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INTEREST RATE RISK
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2012
INTEREST RATE RISK
14.           INTEREST RATE RISK

The primary market risk to the Company is interest rate risk.  Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors beyond the Company’s control.  Changes in the general level of interest rates can affect net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on interest-earning assets and the interest expense incurred in connection with the interest-bearing liabilities, by affecting the spread between the interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.  Changes in the level of interest rates also can affect the value of the Company’s interest earning assets and the Company’s ability to realize gains from the sale of these assets.  A decline in the value of the interest earning assets pledged as collateral for borrowings under repurchase agreements could result in the counterparties demanding additional collateral pledges or liquidation of some of the existing collateral to reduce borrowing levels.
 
The Company seeks to manage the extent to which net income changes as a function of changes in interest rates by matching adjustable-rate assets with variable-rate borrowings.  The Company may seek to mitigate the potential impact on net income of periodic and lifetime coupon adjustment restrictions in the portfolio of interest earning assets by entering into interest rate agreements such as interest rate caps and interest rate swaps. As of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Company entered into interest rate swaps to pay a fixed rate and receive a floating rate of interest, with a total notional amount of $46.7 billion and $40.1 billion, respectively.
 
Changes in interest rates may also have an effect on the rate of mortgage principal prepayments and, as a result, prepayments on Agency mortgage-backed securities.  The Company will seek to mitigate the effect of changes in the mortgage principal repayment rate by balancing assets purchased at a premium with assets purchased at a discount.  To date, the aggregate premium exceeds the aggregate discount on the Agency mortgage-backed securities.  As a result, prepayments, which result in the amortization of unamortized premium, will reduce net income compared to what net income would be absent such prepayments.