event of a Change in Control, the Board (as constituted prior to such Change in Control) may in its discretion, but shall not be required to, make such adjustments to the Option as it deems appropriate, including, without limitation:

(1)  causing the Option to immediately become exercisable in whole or in part; and/or

(2)  substituting for some or all of the shares of Common Stock subject to the Option, the number and class of shares into which each outstanding share of Common Stock shall be converted pursuant to such Change in Control; provided, however, that in the event of such a substitution, the purchase price per share of stock then subject to the Option shall be appropriately adjusted by the Committee (whose determination shall be final, binding and conclusive), but in no event shall the aggregate purchase price for such shares be greater than the aggregate purchase price for the shares of Common Stock subject to the Option prior to the Change in Control; and/or

(3)  requiring that the Option, in whole or in part, be surrendered to the Company by the holder, and be immediately cancelled by the Company, and providing for the holder to receive (i) a cash payment in an amount equal to the number of shares of Common Stock then subject to the portion of the Option surrendered, to the extent the Option is then exercisable or becomes exercisable pursuant to this Section 2.6(a), multiplied by the excess, if any, of the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock as of the date of the Change in Control, over the purchase price per share of Common Stock subject to the Option, (ii) shares of capital stock of the corporation resulting from or succeeding to the business of the Company pursuant to such Change in Control, or a parent corporation thereof, having a fair market value not less than the amount determined under clause (i) above; or (iii) a combination of the payment of cash pursuant to clause (i) above and the issuance of shares pursuant to clause (ii) above.

(b)  For purposes of the Plan and this Award Agreement, “Change in Control” shall mean:

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(1)  the acquisition by any Person, including any “person” within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act, of beneficial ownership within the meaning of Rule 13(d)(3) promulgated under the Exchange Act, of the then outstanding securities of the Company (the “Outstanding Voting Securities”) (x) having sufficient voting power of all classes of capital stock of the Company to elect at least 50% or more of the members of the Board or (y) having 50% or more of the combined voting power of the Outstanding Voting Securities entitled to vote generally on matters (without regard to the election of directors), excluding, however, the following:  (i) any acquisition directly from the Company or an Affiliate (excluding any acquisition resulting from the exercise of an exercise, conversion or exchange privilege, unless the security being so exercised, converted or exchanged was acquired directly from the Company or an Affiliate), (ii) any acquisition by the Company or an Affiliate, (iii) any acquisition by an employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or an Affiliate, (iv) any acquisition by any corporation pursuant to a transaction which complies with clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) of subsection (3) of this Section 2.6(b), or (v) any acquisition by the following Persons:  (A) LeRoy T. Carlson or his spouse, (B) any child of LeRoy T. Carlson or the spouse of any such child, (C) any grandchild of LeRoy T. Carlson, including any child adopted by any child of LeRoy T. Carlson, or the spouse of any such grandchild, (D) the estate of any of the Persons described in clauses (A)-(C), (E) any trust or similar arrangement (including any acquisition on behalf of such trust or similar arrangement by the trustees or similar Persons) provided that all of the current beneficiaries of such trust or similar arrangement are Persons described in clauses (A)-(C) or their lineal descendants, or (F) the voting trust which expires on June 30, 2035, or any successor to such voting trust, including the trustees of such voting trust on behalf of such voting trust (all such Persons, collectively, the “Exempted Persons”);

(2)  individuals who, as of July 29, 2011, constituted the Board (the “Incumbent Board”) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of such Board; provided thatany individual who becomes a director of the Company after July 29, 2011, whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders, was approved by the vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be deemed a member of the Incumbent Board; and provided further, that any individual who was initially elected as a director of the Company as a result of an actual or threatened solicitation by a Person other than the Board for the purpose of opposing a solicitation by any other Person with respect to the election or removal of directors or any other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of any Person other than the Board shall not be deemed a member of the Incumbent Board;

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(3)  consummation of a reorganization, merger or consolidation or sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company (a “Corporate Transaction”), excluding, however, a Corporate Transaction pursuant to which (i) all or substantially all of the Persons who are the beneficial owners of the Outstanding Voting Securities immediately prior to such Corporate Transaction will beneficially own, directly or indirectly, (x) sufficient voting power to elect at least a majority of the members of the board of directors of the corporation resulting from the Corporate Transaction and (y) more than 50% of the combined voting power of the outstanding securities which are entitled to vote generally on matters (without regard to the election of directors) of the corporation resulting from such Corporate Transaction (including in each of clauses (x) and (y), without limitation, a corporation which as a result of such transaction owns, either directly or indirectly, the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets), in substantially the same proportions relative to each other as the shares of Outstanding Voting Securities are owned immediately prior to such Corporate Transaction, (ii) no Person (other than the following Persons:  (v) the Company or an Affiliate, (w) any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or an Affiliate, (x) the corporation resulting from such Corporate Transaction, (y) the Exempted Persons, and (z) any Person which beneficially owned, immediately prior to such Corporate Transaction, directly or indirectly, 50% or more of the Outstanding Voting Securities) will beneficially own, directly or indirectly, 50% or more of the combined voting power of the outstanding securities of such corporation entitled to vote generally on matters (without regard to the election of directors) and (iii) individuals who were members of the Incumbent Board will constitute at least a majority of the members of the board of directors of the corporation resulting from such Corporate Transaction; or

(4)  approval by the stockholders of the Company of a plan of complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company.

2.7.Compliance with Applicable Law.  The Option is subject to the condition that if the listing, registration or qualification of the shares of Common Stock subject to the Option upon any securities exchange or under any law, or the consent or approval of any governmental body, or the taking of any other action is necessary or desirable as a condition of, or in connection with, the delivery of shares hereunder, such shares will not be delivered unless such listing, registration, qualification, consent, approval or other action shall have been effected or obtained, free of any conditions not acceptable to the Company.  The Company agrees to use reasonable efforts to effect or obtain any such listing, registration, qualification, consent, approval or other action.

2.8.Delivery of Shares.  Upon the exercise of the Option, in whole or in part, the Company shall, subject to Section 2.4, deliver or cause to be delivered the shares of Common Stock purchased against full payment therefor.  The holder of the Option shall pay all original issue or transfer taxes and all fees and expenses incident to such delivery, unless the Company in its discretion elects to make such payment.

2.9.Option Confers No Rights as Stockholder.  The holder of the Option shall not be entitled to any privileges of ownership with respect to shares of Common Stock subject to the Option unless and until such shares are purchased and delivered upon an exercise of the Option and the holder becomes a stockholder of record with respect to such delivered shares. 

10

2.10.Company to Reserve Shares.  The Company shall at all times prior to the expiration or termination of the Option reserve and keep available, either in its treasury or out of its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock, the full number of shares subject to the Option from time to time.

2.11.Option subject to Clawback.  The Option and any shares of Common Stock delivered pursuant to the Option are subject to forfeiture, recovery by the Company or other action pursuant to any clawback or recoupment policy which the Company may adopt from time to time, including without limitation any such policy which the Company may be required to adopt under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and implementing rules and regulations thereunder, oras otherwise required by law.

3.Miscellaneous Provisions.

3.1.Option Confers No Rights to Continued Employment or Service.  In no event shall the granting of the Option or the acceptance of this Award Agreement and the Option by the Optionee give or be deemed to give the Optionee any right to continued employment by or service with any Employer or any subsidiary or affiliate of an Employer.

3.2.Decisions of Committee.  The Committee or its delegate shall have the right to resolve all questions which may arise in connection with the Option or its exercise.  Any interpretation, determination or other action made or taken by the Committee or its delegate regarding the Plan or this Award Agreement shall be final, binding and conclusive.

3.3.Award Agreement subject to the Plan.  This Award Agreement is subject to the provisions of the Plan, as it may be amended from time to time, and shall be interpreted in accordance therewith.  The Optionee hereby acknowledges receipt of a copy of the Plan.

3.4.Successors.  This Award Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of any successor or successors of the Company and any Person or Persons who shall acquire any rights hereunder in accordance with this Award Agreement or the Plan.

3.5.Notices.  All notices, requests or other communications provided for in this Award Agreement shall be made in writing either (a) by actual delivery to the party entitled thereto, (b) by mailing in the UnitedStates mails to the last known address of the party entitled thereto, via certified or registered mail, postage prepaid and return receipt requested, (c) by telecopy with confirmation of receipt or (d) by electronic mail, utilizing notice of undelivered electronic mail features.  The notice, request or other communication shall be deemed to be received (a) in the case of delivery, on the date of its actual receipt by the party entitled thereto, (b) in the case of mailing by certified or registered mail, five days following the date of such mailing, (c) in the case of telecopy, on the date of confirmation of receipt or (d) in the case of electronic mail, on the date of mailing, but only if a notice of undelivered electronic mail is not received.

