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Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policy)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

eMagin Corporation (the “Company”) designs, develops, manufactures and markets Active Matrix OLED (organic light emitting diode) -on-silicon microdisplays used in military and commercial AR/VR devices and other near-eye imaging products which utilize OLED microdisplays. The Company’s products are sold mainly in North America, Asia, and Europe.

Basis of Presentation

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements of eMagin Corporation and its subsidiary reflect all adjustments, including normal recurring accruals, necessary for a fair presentation. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain information and footnote disclosure normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted pursuant to instructions, rules and regulations prescribed by the SEC. These unaudited consolidated financial statements, and related disclosures, should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. The results of operations for the periods ended September 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. The consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2019 are derived from audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Use of Estimates

Use of estimates

In accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), management utilizes certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates and judgments related to, among others, allowance for doubtful accounts, warranty reserves, inventory reserves, stock-based compensation expense, deferred tax asset valuation allowances, litigation and other loss contingencies. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Intangible Assets - Patents

Intangible Assets – Patents

Acquired patents are recorded at purchase price as of the date acquired and amortized over the expected useful life which is generally the remaining life of the patent.

The total intangible amortization expense was $2 thousand and $6 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and $9 thousand and $24 thousand for the comparable 2019 periods, respectively.

Product Warranty

Product warranty

The Company generally offers a one-year product replacement warranty. The standard policy is to repair or replace the defective products. The Company accrues for estimated returns of defective products at the time revenue is recognized based on historical activity as well as for specific known product issues. The determination of these accruals requires the Company to make estimates of the frequency and extent of warranty activity and estimate future costs to replace the products under warranty. If the actual warranty activity and/or repair and replacement costs differ significantly from these estimates, adjustments to cost of revenue may be required in future periods.

The following table provides a summary of the activity related to the Company's warranty liability included in other current liabilities, (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Beginning balance	$	351	$	317	$	300	$	423
Warranty accruals and adjustments		142		152		201		113
Warranty claims		(4)		(88)		(12)		(155)
Ending balance	$	489	$	381	$	489	$	381

Net Loss per Common Share

Basic loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, and excludes any dilutive effects of common stock equivalent shares such as stock options, warrants, and convertible preferred stock. Diluted loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and potentially dilutive common stock equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Common stock equivalent shares are excluded from the computation if their effect is anti-dilutive.

The Company’s Series B Convertible Preferred stock (“Preferred Stock – Series B”) is considered a participating security as the preferred stock participates in dividends with the common stock, which requires the use of the two-class method when computing basic and diluted earnings per share. The Preferred Stock – Series B is not required to absorb any net loss. Although the Company paid a one-time special dividend in 2012, the Company does not expect to pay dividends on its common or preferred stock in the near future.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company reported a net loss and as a result, basic and diluted loss per common share are the same. Therefore, in calculating net loss per share amounts, shares underlying the potentially dilutive common stock equivalents were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per common share because their effect was anti-dilutive.

The following table sets forth the potentially dilutive common stock equivalents for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 that were not included in diluted EPS as their effect would be anti-dilutive:


	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	September 30,		September 30,
	2020	2019	2020	2019
Options	4,872,834	5,416,606	4,872,834	5,416,606
Warrants	15,055,773	19,295,773	15,055,773	19,295,773
Convertible preferred stock	7,545,333	7,545,333	7,545,333	7,545,333
Total potentially dilutive common stock equivalents	27,473,940	32,257,712	27,473,940	32,257,712

Government Funding

The Company accounts for awards received from the U.S. Government for procurement of capital equipment after analysis of the terms of the underlying award contract, and in accordance with contract and equipment purchase milestones and accounting principles for grant accounting. For awards in which the Company will hold title to the underlying equipment, the Company initially records amounts invoiced to the U.S. Government for equipment progress payments on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as Deferred Income – Government Awards – long term and Accounts Receivable. The Company records said progress payments made to capital equipment vendors in Equipment, Furniture and Leasehold improvements. Amounts recorded in Deferred Income – Government Awards – long term will be recognized as Other Income on the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations on a systematic basis as depreciation and other expenses are incurred over the useful life of the capital equipment. There was no government receivable in accounts receivable for the three months ended September 30, 2020 or for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Restricted Cash

The Company accounts for cash received pursuant to U.S. Government funding, that is legally restricted for procurement of capital equipment, as Restricted Cash on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Restricted Cash amounts are received from the U.S. Government in advance of progress payments required for various program related capital equipment purchases and are disbursed by the Company to related equipment vendors.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable, short-term investments and accounts payable are stated at cost, which approximates fair value, due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The asset based lending facility (the “ABL Facility”) is also stated at cost, which approximates fair value because the interest rate is based on a market based rate plus a margin. The PPP loan is presented on the balance sheet, at cost which equals fair market value due to the loan’s short – term maturity, as the current portion of long-term debt, and long-term payables based upon the schedule of repayments and excluding any possible forgiveness of the loans.

We have categorized our assets and liabilities that are valued at fair value on a recurring basis into a three-level fair value hierarchy in accordance with GAAP. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities (Level 1) and lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3).

Assets and liabilities recorded in the balance sheets at fair value are categorized based on a hierarchy of inputs as follows:

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets of identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

The common stock warrant liability is currently the only financial asset or liability recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, and is considered a Level 3 liability. The fair value of the common stock warrant liability is included in current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, as the warrants are currently exercisable.

