10-Q 1 rtn-07032016x10q.htm FORM 10-Q Document

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
ý
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
 
 
For the quarterly period ended July 3, 2016
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
 
 
For the transition period from               to              
Commission File Number 1-13699
________________________________________________________________________________
RAYTHEON COMPANY
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
________________________________________________________________________________ 
Delaware
 
95-1778500
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
870 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
(781) 522-3000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
________________________________________________________________________________
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes ý   No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes ý   No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 
Large accelerated filer
 
ý
 
Accelerated filer
 
o
Non-accelerated filer
 
o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Smaller reporting company
 
o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).      Yes ¨   No ý
Number of shares of common stock outstanding as of July 25, 2016 was 295,095,000.


RAYTHEON COMPANY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
 
 
 
Page
PART I
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
PART II
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
Item 1A.
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 6.
 
 

2

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of federal securities laws, including information regarding our financial outlook, future plans, objectives, business prospects, trends and anticipated financial performance, including with respect to our liquidity and capital resources, our capital expenditures, our bookings and backlog, our cash tax payments and tax reserves, our pension expense and funding, the impact of new accounting pronouncements, our unrecognized tax benefits, our expectations regarding customer contracts, our international sales, the impact of acquisitions and other business arrangements, and the impact and outcome of audits and legal and administrative proceedings, claims, investigations, and commitments and contingencies. You can identify these statements by the fact that they include words such as “will,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” or variations of these words, or similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are not statements of historical facts and represent only our current expectations regarding such matters. These statements inherently involve a wide range of known and unknown uncertainties. Our actual actions and results could differ materially from what is expressed or implied by these statements. Specific factors that could cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those set forth under Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and other important factors disclosed previously and from time to time in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Given these factors, as well as other variables that may affect our operating results, you should not rely on forward-looking statements, assume that past financial performance will be a reliable indicator of future performance, or use historical trends to anticipate results or trends in future periods. We expressly disclaim any obligation or intention to provide updates to the forward-looking statements and the estimates and assumptions associated with them.



3

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
RAYTHEON COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
(In millions, except per share amounts)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Dec 31, 2015
Assets
 
 
 
 
Current assets
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
2,016

 
$
2,328

Short-term investments
 
703

 
872

Contracts in process, net
 
6,249

 
5,564

Inventories
 
671

 
635

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
 
211

 
413

Total current assets
 
9,850

 
9,812

Property, plant and equipment, net
 
2,028

 
2,005

Goodwill
 
14,791

 
14,731

Other assets, net
 
2,429

 
2,733

Total assets
 
$
29,098

 
$
29,281

 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest and Equity
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities
 
 
 
 
Advance payments and billings in excess of costs incurred
 
$
2,136

 
$
2,193

Accounts payable
 
1,405

 
1,402

Accrued employee compensation
 
1,113

 
1,154

Other current liabilities
 
1,360

 
1,377

Total current liabilities
 
6,014

 
6,126

Accrued retiree benefits and other long-term liabilities
 
7,092

 
7,140

Long-term debt
 
5,333

 
5,330

Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
 


 

 
 
 
 
 
Redeemable noncontrolling interest (Note 8)
 
343

 
355

 
 
 
 
 
Equity
 
 
 
 
Raytheon Company stockholders’ equity
 
 
 
 
Common stock, par value, $0.01 per share, 1,450 shares authorized, 295 and 299 shares outstanding at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively
 
3

 
3

Additional paid-in capital
 
—

 
398

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
(6,899
)
 
(7,176
)
Retained earnings
 
17,212

 
16,903

Total Raytheon Company stockholders’ equity
 
10,316

 
10,128

Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries
 
—

 
202

Total equity
 
10,316

 
10,330

Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest and equity
 
$
29,098

 
$
29,281


The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

4

RAYTHEON COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except per share amounts)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Net sales
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Products
 
$
5,037

 
$
4,894

 
$
9,826

 
$
9,281

Services
 
998

 
954

 
1,972

 
1,855

Total net sales
 
6,035

 
5,848

 
11,798

 
11,136

Operating expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales—products
 
3,566

 
3,727

 
7,164

 
6,823

Cost of sales—services
 
814

 
798

 
1,616

 
1,535

General and administrative expenses
 
695

 
675

 
1,446

 
1,290

Total operating expenses
 
5,075

 
5,200

 
10,226

 
9,648

Operating income
 
960

 
648

 
1,572

 
1,488

Non-operating (income) expense, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense
 
58

 
59

 
116

 
117

Interest income
 
(4
)
 
(2
)
 
(8
)
 
(6
)
Other (income) expense, net
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(3
)
 
(3
)
Total non-operating (income) expense, net
 
53

 
56

 
105

 
108

Income from continuing operations before taxes
 
907

 
592

 
1,467

 
1,380

Federal and foreign income taxes
 
202

 
90

 
358

 
324

Income from continuing operations
 
705

 
502

 
1,109

 
1,056

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
 
(1
)
 
1

 
—

 
1

Net income
 
704

 
503

 
1,109

 
1,057

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries
 
(5
)
 
(2
)
 
(29
)
 
1

Net income attributable to Raytheon Company
 
$
709

 
$
505

 
$
1,138

 
$
1,056

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic earnings per share attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from continuing operations
 
$
2.39

 
$
1.65

 
$
3.81

 
$
3.44

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Net income
 
2.39

 
1.65

 
3.81

 
3.44

Diluted earnings per share attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from continuing operations
 
$
2.38

 
$
1.65

 
$
3.81

 
$
3.44

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Net income
 
2.38

 
1.65

 
3.81

 
3.44

Amounts attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders:
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from continuing operations
 
$
710

 
$
504

 
$
1,138

 
$
1,055

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
 
(1
)
 
1

 
—

 
1

Net income
 
$
709

 
$
505

 
$
1,138

 
$
1,056

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

5

RAYTHEON COMPANY 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)

 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
Jul 3, 2016

 
Jun 28, 2015

 
Jul 3, 2016

 
Jun 28, 2015

Net income
$
704

 
$
503

 
$
1,109

 
$
1,057

Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pension and other postretirement benefit plans, net:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of prior service cost included in net periodic cost
1

 
—

 
2

 
2

Amortization of net actuarial loss included in net income
245

 
283

 
491

 
566

Loss due to settlements
3

 
—

 
3

 
—

Pension and other postretirement benefit plans, net
249

 
283

 
496

 
568

Foreign exchange translation
(13
)
 
67

 
(46
)
 
(2
)
Cash flow hedges
4

 
7

 
8

 
—

Unrealized gains (losses) on investments and other, net
—

 
—

 
2

 
(6
)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax
240

 
357

 
460

 
560

Income tax benefit (expense) related to items of other comprehensive income (loss)
(89
)
 
(99
)
 
(183
)
 
(197
)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
151

 
258

 
277

 
363

Total comprehensive income
855

 
761

 
1,386

 
1,420

Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries
(5
)
 
(2
)
 
(29
)
 
1

Comprehensive income attributable to Raytheon Company
$
860

 
$
763

 
$
1,415

 
$
1,419

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.


6

RAYTHEON COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
 
Six Months Ended July 3, 2016 and June 28, 2015 (in millions)
 
Common stock

 
Additional paid-in capital

 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

 
Retained earnings

 
Total Raytheon Company stockholders’ equity

 
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries(1)

 
Total equity

Balance at December 31, 2015
 
$
3

 
$
398

 
$
(7,176
)
 
$
16,903

 
$
10,128

 
$
202

 
$
10,330

Net income
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
1,138

 
1,138

 
(15
)
 
1,123

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
277

 
 
 
277

 
 
 
277

Adjustment of redeemable noncontrolling interest to redemption value
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9

 
9

 
 
 
9

Distributions and other activity related to noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(205
)
 
(205
)
 
(187
)
 
(392
)
Dividends declared
 
 
 
2

 
 
 
(437
)
 
(435
)
 
 
 
(435
)
Common stock plans activity
 
 
 
98

 
 
 
 
 
98

 
 
 
98

Share repurchases
 
 
 
(498
)
 
 
 
(196
)
 
(694
)
 
 
 
(694
)
Balance at July 3, 2016
 
$
3

 
$
—

 
$
(6,899
)
 
$
17,212

 
$
10,316

 
$
—

 
$
10,316

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2014
 
$
3

 
$
1,309

 
$
(7,458
)
 
$
15,671

 
$
9,525

 
$
196

 
$
9,721

Net income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,056

 
1,056

 
5

 
1,061

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
363

 
 
 
363

 
 
 
363

Adjustment of redeemable noncontrolling interest to redemption value
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(5
)
 
(5
)
 
 
 
(5
)
Distributions and other activity related to noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
(11
)
 
 
 
 
 
(11
)
 
(2
)
 
(13
)
Dividends declared
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(408
)
 
(408
)
 
 
 
(408
)
Common stock plans activity
 
 
 
132

 
 
 
 
 
132

 
 
 
132

Share repurchases
 
 
 
(596
)
 
 
 
 
 
(596
)
 
 
 
(596
)
Balance at June 28, 2015
 
$
3

 
$
834

 
$
(7,095
)
 
$
16,314

 
$
10,056

 
$
199

 
$
10,255

(1)
Excludes redeemable noncontrolling interest which is not considered equity. See "Note 8: Forcepoint Joint Venture" for additional information.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.


7

RAYTHEON COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
 
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Cash flows from operating activities
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
$
1,109

 
$
1,057

(Income) loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
 
—

 
(1
)
Income from continuing operations
 
1,109

 
1,056

Adjustments to reconcile to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from continuing operations, net of the effect of acquisitions and divestitures
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
247

 
223

Stock-based compensation
 
89

 
87

Gain on sale of equity method investment
 
(158
)
 
—

Deferred income taxes
 
(67
)
 
(232
)
Tax benefit from stock-based awards
 
—

 
(42
)
Changes in assets and liabilities
 
 
 
 
Contracts in process, net and advance payments and billings in excess of costs incurred
 
(734
)
 
(795
)
Inventories
 
(35
)
 
(106
)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
 
155

 
29

Income taxes receivable/payable
 
64

 
92

Accounts payable
 
49

 
(99
)
Accrued employee compensation
 
(43
)
 
(117
)
Other current liabilities
 
(76
)
 
13

Accrued retiree benefits
 
445

 
408

Other, net
 
26

 
(86
)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from continuing operations
 
1,071

 
431

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from discontinued operations
 
—

 
1

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
 
1,071

 
432

Cash flows from investing activities
 
 
 
 
Additions to property, plant and equipment
 
(237
)
 
(143
)
Proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment
 
1

 
19

Additions to capitalized internal use software
 
(26
)
 
(26
)
Purchases of short-term investments
 
(472
)
 
(148
)
Sales of short-term investments
 
—

 
209

Maturities of short-term investments
 
599

 
774

Payments for purchases of acquired companies, net of cash received
 
(57
)
 
(1,892
)
Other
 
6

 
(15
)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
 
(186
)
 
(1,222
)
Cash flows from financing activities
 
 
 
 
Dividends paid
 
(419
)
 
(391
)
Repurchases of common stock under share repurchase programs
 
(602
)
 
(500
)
Repurchases of common stock to satisfy tax withholding obligations
 
(92
)
 
(96
)
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest in RCCS LLC
 
(90
)
 
—

Contribution from noncontrolling interest in Forcepoint
 
11

 
—

Tax benefit from stock-based awards
 
—

 
42

Sale of noncontrolling interest in Forcepoint
 
—

 
343

Other
 
(5
)
 
(2
)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
 
(1,197
)
 
(604
)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
 
(312
)
 
(1,394
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year
 
2,328

 
3,222

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
 
$
2,016

 
$
1,828


The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

8

RAYTHEON COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Note 1: Basis of Presentation
We prepared the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Raytheon Company and all wholly-owned, majority-owned or otherwise controlled subsidiaries on the same basis as our annual audited financial statements. We condensed or omitted certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in our annual audited financial statements, which we prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). Our quarterly financial statements should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. As used in this report, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “Raytheon” and the “Company” mean Raytheon Company and its subsidiaries, unless the context indicates another meaning.

In the opinion of management, our financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, necessary for presentation of financial statements for interim periods in accordance with U.S. GAAP and with the instructions to Form 10-Q in Article 10 of Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation S-X. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and any such differences may be material to our financial statements.

As previously announced, effective January 1, 2016, we reorganized certain product areas of our Integrated Defense Systems (IDS) and Intelligence, Information and Services (IIS) businesses to more efficiently leverage our capabilities. Additionally, also effective January 1, 2016, we reclassified, with respect to our IDS, IIS, Missile Systems (MS) and Space and Airborne Systems (SAS) businesses, acquisition accounting adjustments related to the amortization of acquired intangibles and adjustments to record acquired deferred revenue at fair value, such that they are no longer reported within the business segments and are instead reported in the Acquisition Accounting Adjustments line item. Prior to January 1, 2016, only those acquisition accounting adjustments associated with our ForcepointTM business were reported in the Acquisition Accounting Adjustments line item. The amounts and presentation of our business segments, including corporate and eliminations for intersegment activity, set forth in this Form 10-Q reflect these changes. None of the changes impact our previously reported consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations or statements of cash flows. See "Note 14: Business Segment Reporting" for additional information.

Note 2: Accounting Standards
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which will replace numerous requirements in U.S. GAAP, including industry-specific requirements, and provide companies with a single revenue recognition model for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers. The core principle of the new standard is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The two permitted transition methods under the new standard are the full retrospective method, in which case the standard would be applied to each prior reporting period presented and the cumulative effect of applying the standard would be recognized at the earliest period shown, or the modified retrospective method, in which case the cumulative effect of applying the standard would be recognized at the date of initial application. In July 2015, the FASB approved the deferral of the new standard's effective date by one year. The new standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The FASB will permit companies to adopt the new standard early, but not before the original effective date of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016.

In 2014, we established a cross-functional implementation team consisting of representatives from across all of our business segments. We utilized a bottoms-up approach to analyze the impact of the standard on our contract portfolio by reviewing our current accounting policies and practices to identify potential differences that would result from applying the requirements of the new standard to our revenue contracts. In addition, we identified, and are in the process of implementing, appropriate changes to our business processes, systems and controls to support recognition and disclosure under the new standard. The implementation team has reported the findings and progress of the project to management and the Audit Committee on a frequent basis over the last two years.
We have been closely monitoring FASB activity related to the new standard, as well as working with various non-authoritative groups to conclude on specific interpretative issues. In the second quarter of 2016, we made progress toward completing our evaluation of the potential changes from adopting the new standard on our future financial reporting and disclosures. Our progress was aided by the FASB issuing ASU 2016-10, Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, which amended the current guidance on performance obligations and provided additional clarity on this topic, and the significant progress of the non-

9

authoritative groups in concluding on specific interpretative issues. We also made significant progress on our contract reviews and detailed policy drafting in the second quarter of 2016. Based on our evaluation, we expect to early adopt the requirements of the new standard in the first quarter of 2017 and anticipate using the full retrospective transition method.
The impact of adopting the new standard on our 2015 and 2016 total net sales and operating income is not expected to be material. We also do not expect a material impact to our consolidated balance sheet. The immaterial impact of adopting ASU 2014-09 primarily relates to the deferral of commissions on our commercial software arrangements, which previously were expensed as incurred but under the new standard will generally be capitalized and amortized over the period of contract performance, and policy changes related to the recognition of revenue and costs on our defense contracts to better align our policies with the new standard. The impact to our results is not material because the analysis of our contracts under the new revenue recognition standard supports the recognition of revenue over time under the cost-to-cost method for the majority of our contracts, which is consistent with our current revenue recognition model. Revenue on the majority of our contracts will continue to be recognized over time because of the continuous transfer of control to the customer. For U.S. government contracts, this continuous transfer of control to the customer is supported by clauses in the contract that allow the customer to unilaterally terminate the contract for convenience, pay us for costs incurred plus a reasonable profit, and take control of any work in process. Similarly, for non-U.S. government contracts, the customer typically controls the work in process as evidenced either by contractual termination clauses or by our rights to payment for work performed to date to deliver products or services that do not have an alternative use to the company. Under the new standard, the cost-to-cost measure of progress continues to best depict the transfer of control of assets to the customer, which occurs as we incur costs. In addition, the number of our performance obligations under the new standard is not materially different from our contract segments under the existing standard. Lastly, the accounting for the estimate of variable amounts is not expected to be materially different compared to our current practice.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which amends the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions to require recognition of the tax effects resulting from the settlement of stock-based awards as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement in the reporting period in which they occur. In addition, the ASU requires that all tax-related cash flows resulting from share-based payments, including the excess tax benefits related to the settlement of stock-based awards, be classified as cash flows from operating activities in the statement of cash flows. The ASU also requires that cash paid by directly withholding shares for tax withholding purposes be classified as a financing activity in the statement of cash flows. In addition, the ASU allows companies to make an accounting policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest, consistent with current U.S. GAAP, or account for forfeitures when they occur. The new standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 with early adoption permitted. We elected to early adopt the requirements of the amended standard in the first quarter of 2016. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, we adopted the amendment requiring recognition of excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies in the income statement prospectively beginning in the first quarter of 2016, which could result in fluctuations in our effective tax rate period over period depending on how many awards vest in a quarter as well as the volatility of our stock price. In addition, we elected to adopt the amendment related to the presentation of excess tax benefits within operating activities on the statement of cash flows prospectively beginning in the first quarter of 2016. We had previously classified cash paid for tax withholding purposes as a financing activity in the statement of cash flows, therefore there is no change related to this requirement. Furthermore, we elected to change our accounting policy to account for forfeitures when they occur for consistency with our government recovery accounting practices on a modified retrospective basis.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for most lease arrangements. The new standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the potential changes from this ASU to our future financial reporting and disclosures. We expect the standard to have a material impact on our assets and liabilities for the addition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, but we do not expect it to have a material impact to our results of operations or liquidity.

