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Short-term Borrowings and Long-term Debt
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Short-term Borrowings and Long-term Debt Short-term Borrowings and Long-term Debt

 
 
2016
 
2015
Short-term Borrowings
 
 
 
 
Current maturities of long-term debt
 
$
65

 
$
312

Unsecured Short-Term Loan Credit Facility (the "Bridge Facility")
 

 
600

Other
 
9

 
9

 
 
$
74

 
$
921

Less current portion of debt issuance costs and discounts
 
(8
)
 

Short-term borrowings
 
$
66

 
$
921

 
 
 
 
 
Long-term Debt
 
 
 
 
Securitization Notes
 
$
2,294

 
$

Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes
 
2,100

 

Term Loan A Facility
 
500

 

Term Loan B Facility
 
1,990

 

YUM Senior Unsecured Notes
 
2,200

 
2,500

Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility
 

 
701

Capital lease obligations (See Note 12)
 
121

 
134

 
 
9,205

 
3,335

Less debt issuance costs and discounts
 
(79
)
 
(16
)
Less current maturities of long-term debt
 
(65
)
 
(312
)
Long-term debt
 
$
9,061


$
3,007



During the year ended December 31, 2016, a subsidiary of Taco Bell issued $2.3 billion in Securitization Notes. Additionally, in 2016 a group of our subsidiaries issued $2.1 billion in Senior Unsecured Notes and entered into a Credit Agreement providing for senior, secured credit facilities consisting of a $500 million Term Loan A Facility, a $2.0 billion Term Loan B Facility and a $1.0 billion revolving credit facility with $995 million in borrowings available as of December 31, 2016 (net of $5 million in outstanding letters of credit) During 2016, YUM repaid $300 million in YUM Senior Unsecured Notes and repaid and terminated the Bridge
Facility, which had $600 million of outstanding borrowings as of December 26, 2015. We also repaid and terminated the Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, which had $701 million of outstanding borrowings as of December 26, 2015.

Securitization Notes

On May 11, 2016 Taco Bell Funding, LLC (the “Issuer”), a newly formed, special purpose limited liability company and a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Taco Bell Corp. ("TBC") completed a securitization transaction and issued $800 million of its Series 2016-1 3.832% Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-I (the “Class A-2-I Notes”), $500 million of its Series 2016-1 4.377% Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-II (the “Class A-2-II Notes”) and $1.0 billion of its Series 2016-1 4.970% Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-III (the “Class A-2-III Notes” and, together with the Class A-2-I Notes and the Class A-2-II Notes, the “Class A-2 Notes”).  In connection with the issuance of the Class A-2 Notes, the Issuer also entered into a revolving financing facility of Series 2016-1 Senior Notes, Class A-1 (the “Variable Funding Notes”), which allows for the borrowing of up to $100 million and the issuance of up to $50 million in letters of credit.  The Class A-2 Notes and the Variable Funding Notes are referred to collectively as the “Securitization Notes”.  The Class A-2 Notes were issued under a Base Indenture, dated as of May 11, 2016 (the “Base Indenture”), and the related Series 2016-1 Supplement thereto, dated as of May 11, 2016 (the “Series 2016-1 Supplement”).  The Base Indenture and the Series 2016-1 Supplement (collectively, the “Indenture”) allow the Issuer to issue additional series of notes.

The Securitization Notes were issued in a transaction pursuant to which certain of TBC’s domestic assets, consisting principally of franchise-related agreements and domestic intellectual property, were contributed to the Issuer and the Issuer’s special purpose, wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “Guarantors”, and collectively with the Issuer, the "Securitization Entities") to secure the Securitization Notes. The Securitization Notes are secured by substantially all of the assets of the Securitization Entities, and include a lien on all existing and future U.S. Taco Bell franchise and license agreements and the royalties payable thereunder, existing and future U.S. Taco Bell intellectual property, certain transaction accounts and a pledge of the equity interests in asset-owning Securitization Entities. The remaining U.S. Taco Bell assets that were excluded from the transfers to the Securitization Entities continue to be held by Taco Bell of America, LLC, a limited liability company ("TBA") and TBC. The Securitization Notes are not guaranteed by the remaining U.S. Taco Bell assets, the Company, or any other subsidiary of the Company.