The following table shows the reconciliation of the Level 3 warrant liability measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, using significant unobservable inputs (in thousands):


	Estimated Fair Value
Balance as of January 1, 2020	$	23
Fair value of warrants issuance during period		-
Change in fair value of warrant liability, net		3,304
Balance as of September 30, 2020	$	3,327

The fair value of the liability for common stock purchase warrants at issuance and at September 30, 2020 was estimated using the Black Scholes option pricing model based on the market value of the underlying common stock at the measurement date. Inputs to the model at September 30, 2020 included remaining contractual terms of the warrants ranging from 1.7 to 2.3 years, at risk-free interest rates of 0.3%, with no expected dividends, and expected volatility of the price of the underlying common stock of 105.9%.

Concentrations

The Company purchases principally all of its silicon wafers, which are a key ingredient in its OLED production process, from two suppliers located in Taiwan and Korea.

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, two customers accounted for 22% and 16% of revenue, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, three customers accounted for 17%, 12%, and 12% of revenue, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, one customer accounted for 12% and no single customer was over 10% of net revenues, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, two customers accounted for 31% and 17%, respectively of the Company’s consolidated accounts receivable balance. As of September 30, 2019, two customers accounted for 12% and 10%, respectively of the Company’s consolidated accounts receivable balance.

Liquidity and Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes that the Company will continue to operate as a going concern and which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company incurred a net loss $7.7 million and used cash in operating activities of $1.7 million. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had $10.3 million of cash, $0.5 million of outstanding indebtedness and borrowing availability of $2.3 million under its ABL Facility. In addition, the Company has $1.96 million outstanding under a PPP Loan, which may be forgiven if the loan is used for eligible expenses and meets PPP criteria for forgiveness.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased economic and demand uncertainty. It is likely that the current outbreak and continued spread of COVID-19 will cause the economic slowdown to continue, and it is possible that it could cause a global recession. There is a significant degree of uncertainty and lack of visibility as to the extent and duration of the current slowdown or any recession. If either were prolonged, demand for the Company’s products will be significantly harmed. The Company has experienced delays in product shipments and is expecting slowing economic conditions may adversely affect its business in the last quarter of 2020 and extending into 2021. Given the significant economic uncertainty and volatility created by the pandemic, it is difficult to predict the nature and extent of the impact on demand for the Company’s products. These expectations are subject to change without warning and investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on them. Unanticipated consequences of the pandemic and resulting economic uncertainty could adversely affect the Company’s liquidity and capital resources in the future as well as its ability to continue as a going concern.

Due to continuing losses, the COVID-19 pandemic, uncertainty regarding the Company’s need or ability to borrow under its ABL Facility, and the expiration of the Company’s At The Market (“ATM”) facility in July 2020 when the remaining amount available under the facility was used, the Company may not be able to meet its financial obligations as they become due without additional financing or sources of capital. Therefore, in accordance with applicable accounting guidance, and based on the Company’s current financial condition and availability of funds, there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern through twelve months from the date these financial statements were issued.

The Company has taken actions to increase revenues and to reduce expenses and is considering financing alternatives. In addition during the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company borrowed $1.96 million under the PPP loan program and raised $9.8 million of funds under its ATM Facility which represented the remaining amount available under the facility. The Company’s plans with regard to these matters include the following actions: 1) focus production and engineering resources on improving manufacturing yields and increasing production volumes, 2) continuing a Work Status Reduction program that began in October 2019 wherein senior management work status was reduced by approximately 20%, 3) reduce headcount and not replace departed employees, subject to PPP loan restrictions, 4) reduce discretionary and other expenses 5) hire a new head of Business Development, and 6) considering additional financing and/or strategic alternatives.

The Company is reassessing its business plans and forecasts over the next two years. Based on its known cash needs as of November 2020, and the anticipated availability of its ABL facility, the Company has developed plans to extend its liquidity to support its working capital requirements through the fourth quarter of 2021. However, there can be no assurance the Company’s plans will be achieved, or that the Company will be able to continue to borrow under its ABL Facility, mitigate the impacts of COVID-19, secure additional financing, and/or pursue strategic alternatives on terms acceptable to the Company, or at all.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

The Company's accounting policies are the same as those described in Note 1 to the Company's consolidated financial statements in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) a guidance that adds, amends, and removes certain disclosure requirements related to fair value measurements. Among other changes, this standard requires certain additional disclosure surrounding Level 3 assets, including changes in unrealized gains or losses in other comprehensive income and certain inputs in those measurements. This new guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. The Company adopted the guidance on January 1, 2020, on a prospective basis and such adoption did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity's Own Equity. This guidance changes how entities account for convertible instruments and contracts in an entity's own equity and simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by removing certain separation models for convertible instruments. This guidance also modifies the guidance on diluted earnings per share calculations. This new guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2023. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on the consolidated financial statements.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740) as part of its initiative to reduce complexity in accounting standards. This standard simplify the accounting for income taxes. This new guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. This standard may be adopted early, while certain additional disclosure requirements in this standard can be adopted on its effective date. In addition, certain changes in the standard require retrospective adoption, while other changes must be adopted prospectively. The Company does not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) and subsequently issued amendments. The guidance affects the Company's accounts receivable, and it requires the measurement of expected credit losses to be based on relevant information from past events, including historical experiences, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect collectability. This new guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022. Based on the composition of the Company's receivables, current market conditions and historical credit loss activity, the Company is still evaluating the impact of this ASU on the consolidated financial statements.