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Goodwill
6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2015
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill
GOODWILL
The Company performed its fiscal year 2014 goodwill impairment test during the quarter ended June 30, 2014 with the assistance of a third-party firm specializing in goodwill impairment valuations for financial institutions. The third-party analysis was conducted as of May 31, 2014 and the step one test concluded that the reporting unit's fair value was more than its recorded value and, therefore, step two of the analysis was not necessary. Accordingly, the recorded value of goodwill as of May 31, 2014 was not impaired.

The goodwill impairment test involves a two-step process. Step one of the goodwill impairment test estimates the fair value of the reporting unit. If the estimated fair value of the Company's sole reporting unit, the Bank, under step one exceeds the recorded value of the reporting unit, goodwill is not considered impaired and no further analysis is necessary. If the estimated fair value of the Company's sole reporting unit is less than the recorded value, then a step two test, which calculates the fair value of assets and liabilities to calculate an implied value of goodwill, is performed.

Step one of the goodwill impairment test estimated the fair value of the reporting unit utilizing a discounted cash flow income approach analysis, a public company market approach analysis, a merger and acquisition market approach analysis and a trading price market approach analysis in order to derive an enterprise value for the Company.

The discounted cash flow income approach analysis uses a reporting unit's projection of estimated operating results and cash flows and discounts them using a rate that reflects current market conditions. The projection uses management's estimates of economic and market conditions over the projected period including growth rates in loans and deposits, estimates of future expected changes in net interest margins and cash expenditures. Key assumptions used by the Company in its discounted cash flow model (income approach) included an annual loan growth rate that ranged from 3.00% to 5.10%, an annual deposit growth rate that ranged from 2.80% to 4.00% and a return on assets that ranged from 0.70% to 1.00%. In addition to the above projections of estimated operating results, key assumptions used to determine the fair value estimate under the approach were the discount rate of 13.6% and the residual capitalization rate of 10.6%. The discount rate used was the cost of equity capital. The cost of equity capital was based on the capital asset pricing model ("CAPM"), modified to account for a small stock premium. The small stock premium represents the additional return required by investors for small stocks based on the Stocks, Bonds, Bills and Inflation 2013 Yearbook. Beyond the approximate five-year forecast period, residual free cash flows were estimated to increase at a constant rate into perpetuity. These cash flows were converted to a residual value using an appropriate residual capitalization rate. The residual capitalization rate was equal to the discount rate minus the expected long-term growth rate of cash flows. Based on historical results, the economic climate, the outlook for the industry and management's expectations, a long-term growth rate of 3.0% was estimated.

The public company market approach analysis estimates the fair value by applying cash flow multiples to the reporting unit's operating performance. The multiples were derived from comparable publicly traded companies with operating and investment characteristics similar to those of the Company. Key assumptions used by the Company included the selection of comparable public companies and performance ratios. In applying the public company analysis, the Company selected eight publicly traded institutions based on similar lines of business, markets, growth prospects, risks and firm size. The performance ratios included price to earnings (last twelve months), price to earnings (current year to date), price to book value, price to tangible book value and price to deposits.

The merger and acquisition market approach analysis estimates the fair value by using merger and acquisition transactions involving companies that are similar in nature to the Company. Key assumptions used by the Company included the selection of comparable merger and acquisition transactions and the valuation ratios to be used. The analysis used banks located in Washington and Oregon that were acquired after January 1, 2012. The valuation ratios from these transactions for price to earnings and price to tangible book value were then used to derive an estimated fair value of the Company.

The trading price market approach analysis used the closing market price at May 30, 2014 of the Company's common stock, traded on the NASDAQ Global Market to determine the market value of total equity capital.

A key assumption used by the Company in the public company market approach analysis and the trading price market approach analysis was the application of a control premium. The Company's common stock is thinly traded and therefore management believes reflects a discount for illiquidity. In addition, the trading price of the Company's common stock reflects a minority interest value. To determine the fair market value of a majority interest in the Company's stock, premiums were calculated and applied to the indicated values. Therefore, a control premium was applied to the results of the public company market approach analysis and the trading price market approach analysis because the initial value conclusion was based on minority interest transactions. Merger and acquisition studies were analyzed to conclude that the difference between the acquisition price and a company's stock price prior to acquisition indicates, in part, the price effect of a controlling interest. Based on the evaluation of mergers and acquisition studies, a control premium of 25% was used.

A significant amount of judgment is involved in determining if an indicator of goodwill impairment has occurred. Such indicators may include, among others: a significant decline in the expected future cash flows; a sustained, significant decline in the Company's stock price and market capitalization; a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate; adverse assessment or action by a regulator; and unanticipated competition. Key assumptions used in the annual goodwill impairment test are highly judgmental and include: selection of comparable companies, amount of control premium, projected cash flows and discount rate applied to projected cash flows. Any change in these indicators or key assumptions could have a significant negative impact on the Company's financial condition, impact the goodwill impairment analysis or cause the Company to perform a goodwill impairment analysis more frequently than once per year.

As of March 31, 2015, management believed that there had been no events or changes in the circumstances since May 31, 2014 that would indicate a potential impairment of goodwill. No assurances can be given, however, that the Company will not record an impairment loss on goodwill in the future.