Payments of interest and principal on the Securitization Notes are made from the royalty fees paid pursuant to the franchise and license agreements with all U.S. Taco Bell restaurants, including both company and franchise operated restaurants. Interest on and principal payments of the Class A-2 Notes are due on a quarterly basis. In general, no amortization of principal of the Class A-2 Notes is required prior to their anticipated repayment dates unless as of any quarterly measurement date the consolidated leverage ratio (the ratio of total debt to Net Cash Flow (as defined in the Indenture)) for the preceding four fiscal quarters of either the Company and its subsidiaries or the Issuer and its subsidiaries exceeds 5.0:1, in which case amortization payments of 1% per year of the outstanding principal as of the closing of the Securitization Notes is required. As of the most recent quarterly measurement date the consolidated leverage ratio exceeded 5.0:1 and, as a result, amortization payments are required. The legal final maturity date of the Notes is in May 2046, but the anticipated repayment dates of the Class A-2-I Notes, the Class A-2-II Notes and the Class A-2-III Notes will be 4, 7 and 10 years, respectively (the “Anticipated Repayment Dates”) from the date of issuance.  If the Issuer has not repaid or refinanced a series of Class A-2 Notes prior to its respective Anticipated Repayment Dates, rapid amortization of principal on all Securitization Notes will occur and additional interest will accrue on the Class A-2 Notes, as stated in the Indenture.

Interest on the Variable Funding Notes will be based on (i) the prime rate, (ii) the overnight federal funds rates, (iii) the London interbank offered rate (“LIBOR”) for U.S. Dollars or (iv) with respect to advances made by conduit investors, the weighted average cost of, or related to, the issuance of commercial paper allocated to fund or maintain such advances, plus any applicable margin, in each case as more fully set forth in the Variable Funding Note Purchase Agreement. It is anticipated that outstanding principal of and interest on the Variable Funding Notes, if any, will be repaid in full on or prior to May 2021, subject to two additional one-year extensions at the option of the Issuer and further extensions as agreed between the Issuer and the Administrative AgentFollowing the anticipated repayment date and any extensions thereof, additional interest will accrue on the Variable Funding Notes equal to 5.00% per year.  As of December 31, 2016, $15 million of letters of credit were outstanding against the Variable Funding Notes, which relate primarily to interest reserves required under the Indenture. The Variable Funding Notes were undrawn at December  31, 2016.

The Company paid debt issuance costs of $31 million in connection with the issuance of the Securitization Notes. The debt issuance costs are being amortized to Interest expense, net through the Anticipated Repayment Dates of the Securitization Notes utilizing the effective interest rate method. We classify these deferred costs on our Consolidated Balance Sheet as a reduction in the related debt when borrowings are outstanding or within Other assets if borrowings are not outstanding. As of December 31, 2016, the effective interest rates, including the amortization of debt issuance costs, were 4.18%, 4.59%, and 5.14% for the Class A-2-I Notes, Class A-2-II Notes and Class A-2-III Notes, respectively.

The Securitization Notes are subject to a series of covenants and restrictions customary for transactions of this type, including (i) that the Issuer maintains specified reserve accounts to be available to make required interest payments in respect of the Securitization Notes, (ii) provisions relating to optional and mandatory prepayments and the related payment of specified amounts, including specified make-whole payments in the case of the Class A-2 Notes under certain circumstances, (iii) certain indemnification payments relating to taxes, enforcement costs and other customary items and (iv) covenants relating to recordkeeping, access to information and similar matters. The Securitization Notes are also subject to rapid amortization events provided for in the Indenture, including events tied to failure to maintain a stated debt service coverage ratio (as defined in the Indenture) of at least 1.1:1, gross domestic sales for branded restaurants being below certain levels on certain measurement dates, a manager termination event, an event of default and the failure to repay or refinance the Class A-2 Notes on the Anticipated Repayment Date (subject to limited cure rights). The Securitization Notes are also subject to certain customary events of default, including events relating to non-payment of required interest or principal due on the Securitization Notes, failure to comply with covenants within certain time frames, certain bankruptcy events, breaches of specified representations and warranties, failure of security interests to be effective, certain judgments and failure of the Securitization Entities to maintain a stated debt service coverage ratio. As of December 31, 2016, we were in compliance with all of our debt covenant requirements and were not subject to any rapid amortization events.