Other new pronouncements issued but not effective until after July 3, 2016 are not expected to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

Note 3: Changes in Estimates under Percentage of Completion Contract Accounting
We have a companywide standard and disciplined quarterly Estimate at Completion (EAC) process in which management reviews the progress and performance of our contracts. As part of this process, management reviews information including, but not limited to, any outstanding key contract matters, progress toward completion and the related program schedule, identified risks and opportunities, and the related changes in estimates of revenues and costs. The risks and opportunities include management's judgment about the ability and cost to achieve the schedule (e.g., the number and type of milestone events), technical requirements (e.g., a newly-developed product versus a mature product) and other contract requirements. Management must make assumptions and estimates regarding labor productivity and availability, the complexity of the work to be performed, the availability of materials, the length of time to complete the contract (e.g., to estimate increases in wages and prices for materials and related support cost

10

allocations), performance by our subcontractors, the availability and timing of funding from our customer, and overhead cost rates, among other variables. These estimates also include the estimated cost of satisfying our industrial cooperation agreements, sometimes referred to as offset obligations, required under certain contracts. Based on this analysis, any quarterly adjustments to net sales, cost of sales and the related impact to operating income are recognized as necessary in the period they become known. These adjustments may result from positive program performance, and may result in an increase in operating income during the performance of individual contracts, if we determine we will be successful in mitigating risks surrounding the technical, schedule, and cost aspects of those contracts or in realizing related opportunities. Likewise, these adjustments may result in a decrease in operating income if we determine we will not be successful in mitigating these risks or in realizing related opportunities. Changes in estimates of net sales, cost of sales, and the related impact to operating income are recognized quarterly on a cumulative catch-up basis, which recognizes in the current period the cumulative effect of the changes on current and prior periods based on a contract's percentage of completion. A significant change in one or more of these estimates could affect the profitability of one or more of our contracts. When estimates of total costs to be incurred on a contract exceed total estimates of revenue to be earned, a provision for the entire loss on the contract is recognized in the period the loss is determined.

Net EAC adjustments had the following impact on our operating results:
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except per share amounts)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Operating income
$
134

 
$
40

 
$
155

 
$
161

Income from continuing operations attributable to Raytheon Company
87

 
26

 
112

 
105

Diluted earnings per share (EPS) from continuing operations attributable to Raytheon Company
$
0.29

 
$
0.09

 
$
0.38

 
$
0.34


Note 4: Earnings Per Share (EPS)
We compute basic and diluted EPS using actual income from continuing operations attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders, income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders, net income attributable to Raytheon Company, and our actual weighted-average shares outstanding rather than the numbers presented within our unaudited consolidated financial statements, which are rounded to the nearest million. As a result, it may not be possible to recalculate EPS as presented in our unaudited consolidated financial statements. Furthermore, it may not be possible to recalculate EPS attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders by adjusting EPS from continuing operations by EPS from discontinued operations.

We include all unvested stock awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents, whether paid or unpaid, in the number of shares outstanding in our basic and diluted EPS calculations as they are considered participating securities. As a result, we have included all of our outstanding unvested restricted stock awards (RSAs), as well as restricted stock units (RSUs) and Long-term Performance Plan (LTPP) awards that meet the retirement eligible criteria in our calculation of basic and diluted EPS. We disclose EPS for common stock and unvested stock-based payment awards, and separately disclose distributed and undistributed earnings. Distributed earnings represent common stock dividends and dividends earned on unvested RSAs and stock-based payment awards of retirement eligible employees. Undistributed earnings represent earnings that were available for distribution but were not distributed. Common stock and unvested stock-based payment awards earn dividends equally. We reflect the redemption value adjustments for redeemable noncontrolling interests in the EPS calculation if redemption value is in excess of the fair value of noncontrolling interest.


11

EPS from continuing operations attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders and unvested stock-based payment awards was as follows: 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Basic EPS attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Distributed earnings
 
$
0.73

 
$
0.68

 
$
1.46

 
$
1.35

Undistributed earnings
 
1.66

 
0.97

 
2.35

 
2.09

Total
 
$
2.39

 
$
1.65

 
$
3.81

 
$
3.44

Diluted EPS attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Distributed earnings
 
$
0.73

 
$
0.68

 
$
1.46

 
$
1.35

Undistributed earnings
 
1.65

 
0.97

 
2.35

 
2.09

Total
 
$
2.38

 
$
1.65

 
$
3.81

 
$
3.44

Basic and diluted EPS from discontinued operations attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders and unvested stock-based payment awards was a loss of less than $0.01 and earnings of less than $0.01 for the second quarters of 2016 and 2015, respectively, and earnings of less than $0.01 for the first six months of 2016 and 2015.

Income attributable to participating securities was as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Income from continuing operations attributable to participating securities
$
9

 
$
7

 
$
17

 
$
18

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax attributable to participating securities(1)
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Net income attributable to participating securities
$
9

 
$
7

 
$
17

 
$
18

(1)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax attributable to participating securities was a loss of less than $1 million and income of less than $1 million for the second quarters of 2016 and 2015, respectively, and income of less than $1 million for the first six months of 2016 and 2015.

The weighted-average shares outstanding for basic and diluted EPS were as follows: 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Shares for basic EPS(1)
297.3

 
305.4

 
298.2

 
306.8

Dilutive effect of LTPP
0.3

 
0.3

 
0.4

 
0.4

Shares for diluted EPS
297.6

 
305.7

 
298.6

 
307.2

(1)
Includes 3.8 million and 4.3 million participating securities for the three months ended July 3, 2016 and June 28, 2015, respectively, and 4.3 million and 5.2 million participating securities for the six months ended July 3, 2016 and June 28, 2015, respectively.

Note 5: Inventories
Inventories consisted of the following: 
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Dec 31, 2015
Materials and purchased parts
 
$
68

 
$
69

Work in process
 
587

 
551

Finished goods
 
16

 
15

Total
 
$
671

 
$
635


We capitalize costs incurred in advance of contract award or funding in inventories if we determine that contract award or funding is probable. To the extent these are precontract costs, start-up costs have been excluded. We included capitalized precontract costs and other deferred costs of $230 million and $225 million in inventories as work in process at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.


12

Note 6: Acquisitions and Goodwill
In pursuing our business strategies, we acquire and make investments in certain businesses that meet strategic and financial criteria.

In January 2016, our Forcepoint business acquired the Stonesoft next-generation firewall (NGFW) business, including the Sidewinder proxy firewall technology. Vista Equity Partners contributed 19.7% of the purchase price, which is reflected in contribution from noncontrolling interest in Forcepoint in our consolidated statements of cash flows. Stonesoft provides NGFW software and hardware solutions that focus on high-availability, centralized management of large networks and protection from advanced evasion techniques. The Sidewinder product provides proxy-based firewall software and hardware solutions, allowing for clear visibility and control of command filtering, protocol enforcement and application access. Stonesoft expands the cloud and hybrid capabilities of the Forcepoint TRITON® security platform. In connection with this acquisition, we have preliminarily recorded $51 million of goodwill, primarily related to expected synergies from combining operations and the value of the existing workforce, all of which is expected to be deductible for tax purposes, and $23 million of intangible assets, primarily related to technology and customer relationships, with a weighted-average life of 5 years. We expect to complete the purchase price allocation process in the second half of 2016 when we receive final valuation results and complete our review.

Pro-forma financial information has not been provided for this acquisition because it is not material.

A rollforward of goodwill by segment was as follows: 
(In millions)
 
Integrated Defense Systems(1)

 
Intelligence, Information and Services(1)

 
Missile
Systems

 
Space and
Airborne
Systems

 
Forcepoint(2)

 
Total

Balance at December 31, 2015
 
$
1,704

 
$
2,958

 
$
4,154

 
$
4,106

 
$
1,809

 
$
14,731

Acquisitions(3)
 
—

 
8

 
—

 
—

 
51

 
59

Effect of foreign exchange rates and other
 
—

 
1

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1

Balance at July 3, 2016
 
$
1,704

 
$
2,967

 
$
4,154

 
$
4,106

 
$
1,860

 
$
14,791

(1)
In connection with the January 1, 2016 reorganization of IDS and IIS, goodwill of $90 million was allocated to the IIS segment on a relative fair value basis and is reflected in the revised balances at December 31, 2015.
(2)
At July 3, 2016, Forcepoint's fair value is estimated to exceed its net book value by approximately $300 million. As discussed in "Note 8: Forcepoint Joint Venture", we are required to determine Forcepoint's fair value on a quarterly basis due to the accounting related to the redeemable noncontrolling interest.
(3)
In addition to the acquisition of the Stonesoft NGFW business during the first quarter of 2016, we finalized the purchase price allocation for Foreground Security at IIS, which resulted in an adjustment to goodwill of $8 million.

Note 7: Thales-Raytheon Systems Co. Ltd. (TRS) Joint Venture
In 2001, we formed the TRS joint venture with Thales S.A. The TRS joint venture arrangement involves three operating companies, one of which, Raytheon Command and Control Solutions LLC (RCCS LLC), previously called Thales-Raytheon Systems LLC, we control and consolidate, and the other two, Thales-Raytheon Systems Company S.A.S. (TRS SAS) and Thales-Raytheon Systems Air and Missile Defense Command and Control S.A.S. (TRS AMDC2), which we have accounted for using the equity method through our investment in TRS. All are reflected in our IDS segment results.

On December 24, 2015, Thales S.A. and Raytheon entered into a letter agreement relating to the joint venture agreement for the TRS joint venture, which contemplated that the parties would use their commercially reasonable efforts to amend the joint venture agreement on or before June 30, 2016 to reduce its existing scope of work. In the second quarter of 2016, Thales S.A. and Raytheon amended and restated the TRS joint venture agreement to reduce the existing joint venture arrangement to TRS AMDC2 only and limit its scope to NATO-only business opportunities involving air command and control systems, theatre missile defense and ballistic missile defense. Accordingly, TRS AMDC2 will continue to be a joint venture between Thales S.A. and Raytheon that will be accounted for using the equity method.

The amendment and restatement of the TRS joint venture agreement resulted in Raytheon acquiring Thales S.A.'s noncontrolling interest in RCCS LLC and selling our equity method investment in TRS SAS, resulting in a net cash payment to Thales S.A. of $90 million which was classified as a financing activity in our consolidated statements of cash flows. We recorded our acquisition of Thales S.A.'s noncontrolling interest in RCCS LLC at fair value, which resulted in a reduction to equity of $167 million before tax, $205 million after tax, and the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS at fair value, which resulted in a tax-free gain of $158 million that was recorded in operating income, consistent with the historical classification of equity method income for TRS SAS, at our IDS Segment.


13

Note 8: Forcepoint Joint Venture
In May 2015, we created Forcepoint, a new cybersecurity joint venture company (with Vista Equity Partners), through a series of transactions by which we acquired Websense, Inc. from Vista Equity Partners and combined it with Raytheon Cyber Products, formerly part of our IIS segment. We then sold 19.7% of the equity interest in the combined company to Vista Equity Partners for $343 million.

The joint venture agreement between Raytheon and Vista Equity Partners provides Vista Equity Partners with certain rights to require Forcepoint to pursue an initial public offering at any time after four years and three months following the closing date of May 29, 2015, or pursue a sale of the company at any time after five years following the closing date. In either of these events, Raytheon has the option to purchase all (but not less than all) of Vista Equity Partners’ interest in Forcepoint for cash at a price equal to fair value as determined under the joint venture agreement. Additionally, Vista Equity Partners has the ability to liquidate its ownership through a put option any time after two years following the closing date. In the event of a put option, Vista Equity Partners could require Raytheon to purchase all (but not less than all) of Vista Equity Partners’ interest in Forcepoint for cash at a price equal to fair value as determined under the joint venture agreement. Lastly, at any time after three years following the closing date, Raytheon has the option to purchase all (but not less than all) of Vista Equity Partners’ interest in Forcepoint at a price equal to fair value as determined under the joint venture agreement.

Vista Equity Partners' interest in Forcepoint is presented as redeemable noncontrolling interest, outside of stockholders' equity, in our consolidated balance sheets. The redeemable noncontrolling interest is recognized at the greater of the estimated redemption value as of the balance sheet date, which was $343 million at July 3, 2016, or the carrying value, defined as the initial value adjusted for Vista Equity Partners' share of the cumulative impact of net income (loss) and other changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), which was $323 million at July 3, 2016. Adjustments to the redemption value over the period from the date of acquisition to the date the redemption feature becomes puttable are immediately recorded to retained earnings.

A rollforward of redeemable noncontrolling interest was as follows:
 
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Beginning balance
 
$
355

 
$
—

Sale of noncontrolling interest
 
—

 
343

Net income (loss)
 
(14
)
 
(5
)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax(1)
 
—

 
—

Contribution from noncontrolling interest
 
11

 
—

Adjustment of noncontrolling interest to redemption value

 
(9
)
 
5

Ending balance
 
$
343

 
$
343

(1)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, was a loss of less than $1 million and income of less than $1 million for the six months ended July 3, 2016 and June 28, 2015, respectively.

Note 9: Derivatives and Other Financial Instruments
Derivatives—Our primary market exposures are to foreign exchange rates and interest rates, and we use certain derivative financial instruments to help manage these exposures. We execute these instruments with financial institutions that we judge to be credit-worthy, and the majority of our foreign currency forward contracts are denominated in currencies of major industrial countries. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

The fair value of asset derivatives included in other assets, net and liability derivatives included in other current liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets related to foreign currency contracts were $38 million and $47 million, respectively, at July 3, 2016 and $9 million and $29 million, respectively, at December 31, 2015. The fair values of these derivatives are Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015 because they are determined based on a market approach utilizing externally quoted forward rates for similar contracts.

We use foreign currency forward contracts to fix the functional currency value of specific commitments, payments and receipts. The aggregate notional amount of the outstanding foreign currency forward contracts was $1,666 million and $1,076 million at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The net notional exposure of these contracts was approximately $261 million and $117 million at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Our foreign currency forward contracts contain offset or netting provisions to mitigate credit risk in the event of counterparty default, including payment default and cross default. At July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the fair value of our counterparty default exposure was less than $1 million and spread across numerous highly rated counterparties.

14

There were no interest rate swaps outstanding at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Other Financial Instruments—We invest in marketable securities in accordance with our short-term investment policy and cash management strategy. These marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and are recorded at fair value as short-term investments in our consolidated balance sheets. These investments are deemed Level 2 assets under the fair value hierarchy at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, as their fair value is determined under a market approach using valuation models that utilize observable inputs, including maturity date, issue date, settlement date and current rates. At July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we had short-term investments of $703 million and $872 million, respectively, consisting of highly rated bank certificates of deposit with a minimum long-term debt rating of A or A2 and a minimum short-term debt rating of A-1 and P-1. As of July 3, 2016, our short-term investments had an average maturity of approximately five months. The amortized cost of these securities closely approximated their fair value at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015. There were no securities deemed to have other than temporary declines in value for the second quarter of 2016. In the second quarter and first six months of 2016, we recorded an unrealized loss on short-term investments of less than $1 million, net of tax, in accumulated other comprehensive loss (AOCL), and an unrealized gain on short-term investments of less than $1 million, net of tax, in AOCL, respectively. In the second quarter and first six months of 2015, we recorded an unrealized loss on short-term investments of less than $1 million, net of tax, in AOCL, and an unrealized gain on short-term investments of less than $1 million, net of tax, in AOCL, respectively. We did not have any sales of short-term investments in the second quarter and first six months of 2016. In the second quarter and first six months of 2015, we recorded sales of short-term investments of $74 million and $209 million, respectively, which resulted in gains of less than $1 million recorded in other (income) expense, net. For purposes of computing realized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, we determine cost on a specific identification basis.

In addition to the financial instruments discussed above, we hold other financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, notes receivable and debt. The carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents and notes receivable approximated their fair values. The carrying value of long-term debt was recorded at amortized cost. The estimated fair value of long-term debt was determined based on quoted prices in inactive markets, which falls within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The carrying value and estimated fair value of long-term debt were as follows:
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Dec 31, 2015
Carrying value of long-term debt
 
$
5,333

 
$
5,330

Fair value of long-term debt
 
6,168

 
5,826


In addition, we did not have any transfers of assets or liabilities between levels of the fair value hierarchy during the first six months of 2016.

Note 10: Commitments and Contingencies
Environmental Matters—We are involved in various stages of investigation and cleanup related to remediation of various environmental sites. Our estimate of the liability of total environmental remediation costs includes the use of a discount rate and takes into account that a portion of these costs is eligible for future recovery through the pricing of our products and services to the U.S. government. We consider such recovery probable based on government contracting regulations and our long history of receiving reimbursement for such costs, and accordingly have recorded the estimated future recovery of these costs from the U.S. government within contracts in process, net, in our consolidated balance sheets. Our estimates regarding remediation costs to be incurred were as follows:
(In millions, except percentages)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Dec 31, 2015
Total remediation costs—undiscounted
 
$
219

 
$
224

Weighted average discount rate
 
5.2
%
 
5.2
%
Total remediation costs—discounted
 
$
151

 
$
149

Recoverable portion
 
95

 
94


We also lease certain government-owned properties and generally are not liable for remediation of preexisting environmental contamination at these sites. As a result, we generally do not provide for these costs in our consolidated financial statements.

Due to the complexity of environmental laws and regulations, the varying costs and effectiveness of alternative cleanup methods and technologies, the uncertainty of insurance coverage and the unresolved extent of our responsibility, it is difficult to determine the ultimate outcome of environmental matters. However, we do not expect any additional liability to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.


15

Financing Arrangements and Other—We issue guarantees, and banks and surety companies issue, on our behalf, letters of credit and surety bonds to meet various bid, performance, warranty, retention and advance payment obligations of us or our affiliates. These instruments expire on various dates through 2024. Additional guarantees of project performance for which there is no stated value also remain outstanding. The stated values outstanding consisted of the following:
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Dec 31, 2015
Guarantees
 
$
199

 
$
213

Letters of credit
 
2,567

 
2,242

Surety bonds
 
255

 
264


Included in guarantees and letters of credit described above were $189 million and $47 million, respectively, at July 3, 2016, and $203 million and $187 million, respectively, at December 31, 2015, related to our joint venture in TRS. The joint venture agreement for the TRS joint venture was amended and restated in the second quarter of 2016, as discussed in "Note 7: Thales-Raytheon Systems Co. Ltd. (TRS) Joint Venture", reducing the scope of the joint venture to TRS AMDC2 only. We provide these guarantees and letters of credit to TRS AMDC2 and other affiliates to assist these entities in obtaining financing on more favorable terms, making bids on contracts and performing their contractual obligations. While we expect these entities to satisfy their loans and meet their project performance and other contractual obligations, their failure to do so may result in a future obligation to us. We periodically evaluate the risk of TRS AMDC2 and other affiliates failing to meet their obligations described above. At July 3, 2016, we believe the risk that TRS AMDC2 and other affiliates will not be able to meet their obligations is minimal for the foreseeable future based on their current financial condition. All obligations were current at July 3, 2016. We had an estimated liability of $4 million and $8 million, respectively, at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015 related to these guarantees and letters of credit.

