10-K

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)
ý	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015
OR
o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                    to

Commission file number 000-23661

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Michigan (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	38-3317208 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
30142 Wixom Road Wixom, Michigan (Address of principal executive offices)	48393 (Zip Code)

(248) 960-9009
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class:	Name of each exchange on which registered:
Common Stock, no par value	Nasdaq Global Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
(None)

          Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o    No ý

          Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o    No ý

          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý    No o

          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý    No o

          Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    o

          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ý Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a
smaller reporting company) Smaller reporting company o

          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o    No ý

          The aggregate market value of the registrant's voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant on June 30, 2015 (computed by reference to the closing sales price of the registrant's Common Stock as reported on the NASDAQ Global Market on such date) was $761,641,000. For purposes of this computation, shares of common stock held by our executive officers, directors and common shareholders with 10% or more of the outstanding shares of Common Stock were excluded. Such determination should not be deemed an admission that such officers, directors and beneficial owners are, in fact, affiliates.

          Number of shares outstanding of the registrant's Common Stock, no par value, as of February 19, 2016: 51,526,877 shares.

Documents Incorporated by Reference

          Portions of the Registrant's definitive Proxy Statement pertaining to the 2016 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the "Proxy Statement") to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A are herein incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

        References to "Rockwell", the "Company," "we," "us" and "our" are to Rockwell Medical, Inc. and its subsidiary unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires.

Forward Looking Statements

        We make forward-looking statements in this report and may make such statements in future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. We may also make forward-looking statements in our press releases or other public or shareholder communications. Our forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties and include information about our expectations and possible or assumed future results of our operations. When we use words such as "may," might," "will," "should," "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "continue", "predict", "forecast", "projected," "intend" or similar expressions, or make statements regarding our intent, belief, or current expectations, we are making forward-looking statements. Our forward looking statements also include, without limitation, statements about our competitors, statements regarding the commercialization of our new products, statements regarding our new products such as Triferic® and Calcitriol, and statements regarding our anticipated future financial condition, operating results, cash flows and business and financing plans.

        We claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 for all of our forward-looking statements. While we believe that our forward-looking statements are reasonable, you should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which are based on information available to us on the date of this report or, if made elsewhere, as of the date made. Because these forward-looking statements are based on estimates and assumptions that are subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control or are subject to change, actual results could be materially different. Factors that might cause such a difference include, without limitation, the risks and uncertainties discussed in this report, including without limitation in "Item 1A—Risk Factors," and from time to time in our other reports filed with the SEC. Other factors not currently anticipated may also materially and adversely affect our results of operations, cash flows and financial position. We do not undertake, and expressly disclaim, any obligation to update or alter any statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise except as required by law.

2

PART I

Item 1.    Business.

General

        Rockwell Medical, Inc., incorporated in the state of Michigan in 1996, is a fully-integrated biopharmaceutical company targeting end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) with innovative products and services for the treatment of iron deficiency, secondary hyperparathyroidism and hemodialysis (HD) (also referred to as "dialysis").

        Rockwell's lead branded drug, Triferic® was approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") in late January 2015. Triferic® has the distinction of being the first drug in its class to be indicated for iron maintenance compared to other intravenous iron drugs that are indicated for iron repletion. Triferic® is a unique iron compound that is delivered to hemodialysis patients via dialysate, replacing the ongoing iron loss that occurs during their dialysis treatment. Triferic® enters the blood and immediately binds to transferrin and is transported to the erythroid precursor cells to be incorporated into hemoglobin.

        Throughout its clinical program, Triferic® demonstrated a favorable safety profile similar to placebo patients. In addition, the Company completed a clinical study, the Prime study, which demonstrated that Triferic® could significantly reduce the need for erythropoiesis stimulating agents ("ESA"). ESA drugs are the most expensive drugs used in dialysis. Triferic®'s pharmacoeconomic benefits also include reduced nursing drug administration time, reduced supply costs for drug administration and disposal, reduced infections and reduced blood transfusions compared to utilization of IV iron compounds. We believe these benefits make Triferic® a superior alternative to intravenous iron injections.

        We are commercializing Triferic® in the US market which is currently the largest single country market for dialysis products. Following approval of Triferic® by the FDA, the Company migrated to commercial production scale of Triferic®'s active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) under its proprietary and patented formulation. Triferic® was made available for marketing in late September 2015. The Company launched Triferic® with a single presentation. Additional presentations for the US and other markets outside the United States are planned to be launched in 2016.

        Rockwell has in-licensed the exclusive right to commercialize Triferic® and we hold certain other patents related to Triferic®. We are in the process of seeking foreign regulatory approval for Triferic® in markets outside the United States and to license the technology to partner companies who will gain regulatory approval and commercialize Triferic®. In February 2016, we entered into an agreement with Wanbang Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. ("Wanbang"), to commercialize Triferic® and Calcitriol to ESRD patients in China (the "Wanbang Agreement"). We are in discussions and negotiations regarding licensing arrangements in significant renal markets outside of the United States.

        Rockwell's FDA approved generic drug, Calcitriol, is for treating secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis patients. Calcitriol (active vitamin D) injection is indicated in the management of hypocalcemia in patients undergoing chronic renal dialysis. It has been shown to significantly reduce elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Reduction of PTH has been shown to result in an improvement in renal osteodystrophy. We intend to market Calcitriol to hemodialysis providers in the United States dialysis market.

        Rockwell is also an established manufacturer and leader in delivering high-quality hemodialysis concentrates/dialysates to dialysis providers and distributors in the United States and abroad. These products are used in the hemodialysis process to maintain human life by removing toxins and replacing critical nutrients in the patient's bloodstream. Rockwell has three manufacturing and distribution facilities in the United States. Rockwell entered into an Exclusive Distribution Agreement (the

3

"Distribution Agreement") with Baxter Healthcare Corporation ("Baxter") in October 2014 pursuant to which Baxter has become our exclusive distributor for our concentrate products in the United States and certain foreign markets. See "Item 1—Business—Distribution Agreement with Baxter."

Our Business Strategy

        We intend to become a leading biopharmaceutical company, leveraging our Triferic® technology into other medical indications, using our operating business infrastructure to penetrate and sell approved drugs commercially into the renal market and discovering and acquiring or licensing other potential high-value drugs. The following are the key elements of our business strategy:

Commercially Market Triferic® as an Iron Maintenance Therapy for Hemodialysis Patients in the U.S.

        We officially made Triferic® available to market in the United States in late September 2015. Triferic® is a unique iron compound that is delivered to hemodialysis patients via dialysate, replacing the ongoing iron loss that occurs during their dialysis treatment. In completed clinical trials, Triferic®has demonstrated that it can effectively deliver sufficient iron to the bone marrow and maintain hemoglobin, without increasing iron stores (ferritin). Initial marketing efforts are focused on dialysis service providers in the U.S. dialysis market.

Commercially Launch Calcitriol to Treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Dialysis Patients in the U.S.

        Calcitriol (active vitamin D) injection is indicated in the management of hypocalcemia in patients undergoing chronic renal dialysis. It has been shown to significantly reduce elevated parathyroid hormone levels. Based on industry estimates, we believe the U.S. market for vitamin D therapy for ESRD patients is greater than $200 million per year. We expect to commence marketing Calcitriol to dialysis providers as soon as we have sufficient inventory produced by our contract manufacturer. We estimate that there are currently over 60,000,000 vitamin D injections per year in the ESRD market in the United States

License our Triferic® Technology to Marketing Partners to Leverage Our Renal Indications and Others Globally for Commercialization.

        We continue to seek commercial collaborations, such as our recently completed licensing agreement in China, to license and develop our products and to realize financial benefits on a global scale. We intend to leverage the development, regulatory and marketing presence and expertise of potential business partners to accelerate the development of our products throughout the world. We may initiate regulatory approval in select markets.

Grow Our Commercial Concentrate Business and Market Position and Leverage our Current Relationships to Sell our Renal Drugs.

        We intend to continue to increase our market presence in our concentrate/dialysate products business in the United States. Through the Distribution Agreement with Baxter, we intend to expand our concentrate business operations and increase our sales domestically and internationally. We will continue to develop and offer innovative products that improve patient outcomes and lower provider costs. We intend to leverage our sales and marketing operating infrastructure to sell our renal drugs into the same market.

Identify Novel Drugs to Address Unmet Needs and Market Opportunities.

        We will pursue opportunities to secure other drugs inside and outside the renal market that we believe hold great potential to address unmet needs, and that we believe will enable us to expand our reach further into drug development.

4

Acquire Rights to and Commercially Implement Complementary Drug Products.

        We intend to continue to selectively pursue and acquire rights to drug products in various stages of development, or FDA approved drugs, with the intention to commercialize and/or realize their business potential.

The Hemodialysis Market

        The great majority of hemodialysis patients receive dialysis treatment three times per week, or approximately 156 times per year. Most patients have their dialysis treatment performed at a free-standing clinic for permanent loss of kidney function; these are called "chronic" patients. Some have their treatment performed at hospitals for temporary loss of kidney function; these are called "acute" patients. A small percent of patients receive their treatment at home; these are called "home" patients. In each setting, a dialysis machine dilutes concentrated solution, such as Rockwell's concentrate products, with purified water. The resulting solution is called dialysate. Dialysate is pumped through an artificial kidney (or dialyzer) while the patient's blood is pumped through a semi-permeable membrane inside the dialyzer, in the opposite direction the dialysate is flowing. The dialysate infuses calcium and bicarbonate into the patient's blood while removing water and waste. Dialysate generally contains dextrose, sodium chloride, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium bicarbonate and either citric acid or acetic acid. The patient's physician chooses the proper concentrations required for each patient based on each particular patient's needs.

        In addition to using reusable concentrate products, a dialysis provider also uses other products such as blood tubing, fistula needles, dialyzers, drugs, specialized component kits, dressings, cleaning agents, filtration salts and other supplies, many of which we sell.

Dialysis Industry Trends

        Hemodialysis is the primary treatment modality employed in the United States with over 90% of all dialysis patients receiving hemodialysis. The Company does not compete in the peritoneal or home dialysis segments. Hemodialysis treatments are generally performed in free standing clinics or hospitals with the majority of dialysis services performed by national and regional for profit dialysis chains. Based on data published by the U.S. Renal Data Systems ("USRDS") we estimate that there are approximately 6,500 Medicare-certified treatment clinics in the United States. The two largest national for-profit dialysis chains service approximately 70% of the domestic hemodialysis market. According to the most recent statistics published by USRDS, there were approximately 443,000 dialysis patients in the United States as of the end of 2013.

        Based on the most recent global market study published by a major dialysis products manufacturer, the global ESRD population was over 3.2 million patients at the end of 2013 with the overall global ESRD patient population growing approximately 6% annually. This same global market study also noted that the global HD population was approximately 2.3 million patients and growing at approximately 6-7% annually. We have observed that the ESRD patient population in the United States has grown steadily over the past several decades and coupled with data provided in that report we expect the dialysis population to grow approximately 4% annually over the next several years. The Asia-Pacific market is projected to experience rapid growth in both the incidence of kidney disease and the total ESRD population over the decade ahead.

Drug Products

Triferic® (Ferric Pyrophosphate Citrate)

        Iron deficiency is pervasive in the CKD-HD patient population. Triferic®is the first product approved by the FDA for iron replacement and maintenance of hemoglobin in hemodialysis patients.

5

We believe Triferic®will become the standard of care in iron maintenance therapy for dialysis patients and address an important need in the maintenance of hemoglobin in ESRD patients.

        Triferic®is a unique iron compound that is delivered to hemodialysis patients via dialysate, replacing the ongoing iron loss that occurs during their dialysis treatment. Triferic® is introduced into bicarbonate concentrate, on-site at the dialysis clinic, and subsequently mixed into dialysate. Once in dialysate, Triferic®crosses the dialyzer membrane and enters the blood where it immediately binds to transferrin and is transported to the erythroid precursor cells to be incorporated into hemoglobin. In completed clinical trials, Triferic® has demonstrated that it can effectively deliver sufficient iron to the bone marrow and maintain hemoglobin, without increasing iron stores (ferritin).

        To currently address iron deficiency, patients receive intravenous ("IV") iron and ESA. ESA is an artificial hormone that acts in the bone marrow, together with iron, to increase the production of red blood cells, which carry oxygen throughout the body to nourish tissues and sustain life. Hemoglobin, an important constituent of red blood cells, is composed largely of iron and protein.

        Current clinical practice for iron therapy for CKD-HD patients is provided mainly with IV iron compounds, which are approved for iron repletion, not maintenance. IV iron is encased by a carbohydrate shell to prevent free-iron from circulating in the bloodstream. Due to the carbohydrate shell, IV iron is taken up by the reticuloendothelial system and deposited primarily in the liver, rather than directly into blood plasma where it would be carried to the bone marrow. An increase in inflammation during dosing, coupled with chronic inflammation found in ESRD patients, causes a peptide called hepcidin to mobilize and block the majority of IV iron from leaving the liver, increasing iron stores. This functional iron deficiency can reduce the effectiveness of ESA treatments. The carbohydrate moiety in IV iron compounds is also believed to be responsible for the anaphylactic reactions that may occur with IV iron compounds.

        Triferic® is distinctly different from IV iron compounds. Triferic® is an iron salt and contains no carbohydrate. Triferic® enters the bloodstream through dialysate and immediately binds to transferrin (the body's natural binding site for iron) and is carried directly to the bone marrow for the formation of new red blood cells. Triferic®'s efficient binding action is similar to how a healthy human body processes dietary iron when received via food. Triferic® effectively delivers iron and maintains hemoglobin without increasing iron stores. Triferic® has demonstrated an excellent safety profile in its Phase 3 clinical program and has not been attributed to any anaphylaxis in over 100,000 administrations.

        The PRIME study demonstrated that this more direct method of iron delivery is able to significantly reduce ESA treatment. In this study, Triferic® patients used 35% less ESA than placebo patients and ESA hyporesponsive patients used 74% less ESA (see PRIME study design and results below).

        ESA is administered intravenously during dialysis treatments to help maintain hemoglobin levels. Iron supplementation is required to ensure good therapeutic response from ESA treatments. Most dialysis patients receive ESA therapy coupled with iron therapy in order to maintain hemoglobin levels and to achieve the full benefit of ESA treatments. ESAs are very expensive drugs and are known to have serious risks associated with their dosing to dialysis patients.

        Triferic®, in place of IV iron, has shown it can effectively deliver iron and maintain hemoglobin without increasing iron stores, and the PRIME study has shown Triferic® can lower ESA use. Triferic® additionally lowers IV iron drug administration cost to dialysis providers. Along with the elimination of the needle and syringe normally used for IV iron administration, a nurse will not have to administer individual injections of IV iron, thereby reducing the amount of time required for IV iron administration, permitting nursing time to be redeployed to other patient care activities.

6

        During 2013, Rockwell successfully completed its two pivotal Phase 3 efficacy trials, called CRUISE-1 and CRUISE-2, for Triferic®. The CRUISE studies were identical single-blind, placebo controlled, parallel group, multi-center studies comparing Triferic® delivered via hemodialysate concentrate to placebo with standard hemodialysate concentrate with 600 subjects split evenly between the two studies and treatment arms. Both of the CRUISE studies successfully met their primary endpoint, demonstrating a statistically significant mean change in hemoglobin from baseline to End-of-Treatment. Triferic® also met key secondary endpoints including maintenance of hemoglobin, maintenance of reticulocyte hemoglobin and increase in serum iron pre-to-post treatment without an increase in ferritin.

        A third Phase 3 trial, called the PRIME study demonstrated that Triferic® significantly reduces the need for ESA during dialysis. The PRIME study was a nine-month, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, multi-center study in the United States that randomized patients equally to dialysate containing Triferic® -iron versus conventional dialysate. A total of 103 patients received blinded study drug (52 Triferic®^[ib]- 51 Placebo). Both groups were able to have ESA doses titrated to keep hemoglobin levels within the target range, and both groups could receive IV iron if they developed absolute iron deficiency. Both groups successfully kept their hemoglobin concentrations within the target range, but the Triferic® patients used 35% less ESA to do so than placebo patients. ESA hyporesponsive patients—those on more than 13,000 units of epoetin per week—needed 74% less ESA in the Triferic® group compared to the placebo group. Hypo-responsive patients are generally estimated to represent approximately 20% of the dialysis population. Amgen, Inc. which sells the vast majority of ESA drugs in the dialysis market, reported $2.7 billion in revenue form Amgen's ESA drugs in 2015. We estimate that sales of ESA drugs to the U.S. dialysis market are approximately $2.5 billion.

        In January 2014, we completed our long term safety study for Triferic® which was a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover, multicenter, multinational, Phase 3 study with an enrollment of 718 CKD-HD patients in the United States and Canada. This large-scale long term safety study, coupled with the successful Phase 3 CRUISE studies, dosed over 100,000 Triferic® administrations and demonstrated a safety profile similar to placebo patients.

        We increased our production of Triferic®'s active pharmaceutical ingredient through contract manufacturers following FDA approval in January 2015. The Company believes it has adequate production capacity and redundancy in its supply chain to meet current and prospective demand. Triferic® became available for commercial sale in late September 2015. The Company is preparing additional product presentations of Triferic® for both the US and certain international markets to meet customer requirements.

        Our plan is to out-license Triferic® in key international markets. In February 2016, we entered into the Wanbang Agreement for the rights for commercial development of Triferic® in China including future Triferic® indications. We are actively pursuing and negotiating licensing arrangements for Triferic® in several other markets and regions.

        Triferic® is a unique product that blends seamlessly with current clinical operations and offers substantial improvements to anemia management. Triferic® provides improved clinical productivity and important clinical benefits for patients. Our initial marketing efforts have had a primary focus on education and awareness of these benefits. We are working to educate multiple parties and stakeholders, including patients, nurses, patient care technicians, nephrologists, purchasing management, clinical operations management and senior medical officers of dialysis chains, on the benefits of Triferic®, including its unique mode of action, Triferic® and ESA drug dosing protocol modifications, Triferic® usage at the clinic level and the physiological benefits to patients in utilizing the only FDA approved drug for iron replacement and maintenance of hemoglobin. Our outreach efforts have included a broad range of marketing communications including trade shows, advertising, direct sales, multi-media access and direct presentations by iron therapy experts.

7

Calcitriol (Active Vitamin D) Injection

        Calcitriol is a generic active vitamin D and is indicated for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis patients. The majority of ESRD patients receive vitamin D on a routine basis using one of two branded drugs. Clinical data shows Calcitriol to be clinically equivalent in safety and efficacy to the two branded drugs. We believe the lower cost of Calcitriol will entice dialysis providers to purchase it over current vitamin D options. We plan to commercialize Calcitriol once we have an adequate supply of inventory from our contract manufacturer.

Dialysis Concentrate Products

        We manufacture, sell, deliver and distribute hemodialysis concentrates, along with a full line of ancillary products abroad. We use Baxter as our exclusive marketer and distributor in the U.S. and in select foreign markets. Dialysate concentrates accounted for over 92% of our 2015 revenue with ancillary products accounting for most of the remainder. All of our products are manufactured according to Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation and current good manufacturing practices ("cGMP") guidelines. Our concentrate products are diluted with clean water on-site at the clinic in the dialysis machine, creating dialysate, which works to clean the patient's blood.

CitraPure® Citric Acid Concentrate

        Our CitraPure® Concentrate is 100% acetate-free, in contrast to the acetate-based products used for many years. Acetate promotes inflammation so its removal is beneficial to the patient. Citrate has anticoagulant properties and has been shown in clinical studies to reduce the need for heparin during dialysis treatment (CitraPure® is not indicated for heparin sparing). CitraPure® is packaged as a liquid and as a dry powder acid concentrate for use with our Dry Acid Concentrate Mixer. CitraPure® contains citric acid, sodium chloride, dextrose, magnesium, potassium and calcium. CitraPure® is packaged as dry acid concentrate in 25 gallon cases and liquid acid concentrate in 55 gallon drums and four one gallon jugs to a case.

Dri-Sate® Dry Acid Concentrate

        Our Dri-Sate® Concentrate is our original acetate-based product that was introduced to the market when liquid acid was the only packaging option available in the market. Dri-Sate® is packaged as a dry powder acid concentrate for use with our Dry Acid Concentrate Mixer. Dri-Sate® contains acetic acid, sodium chloride, dextrose, magnesium, potassium and calcium. Dri-Sate® is packaged as dry acid concentrate in 25 gallon cases.

Renal Pure® Liquid Acid Concentrate

        Our RenalPure® Liquid Concentrate is acetate-based and contains acetic acid, sodium chloride, dextrose, magnesium, potassium and calcium and packaged in 55 gallon drums and four one gallon jugs to a case.

Dry Acid Concentrate Mixer

        Our Dry Acid Concentrate Mixer is designed for our CitraPure® and Dri-Sate® Dry Acid product and allows a clinic to mix its acid concentrate on-site. The clinic technician, using a specially designed mixer, adds pre-measured packets of the necessary ingredients to purified water (AMII standard). Clinics using Dry Acid Concentrate realize numerous advantages, including lower cost per treatment, reduced storage space requirements, reduced number of deliveries and more flexibility in scheduling deliveries, while enabling the Company to reduce distribution and warehousing costs.

8

RenalPure® Powder Bicarbonate Concentrate

        RenalPure® bicarbonate is a dry powder mixed on-site at the clinic and is packaged for bulk and individual treatment.

SteriLyte® Liquid Bicarbonate Concentrate

        SteriLyte® bicarbonate is liquid packaged in four one gallon jugs to a case and is used mainly in acute care settings.

