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Note 4 - Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2021
Notes to Financial Statements  
Loans, Notes, Trade and Other Receivables Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 4: Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

 

Categories of loans at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 include:

 

 

June 30,

 

December 31,

 
 

2021

 

2020

 

Real estate - residential mortgage:

      

One to four family units

$109,882,880 $115,799,200 

Multi-family

 89,595,438  90,028,775 

Real estate - construction

 98,843,988  70,847,330 

Real estate - commercial

 358,349,985  305,673,212 

Commercial loans

 130,258,396  144,326,350 

Consumer and other loans

 23,772,893  26,733,546 

Total loans

 810,703,580  753,408,413 

Less:

      

Allowance for loan losses

 (10,525,640) (9,617,024)

Deferred loan fees/costs, net

 (1,411,140) (1,642,118)

Net loans

$798,766,800 $742,149,271 

 

Classes of loans by aging at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:

 

As of June 30, 2021

                            
  

30-59 Days
Past Due

  

60-89 Days
Past Due

  

Greater Than
90 Days

  

Total Past
Due

  

Current

  

Total Loans
Receivable

  

Total Loans >
90 Days and
Accruing

 
  

(In Thousands)

 

Real estate - residential mortgage:

                         

One to four family units

 $-  $119  $1,213  $1,332  $108,551  $109,883  $200 

Multi-family

  -   -   -   -   89,595   89,595   - 

Real estate - construction

  -   65   2,052   2,117   96,727   98,844   - 

Real estate - commercial

  -   149   248   397   357,953   358,350   - 

Commercial loans

  13   -   1,639   1,652   128,606   130,258   - 

Consumer and other loans

  4   -   8   12   23,761   23,773   - 

Total

 $17  $333  $5,160  $5,510  $805,194  $810,704  $200 

 

As of December 31, 2020

                            
  

30-59 Days
Past Due

  

60-89 Days
Past Due

  

Greater Than
90 Days

  

Total Past
Due

  

Current

  

Total Loans
Receivable

  

Total Loans >
90 Days and
Accruing

 
  

(In Thousands)

 

Real estate - residential mortgage:

                         

One to four family units

 $623  $1,058  $1,071  $2,752  $113,047  $115,799  $- 

Multi-family

  -   -   -   -   90,029   90,029   - 

Real estate - construction

  1,239   -   4,189   5,428   65,419   70,847   - 

Real estate - commercial

  264   76   161   501   305,172   305,673   - 

Commercial loans

  6   1   4,784   4,791   139,535   144,326   - 

Consumer and other loans

  10   1   21   32   26,702   26,734   - 

Total

 $2,142  $1,136  $10,226  $13,504  $739,904  $753,408  $- 

 

Nonaccruing loans are summarized as follows:

 

  

June 30,

  

December 31,

 
  

2021

  

2020

 

Real estate - residential mortgage:

        

One to four family units

 $1,503,495  $3,086,159 

Multi-family

  -   - 

Real estate - construction

  2,891,243   6,239,326 

Real estate - commercial

  3,538,482   3,932,241 

Commercial loans

  2,079,678   5,249,782 

Consumer and other loans

  103,537   121,090 

Total

 $10,116,435  $18,628,598 

 

The following tables present the activity in the allowance for loan losses based on portfolio segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020:

 

Three months ended
June 30, 2021

 

Construction

  

Commercial
Real Estate

  

One to four family

  

Multi-family

  

Commercial

  

Consumer
and Other

  

Unallocated

  

Total

 

Allowance for loan losses:

 

(In Thousands)

 

Balance, beginning of period

 $1,374  $3,831  $1,426  $998  $1,257  $394  $608  $9,888 

Provision charged to expense

  278   618   (53)  (31)  1   (6)  (507) $300 

Losses charged off

  -   (1)  (26)  -   -   (29)  -  $(56)

