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Operating Segments
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2022
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Operating Segments Operating Segments
The Company's operating segments consist of (1) Towers and (2) Fiber. The Towers segment provides access, including space or capacity, to the Company's more than 40,000 towers geographically dispersed throughout the U.S. The Towers segment also reflects certain ancillary services relating to the Company's towers, predominately consisting of site development services and installation services. The Fiber segment provides access, including space or capacity, to the Company's approximately 85,000 route miles of fiber primarily supporting small cell networks and fiber solutions geographically dispersed throughout the U.S.
The measurements of profit or loss used by the Company's chief operating decision maker ("CODM") to evaluate the performance of its operating segments are (1) segment site rental gross margin, (2) segment services and other gross margin and (3) segment operating profit. The Company defines segment site rental gross margin as segment site rental revenues less segment site rental costs of operations, excluding stock-based compensation expense and amortization of prepaid lease purchase price adjustments recorded in consolidated site rental costs of operations. The Company defines segment services and other gross margin as segment services and other revenues less segment services and other costs of operations, excluding stock-based compensation expense recorded in consolidated services and other costs of operations. The Company defines segment operating profit as segment site rental gross margin plus segment services and other gross margin, and segment other operating (income) expense, less selling, general and administrative expenses attributable to the respective segment. All of these measurements of profit or loss are exclusive of depreciation, amortization and accretion, which are shown separately.
The following tables set forth the Company's segment operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. Costs that are directly attributable to Towers and Fiber are assigned to those respective segments. Additionally, certain costs are shared across segments and are reflected in the Company's segment measures through allocations that management believes to be reasonable. The "Other" column (1) represents amounts excluded from specific segments, such as asset write-down charges, acquisition and integration costs, depreciation, amortization and accretion, amortization of prepaid lease purchase price adjustments, interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs, gains (losses) on retirement of long-term obligations, interest income, other income (expense), income (loss) from discontinued operations, and stock-based compensation expense, and (2) reconciles segment operating profit to income (loss) before income taxes, as the amounts are not utilized in assessing each segment’s performance. The "Other" total assets balance includes corporate assets such as cash and cash equivalents which have not been allocated to specific segments. There are no significant revenues resulting from transactions between the Company's operating segments.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
TowersFiberOtherConsolidated
Total		TowersFiberOtherConsolidated
Total
Segment site rental revenues$1,078 $489 $1,567 $952 $473 $1,425 
Segment services and other revenues164 3 167 154 4 158 
Segment revenues1,242 492 1,734 1,106 477 1,583 
Segment site rental costs of operations232 162 394 221 161 382 
Segment services and other costs of operations107 2 109 100 3 103 
Segment costs of operations(a)(b)
339 164 503 321 164 485 
Segment site rental gross margin846 327 1,173 731 312 1,043 
Segment services and other gross margin57 1 58 54 1 55 
Segment selling, general and administrative expenses(b)
28 46 74 26 44 70 
Segment operating profit (loss)875 282 1,157 759 269 1,028 
Other selling, general and administrative expenses$79 79 $70 70 
Stock-based compensation expense44 44 34 34 
Depreciation, amortization and accretion427 427 408 408 
Interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs165 165 161 161 
Other (income) expenses to reconcile to income (loss) before income taxes(c)
16 16 16 16 
Income (loss) before income taxes$426 $339 
Capital expenditures$45 $247 $11 $303 $63 $235 $10 $308 
Total assets (at period end)$22,286 $15,859 $868 $39,013 $22,207 $15,771 $995 $38,973 
(a)Exclusive of depreciation, amortization and accretion shown separately.
(b)Segment costs of operations excludes (1) stock-based compensation of $7 million and $5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively and (2) prepaid lease purchase price adjustments of $4 million for each of the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. Selling, general and administrative expenses exclude stock-based compensation expense of $37 million and $29 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(c)See condensed consolidated statement of operations for further information.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
TowersFiberOtherConsolidated
Total		TowersFiberOtherConsolidated
Total
Segment site rental revenues$2,153 $990 $3,143 $1,847 $947 $2,794 
Segment services and other revenues327 6 333 265 9 274 
Segment revenues2,480 996 3,476 2,112 956 3,068 
Segment site rental costs of operations458 323 781 433 322 755 
Segment services and other costs of operations216 4 220 175 6 181 
Segment costs of operations(a)(b)
674 327 1,001 608 328 936 
Segment site rental gross margin1,695 667 2,362 1,414 625 2,039 
Segment services and other gross margin111 2 113 90 3 93 
Segment selling, general and administrative expenses(b)
56 93 149 51 89 140 
Segment operating profit (loss)
1,750 576 2,326 1,453 539 1,992 
Other selling, general and administrative expenses$153 153 $136 136 
Stock-based compensation expense83 83 68 68 
Depreciation, amortization and accretion
847 847 816 816 
Interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs
329 329 330 330 
Other (income) expenses to reconcile to income (loss) before income taxes(c)
61 61 174 174 
Income (loss) before income taxes
$853 $468 
Capital expenditures$92 $469 $23 $584 $114 $472 $23 $609 
(a)Exclusive of depreciation, amortization and accretion shown separately.
(b)Segment costs of operations excludes (1) stock-based compensation expense of $14 million and $11 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and (2) prepaid lease purchase price adjustments of $8 million and $9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Selling, general and administrative expenses exclude stock-based compensation expense of $69 million and $57 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(c)See condensed consolidated statement of operations for further information.