Ancillary Products

        We offer a wide range of ancillary products including blood tubing, fistula needles, specialized custom kits, dressings, cleaning agents, filtration salts and other supplies used by hemodialysis providers.

Distribution Agreement with Baxter

        Pursuant to the terms of the Distribution Agreement, Baxter is now our exclusive agent for commercializing our hemodialysis concentrate and ancillary products in the United States and various foreign countries for an initial term of 10 years. We retain sales, marketing and distribution rights for our hemodialysis concentrate products for our current international customers and in those countries in which we have an established commercial presence. During the term of the Distribution Agreement, Baxter has agreed not to manufacture or sell any competitive concentrate products in the United States hemodialysis market, other than specified products. The Distribution Agreement does not include any of the Company's drug products.

        Under the Distribution Agreement, Baxter will purchase concentrate-related products from us at pre-determined gross margin-based prices per unit adjusted each year during the term and subject to an annual true up. The Distribution Agreement also requires Baxter to meet minimum annual purchase levels, subject to a cure period and certain other relief, in order to maintain its exclusive distribution rights. The minimum purchase levels increase each year over the term of the Distribution Agreement. Purchases in any contract year that exceed the minimum may be carried forward and applied to future years' minimum requirements. The Distribution Agreement also contains provisions governing the operating relationship between the parties, our obligations to maintain specified manufacturing capacity and quality levels, remedies, as well as representations, warranties and indemnification obligations of the parties. We will continue to manage customer service, transportation and certain other functions for our current customers through at least December 31, 2017, for which Baxter will pay us an amount equal to our related costs plus a slight mark-up.

        Following the October 2, 2014 signing of the Distribution Agreement, we received an upfront fee of $20 million and an equity investment of $15 million. Baxter also agreed to pay us $10 million during the initial term of the Distribution Agreement to build a new manufacturing facility in the Pacific time zone that will serve customers in the Western United States. The fee payable in connection with building the facility will be reduced to the extent that the facility is not operational within 12 months after the start of construction. Except for any leased components, we will own and operate the facility when completed.

        Either party may terminate the Distribution Agreement upon the insolvency or material breach of the other party or in the event of a force majeure. In addition, Baxter may also terminate the Distribution Agreement at any time upon 270 days' prior written notice to us or if (1) prices increase beyond certain thresholds and notice is provided within 45 days after the true up payment is due for the year in which the price threshold is exceeded, (2) a change of control of the Company occurs and 270 days' notice is provided, or (3) upon written notice that Baxter has been enjoined by a court of

9

competent jurisdiction from selling in the United States any product covered by the Distribution Agreement due to a claim of intellectual property infringement or misappropriation relating to such product. If Baxter terminates the Distribution Agreement under the discretionary termination or the price increase provisions, it would be subject to a limited noncompete obligation in the United States with respect to certain products for a period of two years.

        If a "Refund Trigger Event" occurs, we would be obligated to repay a portion of the upfront fee and facility fee. A "Refund Trigger Event" means any of the following: (1) a change of control of the Company involving any of certain specified companies; (2) a termination by Baxter due to the Company's bankruptcy or breach, or due to price increases that exceed the stated thresholds; (3) a termination by either party due to a force majeure; (4) settlement or adjudication of any claim, action or litigation relating to a covered product that materially and adversely affects Baxter's commercialization of the product; and (5) any regulatory action or ruling relating to a covered product that materially and adversely affects Baxter's commercialization of the product. In addition, if Baxter terminates the Distribution Agreement because Baxter has been enjoined by a court of competent jurisdiction from selling in the United States any product covered by the Distribution Agreement due to a claim of intellectual property infringement or misappropriation relating to such product prior to the end of 2019, Baxter would be entitled to a partial refund. In no event would more than one refund be required to be paid.

        The Distribution Agreement may be extended an additional five years by Baxter if Baxter achieves a specified sales target and pays an extension fee of $7.5 million. If the first extension occurs, the Distribution Agreement term may later be extended an additional five years at Baxter's option at no additional cost.

Distribution and Delivery Operations

        Rockwell's U.S. drug products are sold to and delivered by two of the major U.S. drug wholesalers.

        The majority of our domestic dialysis concentrate products are delivered through our subsidiary, Rockwell Transportation, Inc., which operates a fleet of trucks used to deliver products to our customers. Rockwell distribution and delivery will continue to operate under the Distribution Agreement on behalf of Baxter for domestic business. We perform delivery services that are generally not available from common carriers or our competitors, such as stock rotation, non-loading-dock delivery and drum pump-off service. As a result, we believe we offer a higher level of service than other providers.

Sales and Marketing

        The eight largest dialysis providers treat approximately 370,000 hemodialysis patients in their centers according to an article published by Nephrology News in 2015, which we believe constitutes over 85% of the hemodialysis patient population in the United States. Due to the concentrated nature of our customers, we will market our drug products using few salespeople. Our Chief Executive Officer leads and directs our sales effort, and handles much of the sales effort with our major accounts.

        We market and advertise through trade publications, journals, product literature, the internet and industry trade conferences. We target our drug sales and marketing efforts to senior and operating management of dialysis companies, dialysis service providers, nephrologists, clinic administrators, nurses, medical directors and purchasing personnel.

10

        Our dialysis concentrate products are sold to U.S. customers through Baxter in accordance with the Distribution Agreement. Our dialysis concentrate products are sold to international customers through independent sales agents, distributors and direct.

Competition

Dialysis Concentrate Solutions and Dialysis Products Market Competition

        In the United States, the principal competitor for our concentrate products is Fresenius Medical Care NA, a vertically integrated manufacturer and marketer of dialysis devices, drugs and supplies and dialysis clinic operator, which has substantially greater financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing, research and development and management resources than the Company. Fresenius operates approximately 2,300 clinics and treats approximately 37% of the dialysis patients in the U.S. Fresenius also manufactures and sells a full range of renal products, including dialysis machines, dialyzers (artificial kidneys), concentrates and other supplies used in hemodialysis. In addition to its captive customer base, Fresenius also services clinics owned by others with its products where it commands a market leading position in its key product lines. Fresenius manufactures its concentrate in its own regional manufacturing facilities. Other than Rockwell, there are no other major dialysis concentrate suppliers in the United States.

Iron Delivery Market Competition

        We believe Triferic® has potential to capture market share from the current IV iron drugs due to its unique mode of action, clinical benefits, ability to lower treatment cost for providers, ease of administration and excellent safety profile. Presently, the IV iron drug Venofer® has the majority of the market for delivering iron to CKD-HD patients in the United States. Venofer® is owned by Switzerland-based Galenica. Galenica also markets Ferinject® which is primarily used to treat anemia in a non-dialysis setting. Fresenius has a sublicense agreement that allows them to distribute Venofer® to the dialysis market in the United States and Canada. Other IV iron competitors include Sanofi with Ferrlecit®, Watson with a generic IV iron called Nulecit® and AMAG Pharmaceuticals, Inc. with Feraheme®.

        The markets for drug products are highly competitive. Competition in drug delivery systems is generally based on marketing strength, product performance characteristics (i.e., reliability, safety, patient convenience) and product price. Acceptance by dialysis providers and nephrologists is also critical to the success of a product. The first product on the market in a particular therapeutic area typically is able to obtain and maintain a significant market share. In a highly competitive marketplace and with evolving technology, additional product introductions or developments by others could render our products or technologies noncompetitive or obsolete. In addition, pharmaceutical and medical device companies are largely dependent upon health care providers being reimbursed by private insurers and government payors. Drugs approved by the FDA might not receive reimbursement from private insurers or government payors. Even if the government reimburses for drugs, the amount of reimbursement may not provide incentive to convert to a new or different drug.

        Prior to 2011, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services ("CMS") had paid ESRD providers for dialysis treatments under the Medicare program in two parts: the composite rate and separately reimbursed drugs and services. On January 1, 2011, CMS began implementation of a four-year transition to an ESRD prospective payment system ("PPS") reimbursement. Currently, CMS reimburses ESRD providers through a fully bundled reimbursement rate, which we believe will benefit our marketing efforts for Triferic®. The bundled rate is a single payment per HD treatment, thereby eliminating reimbursement for individual drugs and services to providers. The bundled payment is subject to a case-mix adjustment based on a number of factors. CMS issued final regulations on October 30, 2015 to update payment policies and rates for CY 2016 and make changes to the ESRD

11

Quality Incentive Program ("QIP") for providers. CMS reduced the ESRD PPS base rate paid to ESRD providers for CY 2016. Prior to the implementation of the PPS system, dialysis drugs were a source of revenue to providers while following implementation of PPS dialysis drugs are considered an operating cost by dialysis providers. We believe Triferic®, due to its potential for improved therapeutic response and lower cost of administration, may be an attractive alternative to IV iron under this reimbursement landscape.

Vitamin D Therapy Market Competition

        We intend to market Calcitriol injection against two competitors with branded vitamin D products, as well as other generic drug competitors. Abbott Laboratories markets Zemplar® and Sanofi-Aventis, through its Genzyme subsidiary, markets Hectorol®. Other companies offer oral forms of vitamin D. We believe the dialysis reimbursement law that went into effect in January 2011, along with Calcitriol being the lowest dose vitamin D injection available and our relationships with many dialysis providers may give us an advantage to sell Calcitriol against competitors in the market.

Quality Assurance and Control

Dialysis Concentrate Solutions Business

        We operate under FDA and cGMP guidelines and place significant emphasis on providing quality products and services to our customers. Our quality management plays an essential role in meeting product quality requirements and FDA guidelines. We have implemented quality systems that involve control procedures that result in rigid conformance to specifications. Our quality systems also include assessments of suppliers of raw materials, packaging components and finished goods, and quality management reviews designed to inform management of key issues that may affect the quality of products, assess the effectiveness of our quality systems and identify areas for improvement.

        Technically trained professionals at our production facilities maintain our quality system. To assure quality and consistency of our concentrates, we conduct specific analytical tests during the manufacturing process for each type of product that we manufacture. Prior to shipment, our quality control laboratory at each facility conducts analytical tests to verify that the chemical properties of the concentrates comply with the specifications required by industry standards. Each product is assigned a lot number for tracking purposes.

Drug Manufacturing

        We will utilize contract manufacturing organizations ("CMOs") to manufacture and package our drug products for sale. These contract manufacturers are FDA registered drug manufacturing establishments. We follow defined procedures to qualify manufacturers of our products and to review and approve all manufactured products to ensure compliance with FDA cGMP regulations.

Government Regulation

        The testing, manufacture and sale of our hemodialysis concentrates and the ancillary products we distribute are subject to regulation by numerous governmental authorities, principally the FDA and corresponding state and foreign agencies. Under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended (the "FD&C Act"), and FDA regulations, the FDA regulates the pre-clinical and clinical testing, manufacture, labeling, distribution and marketing of medical devices. Noncompliance with applicable requirements can result in, among other things, fines, injunctions, civil penalties, recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of production, failure of the government to grant pre-market clearance or pre-market approval for devices, withdrawal of marketing clearances or approvals and criminal prosecution.

12

        We plan to develop and commercialize selected drug candidates, such as Triferic® and other Triferic® indications. The development and regulatory approval process for drugs includes preclinical testing and human clinical trials and is lengthy and uncertain. Before marketing in the United States, any pharmaceutical or therapeutic product must undergo rigorous preclinical testing and clinical trials and an extensive regulatory approval process implemented by the FDA under the FD&C Act.

        Moreover, the FDA imposes substantial requirements on new product research and the clinical development, manufacture and marketing of pharmaceutical products, including testing and clinical trials to establish the safety and effectiveness of these products.

Medical Device Approval and Regulation

        A medical device may be marketed in the United States only with prior authorization from the FDA unless it is subject to a specific exemption. Devices classified as Class I devices (general controls) or Class II devices (general and special controls) are eligible to seek "510(k) clearance" from the FDA. Such clearance generally is granted when submitted information establishes that a proposed device is "substantially equivalent" in terms of safety and effectiveness to a legally marketed device that is not subject to premarket approval. A legally marketed device is a "pre-amendment" device that was legally marketed prior to May 28, 1976 (for which a PMA is not required), a device that has been reclassified from Class III to Class I or II, or a device which has been found substantially equivalent through the 510(k) process. The FDA in recent years has been requiring a more rigorous demonstration of substantial equivalence than in the past, including requiring clinical trial data in some cases. For any devices that are cleared through the 510(k) process, modifications or enhancements that could significantly affect safety or effectiveness, or constitute a new or major change in the intended use of the device, will require new 510(k) submissions. We have been advised that it usually takes from three to six months from the date of submission to obtain 510(k) clearance, and may take substantially longer. Our hemodialysis concentrates, liquid bicarbonate and other ancillary products are categorized as Class II devices.

        A device which sustains or supports life, prevents impairment of human health or presents a potential unreasonable risk of illness or injury is categorized as a Class III device. A Class III device generally must receive approval through a pre-market approval ("PMA") application, which requires proving the safety and effectiveness of the device to the FDA. The process of obtaining PMA approval is expensive and uncertain. We have been advised that it usually takes approximately one year to obtain approval after filing the request, and may take substantially longer.

        If human clinical trials of a device are required, whether for a 510(k) submission or a PMA application, and the device presents a "significant risk," the sponsor of the trial (usually the manufacturer or the distributor of the device) will have to file an investigational device exemption ("IDE") application prior to commencing human clinical trials. The IDE application must be supported by data, typically including the results of animal and laboratory testing. If the IDE application is approved by the FDA and one or more appropriate Institutional Review Boards ("IRBs"), the device may be shipped for the purpose of conducting the investigations without compliance with all of the requirements of the FD&C Act and human clinical trials may begin. The FDA will specify the number of investigational sites and the number of patients that may be included in the investigation. If the device does not present a "significant risk" to the patient, a sponsor may begin the clinical trial after obtaining approval for the study by one or more appropriate IRBs without the need for FDA approval.

        Any devices manufactured or distributed by us pursuant to FDA clearances or approvals are subject to pervasive and continuing regulation by the FDA and certain state agencies. As a manufacturer of medical devices for marketing in the United States we are required to adhere to regulations setting forth detailed cGMP requirements, which include testing, control and documentation requirements. We must also comply with medical device reporting regulations which require that we

13

report to the FDA any incident in which our products may have caused or contributed to a death or serious injury, or in which our products malfunctioned and, if the malfunction were to recur, it would be likely to cause or contribute to a death or serious injury. Under such a scenario, our products may be subject to voluntary recall by us or required recall by the FDA. Labeling and promotional activities are subject to scrutiny by the FDA and, in certain circumstances, by the Federal Trade Commission. The FD&C Act prohibits the marketing of approved medical devices for unapproved uses.

        We are subject to routine inspection by the FDA and certain state agencies for compliance with cGMP requirements and other applicable quality system regulations. We are also subject to numerous federal, state and local laws relating to such matters as safe working conditions, manufacturing practices, environmental protection, fire hazard control, transportation and disposal of hazardous or potentially hazardous substances.

        We have 510(k) clearance from the FDA to market hemodialysis concentrates in both liquid and powder form. In addition, we have received 510(k) clearance for our Dry Acid Concentrate Mixer.

        We must comply with the FD&C Act and related laws and regulations, including cGMP, to retain 510(k) clearances. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain our 510(k) clearances from the FDA to manufacture and distribute our products. If we fail to maintain our 510(k) clearances, we may be required to cease manufacturing and/or distributing our products, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. If any of our FDA clearances are denied or rescinded, sales of our products in the United States would be prohibited during the period we do not have such clearances.

        In addition to the regulations for medical devices covering our current dialysate products, our new product development efforts will be subject to the regulations pertaining to pharmaceutical products. Our Triferic® and Calcitriol products will be subject to FDA drug regulations.

Drug Approval and Regulation

        The marketing of pharmaceutical products in the United States, such as Triferic®, requires the approval of the FDA. We received FDA approval to market Triferic® in January 2015. The FDA has established regulations, guidelines and safety standards which apply to the pre-clinical evaluation, clinical testing, manufacturing and marketing of our new iron maintenance therapy product and other pharmaceutical products. The steps required before a pharmaceutical product can be produced and marketed for human use include: (i) pre-clinical studies; (ii) submission to the FDA of an Investigational New Drug Application ("IND"), which must become effective before human clinical trials may commence in the United States; (iii) adequate and well controlled human clinical trials; (iv) submission to the FDA of a New Drug Application ("NDA") or, in some cases, an Abbreviated New Drug Application ("ANDA"); and (v) review and approval of the NDA or ANDA by the FDA. An NDA generally is required for products with new active ingredients, new indications, new routes of administration, new dosage forms or new strengths. An NDA requires that complete clinical studies of a product's safety and efficacy be submitted to the FDA, the cost of which is substantial. The costs are often less, however, for new delivery systems which utilize already approved drugs than for drugs with new active ingredients.

        An ANDA is a marketing application filed as part of an abbreviated approval process that is available for generic drug products that have been scientifically determined to be "bioequivalent" to an FDA-approved drug. This requires that the generic drug product have the same amount of active ingredient(s) absorbed in the same amount of time, use indication, route of administration, dosage form and strength as an existing FDA-approved product. In addition the generic drug product must be manufactured in accordance with cGMP and meet requirements for batch identity, strength, purity and quality. Under applicable regulations, companies that seek to introduce an ANDA product must also certify that the product does not infringe on the approved product's patent or that such patent has

14

expired. If the applicant certifies that its product does not infringe on the approved product's patent, the patent holder may institute legal action to determine the relative rights of the parties and the application of the patent, and the FDA may not finally approve the ANDA until a court finally determines that the applicable patent is invalid or would not be infringed by the applicant's product.

        Pre-clinical studies are conducted to obtain preliminary information on a pharmaceutical product's efficacy and safety in animal or in vitro models. The results of these studies are submitted to the FDA as part of the IND and are reviewed by the FDA before human clinical trials begin. Human clinical trials may begin 30 days after receipt of the IND by the FDA unless the FDA objects to the commencement of clinical trials.

        Human clinical trials are typically conducted in three sequential phases, but the phases may overlap. Phase 1 trials consist of testing the product primarily for safety, metabolism and pharmacologic action in a small number of patients or healthy volunteers at one or more doses. In Phase 2 trials, the safety and efficacy of the product are evaluated in a patient population somewhat larger than the Phase 1 trials with the primary intent of determining the effective dose range. Phase 3 trials typically involve additional testing for safety and clinical efficacy in an expanded population at a large number of test sites. A clinical plan, or protocol, accompanied by documentation from the institutions participating in the trials, must be received by the FDA prior to commencement of each of the clinical trials. The FDA may order the temporary or permanent discontinuation of a clinical trial at any time.

        The results of product development and pre-clinical and clinical studies are submitted to the FDA as an NDA or an ANDA for approval. If an application is submitted, there can be no assurance that the FDA will review and approve the NDA or an ANDA in a timely manner. The FDA may deny an NDA or an ANDA if applicable regulatory criteria are not satisfied or it may require additional testing, including pre-clinical, clinical and or product manufacturing tests. Even if such data are submitted, the FDA may ultimately deny approval of the product. Further, if there are any modifications to the drug, including changes in indication, manufacturing process, labeling, or a change in a manufacturing facility, an NDA or an ANDA supplement may be required to be submitted to the FDA. Product approvals may be withdrawn after the product reaches the market if compliance with regulatory standards is not maintained or if problems occur regarding the safety or efficacy of the product. The FDA may require testing and surveillance programs to monitor the effect of products which have been commercialized, and has the power to prevent or limit further marketing of these products based on the results of these post-marketing programs.

        Manufacturing facilities are subject to periodic inspections for compliance with regulations and each domestic drug manufacturing facility must be registered with the FDA. Foreign regulatory authorities may also have similar regulations. We expend significant time, money and effort in the area of quality assurance to fully comply with all applicable requirements. FDA approval to manufacture a drug is site specific. In the event an approved manufacturing facility for a particular drug becomes inoperable, obtaining the required FDA approval to manufacture such drug at a different manufacturing site could result in production delays, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations. Manufacturers and distributors must comply with various post-market requirements, including adverse event reporting, re-evaluation of approval decisions and notices of changes in the product.

Other Government Regulations

        The federal and state governments in the United States, as well as many foreign governments, from time to time explore ways to reduce medical care costs through health care reform. Due to uncertainties regarding the ultimate features of reform initiatives and their enactment and implementation, we cannot predict what impact any reform proposal ultimately adopted may have on the pharmaceutical and medical device industry or on our business or operating results. The Patient

15

Protection and Affordable Care Act ("PPACA"), which was enacted in 2010, imposes excise taxes on manufacturers on the sale of medical devices and pharmaceutical products and requires medical device and pharmaceutical manufacturers annually to report certain financial and ownership relationships they have with physicians and teaching hospitals. Our activities are subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations regarding occupational safety, laboratory practices, and environmental protection and may be subject to other present and possible future local, state, federal and foreign regulations.

        The approval procedures for the marketing of our products in foreign countries vary from country to country, and the time required for approval may be longer or shorter than that required for FDA approval. We generally depend on our foreign distributors or marketing partners to obtain the appropriate regulatory approvals to market our products in those countries which typically do not require additional testing for products that have received FDA approval.

        However, since medical practice and governmental regulations differ across regions, further testing may be needed to support market introduction in some foreign countries. Some foreign regulatory agencies may require additional studies involving patients located in their countries. Even after foreign approvals are obtained, further delays may be encountered before products may be marketed. Issues related to import and export can delay product introduction. Many countries require additional governmental approval for price reimbursement under national health insurance systems.