As discussed in "Note 8: Forcepoint Joint Venture", under the joint venture agreement between Raytheon Company and Vista Equity Partners, Raytheon may be required to purchase Vista Equity Partners' interest in Forcepoint.

We have entered into industrial cooperation agreements, sometimes referred to as offset agreements, as a condition to obtaining orders for our products and services from certain customers in foreign countries. At July 3, 2016, the aggregate amount of our offset agreements had an outstanding notional value of approximately $6.0 billion. These agreements are designed to return economic value to the foreign country by requiring us to engage in activities supporting local defense or commercial industries, promoting a balance of trade, developing in-country technology capabilities or addressing other local development priorities. Offset agreements may be satisfied through activities that do not require a direct cash payment, including transferring technology, providing manufacturing, training and other consulting support to in-country projects, and the purchase by third parties (e.g., our vendors) of supplies from in-country vendors. These agreements may also be satisfied through our use of cash for activities such as subcontracting with local partners, purchasing supplies from in-country vendors, providing financial support for in-country projects and making investments in local ventures. Such activities may also vary by country depending upon requirements as dictated by their governments. We typically do not commit to offset agreements until orders for our products or services are definitive. The amounts ultimately applied against our offset agreements are based on negotiations with the customers and typically require cash outlays that represent only a fraction of the notional value in the offset agreements. Offset programs usually extend over several or more years and may provide for penalties in the event we fail to perform in accordance with offset requirements. We have historically not been required to pay any such penalties.

As a U.S. government contractor, we are subject to many levels of audit and investigation by the U.S. government relating to our contract performance and compliance with applicable rules and regulations. Agencies that oversee contract performance include: the Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA); the Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA); the Inspectors General of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and other departments and agencies; the Government Accountability Office; the Department of Justice (DoJ); and Congressional Committees. From time to time, these and other agencies investigate or conduct audits to determine whether our operations are being conducted in accordance with applicable requirements. Such investigations and audits could result in administrative, civil or criminal liabilities, including repayments, fines or penalties being imposed upon us, the suspension of government export licenses or the suspension or debarment from future U.S. government contracting. U.S. government investigations often take years to complete and many result in no adverse action against us. Our final allowable incurred costs for each year are also subject to audit and have, from time to time, resulted in disputes between us and the U.S. government, with litigation resulting at the Court of Federal Claims (COFC) or the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals (ASBCA) or their related courts of appeals. In addition, the DoJ has, from time to time, convened grand juries to investigate possible irregularities by us. We also provide products and services to customers outside of the U.S., and those sales are subject to local government laws, regulations and procurement policies and practices. Our compliance with such local government regulations or any applicable U.S. government regulations (e.g., the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) and International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)) may also be investigated or audited. Other than as specifically disclosed herein, we do not expect

16

these audits, investigations or disputes to have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity, either individually or in the aggregate.

In addition, various other claims and legal proceedings generally incidental to the normal course of business are pending or threatened against, or initiated by, us. We do not expect any of these proceedings to result in any additional liability or gains that would materially affect our financial position, results of operations or liquidity. In connection with certain of our legal matters, we may be entitled to insurance recovery for qualified legal costs. We do not expect any insurance recovery to have a material impact on the financial exposure that could result from these matters.

Product Warranty—We provide for product warranties in conjunction with certain product sales for which we recognize revenue upon delivery. These product warranty accruals were less than $30 million at both July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

We account for warranty provision costs incurred under our long-term contracts using the cost-to-cost measure of progress as contracts costs, as the estimation of these costs is integral in determining the price of the related long-term contracts. The amounts above exclude these costs.

Note 11: Stockholders’ Equity
The changes in shares of our common stock outstanding were as follows:
 
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Beginning balance
 
299.0

 
307.3

Stock plans activity
 
1.6

 
1.8

Share repurchases
 
(5.5
)
 
(5.5
)
Ending balance
 
295.1

 
303.6


From time to time, our Board of Directors authorizes the repurchase of shares of our common stock. In November 2013, our Board authorized the repurchase of up to $2.0 billion of our outstanding common stock. Our Board also authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $2.0 billion of our outstanding common stock in November 2015. At July 3, 2016, we had approximately $1.9 billion available under the 2015 repurchase program. Share repurchases will take place from time to time at management’s discretion depending on market conditions.

Share repurchases also include shares surrendered by employees to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with RSAs, RSUs, stock options and LTPP awards issued to employees.

Repurchased shares are retired immediately upon repurchase. We account for treasury stock under the cost method. Upon retirement the excess over par value is charged against additional paid-in capital until reduced to zero, with the remainder recorded as a reduction to retained earnings. Due to the volume of repurchases made under our share repurchase program, additional paid-in capital was reduced to zero, with the remainder of the excess purchase price over par value of $196 million recorded as a reduction to retained earnings in the six months ended July 3, 2016.

Our share repurchases were as follows:
 
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
 
$
Shares

 
$
Shares

Shares repurchased under our share repurchase programs
 
$
602

4.8

 
$
500

4.6

Shares repurchased to satisfy tax withholding obligations
 
92

0.7

 
96

0.9

Total share repurchases
 
$
694

5.5

 
$
596

5.5


In March 2016, our Board of Directors authorized a 9.3% increase to our annual dividend payout rate from $2.68 to $2.93 per share. Our Board of Directors also declared dividends of $1.465 per share during the first six months of 2016, compared to dividends of $1.34 per share during the first six months of 2015. Dividends are subject to quarterly approval by our Board of Directors.

As further discussed in "Note 7: Thales-Raytheon Systems Co. Ltd. (TRS) Joint Venture", in the second quarter of 2016, we recorded our acquisition of Thales S.A.'s noncontrolling interest in RCCS LLC at fair value, which resulted in a reduction to retained earnings of $167 million before tax, $205 million after tax. The $38 million of deferred tax is due to the change in outside basis difference in RCCS LLC.

17

Stock-based Compensation Plans
RSAs and RSUs—During the first six months of 2016, we granted 1.1 million RSAs and RSUs with a weighted-average grant-date fair value of $123.95, calculated under the intrinsic value method. These awards generally vest in equal installments on each of the second, third and fourth anniversary dates of the award's grant date.

LTPP—During the first six months of 2016, we granted RSUs subject to the 2016–2018 LTPP plan with an aggregate target award of 0.2 million units and a weighted-average grant-date fair value of $123.31. The performance goals for the 2016–2018 LTPP award are independent of each other and based on three metrics, as defined in the award agreements: return on invested capital (ROIC), weighted at 50%; total shareholder return (TSR) relative to a peer group, weighted at 25%; and cumulative free cash flow from continuing operations (CFCF), weighted at 25%. The ultimate award, which is determined at the end of the three-year cycle, can range from zero to 200% of the target award and includes dividend equivalents, which are not included in the aggregate target award numbers. The grant-date fair value is based upon the value determined under the intrinsic value method for the CFCF and ROIC portions of the award and the Monte Carlo simulation method for the TSR portion of the award.

Forcepoint Plans—In 2015, Forcepoint established long-term incentive plans that provide for awards of unit appreciation rights and profits interests in the joint venture to Forcepoint management and key employees. Awards are approved by the Board of Forcepoint. These awards vest over a specified period of time and settlement is subject to a liquidity event defined as either a change in control or an initial public offering of the joint venture. In certain limited circumstances other vesting conditions may apply and the expense attributable to these vesting conditions was $2 million for both the second quarter and first six months of 2016. At July 3, 2016, there were 131 thousand combined units and/or profits interests authorized for award under these plans.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) includes gains and losses associated with pension and other postretirement benefits (PRB), foreign exchange translation adjustments, effective portion of gains and losses on derivative instruments qualified as cash flow hedges, and unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale investments. The computation of other comprehensive income (loss) and its components are presented in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consisted of the following activity during the first six months of 2016 and 2015:
 
Pension and PRB plans, net(1)

 
Foreign exchange translation

 
Cash flow hedges(2)

 
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments and other, net(3)

 
Total

 
 
 
 
 
(In millions)
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2015
$
(7,088
)
 
$
(60
)
 
$
(16
)
 
$
(12
)
 
$
(7,176
)
Before tax amount
496

 
(46
)
 
8

 
2

 
460

Tax (expense) or benefit
(178
)
 
—

 
(4
)
 
(1
)
 
(183
)
Net of tax amount
318

 
(46
)
 
4

 
1

 
277

Balance at July 3, 2016
$
(6,770
)
 
$
(106
)
 
$
(12
)
 
$
(11
)
 
$
(6,899
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2014
$
(7,432
)
 
$
(3
)
 
$
(14
)
 
$
(9
)
 
$
(7,458
)
Before tax amount
568

 
(2
)
 
—

 
(6
)
 
560

Tax (expense) or benefit
(199
)
 
—

 
—

 
2

 
(197
)
Net of tax amount
369

 
(2
)
 
—

 
(4
)
 
363

Balance at June 28, 2015
$
(7,063
)
 
$
(5
)
 
$
(14
)
 
$
(13
)
 
$
(7,095
)
(1)
The pension and PRB plans, net, is shown net of tax benefits of $3,646 million and $3,824 million at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.
(2)
The cash flow hedges are shown net of tax benefits of $6 million and $10 million at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.
(3)
The unrealized gains (losses) on investments and other, net are shown net of tax benefits of $3 million and $4 million at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Material amounts reclassified out of AOCL were related to amortization of net actuarial loss associated with our pension and PRB plans and were $491 million and $566 million before tax in the first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively. This component of AOCL is included in the calculation of net periodic pension expense (income) (see "Note 12: Pension and Other Employee Benefits" for additional details).

We expect approximately $8 million of after-tax net unrealized losses on our cash flow hedges at July 3, 2016 to be reclassified into earnings at then-current values over the next twelve months as the underlying hedged transactions occur.


18

Note 12: Pension and Other Employee Benefits
We have pension plans covering the majority of our employees, including certain employees in foreign countries (Pension Benefits). Our primary pension obligations relate to our domestic Internal Revenue Service (IRS) qualified pension plans. In addition, we provide certain health care and life insurance benefits to retired employees and to eligible employees upon retirement through PRB plans.

We also sponsor nonqualified defined benefit and defined contribution plans to provide benefits in excess of qualified plan limits. We have set aside certain assets in a separate trust, which we expect to be used to pay for trust obligations. The fair value of marketable securities held in trust, which are considered Level 1 assets under the fair value hierarchy, consisted of the following:
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Dec 31, 2015
Marketable securities held in trust
 
$
530

 
$
525


Included in marketable securities held in trust in the table above was $335 million and $337 million at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, related to the nonqualified defined contribution plans. The liabilities related to the nonqualified defined contribution plans were $338 million and $337 million at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

The components of net periodic pension expense (income) were as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Service cost
 
$
123

 
$
131

 
$
246

 
$
261

Interest cost
 
273

 
262

 
545

 
523

Expected return on plan assets
 
(380
)
 
(385
)
 
(759
)
 
(769
)
Amounts reflected in net funded status
 
16

 
8

 
32

 
15

Amortization of prior service cost included in net periodic pension expense
 
1

 
1

 
2

 
3

Recognized net actuarial loss
 
245

 
283

 
490

 
565

Loss due to settlements
 
—

 
—

 
3

 
—

Amounts reclassified during the period
 
246

 
284

 
495

 
568

Net periodic pension expense (income)
 
$
262

 
$
292

 
$
527

 
$
583


Net periodic pension expense (income) includes income of $1 million and $2 million from foreign Pension Benefits plans in the second quarters of 2016 and 2015, respectively, and income of $2 million and $3 million in the first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Net periodic PRB expense was $3 million and $2 million in the second quarters of 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $7 million and $5 million in the first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Long-term pension and PRB liabilities were as follows:
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Dec 31, 2015
Long-term pension liabilities
 
$
6,433

 
$
6,474

Long-term PRB liabilities
 
348

 
352

Total long-term pension and PRB liabilities
 
$
6,781

 
$
6,826


We made the following contributions to our pension and PRB plans:
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Required pension contributions
$
79

 
$
170

PRB contributions
10

 
10


We did not make any discretionary contributions to our pension plans during the first six months of 2016 and 2015; however, we periodically evaluate whether to make discretionary contributions.

19

Note 13: Income Taxes
We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. We have participated in the IRS Compliance Assurance Process (CAP) program since 2011. All IRS examinations of our tax years prior to 2014 are closed. We continue to participate in the CAP program for the 2014, 2015 and 2016 tax years. We are also under audit by multiple state and foreign tax authorities.

There has been no material change in our unrecognized tax benefit since December 31, 2015.

Note 14: Business Segment Reporting
Our reportable segments, organized based on capabilities and technologies, are: Integrated Defense Systems (IDS); Intelligence, Information and Services (IIS); Missile Systems (MS); Space and Airborne Systems (SAS); and Forcepoint. Segment total net sales and operating income generally include intersegment sales and profit recorded at cost plus a specified fee, which may differ from what the selling entity would be able to obtain on sales to external customers. Eliminations includes intersegment sales and profit eliminations. Corporate operating income includes expenses that represent unallocated costs and certain other corporate costs not considered part of management’s evaluation of reportable segment operating performance.

As previously announced, effective January 1, 2016, we reorganized certain product areas of our IDS and IIS businesses to more efficiently leverage our capabilities. Additionally, also effective January 1, 2016, we reclassified, with respect to our IDS, IIS, MS and SAS businesses, acquisition accounting adjustments related to the amortization of acquired intangibles and adjustments to record acquired deferred revenue at fair value, such that they are no longer reported within the business segments and are instead reported in the Acquisition Accounting Adjustments line item. Prior to January 1, 2016, only those acquisition accounting adjustments associated with our Forcepoint business were reported in the Acquisition Accounting Adjustments line item. The amounts and presentation of our business segments, including corporate and eliminations for intersegment activity, set forth in this Form 10-Q reflect these changes.

Segment financial results were as follows: 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
Total Net Sales (in millions)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Integrated Defense Systems
$
1,399

 
$
1,565

 
$
2,736

 
$
2,872

Intelligence, Information and Services
1,642

 
1,594

 
3,135

 
3,055

Missile Systems
1,656

 
1,559

 
3,376

 
3,032

Space and Airborne Systems
1,547

 
1,416

 
2,997

 
2,774

Forcepoint
138

 
57

 
274

 
81

Eliminations
(326
)
 
(333
)
 
(673
)
 
(668
)
Total business segment sales
6,056

 
5,858

 
11,845

 
11,146

Acquisition Accounting Adjustments
(21
)
 
(10
)
 
(47
)
 
(10
)
Total
$
6,035

 
$
5,848

 
$
11,798

 
$
11,136


 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
Intersegment Sales (in millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Integrated Defense Systems
 
$
16

 
$
18

 
$
33

 
$
36

Intelligence, Information and Services
 
165

 
159

 
332

 
309

Missile Systems
 
33

 
33

 
68

 
66

Space and Airborne Systems
 
109

 
119

 
234

 
250

Forcepoint
 
3

 
4

 
6

 
7

Total
 
$
326

 
$
333

 
$
673

 
$
668



20

 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
Operating Income (in millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Integrated Defense Systems
 
$
375

 
$
202

 
$
522

 
$
385

Intelligence, Information and Services
 
124

 
122

 
224

 
417

Missile Systems
 
223

 
184

 
415

 
391

Space and Airborne Systems
 
203

 
195

 
376

 
377

Forcepoint
 
7

 
(1
)
 
21

 
(1
)
Eliminations
 
(34
)
 
(36
)
 
(67
)
 
(69
)
Total business segment operating income
 
898

 
666

 
1,491

 
1,500

Acquisition Accounting Adjustments
 
(51
)
 
(32
)
 
(109
)
 
(46
)
FAS/CAS Adjustment
 
109

 
49

 
214

 
98

Corporate
 
4

 
(35
)
 
(24
)
 
(64
)
Total
 
$
960

 
$
648

 
$
1,572

 
$
1,488


 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
Intersegment Operating Income (in millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Integrated Defense Systems
 
$
1

 
$
2

 
$
1

 
$
3

Intelligence, Information and Services
 
16

 
15

 
32

 
29

Missile Systems
 
3

 
3

 
6

 
7

Space and Airborne Systems
 
10

 
12

 
22

 
24

Forcepoint
 
4

 
4

 
6

 
6

Total
 
$
34

 
$
36

 
$
67

 
$
69


The FAS/CAS Adjustment, which is reported as a separate line in our segment results above, represents the difference between our pension and PRB expense or income under Financial Accounting Standards (FAS) in accordance with U.S. GAAP and our pension and PRB expense under U.S. government Cost Accounting Standards (CAS). The results of each segment only include pension and PRB expense under CAS that we generally recover through the pricing of our products and services to the U.S. government. The components of the FAS/CAS Adjustment were as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
FAS/CAS Adjustment Income (Expense) (in millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
FAS/CAS Pension Adjustment
 
$
108

 
$
48

 
$
213

 
$
96

FAS/CAS PRB Adjustment
 
1

 
1

 
1

 
2

FAS/CAS Adjustment
 
$
109

 
$
49

 
$
214

 
$
98


Total assets for each of our business segments were as follows:
Total Assets (in millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Dec 31, 2015
Integrated Defense Systems(1)
 
$
4,311

 
$
4,132

Intelligence, Information and Services(1)
 
4,371

 
4,380

Missile Systems(1)
 
6,893

 
6,561

Space and Airborne Systems(1)
 
6,526

 
6,416

Forcepoint(1)
 
2,495

 
2,486

Corporate
 
4,502

 
5,306

Total
 
$
29,098

 
$
29,281

(1)
Total assets includes intangible assets. Related amortization expense is included in Acquisition Accounting Adjustments.