Recoveries

  228   1   -   -   148   17   -  $394 

Balance, end of period

 $1,880  $4,449  $1,347  $967  $1,406  $376  $101  $10,526 

 

 

Six months ended
June 30, 2021

 

Construction

  

Commercial
Real Estate

  

One to four family

  

Multi-family

  

Commercial

  

Consumer
and Other

  

Unallocated

  

Total

 

Allowance for loan losses:

 

(In Thousands)

 

Balance, beginning of period

 $1,132  $3,624  $1,445  $1,058  $1,129  $571  $658  $9,617 

Provision charged to expense

  641   825   (76)  (91)  122   (164)  (557) $700 

Losses charged off

  (121)  (1)  (26)  -   -   (66)  -  $(214)

Recoveries

  228   1   4   -   155   35   -  $423 

Balance, end of period

 $1,880  $4,449  $1,347  $967  $1,406  $376  $101  $10,526 

 

Three months ended
June 30, 2020

 

Construction

  

Commercial
Real Estate

  

One to four family

  

Multi-family

  

Commercial

  

Consumer
and Other

  

Unallocated

  

Total

 

Allowance for loan losses:

 

(In Thousands)

 

Balance, beginning of period

 $1,629  $2,577  $1,154  $755  $1,349  $449  $136  $8,049 

Provision charged to expense

  (60)  421   385   39   (71)  49   (13) $750 

Losses charged off

  -   -   -   -   -   (51)  -  $(51)

Recoveries

  -   -   -   -   21   19   -  $40 

Balance, end of period

 $1,569  $2,998  $1,539  $794  $1,299  $466  $123  $8,788 

 

Six months ended
June 30, 2020

 

Construction

  

Commercial
Real Estate

  

One to four family

  

Multi-family

  

Commercial

  

Consumer
and Other

  

Unallocated

  

Total

 

Allowance for loan losses:

 

(In Thousands)

 

Balance, beginning of period

 $1,749  $2,267  $1,001  $746  $1,129  $443  $273  $7,608 

Provision charged to expense

  (180)  725   537   48   167   103   (150) $1,250 

Losses charged off

  -   -   -   -   (32)  (113)  -  $(145)

Recoveries

  -   6   1   -   35   33   -  $75 

Balance, end of period

 $1,569  $2,998  $1,539  $794  $1,299  $466  $123  $8,788 

 

The following tables present the recorded investment in loans based on portfolio segment and impairment method as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

 

As of June 30, 2021

 

Construction

  

Commercial
Real Estate

  

One to four

family

  

Multi-family

  

Commercial

  

Consumer
and Other

  

Unallocated

  

Total

 

Allowance for loan losses:

 

(In Thousands)

 

Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment

 $203  $90  $53  $-  $64  $16  $-  $426 

Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment

 $1,677  $4,359  $1,294  $967  $1,342  $360  $101  $10,100 

Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality

 $-  $-  $-  $-  $-  $-  $-  $- 

Loans:

                                

Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment

 $2,891  $1,529  $1,485  $-  $1,958  $192  $-  $8,055 

Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment

 $95,953  $354,536  $108,398  $89,595  $128,189  $23,581  $-  $800,253 

Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality

 $-  $2,285  $-  $-  $111  $-  $-  $2,396 

 

As of December 31, 2020

 

Construction

  

Commercial
Real Estate

  

One to four

family

  

Multi-family

  

Commercial

  

Consumer
and Other

  

Unallocated

  

Total

 

Allowance for loan losses:

 

(In Thousands)

 

Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment

 $114  $117  $112  $-  $62  $15  $-  $420 

Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment

 $1,018  $3,507  $1,333  $1,058  $1,066  $556  $658  $9,196 

Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality

 $-  $-  $-  $-  $1  $-  $-  $1 

Loans:

                                

Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment

 $6,239  $1,810  $3,110  $-  $5,111  $202  $-  $16,472 

Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment

 $64,608  $301,453  $112,689  $90,029  $139,083  $26,532  $-  $734,394 

Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality

 $-  $2,410  $-  $-  $132  $-  $-  $2,542 

 

The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses charged to income. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.