Product License Agreements

        We are party to an in-license agreement for Triferic® that covers issued patents in the United States, the European Union and Japan, as well as other foreign jurisdictions. We licensed the product from a company owned by Dr. Ajay Gupta who subsequently joined us as our Chief Scientific Officer. The license agreement continues for the duration of the underlying patents in each country plus a period of ten years. Patents were issued in the United States in 2004 and extend through 2016 and may be extended thereafter under the Hatch-Waxman Act. Our request for an extension is currently under review and is anticipated to be approved. The European patent was issued in 2005 and extends through 2017. The Japanese patent was issued in 2007 and extends through 2017. We may apply for an extension of our patent exclusivity for up to five years in Europe and Japan. As noted below in "Trademarks and Patents," the Company has also received patent protection on the pharmaceutical grade formulation of the active pharmaceutical ingredient in Triferic® which extends patent protection until 2029.

        Our Triferic® license agreement requires us to obtain and pay the cost of obtaining FDA approval of the product and patent maintenance expenses in order to realize any benefit from commercialization of the product. In addition, we were obligated to make certain milestone payments during development of the product. As of December 31, 2015, there were no remaining milestones to be completed although we continue to be obligated to pay ongoing royalties.

Trademarks and Patents

        We have several trademarks and servicemarks used on our products and in our advertising and promotion of our products, and we have applied for United States registration of such marks. Most such applications have resulted in registration of such trademarks and servicemarks.

        We were issued a United States patent on the synthesis and formulation of our pharmaceutical grade formulation of Triferic®. The U.S patent expires on April 17, 2029. Patents have also been granted in Europe, Japan and Canada. We have numerous other patents and patent applications connected to Triferic® pending in various countries.

16

        We also own patents in the United States and Canada for our Dry Acid Concentrate method and apparatus for preparing liquid dialysate which expire on September 17, 2019. Expiration of these patents is not expected to have a material impact on our business.

Suppliers

        We believe the raw materials and packaging materials for our hemodialysis concentrates, the components for our hemodialysis kits and the ancillary hemodialysis products distributed by us are generally available from several potential suppliers. We intend to engage CMOs for the manufacture and packaging of our drug products. There are several potential CMOs that are able to manufacture and package our drug products and so it is unlikely we will be dependent on any particular CMO. However, the lead time to bring on an additional or new CMO could be lengthy.

Customers

        We operate in one market segment, the hemodialysis market, which involves the manufacture, sale and distribution of hemodialysis products to hemodialysis clinics including pharmaceutical, dialysis concentrates, dialysis kits and other ancillary products used in the dialysis process. In October 2014, we entered into a Distribution Agreement with Baxter and under this agreement Baxter received exclusive distribution rights for our concentrate products in the United States. During 2015, Rockwell domestic customer contracts for the supply of dialysis concentrate products that permitted assignment to Baxter without consent have been assigned to Baxter. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2015, our direct sales to Baxter aggregated approximately 36% of sales and we had a receivable from Baxter of $2,088,000 as of December 31, 2015.

        For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, one customer, DaVita Healthcare Partners, Inc., accounted for 48% of our sales in 2015 and 49% of our sales in 2014 and 2013. Our accounts receivable from this customer were $2,156,000 and $2,041,000 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. DaVita and Baxter and the accounts administered by Baxter are important to our business, financial condition and results of operations. The loss of any significant accounts could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. No other customers accounted for more than 10% of our sales in any of the last three years.

        The majority of our international sales in each of the last three years were sales to domestic distributors that were resold to end users outside the United States. Our sales to foreign customers and distributors were less than 5% of our total sales in 2015, 2014 and 2013. Our total international sales, including sales to domestic distributors for resale outside the United States, aggregated 13%, 13% and 12%, of overall sales in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Employees

        As of December 31, 2015, we had approximately 300 employees, substantially all of whom are full time employees. Our arrangements with our employees are not governed by any collective bargaining agreement. Our employees are employed on an "at-will" basis.

Research & Development

        Over the last several years we have invested heavily in the testing and development of Triferic®. We completed human clinical trials and other testing in 2013, and submitted our NDA for Triferic® to the FDA in 2014. We received FDA approval for Triferic® in January 2015.

17

        We engaged outside service providers, contract research organizations, consultants and legal counsel to assist us with clinical trials, product development and obtaining regulatory approval. We incurred product development and research costs related to the commercial development, patent approval and regulatory approval of new products, including Triferic®, aggregating approximately $4,961,000, $7,784,000 and $39,382,000, in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

        Future research and product development spending on the Triferic® platform may include clinical testing in connection with peritoneal dialysis, total parenteral nutrition, an orphan indication and a pediatric indication. Future spending on such indications is expected to be minor in relation to the Company's cash resources.

Where You Can Get Information We File with the SEC

        Our internet address is http://www.rockwellmed.com. Our internet address is included as an inactive textual reference only and nothing on the website is incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. You can access free of charge on our web site all of our reports filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports. These reports are available as soon as practicable after they are electronically filed with the SEC.

        The SEC also maintains a website on the internet that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers, such as us, that file electronically with the SEC. The address of the SEC's Web site is http://www.sec.gov.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below before purchasing our common stock. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties may also impair our business operations. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations would likely suffer. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could fall, and you may lose all or part of the money you paid to buy our common stock.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR DRUG BUSINESS

Although Triferic® has been approved by the FDA and was recently made available for commercial use, we may not be able to commercialize it successfully.

        The commercial success of Triferic® will depend on a number of factors, including the following:

•

IV iron currently dominates treatment for iron deficiency and Triferic® will have to compete against it and possibly other existing and future products;

•

It may be difficult to gain market acceptance from dialysis chains, anemia managers and nephrologists or such acceptance may be slower than expected. Market acceptance will depend on a number of factors, such as demonstration of Triferic®'s safety and efficacy, cost-effectiveness, advantages over existing products, and the reimbursement policies of government and third party payers, including Medicare;

•

Maintaining compliance with ongoing regulatory requirements applicable to Triferic® or which apply generally to the manufacturing processes, labeling, packaging, distribution, adverse event reporting, storage, advertising, promotion and recordkeeping applicable to the product;

18

•

The effectiveness of our marketing, sales and distribution strategies and operations for development and commercialization, and our ability to execute our marketing strategy without significant additional expenditures;

•

Competitors may engage in anti-competitive practices and other tactics to retain their market share;

•

Our ability to avoid third party patent interference or patent infringement claims;

•

A continued acceptable safety profile of Triferic®; and

•

Discovery of previously unknown problems with Triferic® or with any third-party manufacturers or manufacturing processes, or failure to comply with regulatory requirements.

        An adverse development with respect to any of the foregoing may have a material adverse effect on our ability to manufacture and market Triferic®. These factors are largely beyond our control. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that we will be able to generate significant revenues through the sale of Triferic®. If we are not successful in commercializing Triferic®, or are significantly delayed in doing so, our entire investment in Triferic may be worthless, our licensing rights could be forfeited and the price of our common stock could substantially decline. Even if we were successful in commercializing Triferic®, due to the highly concentrated nature of the market, our continued success may depend on adoption of Triferic® by a few customers.

Triferic® is currently limited to use in adult patients receiving hemodialysis treatments and has not been approved for other indications. Regulatory approval for any approved product is limited by the FDA to those specific indications and conditions for which clinical safety and efficacy have been demonstrated, which may limit our ability to market our drug products.

        While physicians may choose to prescribe drugs for uses that are not described in the product's labeling and for uses that differ from those tested in clinical studies and approved by regulatory authorities, our ability to promote the products or encourage our customers to use the products is limited to those indications that are specifically approved by the FDA as safe and effective. Any new indication for an approved product also requires FDA approval. If we are not able to obtain FDA approval for any other indications for Triferic®, our ability to effectively market and sell Triferic® may be reduced and our business may be adversely affected. Moreover, if our promotional activities fail to comply with the FDA's regulations or guidelines, we may be subject to warnings from, or enforcement action by, the FDA that may include penalties, fines, injunctions, recall or seizure of products, suspension of production, denial of future regulatory approvals, withdrawal or suspension of existing regulatory approvals, operating restrictions, debarment, exclusion and criminal prosecution, any of which could materially harm our business.

If we do not obtain protection under the Hatch-Waxman Act to extend patent protection for Triferic®, our business may be harmed.

        The United States Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984, more commonly known as the "Hatch-Waxman Act," provides that patent holders may apply for an extension of patent term for drugs for a period of up to five years to compensate for time spent in development and regulatory approval. We have applied for an extension, but there can be no assurance that we will receive the extension of the patent term provided under the Hatch-Waxman Act for either of the licensed Triferic® patents expiring in 2016. If we fail to receive such extension, our ability to prevent competitors from manufacturing, marketing and selling generic versions of Triferic®could be impaired and we would have to rely on the protection afforded us by the United States patent we hold on the synthesis and formulation of our pharmaceutical grade formulation of Triferic® which expires in 2029 or on other patents related to Triferic® that may be issued to us in the future.

19

Although Calcitriol has been approved by the FDA, we may not be able to commercialize it successfully.

        We have received FDA approval to manufacture a generic version of Calcitriol, but we still must meet certain ongoing regulatory requirements for product testing and stability of our commercially marketed products. If our testing does not meet approvable standards, if we are unable to find one or more approved suppliers that can make the product in sufficient quantities or if we experience operational issues with our supplier, we may not be able to market Calcitriol or the launch may be delayed.

        The market for generic drugs such as Calcitriol is generally very competitive, which may make it difficult for us to capture significant market share. If we have success in capturing market share with Calcitriol, it may attract other entrants to market their own Calcitriol product, which could have a material adverse effect on our future revenues and results of operations. Branded competitors may aggressively lower their prices to maintain market share.

We may not be successful in obtaining foreign regulatory approvals or in arranging an out-licensing or other venture to realize commercialization of our drug products outside of the United States. Even if we are successful in out-licensing our drug products, the licensees or partners may not be effective at marketing our products in certain markets or at all.

        The approval procedures for marketing our new drug products, such as Triferic®, outside the United States vary from country to country, can be difficult to obtain and carry the same risks as FDA approval. In particular, regulatory approval in foreign countries may require additional testing and may otherwise be expensive and time consuming to undertake. Even after foreign approvals are obtained, further delays may be encountered before products may be marketed. Many countries require additional government approval for price reimbursement under national health insurance systems.

        Even if we obtain the necessary foreign approval in a particular market, we do not have substantial expertise selling and marketing on an international level and therefore may not be successful in realizing commercial value from our products should we attempt to develop international markets ourselves. Our strategy for addressing the need for expertise in obtaining foreign approvals and marketing in foreign markets is to out-license rights to our drugs in markets outside the United States. However, we may not be successful in finding partners in addition to Wanbang, our Chinese market partner, who will be willing to invest in our drugs outside the United States. If we are not successful in out-licensing our drugs outside of the United States or entering into some other business development arrangement to obtain the necessary approvals to commercialize them, we may be forced to seek regulatory approval and market these products ourselves. If we elect to seek approval ourselves, it may take longer than expected to obtain regulatory approval and to market and manufacture our drugs, and we may decide to delay or abandon development efforts in certain markets.

        Any such delay or abandonment, or any failure to receive one or more foreign approvals, may have an adverse effect on the benefits otherwise expected from marketing in foreign countries.

        If we are successful in obtaining other business partners to commercialize our products in foreign markets, we will be dependent upon their effectiveness in selling and marketing our products in those foreign markets. These partners may face stiff competition, government price regulations, generic versions of our drug products, violations of our intellectual property rights and other negative events or may otherwise be ineffective in commercializing our products, any of which could reduce the market potential for our products and our success in those markets.

20

We will rely on third party suppliers for raw materials, packaging components and manufacturing of our drug products. We may not be able to obtain the raw materials, proper components or manufacturing capacity we need, or the cost of the materials, components or manufacturing capacity may be higher than expected, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our expected results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

        We may not be able to obtain needed raw materials, packaging components and manufacturing capacity for a variety of reasons, including among others:

•

We may be required to purchase certain raw materials and packaging components from unaffiliated third-party suppliers who may not be able to supply us consistently or at all;

•

Regulatory requirements or action by regulatory agencies or others, including delays in receiving necessary approvals;

•

Adverse financial or other strategic developments at or affecting the supplier or contract manufacturer;

•

Unexpected demand for or shortage of raw materials or packaging components;

•

Failure to comply with cGMP standards which results in quality or product failures, adulteration, contamination and/or recall;

•

Changes made to manufacturing processes by our contract manufacturers may result in regulatory delays until such changes are approved regulatory authorities;

•

Limitations in capacity of contract manufacturers; and

•

Changes in product demand.

        If we are unable to obtain the raw materials, components and manufacturing capacity we require, or if we are charged more than expected for these items, we may not be able to produce the desired quantities of our drug products or our expected gross profit margins may be materially adversely affected.

Before it can be marketed, an investigational drug requires FDA approval, which is a long, expensive process with no guarantee of success.

        Performing clinical trials and obtaining FDA approval for any drug can take a long time. Clinical trials typically take many months or years to complete. Once trials are completed and the NDA, is submitted to the FDA, the FDA may find deficiencies in our NDA, may raise safety or efficacy concerns or may otherwise require additional clinical testing or impose other requirements before granting approval, which could significantly delay approval or result in us not receiving approval at all.

        Clinical trials and the NDA approval process are also expensive. Any such delays, additional testing or other requirements may require us to raise additional capital, which may not be available when needed or may be available only on terms that are not in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders, or which result in substantial dilution of shareholders' voting power and ownership. If approval is not granted, our entire investment in the related products may be worthless, any licensing rights could be forfeited and the price of our common stock could substantially decline.

Our drug business will depend on government funding of health care, and changes could impact our ability to be paid in full for our products, increase prices or cause consolidation in the dialysis provider market.

        Many dialysis providers receive the majority of their funding from the government and are supplemented by payments from private health care insurers. These providers depend on Medicare and Medicaid funding to be viable businesses. Congress continuously enacts a variety of changes to health

21

insurance and reimbursement, some of which could have a negative impact on Medicare and Medicaid funding, which fund the majority of dialysis costs in the United States, and on reimbursement protocols. If Medicare and Medicaid funding were to be materially decreased, these providers would be severely impacted, increasing our risk of not being paid in full. An increase in our exposure to uncollectible accounts could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

        Since 2011, CMS has continued to modify reimbursement policies for dialysis under the ESRD prospective payment system generally resulting in lower payment to dialysis providers. We anticipate that dialysis providers will continue to seek ways to reduce their costs per treatment due to this change in reimbursement practice which could reduce our sales and profitability and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

        CMS continues to make changes to the ESRD Quality Incentive Program ("QIP"), which pays dialysis providers an incentive to improve the quality of care. Final ESRD regulations published in October 2015 include changes to QIP for CYs 2017-2019. Each facility's total performance score is posted on the CMS website. Low performance scores at our customers could result in a reduction in patient volume, a reduction in payment rates and a decrease in sales for those customers.

        As a result of these changes to Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement, the dialysis provider industry may continue to consolidate. This may result in increased purchasing leverage for providers across all dialysis product categories and increased pricing pressure on all suppliers to the industry.

Health care reform could adversely affect our business.

        The federal and state governments in the United States, as well as many foreign governments, from time to time explore ways to reduce medical care costs through health care reform. The federal Medicare and Medicaid programs are facing financial challenges and are looking at ways to reduce the costs of the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Similarly, many states have large deficits which may prove unsustainable, resulting in defaults on state debt obligations which may ultimately result in the reduction or curtailment of health care benefits or state Medicaid reimbursement.

        The United States government faces structural deficits that may require changes to government funded healthcare programs such as Medicare and Medicaid which may negatively impact customers of our products. Our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows and ability to commercialize our drug products could be materially impacted by the PPACA, future health care reform or reduced Medicare and Medicaid spending by the federal government.

        Device and pharmaceutical manufacturers are required to report annually to the Department of Health and Human Services regarding certain financial relationships they have with physicians and teaching hospitals. This reporting requirement will increase governmental scrutiny on our contractual relationships with physicians and teaching hospitals and will increase the risk that inadvertent violations result in liability under the federal fraud and abuse laws, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

22

RISKS RELATED TO OUR CONCENTRATE BUSINESS

The Distribution Agreement with Baxter may be terminated or Baxter may lose exclusivity, requiring us to resume commercialization, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

        Baxter may terminate the Distribution Agreement at any time at its discretion upon 270 days' written notice to us. In addition, Baxter may terminate the Distribution Agreement if:

•

We are in bankruptcy or insolvent;

•

We are in breach of the agreement and have failed to cure the breach within the applicable cure period;

•

Prices increase beyond certain thresholds and notice is provided within 45 days after the true up payment is due for the year in which the price threshold is exceeded;

•

We have a change of control; or

•

Baxter gives us written notice that it has been enjoined by a court of competent jurisdiction from selling in the United States any product covered by the Distribution Agreement due to a claim of intellectual property infringement or misappropriation relating to such product.

        In addition, if Baxter were to fail to purchase its minimum purchase requirement, its distribution rights may become non-exclusive. If, after December 31, 2017, the Distribution Agreement is terminated or Baxter's rights become non-exclusive, we would be required to reassume distribution of hemodialysis concentrate and ancillary products in the United States and various foreign countries and re-establish commercial arrangements with our current customers. Further, our concentrate products are distribution-intensive, resulting in a high cost to deliver relative to the selling prices of our products and we may have to re-establish, or may be unable to maintain, competitive pricing for our products in order to be profitable. If the Distribution Agreement is terminated or Baxter's distribution rights become non-exclusive, such events could have a material and adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

We may be required to repay a portion of the fees received from Baxter, which could materially and adversely affect our financial position and cash reserves.

        Pursuant to the terms of the Distribution Agreement, we may be required to repay a portion of the upfront fee and a portion of the facility fee to Baxter upon the occurrence of a "Refund Trigger Event." A "Refund Trigger Event" means any of the following:

•

A change of control of the Company involving any of certain specified companies;

•

A termination by Baxter due to our bankruptcy, insolvency or uncured breach, or due to price increases that exceed the stated thresholds;

•

A termination by either party due to a force majeure;

•

The settlement or adjudication of any claim, action or litigation relating to a covered product that materially and adversely affects Baxter's commercialization of the product; and

•

Any regulatory action or ruling relating to a covered product that materially and adversely affects Baxter's commercialization of the product.

        Any of these events would obligate us to repay 50% of the $20 million upfront fee and 50% of the facility fee if the event occurs prior to December 31, 2016, 33% if the event occurs in 2017 or 2018, and 25% if the event occurs in 2019, 2020 or 2021. Any such repayment could result in a material negative impact on our financial condition and cash reserves.

23

        In addition, if Baxter terminates the Distribution Agreement because it has been enjoined by a court of competent jurisdiction from selling in the United States any product covered by the Distribution Agreement due to a claim of intellectual property infringement or misappropriation relating to such product prior to the end of 2018, Baxter would be entitled to a refund of up to $10 million, or $6.6 million if the termination occurs in 2019.

        If we are required to make any such refund payment, we may need to reallocate funds from other parts of our business, which could force us to change or delay plans for use of that capital. We may be forced to obtain financing or raise capital on terms that are unfavorable to us, or financing or additional capital may not be available at all. In any such event, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.

The transition to Baxter of commercialization of our concentrate and ancillary products may not be successful.

        In October 2014, we entered into our Distribution Agreement and Baxter became our exclusive agent for commercializing our hemodialysis concentrate and ancillary products in the United States and various foreign countries. If Baxter were to commit insufficient financial and other resources to the marketing and distribution of our products, or if our products were to lose focus within Baxter or are otherwise not being marketed as effectively as we have marketed them in the past, unit sales of our products may fall, resulting in lower revenues and gross margin for us, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

        In addition, we may not be able to transition the sales and marketing activities of these products to Baxter successfully or Baxter could fail to price the product adequately to allow its sales of our products to be profitable to it, either of which could cause Baxter to exercise its right to terminate the Distribution Agreement or to fail to purchase the minimum requirements and allow its distribution rights to become non-exclusive. Any such termination or failure could have a material and adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

A few customers account for a substantial portion of the end user sales of our concentrate products. The loss of any of these customers could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flow from our concentrate business.

        A substantial portion of our concentrate and ancillary products are primarily sold to or through Baxter. Its sales of our products are highly concentrated in a few customers and Baxter's loss of any of those customers could adversely affect our results of operations. In addition, another customer accounted for nearly half of our sales in each of the last three years and for a substantial number of the clinics we serve. If the relationships with these significant customers were lost, it could have a substantial negative impact on our cash flow and operating results.

The concentrate market is very competitive and has a large competitor with substantial resources.

        There is intense competition in the hemodialysis products market. The primary competitor in the market for our concentrate products is a large diversified company which has substantial financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing, research and management resources. Our distributor, Baxter, may not be able to successfully compete with them or other companies. The primary competitor has historically used product bundling and low pricing as marketing techniques to capture market share of the concentrate products we sell. Baxter may be at a disadvantage in competing against their marketing strategies to sell our products. Furthermore, the primary competitor is vertically integrated and is the largest provider of dialysis services in the United States, treating approximately 37% of all U.S. patients through its clinics. This competitor has routinely acquired smaller clinic chain operations that we service and may acquire more of the customers we service in the future. In addition, if the Distribution

24

Agreement were to terminate or if the distribution rights were to become non-exclusive, Baxter may be able to compete with us, which could materially and adversely affect our business.

