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Fair Value Disclosures

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

The Company has certain financial instruments that are required to be measured under the FASB’s Fair Value Measurement guidance. The Company currently does not have any non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, the FASB’s Fair Value Measurement guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (observable inputs that are classified within Levels 1 and 2 of the hierarchy) and the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions (unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy). Level 1 inputs use quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, which are typically based on an entity’s own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related market activity. In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company uses interest rate swaps, foreign currency forwards and cross currency swaps to manage its interest rate and foreign currency risk. The valuation of these instruments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves, foreign exchange rates, and implied volatilities. The fair value of interest rate swaps is determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash receipts and the discounted expected variable cash payments. The variable cash payments are based on an expectation of future interest rates (forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves. The Company incorporates credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both its own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of its derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, the Company has considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts, and guarantees. In conjunction with the FASB's fair value measurement guidance, the Company made an accounting policy election to measure the credit risk of its derivative financial instruments that are subject to master netting agreements on a net basis by counterparty portfolio.

Although the Company has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with its derivatives also use Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads, to evaluate the likelihood of default by itself and its counterparties. As of December 31, 2022, the Company has assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of its derivative positions and has determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of its derivatives and therefore, has classified its derivatives as Level 2 within the fair value reporting hierarchy.

The table below presents the Company’s financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements are classified and by derivative type.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis at December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollars in thousands)


Description	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level I)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Balance at end of period
2022:
Cross Currency Swaps (1)	$	—	$	1,523	$	—	$	1,523

Currency Forward Agreements (1)	$	—	$	8,686	$	—	$	8,686
Interest Rate Swap Agreements (1)	$	—	$	1,240	$	—	$	1,240

2021:

Cross Currency Swaps (2)	$	—	$	(4,626)	$	—	$	(4,626)


Interest Rate Swap Agreements (2)	$	—	$	(262)	$	—	$	(262)

(1) Included in "Other assets" in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

(2) Included in "Accounts payable and accrued liabilities" in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Non-recurring fair value measurements

The table below presents the Company's assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall.

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis at December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollars in thousands)


Description	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level I)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Balance at end of period
2022:
Real estate investments, net	$	—	$	4,700	$	33,670	$	38,370
Operating lease right-of-use asset	—		—		7,006		7,006
Mortgage notes and related accrued interest receivable	—		—		7,780		7,780
Investment in joint ventures	—		—		—		—
Other assets (1)	—		—		1,316		1,316
2021:
Real estate investments, net	$	—	$	6,956	$	—	$	6,956
Other assets (1)	—		—		—		—

(1) Includes collateral dependent notes receivable, which are presented within "Other assets" in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

As further discussed in Note 4, during the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded impairment charges of $27.3 million, of which $25.3 million related to real estate investments, net, and $2.0 million related to an operating lease right-of-use asset. Management estimated the fair value of these investments taking into account various factors including purchase offers, independent appraisals, shortened hold periods and current market conditions. The Company determined, based on the inputs, that its valuation of one of its properties with a purchase offer was classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and was measured at fair value. Six properties, one of which included an operating lease right-of-use asset, were measured at fair value using independent appraisals which used discounted cash flow models. The significant inputs and assumptions used in the real estate appraisals included market rents which ranged from $6 per square foot to $22 per square foot, discount rates which ranged from 7.75% to 9.75% and terminal capitalization rates ranging from 7.00% to 8.75% for the properties not under ground lease.

Significant inputs and assumptions used in the right-of-use asset appraisal included a market rate of $25 per square foot and a discount rate of 8.50%. These measurements were classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as many of the assumptions were not observable.