 

The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a regular basis by management and is based upon management’s periodic review of the collectability of the loans in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.

 

The allowance consists of allocated and general components. The allocated component relates to loans that are classified as impaired. For those loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows or collateral value of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers nonclassified loans and is based on historical charge-off experience and expected loss given default derived from the Bank’s internal risk rating process. Other adjustments may be made to the allowance for pools of loans after an assessment of internal or external influences on credit quality that are not fully reflected in the historical loss or risk rating data.

 

Included in the Company’s loan portfolio are certain loans acquired in accordance with ASC 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality. These loans were written down at acquisition to an amount estimated to be collectible. As a result, certain ratios regarding the Company’s loan portfolio and credit quality cannot be used to compare the Company to peer companies or to compare the Company’s current credit quality to prior periods. The ratios particularly affected by accounting under ASC 310-30 include the allowance for loan losses as a percentage of loans, nonaccrual loans, and performing assets, and nonaccrual loans and nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans.

 

A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan basis by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.

 

Groups of loans with similar risk characteristics are collectively evaluated for impairment based on the group’s historical loss experience adjusted for changes in trends, conditions and other relevant factors that affect repayment of the loans.

 

The following table summarizes the recorded investment in impaired loans at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

 

  

June 30, 2021

  

December 31, 2020

 
  

Recorded
Balance

  

Unpaid
Principal
Balance

  

Specific
Allowance

  

Recorded
Balance

  

Unpaid
Principal
Balance

  

Specific
Allowance

 
  

(In Thousands)

 

Loans without a specific valuation allowance

                     

Real estate - residential mortgage:

                        

One to four family units

 $1,376  $1,376  $-  $2,780  $2,780  $- 

Multi-family

  -   -   -   -   -   - 

Real estate - construction

  2,025   2,025   -   5,081   5,081   - 

Real estate - commercial

  3,298   3,298   -   3,419   3,419   - 

Commercial loans

  1,750   1,750   -   4,902   4,902   - 

Consumer and other loans

  95   95   -   100   100   - 

Loans with a specific valuation allowance

                     

Real estate - residential mortgage:

                        

One to four family units

 $109  $109  $53  $330  $330  $112 

Multi-family

  -   -   -   -   -   - 

Real estate - construction

  866   866   203   1,158   3,129   114 

Real estate - commercial

  516   516   90   801   801   117 

Commercial loans

  319   319   64   341   341   63 

Consumer and other loans

  97   97   16   102   102   15 

Total

                        

Real estate - residential mortgage:

                        

One to four family units

 $1,485  $1,485  $53  $3,110  $3,110  $112 

Multi-family

  -   -   -   -   -   - 

Real estate - construction

  2,891   2,891   203   6,239   8,210   114 

Real estate - commercial

  3,814   3,814   90   4,220   4,220   117 

Commercial loans

  2,069   2,069   64   5,243   5,243   63 

Consumer and other loans

  192   192   16   202   202   15 

Total

 $10,451  $10,451  $426  $19,014  $20,985  $421 

 

The following table summarizes average impaired loans and related interest recognized on impaired loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020:

 

  

For the Three Months Ended

  

For the Three Months Ended

 
  

June 30, 2021

  

June 30, 2020

 
  

Average
Investment
in Impaired
Loans

  

Interest
Income
Recognized

  

Average
Investment
in Impaired
Loans

  

Interest
Income
Recognized

 
  

(In Thousands)

 

Loans without a specific valuation allowance

             

Real estate - residential mortgage:

                