3.6.Governing Law.  The Option, this Award Agreement, and all determinations made and actions taken pursuant thereto and hereto, to the extent otherwise not governed by the Code or the laws of the United States, shall be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware and construed in accordance therewith without regard to principles of conflicts of laws.

11

3.7.Counterparts.  This Award Agreement may be executed in counterparts each of which shall be deemed an original and both of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

		TELEPHONE AND DATA SYSTEMS, INC.
	By:
		LeRoy T. Carlson, Jr.
		President and CEO
Accepted this ___ day of ______
___________________ , 2016.
Optionee

12

EX-12

Exhibit 12

TELEPHONE AND DATA SYSTEMS, INC.

RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

			Three Months Ended
			March 31,
			2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
EARNINGS:
	Income before income taxes1		$	23	$	292
	Add (deduct):
		Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities		(35)		(35)
		Distributions from unconsolidated entities		14		13
		Amortization of capitalized interest		2		2
		Income attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries   that do not have fixed charges		(1)		(6)
				3		266
	Add fixed charges:
		Consolidated interest expense2		41		34
		Interest portion (1/3) of consolidated rent expense		15		15
			$	59	$	315
FIXED CHARGES:
		Consolidated interest expense2	$	41	$	34
		Capitalized interest		1		2
		Interest portion (1/3) of consolidated rent expense		15		15
			$	57	$	51
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES3				1.03		6.18
1		Includes Gain on sale of business and other exit costs, net of $124 million in 2015.  Additionally, includes $123 million of Gain on license sales and exchanges, net in 2015.
2		Interest expense on income tax contingencies is not included in fixed charges.
3		Ratio of earnings to fixed charges and preferred dividends was also 1.03 and 6.18 for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

Certification of principal executive officer

I, LeRoy T. Carlson, Jr., certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

1. designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
2. designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
3. evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
4. disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

1. all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
2. any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:May 6, 2016

/s/ LeRoy T. Carlson, Jr.

LeRoy T. Carlson, Jr.

President and Chief Executive Officer

(principal executive officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

Certification of principal financial officer

I, Douglas D. Shuma, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

1. designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
2. designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
3. evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
4. disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

1. all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
2. any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:May 6, 2016

/s/ Douglas D. Shuma

Douglas D. Shuma

Senior Vice President - Finance and Chief Accounting Officer

(principal financial officer and principal accounting officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

Certification Pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63

of Title 18 of the United States Code

I, LeRoy T. Carlson, Jr., the principal executive officer of Telephone and Data Systems, Inc., certify that (i) the quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of 2016 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and (ii) the information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.

/s/ LeRoy T. Carlson, Jr.

LeRoy T. Carlson, Jr.

May 6, 2016

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has been provided to Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. and will be retained by Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

Certification Pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63

of Title 18 of the United States Code

I, Douglas D. Shuma, the principal financial officer of Telephone and Data Systems, Inc., certify that (i) the quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of 2016 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and (ii) the information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.

/s/ Douglas D. Shuma

Douglas D. Shuma

May 6, 2016

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has been provided to Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. and will be retained by Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

XML

Document And Entity Information	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016 shares
Entity Registrant Name	TELEPHONE & DATA SYSTEMS INC /DE/
Entity Central Index Key	0001051512
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2016
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2016
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Trading Symbol	TDS
Common Shares
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	101,822,914
Series A Common Shares
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	7,218,406

XML

Consolidated Statement Of Operations - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Operating revenues
Service	$ 1,000	$ 1,073
Equipment and product sales	243	179
Total operating revenues	1,243	1,252
Operating expenses
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)	288	294
Cost of equipment and products	291	272
Selling, general and administrative	431	438
Depreciation, amortization and accretion	212	207
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net	6	5
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net		(124)
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net		(123)
Total operating expenses	1,228	969
Operating income	15	283
Investment and other income (expense)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities	35	35
Interest and dividend income	14	8
Interest expense	(41)	(34)
Total investment and other income	8	9
Income before income taxes	23	292
Income tax expense	13	116
Net income	10	176
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax	2	30
Net income attributable to TDS shareholders	8	146
Net income available to TDS common shareholders	$ 8	$ 146
Basic weighted average shares outstanding	109	108
Basic earnings per share available to TDS common shareholders	$ 0.07	$ 1.35
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding	110	109
Diluted earnings per share available to TDS common shareholders	$ 0.07	$ 1.33
Dividends per share to TDS shareholders	$ 0.148	$ 0.141

XML

Consolidated Statement Of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
Net income	$ 10	$ 176
Change related to retirement plan
Change in prior service cost		(1)
Comprehensive income	10	175
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest, net of tax	2	30
Comprehensive income attributable to TDS shareholders	$ 8	$ 145

XML

Consolidated Statement Of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$ 10	$ 176
Add (deduct) adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities
Depreciation, amortization and accretion	212	207
Bad debts expense	19	30
Stock-based compensation expense	9	8
Deferred income taxes, net	5	(47)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities	(35)	(35)
Distributions from unconsolidated entities	14	13
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net	6	5
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net		(124)
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net		(123)
Noncash interest expense	1	1
Changes in assets and liabilities from operations
Accounts receivable	20	21
Equipment installment plans receivable	(41)	(36)
Inventory	(1)	95
Accounts payable	39	(14)
Customer deposits and deferred revenues	(6)	13
Accrued taxes	63	252
Accrued interest	9	9
Other assets and liabilities	(78)	(96)
Net cash provided by operating activities	246	355
Cash flows from investing activities
Cash used for additions to property, plant and equipment	(159)	(166)
Cash paid for acquisitions and licenses		(281)
Cash received from divestitures and exchanges	2	274
Other investing activities		3
Net cash used in investing activities	(157)	(170)
Cash flows from financing activities
Repayment of long-term debt	(3)
U.S. Cellular Common Shares reissued for benefit plans, net of tax payments	1
Repurchase of TDS Common Shares	(3)
Repurchase of U.S. Cellular Common Shares	(2)	(2)
Dividends paid to TDS shareholders	(16)	(15)
Payment of debt issuance costs		(3)
Other financing activities	3	(2)
Net cash used in financing activities	(20)	(22)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	69	163
Cash and cash equivalents
Beginning of period	985	472
End of period	$ 1,054	$ 635

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheet - USD ($) $ in Millions		Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$ 1,054	$ 985
Accounts receivable
Due from customers and agents, less allowances of $44 and $49, respectively		700	705
Other, less allowances of $1 and $1, respectively		92	98
Inventory, net		160	158
Prepaid expenses		130	112
Income taxes receivable		5	70
Other current assets		32	30
Total current assets		2,173	2,158
Assets held for sale		26
Licenses		1,818	1,844
Goodwill		766	766
Franchise rights		244	244
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $148 and $144, respectively		43	47
Investments in unconsolidated entities		423	402
Property, plant and equipment
In service and under construction		11,581	11,520
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization		7,902	7,756
Property, plant and equipment, net		3,679	3,764
Other assets and deferred charges		211	197
Total assets	[1]	9,383	9,422
Current liabilities
Current portion of long-term debt		14	14
Accounts payable		355	349
Customer deposits and deferred revenues		283	288
Accrued interest		21	12
Accrued taxes		36	41
Accrued compensation		75	113
Other current liabilities		106	127
Total current liabilities		890	944
Deferred liabilities and credits
Net deferred income tax liability		905	900
Other deferred liabilities and credits		441	433
Long-term debt, net		$ 2,437	$ 2,440
Commitments and contingencies
Noncontrolling interests with redemption features		$ 2	$ 1
TDS shareholders' equity
Series A Common and Common Shares		1	1
Capital in excess of par value		2,372	2,365
Treasury shares at cost		(726)	(727)
Retained earnings		2,479	2,487
Total TDS shareholders' equity		4,126	4,126
Preferred shares		1	1
Noncontrolling interests		581	577
Total equity		4,708	4,704
Total liabilities and equity	[1]	$ 9,383	$ 9,422

[1] The consolidated total assets as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 include certain assets held by consolidated VIEs of $804 million and $658 million, respectively, which are not available to be used to settle the obligations of TDS. The consolidated total liabilities as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 include certain liabilities of consolidated VIEs of $16 million and $1 million, respectively, for which the creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of TDS. See Note 8 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information.