In accordance with the Indenture, certain cash accounts have been established with the Indenture trustee for the benefit of the note holders, and are restricted in their use. The Indenture requires a certain amount of securitization cash flow collections to be allocated on a weekly basis and maintained in a cash reserve account. As of December 31, 2016, the Company had restricted cash of $55 million primarily related to required interest reserves. Such restricted cash is included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2016. Once the required obligations are satisfied, there are no further restrictions, including payment of dividends, on the cash flows of the Securitization Entities.

Additional cash reserves are required if any of the rapid amortization events occur, as noted above, or in the event that as of any quarterly measurement date the Securitization Entities fail to maintain a debt service coverage ratio (or the ratio of Net Cash Flow to all debt service payments for the preceding four fiscal quarters) of at least 1.75:1. The amount of weekly securitization cash flow collections that exceed the required weekly allocations is generally remitted to the Company. During the quarter ended December 31, 2016, the Securitization Entities maintained a debt service coverage ratio significantly in excess of the 1.75:1 requirement.

Credit Facilities and Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes

On June 16, 2016, KFC Holding Co., Pizza Hut Holdings, LLC, a limited liability company, and TBA, each of which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, as co-borrowers (the "Borrowers"), entered into a credit agreement providing for senior secured credit facilities consisting of a $500 million Term Loan A facility (the “Term Loan A Facility"), a $2.0 billion Term Loan B facility (the “Term Loan B Facility”) and a $1.0 billion revolving facility (the “Revolving Facility”), each of which may be increased subject to certain conditions. The Term Loan A Facility, the Term Loan B Facility, and the Revolving Facility are collectively referred to as the "Credit Agreement". Through December 31, 2016, there have been no outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Facility.

The Term Loan A Facility is subject to quarterly amortization payments beginning one full fiscal quarter after the first anniversary of the closing date, in an amount equal to 1.25% of the initial principal amount of the facility, in each of the second and third years of the facility; in an amount equal to 1.875% of the initial principal amount of the facility, in the fourth year of the facility; and in an amount equal to 3.75% of the initial principal amount of the facility, in the fifth year of the facility, with the balance payable at maturity on the fifth anniversary of the closing date. The Term Loan B Facility is subject to quarterly amortization payments in an amount equal to 0.25% of the initial principal amount of the facility, with the balance payable at maturity on the seventh anniversary of the closing date.

The interest rate for the Term Loan A Facility and for borrowings under the Revolving Facility ranges from 2.00% to 2.50% plus LIBOR or from 1.00% to 1.50% plus the Base Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement), at the Borrowers’ election, based upon the total net leverage ratio of the Borrowers and the Specified Guarantors. The Specified Guarantors are the following subisidiaries of the Company: YUM Restaurant Services Group, LLC, Restaurant Concepts LLC and TBC and their subsidiaries, excluding Taco Bell Funding LLC, and its special purpose, wholly-owned subsidiaries (see above). The interest rate for the Term Loan B Facility is either LIBOR plus 2.75% or the Base Rate plus 1.75%, at the Borrowers’ election. Interest on any outstanding borrowings under the Credit Agreement is payable at least quarterly. The Term Loan A Facility and the Revolving Facility mature in June 2021 and the Term Loan B Facility matures in June 2023.

The Credit Agreement is unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and certain of the Borrowers’ principal domestic subsidiaries and excludes Taco Bell Funding LLC and its special purpose, wholly-owned subsidiaries (see above). The Credit Agreement is also secured by first priority liens on substantially all assets of the Borrowers and each subsidiary guarantor, excluding the stock of certain subsidiaries and certain real property, and subject to other customary exceptions.

The Credit Agreement is subject to certain mandatory prepayments, including an amount equal to 50% of excess cash flow (as defined in the Credit Agreement) on an annual basis and the proceeds of certain asset sales, casualty events and issuances of indebtedness, subject to customary exceptions and reinvestment rights.