One to four family units

 $2,065  $-  $1,122  $- 

Multi-family

  -   -   -   - 

Real estate - construction

  4,007   -   -   - 

Real estate - commercial

  3,334   2   3,247   - 

Commercial loans

  2,816   -   -   - 

Consumer and other loans

  102   3   112   5 

Loans with a specific valuation allowance

             

Real estate - residential mortgage:

                

One to four family units

 $144  $-  $1,274  $- 

Multi-family

  -   -   -   - 

Real estate - construction

  867   -   4,437   - 

Real estate - commercial

  608   -   191   - 

Commercial loans

  320   -   928   - 

Consumer and other loans

  78   -   143   - 

Total

                

Real estate - residential mortgage:

                

One to four family units

 $2,209  $-  $2,396  $- 

Multi-family

  -   -   -   - 

Real estate - construction

  4,874   -   4,437   - 

Real estate - commercial

  3,942   2   3,438   - 

Commercial loans

  3,136   -   928   - 

Consumer and other loans

  180   3   255   5 

Total

 $14,341  $5  $11,454  $5 

 

  

For the Six Months Ended

  

For the Six Months Ended

 
  

June 30, 2021

  

June 30, 2020

 
  

Average
Investment
in Impaired
Loans

  

Interest
Income
Recognized

  

Average
Investment
in Impaired
Loans

  

Interest
Income
Recognized

 
  

(In Thousands)

 

Loans without a specific valuation allowance

             

Real estate - residential mortgage:

                

One to four family units

 $2,372  $-  $1,106  $- 

Multi-family

  -   -   -   - 

Real estate - construction

  4,544   -   -   - 

Real estate - commercial

  3,362   4   3,006   - 

Commercial loans

  3,860   -   9   - 

Consumer and other loans

  104   5   105   7 

Loans with a specific valuation allowance

             

Real estate - residential mortgage:

                

One to four family units

 $183  $-  $1,224  $- 

Multi-family

  -   -   -   - 

Real estate - construction

  916   -   4,188   - 

Real estate - commercial

  701   -   236   - 

Commercial loans

  324   -   916   - 

Consumer and other loans

  92   -   156   - 

Total

                

Real estate - residential mortgage:

                

One to four family units

 $2,555  $-  $2,330  $- 

Multi-family

  -   -   -   - 

Real estate - construction

  5,460   -   4,188   - 

Real estate - commercial

  4,063   4   3,242   - 

Commercial loans

  4,184   -   925   - 

Consumer and other loans

  196   5   261   7 

Total

 $16,458  $9  $10,946  $7 

 

At June 30, 2021, the Bank’s impaired loans shown in the table above included loans that were classified as troubled debt restructurings (“TDR”). The restructuring of a loan is considered a TDR if both (i) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and (ii) the creditor has granted a concession.

 

In assessing whether or not a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, the Bank considers information currently available regarding the financial condition of the borrower. This information includes, but is not limited to, whether (i) the debtor is currently in payment default on any of its debt; (ii) a payment default is probable in the foreseeable future without the modification; (iii) the debtor has declared or is in the process of declaring bankruptcy and (iv) the debtor’s projected cash flow is sufficient to satisfy the contractual payments due under the original terms of the loan without a modification.

 

The Bank considers all aspects of the modification to loan terms to determine whether or not a concession has been granted to the borrower. Key factors considered by the Bank include the debtor’s ability to access funds at a market rate for debt with similar risk characteristics, the significance of the modification relative to unpaid principal balance or collateral value of the debt, and the significance of a delay in the timing of payments relative to the original contractual terms of the loan. The most common concessions granted by the Bank generally include one or more modifications to the terms of the debt, such as (i) a reduction in the interest rate for the remaining life of the debt, (ii) an extension of the maturity date at an interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk, (iii) a reduction on the face amount or maturity amount of the debt as stated in the original loan, (iv) a temporary period of interest-only payments, (v) a reduction in accrued interest, and (vi) an extension of amortization.