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheet Parenthetical - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Current assets
Due from customers and agents, less allowances	$ 44	$ 49
Other, less allowances	1	1
Investments
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization	$ 148	$ 144
TDS shareholders' equity
Authorized shares	290	290
Issued shares	133	133
Outstanding shares	109	109
Par value	$ 1	$ 1
Variable Interest Entities VIEs
Total VIE assets that can be used to settle only the VIEs' obligations	804	658
Total VIE liabilities for which creditors have no recourse	$ 16	$ 1
Treasury Shares
TDS shareholders' equity
Treasury shares at cost	24	24
Series A Common Shares
TDS shareholders' equity
Authorized shares	25	25
Issued shares	7	7
Outstanding shares	7	7
Par value per share	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common Shares
TDS shareholders' equity
Authorized shares	265	265
Issued shares	126	126
Outstanding shares	102	102
Par value per share	$ 0.01	$ 0.01

XML

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity - USD ($) $ in Millions	Total	Series A Common and Common Shares	Capital in Excess of Par Value	Treasury Shares	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Retained Earnings	Total TDS Shareholders' Equity	Preferred Shares	Noncontrolling Interests
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2014	$ 4,455	$ 1	$ 2,337	$ (748)	$ 6	$ 2,330	$ 3,926	$ 1	$ 528
Net income attributable to TDS shareholders	146					146	146
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests classified as equity	24								24
TDS Common and Series A Common Share dividends	(15)					(15)	(15)
Dividend reinvestment plan	2		1	1			2
Incentive and compensation plans				1		(1)
Adjust investment in subsidiaries for repurchases, issuances and other compensation plans	4		5				5		(1)
Stock-based compensation awards	2		2				2
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2015	4,618	1	2,345	(746)	$ 6	2,460	4,066	1	551
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2015	4,704	1	2,365	(727)		2,487	4,126	1	577
Net income attributable to TDS shareholders	8					8	8
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests classified as equity	1								1
TDS Common and Series A Common Share dividends	(16)					(16)	(16)
Repurchase of Common shares	(3)			(3)			(3)
Dividend reinvestment plan	3		1	2			3
Incentive and compensation plans	1		(1)	2			1
Adjust investment in subsidiaries for repurchases, issuances and other compensation plans	5		2				2		3
Stock-based compensation awards	4		4				4
Tax windfall (shortfall) from stock awards	1		1				1
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2016	$ 4,708	$ 1	$ 2,372	$ (726)		$ 2,479	$ 4,126	$ 1	$ 581

XML

Basis of Presentation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Disclosure Text Block

Basis of Presentation

Note 1Basis of Presentation

The accounting policies of Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. (“TDS”) conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) as set forth in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”).  The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of TDS and subsidiaries in which it has a controlling financial interest, including TDS’ 84%-owned wireless telephone subsidiary, United States Cellular Corporation (“U.S. Cellular”) and TDS’ wholly-owned subsidiary, TDS Telecommunications Corporation (“TDS Telecom”).  In addition, the consolidated financial statements include certain entities in which TDS has a variable interest that require consolidation under GAAP.  All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by TDS pursuant to the rulesand regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rulesand regulations.  However, TDS believes that the disclosures included herein are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.Calculated amounts and percentages are based on the underlying actual numbers rather than the numbers rounded to millions as presented.  These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in TDS’ Annual Report on Form10-K (“Form10-K”) for the year ended December 31, 2015.

TDS’ business segments reflected in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2016are U.S. Cellular, Wireline, Cable, and Hosted and Managed Services (“HMS”) operations.  TDS’ non-reportable other business activities are presented as “Corporate, Eliminations and Other”, which includes the operations of TDS’ wholly-owned subsidiary Suttle-Straus, Inc. (“Suttle-Straus”).  Suttle-Straus’ financial results were not significant to TDS’ operations.  All of TDS’ segments operate only in the United States, except for HMS, which includes an insignificant foreign operation.  See Note 10 — Business Segment Information for summary financial information on each business segment.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring items, unless otherwise disclosed) necessary for the fair statement of TDS’ financial position as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and its results of operations, cash flows, comprehensive income and changes in equity for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015.  These results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2014-09”).  ASU 2014-09 outlines a single comprehensive model to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers.  In August 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Deferral of the Effective Date, requiring the adoption of ASU 2014-09 on January 1, 2018 for TDS.  Early adoption as of January 1, 2017 is permitted; however, TDS does not intend to adopt early.  TDS is evaluating the effects that adoption of ASU 2014-09 will have on its financial position and results of operations.

In August 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (“ASU 2014-15”).  ASU 2014-15 requires TDS to assess its ability to continue as a going concern each interim and annual reporting period and provide certain disclosures if there is substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern, including management’s plan to alleviate the substantial doubt.  TDS is required to adopt the provisions of ASU 2014-15 for the annual period ending December 31, 2016, but early adoption is permitted.  The adoption of ASU 2014-15 will not impact TDS’ financial position or results of operations but may impact future disclosures.

In July 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2015-11, Inventory: Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory (“ASU 2015-11”), which requires inventory to be measured at the lower of cost or net realizable value.  TDS is required to adopt ASU 2015-11 on January 1, 2017.  Early adoption is permitted.  TDS is evaluating the effects that adoption of ASU 2015-11 will have on its financial position and results of operations.

In January 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“ASU 2016-01”).  This ASU introduces changes to current accounting for equity investments and financial liabilities under the fair value option and the presentation and disclosure requirements for financial instruments.  TDS is required to adopt ASU 2016-01 on January 1, 2018.  Certain provisions are eligible for early adoption.  TDS is evaluating the effects that adoption of ASU 2016-01 will have on its financial position and results of operations.

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-02, Leases (“ASU 2016-02”).  ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to record a right-of-use asset and lease liability for almost all leases.  This ASU does not substantially impact lessor accounting.  TDS is required to adopt ASU 2016-02 on January 1, 2019.  Early adoption is permitted.  Upon adoption of ASU 2016-02, TDS expects a substantial increase to assets and liabilities on its balance sheet.  TDS is still evaluating the full effects that adoption of ASU 2016-02 will have on its financial position and results of operations.

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-04, Liabilities – Extinguishments of Liabilities: Recognition of Breakage from Certain Prepaid Stored-Value Products (“ASU 2016-04”). ASU 2016-04 requires companies that sell prepaid stored-value products redeemable for goods, services or cash at third-party merchants to recognize breakage (i.e. the value that is ultimately not redeemed by the consumer) in a way that is consistent with how it will be recognized under the new revenue recognition standard.  TDS is required to adopt ASU 2016-04 on January 1, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. TDS is evaluating the effects that adoption of ASU 2016-04 will have on its financial position and results of operations.

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net) (“ASU 2016-08”).  The amendments in ASU 2016-08 clarify the guidance on principal versus agent considerations as it relates to recognizing revenue.  TDS is required to adopt ASU 2016-08 on January 1, 2018 in conjunction with the effective date of ASU 2014-09.  Early adoption as of January 1, 2017 is permitted; however, TDS does not intend to adopt early.  TDS is evaluating the effects that adoption of ASU 2016-08 will have on its financial position and results of operations.

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation: Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (“ASU 2016-09”).  ASU 2016-09 intends to simplify the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows.  TDS is required to adopt ASU 2016-09 on January 1, 2017.  Early adoption is permitted.  TDS is evaluating the effects that adoption of ASU 2016-09 will have on its financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

In April 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing (“ASU 2016-10”).  ASU 2016-10 provides clarification around identifying performance obligations and accounting arrangements whereby a license is granted as it relates to ASC 606 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers.  TDS is required to adopt ASU 2016-10 on January 1, 2018 in conjunction with the effective date of ASU 2014-09.  Early adoption as of January 1, 2017 is permitted; however, TDS does not intend to adopt early.  TDS is evaluating the effects that adoption of ASU 2016-10 will have on its financial position and results of operations.

Amounts Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities

TDS records amounts collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities net within a tax liability account if the tax is assessed upon the customer and TDS merely acts as an agent in collecting the tax on behalf of the imposing governmental authority.  If the tax is assessed upon TDS, then amounts collected from customers as recovery of the tax are recorded in Service revenues and amounts remitted to governmental authorities are recorded in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.  The amounts recorded gross in revenues that are billed to customers and remitted to governmental authorities totaled $23 million and $26 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

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Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Disclosure Text Block

Fair Value Measurements

Note 2Fair Value Measurements

As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, TDS did not have any financial or nonfinancial assets or liabilities that were required to be recorded at fair value in its Consolidated Balance Sheet in accordance with GAAP.

