Segment Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Information

Segment Information

Our reportable segments are i) general rentals and ii) specialty. In the fourth quarter of 2021, following a realignment of certain of our divisions and regions, and changes in leadership roles and responsibilities, we updated our analysis of operating segments and concluded that our divisions represent our operating segments. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2021, our regions were our operating segments. While this update reflects a change in operating segments, it did not result in any changes to the rental locations in each reportable segment, and, as a result, there were no changes to the historically reported segment financial information. Our determination of the operating segments is primarily based on geography, but also includes consideration of the offered products and services.

As noted below, we evaluate segment performance primarily based on segment equipment rentals gross profit. The primary change resulting from the change in segment presentation is to our ongoing review of segment equipment rentals margins, which we monitor on a quarterly basis to assess margin similarity between operating segments. Because of the change in operating segments, this margin analysis is now conducted at the division level, while it was historically (prior to the realignment in the fourth quarter of 2021) performed at the region level. As discussed further in note 2 to our consolidated financial statements ("Evaluation of Goodwill Impairment"), we test for goodwill impairment at the reporting unit (the region, which is one level below the operating segment (division)) level, and the change in the segment structure did not impact our goodwill impairment testing.

For general rentals, the divisions discussed below, which are our operating segments, are aggregated into the reportable segment. The specialty segment is a single division that is both an operating segment and a reportable segment. We believe that the divisions that are aggregated into our reportable segments have similar economic characteristics, as each division is capital intensive, offers similar products to similar customers, uses similar methods to distribute its products, and is subject to similar competitive risks. The aggregation of our divisions also reflects the management structure that we use for making operating decisions and assessing performance. We evaluate segment performance primarily based on segment equipment rentals gross profit.

The general rentals segment includes the rental of i) general construction and industrial equipment, such as backhoes, skid-steer loaders, forklifts, earthmoving equipment and material handling equipment, ii) aerial work platforms, such as boom lifts and scissor lifts and iii) general tools and light equipment, such as pressure washers, water pumps and power tools. The general rentals segment reflects the aggregation of four geographic divisions—Central, Northeast, Southeast and West—and operates throughout the United States and Canada.

The specialty segment, which, as noted above, is a single division that is both an operating segment and a reportable segment, rents products (and provides setup and other services on such rented equipment) including i) trench safety equipment, such as trench shields, aluminum hydraulic shoring systems, slide rails, crossing plates, construction lasers and line testing equipment for underground work, ii) power and HVAC equipment, such as portable diesel generators, electrical distribution equipment, and temperature control equipment, iii) fluid solutions equipment primarily used for fluid containment, transfer and treatment, and iv) mobile storage equipment and modular office space. The specialty segment’s customers include construction companies involved in infrastructure projects, municipalities and industrial companies. This segment primarily operates in the United States and Canada, and has a limited presence in Europe, Australia and New Zealand.

The following table presents the percentage of equipment rental revenue by equipment type for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021: 

	Year Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021
Primarily rented by our general rentals segment:
General construction and industrial equipment	42	%	42	%	42	%
Aerial work platforms	25	%	24	%	26	%
General tools and light equipment	8	%	8	%	8	%
Primarily rented by our specialty segment:
Power and HVAC equipment	10	%	10	%	9	%
Trench safety equipment	5	%	6	%	6	%
Fluid solutions equipment	7	%	7	%	7	%
Mobile storage equipment and modular office space	3	%	3	%	2	%

The accounting policies for our segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in note 2. Certain corporate costs, including those related to selling, finance, legal, risk management, human resources, corporate management and information technology systems, are deemed to be of an operating nature and are allocated to our segments based primarily on rental fleet size.

The following table sets forth financial information by segment as of, and for the years ended, December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:  

	General rentals		Specialty		Total
2023
Equipment rentals	$	8,803	$	3,261	$	12,064
Sales of rental equipment	1,411		163		1,574
Sales of new equipment	95		123		218
Contractor supplies sales	89		57		146
Service and other revenues	299		31		330
Total revenue	10,697		3,635		14,332
Depreciation and amortization expense	2,316		465		2,781
Equipment rentals gross profit	3,219		1,595		4,814
Capital expenditures	3,051		813		3,864
Total assets	$	20,411	$	5,178	$	25,589
2022
Equipment rentals	$	7,345	$	2,771	$	10,116
Sales of rental equipment	835		130		965
Sales of new equipment	73		81		154
Contractor supplies sales	81		45		126
Service and other revenues	250		31		281
Total revenue	8,584		3,058		11,642
Depreciation and amortization expense	1,765		452		2,217
Equipment rentals gross profit	2,905		1,340		4,245
Capital expenditures	2,868		822		3,690
Total assets	$	19,604	$	4,579	$	24,183
2021
Equipment rentals	$	6,074	$	2,133	$	8,207
Sales of rental equipment	862		106		968
Sales of new equipment	142		61		203
Contractor supplies sales	71		38		109
Service and other revenues	202		27		229
Total revenue	7,351		2,365		9,716
Depreciation and amortization expense	1,611		372		1,983
Equipment rentals gross profit	2,269		998		3,267
Capital expenditures	2,719		479		3,198
Total assets	$	16,087	$	4,205	$	20,292

Equipment rentals gross profit is the primary measure management reviews to make operating decisions and assess segment performance. The following is a reconciliation of equipment rentals gross profit to income before provision for income taxes:  

	Year Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021
Total equipment rentals gross profit	$	4,814	$	4,245	$	3,267
Gross profit from other lines of business	999		751		586
Selling, general and administrative expenses	(1,527)		(1,400)		(1,199)
Merger related costs (1)	—		—		(3)
Restructuring charge (2)	(28)		—		(2)
Non-rental depreciation and amortization	(431)		(364)		(372)
Interest expense, net	(635)		(445)		(424)
Other income (expense), net	19		15		(7)
Income before provision for income taxes	$	3,211	$	2,802	$	1,846

 ___________________

(1)Reflects transaction costs associated with the General Finance acquisition that was completed in May 2021. Merger related costs only include costs associated with major acquisitions that significantly impact our operations.

(2)Primarily relates to branch closure charges and severance costs associated with our restructuring programs. As of December 31, 2023, there were no open restructuring programs.

We primarily operate in the United States and Canada, and have a limited presence in Europe, Australia and New Zealand. The foreign information in the table below primarily reflects Canada. The following table presents geographic area information for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, except for balance sheet information, which is presented as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

	Domestic		Foreign		Total
2023
Equipment rentals	$	11,045	$	1,019	$	12,064
Sales of rental equipment	1,427		147		1,574
Sales of new equipment	168		50		218
Contractor supplies sales	130		16		146
Service and other revenues	293		37		330
Total revenue	13,063		1,269		14,332
Rental equipment, net	12,679		1,322		14,001
Property and equipment, net	842		61		903
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net	$	6,031	$	579	$	6,610
2022
Equipment rentals	$	9,139	$	977	$	10,116
Sales of rental equipment	870		95		965
Sales of new equipment	122		32		154
Contractor supplies sales	109		17		126
Service and other revenues	248		33		281
Total revenue	10,488		1,154		11,642
Rental equipment, net	12,047		1,230		13,277
Property and equipment, net	789		50		839
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net	$	6,024	$	454	$	6,478
2021
Equipment rentals	$	7,430	$	777	$	8,207
Sales of rental equipment	873		95		968
Sales of new equipment	162		41		203
Contractor supplies sales	95		14		109
Service and other revenues	201		28		229
Total revenue	$	8,761	$	955	$	9,716