21

With respect to the unaudited consolidated financial information of Raytheon Company for the six months ended July 3, 2016 and June 28, 2015, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PricewaterhouseCoopers) reported that it has applied limited procedures in accordance with professional standards for a review of such information. Its report dated July 28, 2016, appearing below, states that the firm did not audit and does not express an opinion on that unaudited consolidated financial information. Accordingly, the degree of reliance on its report on such information should be restricted in light of the limited nature of the review procedures applied. PricewaterhouseCoopers is not subject to the liability provisions of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933 (Securities Act) for its report on the unaudited consolidated financial information because that report is not a “report” or a “part” of a registration statement prepared or certified by PricewaterhouseCoopers within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of the Securities Act.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Raytheon Company:
We have reviewed the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Raytheon Company and its subsidiaries as of July 3, 2016, and the related consolidated statements of operations and of comprehensive income for the three-month and six-month periods ended July 3, 2016 and June 28, 2015 and the consolidated statements of equity and of cash flows for the six-month periods ended July 3, 2016 and June 28, 2015. This interim financial information is the responsibility of the Company’s management.
We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.
Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying consolidated interim financial information for it to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated interim financial information, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for the income tax effects of share-based payment transactions in 2016.
We previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of comprehensive income, of equity, and of cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein), and in our report dated February 10, 2016, which included a paragraph that described the change in the manner of classification of deferred taxes, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet information as of December 31, 2015, is fairly stated in all material respects in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
July 28, 2016

22

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
OVERVIEW
We develop technologically advanced and integrated products, services and solutions in our core markets: sensing; effects; command, control, communications, computers, cyber and intelligence; mission support; and cybersecurity. We serve both domestic and international customers, primarily as a prime contractor or subcontractor on a broad portfolio of defense and related programs for government customers.

As previously announced, effective January 1, 2016, we reorganized certain product areas of our Integrated Defense Systems (IDS) and Intelligence, Information and Services (IIS) businesses to more efficiently leverage our capabilities. Additionally, also effective January 1, 2016, we reclassified, with respect to our IDS, IIS, Missile Systems (MS) and Space and Airborne Systems (SAS) businesses, acquisition accounting adjustments related to the amortization of acquired intangibles and adjustments to record acquired deferred revenue at fair value, such that they are no longer reported within the business segments and are instead reported in the Acquisition Accounting Adjustments line item. Prior to January 1, 2016, only those acquisition accounting adjustments associated with our Forcepoint business were reported in the Acquisition Accounting Adjustments line item. The amounts and presentation of our business segments, including corporate and eliminations for intersegment activity, set forth in this Form 10-Q reflect these changes. None of the changes impact our previously reported consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations or statements of cash flows. See "Note 14: Business Segment Reporting" for additional information.

We operate in five segments: IDS; IIS; MS; SAS; and Forcepoint. For a more detailed description of our segments, see “Business Segments” within Item 1 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

In the second quarter of 2016, Thales S.A. and Raytheon amended and restated the Thales-Raytheon Systems Co. Ltd. (TRS) joint venture agreement to reduce the existing joint venture arrangement to Thales-Raytheon Systems Air and Missile Defense Command and Control S.A.S. (TRS AMDC2) only and limit its scope to NATO-only business opportunities involving air command and control systems, theatre missile defense and ballistic missile defense. The amendment and restatement of the TRS joint venture agreement resulted in Raytheon acquiring Thales S.A.'s noncontrolling interest in Raytheon Command and Control Solutions LLC (RCCS LLC), previously called Thales-Raytheon Systems LLC, and selling our equity method investment in Thales-Raytheon Systems Company S.A.S. (TRS SAS), which resulted in a non-cash tax-free gain of $158 million that was recorded in operating income through a reduction in cost of sales, and a net cash payment to Thales S.A. of $90 million. See "Note 7: Thales-Raytheon Systems Co. Ltd. (TRS) Joint Venture" for additional information. As a result, going forward IDS' results will no longer include the equity method income on TRS SAS, which was $11 million, $12 million and $7 million in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. In addition, our earnings per share (EPS) will no longer be impacted by the noncontrolling interest in RCCS LLC, which had the impact of decreasing net income attributable to Raytheon Company by $10 million, $14 million and $17 million in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
As described in our Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements on page 3 of this Form 10-Q, our interim period results of operations and period-to-period comparisons of such results, particularly at a segment level, may not be indicative of our future operating results. Additionally, we use a fiscal calendar, which may result in differences in the number of work days in the current and comparable prior interim period and could affect period-to-period comparisons. The following discussions of comparative results among periods, including the discussion of segment results, should be viewed in this context.

Total Net Sales
The composition of external net sales by products and services for IDS, IIS, MS, SAS and Forcepoint for the second quarter of 2016 was relatively consistent with the year ended December 31, 2015, which is shown in the table below.
External Net Sales by Products and Services (% of segment total external net sales)
 
 
IDS

IIS

MS

SAS

Forcepoint

Products
90
%
45
%
100
%
95
%
95
%
Services
10
%
55
%
—
%
5
%
5
%


23

 
Three Months Ended
 
% of Total Net Sales
(In millions, except percentages)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Net sales
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Products
$
5,037

 
$
4,894

 
83.5
%
 
83.7
%
Services
998

 
954

 
16.5
%
 
16.3
%
Total net sales
$
6,035

 
$
5,848

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%

Total Net Sales - Second Quarter of 2016 vs. Second Quarter of 2015—The increase in total net sales of $187 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to higher external net sales of $141 million at SAS, $97 million at MS and $82 million at Forcepoint, partially offset by lower external net sales of $164 million at IDS. The higher external net sales at SAS were primarily due to higher net sales on classified programs, principally driven by an international classified program awarded in the first quarter of 2016. The higher external net sales at MS were primarily due to higher net sales on the Paveway™ program principally driven by international requirements. The higher external net sales at Forcepoint were driven principally by higher sales resulting from the acquisitions of Websense in the second quarter of 2015 and Stonesoft in the first quarter of 2016. The lower external net sales at IDS were primarily due to lower net sales on an international Patriot program awarded in the second quarter of 2015 driven by the recognition of previously deferred precontract costs in the second quarter of 2015.

Products and Services Net Sales - Second Quarter of 2016 vs. Second Quarter of 2015—The increase in products net sales of $143 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to higher external products net sales of $184 million at SAS and $93 million at MS, partially offset by lower external products net sales of $184 million at IDS. The increases in external products net sales at SAS and MS, and the decrease in external products net sales at IDS, were primarily due to the programs described above. The increase in services net sales of $44 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to higher external services net sales of $55 million at IIS, spread across numerous programs with no individual or common significant driver.

 
Six Months Ended
 
% of Total Net Sales
(In millions, except percentages)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Net sales
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Products
$
9,826

 
$
9,281

 
83.3
%
 
83.3
%
Services
1,972

 
1,855

 
16.7
%
 
16.7
%
Total net sales
$
11,798

 
$
11,136

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%

Total Net Sales - First Six Months of 2016 vs. First Six Months of 2015—The increase in total net sales of $662 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to higher external net sales of $342 million at MS, $239 million at SAS and $194 million at Forcepoint, partially offset by lower external net sales of $133 million at IDS. The higher external net sales at MS were primarily due to higher net sales on the Paveway program principally driven by international requirements. The higher external net sales at SAS were driven principally by higher net sales on classified programs, principally driven by an international classified program awarded in the first quarter of 2016. The higher external net sales at Forcepoint were primarily due to higher sales resulting from the acquisitions of Websense in the second quarter of 2015 and Stonesoft in the first quarter of 2016. The lower external net sales at IDS were driven principally by lower net sales from the scheduled completion of certain production phases on our missile defense radar production programs and from the scheduled completion of certain production phases on a U.S. Navy combat systems program, partially offset by higher net sales on integrated air and missile defense programs, including higher net sales on an international Patriot program awarded in the fourth quarter of 2014 due to a scheduled increase in production and lower net sales from the scheduled completion of certain production phases on an international air and missile defense systems program.

Products and Services Net Sales - First Six Months of 2016 vs. First Six Months of 2015—The increase in products net sales of $545 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to higher external products net sales of $337 million at MS, $271 million at SAS and $179 million at Forcepoint, partially offset by lower external products net sales of $194 million at IDS. The increases in external products net sales at MS and SAS, and the decrease in external products net sales at IDS, were primarily due to the programs described above. The increase in external products net sales at Forcepoint was driven principally by the acquisitions of Websense and Stonesoft described above. The increase in services net sales of $117 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to higher external services net sales of $69 million at IIS, spread across numerous mission support and modernization programs with no individual or common

24

significant driver, and higher external services net sales of $61 million at IDS, driven principally by higher services net sales on radar sustainment programs for the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) and various Patriot support programs.

Sales to Major Customers - Second Quarter of 2016 vs. Second Quarter of 2015 and First Six Months of 2016 vs. First Six Months of 2015
 
Three Months Ended
 
% of Total Net Sales
(In millions, except percentages)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Sales to the U.S. government(1)
$
4,015

 
$
3,993

 
67
%
 
68
%
Sales to the U.S. Department of Defense(1)
3,794

 
3,745

 
63
%
 
64
%
Total international sales(2)
1,907

 
1,769

 
32
%
 
30
%
Foreign direct commercial sales(1)
1,186

 
1,149

 
20
%
 
20
%
Foreign military sales through the U.S. government
721

 
620

 
12
%
 
11
%
(1)
Excludes foreign military sales through the U.S. government.
(2)
Includes foreign military sales through the U.S. government. Due to rounding, the total international sales percentage may not equal the sum of the percentages for foreign direct commercial sales and foreign military sales through the U.S. government.

 
Six Months Ended
 
% of Total Net Sales
(In millions, except percentages)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Sales to the U.S. government(1)
$
7,923

 
$
7,743

 
67
%
 
70
%
Sales to the U.S. Department of Defense(1)
7,518

 
7,261

 
64
%
 
65
%
Total international sales(2)
3,646

 
3,254

 
31
%
 
29
%
Foreign direct commercial sales(1)
2,228

 
1,953

 
19
%
 
18
%
Foreign military sales through the U.S. government
1,418

 
1,301

 
12
%
 
12
%
(1)
Excludes foreign military sales through the U.S. government.
(2)
Includes foreign military sales through the U.S. government. Due to rounding, the total international sales percentage may not equal the sum of the percentages for foreign direct commercial sales and foreign military sales through the U.S. government.

Total Cost of Sales
Cost of sales, for both products and services, consists of labor, materials and subcontractors costs, as well as related allocated costs. For each of our contracts, we manage the nature and amount of direct costs at the contract level, and manage indirect costs through cost pools as required by government accounting regulations. The estimate of the actual amount of direct and indirect costs forms the basis for estimating our total costs at completion of the contract.
 
Three Months Ended
 
% of Total Net Sales
(In millions, except percentages)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Cost of sales
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Products
$
3,566

 
$
3,727

 
59.1
%
 
63.7
%
Services
814

 
798

 
13.5
%
 
13.6
%
Total cost of sales
$
4,380

 
$
4,525

 
72.6
%
 
77.4
%

Total Cost of Sales - Second Quarter of 2016 vs. Second Quarter of 2015—The decrease in total cost of sales of $145 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to lower external cost of sales at IDS of $328 million, partially offset by higher external cost of sales of $136 million at SAS. The decrease in external cost of sales at IDS was driven principally by a tax-free $158 million gain from the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS as described in MD&A Overview on page 23, and by the programs discussed above in Total Net Sales. The increase in external cost of sales at SAS was primarily due to the programs discussed above in Total Net Sales.

Products and Services Cost of Sales - Second Quarter of 2016 vs. Second Quarter of 2015—The decrease in products cost of sales of $161 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to lower products cost of sales of $341 million at IDS, partially offset by higher products cost of sales of $170 million at SAS. The decrease in products cost of sales at IDS was driven principally by the tax-free $158 million gain from the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS as described in MD&A Overview on page 23, and by the programs described above in Total Net Sales. The increase in products cost of sales at SAS was primarily due to the programs described above in Total Net Sales. Services cost of sales in the second quarter of 2016 was relatively consistent with the second quarter of 2015.

25

 
Six Months Ended
 
% of Total Net Sales
(In millions, except percentages)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Cost of sales
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Products
$
7,164

 
$
6,823

 
60.7
%
 
61.3
%
Services
1,616

 
1,535

 
13.7
%
 
13.8
%
Total cost of sales
$
8,780

 
$
8,358

 
74.4
%
 
75.1
%

Total Cost of Sales - First Six Months of 2016 vs. First Six Months of 2015—The increase in total cost of sales of $422 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to higher external cost of sales of $265 million at MS, $250 million at IIS, and $233 million at SAS, partially offset by lower external cost of sales of $258 million at IDS and $116 million of lower expense related to the FAS/CAS adjustment as described below in Segment Results beginning on page 30. The increases in external cost of sales at MS and SAS were primarily due to the programs described above in Total Net Sales. The increase in external cost of sales at IIS was driven principally by a $181 million impact from the eBorders settlement in the first quarter of 2015. In March 2015, Raytheon Systems Limited (RSL) reached a settlement with the U.K. Home Office concluding the parties' dispute regarding the U.K. Home Office's July 2010 termination of RSL's eBorders contract within our IIS segment. The settlement included a cash payment from the U.K. Home Office to RSL of £150 million (approximately $226 million based on foreign exchange rates as of the settlement date) for the resolution of all claims and counterclaims of both parties related to the matter. After certain expenses and derecognition of the outstanding receivables, IIS recorded $181 million in operating income through a reduction in cost of sales. The decrease in external cost of sales at IDS was driven principally by the tax-free $158 million gain from the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS as described in MD&A Overview on page 23, and by the programs described above in Total Net Sales.

Products and Services Cost of Sales - First Six Months of 2016 vs. First Six Months of 2015—The increase in products cost of sales of $341 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to higher external products cost of sales of $261 million at SAS, $260 million at MS and $184 million at IIS, partially offset by lower external products cost of sales of $310 million at IDS and $94 million of lower expense related to the FAS/CAS adjustment. The increases in external products cost of sales at MS and SAS were primarily due to the programs described above in Total Net Sales. The increase in external products cost of sales at IIS was driven principally by the $181 million impact from the eBorders settlement in the first quarter of 2015 described above. The lower products cost of sales at IDS was principally driven by the tax-free $158 million gain from the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS as described in MD&A Overview on page 23, and by the programs described above in Total Net Sales. The increase in services cost of sales of $81 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to higher external services cost of sales of $66 million at IIS, spread across numerous mission support and modernization programs with no individual or common significant driver, and higher external services cost of sales of $52 million at IDS, driven principally by the programs described above in Total Net Sales.

General and Administrative Expenses
 
Three Months Ended
 
% of Total Net Sales
(In millions, except percentages)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Administrative and selling expenses
$
514

 
$
489

 
8.5
%
 
8.4
%
Research and development expenses
181

 
186

 
3.0
%
 
3.2
%
Total general and administrative expenses
$
695

 
$
675

 
11.5
%
 
11.6
%

The increase in administrative and selling expenses of $25 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily driven by a $46 million increase at Forcepoint principally driven by the acquisition of Websense, partially offset by $23 million of Websense acquisition and integration related expenses recorded at Corporate in the second quarter of 2015.

Included in administrative and selling expenses is the provision for state income taxes, which generally can be recovered through the pricing of products and services to the U.S. government. Net state income taxes allocated to our contracts were $(2) million and $14 million in the second quarters of 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Research and development expenses in the second quarter of 2016 were relatively consistent with the second quarter of 2015.

26

 
Six Months Ended
 
% of Total Net Sales
(In millions, except percentages)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Administrative and selling expenses
$
1,066

 
$
962

 
9.0
%
 
8.6
%
Research and development expenses
380

 
328

 
3.2
%
 
2.9
%
Total general and administrative expenses
$
1,446

 
$
1,290

 
12.3
%
 
11.6
%

The increase in administrative and selling expenses of $104 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily driven by a $104 million increase at Forcepoint principally driven by the acquisition of Websense.

Included in administrative and selling expenses is the provision for state income taxes, which generally can be recovered through the pricing of products and services to the U.S. government. Net state income taxes allocated to our contracts were $11 million and $29 million in the first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The increase in research and development expenses of $52 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to increased research and development expenses of $33 million at Forcepoint driven by our acquisition of Websense and development activity related to new commercial products, and $28 million at MS, driven principally by higher independent research and development activity related to advanced technologies.

Total Operating Expenses
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except percentages)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Total operating expenses
$
5,075

 
$
5,200

 
$
10,226

 
$
9,648

% of Total Net Sales
84.1
%
 
88.9
%
 
86.7
%
 
86.6
%

The decrease in total operating expenses of $125 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to the decrease in total cost of sales of $145 million, the primary drivers of which are described above in Total Cost of Sales.

The increase in total operating expenses of $578 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was due to the increase in total cost of sales of $422 million, the primary drivers of which are described above in Total Cost of Sales, and the increase in general and administrative expenses of $156 million, the primary drivers of which are described above in General and Administrative Expenses.

Operating Income
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except percentages)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Operating income
$
960

 
$
648

 
$
1,572

 
$
1,488

% of Total Net Sales
15.9
%
 
11.1
%
 
13.3
%
 
13.4
%

The increase in operating income of $312 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was due to the increase in total net sales of $187 million, the primary drivers of which are described above in Total Net Sales, and the decrease in total operating expenses of $125 million, the primary drivers of which are described above in Total Operating Expenses and includes the tax-free $158 million gain from the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS in the second quarter of 2016 as described in MD&A Overview on page 23.

The increase in operating income of $84 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was due to the increase in total net sales of $662 million, the primary drivers of which are described above in Total Net Sales, partially offset by the increase in total operating expenses of $578 million, the primary drivers of which are described above in Total Operating Expenses.

27

Total Non-Operating (Income) Expense, Net
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Non-operating (income) expense, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense
$
58

 
$
59

 
$
116

 
$
117

Interest income
(4
)
 
(2
)
 
(8
)
 
(6
)
Other (income) expense, net
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(3
)
 
(3
)
Total non-operating (income) expense, net
$
53

 
$
56

 
$
105

 
$
108


Total non-operating (income) expense, net in the second quarter and first six months of 2016 was relatively consistent with the second quarter and first six months of 2015.