The provisions of GAAP establish a fair value hierarchy that contains three levels for inputs used in fair value measurements.  Level 1 inputs include quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.  Level 2 inputs include quoted market prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or quoted market prices for identical assets and liabilities in inactive markets.  Level 3 inputs are unobservable.  A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.  A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is not representative of its expected performance or its overall risk profile and, therefore, Level 3 assets are not necessarily higher risk than Level 2 or Level 1 assets.

TDS has applied the provisions of fair value accounting for purposes of computing the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes as displayed below.

		Level within the Fair Value Hierarchy	March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
			Book Value		Fair Value		Book Value		Fair Value
(Dollars in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents		1	$	1,054	$	1,054	$	985	$	985
Long-term debt
	Retail	2		1,753		1,778		1,753		1,766
	Institutional	2		533		485		533		501
	Other	2		213		212		216		215

The fair value of Cash and cash equivalents approximates the book value due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments.  Long-term debt excludes capital lease obligations and the current portion of Long-term debt. The fair value of “Retail” Long-term debt was estimated using market prices for TDS’ 7.0% Senior Notes, 6.875% Senior Notes, 6.625% Senior Notes and 5.875% Senior Notes, and U.S. Cellular’s 6.95% Senior Notes, 7.25% Senior Notes due 2063 and 7.25% Senior Notes due 2064.  TDS’ “Institutional” debt consists of U.S. Cellular’s 6.7% Senior Notes which are traded over the counter.  TDS’ “Other” debt consists of a senior term loan credit facility and other borrowings with financial institutions.  TDS estimated the fair value of its Institutional and Other debt through a discounted cash flow analysis using the interest rates or estimated yield to maturity for each borrowing, which ranged from 0.00% to 7.84% and 0.00% to 7.51% at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

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Equipment Installment Plans

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Disclosure Text Block

Equipment Installment Plans

Note 3Equipment Installment Plans

TDS offers customers, through its owned and agent distribution channels, the option to purchase certain devices under equipment installment contracts over a specified time period.  For certain equipment installment plans (“EIP”), after a specified period of time or amount of payments, the customer may have the right to upgrade to a new device and have the remaining unpaid equipment installment contract balance waived, subject to certain conditions, including trading in the original device in good working condition and signing a new equipment installment contract.  TDS values this trade-in right as a guarantee liability.  The guarantee liability is initially measured at fair value and is determined based on assumptions including the probability and timing of the customer upgrading to a new device and the fair value of the device being traded-in at the time of trade-in.  As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the guarantee liability related to these plans was $77 million and $93 million, respectively, and is reflected in Customer deposits and deferred revenues in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. 

TDS equipment installment plans do not provide for explicit interest charges.  For equipment installment plans with a duration of greater than twelve months, TDS imputes interest.  Equipment installment plan receivables had a weighted average effective imputed interest rate of 9.9% and 9.7% as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

The following table summarizes unbilled equipment installment plan receivables as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.  Such amounts are included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as Accounts receivable – customers and agents and Other assets and deferred charges, where applicable.

	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
(Dollars in millions)
Short-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, gross	$	300	$	279
Short-term portion of unbilled deferred interest		(23)		(21)
Short-term portion of unbilled allowance for credit losses		(16)		(14)
Short-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, net	$	261	$	244
Long-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, gross	$	91	$	76
Long-term portion of unbilled deferred interest		(3)		(2)
Long-term portion of unbilled allowance for credit losses		(7)		(6)
Long-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, net	$	81	$	68

TDS assesses the collectability of the equipment installment plan receivables based on historical payment experience, account aging and other qualitative factors and provides an allowance for estimated losses.  The credit profiles of TDS customers on equipment installment plans are similar to those of TDS customers with traditional subsidized plans.  Customers with a higher risk credit profile are required to make a deposit for equipment purchased through an installment contract.

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Earnings Per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Disclosure Text Block

Earnings per Share

Note 4Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share available to TDS common shareholders is computed by dividing Net income available to TDS common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted earnings per share available to TDS common shareholders is computed by dividing Net income available to TDS common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period adjusted to include the effects of potentially dilutive securities.  Potentially dilutive securities primarily include incremental shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options and the vesting of restricted stock units.

The amounts used in computing earnings per common share and the effects of potentially dilutive securities on the weighted average number of common shares were as follows:

				Three Months Ended
				March 31,
				2016		2015
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share amounts)
Basic earnings per share available to TDS common shareholders:
	Net income available to TDS common shareholders     used in basic earnings per share			$	8	$	146
Adjustments to compute diluted earnings:
	Noncontrolling interest adjustment				–		(1)
	Net income available to TDS common shareholders
		used in diluted earnings per share		$	8	$	145
Weighted average number of shares used in basic
	earnings per share:
		Common Shares			102		101
		Series A Common Shares			7		7
			Total		109		108
Effects of dilutive securities1					1		1
Weighted average number of shares used in diluted
	earnings per share				110		109
Basic earnings per share available to TDS common
	shareholders			$	0.07	$	1.35
Diluted earnings per share available to TDS common
	shareholders			$	0.07	$	1.33
	1		Includes effects of stock options, restricted stock units and preferred shares.

Certain Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted stock units or conversion of preferred shares were not included in average diluted shares outstanding for the calculation of Diluted earnings per share available to TDS common shareholders because their effects were antidilutive.  The number of such Common Shares excluded was7 million shares and 6 million shares for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

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Acquisitions Divestures And Exchanges

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Disclosure Text Block

Acquisitions, Divestures and Exchanges

Note 5Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges

In the first quarter of 2016, U.S. Cellular entered into multiple agreements to transfer FCC licenses in non-operating markets and receive FCC licenses in operating markets.  The agreements were with third parties and provide for the transfer of certain AWS and PCS spectrum licensesand approximately $29 million, net, in cash to U.S. Cellular, in exchange for U.S. Cellular transferring certainAWS, PCS and 700 MHz spectrum licenses to the third parties.  The transactions are subject to regulatory approval and other customary closing conditions, and are expected to close in 2016.  Upon closing of each transaction, U.S. Cellular expects to recognize a gain.  As a result of these exchange agreements, licenses with a carrying value of $26 million have been classified as “Assets held for sale” in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2016.

In 2015 and 2016, U.S. Cellular entered into multiple spectrum license purchase agreements that have not yet closed.  The aggregate purchase price for these spectrum licenses is $54 million.  These agreements are for spectrum licenses located in U.S. Cellular’s existing operating markets and are expected to close in 2016.

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Intangible Assets

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Disclosure Text Block

Intangible Assets

Note 6Intangible Assets

Changes in Licenses at TDS for the three months endedMarch 31, 2016 are presented below.  There were no significant changes to Franchise rights, Goodwill or Other intangible assets during the three months endedMarch 31, 2016.

Licenses
(Dollars in millions)
Balance December 31, 2015¹			$	1,844
	Transferred to Assets held for sale			(26)
Balance March 31, 2016¹			$	1,818
1		Amounts include payments totaling $338 million made by Advantage Spectrum L.P. to the FCC for licenses in which it was the provisional winning bidder in Auction 97.  These licenses have not yet been granted by the FCC.  See Note 8 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information.

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Investments In Unconsolidated Entities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Disclosure Text Block

Investments in Unconsolidated Entities

Note 7Investments in Unconsolidated Entities

Investments in unconsolidated entities consist of amounts invested in wireless and wireline entities in which TDS holds a noncontrolling interest.  These investments are accounted for using either the equity or cost method.

The following table, which is based in part on information provided by third parties, summarizes the combined results of operations of TDS’ equity method investments.

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Revenues	$	1,688	$	1,735
Operating expenses		1,236		1,291
Operating income		452		444
Other income (expense), net		(4)		4
Net income	$	448	$	448

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Variable Interest Entities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Disclosure Text Block

Variable Interest Entities

Note 8Variable Interest Entities

In February 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2015-02, Consolidation: Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis (“ASU 2015-02”).  ASU 2015-02 changes consolidation accounting including revising certain criteria for identifying variable interest entities.  TDS adopted the provisions of this standard as of January 1, 2016.  As a result, certain consolidated subsidiaries and unconsolidated entities that were not defined as variable interest entities under previous accounting guidance are defined as variable interest entities under the provisions of ASU 2015-02.  TDS’ modified retrospective adoption of ASU 2015-02 did not change the group of entities which TDS is required to consolidate in its financial statements.  Accordingly, the adoption of ASU 2015-02 did not impact its financial position or results of operations.