The Credit Agreement includes two financial maintenance covenants which require the Borrowers to maintain a total leverage ratio (defined as the ratio of Consolidated Total Debt to Consolidated EBITDA (as these terms are defined in the Credit Agreement)) of 5.0:1 or less and a fixed charge coverage ratio (defined as the ratio of EBITDA minus capital expenditures to fixed charges (inclusive of rental expense and scheduled amortization)) of at least 1.5:1, each as of the last day of each fiscal quarter. The Credit Agreement includes other affirmative and negative covenants and events of default that are customary for facilities of this type. The Credit Agreement contains, among other things, limitations on certain additional indebtedness and liens, and certain other transactions specified in the agreement. We were in compliance with all debt covenants as of December 31, 2016.

Additionally, on June 16, 2016, the Borrowers issued $1.05 billion aggregate principal amount of 5.00% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2024 and $1.05 billion aggregate principal amount of 5.25% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2026 (together, the “Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes”). Interest on each series of Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on June 1 and December 1, beginning on December 1, 2016. The Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by (i) the Company, (ii) the Specified Guarantors and (iii) by each of the Borrower's and the Specified Guarantors’ domestic subsidiaries that guarantees the Borrower's obligations under the Credit Agreement, except for any of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. The indenture governing the Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes contains covenants and events of default that are customary for debt securities of this type. We were in compliance with all debt covenants as of December 31, 2016.

During 2016, the Company paid debt issuance costs of $56 million in connection with the issuance of the Credit Agreement and the Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes. The debt issuance costs are being amortized to Interest expense, net through the contractual maturity of the agreements utilizing the effective interest rate method. We classify these deferred costs on our Consolidated Balance Sheet as a reduction in the related debt when borrowings are outstanding or within Other assets if borrowings are not outstanding. As of December 31, 2016, the effective interest rates, including the amortization of debt issuance costs and the impact of the interest rate swaps on Term Loan B Facility (See Note 13), were 5.16%, 5.39%, 3.01%, and 3.91% for the Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes due 2024, the Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes due 2026, the Term Loan A Facility, and the Term Loan B Facility, respectively.

YUM Senior Unsecured Notes

The majority of our remaining long-term debt primarily comprises YUM Senior Unsecured Notes with varying maturity dates from 2018 through 2043 and stated interest rates ranging from 3.75% to 6.88%.  The YUM Senior Unsecured Notes represent senior, unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness. Our YUM Senior Unsecured Notes contain cross-default provisions whereby the acceleration of the maturity of any of our indebtedness in a principal amount in excess of $50 million will constitute a default under the YUM Senior Unsecured Notes unless such indebtedness is discharged, or the acceleration of the maturity of that indebtedness is annulled, within 30 days after notice.

During the second quarter of 2016, we repaid $300 million of YUM Senior Unsecured Notes upon their maturity.

The following table summarizes all YUM Senior Unsecured Notes issued that remain outstanding at December 31, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate
Issuance Date(a)
 
Maturity Date
 
Principal Amount (in millions)
 
Stated
 
Effective(b)
October 2007
 
March 2018
 
$
325

 
6.25
%
 
6.36
%
October 2007
 
November 2037
 
$
325

 
6.88
%
 
7.45
%
August 2009
 
September 2019
 
$
250

 
5.30
%
 
5.59
%
August 2010
 
November 2020
 
$
350

 
3.88
%
 
4.01
%
August 2011
 
November 2021
 
$
350

 
3.75
%
 
3.88
%
October 2013
 
November 2023
 
$
325

 
3.88
%
 
4.01
%
October 2013
 
November 2043
 
$
275

 
5.35
%
 
5.42
%

(a)
Interest payments commenced approximately six months after issuance date and are payable semi-annually thereafter.

(b)
Includes the effects of the amortization of any (1) premium or discount; (2) debt issuance costs; and (3) gain or loss upon settlement of related treasury locks and forward starting interest rate swaps utilized to hedge the interest rate risk prior to debt issuance.

The annual maturities of short-term borrowings and long-term debt as of December 31, 2016, excluding capital lease obligations of $121 million are as follows:
 
Year ended:
 
2017
$
64

2018
393

2019
324

2020
1,215

2021
760

Thereafter
6,337

Total
$
9,093



Interest expense on short-term borrowings and long-term debt was $333 million, $153 million and $151 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.