 

In March 2020, our regulators issued a statement titled “Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and Reporting for Financial institutions with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus” that encouraged financial institutions to work prudently with borrowers who were expected to have difficulty in meeting payment obligations due to the effects of COVID-19. Additionally, Section 4013 of the CARES Act further clarifies that qualified loan modifications are exempt by law from being classified as a TDR as defined by GAAP from March 1, 2020 until December 31, 2020. In December 2020, the Economic Aid to Hard Hit Small Businesses, Non-Profits and Ventures Act was enacted, which extended the CARES Act provisions to the earlier of 60 days after the end of the National Emergency or until January 1, 2022. The Bank continues to work with impacted entities in the form of modifications, payment deferrals, extensions of repayment terms and/or other delays in payments, as necessary.

 

Due to the before mentioned regulatory changes, there were no troubled debt restructuring charge offs or increases to the allowance for loan losses related to TDRs during 2021 or 2020.

 

The following table presents the carrying balance of TDRs as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

 

  

June 30, 2021

  

December 31, 2020

 

Real estate - residential mortgage:

        

One to four family units

 $177,377  $1,178,876 

Multi-family

  -   - 

Real estate - construction

  839,420   3,700,084 

Real estate - commercial

  728,810   893,992 

Commercial loans

  319,129   368,310 

Total

 $2,064,736  $6,141,262 

 

The Bank has allocated $266,613 and $142,393 of specific reserves to customers whose loan terms have been modified as a TDR as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

 

There were no TDRs for which there was a payment default within twelve months following the modification during the six months ending June 30, 2021 and 2020. A loan is considered to be in payment default once it is 90 days contractually past due under the modified terms.

 

As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the Bank’s loan portfolio, management tracks loans by an internal rating system. All loans are assigned an internal credit quality rating based on an analysis of the borrower’s financial condition. The criteria used to assign quality ratings to extensions of credit that exhibit potential problems or well-defined weaknesses are primarily based upon the degree of risk and the likelihood of orderly repayment, and their effect on the Bank’s safety and soundness. The following are the internally assigned ratings:

 

Pass: This rating represents loans that have strong asset quality and liquidity along with a multi-year track record of profitability.

 

Special mention: This rating represents loans that are currently protected but are potentially weak. The credit risk may be relatively minor, yet constitute an increased risk in light of the circumstances surrounding a specific loan.

 

Substandard: This rating represents loans that show signs of continuing negative financial trends and unprofitability and therefore, is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any.

 

Doubtful: This rating represents loans that have all the weaknesses of substandard classified loans with the additional characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable.

 

Risk characteristics applicable to each segment of the loan portfolio are described as follows.

 

Real estate-Residential 1-4 family: The residential 1-4 family real estate loans are generally secured by owner-occupied 1-4 family residences. Repayment of these loans is primarily dependent on the personal income and credit rating of the borrowers. Credit risk in these loans can be impacted by economic conditions within the Bank’s market areas that might impact either property values or a borrower’s personal income. Risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers.

 

Real estate-Multi-Family: Loans secured by multi-family residential real estate generally involve a greater degree of credit risk than one- to four-family residential mortgage loans and carry larger loan balances. This increased credit risk is a result of several factors, including the concentration of principal in a limited number of loans and borrowers, the effects of general economic conditions on income producing properties, and the increased difficulty of evaluating and monitoring these types of loans. Furthermore, the repayment of loans secured by multi-family residential real estate is typically dependent upon the successful operation of the related real estate property. If the cash flow from the project is reduced, the borrower's ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Credit risk in these loans may be impacted by the creditworthiness of a borrower, property values and the local economies in the Bank’s market areas.

 

Real estate-Construction: Construction and land development real estate loans are usually based upon estimates of costs and estimated value of the completed project and include independent appraisal reviews and a financial analysis of the developers and property owners. Sources of repayment of these loans may include permanent loans, sales of developed property or an interim loan commitment from the Bank until permanent financing is obtained. These loans are considered to be higher risk than other real estate loans due to their ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, general economic conditions and the availability of long-term financing. Credit risk in these loans may be impacted by the creditworthiness of a borrower, property values and the local economies in the Bank’s market areas.