We may be affected materially and adversely by increases in raw material costs.

        A significant portion of our costs relates to chemicals and other raw materials, which are subject to price volatility based on demand and are highly influenced by the overall level of economic activity in the U.S. and abroad. These costs have tended to rise from year to year and are likely to continue to rise in the future. Under our Distribution Agreement with Baxter, such cost inflation may result in increases in the prices we charge Baxter. If these increases exceed specified levels in the Distribution Agreement, Baxter is permitted to terminate the Distribution Agreement and obtain a refund of a portion of the fees we received from Baxter. Any such termination or refund could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

Our concentrate business is highly regulated, which increases our costs and the risk and consequence of noncompliance.

        Although our hemodialysis concentrates have been cleared by the FDA, it could rescind these clearances and any new products or modifications to our current products that we develop could fail to receive FDA clearance. If the FDA rescinds or denies any current or future clearances or approvals for our products, we would be prohibited from selling those products in the United States until we obtain such clearances or approvals. Our business would be adversely affected by any such prohibition, any delay in obtaining necessary regulatory approvals, and any limits placed by the FDA on our intended use. Our products are also subject to federal regulations regarding good manufacturing practices and quality. Our failure to comply with these regulations could result in FDA action or product liability litigation adverse to us. Any of these events could constitute a breach by us of the Distribution Agreement, providing Baxter with various remedies that would be material and adverse to us, including without limitation, termination of the Distribution Agreement. Moreover, changes in applicable regulatory requirements could significantly increase the costs of our operations and, if such higher costs result in price increases that exceed the thresholds specified in the Distribution Agreement, could give Baxter the right to terminate the Distribution Agreement and obtain a partial refund of certain fees paid to us pursuant to that agreement.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS AS A WHOLE

We may not be successful in expanding our product portfolio or in our business development efforts related to in-licensing, acquisitions or other business collaborations. Even if we are able to enter into business development arrangements, they could have a negative impact on our business and our profitability.

        As part of our business strategy to expand our product portfolio, we are seeking to acquire or in-license other drug products that we believe are a complementary fit with our current product portfolio as well as other products that we believe have substantial development potential. Our experience with respect to these business development activities is limited. The negotiation of such arrangements can be a lengthy and complex process and there can be no assurance that any such negotiations will be completed on a timely basis or on terms that are cost-effective and acceptable to us or, if they are completed, that we will be able to effectively integrate, develop and launch such products effectively.

        In addition, the market potential for new products is highly uncertain and evaluation of such potential requires significant judgment and assumptions. There is a significant risk that any new product may not be able to be brought to market as profitably as expected or at all. If the results of any new product initiative were materially worse than expected, it could have a material adverse effect on our financial results and condition.

25

Our drug and concentrate businesses are highly regulated, resulting in additional expense and risk of noncompliance that can materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

        Our businesses are highly regulated. The testing, manufacture and sale of the products we manufacture directly or through third party contractors are subject to extensive regulation by the FDA and by other federal, state and foreign authorities. Before drugs or medical devices, such as our concentrate products, can be commercially marketed in the United States, the FDA must give either premarket approval or 510(k) clearance. Even after a product is approved, regulatory authorities may still impose significant restrictions on a product's indicated uses or marketing or impose requirements for potentially costly post-marketing studies. In addition, our products are subject to ongoing regulatory requirements for labeling, packaging, storage, advertising, promotion, sampling, record-keeping and reporting of safety and other post-market information, including both federal and state requirements in the United States and in other jurisdictions where they are marketed. In addition, manufacturers and their facilities are required to comply with extensive FDA requirements, including ensuring that quality control and manufacturing procedures conform to current cGMP and applicable state laws. As such, we and our contract manufacturers are subject to continual review and periodic inspections to assess compliance with cGMP and state laws. Accordingly, we and others with whom we work must continue to expend time, money and effort in all areas to achieve and maintain regulatory compliance. We are also required to report certain adverse reactions and production problems, if any, to the FDA, state agencies and foreign regulatory authorities, when applicable, and to comply with requirements concerning advertising and promotion for our products.

        If a regulatory agency determines that we do not comply with any applicable regulatory requirements, we may be subject to warnings from, or enforcement action by, state and federal government authorities that may include penalties, fines, injunctions, recall or seizure of products, suspension of production, denial of future regulatory approvals, withdrawal or suspension of existing regulatory approvals, operating restrictions, injunctions and criminal prosecution. If regulatory sanctions are applied, the value of our Company and our operating results could be materially and adversely affected.

We depend on key personnel, the loss of which could harm our ability to operate.

        Our success depends heavily on the efforts of Robert L. Chioini, our founder and Chief Executive Officer, Dr. Ajay Gupta, our Chief Scientific Officer, Dr. Raymond D. Pratt, our Chief Medical Officer, and Thomas E. Klema, our Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer. Mr. Chioini is primarily responsible for the strategic direction of the Company and for managing our sales and marketing efforts. Dr. Gupta is primarily responsible for discovery and development of new technologies. Dr. Pratt is primarily responsible for the clinical development, testing and regulatory approval of our products. None of our executive management have current employment agreements with the Company. If we lose the services of Mr. Chioini, Dr. Gupta, Dr. Pratt or Mr. Klema, our business, product development efforts, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We could be prevented from selling products, forced to pay damages and compelled to defend against litigation if we infringe the rights of a third party.

        Our success, competitive position and future revenues will depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection for our products, methods, processes and other technologies, to preserve our trade secrets, to prevent third parties from infringing on our proprietary rights and to operate without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties.

26

        We could incur substantial costs in seeking enforcement of our patent rights against infringement, and we cannot guarantee that such patents will successfully preclude others from using technology that we rely upon. We have no knowledge of any infringement or patent litigation, threatened or filed at this time. It is possible that we may infringe on intellectual property rights of others without being aware of the infringement. If a third party believes that one of our products infringes on the third party's patent, it may sue us even if we have received our own patent protection for the technology. If we infringe the rights of a third party, we could be prevented from selling products, forced to pay damages and compelled to defend against litigation. Moreover, if Baxter is prevented from selling from any of our concentrate or ancillary products due to a patent infringement or if its ability to sell any of our concentrate or ancillary products due to a patent infringement is materially and adversely affected, Baxter may be entitled to terminate our Distribution Agreement and obtain a refund of a portion of the upfront fee and facility fee.

Our products may have undesirable side effects and our product liability insurance may not be sufficient to protect us from material liability or harm to our business.

        If concerns are raised regarding the safety of a new drug as a result of undesirable side effects identified during clinical testing, the FDA may decline to approve the drug at the end of the NDA review period or issue a letter requesting additional data or information prior to making a final decision regarding whether or not to approve the drug. Following FDA approval, if we or others later identify previously unknown undesirable side effects caused by our drug or concentrate products, if known side effects are more frequent or severe than in the past, or if we or others detect unexpected safety signals for such products or any products perceived to be similar to such products, the FDA or other applicable regulatory authorities may require the addition of unfavorable labeling statements, specific warnings or contraindications, may suspend or withdraw their approval of the product, may require it to be removed from the market or may impose restrictions on the distribution or use of the product. Such side effects may also result in litigation against the Company by private litigants.

        We maintain products liability insurance in the amount of $10 million per occurrence and $10 million in the aggregate. We cannot be sure that such insurance would be sufficient to protect us against liabilities associated with any of these events in view of our expanding business or that such insurance will remain available at economical levels. We may have significant legal expenses that are not covered by insurance. In addition, our reputation could be damaged by such sanctions or product liability litigation and that could harm our marketing ability. Any such sanctions or litigation could also hurt our ability to retain products liability insurance or make such insurance more expensive. In any such event, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

We may be unable to obtain certain debt financing in the future as a result of our arrangement with Baxter.

        The Distribution Agreement prohibits us from entering into a contract encumbering the assets used in our concentrate business without the prior written consent of Baxter, and Baxter would be under no obligation to provide us with consent. The assets used in our concentrate business currently constitute a substantial portion of the tangible assets we own. If our development activities require substantial cash resources in the future in excess of our liquid resources on hand and if our cash flows are not sufficient to support financing through unsecured indebtedness, we may not be able to obtain debt financing and our capital financing options may become limited. If we are unable to generate, retain or obtain adequate capital, our business and our future development and expansion strategies may be adversely affected.

27

RISKS RELATED TO OUR COMMON STOCK

Shares eligible for future sale may affect the market price of our common shares.

        Any future sales by us of substantial amounts of our common shares, or the possibility of such sales, could adversely affect the market price of our common shares and also impair our ability to raise capital through an offering of our equity securities in the future. In the future, we may issue additional shares or warrants in connection with investments or for other purposes considered advisable by our Board of Directors. Any substantial sale of our common shares may have an adverse effect on the market price of our common shares and may dilute the economic value and voting rights of existing shareholders.

        In addition, as of December 31, 2015, there were 4,644,391 shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding and exercisable stock options, 3,114,611 shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options that are not yet exercisable and 504,027 additional shares available for future grant under our 2007 Long Term Incentive Plan. The market price of the common shares may be depressed by the potential exercise of these options. The holders of these options are likely to exercise them when we would otherwise be able to obtain additional capital on more favorable terms than those provided by the options.

The market price for our common stock is volatile.

        Our stock price, like the market price of many stocks in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, is volatile. Events such as announcements around clinical testing results or regulatory approval of a product, as well as the reporting of sales, operating results and cash resources, may cause significant fluctuations in our share price. In addition, third parties may engage in trading strategies that result in intentional volatility to and control over our share price.

We could have a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, which, until remedied, could result in errors in our financial statements requiring restatement of our financial statements. As a result, investors may lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could lead to a decline in our stock price.

        SEC rules require us to evaluate the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of each year, and to include a management report assessing the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in each Annual Report on Form 10-K. It is possible, due to the small size of our accounting staff, that we may identify control deficiencies in the future that constitute one or more material weaknesses. If our internal control over financial reporting or disclosure controls and procedures are not effective, there may be errors in our financial statements and in our disclosure that could require restatements. Investors may lose confidence in our reported financial information and in our disclosure, which could lead to a decline in our stock price.

        No system of internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system's objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. Over time, controls may become inadequate because changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may occur. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. As a result, we cannot assure you that significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting will not be identified in the future.

28

Structural and anti-takeover provisions reduce the likelihood that you will receive a takeover premium.

        The Board of Directors has the authority, without shareholder approval, to issue shares of preferred stock having such rights, preferences and privileges as the Board of Directors may determine. Any such issuance of preferred stock could, under certain circumstances, have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control and may adversely affect the rights of holders of common shares, including by decreasing the amount of earnings and assets available for distribution to holders of common shares and adversely affect the relative voting power or other rights of the holders of the common shares. In addition, we may become subject to Michigan statutes regulating business combinations which might also hinder or delay a change in control. Anti-takeover provisions that could be included in the preferred stock when issued and the Michigan statutes regulating business combinations can have a depressive effect on the market price of our common shares and can limit shareholders' ability to receive a premium on their shares by discouraging takeover and tender offers.

        Our shareholders do not have the right to cumulative voting in the election of directors. Moreover, our directors serve staggered three-year terms, and directors may not be removed without cause. These provisions could have an anti-takeover effect by making it more difficult to acquire us by means of a tender offer, a proxy contest or otherwise, or to remove incumbent directors. These provisions could delay, deter or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt that a shareholder might consider in his or her best interests, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the common shares.

We do not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future.

        Since inception, we have not paid any cash dividend on our common shares and do not anticipate paying such dividends in the foreseeable future. The payment of dividends is within the discretion of our Board of Directors and depends upon our earnings, capital requirements, financial condition and requirements, future prospects, restrictions in future financing agreements, business conditions and other factors deemed relevant by the Board. We intend to retain earnings and any cash resources to finance our operations. Therefore, it is highly unlikely we will pay cash dividends.

Item 1B.    Unresolved Staff Comments.

        Not applicable.

Item 2.    Properties.

        We occupy a 51,000 square foot facility and a 17,500 square foot facility in Wixom, Michigan under a lease expiring in August 2018. We also occupy a 51,000 square foot facility in Grapevine, Texas under a lease expiring in December 2020. In addition, we lease a 57,000 square foot facility in Greer, South Carolina under a lease expiring in February 2018.

        We intend to use each of our facilities to manufacture and warehouse our products. All such facilities and their contents are covered under various insurance policies which management believes provide adequate coverage. We also use the office space in Wixom, Michigan as our principal administrative office. With our continued growth we expect that we will require additional office space, manufacturing capacity and distribution facilities to meet our business requirements.

Item 3.    Legal Proceedings.

        We are involved in certain legal proceedings from time to time before various courts and governmental agencies. We cannot predict the final disposition of such proceedings. We regularly review legal matters and record provisions for claims that are considered probable of loss. The

29

resolution of pending proceedings is not expected to have a material effect on our operations or consolidated financial statements in the period in which they are resolved.

Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures.

        Not applicable.

30

PART II

Item 5.    Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

        Our common shares trade on the Nasdaq Global Market under the trading symbol "RMTI". The prices below are the high and low sale prices as reported by the Nasdaq Global Market in each quarter during 2015 and 2014.

	Price Range
	High		Low
2015
Fourth Quarter	$	13.50	$	7.46
Third Quarter		18.90		7.09
Second Quarter		18.04		9.01
First Quarter		12.47		9.11
2014
Fourth Quarter	$	11.75	$	8.10
Third Quarter		12.42		9.05
Second Quarter		13.06		9.37
First Quarter		14.80		9.49

        As of February 24, 2016, there were 23 holders of record of our common shares.

Dividends

        Our Board of Directors has discretion whether or not to pay dividends. Among the factors our Board of Directors considers when determining whether or not to pay dividends are our earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, future business prospects and business conditions. We have never paid any cash dividends on our common shares and do not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future. We intend to retain earnings, if any, to finance the development and expansion of our operations.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

        The information contained under "Item 12—Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters" of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the heading "Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans" is incorporated herein by reference.

31

Performance Graph

        The following graph compares the cumulative 5-year total return of holders of the Company's common stock with the cumulative total returns of the Russell 2000 index and the Nasdaq Biotechnology index. The graph tracks the performance of a $100 investment in our common stock and in each of the indexes (with reinvestment of all dividends, if any) on December 31, 2010 with relative performance tracked through December 31, 2015. The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN*
Among Rockwell Medical, Inc., the Russell 2000 Index,
and the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index

*

$100 invested on 12/31/10 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends. Fiscal year ending December 31.

Copyright© 2016 Russell Investment Group. All rights reserved.

	12/31/2010		12/31/2011		12/31/2012		12/31/2013		12/31/2014		12/31/2015
Rockwell Medical, Inc.		100.00		107.22		101.90		132.15		130.13		129.62
Russell 2000		100.00		95.82		111.49		154.78		162.35		155.18
NASDAQ Biotechnology		100.00		113.92		153.97		263.29		348.49		369.06

The information furnished under the heading "Stock Performance Graph" shall not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section, and such information shall not be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

32

Item 6.    Selected Financial Data.

        The financial data in the following tables should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto and Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in this Form 10-K.

	For the Year Ended December 31,
	2015			2014			2013			2012			2011
Net sales	$	55,350,702		$	54,188,444		$	52,379,543		$	49,842,392		$	48,966,231
Cost of sales		46,412,848			45,643,231			45,720,323			43,148,965			43,323,321
Gross profit		8,937,854			8,545,213			6,659,220			6,693,427			5,642,910
Income from continuing operations before interest expense and income taxes		(15,102,326	)		(17,559,101	)		(47,059,266	)		(54,262,082	)		(21,684,757	)
Interest (expense) and Investment Income, net		681,876			(3,768,056	)		(1,724,046	)		240,567			242,205
Income from continuing operations before income taxes(1)		(14,420,450	)		(21,327,157	)		(48,783,312	)		(54,021,515	)		(21,442,552	)
Income taxes		—			—			—			—			2,005
Net income		(14,420,450	)		(21,327,157	)		(48,783,312	)		(54,021,515	)		(21,444,557	)
Earnings per common share:
Basic	$	(0.29	)	$	(0.52	)	$	(1.48	)	$	(2.65	)	$	(1.21	)
Diluted	$	(0.29	)	$	(0.52	)	$	(1.48	)	$	(2.65	)	$	(1.21	)
Weighted average number of common shares and common share equivalents
Basic		50,068,129			41,404,999			32,882,333			20,395,889			17,774,865
Diluted		50,068,129			41,404,999			32,882,333			20,395,889			17,774,865

	2015		2014		2013		2012			2011
Total assets	$	87,822,125	$	97,999,716	$	36,362,124	$	17,025,086		$	31,939,599
Current assets		84,626,316		94,707,149		31,917,774		13,149,432			25,896,529
Current liabilities		8,091,451		9,804,402		17,849,671		26,986,956			13,692,351
Working capital		76,534,865		84,902,747		14,068,103		(13,837,524	)		12,204,178
Long-term debt and capitalized lease obligations		—		—		17,916,914		—			2,280
Stockholders' equity(2)		62,319,822		68,702,794		595,539		(9,961,870	)		18,244,968
Book value per outstanding common share	$	1.21	$	1.37	$	0.01	$	(0.46	)	$	0.98
Common shares outstanding		51,501,877		50,284,007		40,110,661		21,494,696			18,710,002

(1)

Decrease in loss in 2015 and 2014 reflects a significant decrease in research and development expenses associated with completion of clinical trials for Triferic® and elimination of interest expense in 2015 following repayment of our long term indebtedness.

(2)

There were no cash dividends paid during the periods presented. Stockholders' equity reflects the proceeds of public and private offerings in 2014, 2013 and 2012.

33

Item 7.    Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Overview and Recent Developments

        Rockwell is a fully-integrated pharmaceutical company targeting end-stage renal disease and chronic kidney disease with innovative products and services for the treatment of iron deficiency, secondary hyperparathyroidism and hemodialysis. We are also an established manufacturer and leader in delivering high-quality hemodialysis concentrates/dialysates to dialysis providers and distributors in the United States and abroad.

        Our business focus is on unique, proprietary renal drug therapies. These novel renal drug therapies support disease management initiatives to improve the quality of life and care of dialysis patients and are designed to deliver safe and effective therapy, while decreasing drug administration costs and improving patient convenience and outcome.

        Our strategy is to develop high potential drugs while expanding our dialysis products business. In January 2015, we received FDA approval to market Triferic® our lead branded drug. Based on our clinical trial results, we believe Triferic® has the potential to capture significant market share due to its unique attributes and clinical benefits, including savings on nursing administration time, potential to reduce expensive ESA treatments and excellent safety profile. Triferic® has a unique mode of action and has proven to be both safe and effective in iron replacement and maintenance of hemoglobin.

        In 2015, we had revenue of $55.4 million, an increase of 2.1% or $1.2 million over 2014. All of our revenue in 2014 and nearly all of our revenue in 2015 was from our dialysis concentrate business. We supply approximately 25% of the United States domestic market with dialysis concentrates and we also supply dialysis concentrates to distributors serving a number of foreign countries, primarily in the Americas and the Pacific Rim.

        We obtained FDA approval to market Triferic® in January 2015 and commenced our marketing efforts following approval. After building sufficient inventory to support our product launch, we offered Triferic® commercially in September 2015. Triferic® sales and marketing efforts have been directed to providers controlling the vast majority of dialysis patients. The Triferic® sales cycle is progressing in a manner and time frame consistent with the Company's prior experiences with its other product launches in the renal market. Several providers have agreed to initiate pilot studies of Triferic® and we anticipate these pilot programs will provide the basis for future adoption. Triferic® sales in 2015 were not material.

        Our global strategy is to out-license Triferic® for key international markets. We are actively pursuing the international development and licensing of Triferic® in targeted markets and regions. We recently completed a licensing agreement and product supply agreement for China. We are in discussions and negotiations regarding a number of other significant renal markets.

        In addition to marketing Triferic®, we are working to produce sufficient inventory to begin marketing Calcitriol, our generic injectable Vitamin-D analogue. We are dependent upon contract manufacturing organizations to manufacture Calcitriol for us. We expect to begin marketing Calcitriol as soon as inventory levels are at an adequate level to ensure sufficient supply.

        In October 2014, we entered into the Distribution Agreement with Baxter, a leading global dialysis products supplier, to exclusively distribute our dialysis concentrates in the United States and certain foreign markets. The Distribution Agreement does not include our drug products. Under the Distribution Agreement, we are the exclusive third party supplier of dialysis concentrates to Baxter in the United States. Rockwell receives a pre-defined gross profit margin on its products sold through Baxter which adjusts each year over the ten year term of the agreement and is subject to an annual true-up. Baxter must achieve certain growth targets to maintain its exclusivity under the agreement. This Distribution Agreement relates solely to our dialysis concentrate business and excludes any future

34

drug related business. For a more detailed description of the Distribution Agreement, see "Item 1—Business—Distribution Agreement with Baxter. We expect the distribution relationship with Baxter under the Distribution Agreement to have a generally positive impact on our operating profit. Our operating costs are expected to decrease and operating income should improve. Initially, our sales will decrease, partially offset by the portion of the $20 million license fee received from Baxter that is being recognized as revenue over the term of the Distribution Agreement. Going forward over time, we expect our overall domestic and global concentrate sales to increase as a result of Baxter's expanded marketing reach, coupled with the anticipated expansion of our manufacturing operations in the Western United States.