Federal and Foreign Income Taxes
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except percentages)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Federal and foreign income taxes
$
202

 
$
90

 
$
358

 
$
324

Effective tax rate
22.3
%
 
15.2
%
 
24.4
%
 
23.5
%

Our effective tax rate in the second quarter of 2016 was 22.3% compared to 15.2% in the second quarter of 2015. The increase of 7.1% was primarily due to tax settlements of $88 million in 2015, which decreased the 2015 rate by 14.8%, and the domestic manufacturing deduction, which increased the rate by 2.1%, partially offset by the tax-free gain related to the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS as described in MD&A Overview on page 23, which decreased the rate by 6.1% and the tax benefit recognized upon settlement of stock-based awards due to the adoption of the new accounting standard for stock-based compensation in the first quarter of 2016 as discussed further in "Note 2: Accounting Standards", which decreased the rate by 3.1%. The remaining decrease of 0.6% is composed of various items which individually or collectively are not significant. The adoption of the new accounting standard could result in fluctuations in our effective tax rate period over period depending on how many awards vest in a quarter as well as the volatility of our stock price.

Our effective tax rate in the second quarter of 2016 was 12.7% lower than the statutory federal rate primarily due to the tax-free gain related to the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS as described in MD&A Overview on page 23, which decreased the rate by 6.1%, the tax benefit recognized upon settlement of stock-based awards as discussed above, which decreased the rate by 3.1%, the domestic manufacturing deduction, which decreased the rate by 2.3%, and the research and development (R&D) tax credit, which decreased the rate by 1.0%. The remaining decrease of 0.2% is composed of various items which individually or collectively are not significant.

Our effective tax rate in the second quarter of 2015 was 19.8% lower than the statutory federal rate primarily due to tax settlements of $88 million which decreased the rate by 14.8%, the domestic manufacturing deduction, which decreased the rate by 4.3%, and the foreign rate differential, which decreased the rate by 1.1%. The remaining increase of 0.4% is composed of various items which individually or collectively are not significant.

Our effective tax rate in the first six months of 2016 was 24.4% compared to 23.5% in the first six months of 2015. The increase of 0.9% was primarily due to tax settlements of $88 million in 2015, which decreased the 2015 rate by 6.5%, and the foreign rate differential, which increased the rate by 1.3%, partially offset by the tax-free gain related to the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS as described in MD&A Overview on page 23, which decreased the rate by 3.8%, and the tax benefit recognized upon settlement of stock-based awards as discussed above, which decreased the rate by 3.0%. The remaining decrease of 0.1% is composed of various items which individually or collectively are not significant.

Our effective tax rate in the first six months of 2016 was 10.6% lower than the statutory federal rate primarily due to the tax-free gain related to the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS as described in MD&A Overview on page 23, which decreased the rate by 3.8%, the tax benefit recognized upon settlement of stock-based awards as discussed above, which decreased the rate by 3.0%, the domestic manufacturing deduction, which decreased the rate by 2.8%, and the R&D tax credit, which decreased the rate by 1.2%. The remaining increase of 0.2% is composed of various items which individually or collectively are not significant.

Our effective tax rate in the first six months of 2015 was 11.5% lower than the statutory federal rate primarily due to tax settlements of $88 million which decreased the rate by 6.5%, the domestic manufacturing deduction, which decreased the rate by 3.7%, and

28

the foreign rate differential, which decreased the rate by 1.2%. The remaining decrease of 0.1% is composed of various items which individually or collectively are not significant.

Income from Continuing Operations
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Income from continuing operations
$
705

 
$
502

 
$
1,109

 
$
1,056


The increase in income from continuing operations of $203 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to an increase of $312 million in operating income, the primary drivers of which are described above in Operating Income, partially offset by an increase of $112 million in federal and foreign income taxes, related primarily to the increase in operating income and the change in effective tax rate described above in Federal and Foreign Income Taxes.

The increase in income from continuing operations of $53 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to an increase of $84 million in operating income, the primary drivers of which are described above in Operating Income, partially offset by an increase of $34 million in federal and foreign income taxes, related primarily to the increase in operating income and the change in effective tax rate described above in Federal and Foreign Income Taxes.

Net Income
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Net income
$
704

 
$
503

 
$
1,109

 
$
1,057


The increase in net income of $201 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to the $203 million increase in income from continuing operations, the primary drivers of which are described above in Income from Continuing Operations.

The increase in net income of $52 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to the $53 million increase in income from continuing operations, the primary drivers of which are described above in Income from Continuing Operations.

Diluted EPS from Continuing Operations Attributable to Raytheon Company Common Stockholders
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except per share amounts)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Income from continuing operations attributable to Raytheon Company
 
$
710

 
$
504

 
$
1,138

 
$
1,055

Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding
 
297.6

 
305.7

 
298.6

 
307.2

 Diluted EPS from continuing operations attributable to Raytheon Company
 
$
2.38

 
$
1.65

 
$
3.81

 
$
3.44


The increase in diluted EPS from continuing operations attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders of $0.73 in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to the increase in income from continuing operations described above and a decrease in weighted-average shares outstanding, which was affected by the common stock share activity shown in the table below.

The increase in diluted EPS from continuing operations attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders of $0.37 in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to the increase in income from continuing operations described above and a decrease in weighted-average shares outstanding, which was affected by the common stock share activity shown in the table below.


29

Our common stock share activity was as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Beginning balance
 
296.9

 
305.9

 
299.0

 
307.3

Stock plans activity
 
0.2

 
—

 
1.6

 
1.8

Share repurchases
 
(2.0
)
 
(2.3
)
 
(5.5
)
 
(5.5
)
Ending balance
 
295.1

 
303.6

 
295.1

 
303.6


Diluted EPS Attributable to Raytheon Company Common Stockholders
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except per share amounts)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Net income attributable to Raytheon Company
 
$
709

 
$
505

 
$
1,138

 
$
1,056

Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding
 
297.6

 
305.7

 
298.6

 
307.2

Diluted EPS attributable to Raytheon Company
 
$
2.38

 
$
1.65

 
$
3.81

 
$
3.44


The increase in diluted EPS attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders of $0.73 in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to the $0.73 increase in diluted EPS from continuing operations attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders described above.

The increase in diluted EPS attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders of $0.37 in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to the $0.37 increase in diluted EPS from continuing operations attributable to Raytheon Company common stockholders described above.

SEGMENT RESULTS
We report our results in the following segments: Integrated Defense Systems (IDS); Intelligence, Information and Services (IIS); Missile Systems (MS); Space and Airborne Systems (SAS); and Forcepoint.

The following provides some context for viewing our segment performance through the eyes of management.
 
Given the nature of our business, bookings, total net sales and operating income (and the related operating margin percentage), which we disclose and discuss at the segment level, are most relevant to an understanding of management’s view of our segment performance, and often these measures have significant interrelated effects, as described below. In addition, we disclose and discuss backlog, which represents future sales that we expect to recognize over the remaining contract period, which is generally several years. We also disclose total operating expenses and the components of total operating expenses within our segment disclosures.

Bookings—We disclose the amount of bookings and notable contract awards for each segment. Bookings generally represent the dollar value of new contracts awarded to us during the reporting period and include firm orders for which funding has not been appropriated. We believe bookings are an important measure of future performance and are an indicator of potential future changes in total net sales, because we cannot record revenues under a new contract without first having a booking in the current or a preceding period.

Bookings are impacted by the timing and amounts of awards in a given period, which are subject to numerous factors, including the desired capability by the customer and urgency of customer needs; customer budgets and other fiscal constraints; political and economic and other environmental factors; the timing of customer negotiations; the timing of governmental approvals and notifications; and the timing of option exercises or increases in scope. In addition, due to these factors, quarterly bookings tend to fluctuate from period to period, particularly on a segment basis. As a result, we believe comparing bookings on a quarterly basis or for periods less than one year is less meaningful than for longer periods and that shorter term changes in bookings may not necessarily indicate a material trend.

30

 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
Bookings (in millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Integrated Defense Systems
 
$
1,273

 
$
2,650

 
$
2,290

 
$
3,978

Intelligence, Information and Services
 
1,599

 
1,425

 
2,852

 
2,513

Missile Systems
 
1,906

 
2,216

 
3,538

 
3,621

Space and Airborne Systems
 
2,217

 
1,240

 
4,419

 
1,871

Forcepoint
 
123

 
49

 
220

 
68

Total
 
$
7,118

 
$
7,580

 
$
13,319

 
$
12,051


Included in bookings were international bookings of $2,212 million and $3,494 million in the second quarters of 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $3,867 million and $4,999 million in the first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively, which included foreign military bookings through the U.S. government. International bookings amounted to 31% and 46% of total bookings in the second quarters of 2016 and 2015, respectively, and 29% and 41% of total bookings in the first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively.

We record bookings for not-to-exceed contract awards (e.g., undefinitized contract awards, binding letter agreements) based on reasonable estimates of expected contract definitization, which generally will not be less than 75% of the award. We subsequently adjust bookings to reflect the actual amounts definitized or, when prior to definitization, when facts and circumstances indicate that our previously estimated amounts are no longer reasonable. The timing of awards that may cover multiple fiscal years influences the size of bookings in each year. Bookings exclude unexercised contract options and potential orders under ordering-type contracts (e.g., indefinite-delivery, indefinite-quantity (IDIQ) type contracts), and are reduced for contract cancellations and terminations of bookings recognized in the current year. We reflect contract cancellations and terminations from prior year bookings, as well as the impact of changes in foreign exchange rates, directly as an adjustment to backlog in the period in which the cancellation or termination occurs and the impact is determinable.

Backlog—We disclose period-ending backlog for each segment. Backlog represents the dollar value of firm orders for which work has not been performed. Backlog generally increases with bookings and generally converts into sales as we incur costs under the related contractual commitments. Therefore, we discuss changes in backlog, including any significant cancellations, for each of our segments, as we believe such discussion provides an understanding of the awarded but not executed portions of our contracts.  
 
 
Funded Backlog
 
Total Backlog
Backlog (in millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Dec 31, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Dec 31, 2015
Integrated Defense Systems
 
$
8,584

 
$
8,961

 
$
9,959

 
$
10,629

Intelligence, Information and Services
 
2,745

 
2,933

 
6,060

 
6,367

Missile Systems
 
8,646

 
7,998

 
10,943

 
10,885

Space and Airborne Systems
 
5,691

 
4,692

 
7,877

 
6,309

Forcepoint(1)

 
469

 
476

 
471

 
479

Total
 
$
26,135

 
$
25,060

 
$
35,310

 
$
34,669

(1)
Forcepoint funded and total backlog excludes the unfavorable impact of $76 million and $86 million at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, related to the acquisition accounting adjustments to record acquired deferred revenue at fair value.

Total backlog includes both funded backlog (firm orders for which funding is authorized, appropriated and contractually obligated by the customer but for which work has not been performed) and unfunded backlog (firm orders for which funding has not been appropriated and/or contractually obligated by the customer and for which work has not been performed). Revenue is generally not recognized on backlog until funded. Backlog excludes unexercised contract options and potential orders under ordering-type contracts (e.g., IDIQ). Both funded and unfunded backlog are affected by changes in foreign exchange rates.

Total Net Sales—We generally express changes in total net sales in terms of volume. Volume generally refers to increases or decreases in revenues related to varying amounts of total operating expenses, which are comprised of cost of sales and general and administrative expenses, which include administrative and selling expenses (including bid and proposal costs) and research and development expenses, incurred on individual contracts (i.e., from performance against contractual commitments on our bookings related to engineering, production or service activity). Therefore, we discuss volume changes attributable principally to individual programs or product lines unless there is a discrete event (e.g., a major contract termination, natural disaster or major labor strike), or some other unusual item that has a material effect on changes in a segment's volume for a reported period. Due to the nature of our contracts, the amount of costs incurred and related revenues will naturally fluctuate over the lives of our

31

contracts. As a result, in any reporting period, the changes in volume on numerous contracts are likely to be due to normal fluctuations in our engineering, production or service activities.

Total net sales by segment were as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
Total Net Sales (in millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Integrated Defense Systems
 
$
1,399

 
$
1,565

 
$
2,736

 
$
2,872

Intelligence, Information and Services
 
1,642

 
1,594

 
3,135

 
3,055

Missile Systems
 
1,656

 
1,559

 
3,376

 
3,032

Space and Airborne Systems
 
1,547

 
1,416

 
2,997

 
2,774

Forcepoint
 
138

 
57

 
274

 
81

Eliminations
 
(326
)
 
(333
)
 
(673
)
 
(668
)
Total business segment sales
 
6,056


5,858


11,845


11,146

Acquisition Accounting Adjustments
 
(21
)
 
(10
)
 
(47
)
 
(10
)
Total
 
$
6,035

 
$
5,848

 
$
11,798

 
$
11,136


Total Operating Expenses—We generally disclose operating expenses for each segment in terms of the following: 1) cost of sales—labor; 2) cost of sales—materials and subcontractors; and 3) other costs of sales and other operating expenses. Included in cost of sales—labor is the incurred direct labor associated with the performance of contracts in the current period and any applicable overhead and fringe costs. Included in cost of sales—materials and subcontractors is the incurred direct materials, subcontractor costs (which could include effort performed by other Raytheon segments or locations) and applicable overhead allocations in the current period. Included in other cost of sales and other operating expenses is other direct costs not captured in labor or material and subcontractor costs, such as precontract costs previously deferred, costs previously deferred into inventory on contracts using commercial or units of delivery accounting, applicable overhead allocations, general and administrative expenses, which include administrative and selling expenses (including bid and proposal costs) and research and development expenses, other direct costs (such as ancillary services and travel expenses) and adjustments for loss contracts.

Operating Income (and the related operating margin percentage)—We generally express changes in segment operating income in terms of volume, net changes in Estimate at Completion (EAC) adjustments or changes in contract mix and other program performance.

The impact of changes in volume on operating income excludes the impact of net EAC adjustments and the impact of changes in contract mix and other program performance and is calculated based on changes in costs on individual programs at an overall margin for the segment.

Changes in net EAC adjustments typically relate to the current period impact of revisions to total estimated revenues and costs at completion. These changes reflect improved or deteriorated operating performance or award fee rates. For a full description of our EAC process, refer to "Note 3: Changes in Estimates under Percentage of Completion Contract Accounting". Given that we have thousands of individual contracts and the types and complexity of the assumptions and estimates we must make on an on-going basis, we have both favorable and unfavorable EAC adjustments. We had the following aggregate EAC adjustments for the periods presented:
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
EAC Adjustments (in millions)
Jul 3, 2016

 
Jun 28, 2015

 
Jul 3, 2016

 
Jun 28, 2015

Gross favorable
$
228

 
$
150

 
$
407

 
$
331

Gross unfavorable
(94
)
 
(110
)
 
(252
)
 
(170
)
Total net EAC adjustments
$
134

 
$
40

 
$
155

 
$
161


Significant EAC adjustments in the second quarters and first six months of 2016 and 2015 are discussed in the Operating Income and Margin section of each business segment's discussion below. The increase in net EAC adjustments of $94 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to the increase in net EAC adjustments at IDS and SAS. Total net EAC adjustments in the first six months of 2016 were relatively consistent with the first six months of 2015. Refer to the individual segment results for further information.


32

Changes in contract mix and other program performance refer to changes in operating margin due to a change in the relative volume of contracts with higher or lower fee rates such that the overall average margin rate for the segment changes, and other drivers of program performance including margin rate increases or decreases due to EAC adjustments in prior periods. A higher or lower expected fee rate at the initial award of a contract typically correlates to the contract's risk profile, which is often specifically driven by the type of customer and related procurement regulations, the type of contract (e.g., fixed-price vs. cost-plus), the maturity of the product or service and the scope of work. Changes in contract mix and other performance also include all other items which are not related to volume or EAC adjustments.

Because each segment has thousands of contracts in any reporting period, changes in operating income and margin are likely to be due to normal changes in volume, net EAC adjustments, and contract mix and other performance on many contracts with no single change, or series of related changes, materially driving a segment's change in operating income or operating margin percentage.

Operating income by segment was as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
Operating Income (in millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Integrated Defense Systems
 
$
375

 
$
202

 
$
522

 
$
385

Intelligence, Information and Services
 
124

 
122

 
224

 
417

Missile Systems
 
223

 
184

 
415

 
391

Space and Airborne Systems
 
203

 
195

 
376

 
377

Forcepoint
 
7

 
(1
)
 
21

 
(1
)
Eliminations
 
(34
)
 
(36
)
 
(67
)
 
(69
)
Total business segment operating income
 
898


666


1,491


1,500

Acquisition Accounting Adjustments
 
(51
)
 
(32
)
 
(109
)
 
(46
)
FAS/CAS Adjustment
 
109

 
49

 
214

 
98

Corporate
 
4

 
(35
)
 
(24
)
 
(64
)
Total
 
$
960

 
$
648

 
$
1,572

 
$
1,488


Integrated Defense Systems
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except percentages)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
Total net sales
 
$
1,399

 
$
1,565

 
(10.6
)%
 
$
2,736

 
$
2,872

 
(4.7
)%
Total operating expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales—labor
 
498

 
486

 
2.5
 %
 
1,007

 
940

 
7.1
 %
Cost of sales—materials and subcontractors
 
482

 
557

 
(13.5
)%
 
935

 
1,035

 
(9.7
)%
Other cost of sales and other operating expenses
 
44

 
320

 
(86.3
)%
 
272

 
512

 
(46.9
)%
Total operating expenses
 
1,024

 
1,363

 
(24.9
)%
 
2,214

 
2,487

 
(11.0
)%
Operating income
 
$
375

 
$
202

 
85.6
 %
 
$
522

 
$
385

 
35.6
 %
Operating margin
 
26.8
%
 
12.9
%
 
 
 
19.1
%
 
13.4
%
 
 

33

Change in Operating Income (in millions)
 
Three Months Ended July 3, 2016 Versus Three Months Ended Jun 28, 2015
 
Six Months Ended July 3, 2016 Versus Six Months Ended Jun 28, 2015
Volume
 
 
 
$
(27
)
 
 
 
 
 
$
(17
)
 
 
Net change in EAC adjustments
 
 
 
59

 
 
 
 
 
19

 
 
Mix and other performance
 
 
 
141

 
 
 
 
 
135

 
 
Total change in operating income
 
 
 
$
173

 
 
 
 
 
$
137

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except percentages)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
Bookings
 
$
1,273

 
$
2,650

 
(52.0
)%
 
$
2,290

 
$
3,978

 
(42.4
)%

Total Net Sales—The decrease in total net sales of $166 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to lower net sales of $111 million on an international Patriot program awarded in the second quarter of 2015 driven by the recognition of previously deferred precontract costs in the second quarter of 2015.

