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Fair Value Measurements
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2021
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Measurements
The fair value of an asset or liability is the price that would be received to sell that asset or paid to transfer that liability in an orderly transaction occurring in the principal market (or most advantageous market in the absence of a principal market) for such asset or liability. In estimating fair value, the Company utilizes valuation techniques that are consistent with the market approach, the income approach and/or the cost approach. Such valuation techniques are consistently applied. Inputs to valuation techniques include the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” establishes a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:
Level 1         Quoted prices in active exchange markets for identical assets or liabilities; also includes certain U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government and agency securities actively traded in over-the-counter markets.
Level 2         Observable inputs other than Level 1 including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in less active markets, or other observable inputs that can be corroborated by observable market data; also includes derivative contracts whose value is determined using a pricing model with observable market inputs or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. This category generally includes certain U.S. Government and agency securities, corporate debt securities, derivative instruments, and residential mortgage loans held for sale.
Level 3     Unobservable inputs supported by little or no market activity for financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation; also includes observable inputs for single dealer nonbinding quotes not corroborated by observable market data. This category generally includes certain private equity investments, retained interests from securitizations, and certain collateralized debt obligations.
Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The tables below present the recorded amount of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
SignificantSignificant
OtherOther
ObservableUnobservable
Quoted PricesInputsInputsTotal
(dollars in thousands)(Level 1)(Level 2)(Level 3)(Fair Value)
June 30, 2021
Assets:
Investment securities available-for-sale: 
U. S. agency securities$— $357,311 $— $357,311 
Residential mortgage backed securities— 1,146,322 — 1,146,322 
Municipal bonds— 100,277 — 100,277 
Corporate bonds— 75,422 1,500 76,922 
Loans held for sale— 55,949 — 55,949 
Interest rate caps— 5,437 — 5,437 
Mortgage banking derivatives— — 1,179 1,179 
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2021$— $1,740,718 $2,679 $1,743,397 
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap derivatives$— $— $— $— 
Derivative liability— 74 — 74 
Interest rate caps— 5,615 — 5,615 
Total liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2021$— $5,689 $— $5,689 
December 31, 2020
Assets:
Investment securities available-for-sale:
U. S. agency securities$— $181,921 $— $181,921 
Residential mortgage backed securities— 825,001 — 825,001 
Municipal bonds— 108,113 — 108,113 
Corporate bonds— 34,350 1,500 35,850 
Loans held for sale— 88,205 — 88,205 
Interest rate caps— 3,413 — 3,413 
Mortgage banking derivatives— — 5,213 5,213 
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2020$— $1,241,003 $6,713 $1,247,716 
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap derivatives$— $516 $— $516 
Derivative liability— 118 — 118 
Interest rate caps— 3,574 — 3,574 
Total liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2020$— $4,208 $— $4,208 
Investment securities available-for-sale: Investment securities available-for-sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted prices, if available. If quoted prices are not available, fair value is measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for the security’s credit rating, prepayment assumptions and other factors such as credit loss assumptions. Level 1 securities include those traded on an active exchange such as the New York Stock Exchange. Level 2 securities include U.S. agency debt securities, mortgage backed securities issued by Government Sponsored Entities and municipal bonds. Securities classified as Level 3 include securities in less liquid markets, the carrying amounts approximate the fair value.
Loans held for sale: The Company has elected to carry loans held for sale at fair value. This election reduces certain timing differences in the Consolidated Statement of Income and better aligns with the management of the portfolio from a business perspective. Fair value is derived from secondary market quotations for similar instruments. Gains and losses on sales of residential mortgage loans are recorded as a component of noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Gains and losses on sales of multifamily FHA securities are recorded as a component of noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income. As such, the Company classifies loans subjected to fair value adjustments as Level 2 valuation.
The following tables summarize the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate unpaid principal balance for loans held for sale measured at fair value as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
June 30, 2021
Aggregate Unpaid
(dollars in thousands)Fair ValuePrincipal BalanceDifference
Loans held for sale$55,949 $55,140 $809 
December 31, 2020
Aggregate Unpaid
(dollars in thousands)Fair ValuePrincipal BalanceDifference
Loans held for sale$88,205 $86,551 $1,654 
There were no residential mortgage loans held for sale that were 90 or more days past due or on nonaccrual status as of June 30, 2021 or December 31, 2020.
Interest rate swap derivatives: These derivative instruments consist of interest rate swap agreements, which are accounted for as cash flow hedges under ASC 815. The Company’s derivative position is classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and is valued using models generally accepted in the financial services industry and that use actively quoted or observable market input values from external market data providers and/or non-binding broker-dealer quotations. The fair value of the derivatives is determined using discounted cash flow models. These models’ key assumptions include the contractual terms of the respective contract along with significant observable inputs, including interest rates, yield curves, nonperformance risk and volatility. Derivative contracts are executed with a Credit Support Annex, which is a bilateral agreement that requires collateral postings when the market value exceeds certain threshold limits. These agreements protect the interests of the Company and its counterparties should either party suffer a credit rating deterioration.
