Fair Value Measurement

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

11. Fair value measurement

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the consolidated financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement or disclosure:

● Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at measurement date;

● Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

● Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.



		December 31, 2015					December 31, 2014
	Category		Carrying amount		Fair value		Carrying amount		Fair value
Fair vales disclosed, recurring:
Cash and cash equivalents	Level 1	$	210,148	$	210,148	$	139,815	$	139,815
Restricted cash	Level 1		83,098		83,098		93,274		93,274
Short-term debt (note 23)	Level 2		12,350		12,350		7,839		7,839
Current portion of long-
term debt (note 23)	Level 2		43,348		43,348		-		-
Long-term debt (note 23)	Level 2		54,567		56,126		110,846		114,532
Fair value measurements, non-recurring:
Japanese assets:
Land and improvements (note 6)	Level 3	$	14,346	$	N/A	$	14,719	$	16,150
Auction building (note 6)	Level 3		4,149		N/A		4,368		4,779

The carrying value of the Company‘s cash and cash equivalents, trade and other current receivables, advances against auction contracts, auction proceeds payable, trade and other payables, and current borrowings approximate their fair values due to their short terms to maturity.

The fair values of non-current borrowings are determined through the calculation of each liability‘s present value using market rates of interest at period close.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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