 

Real estate-Commercial: Commercial real estate loans typically involve larger principal amounts, and repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the successful operations of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. These loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate. Credit risk in these loans may be impacted by the creditworthiness of a borrower, property values and the local economies in the Bank’s market areas.

 

Commercial: The commercial portfolio includes loans to commercial customers for use in financing working capital needs, equipment purchases and expansions. The loans in this category are repaid primarily from the cash flow of a borrower’s principal business operation. Credit risk in these loans is driven by creditworthiness of a borrower and the economic conditions that impact the cash flow stability from business operations.

 

Consumer: The consumer loan portfolio consists of various term and line of credit loans such as automobile loans and loans for other personal purposes. Repayment for these types of loans will come from a borrower’s income sources that are typically independent of the loan purpose. Credit risk is driven by consumer economic factors (such as unemployment and general economic conditions in the Bank’s market area) and the creditworthiness of a borrower.

 

The following tables provide information about the credit quality of the loan portfolio using the Bank’s internal rating system as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

 

June 30, 2021

 

Construction

  

Commercial
Real Estate

  

One to four

family

  

Multi-family

  

Commercial

  

Consumer
and Other

  

Total

 
  

(In Thousands)

 

Rating:

                            

Pass

 $95,882  $313,554  $107,412  $88,176  $121,149  $23,581  $749,755 

Special Mention

  -   5,258   512   1,419   4,759   -   11,948 

Substandard

  2,962   39,538   1,959   -   4,350   192   49,001 

Doubtful

  -   -   -   -   -   -   - 

Total

 $98,844  $358,350  $109,883  $89,595  $130,258  $23,773  $810,704 

 

December 31, 2020

 

Construction

  

Commercial
Real Estate

  

One to four

family

  

Multi-family

  

Commercial

  

Consumer
and Other

  

Total

 
  

(In Thousands)

 

Rating:

                            

Pass

 $64,531  $262,771  $110,615  $90,029  $130,874  $26,532  $685,352 

Special Mention

  -   4,442   -   -   123   -   4,565 

Substandard

  6,316   38,460   5,184   -   13,329   202   63,491 

Doubtful

  -   -   -   -   -   -   - 

Total

 $70,847  $305,673  $115,799  $90,029  $144,326  $26,734  $753,408 

 

The above amounts include purchased credit impaired loans. At June 30, 2021, purchased credit impaired loans comprised of $2.4 million were rated “Substandard”.

 

For loans amortized at cost, interest income is accrued based on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and amortized as a level yield adjustment over the respective term of the loan.

 

The accrual of interest on loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days past due unless the loan is well-secured and in process of collection. Past due status is based on contractual terms of the loan. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful.

 

All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual or charged off is reversed against interest income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

 

Commercial Loan Referral Income: In certain circumstances, the Company enters into variable-rate loan agreements (Assumable Rate Conversion “ARC” Master Servicing Agreements) with commercial loan customers, and the customer simultaneously enters into an interest swap agreement directly with a third-party (the “counterparty”).  This allows the loan customer to effectively convert a variable-rate commercial loan agreement to a fixed-rate commercial loan agreement.  The Company is required to enter into a transaction agreement as part of each loan.  The agreement results in the assumption of credit and market risk equivalent by the Bank.  The agreement states that in an event of default by the loan customer, the Bank must pay a termination amount to the extent it is positive.  The termination value is defined by the Master Agreement, which is in essence the fair value of the derivative on the event date. The counterparty pays a fee to the Company for brokering the transaction and for servicing the loan/swap agreement between the customer and the counterparty.  Fee income related to these agreements was $62,612 and $936,486 for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.