Credit risk participation agreements: The Company enters into credit risk participation agreements (“RPAs”) with institutional counterparties, under which the Company assumes its pro-rata share of the credit exposure associated with a borrower’s performance related to interest rate derivative contracts. The fair value of RPAs is calculated by determining the total expected asset or liability exposure of the derivatives to the borrowers and applying the borrowers’ credit spread to that exposure. Total expected exposure incorporates both the current and potential future exposure of the derivatives, derived from using observable inputs, such as yield curves and volatilities. Accordingly, RPAs fall within Level 2.
Interest rate caps: The Company entered into an interest rate cap agreement ("cap") with an institutional counterparty, under which the Company will receive cash if and when market rates exceed the cap's strike rate. The fair value of the cap is calculated by determining the total expected asset or liability exposure of the derivatives. Total expected exposure incorporates both the current and potential future exposure of the derivative, derived from using observable inputs, such as yield curves and volatilities. Accordingly, the cap falls within Level 2.
Mortgage banking derivatives for loans settled on a mandatory basis: The Company relied on a third-party pricing service to value its mortgage banking derivative financial assets and liabilities, which the Company classifies as a Level 3
valuation. The external valuation model to estimate the fair value of its interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale includes grouping the interest rate lock commitments by interest rate and terms, applying an estimated pull-through rate based on historical experience, and then multiplying by quoted investor prices determined to be reasonably applicable to the loan commitment groups based on interest rate, terms, and rate lock expiration dates of the loan commitment groups. The Company also relies on an external valuation model to estimate the fair value of its forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans (i.e. an estimate of what the Company would receive or pay to terminate the forward delivery contract based on market prices for similar financial instruments), which includes matching specific terms and maturities of the forward commitments against applicable investor pricing.
Mortgage banking derivative for loans settled best efforts basis: The significant unobservable input (Level 3) used in the fair value measurement of the Company's interest rate lock commitments is the pull through ratio, which represents the percentage of loans currently in a lock position which management estimates will ultimately close. An increase in the pull through ratio (i.e. higher percentage of loans are estimated to close) will increase the gain or loss. The pull through ratio is largely dependent on the loan processing stage that a loan is currently in. The pull through rate is computed by the Company's secondary marketing consultant using historical data and the ratio is periodically reviewed by the Company for reasonableness.
The following is a reconciliation of activity for assets and liabilities measured at fair value based on Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3):
InvestmentMortgage Banking
(dollars in thousands)SecuritiesDerivativesTotal
Assets:      
Beginning balance at January 1, 2021$1,500 $5,213 $6,713 
Realized gain (loss) included in earnings— (4,034)(4,034)
Ending balance at June 30, 2021$1,500 $1,179 $2,679 
Liabilities:
Beginning balance at January 1, 2021$— $— $— 
Ending balance at June 30, 2021$— $— $— 
InvestmentMortgage Banking
(dollars in thousands)SecuritiesDerivativesTotal
Assets:      
Beginning balance at January 1, 2020$10,931 $280 $11,211 
Realized (loss) gain included in earnings— 4,933 4,933 
Migrated to level 2 valuation(9,233)— (9,233)
Reclass fair value asset to cost method(198)— (198)
Ending balance at December 31, 2020$1,500 $5,213 $6,713 
Liabilities:
Beginning balance at January 1, 2020$— $66 $66 
Realized gain included in earnings— (66)(66)
Ending balance at December 31, 2020$— $— $— 
The other equity and debt securities classified as Level 3 consist of one corporate bond of a local banking company and equity investments in the form of common stock of two local banking companies which are not publicly traded, and for which the carrying amounts approximate fair value.

For Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows:
June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
(dollars in thousands)Valuation TechniqueDescriptionRange
Weighted Average (1)
Fair Value
Weighted Average (1)
Fair Value
Mortgage banking derivativesPricing ModelPull Through Rate
83.4% - 91.9%
85.59 %$1,179 79.14 %$5,213 
(1) Unobservable inputs for mortgage banking derivatives were weighted by loan amount.

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The Company measures certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and the following is a general description of the methods used to value such assets.
At June 30, 2021, substantially all of the Company’s individually evaluated loans were evaluated based upon the fair value of the collateral. In accordance with ASC Topic 820, individually evaluated loans where an allowance is established based on the fair value of collateral require classification in the fair value hierarchy. When the fair value of the collateral is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value, the Company records the loan as nonrecurring Level 2. When an appraised value is not available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value and there is no observable market price, the Company records the loan as nonrecurring Level 3.