The decrease in total net sales of $136 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to lower net sales of $78 million from the scheduled completion of certain production phases on our missile defense radar production programs and $47 million from the scheduled completion of certain production phases on a U.S. Navy combat systems program, partially offset by higher net sales of $42 million on integrated air and missile defense programs, including $115 million of higher net sales on an international Patriot program awarded in the fourth quarter of 2014 due to a scheduled increase in production and $99 million of lower net sales from the scheduled completion of certain production phases on an international air and missile defense systems program.

Total Operating Expenses—The decrease in total operating expenses of $339 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to a decrease in other cost of sales and other operating expenses of $276 million and a decrease in materials and subcontractors costs of $75 million. The decrease in other cost of sales and other operating expenses was principally driven by the tax-free $158 million gain from the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS in the second quarter of 2016 as described in MD&A Overview on page 23, and a change in previously deferred precontract costs of $101 million in the second quarter of 2015 related to the international Patriot program awarded in the second quarter of 2015. The decrease in materials and subcontractors costs was primarily due to lower activity on an international air and missile defense systems program due to scheduled production phases.

The decrease in total operating expenses of $273 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was due to a decrease in other cost of sales and other operating expenses of $240 million and a decrease in materials and subcontractors costs of $100 million, partially offset by an increase in labor costs of $67 million. The decrease in other cost of sales and other operating expenses was principally driven by the tax-free $158 million gain from the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS in the second quarter of 2016 as described in MD&A Overview on page 23, and a change in previously deferred precontract costs of $101 million in the second quarter of 2015 related to the international Patriot program awarded in the second quarter of 2015. The decrease in materials and subcontractors costs was primarily due to lower activity on an international air and missile defense systems program as described above in Total Net Sales. The increase in labor costs was primarily due to the activity on the international Patriot program awarded in the fourth quarter of 2014 described above in Total Net Sales.

Operating Income and Margin—The increase in operating income of $173 million and the related increase in operating margin in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to a change in mix and other performance of $141 million, principally driven by the tax-free $158 million gain from the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS in the second quarter of 2016 as described in MD&A Overview on page 23. Included in the net change in EAC adjustments was a negative profit adjustment of $33 million in the second quarter of 2015 to eliminate all remaining estimated incentive fees related to the Air Warfare Destroyer (AWD) program due to the shipbuilder extending the planned schedule and related increase in costs to complete its portion of the program and a $29 million favorable change in net EAC adjustments driven by labor and material production efficiencies on integrated air and missile defense programs.

The increase in operating income of $137 million and the related increase in operating margin in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to a change in mix and other performance of $135 million driven principally by the tax-free $158 million gain from the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS in the second quarter of 2016 as described in MD&A Overview on page 23. Included in the net change in EAC adjustments was a $43 million favorable change in net EAC adjustments driven by labor and material production efficiencies on integrated air and missile defense programs, a negative profit adjustment of $36 million in the first quarter of 2016 on an international command and control program driven

34

by costs to replace or repair shelters which the subcontractor refused to remedy resulting in the subcontractor being terminated and a negative profit adjustment of $33 million in the second quarter of 2015 on the AWD program as described above.

Backlog and Bookings—Backlog was $9,959 million at July 3, 2016 compared to $10,629 million at December 31, 2015. The decrease in backlog of $670 million or 6% at July 3, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015 was primarily due to sales in excess of bookings at our Integrated Air and Missile Defense product line. Bookings decreased by $1,377 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015. In the second quarter of 2016, IDS booked $487 million to provide advanced Patriot air and missile defense capabilities for Kuwait. IDS also booked $354 million on the Aegis weapon system for the U.S. Navy and international customers and $117 million for in-service support for the Collins class submarine for the Royal Australian Navy. In the second quarter of 2015, IDS booked $2.0 billion to provide advanced Patriot air and missile defense capabilities for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. IDS also booked $132 million to provide satellite communication ground terminals for an international customer.

Bookings decreased by $1,688 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015. In addition to the bookings noted above, in the first six months of 2016, IDS booked $191 million to provide Patriot engineering services support for U.S. and international customers and $84 million to provide advanced Patriot air and missile defense capability for the U.S. Army. IDS also booked $198 million on a classified program. In addition to the bookings noted above, in the first six months of 2015, IDS booked $769 million to provide advanced Patriot air and missile defense capability for the Republic of Korea. IDS also booked $213 million to provide Patriot engineering services support for U.S. and international customers.

Intelligence, Information and Services
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except percentages)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
Total net sales
 
$
1,642

 
$
1,594

 
3.0
 %
 
$
3,135

 
$
3,055

 
2.6
 %
Total operating expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales—labor
 
648

 
636

 
1.9
 %
 
1,283

 
1,224

 
4.8
 %
Cost of sales—materials and subcontractors
 
615

 
645

 
(4.7
)%
 
1,188

 
1,225

 
(3.0
)%
Other cost of sales and other operating expenses
 
255

 
191

 
33.5
 %
 
440

 
189

 
132.8
 %
Total operating expenses
 
1,518

 
1,472

 
3.1
 %
 
2,911

 
2,638

 
10.3
 %
Operating income
 
$
124

 
$
122

 
1.6
 %
 
$
224

 
$
417

 
(46.3
)%
Operating margin
 
7.6
%
 
7.7
%
 
 
 
7.1
%
 
13.6
%
 
 

Change in Operating Income (in millions)
 
Three Months Ended July 3, 2016 Versus Three Months Ended Jun 28, 2015
 
Six Months Ended July 3, 2016 Versus Six Months Ended Jun 28, 2015
Volume
 
 
 
$
3

 
 
 
 
 
$
7

 
 
Net change in EAC adjustments
 
 
 
(4
)
 
 
 
 
 
(6
)
 
 
Mix and other performance
 
 
 
3

 
 
 
 
 
(194
)
 
 
Total change in operating income
 
 
 
$
2

 
 
 
 
 
$
(193
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except percentages)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
Bookings
 
$
1,599

 
$
1,425

 
12.2
%
 
$
2,852

 
$
2,513

 
13.5
%

Total Net Sales—The increase in total net sales of $48 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to higher net sales of $77 million on various cybersecurity and special missions programs with no individual or common significant driver. The increase in total net sales was partially offset by lower net sales of $25 million on training activities on the Air Traffic Control Optimum Training Solutions (ATCOTS) contract for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), which ended in 2015.


35

The increase in total net sales of $80 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to higher net sales of $106 million on various cybersecurity and special missions programs with no individual or common significant driver, partially offset by lower net sales of $50 million on the ATCOTS contract for the FAA, which ended in 2015.

Total Operating Expenses—The increase in total operating expenses of $46 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to an increase in other cost of sales and other operating expenses of $64 million, driven principally by activity on the various cybersecurity and special missions programs described above in Total Net Sales.

The increase in total operating expenses of $273 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to an increase in other cost of sales and other operating expenses of $251 million, driven principally by the $181 million impact from the eBorders settlement in the first quarter of 2015 as described in Consolidated Results of Operations beginning on page 23, and activity on the various cybersecurity and special missions programs described above in Total Net Sales.

Operating Income and Margin—Operating income and margin in the second quarter of 2016 were relatively consistent with the second quarter of 2015.

The decrease in operating income of $193 million and the related decrease in operating margin in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to a change in mix and other performance of $194 million, driven principally by the $181 million impact of the eBorders settlement in the first quarter of 2015 as described in Consolidated Results of Operations beginning on page 23.

Backlog and Bookings—Backlog was $6,060 million at July 3, 2016 compared to $6,367 million at December 31, 2015. Bookings increased by $174 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015. In the second quarter of 2016, IIS booked $445 million on domestic training programs and $129 million on foreign training programs in support of Warfighter FOCUS activities. IIS also booked $453 million on a number of classified contracts. In the second quarter of 2015, IIS booked $387 million on domestic training programs, $151 million on foreign training programs in support of Warfighter FOCUS activities and $77 million on the NextGen Weather Processor (NWP) program for the FAA. IIS also booked $376 million on a number of classified contracts.

Bookings increased by $339 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015. In addition to the bookings above, in the first six months of 2016, IIS booked $301 million for a U.S. Air Force program and $555 million on a number of classified contracts. In addition to the bookings above, in the first six months of 2015, IIS booked $103 million on the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) program for the FAA and $547 million on a number of classified contracts.

Missile Systems
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except percentages)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
Total net sales
 
$
1,656

 
$
1,559

 
6.2
%
 
$
3,376

 
$
3,032

 
11.3
%
Total operating expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales—labor
 
527

 
505

 
4.4
%
 
1,053

 
985

 
6.9
%
Cost of sales—materials and subcontractors
 
667

 
649

 
2.8
%
 
1,313

 
1,276

 
2.9
%
Other cost of sales and other operating expenses
 
239

 
221

 
8.1
%
 
595

 
380

 
56.6
%
Total operating expenses
 
1,433

 
1,375

 
4.2
%
 
2,961

 
2,641

 
12.1
%
Operating income
 
$
223

 
$
184

 
21.2
%
 
$
415

 
$
391

 
6.1
%
Operating margin
 
13.5
%
 
11.8
%
 
 
 
12.3
%
 
12.9
%
 
 

36

Change in Operating Income (in millions)
 
Three Months Ended July 3, 2016 Versus Three Months Ended Jun 28, 2015
 
Six Months Ended July 3, 2016 Versus Six Months Ended Jun 28, 2015
Volume
 
 
 
$
8

 
 
 
 
 
$
41

 
 
Net change in EAC adjustments
 
 
 
12

 
 
 
 
 
(57
)
 
 
Mix and other performance
 
 
 
19

 
 
 
 
 
40

 
 
Total change in operating income
 
 
 
$
39

 
 
 
 
 
$
24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except percentages)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
Bookings
 
$
1,906

 
$
2,216

 
(14.0
)%
 
$
3,538

 
$
3,621

 
(2.3
)%

Total Net Sales—The increase in total net sales of $97 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to $98 million of higher net sales on the Paveway program principally driven by international requirements.

The increase in total net sales of $344 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to $265 million of higher net sales on the Paveway program principally driven by international requirements.

Total Operating Expenses—Operating expenses in the second quarter of 2016 were relatively consistent with the second quarter of 2015.

The increase in total operating expenses of $320 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to an increase in other cost of sales and other operating expenses of $215 million and an increase in labor costs of $68 million. The increase in other cost of sales and other operating expenses was driven principally by an $86 million change in previously deferred precontract costs based on contract awards or funding, a $49 million increase in other cost of sales on the Paveway program driven by the program requirements discussed above in Total Net Sales and a $25 million favorable resolution of a contractual issue in the first quarter of 2015. The increase in labor costs was spread across numerous programs with no individual or common significant driver.

Operating Income and Margin—The increase in operating income of $39 million and the related increase in operating margin in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to a change in mix and other performance of $19 million and a net change in EAC adjustments of $12 million. The change in mix and other performance was spread across numerous programs with no individual or common significant driver. The net change in EAC adjustments was principally driven by a favorable change in net EAC adjustments on the Paveway program due to labor and material production efficiencies.

The increase in operating income of $24 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was due to an increase in volume of $41 million and a change in mix and other performance of $40 million, partially offset by a net change in EAC adjustments of $57 million. The increase in volume and the change in mix and other performance were driven principally by the Paveway program described above in Total Net Sales. The net change in EAC adjustments was principally driven by a $29 million unfavorable change on a missile defense interceptor program driven primarily by a decrease in estimated incentive fees due to re-phasing incentive events in the first quarter of 2016 and an increase in expected cost to complete the program, and a $25 million favorable resolution of a contractual issue in the first quarter of 2015, partially offset by a $26 million favorable change in net EAC adjustments on the Paveway program due to labor and material production efficiencies. The remaining change in net EAC adjustments was spread across numerous programs with no individual or common significant driver. The decrease in operating margin in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to the net change in EAC adjustments, partially offset by the change in mix and other performance.

Backlog and Bookings—Backlog was $10,943 million at July 3, 2016 compared to $10,885 million at December 31, 2015. Bookings decreased by $310 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015. In the second quarter of 2016, MS booked $298 million for AIM-9X® Sidewinder short-range air-to-air missiles for the U.S. Navy, U.S. Air Force, U.S. Army and international customers, $292 million for Paveway for the U.S. Air Force and international customers, $230 million for Standard Missile-3 (SM-3®) for the MDA and an international customer, $186 million for the Woomera Mobile Range Upgrade program for the Royal Australian Air Force, $122 million for the Miniature Air Launched Decoy (MALD®) for the U.S. Air Force, $118 million for Evolved SeaSparrow Missiles (ESSM®) for the U.S. Navy and international customers, and $109 million for Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missiles (AMRAAM®) for the U.S. Air Force, U.S. Navy, and international customers. In the second quarter of 2015, MS booked $529 million for SM-3 for the MDA, $511 million on ESSM for the U.S. Navy and international customers, $363 million for Paveway for international customers, and $143 million for Standard Missile-6 (SM-6®) for the U.S. Navy. MS also booked $99 million on a classified program.

37

Bookings decreased by $83 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015. In addition to the bookings above, in the first six months of 2016, MS booked $646 million for AMRAAM for the U.S. Air Force, U.S. Navy and international customers, $272 million for SM-6 for the U.S. Navy and $225 million for Paveway for the U.S. Air Force and international customers. In addition to the bookings above, in the first six months of 2015, MS booked $539 million for AMRAAM for the U.S. Air Force, U.S. Navy and international customers, $231 million for Tomahawk for the U.S. Navy, $110 million for SM-6 for the U.S. Navy and $92 million for MALD for the U.S. Air Force.

Space and Airborne Systems
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except percentages)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
Total net sales
 
$
1,547

 
$
1,416

 
9.3
 %
 
$
2,997

 
$
2,774

 
8.0
 %
Total operating expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales—labor
 
626

 
626

 
—
 %
 
1,226

 
1,233

 
(0.6
)%
Cost of sales—materials and subcontractors
 
462

 
335

 
37.9
 %
 
854

 
668

 
27.8
 %
Other cost of sales and other operating expenses
 
256

 
260

 
(1.5
)%
 
541

 
496

 
9.1
 %
Total operating expenses
 
1,344

 
1,221

 
10.1
 %
 
2,621

 
2,397

 
9.3
 %
Operating income
 
$
203

 
$
195

 
4.1
 %
 
$
376

 
$
377

 
(0.3
)%
Operating margin
 
13.1
%
 
13.8
%
 
 
 
12.5
%
 
13.6
%
 
 
Change in Operating Income (in millions)
 
Three Months Ended July 3, 2016 Versus Three Months Ended Jun 28, 2015
 
Six Months Ended July 3, 2016 Versus Six Months Ended Jun 28, 2015
Volume
 
 
 
$
19

 
 
 
 
 
$
34

 
 
Net change in EAC adjustments
 
 
 
27

 
 
 
 
 
38

 
 
Mix and other performance
 
 
 
(38
)
 
 
 
 
 
(73
)
 
 
Total change in operating income
 
 
 
$
8

 
 
 
 
 
$
(1
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except percentages)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
Bookings
 
$
2,217

 
$
1,240

 
78.8
%
 
$
4,419

 
$
1,871

 
136.2
%

Total Net Sales—The increase in total net sales of $131 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to higher net sales of $153 million on classified programs, principally driven by $97 million on an international classified program awarded in the first quarter of 2016.

The increase in total net sales of $223 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to higher net sales of $282 million on classified programs, principally driven by $151 million on an international classified program awarded in the first quarter of 2016.

Total Operating Expenses—The increase in total operating expenses of $123 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to an increase in materials and subcontractors costs of $127 million, principally driven by activity on the classified programs described above in Total Net Sales. In the first quarter of 2016, we eliminated intra-segment charging between SAS product lines for work performed on other SAS product lines’ contracts. Second quarter of 2015 operating expense amounts have been retroactively reclassified to reflect these changes resulting in a $30 million and $65 million increase in other cost of sales and other operating expenses and labor costs, respectively, and a corresponding $95 million decrease in materials and subcontractors costs.

The increase in total operating expenses of $224 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to an increase in materials and subcontractors costs of $186 million and an increase in other costs of sales and other operating expenses of $45 million. The increase in materials and subcontractors costs was primarily driven by the activity on the programs described above in Total Net Sales. The increase in other cost of sales and other operating expenses was primarily due to the amount of previously deferred precontract costs based on contract awards or funding, which had an impact of $69 million, with the remaining change spread across numerous programs with no individual or common significant driver. In the first

38

quarter of 2016, we eliminated intra-segment charging between SAS product lines for work performed on other SAS product lines’ contracts. First six months of 2015 operating expense amounts have been retroactively reclassified to reflect these changes resulting in a $61 million and $127 million increase in other cost of sales and other operating expenses and labor costs, respectively, and a corresponding $188 million decrease in materials and subcontractors costs.

Operating Income and Margin—The increase in operating income of $8 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was due to a net change in EAC adjustments of $27 million and an increase in volume of $19 million, partially offset by a change in mix and other performance of $38 million. The net change in EAC adjustments was principally driven by labor and material production efficiencies on international tactical radar systems programs and improved performance on protected communication systems programs in the second quarter of 2016. The increase in volume was principally driven by the classified programs described above in Total Net Sales. The change in mix and other performance was primarily driven by activity on a tactical radar systems program and on an international classified program awarded in the first quarter of 2016, and an $11 million gain on a real estate transaction in the second quarter of 2015. The decrease in operating margin in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to the change in mix and other performance, partially offset by the net change in EAC adjustments.

Operating income in the first six months of 2016 was relatively consistent with the first six months of 2015. The change in mix and other performance of $73 million was primarily driven by activity on a tactical radar systems program and on an international classified program awarded in the first quarter of 2016, and an $11 million gain on a real estate transaction in the second quarter of 2015. The net change in EAC adjustments of $38 million was primarily driven by labor and material production efficiencies on international tactical radar systems programs. The increase in volume of $34 million was principally driven by the classified programs described above in Total Net Sales. The decrease in operating margin in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to the change in mix and other performance, partially offset by the net change in EAC adjustments.