Consolidated VIEs

TDS consolidates variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which it has a controlling financial interestas defined by GAAP and is therefore deemed the primary beneficiary.  A controlling financial interest will have both of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the VIE activities that most significantly impact economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb the VIE losses and right to receive benefits that are significant to the VIE.  TDS reviews these criteria initially at the time it enters into agreements and subsequently when events warranting reconsideration occur.These VIEshave risks similar to those described in the “Risk Factors” in TDS’ Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

The following VIEs were formed to participate in FCC auctions of wireless spectrum and to fund, establish, and provide wireless service with respect to any FCC licenses won in the auctions:

• Advantage Spectrum L.P. (“Advantage Spectrum”) and Frequency Advantage L.P., the general partner of Advantage Spectrum;
• Aquinas Wireless L.P. (“Aquinas Wireless”); and
• King Street Wireless L.P. (“King Street Wireless”) and King Street Wireless, Inc., the general partner of King Street Wireless.

These particular VIEs are collectively referred to as designated entities.  Historically and as of March 31, 2016, TDS consolidated these VIEs. 

The power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of these VIEs is shared.  Specifically, the general partner of these VIEs has the exclusive right to manage, operate and control the limited partnerships and make all decisions to carry on the business of the partnerships.  The general partner of each partnership needs the consent of the limited partner, an indirect TDS subsidiary, to sell or lease certain licenses, to make certain large expenditures, admit other partners or liquidate the limited partnerships.  Although the power to direct the activities of these VIEs is shared, TDS has the most significant level of exposure to the variability associated with the economic performance of the VIEs, indicating that TDS is the primary beneficiary of the VIEs.  Therefore, in accordance with GAAP, these VIEs are consolidated.

In March 2015, King Street Wireless made a $60 million distribution to its owners. Of this distribution, $6 million was provided to King Street Wireless, Inc. and $54 million was provided to U.S. Cellular.

FCC Auction 97 ended in January 2015.  TDS participated in Auction 97 indirectly through its interest in Advantage Spectrum.  An indirect subsidiary of TDSis a limited partner in Advantage Spectrum.  Advantage Spectrum applied as a designated entity, and expects to receive bid credits with respect to spectrum purchased in Auction 97.  Advantage Spectrum was the winning bidder for 124 licenses for an aggregate bid of $338 million, after its expected designated entity discount of 25%. This amount is classified as Licenses in TDS’ Consolidated Balance Sheet. Advantage Spectrum’s bid amount, less the initial deposit of $60 million paid in 2014, plus certain other charges totaling $2 million, was paid to the FCC in March 2015.As of March 31, 2016 and as of the filing date of this Form 10-Q, these licenses have not yet been granted by and are still pending before the FCC.

The remaining VIEs are comprised of limited partnerships that provide wireless service.  ASU 2015-02 modified the manner in which limited partnerships and similar legal entities are evaluated under the variable interest model.  A limited partnership is a variable interest entity unless the limited partners hold substantive participating rights or kick-out rights over the general partners.  For certain limited partnerships, U.S. Cellular is the general partner and manages the operations.  In these partnerships, the limited partners do not have substantive kick-out or participating rights and, further, such limited partners do not have the authority to remove the general partner.  Therefore, beginning January 1, 2016, these limited partnerships are also recognized as VIEs and are consolidated under the variable interest model. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2015-02, these limited partnerships were consolidated under the voting interest model. 

The following table presents the classification and balances of the consolidated VIEs’ assets and liabilities in TDS’ Consolidated Balance Sheet.

			March 31,		December 31,
			2016¹		2015¹
(Dollars in millions)
Assets
	Cash and cash equivalents		$	2	$	1
	Accounts receivable			35		–
	Other current assets			6		–
	Licenses2			649		649
	Property, plant and equipment, net			103		8
	Other assets and deferred charges			9		–
		Total assets	$	804	$	658
Liabilities
	Current liabilities		$	22	$	–
	Deferred liabilities and credits			11		1
		Total liabilities	$	33	$	1
1		ASU 2015-02 was adopted on a modified retrospective basis and, accordingly, prior year amounts have not been revised to reflect the change in guidance.
2		Includes payments totaling $338 million made by Advantage Spectrum to the FCC as described above.

Unconsolidated VIEs

TDS manages the operations of and holds a variable interest in certain other limited partnerships, but is not the primary beneficiary of these entities and, therefore, does not consolidate them under the variable interest model outlined in ASU 2015-02.

TDS’ total investment in these unconsolidated entities was $5 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and is included in Investments in unconsolidated entities in TDS’ Consolidated Balance Sheet.  The maximum exposure from unconsolidated VIEs is limited to the investment held by TDS in those entities. 

Other Related Matters

TDS made contributions, loans and/or advances to its VIEs totaling $13 million and $281 million during the three months endedMarch 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015, respectively.  TDS may agree to make additional capital contributions and/or advances to these or other VIEs and/or to their general partners to provide additional funding for operations or the development of licenses granted in various auctions.  TDS may finance such amounts with a combination of cash on hand, borrowings under its revolving credit agreement and/or other long-term debt.  There is no assurance that TDS will be able to obtain additional financing on commercially reasonable terms or at all to provide such financial support.

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Noncontrolling Interests

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Disclosure Text Block

Noncontrolling Interests

Note 9Noncontrolling Interests

The following schedule discloses the effects of Net income attributable to TDS shareholders and changes in TDS’ ownership interest in U.S. Cellular on TDS’ equity:

Three Months Ended March 31,			2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Net income attributable to TDS shareholders			$	8	$	146
	Transfer (to) from the noncontrolling interests
		Change in TDS' Capital in excess of par value from    U.S. Cellular's issuance of U.S. Cellular shares		(2)		–
		Change in TDS' Capital in excess of par value from    U.S. Cellular's repurchases of U.S. Cellular shares		–		–
		Purchase of ownership in subsidiaries from noncontrolling interests		–		–
		Net transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests		(2)		–
	Change from net income attributable to TDS and    transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests		$	6	$	146

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Business Segment Information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Disclosure Text Block

Business Segment Information

Note 10Business Segment Information

U.S. Cellular and TDS Telecom are billed for all services they receive from TDS, consisting primarily of information processing, accounting and finance, and general management services.  Such billings are based on expenses specifically identified to U.S. Cellular and TDS Telecom and on allocations of common expenses.  Management believes the method used to allocate common expenses is reasonable and that all expenses and costs applicable to U.S. Cellular and TDS Telecom are reflected in the accompanying business segment information on a basis that is representative of what they would have been if U.S. Cellular and TDS Telecom operated on a stand-alone basis.

Financial data for TDS’ reportable segments for the three month period ended, or as of March 31, 2016 and 2015, is as follows.  See Note 1 — Basis of Presentation for additional information.

					TDS Telecom
Three Months Ended or as of March 31, 2016			U.S. Cellular		Wireline		Cable		HMS		TDS Telecom Eliminations		TDS Telecom Total		Corporate, Eliminations and Other		Total
(Dollars in millions)
Operating revenues
	Service		$	760	$	173	$	45	$	29	$	(1)	$	246	$	(6)	$	1,000
	Equipment and product sales			198		–		–		35		–		35		10		243
		Total operating revenues		958		173		45		64		(1)		281		4		1,243
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization
	and accretion reported below)			184		62		22		21		(1)		104		–		288
Cost of equipment and products				256		1		–		29		–		30		5		291
Selling, general and administrative				361		48		12		11		–		71		(1)		431
Depreciation, amortization and accretion				153		42		9		7		–		58		1		212
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net				5		–		1		–		–		1		–		6
Operating income (loss)				(1)		20		1		(4)		–		17		(1)		15
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities				35		–		–		–		–		–		–		35
Interest and dividend income				13		1		–		–		–		1		–		14
Interest expense				(28)		1		–		(1)		–		–		(13)		(41)
Other, net				1		–		(1)		–		–		(1)		–		–
Income (loss) before income taxes				20		22		–		(5)		–		17		(14)		23
Income tax expense (benefit)1				11										7		(5)		13
Net income (loss)				9										10		(9)		10
Add back:
Depreciation, amortization and accretion				153		42		9		7		–		58		1		212
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net				5		–		1		–		–		1		–		6
Interest expense				28		(1)		–		1		–		–		13		41
Income tax expense (benefit)1				11										7		(5)		13
Adjusted EBITDA2			$	206	$	63	$	10	$	3	$	–	$	76	$	–	$	282
Investments in unconsolidated entities			$	384	$	4	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	4	$	35	$	423
Total assets			$	7,057	$	1,291	$	581	$	270	$	–	$	2,142	$	184	$	9,383
Capital expenditures			$	79	$	27	$	13	$	2	$	–	$	42	$	4	$	125