As further discussed in Note 6, during the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded an allowance for credit losses of $6.8 million related to one mortgage note and $1.2 million related to one note receivable, as a result of recent changes in the borrower's financial status. Management valued the mortgage note and note receivable based on the fair value of the underlying collateral determined using independent appraisals which used discounted cash flow models. The significant inputs and assumptions used in the real estate appraisals included market rents of approximately $20 per square foot and a discount rate of 6.75%. These measurements were classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as many of the assumptions were not observable. Additionally, during the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded an allowance for credit losses totaling $1.9 million related to one note receivable to fully reserve the outstanding principal balance of $1.9 million, as a result of recent changes in the borrower's financial status. Management valued the note receivable based on the fair value of the underlying collateral which was determined taking into account various factors including implied asset value changes based on current market conditions and review of the financial statements of the borrower, and was classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Additionally, as further discussed in Note 7, during the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded impairment charges of $0.6 million related to its investment in joint ventures. Management estimated the fair value of these investments, taking into account various factors including implied asset value changes based on discounted cash flow projections and current market conditions. The Company determined, based on the inputs, that its valuation of investment in joint ventures was classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as many of the assumptions were not observable.

As discussed further in Note 4, during the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded impairment charges of $2.7 million related to real estate investments, net, on two of its properties. Management estimated the fair values of these investments taking into account various factors including purchase offers, shortened hold periods and market conditions. The Company determined, based on the inputs, that the valuation of these properties with purchase offers were classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and were measured at fair value.

As discussed further in Note 6, during the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company entered into an amended and restated loan and security agreements with one of its notes receivable borrowers in response to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Company recorded expected credit loss to fully reserve the outstanding principal balance. Management valued the loan based on the fair value of the underlying collateral which was based on review of the financial statements of the borrower, and was classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy at December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments at December 31, 2022 and 2021:

Mortgage notes receivable and related accrued interest receivable:

The fair value of the Company’s mortgage notes and related accrued interest receivable is estimated by discounting the future cash flows of each instrument using current market rates. At December 31, 2022, the Company had a carrying value of $457.3 million in fixed rate mortgage notes receivable outstanding, including related accrued interest, with a weighted average interest rate of approximately 8.92%. The fixed rate mortgage notes bear interest at rates of 6.99% to 12.14%. Discounting the future cash flows for fixed rate mortgage notes receivable using rates of 7.15% to 10.00%, management estimates the fair value of the fixed rate mortgage notes receivable to be $500.0 million with an estimated weighted average market rate of 7.70% at December 31, 2022.

At December 31, 2021, the Company had a carrying value of $370.2 million in fixed rate mortgage notes receivable outstanding, including related accrued interest, with a weighted average interest rate of

approximately 9.04%. The fixed rate mortgage notes bear interest at rates of 7.01% to 11.96%. Discounting the future cash flows for fixed rate mortgage notes receivable using rates of 7.50% to 9.25%, management estimates the fair value of the fixed rate mortgage notes receivable to be $400.1 million with an estimated weighted average market rate of 8.05% at December 31, 2021.

Derivative instruments:

Derivative instruments are carried at their fair value.

Debt instruments:

The fair value of the Company's debt is estimated by discounting the future cash flows of each instrument using current market rates. At December 31, 2022, the Company had a carrying value of $25.0 million in variable rate debt outstanding with an average weighted interest rate of approximately 4.43%. The carrying value of the variable rate debt outstanding approximates the fair value at December 31, 2022.

At December 31, 2021, the Company had a carrying value of $25.0 million in variable rate debt outstanding with an average weighted interest rate of approximately 0.15%. The carrying value of the variable rate debt outstanding approximates the fair value at December 31, 2021.

At both December 31, 2022 and 2021, the $25.0 million of variable rate debt outstanding, discussed above, had been effectively converted to a fixed rate by interest rate swap agreements. See Note 9 for additional information related to the Company's interest rate swap agreements.

At December 31, 2022, the Company had a carrying value of $2.82 billion in fixed rate long-term debt outstanding with an average weighted interest rate of approximately 4.34%. Discounting the future cash flows for fixed rate debt using December 31, 2022 market rates of 7.42% to 8.35%, management estimates the fair value of the fixed rate debt to be approximately $2.39 billion with an estimated weighted average market rate of 7.94% at December 31, 2022.

At December 31, 2021, the Company had a carrying value of $2.82 billion in fixed rate long-term debt outstanding with an average weighted interest rate of approximately 4.34%. Discounting the future cash flows for fixed rate debt using December 31, 2021 market rates of 2.25% to 4.56%, management estimates the fair value of the fixed rate debt to be approximately $2.93 billion with an estimated weighted average market rate of 3.43% at December 31, 2021.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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