Backlog and Bookings—Backlog was $7,877 million at July 3, 2016 compared to $6,309 million at December 31, 2015. The increase in backlog of $1,568 million or 25% at July 3, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015 was primarily due to bookings in excess of sales in the first six months of 2016, principally within our Electronic Warfare Systems, Space Systems and Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Systems product lines. Bookings increased by $977 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015. In the second quarter of 2016, SAS booked $992 million on the Next Generation Jammer (NGJ) program for the U.S. Navy and $90 million on the next-generation Multi-Spectral Targeting System (MTS) for the U.S. Air Force. SAS also booked $424 million on a number of classified contracts. In the second quarter of 2015, SAS booked $153 million on a multimission radar program for the U.S. Navy and an international customer, $99 million on an Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar Performance Based Logistics (PBL) contract for an international customer, and $82 million to provide communication subsystems for the U.S. Navy and an international customer. SAS also booked $250 million on a number of classified contracts.

Bookings increased by $2,548 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015. In addition to the bookings noted above, in the first six months of 2016, SAS booked over $650 million on an international classified program, $553 million on the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) program for NASA, and $470 million on a number of domestic classified contracts. In addition to the bookings noted above, in the first six months of 2015, SAS booked $210 million on a number of classified contracts.


39

Forcepoint
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except percentages)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
Total net sales
 
$
138

 
$
57

 
NM
 
$
274

 
$
81

 
NM
Total operating expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales
 
27

 
11

 
NM
 
51

 
17

 
NM
Selling and marketing
 
52

 
19

 
NM
 
100

 
24

 
NM
Research and development
 
32

 
21

 
NM
 
64

 
31

 
NM
General and administrative
 
20

 
7

 
NM
 
38

 
10

 
NM
Total operating expenses
 
131

 
58

 
NM
 
253

 
82

 
NM
Operating income (loss)
 
$
7

 
$
(1
)
 
NM
 
$
21

 
$
(1
)
 
NM
Operating margin
 
5.1
%
 
(1.8
)%
 
 
 
7.7
%
 
(1.2
)%
 
 
NM = Not meaningful
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except percentages)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
% Change
Bookings
 
$
123

 
$
49

 
NM
 
$
220

 
$
68

 
NM
NM = Not meaningful
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Total Net Sales—The increase in total net sales of $81 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to $79 million of higher sales resulting from the acquisitions of Websense in the second quarter of 2015 and Stonesoft in the first quarter of 2016. Total net sales excluded the unfavorable impact related to the deferred revenue acquisition accounting adjustments described below in Acquisition Accounting Adjustments.

The increase in total net sales of $193 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to $184 million of higher sales resulting from the acquisitions of Websense in the second quarter of 2015 and Stonesoft in the first quarter of 2016. Total net sales excluded the unfavorable impact related to the deferred revenue acquisition accounting adjustments described below in Acquisition Accounting Adjustments.

Total Operating Expenses—We disclose our operating expenses for Forcepoint, which excludes amortization of acquired intangible assets, in terms of the following:
•
Cost of sales—labor and overhead costs associated with analytic and technical support services; infrastructure costs associated with maintaining our databases; and labor, materials and overhead costs associated with providing our product offerings.
•
Selling and marketing—labor costs related to personnel engaged in selling and marketing and customer support functions; costs related to public relations, advertising, promotions and travel; and related overhead costs.
•
Research and development—labor costs for the development and management of new and existing products, and related overhead costs.
•
General and administrative expenses—labor costs for our executive, finance and administrative personnel; third party professional service fees; and related overhead costs.

Total operating expenses in the second quarter of 2016 increased $73 million compared to the second quarter of 2015. The increase in all of the categories of total operating expenses was primarily due to the acquisition of Websense in the second quarter of 2015. Total operating expenses excluded amortization of acquired intangible assets as described below in Acquisition Accounting Adjustments.

Total operating expenses in the first six months of 2016 increased $171 million compared to the first six months of 2015. The increase in all of the categories of total operating expenses was primarily due to the acquisition of Websense in the second quarter of 2015. Total operating expenses excluded amortization of acquired intangible assets as described below in Acquisition Accounting Adjustments.

Operating Income and Margin—The increase in operating income of $8 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to the acquisition of Websense. Operating income excludes the acquisition accounting adjustments described below in Acquisition Accounting Adjustments. The increase in operating margin in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to the acquisition of Websense.

40

The increase in operating income of $22 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to the acquisition of Websense. Operating income excludes the acquisition accounting adjustments described below in Acquisition Accounting Adjustments. The increase in operating margin in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to the acquisition of Websense.

Backlog and Bookings—Backlog was $471 million at July 3, 2016 compared to $479 million at December 31, 2015. Bookings increased by $74 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 primarily due to the acquisitions of Websense and Stonesoft.

Bookings increased by $152 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 primarily due to the acquisitions of Websense and Stonesoft.

Acquisition Accounting Adjustments
Acquisition Accounting Adjustments include the adjustments to record acquired deferred revenue at fair value as part of our purchase price allocation process ("deferred revenue adjustment") and the amortization of acquired intangible assets related to historical acquisitions. These adjustments are not considered part of management's evaluation of segment results.
The components of Acquisition Accounting Adjustments were as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Deferred revenue adjustment
 
$
(21
)
 
$
(10
)
 
$
(47
)
 
$
(10
)
Amortization of acquired intangibles
 
(30
)
 
(22
)
 
(62
)
 
(36
)
Total Acquisition Accounting Adjustments
 
$
(51
)
 
$
(32
)
 
$
(109
)
 
$
(46
)

The deferred revenue adjustment for the second quarters and first six months of 2016 and 2015 all relates to the Forcepoint segment.

Amortization of acquired intangibles by segment was as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Integrated Defense Systems
 
$
—

 
$
1

 
$
—

 
$
1

Intelligence, Information and Services
 
4

 
3

 
9

 
6

Missile Systems
 
1

 
1

 
1

 
1

Space and Airborne Systems
 
4

 
9

 
9

 
18

Forcepoint
 
21

 
8

 
43

 
10

Total
 
$
30

 
$
22

 
$
62

 
$
36


The change in our Acquisition Accounting Adjustments of $19 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was due to an $11 million increase in the deferred revenue adjustment, principally driven by the acquisition of Stonesoft in the first quarter of 2016 and an $8 million increase in the intangibles amortization adjustment, principally driven by the acquisition of Websense in the second quarter of 2015.

The change in our Acquisition Accounting Adjustments of $63 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was due to a $37 million increase in the deferred revenue adjustment and a $26 million increase in the intangibles amortization adjustment, both principally driven by the acquisition of Websense in the second quarter of 2015.

FAS/CAS Adjustment
The FAS/CAS Adjustment represents the difference between our pension and other postretirement benefit (PRB) expense or income under Financial Accounting Standards (FAS) requirements under U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and our pension and PRB expense under U.S. government Cost Accounting Standards (CAS). The results of each segment only include pension and PRB expense under CAS that we generally recover through the pricing of our products and services to the U.S. government.


41

The components of the FAS/CAS Adjustment were as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
FAS/CAS Adjustment Income (Expense) (in millions)

 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
FAS/CAS Pension Adjustment
 
$
108

 
$
48

 
$
213

 
$
96

FAS/CAS PRB Adjustment
 
1

 
1

 
1

 
2

FAS/CAS Adjustment
 
$
109

 
$
49

 
$
214

 
$
98

The components of the FAS/CAS Pension Adjustment were as follows: 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
FAS (expense)
 
$
(262
)
 
$
(292
)
 
$
(527
)
 
$
(583
)
CAS expense
 
370

 
340

 
740

 
679

FAS/CAS Pension Adjustment
 
$
108

 
$
48

 
$
213

 
$
96


The change in our FAS/CAS Pension Adjustment of $60 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was driven by a $30 million increase in our CAS expense and a $30 million decrease in our FAS expense. The change in our FAS/CAS Pension Adjustment of $117 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was driven by a $61 million increase in our CAS expense and a $56 million decrease in our FAS expense. The increase in our CAS expense in the second quarter and first six months of 2016 was primarily due to the CAS Harmonization phased transition to the use of a discount rate based on high quality corporate bonds, consistent with the Pension Protection Act of 2006, to measure liabilities in determining the CAS pension expense. The change in the discount rate used to measure liabilities for purposes of determining CAS pension expense has been included in our contracts through our overhead forward pricing rates. The decrease in our FAS expense in the second quarter and first six months of 2016 was primarily due to the higher discount rate at December 31, 2015 compared to the discount rate at December 31, 2014.

Corporate
Corporate operating income consists of unallocated costs and certain other corporate costs not considered part of management’s evaluation of reportable segment operating performance.

Operating income related to Corporate was as follows: 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Corporate
 
$
4

 
$
(35
)
 
$
(24
)
 
$
(64
)

The change in operating income related to Corporate of $39 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to $23 million of Websense acquisition and integration related expenses in the second quarter of 2015.

The change in operating income related to Corporate of $40 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to $25 million of Websense acquisition and integration related expenses in the first six months of 2015.

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY

Overview
We pursue a capital deployment strategy that balances funding for growing our business, including capital expenditures, acquisitions and research and development; prudently managing our balance sheet, including debt repayments and pension contributions; and returning cash to our shareholders, including dividend payments and share repurchases, as outlined below. Our need for, cost of and access to funds are dependent on future operating results, as well as other external conditions. We currently expect that cash and cash equivalents, available-for-sale securities, cash flow from operations and other available financing resources will be sufficient to meet anticipated operating, capital expenditure, investment, debt service and other financing requirements during the next twelve months and for the foreseeable future.

42

In addition, the following table highlights selected measures of our liquidity and capital resources at July 3, 2016 and December
31, 2015:
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Dec 31, 2015
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
2,016

 
$
2,328

Short-term investments
 
703

 
872

Working capital
 
3,836

 
3,686

Amount available under credit facilities
 
1,250

 
1,250


Operating Activities
 
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from continuing operations
 
$
1,071

 
$
431

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
 
1,071

 
432


The increase in net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations of $640 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015, was primarily due to a decrease in tax payments and pension contributions in the first six months of 2016 as discussed below, as well as the timing of vendor payments, partially offset by the eBorders settlement payment received in the second quarter of 2015.

Pension Plan Contributions—We made the following contributions to our pension and PRB plans during the first six months of 2016 and 2015: 
 
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Required pension contributions
 
$
79

 
$
170

PRB contributions
 
10

 
10


Tax Payments and Refunds—We made the following net tax payments during the first six months of 2016 and 2015:
 
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Federal
 
$
165

 
$
488

Foreign
 
27

 
12

State
 
18

 
32


We expect full-year net federal, foreign and state tax payments to be approximately $794 million in 2016.

Interest Payments—We made interest payments on our outstanding debt of $116 million in both the first six months of 2016 and 2015.

Investing Activities
 
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
 
$
(186
)
 
$
(1,222
)

The change in net cash provided by (used in) investing activities of $1,036 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to the acquisition of Websense, partially offset by our short-term investments activity, both of which are described below.


43

Additions to Property, Plant and Equipment and Capitalized Internal Use Software—Additions to property, plant and equipment and capitalized internal use software were as follows:
 
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Additions to property, plant and equipment
 
$
237

 
$
143

Additions to capitalized internal use software
 
26

 
26


We expect our property, plant and equipment and internal use software expenditures to be between approximately $465–$525 million and $75–$95 million, respectively, in 2016, consistent with the anticipated needs of our business and for specific investments including capital assets and facility improvements.

Short-term Investments Activity—We invest in marketable securities in accordance with our short-term investment policy and cash management strategy. These marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and are recorded at fair value as short-term investments in our consolidated balance sheets. Activity related to short-term investments was as follows: 
 
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Purchases of short-term investments
 
$
(472
)
 
$
(148
)
Sales of short-term investments
 
—

 
209

Maturities of short-term investments
 
599

 
774


Acquisitions—In pursuing our business strategies, we acquire and make investments in certain businesses that meet strategic and financial criteria. Payments for purchases of acquired companies, net of cash acquired, were as follows:
 
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Payments for purchases of acquired companies, net of cash acquired
 
$
(57
)
 
$
(1,892
)

The decrease of $1,835 million in payments for purchases of acquired companies, net of cash acquired, was due to the acquisition of Websense in May 2015 from Vista Equity Partners for approximately $1.9 billion, partially offset by Forcepoint's acquisition of the Stonesoft next-generation firewall (NGFW) business, including the Sidewinder proxy firewall technology, in January 2016.

Financing Activities
 
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
 
$
(1,197
)
 
$
(604
)

We have used cash provided by operating activities and proceeds from the issuance of new debt as our primary source for the repayment of debt, payment of dividends, pension contributions and the repurchase of our common stock. The change in net cash used in financing activities of $593 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to the sale of noncontrolling interest in Forcepoint in the second quarter of 2015 and our share repurchases, both of which are described below, as well as the $90 million net cash payment that we made to Thales S.A. in the second quarter of 2016 related to our acquisition of Thales S.A.'s noncontrolling interest in RCCS LLC and the sale of our equity method investment in TRS SAS as described in MD&A Overview on page 23.

Share Repurchases—From time to time, our Board of Directors authorizes the repurchase of shares of our common stock. In November 2013, our Board authorized the repurchase of up to $2.0 billion. Our Board also authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $2.0 billion of our outstanding common stock in November 2015. At July 3, 2016, we had approximately $1.9 billion available under the 2015 repurchase program. Share repurchases will take place from time to time at management’s discretion depending on market conditions.

Share repurchases also include shares surrendered by employees to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with restricted stock awards (RSAs), restricted stock units (RSUs), stock options and Long-term Performance Plan (LTPP) awards issued to employees.


44

Our share repurchases were as follows:
 
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
 
 
$
Shares

 
$
Shares

Shares repurchased under our share repurchase programs
 
$
602

4.8

 
$
500

4.6

Shares repurchased to satisfy tax withholding obligations
 
92

0.7

 
96

0.9

Total share repurchases
 
$
694

5.5

 
$
596

5.5


Cash Dividends—Our Board of Directors authorized the following cash dividends:
 
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except per share amounts)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Jun 28, 2015
Cash dividends declared per share
 
$
1.465

 
$
1.34

Total dividends paid
 
419

 
391

In March 2016, our Board of Directors authorized a 9.3% increase to our annual dividend payout rate from $2.68 to $2.93 per share. Dividends are subject to quarterly approval by our Board of Directors.
Sale of Noncontrolling Interest in Forcepoint—In connection with the Websense acquisition in the second quarter of 2015, we combined Websense with Raytheon Cyber Products to form Forcepoint, and then sold 19.7% of the equity interest in Forcepoint to Vista Equity Partners for $343 million.

CAPITAL RESOURCES
Total debt was $5.3 billion at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015. Our outstanding debt bears contractual interest at fixed interest rates ranging from 2.5% to 7.2% and matures at various dates from 2018 through 2044.

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments—Cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were $2.7 billion and $3.2 billion at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. We may invest in U.S. Treasuries; AAA/Aaa rated money market funds; certificates of deposit, time deposits and commercial paper of banks with a minimum long-term debt rating of A or A2 and minimum short-term debt rating of A-1 and P-1; and commercial paper of corporations with a minimum long-term debt rating of A- or A3 and minimum short-term debt rating of A-2 and P-2. Cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments balances held at our foreign subsidiaries were approximately $666 million and $1,040 million at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. Earnings from our foreign subsidiaries are currently deemed to be indefinitely reinvested. We do not expect such reinvestment to affect our liquidity and capital resources, and we continuously evaluate our liquidity needs and ability to meet global cash requirements as a part of our overall capital deployment strategy. Factors that affect our global capital deployment strategy include anticipated cash flows, the ability to repatriate cash in a tax efficient manner, funding requirements for operations and investment activities, acquisitions and divestitures, and capital market conditions.

Credit Facilities—In November 2015, we entered into a $1.25 billion revolving credit facility maturing in November 2020 and terminated the previous $1.4 billion credit facility entered into in December 2011. Under the $1.25 billion credit facility, we can borrow, issue letters of credit and backstop commercial paper. Borrowings under this facility bear interest at various rate options, including LIBOR plus a margin based on our credit ratings. Based on our credit ratings at July 3, 2016, borrowings would generally bear interest at LIBOR plus 80.5 basis points. The credit facility is composed of commitments from 20 separate highly rated lenders, each committing no more than 10% of the facility. As of July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015 there were no borrowings outstanding under the $1.25 billion credit facility. We had no outstanding letters of credit at July 3, 2016 or December 31, 2015.

Under the $1.25 billion credit facility we must comply with certain covenants, including a ratio of total debt to total capitalization of no more than 60%. We were in compliance with the credit facility covenants during the six months ended July 3, 2016 and full-year 2015. Our ratio of total debt to total capitalization, as those terms are defined in the credit facility, was 34.1% at July 3, 2016. We are providing this ratio as this metric is used by our lenders to monitor our leverage and is also a threshold that could limit our ability to utilize this facility.


45

Credit Ratings—Three major corporate debt rating organizations, Fitch Ratings (Fitch), Moody's Investors Service (Moody's) and Standard & Poor’s (S&P), assign ratings to our short-term and long-term debt. The following chart reflects the current ratings assigned by each of these agencies as of July 3, 2016 to our short-term and long-term senior unsecured debt:
 
 
Short-Term
 
Long-Term Senior Debt
 
 
Rating Agency
 
Debt Rating
 
Rating
 
Outlook
 
Date of Last Action
Fitch
 
F2
 
A -
 
Stable
 
September 2008
Moody’s
 
P-2
 
A3
 
Stable
 
October 2011
S&P
 
A-1
 
A
 
Stable
 
May 2014

Shelf Registrations—We have an effective shelf registration with the SEC, filed in June 2016, which covers the registration of debt securities, common stock, preferred stock and warrants.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Environmental Matters—We are involved in various stages of investigation and cleanup related to remediation of various environmental sites. Our estimate of the liability of total environmental remediation costs includes the use of a discount rate and takes into account that a portion of these costs is eligible for future recovery through the pricing of our products and services to the U.S. government. We consider such recovery probable based on government contracting regulations and our long history of receiving reimbursement for such costs, and accordingly have recorded the estimated future recovery of these costs from the U.S. government within contracts in process, net, in our consolidated balance sheets. Our estimates regarding remediation costs to be incurred were as follows:  
(In millions, except percentages)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Dec 31, 2015
Total remediation costs—undiscounted
 
$
219

 
$
224

Weighted average discount rate
 
5.2
%
 
5.2
%
Total remediation costs—discounted
 
$
151

 
$
149

Recoverable portion
 
95

 
94


We also lease certain government-owned properties and generally are not liable for remediation of preexisting environmental contamination at these sites. As a result, we generally do not provide for these costs in our consolidated financial statements.