					TDS Telecom
Three Months Ended or as of March 31, 2015			U.S. Cellular		Wireline		Cable		HMS		TDS Telecom Eliminations		TDS Telecom Total		Corporate, Eliminations and Other		Total
(Dollars in millions)
Operating revenues
	Service		$	828	$	176	$	44	$	28	$	(1)	$	247	$	(2)	$	1,073
	Equipment and product sales			137		–		–		33		–		33		9		179
		Total operating revenues		965		176		44		61		(1)		280		7		1,252
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization
	and accretion reported below)			191		62		20		20		–		102		1		294
Cost of equipment and products				238		1		–		27		–		28		6		272
Selling, general and administrative				369		46		13		13		(1)		71		(2)		438
Depreciation, amortization and accretion				147		42		9		6		–		57		3		207
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net				4		–		1		–		–		1		–		5
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net				(111)		–		–		–		–		–		(13)		(124)
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net				(123)		–		–		–		–		–		–		(123)
Operating income (loss)				250		25		1		(5)		–		21		12		283
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities				34		–		–		–		–		–		1		35
Interest and dividend income				8		–		–		–		–		–		–		8
Interest expense				(20)		1		–		(1)		–		–		(14)		(34)
Other, net				–		1		–		–		–		1		(1)		–
Income (loss) before income taxes				272		27		1		(6)		–		22		(2)		292
Income tax expense (benefit)1				107										9		–		116
Net income (loss)				165										13		(2)		176
Add back:
Depreciation, amortization and accretion				147		42		9		6		–		57		3		207
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net				4		–		1		–		–		1		–		5
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net				(111)		–		–		–		–		–		(13)		(124)
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net				(123)		–		–		–		–		–		–		(123)
Interest expense				20		(1)		–		1		–		–		14		34
Income tax expense (benefit)1				107		–		–		–		–		9		–		116
Adjusted EBITDA2			$	209	$	68	$	11	$	1	$	–	$	80	$	2	$	291
Investments in unconsolidated entities			$	305	$	4	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	4	$	34	$	343
Total assets			$	6,606	$	1,366	$	566	$	275	$	–	$	2,207	$	183	$	8,996
Capital expenditures			$	66	$	20	$	12	$	5	$	–	$	37	$	2	$	105

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Fair Value Disclosures

Fair value measurements

TDS has applied the provisions of fair value accounting for purposes of computing the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes as displayed below.

		Level within the Fair Value Hierarchy	March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
			Book Value		Fair Value		Book Value		Fair Value
(Dollars in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents		1	$	1,054	$	1,054	$	985	$	985
Long-term debt
	Retail	2		1,753		1,778		1,753		1,766
	Institutional	2		533		485		533		501
	Other	2		213		212		216		215

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Equipment Installment Plans (Table)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Equipment Installment Plans

Equipment installment plans

The following table summarizes unbilled equipment installment plan receivables as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.  Such amounts are included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as Accounts receivable – customers and agents and Other assets and deferred charges, where applicable.

	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
(Dollars in millions)
Short-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, gross	$	300	$	279
Short-term portion of unbilled deferred interest		(23)		(21)
Short-term portion of unbilled allowance for credit losses		(16)		(14)
Short-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, net	$	261	$	244
Long-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, gross	$	91	$	76
Long-term portion of unbilled deferred interest		(3)		(2)
Long-term portion of unbilled allowance for credit losses		(7)		(6)
Long-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, net	$	81	$	68

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Earnings Per Share (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share

The amounts used in computing earnings per common share and the effects of potentially dilutive securities on the weighted average number of common shares were as follows:

				Three Months Ended
				March 31,
				2016		2015
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share amounts)
Basic earnings per share available to TDS common shareholders:
	Net income available to TDS common shareholders     used in basic earnings per share			$	8	$	146
Adjustments to compute diluted earnings:
	Noncontrolling interest adjustment				–		(1)
	Net income available to TDS common shareholders
		used in diluted earnings per share		$	8	$	145
Weighted average number of shares used in basic
	earnings per share:
		Common Shares			102		101
		Series A Common Shares			7		7
			Total		109		108
Effects of dilutive securities1					1		1
Weighted average number of shares used in diluted
	earnings per share				110		109
Basic earnings per share available to TDS common
	shareholders			$	0.07	$	1.35
Diluted earnings per share available to TDS common
	shareholders			$	0.07	$	1.33
	1		Includes effects of stock options, restricted stock units and preferred shares.

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Intangible Assets (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Licenses

Licenses

Changes in Licenses at TDS for the three months endedMarch 31, 2016 are presented below.  There were no significant changes to Franchise rights, Goodwill or Other intangible assets during the three months endedMarch 31, 2016.

Licenses
(Dollars in millions)
Balance December 31, 2015¹			$	1,844
	Transferred to Assets held for sale			(26)
Balance March 31, 2016¹			$	1,818
1		Amounts include payments totaling $338 million made by Advantage Spectrum L.P. to the FCC for licenses in which it was the provisional winning bidder in Auction 97.  These licenses have not yet been granted by the FCC.  See Note 8 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information.

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Investment in Unconsolidated Entities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Equity Method Investment, Summarized Financial Information

Equity method investments, summarized results of operations

The following table, which is based in part on information provided by third parties, summarizes the combined results of operations of TDS’ equity method investments.

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Revenues	$	1,688	$	1,735
Operating expenses		1,236		1,291
Operating income		452		444
Other income (expense), net		(4)		4
Net income	$	448	$	448

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Variable Interest Entities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Variable Interest Entities VIEs

Consolidated VIE assets and liabilities

The following table presents the classification and balances of the consolidated VIEs’ assets and liabilities in TDS’ Consolidated Balance Sheet.

			March 31,		December 31,
			2016¹		2015¹
(Dollars in millions)
Assets
	Cash and cash equivalents		$	2	$	1
	Accounts receivable			35		–
	Other current assets			6		–
	Licenses2			649		649
	Property, plant and equipment, net			103		8
	Other assets and deferred charges			9		–
		Total assets	$	804	$	658
Liabilities
	Current liabilities		$	22	$	–
	Deferred liabilities and credits			11		1
		Total liabilities	$	33	$	1
1		ASU 2015-02 was adopted on a modified retrospective basis and, accordingly, prior year amounts have not been revised to reflect the change in guidance.
2		Includes payments totaling $338 million made by Advantage Spectrum to the FCC as described above.

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Noncontrolling Interests (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Noncontrolling interests

Noncontrolling interests

The following schedule discloses the effects of Net income attributable to TDS shareholders and changes in TDS’ ownership interest in U.S. Cellular on TDS’ equity:

Three Months Ended March 31,			2016		2015
(Dollars in millions)
Net income attributable to TDS shareholders			$	8	$	146
	Transfer (to) from the noncontrolling interests
		Change in TDS' Capital in excess of par value from    U.S. Cellular's issuance of U.S. Cellular shares		(2)		–
		Change in TDS' Capital in excess of par value from    U.S. Cellular's repurchases of U.S. Cellular shares		–		–
		Purchase of ownership in subsidiaries from noncontrolling interests		–		–
		Net transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests		(2)		–
	Change from net income attributable to TDS and    transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests		$	6	$	146

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Business Segment (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Business segment information

Financial data for TDS’ reportable segments for the three month period ended, or as of March 31, 2016 and 2015, is as follows.  See Note 1 — Basis of Presentation for additional information.

