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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2019
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

7.  Income taxes

At the end of each interim period, the Company estimates the effective tax rate expected to be applicable for the full fiscal year.  The estimate reflects, among other items, management’s best estimate of operating results.  It does not include the estimated impact of foreign exchange rates or unusual and/or infrequent items, which may cause significant variations in the customary relationship between income tax expense and income before income taxes.



For the three months ended March 31, 2019, income tax expense was $6,639,000, compared to an income tax expense of $5,269,000 for the same period in 2018. Our effective tax rate was 27% in the first quarter of 2019, compared to 23% in the first quarter of 2018.