Other real estate owned: Other real estate owned is initially recorded at fair value less estimated selling costs. Fair value is based upon independent market prices, appraised values of the collateral or management’s estimation of the value of the collateral, which the Company classifies as a Level 3 valuation. Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are included in the table below:
SignificantSignificant
OtherOther
ObservableUnobservable
Quoted PricesInputsInputsTotal
(dollars in thousands)(Level 1)(Level 2)(Level 3)(Fair Value)
June 30, 2021        
Commercial$— $— $11,030 $11,030 
Income producing - commercial real estate— — 25,611 25,611 
Owner occupied - commercial real estate— — 6,622 6,622 
Real estate mortgage - residential— — 1,368 1,368 
Construction - commercial and residential— — 3,659 3,659 
Home equity— — 392 392 
Other consumer— — — — 
Other real estate owned— — 4,987 4,987 
Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of June 30, 2021$— $— $53,669 $53,669 
SignificantSignificant
OtherOther
ObservableUnobservable
Quoted PricesInputsInputsTotal
(dollars in thousands)(Level 1)(Level 2)(Level 3)(Fair Value)
December 31, 2020        
        
Commercial$— $— $9,285 $9,285 
Income producing - commercial real estate— — 21,638 21,638 
Owner occupied - commercial real estate— — 21,930 21,930 
Real estate mortgage - residential— — 2,602 2,602 
Construction - commercial and residential— — 103 103 
Home equity— — 416 416 
Other real estate owned— — 4,987 4,987 
Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of December 31, 2020$— $— $60,961 $60,961 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company discloses fair value information about financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate the value, whether or not such financial instruments are recognized on the balance sheet. Fair value is the amount at which a financial instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced sale or liquidation, and is best evidenced by quoted market price, if one exists.
Quoted market prices, if available, are shown as estimates of fair value. Because no quoted market prices exist for a portion of the Company’s financial instruments, the fair value of such instruments has been derived based on management’s assumptions with respect to future economic conditions, the amount and timing of future cash flows and estimated discount rates. Different assumptions could significantly affect these estimates. Accordingly, the net realizable value could be materially different from the estimates presented below. In addition, the estimates are only indicative of individual financial instrument values and should not be considered an indication of the fair value of the Company taken as a whole. The estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 are as follows:
Fair Value Measurements
Quoted Prices (Level 1)Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Carrying
(dollars in thousands)ValueFair Value
June 30, 2021
Assets
Cash and due from banks$9,290 $9,290 $9,290 $— $— 
Federal funds sold20,346 20,346 — 20,346 — 
Interest bearing deposits with other banks1,566,586 1,566,586 — 1,566,586 — 
Investment securities1,681,031 1,681,031 — 1,679,531 1,500 
Accrued interest receivable43,488 43,488 — 43,488 — 
Loans held for sale55,949 55,949 — 55,949 — 
Loans7,166,998 7,109,844 — — 7,109,844 
Bank owned life insurance107,516 107,516 — 107,516 — 
Annuity investment14,155 14,155 — 14,155 — 
Mortgage banking derivatives1,179 1,179 — — 1,179 
Interest rate caps5,437 5,437 — 5,437 — 
Liabilities
Noninterest bearing deposits2,641,636 2,641,636 — 2,641,636 — 
Interest bearing deposits5,599,389 5,599,389 — 5,599,389 — 
Time deposits778,022 790,249 — 790,249 — 
Customer repurchase agreements19,651 19,651 — 19,651 — 
Borrowings518,273 525,986 — 525,986 — 
Interest rate swap derivatives— — — — — 
Credit risk participation agreement74 74 — 74 — 
Interest rate caps5,615 5,615 — 5,615 — 
December 31, 2020
Assets
Cash and due from banks$8,435 $8,435 $8,435 $— $— 
Federal funds sold28,200 28,200 — 28,200 
Interest bearing deposits with other banks1,752,420 1,752,420 — 1,752,420 
Investment securities1,150,885 1,150,885 — 1,149,385 1,500 
Accrued interest receivable46,040 46,040 — 40,104 — 
Loans held for sale88,205 88,205 — 88,205 — 
Loans7,650,633 7,608,687 — — 7,608,687 
Bank owned life insurance76,729 76,729 — 76,729 — 
Annuity investment14,468 14,468 — 14,468 — 
Mortgage banking derivative5,213 5,213 — — 5,213 
Interest rate caps3,413 3,413 — 3,413 — 
Liabilities
Noninterest bearing deposits2,809,334 2,809,334 — 2,809,334 — 
Interest bearing deposits756,923 756,923 — 756,923 — 
Time deposits977,760 993,500 — 993,500 — 
Customer repurchase agreements26,726 26,726 — 26,726 — 
Borrowings568,077 575,435 — 575,435 — 
Interest rate swap derivatives516 516 — 516 — 
Credit risk participation agreements118 118 — 118 — 
Interest rate caps3,574 3,574 — 3,574 —