					TDS Telecom
Three Months Ended or as of March 31, 2016			U.S. Cellular		Wireline		Cable		HMS		TDS Telecom Eliminations		TDS Telecom Total		Corporate, Eliminations and Other		Total
(Dollars in millions)
Operating revenues
	Service		$	760	$	173	$	45	$	29	$	(1)	$	246	$	(6)	$	1,000
	Equipment and product sales			198		–		–		35		–		35		10		243
		Total operating revenues		958		173		45		64		(1)		281		4		1,243
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization
	and accretion reported below)			184		62		22		21		(1)		104		–		288
Cost of equipment and products				256		1		–		29		–		30		5		291
Selling, general and administrative				361		48		12		11		–		71		(1)		431
Depreciation, amortization and accretion				153		42		9		7		–		58		1		212
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net				5		–		1		–		–		1		–		6
Operating income (loss)				(1)		20		1		(4)		–		17		(1)		15
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities				35		–		–		–		–		–		–		35
Interest and dividend income				13		1		–		–		–		1		–		14
Interest expense				(28)		1		–		(1)		–		–		(13)		(41)
Other, net				1		–		(1)		–		–		(1)		–		–
Income (loss) before income taxes				20		22		–		(5)		–		17		(14)		23
Income tax expense (benefit)1				11										7		(5)		13
Net income (loss)				9										10		(9)		10
Add back:
Depreciation, amortization and accretion				153		42		9		7		–		58		1		212
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net				5		–		1		–		–		1		–		6
Interest expense				28		(1)		–		1		–		–		13		41
Income tax expense (benefit)1				11										7		(5)		13
Adjusted EBITDA2			$	206	$	63	$	10	$	3	$	–	$	76	$	–	$	282
Investments in unconsolidated entities			$	384	$	4	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	4	$	35	$	423
Total assets			$	7,057	$	1,291	$	581	$	270	$	–	$	2,142	$	184	$	9,383
Capital expenditures			$	79	$	27	$	13	$	2	$	–	$	42	$	4	$	125

					TDS Telecom
Three Months Ended or as of March 31, 2015			U.S. Cellular		Wireline		Cable		HMS		TDS Telecom Eliminations		TDS Telecom Total		Corporate, Eliminations and Other		Total
(Dollars in millions)
Operating revenues
	Service		$	828	$	176	$	44	$	28	$	(1)	$	247	$	(2)	$	1,073
	Equipment and product sales			137		–		–		33		–		33		9		179
		Total operating revenues		965		176		44		61		(1)		280		7		1,252
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization
	and accretion reported below)			191		62		20		20		–		102		1		294
Cost of equipment and products				238		1		–		27		–		28		6		272
Selling, general and administrative				369		46		13		13		(1)		71		(2)		438
Depreciation, amortization and accretion				147		42		9		6		–		57		3		207
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net				4		–		1		–		–		1		–		5
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net				(111)		–		–		–		–		–		(13)		(124)
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net				(123)		–		–		–		–		–		–		(123)
Operating income (loss)				250		25		1		(5)		–		21		12		283
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities				34		–		–		–		–		–		1		35
Interest and dividend income				8		–		–		–		–		–		–		8
Interest expense				(20)		1		–		(1)		–		–		(14)		(34)
Other, net				–		1		–		–		–		1		(1)		–
Income (loss) before income taxes				272		27		1		(6)		–		22		(2)		292
Income tax expense (benefit)1				107										9		–		116
Net income (loss)				165										13		(2)		176
Add back:
Depreciation, amortization and accretion				147		42		9		6		–		57		3		207
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net				4		–		1		–		–		1		–		5
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net				(111)		–		–		–		–		–		(13)		(124)
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net				(123)		–		–		–		–		–		–		(123)
Interest expense				20		(1)		–		1		–		–		14		34
Income tax expense (benefit)1				107		–		–		–		–		9		–		116
Adjusted EBITDA2			$	209	$	68	$	11	$	1	$	–	$	80	$	2	$	291
Investments in unconsolidated entities			$	305	$	4	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	4	$	34	$	343
Total assets			$	6,606	$	1,366	$	566	$	275	$	–	$	2,207	$	183	$	8,996
Capital expenditures			$	66	$	20	$	12	$	5	$	–	$	37	$	2	$	105

1

Income tax expense (benefit) is not provided at the individual segment level for Wireline, Cable and HMS.  TDS calculates income tax expense for “TDS Telecom Total”.

2

Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and accretion (“Adjusted EBITDA”) is a segment measure reported to the chief operating decision maker for purposes of making decisions about allocating resources to the segments and assessing their performance.  Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income, adjusted for the items set forth in the reconciliation above.  Adjusted EBITDA excludes these items in order to show operating results on a more comparable basis from period to period.  From time to time, TDS may also exclude other items from Adjusted EBITDA if such items help reflect operating results on a more comparable basis.  TDS does not intend to imply that any of such items that are excluded are non-recurring, infrequent or unusual; such items may occur in the future.  TDS believes Adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure of TDS’ operating results before significant recurring non-cash charges, discrete gains and losses, and other items as indicated above.

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Basis of Presentation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Basis of Presentation
Business segments, additional information	TDS’ business segments reflected in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2016 are U.S. Cellular, Wireline, Cable, and Hosted and Managed Services (“HMS”) operations. TDS’ non-reportable other business activities are presented as “Corporate, Eliminations and Other”, which includes the operations of TDS’ wholly-owned subsidiary Suttle-Straus, Inc. (“Suttle-Straus”).
Amounts recorded gross in revenues that are billed to customers and remitted to governmental authorities	$ 23	$ 26
U.S. Cellular
Basis of Presentation
TDS ownership of U.S. Cellular	84.00%

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Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Mar. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Financial Instruments
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,054	$ 985	$ 635	$ 472
Institutional and Other | Minimum
Financial Instruments
Fair value assumption, interest rate	0.00%	0.00%
Institutional and Other | Maximum
Financial Instruments
Fair value assumption, interest rate	7.84%	7.51%
Fair Value | Level 1
Financial Instruments
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,054	$ 985
Fair Value | Level 2 | Retail
Financial Instruments
Long-term debt	1,778	1,766
Fair Value | Level 2 | Institutional
Financial Instruments
Long-term debt	485	501
Fair Value | Level 2 | Other
Financial Instruments
Long-term debt	212	215
Book Value
Financial Instruments
Cash and cash equivalents	1,054	985
Book Value | Retail
Financial Instruments
Long-term debt	1,753	1,753
Book Value | Institutional
Financial Instruments
Long-term debt	533	533
Book Value | Other
Financial Instruments
Long-term debt	$ 213	$ 216

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Equipment Installment Plans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Equipment installment plans
Guarantee liability	$ 77	$ 93
Imputed interest rate	9.90%	9.70%
Short-term
Equipment installment plan receivables
Unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, gross	$ 300	$ 279
Unbilled deferred interest	(23)	(21)
Unbilled allowance for credit losses	(16)	(14)
Unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, net	261	244
Long-term
Equipment installment plan receivables
Unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, gross	91	76
Unbilled deferred interest	(3)	(2)
Unbilled allowance for credit losses	(7)	(6)
Unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, net	$ 81	$ 68

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Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions		3 Months Ended
		Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Earnings per share
Net income available to TDS common shareholders used in basic earnings per share		$ 8	$ 146
Noncontrolling interest adjustment			(1)
Net income available to TDS common shareholders used in diluted earnings per share		$ 8	$ 145
Weighted average number of shares used in basic earnings per share		109	108
Effects of dilutive securities	[1]	1	1
Weighted average number of shares used in diluted earnings per share		110	109
Basic earnings per share available to TDS common shareholders		$ 0.07	$ 1.35
Diluted earnings per share available to TDS common shareholders		$ 0.07	$ 1.33
Earnings per share, Other disclosures
Antidilutive securities		7	6
Common Shares
Earnings per share
Weighted average number of shares used in basic earnings per share		102	101
Series A Common Shares
Earnings per share
Weighted average number of shares used in basic earnings per share		7	7

[1] Includes effects of stock options, restricted stock units and preferred shares.

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Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges, acquisitions (Details) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2016 USD ($)
U.S. Cellular | License Acquisitions | Aggregate license acquisitions
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges
License acquisition agreement amount	$ 54

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Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges, exchanges (Details) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2016 USD ($)
Exchanges
Assets held for sale	$ 26
U.S. Cellular | Aggregate license exchanges
Exchanges
Assets held for sale	26
Net cash to be received	$ 29

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Intangible Assets (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016 USD ($)
Licenses
Balance, beginning of period	$ 1,844	[1]
Transferred to Assets held for sale	26
Balance, end of period	1,818	[1]
Total winning bid	$ 338

[1] Amounts include payments totaling $338 million made by Advantage Spectrum L.P. to the FCC for licenses in which it was the provisional winning bidder in Auction 97. These licenses have not yet been granted by the FCC. See Note 8 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information.