Results of Operations

For the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to the year ended December 31, 2014

Sales

        In 2015, our sales were $55.4 million compared to $54.2 million in 2014 an increase of $1.2 million or 2.1%. Our domestic concentrate business sales increased 4.2% or $1.9 million in 2015 compared to 2014. We launched Triferic® in late September 2015 and our net sales of Triferic® were $0.2 million for 2015. Our international concentrate sales increased 1.3% or $0.1 million in 2015 over 2014. Our net revenue from third party contract manufacturing decreased $1.0 million in 2015 compared to 2014 following cessation of contract manufacturing for a certain non-hemodialysis customer.

        As a result of our Distribution Agreement with Baxter, all domestic customer contracts for concentrate products that permitted assignment to Baxter without consent have been assigned to Baxter throughout 2015. Baxter subsequently began to invoice those customers following assignment. Our 2015 sales largely reflect the lower distributor prices paid by Baxter, such that our sales are lower on those accounts billed by Baxter than they were historically. Our 2015 sales were favorably impacted by the recognition of deferred license revenue under the Distribution Agreement of $2.1 million in 2015 compared to $0.5 million in 2014.

Gross Profit

        Our gross profit was $8.9 million in 2015, an increase of $0.4 million or 4.6% compared to 2014. Gross profit margins were 16.1% in 2015 compared to 15.8% in 2014. Gross profit was favorably impacted by recognition of deferred license revenue under the Distribution Agreement of $2.1 million in 2015 compared to $0.5 million in 2014. Gross Profit was negatively impacted by lower sales on those accounts billed by Baxter following assumption of billing by Baxter.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

        Selling, general and administrative expenses were $19.0 million in 2015 compared to $18.3 million in 2014. The increase of $0.7 million was primarily due to an increase in marketing expenses related to Triferic® of $1.0 million. Total compensation including direct pay and equity compensation decreased $0.4 million.

Research and Development

        We incurred product development and research costs related to the commercial development, patent approval and regulatory approval of new products, primarily Triferic®, aggregating approximately $5.0 million and $7.8 million in 2015 and 2014, respectively. Costs incurred in 2014 were mostly related to Triferic® and primarily for regulatory approval of Triferic® while spending in 2015 included costs related to peritoneal dialysis, an orphan indication for Triferic®, pediatric indications of Triferic®, additional presentations of Triferic® and other testing and development costs.

35

Interest Expense, Net

        Our net interest income was $0.7 million compared to a net interest expense of $3.8 million in 2014. The $4.5 million net increase in net interest income over interest expense was due to the repayment of all of our outstanding loan balance in the fourth quarter of 2014. We did not have any long term debt or loans outstanding as of December 31, 2015 or December 31, 2014.

Income Tax Expense

        We have substantial tax loss carryforwards from our earlier losses. We have not recorded a federal income tax benefit from either our prior losses or our current year losses because we might not realize the carryforward benefit of the remaining losses.

For the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the year ended December 31, 2013

Sales

        In 2014, our sales were $54.2 million compared to $52.4 million in 2013 an increase of $1.8 million or 3.5%.

        Domestic sales increased $1.1 million or 2.5% and international sales increased $0.7 million or 10.4%.

        The growth in and conversion to our higher margin CitraPure dry acid concentrate product line contributed to improving gross profit margin while moderating the sales increase. CitraPure products represented 63.5% of gallons sold in 2014 compared to 32.5% in 2013.

        International sales and domestic sales shipped internationally increased due to increased demand in international markets for dialysis products.

Gross Profit

        Our gross profit was $8.5 million in 2014, an increase of $1.9 million or 28.3% compared to 2013. Gross profit margins were 15.8% in 2014 compared to 12.7% in 2013. The increase in gross profit was primarily due to the favorable impact of higher sales of our higher margin CitraPure product lines, strong sales of other higher margin products, a more favorable customer profile and our efforts to reduce operating and distribution costs. We also realized approximately $0.3 million in additional gross profit as a result of the execution of the Distribution Agreement with Baxter in the fourth quarter of 2014.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

        Selling, general and administrative expenses were $18.3 million in 2014 compared to $14.3 million in 2013. The increase of $4.0 million was primarily due to an increase of $2.4 million in non-cash equity compensation expenses, increased cash compensation of $0.6 million and increased marketing, legal and regulatory expenses related to Triferic® of $0.6 million.

Research and Development

        We incurred product development and research costs related to the commercial development, patent approval and regulatory approval of new products, primarily Triferic®, aggregating approximately $7.8 million and $39.4 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively. Costs incurred in 2014 were mostly related to Triferic® and primarily for regulatory approval of Triferic®, which the FDA approved in January 2015. Spending in 2014 also included costs for the completion of the Triferic® clinical program. Costs incurred in 2013 were primarily for conducting human clinical trials of Triferic® and other Triferic® testing and development activities.

36

Interest Expense, Net

        Our net interest expense was $3.8 million in 2014 compared to $1.7 million in 2013. The increase in net interest expense was due to the loan agreement entered into in June 2013. We fully paid off that loan in the fourth quarter of 2014, which included a $1.1 million end of term fee and have no remaining debt as of December 31, 2014. The end of term fee was being recognized over the term of the loan and the remaining unamortized portion was recognized as interest expense upon termination of the loan.

Income Tax Expense

        We have substantial tax loss carryforwards from our earlier losses. We have not recorded a federal income tax benefit from either our prior losses or our current year losses because we might not realize the carryforward benefit of the remaining losses.

Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments

        Our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These accounting principles require us to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets, liabilities, and contingencies. All significant estimates, judgments and assumptions are developed based on the best information available to us at the time made and are regularly reviewed and updated when necessary. Actual results will generally differ from these estimates. Changes in estimates are reflected in our financial statements in the period of change based upon on-going actual experience, trends, or subsequent realization depending on the nature and predictability of the estimates and contingencies.

        Interim changes in estimates are generally applied prospectively within annual periods. Certain accounting estimates, including those concerning revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, impairments of long-lived assets, and accounting for income taxes, are considered to be critical in evaluating and understanding our financial results because they involve inherently uncertain matters and their application requires the most difficult and complex judgments and estimates. These are described below. For further information on our accounting policies, see Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Revenue recognition

        We recognize revenue at the time we transfer title to our products to our customers consistent with generally accepted accounting principles. Our products are generally sold domestically on a delivered basis and as a result we do not recognize revenue until delivered to the customer with title transferring upon completion of the delivery. For our international sales, we recognize revenue upon the transfer of title as defined by standard shipping terms and conventions uniformly recognized in international trade.

        We recognize deferred license revenue received pursuant to our long-term Distribution Agreement with Baxter based on the proportion of product shipments to Baxter in each period to total expected sales volume for the term of the agreement. We also recognize delivery services and other administrative services provided under the Distribution Agreement as revenue at the time the services are provided.

Allowance for doubtful accounts

        Accounts receivable are stated at invoice amounts. The carrying amount of trade accounts receivable is reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts that reflects our best estimate of accounts

37

that may not be collected. We review outstanding trade account receivable balances and based on our assessment of expected collections, we estimate the portion, if any, of the balance that may not be collected as well as a general valuation allowance for other accounts receivable based primarily on historical experience. All accounts or portions thereof deemed to be uncollectible are written off to the allowance for doubtful accounts. If we underestimate the allowance, we would incur a current period expense which could have a material adverse effect on earnings.

Share Based Compensation

        We measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for equity awards, including stock options, based on the grant date fair value of the awards in accordance with ASC 718-10, Compensation—Stock Compensation. The cost of equity based compensation is recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period of the awards.

        We estimate the fair value of compensation involving stock options utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. This model requires the input of several factors such as the expected option term, expected volatility of our stock price over the expected option term, and an expected forfeiture rate, and is subject to various assumptions. We believe the valuation methodology is appropriate for estimating the fair value of stock options we grant to employees and directors which are subject to ASC 718-10 requirements. These amounts are estimates and thus may not be reflective of actual future results or amounts ultimately realized by recipients of these grants.

Impairments of long-lived assets

        We account for impairment of long-lived assets, which include property and equipment, amortizable and non-amortizable intangible assets and goodwill, in accordance with authoritative accounting pronouncements. An impairment review is performed annually or whenever a change in condition occurs which indicates that the carrying amounts of assets may not be recoverable. Such changes may include changes in our business strategies and plans, changes to our customer contracts, changes to our product lines and changes in our operating practices. We use a variety of factors to assess the realizable value of long-lived assets depending on their nature and use.

        Goodwill is not amortized; however, it must be tested for impairment at least annually. The goodwill impairment analysis is based on the fair market value of our common shares. Amortization continues to be recorded for other intangible assets with definite lives over the estimated useful lives. Intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for potential impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that carrying amounts may not be recoverable based on future cash flows. If we determine that goodwill has been impaired, the change in value will be accounted for as a current period expense and could have a material adverse effect on earnings.

Accounting for income taxes

        We estimate our income tax provision to recognize our tax expense and our deferred tax liabilities and assets for future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financial statements using current enacted tax laws. Deferred tax assets must be assessed based upon the likelihood of recoverability from future taxable income and to the extent that recovery is not likely, a valuation allowance is established. The allowance is regularly reviewed and updated for changes in circumstances that would cause a change in judgment about whether the related deferred tax asset may be realized. These calculations and assessments involve complex estimates and judgments because the ultimate tax outcome can be uncertain and future events unpredictable. If we determine that the deferred tax asset will be realized in the future, it may result in a material beneficial effect on earnings.

38

New Accounting Pronouncements

        In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which will supersede the current revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. The ASU is based on the principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The new guidance will be effective for the Company's year ending December 31, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. The ASU permits the new revenue recognition guidance to be applied using one of two retrospective application methods. The Company has not yet determined which application method it will use or the potential effects of the new standard on the financial statements, if any.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

        We have adequate capital resources and substantial liquidity to pursue our business strategy. In addition to operating our concentrate business, our strategy is centered on developing, marketing and licensing high potential drug candidates including Triferic®. We are actively selling and marketing Triferic® and made our first commercial sales of Triferic® late in 2015.

        As of December 31, 2015, we had current assets of $84.6 million and net working capital of $76.5 million. We have approximately $70.7 million in cash and investments as of December 31, 2015. Our uses of cash have primarily been for research and product development, investments in inventory to support our product launches and for operating expenses. Cash flow from operations used $16.2 million in 2015, which included research and development expenses of $5.0 million and an increase of $4.0 million in inventory levels. We also received $2.8 million from the exercise of stock options during 2015 and paid $2.9 million in taxes related to equity compensation in exchange for common shares retained by the Company. Our capital expenditures of $0.8 million in 2015 were approximately equivalent to our depreciation and amortization costs.

        We anticipate that we will increase our inventory and accounts receivable as we increase our drug product sales. We also expect to invest in research and product development in 2016 as we work to expand potential uses for Triferic®, although spending on these indications is not expected to be substantial in relation to research and development expenditures relating to the FDA approval of Triferic®. We believe that we have adequate capital resources to make these investments in accounts receivable, inventory and research and product development. We expect to generate positive cash flow from operations upon increased sales of our drug products.

        We have no long term debt as of December 31, 2015 and do not expect to incur interest expense in 2016.

        We are in the process of evaluating a potential expansion of our dialysis concentrate business to the western region of the United States where we currently have only a very minor presence. Under the terms of our Distribution Agreement, capital spending related to such an expansion would be funded through payments by Baxter of $5 million upon commencement of construction and up to $5 million following completion. Other capital expenditures on our current facilities are not expected to materially exceed depreciation expense. We intend to source our drug products from contract manufacturing organizations.

        Our research and development expenses were reduced significantly following the completion of the clinical program for Triferic® and FDA approval of Triferic® Future research and product development

39

spending on the Triferic®platform is expected to include clinical testing in connection with peritoneal dialysis, an orphan drug indication, pediatric indications and certain other indications. Future spending on such indications is expected to be minor in relation to the Company's cash resources. Our expected future cash investment for product launches is expected to be primarily related to inventory and accounts receivables in the near term.

        The Company is in discussions with multiple potential business development partners to out-license rights to Rockwell's products outside the United States. Such licensing arrangements often include upfront fees, developmental milestone payments and royalties. If such licensing arrangements are negotiated for certain markets, we may receive such consideration in the future in addition to those we are already entitled to receive under existing agreements including our recently completed licensing agreement for China. Under the Wanbang Agreement we received $4 million in February 2016 and up to an additional $35 million over the life of the agreement plus ongoing earnings on product sales. We are also considering other business development arrangements including joint ventures, partnerships and other transactions related to our products or other future products that we may develop or license.

Contractual Obligations

        The following table details our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2015:

	Payments due by period
Contractual Obligations	Total		Less than 1 year		1 - 3 years		3 - 5 years		More than 5 years
Operating leases	$	7,817,512		2,000,012		3,607,792		1,923,148		286,560
Purchase obligations		—		—		—		—		—
All other long term liabilities		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	7,817,512	$	2,000,012	$	3,607,792	$	1,923,148	$	286,560

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

        We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our financial condition.

Item 7A.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

Interest Rate Risk

        We have invested $39.5 million in available for sale securities that are invested in short term bond funds which typically yield higher returns than the interest realized in money market funds. While these funds hold bonds of short term duration, their market value is affected by changes in interest rates. Increases in interest rates will reduce the market value of bonds held in these funds and we may incur unrealized losses from the reduction in market value of the fund. If we liquidate our position in these funds, those unrealized losses may result in realized losses which may or may not exceed the interest and dividends earned from those funds. However, due to the short duration of these short term bond fund portfolios, we do not believe that a hypothetical 100 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates will have a material impact on the value of our investment portfolio.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

        Our international business is conducted in U.S. dollars. It has not been our practice to hedge the risk of appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the predominant currencies of our trading partners. We have no significant foreign currency exposure to foreign supplied materials, and an immediate 10%

40

strengthening or weakening of the U.S. dollar would not have a material impact on our shareholders' equity or net income.

Item 8.    Financial Statements.

        The Consolidated Financial Statements of the Registrant and other information required by this item are set forth on pages F-1 through F-27 and incorporated herein by reference.

Item 9.    Changes In and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

        None.

Item 9A.    Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

        We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure material information required to be disclosed in our reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required financial disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, we recognized that a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected. Management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

        As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

        Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. We maintain internal control over financial reporting designed to provide reasonable, but not absolute, assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

        Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Therefore, internal control over financial reporting determined to be effective provides only reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

        Under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, management evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015. In making its assessment of internal control over financial reporting, management used the criteria described in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework

41

issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Our evaluation included documenting, evaluating and testing of the design and operating effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Based on this evaluation, we concluded that the Company's internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2015.

        Plante & Moran, PLLC, an independent registered public accounting firm, as auditors of our consolidated financial statements, has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015. Plante & Moran, PLLC's report, which expresses an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, is included herein.

Changes in Internal Controls

        There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the Company's evaluation of such internal controls that occurred during our fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2015 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B.    Other Information.

        None.

42

PART III

Item 10.    Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

        The required information will be contained in the Proxy Statement under the captions "Election of Directors" and "Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" and (excluding the Report of the Audit Committee) is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 11.    Executive Compensation.

        The required information will be contained in the Proxy Statement under the captions "Compensation of Executive Officers and Directors," and "Compensation Committee" and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12.    Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

        The required information will be contained in the Proxy Statement under the caption "Voting Securities and Principal Holders" and is incorporated herein by reference.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

        The following table summarizes our compensation plans, including individual compensation arrangements, under which our equity securities are authorized for issuance as of December 31, 2015:

Plan Category	Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights		Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights		Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a))
	(a)		(b)		(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders		7,759,002	$	7.84		504,027
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders		—		—		—
Total		7,759,002	$	7.84		504,027

Item 13.    Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence.

        The required information will be contained in the Proxy Statement under the captions "Independence" and "Related Party Transactions" and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14.    Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

        The required information will be contained in the Proxy Statement under the caption "Independent Accountants" and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 15.    Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

(a)    The financial statements and schedule filed herewith are set forth on the Index to Financial Statements and Schedule of the separate financial section of this annual report, which is incorporated herein by reference.

43

(b)   Exhibits

        The following documents are filed as part of this report or were previously filed and incorporated herein by reference to the filing indicated. Exhibits not required for this report have been omitted. Our Commission file number is 000-23661.

3.1	Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended as of May 1, 2013. (Company's Form 10-Q filed May 8, 2013).
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws (Company's Form 8-K filed November 25, 2008).
*10.1	Rockwell Medical, Inc. 1997 Stock Option Plan (Company's Proxy Statement filed April 17, 2006).
10.4	Licensing Agreement between the Company and Charak LLC and Dr. Ajay Gupta dated January 7, 2002 (with certain portions of the exhibit redacted pursuant to a confidential treatment order) (Company's Form 10-KSB filed April 1, 2002).
10.11	Amending Agreement made the 16th day of January, 2006, by and between Dr. Ajay Gupta, Charak LLC and Rockwell Medical, Inc. (Company's Form 10-KSB filed March 31, 2006).
*10.20	Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (Director Version) (Company's Form 8-K filed December 20, 2007).
*10.21	Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (Employee Version) (Company's Form 8-K filed December 20, 2007).
*10.43	Form of Amendment to 2010 Restricted Stock Award Agreement as of March 7, 2012 with Robert L. Chioini, Thomas E. Klema, and Dr. Ajay Gupta (Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 7, 2012).
*10.44	Form of Amendment to 2008 Restricted Stock Award Agreement as of May 14, 2012 with Robert L. Chioini and Thomas E. Klema (Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated May16, 2012).
*10.46	Form of restricted stock award agreement (Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 14, 2012).
*10.47	Form of Amendment to 2010 Restricted Stock Award Agreement as of August 3, 2012 with Robert L. Chioini, Thomas E. Klema, and Dr. Ajay Gupta (Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 3, 2012).
*10.54	Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement June 2013 (Executive Version) (Company's Form 10-Q filed May 12, 2014).
10.55	First Amended and Restated Products Purchase Agreement dated May 8, 2013, by and between Rockwell Medical, Inc. and DaVita Healthcare Partners, Inc. (with certain portions redacted pursuant to a confidential treatment order) (Company's Form 10-Q filed August 1, 2013).
10.57	Exclusive Distribution Agreement, dated as of October 2, 2014, between the Company and Baxter Healthcare Corporation (with certain portions redacted pursuant to a confidential treatment order) (Company's Form 10-K filed March 3, 2015).
10.58	Investment Agreement, dated as of October 2, 2014, between the Company and Baxter Healthcare Corporation (Company's Form 10-K filed March 3, 2015)..
*10.59	Amendment to October 1, 2014 Stock Option Agreement with Robert L. Chioini (Company's Form 10-K filed March 3, 2015)..

44

*10.60	Rockwell Medical, Inc. Amended and Restated 2007 Long Term Incentive Plan, as amended effective May 21, 2015 (Company's Proxy Statement for the 2015 Annual Meeting of Shareholders filed on April 13, 2015).
*10.61	Amendment to October 2, 2015 Stock Option Agreement with Robert L. Chioini.
*10.62	Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement October 2015 (Director Version)
14.1	Rockwell Medical, Inc. Code of Ethics (Company's Proxy Statement filed April 23, 2004).
21.1	List of Subsidiaries (Company's Form SB-2 (file No. 333-31991)).
23.1	Consent of Plante & Moran, PLLC.
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).
32.1	Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101. INS	XBRL Instance Document
101. SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Database
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

*

Current management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements.

45

SIGNATURES

        Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. (Registrant)
By:	/s/ ROBERT L. CHIOINI Robert L. Chioini President and Chief Executive Officer
Date:	February 29, 2016

        Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

SIGNATURE	TITLE	DATE
/s/ ROBERT L. CHIOINI Robert L. Chioini	President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)	February 29, 2016
/s/ THOMAS E. KLEMA Thomas E. Klema	Vice President of Finance, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)	February 29, 2016
/s/ KENNETH L. HOLT Kenneth L. Holt	Director	February 29, 2016
/s/ RONALD D. BOYD Ronald D. Boyd	Director	February 29, 2016
/s/ PATRICK J. BAGLEY Patrick J. Bagley	Director	February 29, 2016

46

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

		PAGE
I.	Consolidated Financial Statements for Rockwell Medical, Inc. and Subsidiary
	Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	F-2 - F-3
	Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2015 and 2014	F-4
	Consolidated Income Statement for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013	F-5
	Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013	F-6
	Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013	F-7
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013	F-8
	Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements	F-9 - F-27
II.	Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts	S-1

F-1

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders
Rockwell Medical, Inc. and Subsidiary

        We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Rockwell Medical, Inc. and Subsidiary (the Company) as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2015. Our audits also included the related Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts. These financial statements and related schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and related schedule based on our audits.

        We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

        In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Rockwell Medical, Inc. and Subsidiary at December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2015, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

        The related Schedule II has been subjected to audit procedures performed in conjunction with the audit of the Company's financial statements. This schedule is the responsibility of the Company's management. Our audit procedures included determining whether the schedule reconciles to the financial statements or the underlying accounting and other records, as applicable, and performing procedures to test the completeness and accuracy of the information presented in the schedule. In forming our opinion on this schedule, we evaluated whether the schedule, including its form and content, is presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. In our opinion, this schedule is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the financial statements as a whole.

