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Share-based payments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Compensation Costs Related to Share-Based Payments

Share-based payments consist of the following compensation costs:

Year ended December 31,

2020

    

2019

    

2018

SG&A expenses:

  

 

  

 

  

Stock option compensation expense

$

5,853

$

4,697

$

7,895

Equity-classified share units

9,897

 

8,047

 

11,256

Liability-classified share units

3,635

 

1,380

 

1,764

Employee share purchase plan - employer contributions

 

2,497

 

2,281

 

2,174

21,882

16,405

23,089

Acquisition-related costs:

 

Stock option compensation expense

 

 

 

357

Share-based continuing employment costs

 

802

 

802

357

$

22,684

$

16,405

$

23,446

Summary of Stock Option Activity

Stock option activity for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 is presented below:

WA

Common

WA

remaining

Aggregate

shares under

exercise

contractual

intrinsic

    

option

    

price

    

life (in years)

    

value

Outstanding, December 31, 2017

 

4,459,744

 

$

24.29

 

7.5

 

$

17,649

Granted

 

923,199

 

32.14

 

  

 

  

Assumed in acquisition

 

(1,235,154)

 

23.10

 

  

 

Exercised

 

(132,624)

 

25.91

 

14,808

Forfeited

 

(1,302)

 

25.76

 

  

 

  

Outstanding, December 31, 2018

 

4,013,863

$

26.41

 

7.2

$

25,374

Granted

 

914,068

 

34.03

 

  

 

  

Exercised

 

(1,672,022)

 

24.58

27,349

Forfeited

 

(458,092)

 

32.15

 

  

 

  

Expired

(628)

24.44

Outstanding, December 31, 2019

 

2,797,189

$

29.05

 

7.1

$

38,874

Granted

 

822,626

 

41.94

 

  

 

  

Exercised

 

(1,563,941)

 

28.22

37,062

Forfeited

 

(68,056)

 

34.30

 

  

 

  

Expired

 

(2,064)

 

20.74

 

  

 

  

Outstanding, December 31, 2020

 

1,985,754

34.95

 

7.7

68,717

Exercisable, December 31, 2020

 

702,443

$

28.45

 

6.0

$

28,869

Summary of Share Unit Activity

Share unit activity for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 is presented below:

Equity-classified awards

Liability-classified awards

PSUs

RSUs

PSUs(1)

RSUs

DSUs

WA grant

WA grant

WA grant

WA grant

WA grant

date fair

date fair

date fair

date fair

date fair

    

Number

    

value

    

Number

    

value

    

Number

    

value

    

Number

    

value

    

Number

    

value

Outstanding, December 31, 2017

 

434,248

$

27.83

 

125,152

$

26.93

 

259,241

$

26.38

 

4,666

$

26.42

 

93,487

$

26.32

Granted

 

240,803

 

35.63

 

91,251

 

32.10

 

 

 

66

 

34.70

 

26,553

 

33.42

Transferred to (from) equity awards on modification

 

257,659

 

31.30

 

 

 

(257,659)

 

26.38

 

 

 

 

Vested and settled

 

(212,263)

 

33.78

 

 

 

 

 

(4,732)

 

26.54

 

(6,605)

 

23.16

Forfeited

 

(50,159)

 

31.41

 

(8,417)

 

32.00

 

(1,582)

 

26.45

 

 

 

 

Outstanding, December 31, 2018

 

670,288

$

31.46

 

207,986

$

28.99

 

$

 

$

 

113,435

$

28.16

Granted

 

170,208

 

36.13

 

36,350

 

35.40

 

 

 

 

 

24,810

 

35.99

Transferred to equity awards on modification

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vested and settled

 

(251,883)

 

30.33

 

(265)

 

31.98

 

 

 

 

 

(19,877)

 

27.45

Forfeited

 

(159,889)

 

33.21

 

(6,651)

 

34.27

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding, December 31, 2019

 

428,724

$

32.89

 

237,420

$

29.72

 

$

 

$

 

$

118,368

$

29.64

Granted

 

303,829

 

42.09

 

45,781

 

51.36

 

 

 

 

 

19,146

 

47.01

Vested and settled

 

(156,238)

 

31.94

 

(98,542)

 

27.68

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

(33,639)

 

36.60

 

(49,722)

 

28.14

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding, December 31, 2020

 

542,676

$

38.09

 

134,937

$

39.14

 

$

 

$

 

$

137,514

$

32.06

(1)Liability-classified PSUs include PSUs awarded under the employee PSU plan and the previous 2013 PSU plan, in place prior to 2015, are cash-settled and not subject to market vesting conditions.
Stock Option Plan [Member]  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Summary of Significant Assumptions Used to Estimate the Fair Value of Stock Options

Year ended December 31, 

    

2020

    

2019

    

2018

 

Risk free interest rate

 

0.7

%  

2.5

%

2.7

%

Expected dividend yield

 

1.96

%  

2.06

%

2.11

%

Expected lives of the stock options

 

5

years

5

years

5

years

Expected volatility

 

28.0

%  

26.8

%

28.1

%

Sign-on Grant Performance Share Unit Plans [Member]  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Summary of Significant Assumptions Used to Estimate the Fair Value of Stock Options

September 11, 2018

    

2018

 

Risk free interest rate

 

2.7

%

Expected dividend yield

 

1.53

%

Expected lives of the PSU

 

1

year

Expected volatility

 

29.2

%

Performance Share Units, Equity Classified Awards [Member] | Senior Executive and Employee Performance Share Unit Plans [Member]  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Summary of Significant Assumptions Used to Estimate the Fair Value of Stock Options

Year ended December 31, 

2018

 

Risk free interest rate

1.92

%

Expected dividend yield

2.09

%

Expected lives of the PSUs

3

years

Expected volatility

31.1

%

Average expected volatility of comparable companies

34.1

%