Due to the complexity of environmental laws and regulations, the varying costs and effectiveness of alternative cleanup methods and technologies, the uncertainty of insurance coverage and the unresolved extent of our responsibility, it is difficult to determine the ultimate outcome of environmental matters. However, we do not expect any additional liability to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

Financing Arrangements and Other—We issue guarantees, and banks and surety companies issue, on our behalf, letters of credit and surety bonds to meet various bid, performance, warranty, retention and advance payment obligations of us or our affiliates. These instruments expire on various dates through 2024. Additional guarantees of project performance for which there is no stated value also remain outstanding. The stated values outstanding consisted of the following:
(In millions)
 
Jul 3, 2016
 
Dec 31, 2015
Guarantees
 
$
199

 
$
213

Letters of credit
 
2,567

 
2,242

Surety bonds
 
255

 
264


Included in guarantees and letters of credit described above were $189 million and $47 million, respectively, at July 3, 2016, and $203 million and $187 million, respectively, at December 31, 2015, related to our joint venture in TRS. The joint venture agreement for the TRS joint venture was amended and restated in the second quarter of 2016, as described in MD&A Overview on page 23, reducing the scope of the joint venture to TRS AMDC2 only. We provide these guarantees and letters of credit to TRS AMDC2 and other affiliates to assist these entities in obtaining financing on more favorable terms, making bids on contracts and performing their contractual obligations. While we expect these entities to satisfy their loans and meet their project performance and other contractual obligations, their failure to do so may result in a future obligation to us. We periodically evaluate the risk of TRS AMDC2 and other affiliates failing to meet their obligations described above. At July 3, 2016, we believe the risk that TRS AMDC2 and other affiliates will not be able to meet their obligations is minimal for the foreseeable future based on their current financial condition. All obligations were current at July 3, 2016. We had an estimated liability of $4 million and $8 million, respectively, at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015 related to these guarantees and letters of credit.

46

The joint venture agreement between Raytheon and Vista Equity Partners relating to Forcepoint provides Vista Equity Partners with certain rights to require Forcepoint to pursue an initial public offering at any time after four years and three months following the closing date of May 29, 2015, or pursue a sale of the company at any time after five years following the closing date. In either of these events, Raytheon has the option to purchase all (but not less than all) of Vista Equity Partners’ interest in Forcepoint for cash at a price equal to fair value as determined under the joint venture agreement. Additionally, Vista Equity Partners has the ability to liquidate its ownership through a put option any time after two years following the closing date. In the event of a put option, Vista Equity Partners could require Raytheon to purchase all (but not less than all) of Vista Equity Partners’ interest in Forcepoint for cash at a price equal to fair value as determined under the joint venture agreement. Lastly, at any time after three years following the closing date, Raytheon has the option to purchase all (but not less than all) of Vista Equity Partners’ interest in Forcepoint at a price equal to fair value as determined under the joint venture agreement.
We have entered into industrial cooperation agreements, sometimes referred to as offset agreements, as a condition to obtaining orders for our products and services from certain customers in foreign countries. At July 3, 2016, the aggregate amount of our offset agreements had an outstanding notional value of approximately $6.0 billion. These agreements are designed to return economic value to the foreign country by requiring us to engage in activities supporting local defense or commercial industries, promoting a balance of trade, developing in-country technology capabilities or addressing other local development priorities. Offset agreements may be satisfied through activities that do not require a direct cash payment, including transferring technology, providing manufacturing, training and other consulting support to in-country projects, and the purchase by third parties (e.g., our vendors) of supplies from in-country vendors. These agreements may also be satisfied through our use of cash for activities such as subcontracting with local partners, purchasing supplies from in-country vendors, providing financial support for in-country projects and making investments in local ventures. Such activities may also vary by country depending upon requirements as dictated by their governments. We typically do not commit to offset agreements until orders for our products or services are definitive. The amounts ultimately applied against our offset agreements are based on negotiations with the customers and typically require cash outlays that represent only a fraction of the notional value in the offset agreements. Offset programs usually extend over several or more years and may provide for penalties in the event we fail to perform in accordance with offset requirements. We have historically not been required to pay any such penalties.
 
As a U.S. government contractor, we are subject to many levels of audit and investigation by the U.S. government relating to our contract performance and compliance with applicable rules and regulations. Agencies that oversee contract performance include: the Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA); the Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA); the Inspectors General of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and other departments and agencies; the Government Accountability Office; the Department of Justice (DoJ); and Congressional Committees. From time to time, these and other agencies investigate or conduct audits to determine whether our operations are being conducted in accordance with applicable requirements. Such investigations and audits could result in administrative, civil or criminal liabilities, including repayments, fines or penalties being imposed upon us, the suspension of government export licenses or the suspension or debarment from future U.S. government contracting. U.S. government investigations often take years to complete and many result in no adverse action against us. Our final allowable incurred costs for each year are also subject to audit and have, from time to time, resulted in disputes between us and the U.S. government, with litigation resulting at the Court of Federal Claims (COFC) or the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals (ASBCA) or their related courts of appeals. In addition, the DoJ has, from time to time, convened grand juries to investigate possible irregularities by us. We also provide products and services to customers outside of the U.S., and those sales are subject to local government laws, regulations and procurement policies and practices. Our compliance with such local government regulations or any applicable U.S. government regulations (e.g., the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) and International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)) may also be investigated or audited. Other than as specifically disclosed herein, we do not expect these audits, investigations or disputes to have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity, either individually or in the aggregate.

On June 23, 2016, the U.K. held a referendum in which British citizens approved an exit from the European Union (EU), commonly referred to as “Brexit.” As a result of the referendum, the global markets and currencies have been adversely impacted, including a decline in the value of the British pound as compared to the U.S. dollar. Volatility in exchange rates is expected to continue in the short term as the U.K. negotiates its exit from the EU. The British pound is the functional currency for approximately 2% of our sales. In addition, for any contracts that are not denominated in the same currency as the functional currency (for example, contracts denominated in British pounds where the functional currency is the U.S. dollar), we enter into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge our risk related to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. As a result, we currently do not expect the U.K.’s exit from the EU to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

In addition, various other claims and legal proceedings generally incidental to the normal course of business are pending or threatened against, or initiated by, us. We do not expect any of these proceedings to result in any additional liability or gains that would materially affect our financial position, results of operations or liquidity. In connection with certain of our legal matters,

47

we may be entitled to insurance recovery for qualified legal costs. We do not expect any insurance recovery to have a material impact on the financial exposure that could result from these matters.

Accounting Standards
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which will replace numerous requirements in U.S. GAAP, including industry-specific requirements, and provide companies with a single revenue recognition model for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers. The core principle of the new standard is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The two permitted transition methods under the new standard are the full retrospective method, in which case the standard would be applied to each prior reporting period presented and the cumulative effect of applying the standard would be recognized at the earliest period shown, or the modified retrospective method, in which case the cumulative effect of applying the standard would be recognized at the date of initial application. In July 2015, the FASB approved the deferral of the new standard's effective date by one year. The new standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The FASB will permit companies to adopt the new standard early, but not before the original effective date of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016.

In 2014, we established a cross-functional implementation team consisting of representatives from across all of our business segments. We utilized a bottoms-up approach to analyze the impact of the standard on our contract portfolio by reviewing our current accounting policies and practices to identify potential differences that would result from applying the requirements of the new standard to our revenue contracts. In addition, we identified, and are in the process of implementing, appropriate changes to our business processes, systems and controls to support recognition and disclosure under the new standard. The implementation team has reported the findings and progress of the project to management and the Audit Committee on a frequent basis over the last two years.
We have been closely monitoring FASB activity related to the new standard, as well as working with various non-authoritative groups to conclude on specific interpretative issues. In the second quarter of 2016, we made progress toward completing our evaluation of the potential changes from adopting the new standard on our future financial reporting and disclosures. Our progress was aided by the FASB issuing ASU 2016-10, Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, which amended the current guidance on performance obligations and provided additional clarity on this topic, and the significant progress of the non-authoritative groups in concluding on specific interpretative issues. We also made significant progress on our contract reviews and detailed policy drafting in the second quarter of 2016. Based on our evaluation, we expect to early adopt the requirements of the new standard in the first quarter of 2017 and anticipate using the full retrospective transition method.
The impact of adopting the new standard on our 2015 and 2016 total net sales and operating income is not expected to be material. We also do not expect a material impact to our consolidated balance sheet. The immaterial impact of adopting ASU 2014-09 primarily relates to the deferral of commissions on our commercial software arrangements, which previously were expensed as incurred but under the new standard will generally be capitalized and amortized over the period of contract performance, and policy changes related to the recognition of revenue and costs on our defense contracts to better align our policies with the new standard. The impact to our results is not material because the analysis of our contracts under the new revenue recognition standard supports the recognition of revenue over time under the cost-to-cost method for the majority of our contracts, which is consistent with our current revenue recognition model. Revenue on the majority of our contracts will continue to be recognized over time because of the continuous transfer of control to the customer. For U.S. government contracts, this continuous transfer of control to the customer is supported by clauses in the contract that allow the customer to unilaterally terminate the contract for convenience, pay us for costs incurred plus a reasonable profit, and take control of any work in process. Similarly, for non-U.S. government contracts, the customer typically controls the work in process as evidenced either by contractual termination clauses or by our rights to payment for work performed to date to deliver products or services that do not have an alternative use to the company. Under the new standard, the cost-to-cost measure of progress continues to best depict the transfer of control of assets to the customer, which occurs as we incur costs. In addition, the number of our performance obligations under the new standard is not materially different from our contract segments under the existing standard. Lastly, the accounting for the estimate of variable amounts is not expected to be materially different compared to our current practice.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which amends the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions to require recognition of the tax effects resulting from the settlement of stock-based awards as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement in the reporting period in which they occur. In addition, the ASU requires that all tax-related cash flows resulting from share-based payments, including the excess tax benefits related to the settlement of stock-based awards, be classified as cash flows from operating activities in the statement of cash flows. The ASU also requires that cash paid by directly withholding shares for tax withholding purposes be classified as a financing activity in the statement of cash flows. In addition, the ASU allows companies

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to make an accounting policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest, consistent with current U.S. GAAP, or account for forfeitures when they occur. The new standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 with early adoption permitted. We elected to early adopt the requirements of the amended standard in the first quarter of 2016. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, we adopted the amendment requiring recognition of excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies in the income statement prospectively beginning in the first quarter of 2016, which could result in fluctuations in our effective tax rate period over period depending on how many awards vest in a quarter as well as the volatility of our stock price. In addition, we elected to adopt the amendment related to the presentation of excess tax benefits within operating activities on the statement of cash flows prospectively beginning in the first quarter of 2016. We had previously classified cash paid for tax withholding purposes as a financing activity in the statement of cash flows, therefore there is no change related to this requirement. Furthermore, we elected to change our accounting policy to account for forfeitures when they occur for consistency with our government recovery accounting practices on a modified retrospective basis.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for most lease arrangements. The new standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the potential changes from this ASU to our future financial reporting and disclosures. We expect the standard to have a material impact on our assets and liabilities for the addition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, but we do not expect it to have a material impact to our results of operations or liquidity.

Other new pronouncements issued but not effective until after July 3, 2016 are not expected to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our primary market exposures are to interest rates and foreign exchange rates.
 
We generally supplement our working capital requirements with a combination of variable-rate short-term and fixed-rate long-term financing. We enter into foreign currency forward contracts with commercial banks to fix the foreign currency exchange rates on specific commitments and payments to vendors and customer receipts. We may enter into interest rate swap agreements with commercial and investment banks to manage interest rates associated with our financing arrangements. The market-risk sensitive instruments we use for hedging are entered into with commercial and investment banks and are directly related to a particular asset, liability or transaction for which a firm commitment is in place.

The following tables provide information as of July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015 about our market risk exposure associated with changing interest rates. For long-term debt obligations, the table presents principal cash flows by maturity date and average interest rates related to outstanding obligations. There were no interest rate swaps outstanding at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Principal payments and interest rate detail for long-term debt by contractual maturity dates as of July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, were as follows: 
(In millions, except percentages)
 
2016

 
2017

 
2018

 
2019

 
2020

 
Thereafter

 
Total

 
Fair Value

Fixed-rate debt
 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
591

 
$
—

 
$
1,500

 
$
3,292

 
$
5,383

 
$
6,168

Average interest rate
 
—

 
—

 
6.549
%
 
—

 
3.550
%
 
4.229
%
 
4.295
%
 
 

(In millions, except percentages)
 
2016

 
2017

 
2018

 
2019

 
2020

 
Thereafter

 
Total

 
Fair Value

Fixed-rate debt
 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
591

 
$
—

 
$
1,500

 
$
3,292

 
$
5,383

 
$
5,826

Average interest rate
 
—

 
—

 
6.549
%
 
—

 
3.550
%
 
4.229
%
 
4.295
%
 
 

In addition, the aggregate notional amount of the outstanding foreign currency forward contracts was $1,666 million and $1,076 million at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The net notional exposure of these contracts was approximately $261 million and $117 million at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

For foreign currency forward contracts designated and qualifying for hedge accounting, we record the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, and reclassify it into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged revenue or cost of sales transaction affects earnings. Unrealized gains of $38 million and $9

49

million were included in other assets, net, and unrealized losses of $47 million and $29 million were included in other current liabilities at July 3, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Realized gains and losses resulting from these cash flow hedges offset the foreign currency exchange gains and losses on the underlying assets or liabilities being hedged. We believe our exposure due to changes in foreign currency rates is not material due to our hedging policy.

At July 3, 2016, we had short-term investments with a fair value of $703 million, which are classified as available-for-sale and consist of highly rated bank certificates of deposit with a minimum long-term debt rating of A or A2 and a minimum short-term debt rating of A-1 and P-1. Our exposure due to changes in interest rates is not material due to the nature and amount of our short-term investments (i.e., high quality certificates of deposit which had an average maturity of five months).

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Management has conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a–15(e) and 15d–15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of July 3, 2016.
Conclusion of Evaluation—Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of July 3, 2016 were effective.
Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls—In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any control, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. Due to the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting—There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the second quarter of 2016 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We primarily engage in providing products and services under contracts with the U.S. government and, to a lesser degree, under direct foreign sales contracts, some of which the U.S. government funds. As a U.S. government contractor, we are subject to many levels of audit and investigation by the U.S. government relating to our contract performance and compliance with applicable rules and regulations. Agencies that oversee contract performance include: the Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA); the Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA); the Inspectors General of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and other departments and agencies; the Government Accountability Office; the Department of Justice (DoJ); and Congressional Committees. From time to time, these and other agencies investigate or conduct audits to determine whether our operations are being conducted in accordance with applicable requirements. Such investigations and audits could result in administrative, civil or criminal liabilities, including repayments, fines or penalties being imposed upon us, the suspension of government export licenses or the suspension or debarment from future U.S. government contracting. U.S. government investigations often take years to complete and many result in no adverse action against us. Our final allowable incurred costs for each year are also subject to audit and have, from time to time, resulted in disputes between us and the U.S. government, with litigation resulting at the Court of Federal Claims (COFC) or the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals (ASBCA) or their related courts of appeals. In addition, the DoJ has, from time to time, convened grand juries to investigate possible irregularities by us. We also provide products and services to customers outside of the U.S., and those sales are subject to local government laws, regulations and procurement policies and practices. Our compliance with such local government regulations or any applicable U.S. government regulations (e.g., the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) and International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)) may also be investigated or audited. Other than as specifically disclosed in this Form 10-Q, we do not expect these audits, investigations or disputes to have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity, either individually or in the aggregate.

In addition, various other claims and legal proceedings generally incidental to the normal course of business are pending or threatened against us. We do not expect these proceedings to result in any additional liability that would materially affect our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.


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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
You should carefully review and consider the information regarding certain factors which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results set forth under Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. There have been no material changes from the factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, although we may disclose changes to such factors or disclose additional factors from time to time in our future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 
Period
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased (1)

 
Average
Price Paid
per Share

 
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plan

 
Approximate Dollar
Value (in billions)
of Shares that
May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plan (2)

April (April 4, 2016 - May 1, 2016)
—

 
$
—

 
—

 
$
2.1

May (May 2, 2016 - May 29, 2016)
647,519

 
128.10

 
647,267

 
2.0

June (May 30, 2016 - July 3, 2016)
1,304,946

 
131.50

 
903,269

 
1.9

Total
1,952,465

 
$
130.37

 
1,550,536

 
 
(1)
Includes shares purchased related to activity under our stock plans. Such activity during the second quarter of 2016 includes the surrender by employees of 401,929 shares to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted stock issued to employees.
(2)
In November 2013, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $2.0 billion of our outstanding common stock. Additionally, in November 2015, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $2.0 billion of our outstanding common stock.


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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
The following list of exhibits includes exhibits submitted with this Form 10-Q as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and those incorporated by reference to other filings.
 
15
 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Awareness Letter.*
 
 
31.1
 
Certification of Thomas A. Kennedy pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
 
 
31.2
 
Certification of Anthony F. O'Brien pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
 
 
32.1
 
Certification of Thomas A. Kennedy pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.**
 
 
32.2
 
Certification of Anthony F. O'Brien pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.**
 
 
101
 
The following materials from Raytheon Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 3, 2016, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Equity, (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.*
 
*
filed electronically herewith
**
furnished electronically herewith, and not filed

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
RAYTHEON COMPANY
 
 
By:
/s/ Michael J. Wood
 
Michael J. Wood
 
Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer
 
Principal Accounting Officer
July 28, 2016


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