EXHIBIT 99.1

                             Joint Filing Agreement


         The undersigned acknowledge and agree that the foregoing statement on
Schedule 13D is filed on behalf of each of the undersigned and that all
subsequent amendments to this statement shall be filed on behalf of each of the
undersigned without the necessity of filing additional joint filing agreements.
The undersigned acknowledge that each shall be responsible for the timely filing
of such amendments, and for the completeness and accuracy of the information
concerning it contained therein, but shall not be responsible for the
completeness and accuracy of the information concerning the others, except to
the extent that it knows or has reason to believe that such information is
inaccurate.


         This Agreement may be executed in counterparts and each of such
counterparts taken together shall constitute one and the same instrument.


Dated as of:  August 24, 2006         TONTINE CAPITAL PARTNERS, L.P.
                                      TONTINE CAPITAL MANAGEMENT L.L.C.
                                      TONTINE PARTNERS, L.P.
                                      TONTINE MANAGEMENT, L.L.C.
                                      TONTINE OVERSEAS ASSOCIATES, L.L.C.
                                      TONTINE CAPITAL OVERSEAS GP, L.L.C.
                                      TONTINE CAPITAL OVERSEAS MASTER FUND, L.P.
                                      JEFFREY L. GENDELL



                                      By:   /s/ Jeffrey L. Gendell
                                         ---------------------------------------
                                          Jeffrey L. Gendell, individually,
                                          and as managing member of
                                          Tontine Capital Management, L.L.C.,
                                          general partner of Tontine Capital
                                          Partners, L.P., and as managing
                                          member of Tontine Management, L.L.C.,
                                          general partner of Tontine Partners,
                                          L.P., and as managing member of
                                          Tontine Overseas Associates, L.L.C.,
                                          and as managing member of Tontine
                                          Capital Overseas GP, L.L.C., general
                                          partner of Tontine Capital Overseas
                                          Master Fund, L.P.