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Investment in Unconsolidated Entities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Equity method investments, combined income statements
Revenues	$ 1,688	$ 1,735
Operating expenses	1,236	1,291
Operating income	452	444
Other income (expense), net	(4)	4
Net income	$ 448	$ 448

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Variable Interest Entities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
		Mar. 31, 2015	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2015
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$ 635	$ 1,054	$ 635	$ 472	$ 985
Accounts receivable			700			705
Other current assets			32			30
Licenses			1,818			1,844
Property, plant and equipment, net			3,679			3,764
Other assets and deferred charges			211			197
Liabilities
Current liabilities			890			944
Variable Interest Entities, Other Disclosures
Total winning bid			338
Investments in unconsolidated entities			423			402
U.S. Cellular
Variable Interest Entities, Other Disclosures
Investments in unconsolidated entities		$ 305	384	305
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	[1]		2			1
Accounts receivable	[1]		35
Other current assets	[1]		6
Licenses	[1],[2]		649			649
Property, plant and equipment, net	[1]		103			8
Other assets and deferred charges	[1]		9
Total assets	[1]		804			658
Liabilities
Current liabilities	[1]		22
Deferred liabilities and credits	[1]		11			1
Total liabilities	[1]		33			1
Unconsolidated Variable Interest Entities
Variable Interest Entities, Other Disclosures
Investments in unconsolidated entities			5			$ 5
Aggregated Variable Interest Entities
Variable Interest Entities, Other Disclosures
Capital contributions, loans or advances			$ 13	$ 281
Advantage Spectrum L.P. | U.S. Cellular
Variable Interest Entities, Other Disclosures
Federal Communications Commission deposit					$ 60
Licenses won		124		124
Total winning bid		$ 338		$ 338
Designated entity auction discount		25.00%		25.00%
Other auction charges		$ 2		$ 2
King Street Wireless L.P.
Variable Interest Entities, Other Disclosures
Cash distributions paid		60
King Street Wireless, L.P. distribution paid to U.S. Cellular		54
King Street Wireless, L.P. distribution paid to King Street Wireless, Inc.		$ 6

[1] ASU 2015-02 was adopted on a modified retrospective basis and, accordingly, prior year amounts have not been revised to reflect the change in guidance.

[2] Includes payments totaling $338 million made by Advantage Spectrum to the FCC as described above.

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Noncontrolling Interests (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Noncontrolling interests
Net income attributable to TDS shareholders	$ 8	$ 146
Transfer (to) from the noncontrolling interests
Change in TDS' Capital in excess of par value from U.S. Cellular's issuance of U.S. Cellular shares	(2)
Net transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests	(2)
Change from net income attributable to TDS and transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests	$ 6	$ 146

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Business Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended
		Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2015
Business Segment Information
Service		$ 1,000	$ 1,073
Equipment and product sales		243	179
Total operating revenues		1,243	1,252
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)		288	294
Cost of equipment and products		291	272
Selling, general and administrative		431	438
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		212	207
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		6	5
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net			(124)
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net			(123)
Operating income (loss)		15	283
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities		35	35
Interest and dividend income		14	8
Interest expense		(41)	(34)
Income before income taxes		23	292
Income tax expense (benefit)		13	116
Net income		10	176
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		212	207
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		6	5
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net			(124)
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net			(123)
Interest expense		41	34
Income tax expense		13	116
Adjusted EBITDA	[1]	282	291
Investments in unconsolidated entities		423		$ 402
Total assets	[2]	9,383		$ 9,422
Capital expenditures		125	105
U.S. Cellular
Business Segment Information
Service		760	828
Equipment and product sales		198	137
Total operating revenues		958	965
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)		184	191
Cost of equipment and products		256	238
Selling, general and administrative		361	369
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		153	147
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		5	4
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net			(111)
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net			(123)
Operating income (loss)		(1)	250
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities		35	34
Interest and dividend income		13	8
Interest expense		(28)	(20)
Other, net		1
Income before income taxes		20	272
Income tax expense (benefit)	[3]	11	107
Net income		9	165
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		153	147
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		5	4
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net			(111)
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net			(123)
Interest expense		28	20
Income tax expense	[3]	11	107
Adjusted EBITDA	[1]	206	209
Investments in unconsolidated entities		384	305
Total assets		7,057	6,606
Capital expenditures		79	66
TDS Telecom Wireline
Business Segment Information
Service		173	176
Total operating revenues		173	176
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)		62	62
Cost of equipment and products		1	1
Selling, general and administrative		48	46
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		42	42
Operating income (loss)		20	25
Interest and dividend income		1
Interest expense		1	1
Other, net			1
Income before income taxes		22	27
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		42	42
Interest expense		(1)	(1)
Adjusted EBITDA	[1]	63	68
Investments in unconsolidated entities		4	4
Total assets		1,291	1,366
Capital expenditures		27	20
TDS Telecom Cable
Business Segment Information
Service		45	44
Total operating revenues		45	44
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)		22	20
Selling, general and administrative		12	13
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		9	9
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		1	1
Operating income (loss)		1	1
Other, net		(1)
Income before income taxes			1
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		9	9
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		1	1
Adjusted EBITDA	[1]	10	11
Total assets		581	566
Capital expenditures		13	12
TDS Telecom HMS
Business Segment Information
Service		29	28
Equipment and product sales		35	33
Total operating revenues		64	61
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)		21	20
Cost of equipment and products		29	27
Selling, general and administrative		11	13
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		7	6
Operating income (loss)		(4)	(5)
Interest expense		(1)	(1)
Income before income taxes		(5)	(6)
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		7	6
Interest expense		1	1
Adjusted EBITDA	[1]	3	1
Total assets		270	275
Capital expenditures		2	5
TDS Telecom Eliminations
Business Segment Information
Service		(1)	(1)
Total operating revenues		(1)	(1)
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)		(1)
Selling, general and administrative			(1)
TDS Telecom
Business Segment Information
Service		246	247
Equipment and product sales		35	33
Total operating revenues		281	280
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)		104	102
Cost of equipment and products		30	28
Selling, general and administrative		71	71
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		58	57
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		1	1
Operating income (loss)		17	21
Interest and dividend income		1
Other, net		(1)	1
Income before income taxes		17	22
Income tax expense (benefit)	[3]	7	9
Net income		10	13
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		58	57
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net		1	1
Income tax expense	[3]	7	9
Adjusted EBITDA	[1]	76	80
Investments in unconsolidated entities		4	4
Total assets		2,142	2,207
Capital expenditures		42	37
Corporate, Eliminations and Other
Business Segment Information
Service		(6)	(2)
Equipment and product sales		10	9
Total operating revenues		4	7
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)			1
Cost of equipment and products		5	6
Selling, general and administrative		(1)	(2)
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		1	3
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net			(13)
Operating income (loss)		(1)	12
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities			1
Interest expense		(13)	(14)
Other, net			(1)
Income before income taxes		(14)	(2)
Income tax expense (benefit)	[3]	(5)
Net income		(9)	(2)
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		1	3
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net			(13)
Interest expense		13	14
Income tax expense	[3]	(5)
Adjusted EBITDA	[1]		2
Investments in unconsolidated entities		35	34
Total assets		184	183
Capital expenditures		$ 4	$ 2

[1] Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and accretion (“Adjusted EBITDA”) is a segment measure reported to the chief operating decision maker for purposes of making decisions about allocating resources to the segments and assessing their performance. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income, adjusted for the items set forth in the reconciliation above. Adjusted EBITDA excludes these items in order to show operating results on a more comparable basis from period to period. From time to time, TDS may also exclude other items from Adjusted EBITDA if such items help reflect operating results on a more comparable basis. TDS does not intend to imply that any of such items that are excluded are non-recurring, infrequent or unusual; such items may occur in the future. TDS believes Adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure of TDS’ operating results before significant recurring non-cash charges, discrete gains and losses, and other items as indicated above.

[2] The consolidated total assets as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 include certain assets held by consolidated VIEs of $804 million and $658 million, respectively, which are not available to be used to settle the obligations of TDS. The consolidated total liabilities as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 include certain liabilities of consolidated VIEs of $16 million and $1 million, respectively, for which the creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of TDS. See Note 8 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information.

[3] Income tax expense (benefit) is not provided at the individual segment level for Wireline, Cable and HMS. TDS calculates income tax expense for "TDS Telecom Total".