        We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Rockwell Medical, Inc. and Subsidiary's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 29, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ Plante & Moran, PLLC

Auburn Hills, Michigan
February 29, 2016

F-2

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders
Rockwell Medical, Inc. and Subsidiary

        We have audited Rockwell Medical, Inc. and Subsidiary's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

        We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

        A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

        Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

        In our opinion, Rockwell Medical, Inc. and Subsidiary maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

        We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Rockwell Medical, Inc. and Subsidiary (the Company) as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2015 and related schedule and our report dated February 29, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Plante & Moran, PLLC

Auburn Hills, Michigan
February 29, 2016

F-3

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

As of December 31, 2015 and 2014

	December 31, 2015			December 31, 2014
ASSETS
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	31,198,182		$	65,800,451
Investments Available for Sale		39,482,732			19,927,310
Accounts Receivable, net of a reserve of $75,000 in 2015 and $52,000 in 2014		5,046,733			4,472,002
Inventory		7,871,780			3,920,185
Other Current Assets		1,026,889			587,201
Total Current Assets		84,626,316			94,707,149
Property and Equipment, net		1,646,568			1,496,912
Intangible Assets		165,657			332,686
Goodwill		920,745			920,745
Other Non-current Assets		462,839			542,224
Total Assets	$	87,822,125		$	97,999,716
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Accounts Payable	$	3,995,216		$	5,294,515
Accrued Liabilities		3,831,356			4,325,997
Customer Deposits		264,879			183,890
Total Current Liabilities		8,091,451			9,804,402
Deferred License Revenue		17,410,852			19,492,520
Shareholders' Equity:
Common Shares, no par value, 51,501,877 and 50,284,007 shares issued and outstanding		257,773,494			249,018,189
Accumulated Deficit		(194,538,176	)		(180,117,726	)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		(915,496	)		(197,669	)
Total Shareholders' Equity		62,319,822			68,702,794
Total Liabilities And Shareholders' Equity	$	87,822,125		$	97,999,716

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-4

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS

For The Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013

	2015			2014			2013
Sales	$	55,350,702		$	54,188,444		$	52,379,543
Cost of Sales		46,412,848			45,643,231			45,720,323
Gross Profit		8,937,854			8,545,213			6,659,220
Selling, General and Administrative		19,078,867			18,320,720			14,336,449
Research and Product Development		4,961,313			7,783,594			39,382,037
Operating Income (Loss)		(15,102,326	)		(17,559,101	)		(47,059,266	)
Interest and Investment Income		681,876			386,257			98,101
Interest (Expense)		—			(4,154,313	)		(1,822,147	)
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes		(14,420,450	)		(21,327,157	)		(48,783,312	)
Income Tax Expense		—			—			—
Net Income (Loss)	$	(14,420,450	)	$	(21,327,157	)	$	(48,783,312	)
Basic And Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share	$	(0.29	)	$	(0.52	)	$	(1.48	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-5

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

For The Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013

	2015			2014			2013
Net Income (Loss)	$	(14,420,450	)	$	(21,327,157	)	$	(48,783,312	)
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Available-for-Sale Investments		(717,827	)		(230,088	)		32,419
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$	(15,138,277	)	$	(21,557,245	)	$	(48,750,893	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-6

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

For The Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013

	COMMON SHARES						PURCHASE WARRANTS									ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
													ACCUMULATED DEFICIT						TOTAL SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY
	SHARES			AMOUNT			WARRANTS			AMOUNT
Balance as of December 31, 2012		21,494,696		$	92,866,458			2,233,240		$	7,178,929		$	(110,007,257	)	$	—		$	(9,961,870	)
Net Loss														(48,783,312	)					(48,783,312	)
Unrealized Gain on Available-for-Sale Investments																	32,419			32,419
Issuance of Common Shares		18,285,132			50,431,250															50,431,250
Shares Issued in Exchange for Services		200,000			780,678															780,678
Exercise of Purchase Warrants		130,833			1,593,003			(130,833	)		(428,021	)								1,164,982
Expiration of Purchase Warrants					2,937,293			(1,119,336	)		(2,937,293	)								—
Purchase Warrants Expense											1,082,196									1,082,196
Stock Option Based Expense					3,887,695															3,887,695
Restricted Stock Amortization					1,961,501															1,961,501
Balance as of December 31, 2013		40,110,661			154,457,878			983,071			4,895,811			(158,790,569	)		32,419			595,539
Net Loss														(21,327,157	)					(21,327,157	)
Unrealized Gain on Available-for-Sale Investments																	(230,088	)		(230,088	)
Issuance of Common Shares		9,268,460			71,136,487															71,136,487
Exercise of Purchase Warrants		904,886			13,329,138			(983,071	)		(4,895,811	)								8,433,327
Stock Option Based Expense					4,597,412															4,597,412
Restricted Stock Amortization					5,497,274															5,497,274
Balance as of December 31, 2014		50,284,007			249,018,189			-0-			-0-			(180,117,726	)		(197,669	)		68,702,794
Net Loss														(14,420,450	)					(14,420,450	)
Unrealized (Loss) on Available-for-Sale Investments																	(717,827	)		(717,827	)
Issuance of Common Shares		1,644,248			4,132,250															4,132,250
Stock Option Based Expense					5,193,481															5,193,481
Stock Tendered in Satisfaction of Tax Liabilities		(426,378	)		(4,264,922	)														(4,264,922	)
Restricted Stock Amortization					3,694,496															3,694,496
Balance as of December 31, 2015		51,501,877		$	257,773,494			—		$	—		$	(194,538,176	)	$	(915,496	)	$	62,319,822

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-7

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013

	2015			2014			2013
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net (Loss)	$	(14,420,450	)	$	(21,327,157	)	$	(48,783,312	)
Adjustments To Reconcile Net Loss To Net Cash Used In
Operating Activities:
Depreciation and Amortization		822,294			996,321			1,007,411
Share Based Compensation—Non-employee		—			—			1,862,874
Share Based Compensation—Employees		8,887,977			10,094,685			5,849,196
Restricted Stock Retained in Satisfaction of Tax Liabilities		(2,912,859	)		—			—
Loss on Disposal of Assets		5,281			7,338			16,410
Loss on Sale of Investments Available for Sale		58,095			1,223			—
Amortization of Debt Issuance Costs		—			882,716			227,059
Non-Cash Interest Expense		—			874,942			225,059
Changes in Assets and Liabilities:
(Increase) Decrease in Accounts Receivable		(574,731	)		106,317			(146,387	)
(Increase) in Inventory		(3,951,595	)		(1,120,537	)		(150,009	)
(Increase) Decrease in Other Assets		(360,303	)		(13,466	)		669,896
(Decrease) in Accounts Payable		(1,299,299	)		(3,391,638	)		(6,147,412	)
(Decrease) in Other Liabilities		(413,652	)		(2,345,486	)		(5,295,738	)
Deferred Distribution Agreement Income		—			20,000,000			—
Recognized Distribution Agreement Income		(2,081,668	)		(507,480	)		—
Changes in Assets and Liabilities		(8,681,248	)		12,727,710			(11,069,650	)
Cash (Used In) Provided By Operating Activities		(16,240,910	)		4,257,778			(50,664,953	)
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Purchase of Investments Available for Sale		(21,800,000	)		(13,100,000	)		(12,002,203	)
Sale of Investments Available for Sale		1,468,656			4,976,000			—
Purchase of Equipment		(815,002	)		(684,593	)		(654,197	)
Proceeds on Sale of Assets		4,800			—			6,898
Cash (Used) In Investing Activities		(21,141,546	)		(8,808,593	)		(12,649,502	)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Shares and Purchase Warrants		2,780,187			79,569,815			51,596,232
Proceeds from the Issuance of Notes Payable		—			—			20,000,000
Debt Issuance Costs		—			—			(1,109,776	)
Payments on Notes Payable and Capital Lease Obligations		—			(21,100,000	)		(2,280	)
Cash Provided By Financing Activities		2,780,187			58,469,815			70,484,176
(Decrease) Increase In Cash		(34,602,269	)		53,919,000			7,169,721
Cash At Beginning Of Period		65,800,451			11,881,451			4,711,730
Cash At End Of Period	$	31,198,182		$	65,800,451		$	11,881,451

        Supplemental Cash Flow Information:

	2015		2014		2013
Interest Paid	$	-0-	$	3,518,168	$	1,154,752

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements

F-8

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

        Rockwell Medical, Inc. and Subsidiary (collectively, "we", "our", "us", or the "Company") is a fully-integrated pharmaceutical company targeting end-stage renal disease and chronic kidney disease with innovative products and services for the treatment of iron deficiency, secondary hyperparathyroidism and hemodialysis. We are also an established manufacturer and leader in delivering high-quality hemodialysis concentrates/dialysates to dialysis providers and distributors in the United States and abroad.

        We are currently developing unique, proprietary renal drug therapies. These novel renal drug therapies support disease management initiatives to improve the quality of life and care of dialysis patients and are designed to deliver safe and effective therapy, while decreasing drug administration costs and improving patient convenience and outcome. We have obtained global licenses for certain dialysis related drugs which we are developing and planning to market.

        We manufacture, sell and distribute hemodialysis concentrates and other ancillary medical products and supplies used in the treatment of patients with End Stage Renal Disease, or "ESRD". We supply our products to medical service providers who treat patients with kidney disease. Our products are used to cleanse patients' blood and replace nutrients lost during the kidney dialysis process. We primarily sell our products in the United States.

        We are regulated by the Federal Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") under the Federal Drug and Cosmetics Act, as well as by other federal, state and local agencies. We obtained FDA approval of Triferic®, our branded dialysis iron maintenance therapy drug, in January 2015 and sales began in September 2015. We have also received 510(k) approval from the FDA to market hemodialysis solutions and powders and to sell our Dri-Sate Dry Acid Concentrate product line and Dri-Sate Mixer.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

        Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts for our wholly owned subsidiary, Rockwell Transportation, Inc.

        All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Revenue Recognition

        We recognize revenue at the time we transfer title to our products to our customers consistent with generally accepted accounting principles. Generally, we recognize revenue when our products are delivered to our customer's location consistent with our terms of sale. We recognize revenue for international shipments when title has transferred consistent with standard terms of sale.

        The initial payment of $20 million received pursuant to our long-term Exclusive Distribution Agreement (the "Distribution Agreement") with Baxter Healthcare Corporation ("Baxter") in October 2014 has been accounted for as deferred license revenue. Deferred license revenue is being recognized based on the proportion of product shipments to Baxter in each period to total expected sales volume for the term of the agreement. We also recognize delivery services and other administrative services provided under the Distribution Agreement as revenue at the time the services are provided.

        We require certain customers, mostly international customers, to pay for product prior to the transfer of title to the customer. Deposits received from customers and payments in advance for orders

F-9

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

are recorded as liabilities under Customer Deposits until such time as orders are filled and title transfers to the customer consistent with our terms of sale. At December 31, 2015 and 2014 we had customer deposits of $264,879 and $183,890, respectively.

Shipping and Handling Revenue and Costs

        Our products are generally priced on a delivered basis with the price of delivery included in the overall price of our products which is reported as sales. Separately identified freight and handling charges are also included in sales.

        We include shipping and handling costs, including expenses of Rockwell Transportation, Inc., in cost of sales.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

        We consider cash on hand, money market funds and unrestricted certificates of deposit with an original maturity of 90 days or less as cash and cash equivalents.

Investments Available for Sale

        Investments Available for Sale are short-term investments, consisting principally of investments in short term duration bond funds, and are stated at fair value based upon observed market prices (Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy). Unrealized holding gains or losses on these securities are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Realized gains and losses, including declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary on available-for-sale securities are included as a component of other income or expense.

        Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI") on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when conditions warrant such an evaluation. When evaluating investment securities, consideration is given to the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and whether the Company has the intent to sell the security or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before its anticipated recovery. The assessment of whether an OTTI exists involves a high degree of subjectivity and judgment and is based on the information available to management at a point in time.

Accounts Receivable

        Accounts receivable are stated at invoice amounts. The carrying amount of trade accounts receivable is reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts that reflects our best estimate of accounts that may not be collected. We review outstanding trade accounts receivable balances and based on our assessment of expected collections, we estimate the portion, if any, of the balance that may not be collected as well as a general valuation allowance for other accounts receivable based primarily on historical experience. All accounts or portions thereof deemed to be uncollectible are written off to the allowance for doubtful accounts.

Inventory

        Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined on the first-in first-out (FIFO) method.

F-10

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Property and Equipment

        Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Expenditures for normal maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Property and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line method over their useful lives, which range from three to ten years. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of their useful lives or the related lease term.

Licensing Fees

        License fees related to the technology, intellectual property and marketing rights for dialysate iron covered under certain issued patents have been capitalized and are being amortized over the life of the related patents which is generally 17 years.

Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Long Lived Assets

        The recorded amounts of goodwill and other intangibles from prior business combinations are based on management's best estimates of the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is not amortized; however, it must be tested for impairment at least annually. Amortization continues to be recorded for other intangible assets with definite lives over their estimated useful lives. Intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for potential impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that carrying amounts may not be recoverable.

        An impairment review of goodwill, intangible assets, and property and equipment is performed annually or whenever a change in condition occurs which indicates that the carrying amounts of assets may not be recoverable. Such changes may include changes in our business strategies and plans, changes to our customer contracts, changes to our product lines and changes in our operating practices. We use a variety of factors to assess the realizable value of long-lived assets depending on their nature and use.

        The useful lives of other intangible assets are based on management's best estimates of the period over which the assets are expected to contribute directly or indirectly to our future cash flows. Management annually evaluates the remaining useful lives of intangible assets with finite useful lives to determine whether events and circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining amortization periods. It is reasonably possible that management's estimates of the carrying amount of goodwill and the remaining useful lives of other intangible assets may change in the near term.

Debt Issuance Costs

        Debt issuance costs are capitalized and amortized over the term of the underlying debt instruments using the effective-interest rate method. Debt issuance costs are recorded as other assets.

Income Taxes

        We account for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-10, Income Taxes. A current tax liability or asset is recognized for the estimated taxes payable or refundable on tax returns for the year. Deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized for the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between book and tax accounting and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. A valuation allowance is established for deferred tax assets if we determine it to be more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

F-11

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

        The effects of tax positions are generally recognized in the financial statements consistent with amounts reflected in returns filed, or expected to be filed, with taxing authorities. For tax positions that the Company considers to be uncertain, current and deferred tax liabilities are recognized, or assets derecognized, when it is probable that an income tax liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability is reasonably estimable, or when it is probable that a tax benefit, such as a tax credit or loss carryforward, will be disallowed by a taxing authority. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits related to current tax positions is insignificant. The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense.

Research and Product Development

        We recognize research and product development costs as expenses as incurred. We incurred product development and research costs related to the commercial development, patent approval and regulatory approval of new products, including Triferic®, aggregating approximately $4,961,000, $7,784,000 and $39,382,000 in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Share Based Compensation

        We measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for equity awards, including stock options, based on the grant date fair value of the awards in accordance with ASC 718-10, Compensation—Stock Compensation. The cost of equity based compensation is recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period of the awards.

        We estimate the fair value of compensation involving stock options utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. This model requires the input of several factors such as the expected option term, expected volatility of our stock price over the expected option term, and an expected forfeiture rate, and is subject to various assumptions. We believe the valuation methodology is appropriate for estimating the fair value of stock options we grant to employees and directors which are subject to ASC 718-10 requirements. These amounts are estimates and thus may not be reflective of actual future results or amounts ultimately realized by recipients of these grants.

Employee Retirement Plans

        We are the sponsor of a non-contributory 401(k) Employee Savings Plan.

Earnings per Share

        We computed our basic earnings (loss) per share using weighted average shares outstanding for each respective period. Diluted earnings per share also reflect the weighted average impact from the date of issuance of all potentially dilutive securities, consisting of stock options and common share purchase warrants, unless inclusion would have had an anti-dilutive effect. Actual weighted average shares outstanding used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share were:

	2015		2014		2013
Basic Weighted Average Shares Outstanding		50,068,129		41,404,999		32,882,333
Effect of Dilutive Securities		-0-		-0-		-0-
Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding		50,068,129		41,404,999		32,882,333

F-12

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

        For 2015, 2014 and 2013, the dilutive effect of stock options, unvested restricted share grants and common share purchase warrants have not been included in the average shares outstanding for the calculation of diluted loss per share as the effect would be anti-dilutive as a result of our net loss in these periods. The table below summarizes potentially dilutive securities.

	2015	2014	2013
Stock Options	7,759,000	6,898,000	6,228,000
Range of Exercise Prices of Stock Options	$3.09 - $11.49	$3.09 - $10.20	$2.79 - $11.44
Unvested Restricted Common Shares	850,000	740,000	545,000
Common Share Purchase Warrants	None	None	983,071
Range of Exercise Prices of Warrants	n/a	n/a	$9.55 - $10.25

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

        Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenue, expenses, gains, and losses be included in net income. Certain changes in assets and liabilities, however, such as unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities, are reported as a direct adjustment to the equity section of the balance sheet. Such items, along with net income (loss), are considered components of comprehensive income (loss). Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) consists solely of unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investment securities.

Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements

        The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

New Accounting Pronouncements

        In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which will supersede the current revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. The ASU is based on the principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The new guidance will be effective for the Company's year ending December 31, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. The ASU permits the new revenue recognition guidance to be applied using one of two retrospective application methods. The Company has not yet determined which application method it will use or the potential effects of the new standard on the financial statements, if any.

F-13

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

3. FAIR MARKET VALUE MEASUREMENTS

        Accounting standards require certain assets and liabilities be reported at fair value in the financial statements and provides a framework for establishing that fair value. The framework for determining fair value is based on a hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value into three broad levels, which are described below:

Level 1:	Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for assets or liabilities. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs.
Level 2:	Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted in active markets, but corroborated by market data.
Level 3:	Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available. The fair value hierarchy gives the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.

        In determining fair value, we utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible as well as considering counterparty credit risk in its assessment of fair value. The following methods, assumptions, and valuation techniques were used to measure different financial assets and liabilities at fair value and in estimating its fair value disclosures for financial instruments.

        Cash and Cash Equivalents:    The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated statements of financial condition for cash and cash equivalents is deemed to approximate fair value

        Investment Securities:    Fair values for investment securities are determined by quoted market prices if available.

        Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities:    The fair value of trade receivables and payables approximate their carrying amounts due to the short duration before collection or payment.

        Based on the foregoing methods and assumptions, the carrying value and fair value of the Company's financial instruments other than trade receivables and payables are as follows (in thousands):

	Carrying value		Fair value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
As of December 31, 2015
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	31,198	$	31,198	$	31,198	$	—	$	—
Investment securities available for sale		39,483		39,483		39,483		—		—
As of December 31, 2014
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	65,800	$	65,800	$	65,800	$	—	$	—
Investment securities available for sale		19,927		19,927		19,927		—		—

        The Company also has certain non-financial assets that under certain conditions are subject to measurement at fair value on a non-recurring basis. No such measurements were required in 2015 or 2014.

F-14

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

4. INVESTMENTS IN AVAILABLE FOR SALE SECURITIES

        As of December 31, 2015, we held investments in available for sale securities in several short term bond funds. These funds generally held high credit quality short term debt instruments. These debt instruments were subject to changes in fair market value due to changes in interest rates. The market value of these investments was $39,482,732 as of December 31, 2015. In 2015, we purchased securities with a market value of $21,800,000 and had unrealized gains of $69,877 and unrealized losses of $985,373 as of December 31, 2015. In 2015, we sold securities with a market value of $1,468,656 with an average cost basis of $1,526,751. We realized losses of $58,095 from sales of available for sale securities.

        As of December 31, 2014, we held investments in available for sale securities in several short term bond funds. These funds generally held high credit quality short term debt instruments. These debt instruments were subject to changes in fair market value due to changes in interest rates. The market value of these investments was $19,927,310 as of December 31, 2014. In 2014, we purchased securities with a market value of $13,100,000 and had unrealized gains of $7,161 and unrealized losses of $204,830 as of December 31, 2014. In 2014, we sold securities with a market value of $4,976,000 with an average cost basis of $4,977,223. We realized gains of $28,430 and losses of $29,653 from sales of available for sale securities.

5. SIGNIFICANT MARKET SEGMENTS

        We operate in one market segment, the hemodialysis market, which involves the manufacture, sale and distribution of hemodialysis products to hemodialysis clinics including pharmaceutical, dialysis concentrates, dialysis kits and other ancillary products used in the dialysis process. In October 2014, we entered into a Distribution Agreement with Baxter and under this agreement Baxter received exclusive distribution rights for our concentrate products in the United States. During 2015, Rockwell domestic customer contracts for the supply of dialysis concentrate products that permitted assignment to Baxter without consent have been assigned to Baxter. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2015, our direct sales to Baxter aggregated approximately 36% of sales and we had a receivable from Baxter of $2,088,000 as of December 31, 2015.

        For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, one customer, DaVita Healthcare Partners, Inc., accounted for 48% of our sales in 2015 and 49% of our sales in 2014 and 2013. Our accounts receivable from this customer were $2,156,000 and $2,041,000 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. DaVita and Baxter and the accounts administered by Baxter are important to our business, financial condition and results of operations. The loss of any significant accounts could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. No other customers accounted for more than 10% of our sales in any of the last three years.

        The majority of our international sales in each of the last three years were sales to domestic distributors that were resold to end users outside the United States. Our sales to foreign customers and distributors were less than 5% of our total sales in 2015, 2014 and 2013. Our total international sales, including sales to domestic distributors for resale outside the United States, aggregated 13%, 13% and 12%, of overall sales in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

6. DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT

        As of October 2, 2014, we entered into the Distribution Agreement with Baxter, pursuant to which Baxter became the Company's exclusive agent for sales, marketing and distribution activities for the

F-15

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

6. DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT (Continued)

Company's hemodialysis concentrate and ancillary products in the United States and various foreign countries for an initial term of 10 years. The Distribution Agreement does not include any of the Company's drug products. The Company will retain sales, marketing and distribution rights for its hemodialysis concentrate products in specified foreign countries in which the Company has an established commercial presence. During the term of the Distribution Agreement, Baxter has agreed not to manufacture or sell any competitive concentrate products in the United States hemodialysis market, other than specified products.

        Pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, Baxter paid the Company $20 million in cash in October 2014 (the "Upfront Fee"). The Upfront Fee has been deferred and will be recognized as revenue based on the proportion of product shipments to Baxter in each period to total expected sales volume over the term of the Distribution Agreement. The Company recognized revenue associated with the Upfront Fee totaling $2,081,668 for the year ended December 31, 2015 and $507,480 for the year ended December 31, 2014.

        Under the Distribution Agreement, Baxter will purchase products from the Company at established gross margin-based prices per unit, adjusted each year during the term. The Company will continue to manage customer service, transportation and certain other functions for its current customers on Baxter's behalf through at least December 31, 2017, in exchange for which Baxter will pay the Company an amount equal to the Company's related costs to provide such functions plus a slight mark-up.

        The Distribution Agreement also requires Baxter to meet minimum annual gallon-equivalent purchase levels, subject to a cure period and certain other relief, in order to maintain its exclusive distribution rights. The minimum purchase levels increase each year over the term of the Distribution Agreement. Orders in any contract year that exceed the minimum will be carried forward and applied to future years' minimum requirements. The Distribution Agreement also contains provisions governing the operating relationship between the parties, the Company's obligations to maintain specified manufacturing capacity and quality levels, remedies, as well as representations, warranties and indemnification obligations of the parties.

        Either party may terminate the Distribution Agreement upon the insolvency or material breach of the other party or in the event of a force majeure. In addition, Baxter may also terminate the Distribution Agreement at any time upon 270 days' prior written notice to the Company or if (1) prices increase beyond certain thresholds and notice is provided within 45 days after the true up payment is due for the year in which the price threshold is exceeded, (2) a change of control of the Company occurs and 270 days' notice is provided, or (3) upon written notice that Baxter has been enjoined by a court of competent jurisdiction from selling in the United States any product covered by the Distribution Agreement due to a claim of intellectual property infringement or misappropriation relating to such product. If Baxter terminates the Distribution Agreement under the discretionary termination or the price increase provisions, it would be subject to a limited non-compete obligation in the United States with respect to certain products for a period of two years.

        If a "Refund Trigger Event" occurs, the Company would be obligated to repay a portion of the Upfront Fee and Facility Fee (described below) as follows: 50% if the event occurs prior to December 31, 2016, 33% if the event occurs in 2017 or 2018, and 25% if the event occurs in 2019, 2020 or 2021. A "Refund Trigger Event" means any of the following: (1) a change of control of the Company involving any of certain specified companies; (2) a termination by Baxter due to the

F-16

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

6. DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT (Continued)

Company's bankruptcy or breach, or due to price increases that exceed the stated thresholds; (3) a termination by either party due to a force majeure; (4) settlement or adjudication of any claim, action or litigation relating to a covered product that materially and adversely affects Baxter's commercialization of the product; and (5) any regulatory action or ruling relating to a covered product that materially and adversely affects Baxter's commercialization of the product. In addition, if Baxter terminates the Distribution Agreement because Baxter has been enjoined by a court of competent jurisdiction from selling in the United States any product covered by the Distribution Agreement due to a claim of intellectual property infringement or misappropriation relating to such product prior to the end of 2018, Baxter would be entitled to a refund of up to $10 million, or $6.6 million if the termination occurs in 2019. In no event would Baxter be entitled to more than one refund payment.

        The Distribution Agreement also required the Company to prepay its outstanding secured long-term indebtedness within 180 days and prohibits the Company from entering into a subsequent contract encumbering the assets used in the Company's concentrate business without the prior written consent of Baxter.

        Baxter has also agreed to pay the Company $10 million (the "Facility Fee") to build and operate a new manufacturing facility located in the Pacific time zone to service customers in the Western United States. The Facility Fee will be reduced to the extent that the facility is not operational within 12 months after the start of construction. Except for any leased components, the Company will own the facility when completed.

        The Distribution Agreement may be extended an additional five years by Baxter if Baxter achieves a specified sales target and pays an extension fee of $7.5 million. If the first extension occurs, the Distribution Agreement term may later be extended an additional five years at Baxter's option at no additional cost.

7. INVENTORY

        Components of inventory as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

	2015		2014
Raw Materials	$	5,504,915	$	2,197,143
Work in Process		165,910		197,106
Finished Goods		2,200,955		1,525,936
Total	$	7,871,780	$	3,920,185

F-17

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

8. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

        Major classes of property and equipment, stated at cost, as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

	2015			2014
Leasehold Improvements	$	682,992		$	581,990
Machinery and Equipment		7,042,836			6,635,380
Information Technology & Office Equipment		2,273,289			2,163,945
Laboratory Equipment		668,607			594,946
Transportation Equipment		273,109			319,209
		10,940,833			10,295,470
Accumulated Depreciation		(9,294,265	)		(8,798,558	)
Net Property and Equipment	$	1,646,568		$	1,496,912

        Below is a summary of depreciation expense by period:

	2015		2014		2013
Depreciation expense	$	655,265	$	829,292	$	840,382

9. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

        Total goodwill was $920,745 at December 31, 2015 and 2014. We completed our annual impairment tests as of November 30, 2015 and 2014, and determined that no adjustment for impairment of goodwill was required.

        We have entered into a global licensing agreement for certain patents covering Triferic®, a therapeutic drug compound to be delivered using our dialysate product lines. We received FDA approval for this product in January 2015. We have capitalized the licensing fees paid for the rights to use this patented technology as an intangible asset.

        During 2011, we acquired an abbreviated new drug application ("ANDA") for a generic version of an intravenous vitamin-D analogue, Calcitriol. Total capitalized costs related to this ANDA were approximately $695,000. These costs are being amortized over a five year period.

	2015			2014			2013
Capitalized Licensing Fees	$	1,070,126		$	1,070,126		$	1,070,126
Accumulated Amortization		(904,469	)		(737,440	)		(570,411	)
Capitalized Licensing Fees, Net of Amortization	$	165,657		$	332,686		$	499,715
Amortization Expense	$	167,029		$	167,029		$	167,029

        Our policy is to amortize licensing fees over the life of the patents pertaining to certain licensing agreements. Estimated amortization expense for licensing fees for 2016 is approximately $166,000 per year. Our licensing agreement for Triferic® related patents, which is with a company owned by our chief scientific officer, requires additional payments by the Company upon achievement of certain milestones. In 2015, we recognized expenses related to milestone achievements of $275,000.

F-18

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

10. ACCRUED LIABILITIES

        We had the following accrued liabilities as of December 31, 2015 and 2014:

	2015		2014
Accrued Research & Development Expense	$	219,070	$	747,488
Accrued Compensation and Benefits		1,893,144		1,359,659
Other Accrued Liabilities		1,719,142		2,218,850
Total Accrued Liabilities	$	3,831,356	$	4,325,997

11. OPERATING LEASES

        We lease our production facilities and administrative offices as well as certain equipment used in our operations including leases on transportation equipment used in the delivery of our products. The lease terms range from monthly to seven years. We occupy a 51,000 square foot facility and a 17,500 square foot facility in Wixom, Michigan under a lease expiring in August 2018. We also occupy a 51,000 square foot facility in Grapevine, Texas under a lease expiring in December 2020. In addition, we lease a 57,000 square foot facility in Greer, South Carolina under a lease expiring February 2018.

	2015		2014		2013
Rent Expense Recognized Under Operating Leases	$	2,301,930	$	2,075,919	$	2,163,281

        Future minimum rental payments under operating lease agreements are as follows:

Year ending December 31, 2016	$	2,000,012
Year ending December 31, 2017		1,872,569
Year ending December 31, 2018		1,735,223
Year ending December 31, 2019		1,322,660
Year ending December 31, 2020		600,488
Year ending December 31, 2021 and thereafter		286,560
Total	$	7,817,512

12. INCOME TAXES

        A reconciliation of income tax expense at the statutory rate to income tax expense at our effective tax rate is as follows:

	2015			2014			2013
Tax Expense Computed at 34% of Pretax Income	$	(4,903,000	)	$	(7,251,000	)	$	(16,583,000	)
State Income Taxes		—			—			—
Effect of Change in Valuation Allowance		(4,903,000	)		(7,251,000	)		(16,583,000	)
Total Income Tax Expense	$	-0-		$	-0-		$	-0-

F-19

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

12. INCOME TAXES (Continued)

        The details of the net deferred tax asset are as follows:

	December 31,
	2015			2014
Deferred tax assets:
Net Operating Loss Carryforward	$	52,669,000		$	49,463,000
Stock Based Compensation		4,223,000			7,673,000
Deferred Revenue		5,920,000			6,627,000
General Business Credit		5,741,000			5,293,000
Accrued Expenses		511,000			393,000
Inventories		163,000			77,000
Book over Tax Depreciation		47,000			19,000
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts		26,000			18,000
Total Deferred Tax Assets		69,300,000			69,563,000
Deferred Tax Liabilities:
Goodwill & Intangible Assets		167,000			196,000
Prepaid Expenses		119,000			60,000
Total Deferred Tax Liabilities		286,000			256,000
Subtotal		69,014,000			69,307,000
Valuation Allowance		(69,014,000	)		(69,307,000	)
Net Deferred Tax Asset	$	-0-		$	-0-

        Deferred tax assets result primarily from net operating loss carryforwards. For tax purposes, we have net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $154,900,000 that expire between 2018 and 2035.

        In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. We recognized no income tax expense or benefit for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013. While we anticipate generating income within the next year or two, we expect to incur operating losses until our drug products are manufactured and marketed following FDA approval. Considered together with our limited history of operating income and our net losses in 2015, 2014 and 2013, management has placed a full valuation allowance against the net deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014. The portion of the valuation allowance resulting from excess tax benefits on share based compensation that would be credited directly to contributed capital if recognized in subsequent periods is $7.1 million.

        The Company accounts for its uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740-10, Income Taxes and the amount of unrecognized tax benefits related to tax positions is not significant at December 31, 2015 and 2014.

F-20

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

13. CAPITAL STOCK

        Our authorized capital stock consists of 2,000,000 preferred shares, none of which were issued or outstanding at December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, and 120,000,000 common shares, no par value per share, of which the following shares were outstanding:

	2015		2014		2013
Shares outstanding as of December 31,		51,501,877		50,284,007		40,110,661
Summary of Share Issuances:
Share Issuances related to Equity Compensation:
Shares issued upon exercise of stock options by employees		657,998		711,516		478,411
Proceeds realized from stock option exercises	$	2,780,188	$	2,964,445	$	766,926
Average exercise price of options exercised	$	4.23	$	4.17	$	1.60
Restricted Stock Grants		850,000		740,000		310,000
Share issuances related to Warrant Exercises
Shares issued upon the exercise of warrants		—		904,886		130,833
Proceeds realized from warrant exercises		—	$	8,433,045	$	1,164,982
Share issuances related to Equity Offerings
Shares issued pursuant to equity offerings		—		7,816,944		17,496,721
Proceeds realized from equity offerings		—	$	69,780,967	$	49,664,324
Share issuances in Exchange for Services
Share issuances in Exchange for Services		—		—		200,000
Value of Shares issued in Exchange for Services		—		—	$	780,678

Common Shares

        Holders of the common shares are entitled to one vote per share on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders and are entitled to receive dividends when and if declared by the Board of Directors. The Board is authorized to issue additional common shares within the limits of the Company's Articles of Incorporation without further shareholder action, subject to applicable stock exchange rules.

Warrants

        As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, we had no outstanding warrants. During 2014, we realized $8,433,045 in net proceeds from the exercise of 904,886 warrants at an average exercise price of $9.32.

        We had 983,071 common share purchase warrants outstanding at December 31, 2013, all of which were exercisable as of December 31, 2013. During 2013, we agreed to extend the term of 1,008,336 common share purchase warrants until July 31, 2013 and incurred an expense of $927,669 related to the extension of these warrants. Outstanding warrants as of December 31, 2013 consisted of 883,071 warrants with an exercise price of $9.55 expiring on October 5, 2014 and 100,000 warrants with an exercise price of $10.25 expiring on March 31, 2014.

        Warrants were valued using the Black Scholes model. In 2013, we recognized $1,082,196 in expense related to services and consideration provided in exchange for warrants.

F-21

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

14. LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS

Long Term Incentive Plan & Stock Options

        The Board of Directors adopted the Rockwell Medical, Inc., 2007 Long Term Incentive Plan ("LTIP") on April 11, 2007 as a replacement for the 1997 Stock Option Plan (the "Old Plan") which was terminated as to future grants. No options were granted under the Old Plan after 2006. There are 11,500,000 common shares reserved for issuance under the LTIP. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the "Committee") is responsible for the administration of the LTIP including the grant of stock based awards and other financial incentives including performance based incentives to employees, non-employee directors and consultants.

        The Committee determines the terms and conditions of options and other equity based incentives including, but not limited to, the number of shares, the exercise price, term of option and vesting requirements. The Committee approved stock option grants and restricted stock grants during 2015, 2014 and 2013. The stock option awards were granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company's stock on the date of the grant. The options expire 10 years from the date of grant or upon termination of employment and generally vest in three equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary of the date of grant.

Restricted Stock Grants

        We granted 850,000, 740,000 and 310,000 restricted shares in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively under the LTIP. These restricted stock grants were valued at the market price of our shares on the date of grant.

        During 2015, restricted stock grants aggregating 850,000 common shares were granted in October 2015 with a vesting date of approximately twenty months following the grant date. Vesting is conditioned upon continued employment with the Company.

        During 2014, restricted stock grants aggregating 320,000 shares were granted in January 2014 with a vesting date of approximately fourteen months after the grant date and an additional 420,000 common shares were granted in October 2014 with a vesting date of approximately seven months following the grant date with vesting conditioned upon continued employment with the Company.

        The 2013 grant vested on the fourteenth month anniversary of the grant with vesting conditioned upon continued employment with the Company.

	2015		2014		2013
Restricted Shares Granted		850,000		740,000		310,000
Average Market Value Per Share on Grant Date	$	8.23	$	9.42	$	3.94
Expense related to All Restricted Shares	$	3,694,496	$	5,497,274	$	1,961,501
Unearned Stock Based Compensation for All Restricted Stock Awards Attributable to Future Periods.	$	5,911,019

F-22

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

14. LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS (Continued)

Stock Option Grants

        Our standard stock option agreement in the 2007 Plan allows for the payment of the exercise price of vested stock options either through cash remittance in exchange for newly issued shares, or through non-cash exchange of previously issued shares held by the recipient for at least six months in exchange for our newly issued shares. The 1997 Plan also allows for the retention of shares in payment of the exercise price and income tax withholding. The latter method results in no cash being received by us, but also results in a lower number of total shares being outstanding subsequently as a direct result of this exchange of shares. Shares returned to us in this manner would be retired.

        In 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company received cash proceeds of $2,780,188, $2,964,445 and $766,926, respectively, in exchange for shares issued upon the exercise of options during the year. No income tax benefits were recognized during 2015, 2014 and 2013 related to stock option activity as the Company has a full valuation allowance recorded against its deferred tax assets. However, tax benefits for the excess of the value of the shares issued over the price paid of $968,000, $3,228,000 and $609,000 were created in 2015, 2014, and 2013. The cumulative excess tax benefit at December 31, 2015 is $7.1 million, which when realized, will be credited directly to shareholders' equity.

        A summary of the status of the LTIP and the Old Plan is as follows:

	SHARES			WEIGHTED AVERAGE EXERCISE PRICE		AGGREGATE INTRINSIC VALUE
Outstanding at December 31, 2012		5,989,200			5.95	$	12,559,074
Granted		920,500			5.74
Exercised		(623,700	)		1.23	$	1,920,557
Forfeited		(58,000	)		8.31
Outstanding at December 31, 2013		6,228,000			6.27	$	25,956,880
Granted		1,731,500			9.43
Exercised		(1,029,016	)		2.88	$	2,964,445
Forfeited		(45,401	)		6.19
Outstanding at December 31, 2014		6,885,083			7.41	$	19,730,211
Granted		1,697,500			8.30
Exercised		(794,248	)		3.50	$	2,780,188
Forfeited		(29,333	)		6.91
Outstanding at December 31, 2015		7,759,002			7.84	$	18,648,477

F-23

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

14. LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS (Continued)

OPTIONS OUTSTANDING						OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
RANGE OF EXERCISE PRICES	NUMBER OF OPTIONS		REMAINING CONTRACTUAL LIFE	WEIGHTED EXERCISE PRICE		NUMBER OF OPTIONS		WEIGHTED AVERAGE EXERCISE PRICE
$3.09 to $4.93		418,334	3.0 - 7.5 yrs.	$	3.30		390,556	$	3.29
$5.54 to $7.13		2,493,000	1.9 - 7.7 yrs.	$	6.43		2,248,001	$	6.47
$8.23 to 11.49		4,847,668	3.8 - 9.9 yrs.	$	8.95		2,005,834	$	9.22
Total		7,759,002	6.7 yrs.	$	7.84		4,644,391	$	7.39
Intrinsic Value	$	18,648,477				$	13,236,827

	NUMBER OF UNVESTED OPTIONS			WEIGHTED AVERAGE FAIR MARKET VALUE AT GRANT DATE
As of December 31, 2012		1,579,000
Granted		920,500		$	3.33
Forfeited		(58,000	)
Vested		(727,067	)
As of December 31, 2013		1,714,433
Granted		1,731,500		$	5.91
Forfeited		(45,401	)
Vested		(820,032	)
As of December 31, 2014		2,580,500
Granted		1,697,500		$	4.56
Forfeited		(28,333	)
Vested		(1,135,056	)
As of December 31, 2015		3,114,611

        The Company values stock options awarded using the Black-Scholes method. Assumptions used in the stock option valuations were:

	2015	2014	2013
Volatility of share price	58 - 61%	69 - 70%	59 - 67%
Risk free interest rate	1.5 - 1.7%	1.9 - 2.0%	0.1 - 2.0%
Expected option life	6 yrs.	6 yrs.	1 - 6 yrs.
Dividend Yield	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%

        We believe this valuation methodology is appropriate for estimating the fair value of stock options we grant to employees and directors which are subject to ASC 718-10 requirements. We primarily base our determination of expected volatility through our assessment of the historical volatility of our common shares. We do not believe that we are able to rely on our historical stock option exercise and post-vested termination activity to provide accurate data for estimating our expected term for use in determining the fair value of these options. Therefore, as allowed by Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 107, Share-Based Payment, we have opted to use the simplified method for estimating the expected

F-24

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

14. LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS (Continued)

option term equal to the midpoint between the vesting period and the contractual term. The contractual term of the option is 10 years from the date of grant and the vesting term of the option is three years from date of grant. Risk free interest rates utilized are based upon published U.S. Treasury yield curves at the date of the grant for the expected option term.

        For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, we recognized compensation expense of $5,193,481, $4,597,412 and $3,877,695 respectively related to options granted to employees under the LTIP with a corresponding credit to common stock. At December 31, 2015, the amount of unrecorded stock-based compensation expense for stock options attributable to future periods was approximately $11,953,417 which is expected to be amortized to expense over the remaining vesting periods of the options of 1 to 33 months.

        As of December 31, 2015, the remaining number of common shares available for equity awards under the LTIP was 504,027.

15. RISK MANAGEMENT

Insurance

        We evaluate various kinds of risk that we are exposed to in our business. In our evaluation of risk, we evaluate options and alternatives to mitigating such risks. For certain insurable risks we may acquire insurance policies to protect against potential losses or to partially insure against certain risks. For our subsidiary, Rockwell Transportation, Inc., we maintain a partially uninsured workers' compensation plan. Under the policy, the Company's self-insurance retention is $350,000 per occurrence and $630,370 in aggregate coverage for the policy year ending July 1, 2016. The total amount at December 31, 2015 by which retention limits exceed the claims paid and accrued is approximately $630,000 for the policy year ending July 1, 2016. Estimated additional future claims subject to payment by the Company of approximately $127,349 has been accrued for the year ended December 31, 2015.

        At December 31, 2015, approximately $400,000 was held in cash collateral and escrow by the insurance carrier for workers' compensation insurance. At December 31, 2015 amounts held in cash collateral and escrow are included in prepaid expenses and other non-current assets in the consolidated financial statements.

16. SUBSEQUENT EVENT

        In February 2016, we announced that we entered into exclusive licensing and manufacturing supply agreements with Wanbang Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. ("Wanbang"), a subsidiary of Shanghai Fosun Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd., for the rights to commercialize the Company's Triferic® and Calcitriol drugs for ESRD patients, that also includes new therapeutic indications for Triferic®, in the People's Republic of China. Triferic® is the Company's proprietary iron replacement and hemoglobin maintenance drug for treating anemia. Calcitriol is the Company's generic (active vitamin D) injection for treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis patients.

        Under the terms of the agreement, Wanbang will become the exclusive distributor for Triferic® and Calcitriol in China for an initial commercial term of 10 years, with an extended term of 10 or more years based on achievement of annual minimum purchase requirements. In consideration for the exclusive rights, the Company will receive an upfront fee plus regulatory and revenue milestone payments totaling $39 million in aggregate of which $4 million was received in February 2016. Rockwell

F-25

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

16. SUBSEQUENT EVENT (Continued)

will receive ongoing earnings from product sales of Triferic® and Calcitriol, and other additional Triferic® therapeutic indications in China. The Company retains manufacturing responsibility for all products subject to this agreement. Wanbang is required to achieve annual minimum purchase requirements to retain exclusive commercialization rights. In addition to the hemodialysis indication, Wanbang has the exclusive right to develop and commercialize Triferic® for new therapeutic indications for the Chinese market. Wanbang is responsible for all clinical, regulatory and marketing expenses for Triferic® and Calcitriol in China as well as development and regulatory costs for new Triferic® indications.

17. QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

        The following is a summary of the quarterly results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

	First Quarter			Second Quarter			Third Quarter			Fourth Quarter
2015
Sales	$	13,883,961		$	12,955,576		$	14,378,528		$	14,132,637
Cost of Sales		11,571,618			10,889,619			11,875,122			12,076,489
Gross Profit		2,312,343			2,065,957			2,503,406			2,056,148
Selling, General and Administrative		5,325,761			3,835,596			3,827,904			6,089,606
Research and Product Development		799,591			885,259			1,246,727			2,029,736
Operating Income (Loss)		(3,813,009	)		(2,654,898	)		(2,571,225	)		(6,063,194	)
Interest and Investment Income, net		113,815			118,151			156,672			293,238
Interest Expense		—			—			—			—
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes		(3,699,194	))		(2,536,747	)		(2,414,553	)		(5,769,956	)
Income Tax Expense		—			—			—			—
Net Income (Loss)	$	(3,699,194	)	$	(2,536,747	)	$	(2,414,553	)	$	(5,769,956	)
Basic And Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share	$	(.07	)	$	(.05	)	$	(.05	)	$	(.12	)

F-26

ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

17. QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

	First Quarter			Second Quarter			Third Quarter			Fourth Quarter
2014
Sales	$	12,963,652		$	13,033,361		$	13,743,778		$	14,447,653
Cost of Sales		11,283,694			11,014,469			11,473,961			11,871,106
Gross Profit		1,679,958			2,018,892			2,269,817			2,576,547
Selling, General and Administrative		4,090,199			4,214,205			4,098,835			5,917,480
Research and Product Development		4,615,197			186,695			1,301,824			1,679,878
Operating Income (Loss)		(7,025,438	)		(2,382,008	)		(3,130,842	)		(5,020,811	)
Interest and Investment Income, net		74,215			69,633			55,263			187,144
Interest Expense		854,303			858,003			892,027			1,549,980
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes		(7,805,526	)		(3,170,378	)		(3,967,606	)		(6,383,647	)
Income Tax Expense		—			—			—			—
Net Income (Loss)	$	(7,805,526	)	$	(3,170,378	)	$	(3,967,606	)	$	(6,383,647	)
Basic And Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share	$	(.20	)	$	(.08	)	$	(.10	)	$	(.14	)

F-27

SCHEDULE II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

	Balance at Beginning of Period		Additions		(Deductions)			Balance at End of Period
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:
Year ended December 31, 2015	$	52,213	$	72,877	$	(49,930	)	$	75,160
Year ended December 31, 2014	$	37,392	$	40,714	$	(25,893	)	$	52,213
Year ended December 31, 2013	$	26,257	$	37,392	$	(23,474	)	$	37,392
Inventory Reserve:
Year ended December 31, 2015	$	27,274	$	59,581	$	(76,193	)	$	10,662
Year ended December 31, 2014	$	35,009	$	19,701	$	(27,435	)	$	27,274
Year ended December 31, 2013	$	27,579	$	105,647	$	(98,217	)	$	35,009
Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance:
Year ended December 31, 2015	$	69,307,000	$	—	$	(293,000	)	$	69,014,000
Year ended December 31, 2014	$	56,272,000	$	13,035,000	$	—		$	69,307,000
Year ended December 31, 2013	$	38,266,000	$	18,006,000	$	—		$	56,272,000

        Allowances and reserves are deducted from the accounts to which they apply.

S-1

EX-10.61

Exhibit 10.61

AMENDMENT TO OCTOBER 2, 2015 STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT

This Amendment, effective as of October 2, 2015, between Rockwell Medical, Inc. (the “Company”) and Robert L. Chioini (the “Optionee”).

WHEREAS, the October 2, 2015 resolutions of the Compensation Committee authorizing the October 2, 2015 Tranche B grant of 275,000 options (the “Tranche B Options”) to Optionee provide that the related option agreement shall state that such options are not intended to be exempt from Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986;

WHEREAS, this Amendment is being executed in accordance with the authorizing resolutions for the Tranche B Options in order to modify the grant agreement, dated as of October 2, 2015 (the “Tranche B Grant Agreement”);

NOW THEREFORE, the Tranche B Grant Agreement is amended as follows:

1.Section 1.1 is amended to add the following at the end of such section:

The Option is not intended to satisfy the requirements of or be exempt from Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

2.Except as specifically modified herein, the remaining provisions of the Tranche B Grant Agreement remain in full force and effect.

3.This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts, all of which shall constitute one and the same Amendment.  This Amendment may be executed by signatures delivered by facsimile or electronic mail, each of which shall be fully binding on the signing party.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Amendment to be duly executed as of the date set forth above.

ROBERT L. CHIOINI, as Optionee
/s/ Robert L. Chioini
ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC.
By:	/s/ Thomas E. Klema
Thomas E. Klema
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

EX-10.62

Exhibit 10.62

Exhibit C

FORM OF RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD AGREEMENT

(Directors Version)

THIS AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”) is made effective as of                 (the “Grant Date”), between Rockwell Medical, Inc., a Michigan corporation (the “Company”), and the individual whose name is set forth on the signature page hereof, who is a nonemployee director of the Company (the “Director”).  Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the same meanings as in the Amended and Restated 2007 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “Plan”).

WHEREAS, Director is a member of the Board of Directors of the Company;

WHEREAS, the Committee desires to grant the Director shares of Common Stock pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Agreement (the “Restricted Stock Award”) and the Plan (the terms of which are hereby incorporated by reference and made a part of this Agreement); and

WHEREAS, the Committee has determined that it would be in the best interest of the Company and its shareholders to grant the shares of Common Stock provided for herein to the Director as compensation for the Director’s services and as an incentive for increased efforts during his service, has approved the grant of the Restricted Stock Award on the Grant Date and has advised the Company thereof and instructed the undersigned officer to execute this Agreement;

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained and other good and valuable consideration, receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

1.Grant of the Restricted Stock.  Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan and the additional terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company hereby grants to the Director          shares of Common Stock (hereinafter called the “Restricted Stock”).  The Restricted Stock shall vest and become nonforfeitable in accordance with Section 2 hereof.  In the event of any conflict between the Plan and this Agreement, the terms of the Plan shall control, it being understood that variations in this Agreement from terms set forth in the Plan shall not be considered to be in conflict if the Plan, whether explicitly or implicitly, permits such variations.

2.Vesting and Forfeiture.

(a)So long as the Director continues to be a member of the Company’s Board of Directors, the Restricted Stock shall become vested and non-forfeitable upon the earliest to occur of (i)            (the “Vesting Date”), or (ii) subject to the Committee’s right to declare, pursuant to Section 9.2(c) of the Plan, that the Restricted Stock shall not become immediately vested upon a Change in Control in which the successor company assumes the Restricted Stock Award, the occurrence of a Change in Control.

(b)If Director ceases to be a member of the Company’s Board of Directors for any reason, Director’s right to shares of Common Stock subject to the Restricted Stock Award that are not yet vested automatically shall terminate and be forfeited by Director unless the Committee, in the exercise of its authority under the Plan, modifies the Vesting Date in connection with such termination.

3.Certificates.

(a)(i) Certificates evidencing the Restricted Stock shall be issued by the Company and shall be registered in the Director’s name on the stock transfer books of the Company promptly after the date hereof, but shall remain in the physical custody of the Company or its designee at all times prior to the vesting of such Restricted Stock pursuant to Section 2.  The Director hereby acknowledges and agrees that the Company shall retain custody of such certificate or certificates until the restrictions imposed by Section 2 on the Common Stock granted hereunder lapse.  As a condition to the receipt of this Restricted Stock Award, the Director shall deliver to the Company an Assignment Separate From Certificate in the form attached as Exhibit A, duly endorsed in blank, relating to the Restricted Stock.  No certificates shall be issued for fractional shares.

(ii) As soon as practicable following the vesting of the Restricted Stock pursuant to Section 2, certificates for the Restricted Stock which shall have vested shall be delivered to the Director or to the Director’s legal guardian or representative along with the stock powers relating thereto and without the legend set forth in Section 10.3(b) of the Plan.

(iii) The certificates representing the unvested Restricted Stock shall bear the legend set forth in Section 10.3(b) of the Plan and shall be subject to such stop transfer orders and other restrictions as the Committee may deem advisable under the Plan or the rules, regulations, and other requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission or any stock exchange upon which such Common Stock is listed, any applicable Federal or state laws and the Company’s Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws, and the Committee may cause a legend or legends to be put on any such certificates to make appropriate reference to such restrictions.

(b)Notwithstanding Section 3(a) of this Agreement, the shares subject to the Restricted Stock Award may be issued by the Company in book entry form and the shares deposited with the appropriate registered book-entry custodian.  If so issued, a notation to the same restrictive effect as the legend required by Section 10.3(b) of the Plan shall be placed on the transfer agent’s books in connection with such shares. As soon as practicable following the vesting of the Restricted Stock pursuant to Section 2, such notation shall be removed from such book entry.

4.Rights as a Stockholder.  The Director shall have no rights as a stockholder of the Company until certificates are issued or a book entry representing such shares has been made and such shares have been deposited with the appropriate registered book entry custodian.  Once issued, the Director shall be the record owner of the Restricted Stock unless or until such Restricted Stock is forfeited pursuant to Section 2 hereof or is otherwise sold, and as record owner shall be entitled to all rights of a common stockholder of the Company (including, without limitation, the right to vote and to receive dividends and other distributions on the shares of Restricted Stock); provided, however, that any dividends or distributions paid on Restricted

2

Stock prior to the lapse of transfer restrictions shall be subject to the same restrictions on transferability as the shares of Restricted Stock with respect to which they were paid (and which restrictions shall lapse when the restrictions on the related shares of Restricted Stock lapse).

5.Transferability.  The Restricted Stock may not, at any time prior to becoming vested pursuant to Section 2, be transferred, sold, assigned, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise alienated.

6.Director’s Service to the Company.   Nothing contained in this Agreement or in any other agreement entered into by the Company and the Director guarantees that the Director will continue to serve as a member of the Board for any specified period of time.

7.Change in Capitalization.  In the event of a merger, reorganization, consolidation, recapitalization, dividend or distribution (whether in cash, shares or other property), stock split, reverse stock split, spin-off or similar transaction or other change in corporate structure affecting the Common Stock or the value thereof, prior to the time the restrictions imposed by Section 2 on the Restricted Stock granted hereunder lapse, such adjustments and other substitutions shall be made to the Restricted Stock as the Committee deems equitable or appropriate.  Any stock, securities or other property exchangeable for Restricted Stock pursuant to such transaction shall be deposited with the Company and shall become subject to the restrictions and conditions of this Agreement to the same extent as if it had been the original property granted hereby, all pursuant to the Plan.

8.Withholding.  Director shall have full responsibility, and the Company shall have no responsibility, for satisfying any liability for any federal, state or local income or other taxes required by law to be paid with respect to such Restricted Stock, including upon the vesting of the Restricted Stock.  In connection with the foregoing, Director may, at his or her option, elect to recognize the fair value of the Restricted Stock upon the Grant Date pursuant to Section 83 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.  Director is advised to seek his or her own tax counsel regarding the taxation of the grant of Restricted Stock made hereunder.

9.Limitation on Obligations.  The Company’s obligation with respect to the Restricted Stock granted hereunder is limited solely to the delivery to the Director of shares of Common Stock on the date when such shares are due to be delivered hereunder, and in no way shall the Company become obligated to pay cash in respect of such obligation.  This Restricted Stock Award shall not be secured by any specific assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, nor shall any assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries be designated as attributable or allocated to the satisfaction of the Company’s obligations under this Agreement.  In addition, the Company shall not be liable to the Director for damages relating to any delay in issuing the shares or share certificates, any loss of the certificates, or any mistakes or errors in the issuance of the certificates or in the shares or certificates themselves.

10.Securities Laws.  Upon the vesting of any Restricted Stock, the Company may require the Director to make or enter into such written representations, warranties and agreements as the Committee may reasonably request in order to comply with applicable securities laws or with this Agreement.  The granting of the Restricted Stock hereunder shall be

3

subject to all applicable laws, rules and regulations and to such approvals of any governmental agencies as may be required.

11.Notices.  Any notice to be given under the terms of this Agreement to the Company shall be addressed to the Company in care of its Secretary, and any notice to be given to the Director shall be addressed to him or her at the address stated in the Company’s records.  By a notice given pursuant to this Section 11, either party may hereafter designate a different address for notices to be given to the party.  Any notice that is required to be given to the Director shall, if the Director is then deceased, be given to the Director’s personal representative if such representative has previously informed the Company of his status and address by written notice under this Section 11.  Any notice shall have been deemed duly given when enclosed in a properly sealed envelope or wrapper addressed as aforesaid, deposited (with postage prepaid) in a post office or branch post office regularly maintained by the United States Postal Service or when delivered personally to the Secretary or Director.

12.Governing Law.  The laws of the State of Michigan shall govern the interpretation, validity and performance of the terms of this Agreement regardless of the law that might be applied under principles of conflicts of laws.

13.Amendment.  Subject to Sections 2 and 7 of this Agreement and Section 10.6 of the Plan, this Agreement may be amended only by a writing executed by the parties hereto if such amendment would adversely affect Director.  Any such amendment shall specifically state that it is amending this Agreement.

14.Signature in Counterparts.  This Agreement may be signed in counterparts, each of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were upon the same instrument.

[Signatures on next page]

4

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the Grant Date.

DIRECTOR
[Name of Director]
ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC.
By:
	Name:
	Title:

5

EXHIBIT A

ASSIGNMENT SEPARATE FROM CERTIFICATE

FOR VALUE RECEIVED,              hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto                                       shares of the Common Stock of Rockwell Medical, Inc. standing in the name of the undersigned on the books of said Rockwell Medical, Inc. represented by Certificate No.            herewith and do hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint                   his or its duly-appointed agent and attorney to transfer the said stock on the books of Rockwell Medical, Inc. with full power of substitution in the premises.

Dated:               ,      

[signature]

[print name

In presence of

6

EX-23.1

Exhibit 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statements on Forms S-3 (Registration No.’s 333-135872, 333-148601, 333-160791, 333-160710 and 333-181003) and Forms S-8 (Registration No.’s 333-66791, 333-126627, 333-135896, 333-146817, 333-153046, 333-160135, 333-169003, 333-182043, and 333-189586) of Rockwell Medical, Inc. and Subsidiary of our reports dated February 29, 2016 on the consolidated financial statements and related financial statement schedule of Rockwell Medical, Inc. and Subsidiary as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2015 and on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Rockwell Medical, Inc. and Subsidiary for the year ended December 31, 2015.

/s/ Plante & Moran, PLLC

Auburn Hills, Michigan

February 29, 2016

EX-31.1

QuickLinks -- Click here to rapidly navigate through this document

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)

I, Robert L. Chioini, certify that:

        1.     I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Rockwell Medical, Inc.;

        2.     Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

        3.     Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

        4.     The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

        a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

        b)    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

        c)     Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

        d)    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

        5.     The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

        a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

        b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:	February 29, 2016
	/s/ ROBERT L. CHIOINI Robert L. Chioini Chairman, CEO and President

QuickLinks

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)

EX-31.2

QuickLinks -- Click here to rapidly navigate through this document

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)

I, Thomas E. Klema, certify that:

        1.     I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Rockwell Medical, Inc.;

        2.     Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

        3.     Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

        4.     The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

        a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

        b)    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

        c)     Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

        d)    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

        5.     The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

        a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

        b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:	February 29, 2016
	/s/ THOMAS E. KLEMA Thomas E. Klema Vice President & Chief Financial Officer

QuickLinks

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)

EX-32.1

QuickLinks -- Click here to rapidly navigate through this document

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

        In connection with the Annual Report of Rockwell Medical, Inc. (the "Company") on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2015 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Periodic Report"), I, Robert L. Chioini, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and I, Thomas E. Klema, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, each certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.

the Periodic Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and



2.

the information contained in the Periodic Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Dated: February 29, 2016	/s/ ROBERT L. CHIOINI Robert L. Chioini Chief Executive Officer
Dated: February 29, 2016	/s/ THOMAS E. KLEMA Thomas E. Klema Chief Financial Officer

QuickLinks

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

XML

Document and Entity Information - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Feb. 19, 2016	Jun. 30, 2015
Document and Entity Information
Entity Registrant Name	ROCKWELL MEDICAL, INC.
Entity Central Index Key	0001041024
Document Type	10-K
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2015
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Public Float			$ 761,641,000
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		51,526,877
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2015
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
ASSETS
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$ 31,198,182	$ 65,800,451
Investments Available for Sale	39,482,732	19,927,310
Accounts Receivable, net of a reserve of $75,000 in 2015 and $52,000 in 2014	5,046,733	4,472,002
Inventory	7,871,780	3,920,185
Other Current Assets	1,026,889	587,201
Total Current Assets	84,626,316	94,707,149
Property and Equipment, net	1,646,568	1,496,912
Intangible Assets	165,657	332,686
Goodwill	920,745	920,745
Other Non-current Assets	462,839	542,224
Total Assets	87,822,125	97,999,716
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Accounts Payable	3,995,216	5,294,515
Accrued Liabilities	3,831,356	4,325,997
Customer Deposits	264,879	183,890
Total Current Liabilities	8,091,451	9,804,402
Deferred License Revenue	17,410,852	19,492,520
Shareholders' Equity:
Common Shares, no par value, 51,501,877 and 50,284,007 shares issued and outstanding	257,773,494	249,018,189
Accumulated Deficit	(194,538,176)	(180,117,726)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	(915,496)	(197,669)
Total Shareholders' Equity	62,319,822	68,702,794
Total Liabilities And Shareholders' Equity	$ 87,822,125	$ 97,999,716

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Allowance for reserve, accounts receivable (in dollars)	$ 75,000	$ 52,000
Common Shares, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Common Shares, shares issued	51,501,877	50,284,007
Common Shares, shares outstanding	51,501,877	50,284,007

XML

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Sep. 30, 2015	Jun. 30, 2015	Mar. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Sep. 30, 2014	Jun. 30, 2014	Mar. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS
Sales	$ 14,132,637	$ 14,378,528	$ 12,955,576	$ 13,883,961	$ 14,447,653	$ 13,743,778	$ 13,033,361	$ 12,963,652	$ 55,350,702	$ 54,188,444	$ 52,379,543
Cost of Sales	12,076,489	11,875,122	10,889,619	11,571,618	11,871,106	11,473,961	11,014,469	11,283,694	46,412,848	45,643,231	45,720,323
Gross Profit	2,056,148	2,503,406	2,065,957	2,312,343	2,576,547	2,269,817	2,018,892	1,679,958	8,937,854	8,545,213	6,659,220
Selling, General and Administrative	6,089,606	3,827,904	3,835,596	5,325,761	5,917,480	4,098,835	4,214,205	4,090,199	19,078,867	18,320,720	14,336,449
Research and Product Development	2,029,736	1,246,727	885,259	799,591	1,679,878	1,301,824	186,695	4,615,197	4,961,313	7,783,594	39,382,037
Operating Income (Loss)	(6,063,194)	(2,571,225)	(2,654,898)	(3,813,009)	(5,020,811)	(3,130,842)	(2,382,008)	(7,025,438)	(15,102,326)	(17,559,101)	(47,059,266)
Interest and Investment Income	293,238	156,672	118,151	113,815	187,144	55,263	69,633	74,215	681,876	386,257	98,101
Interest (Expense)					1,549,980	892,027	858,003	854,303		4,154,313	1,822,147
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes	(5,769,956)	(2,414,553)	(2,536,747)	(3,699,194)	(6,383,647)	(3,967,606)	(3,170,378)	(7,805,526)	(14,420,450)	(21,327,157)	(48,783,312)
Income Tax Expense									0	0	0
Net Income (Loss)	$ (5,769,956)	$ (2,414,553)	$ (2,536,747)	$ (3,699,194)	$ (6,383,647)	$ (3,967,606)	$ (3,170,378)	$ (7,805,526)	$ (14,420,450)	$ (21,327,157)	$ (48,783,312)
Basic And Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share (in dollars per share)	$ (0.12)	$ (0.05)	$ (0.05)	$ (0.07)	$ (0.14)	$ (0.10)	$ (0.08)	$ (0.20)	$ (0.29)	$ (0.52)	$ (1.48)

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Net Income (Loss)	$ (14,420,450)	$ (21,327,157)	$ (48,783,312)
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Available-for-Sale Investments	(717,827)	(230,088)	32,419
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$ (15,138,277)	$ (21,557,245)	$ (48,750,893)

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($)	COMMON SHARES	PURCHASE WARRANTS	ACCUMULATED DEFICIT	ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)	Total
Balance at Dec. 31, 2012	$ 92,866,458	$ 7,178,929	$ (110,007,257)		$ (9,961,870)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2012	21,494,696
Balance (purchase warrants in shares) at Dec. 31, 2012		2,233,240
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net (Loss)			(48,783,312)		(48,783,312)
Unrealized Gain on Available-for-Sale Investments				$ 32,419	32,419
Issuance of Common Shares	$ 50,431,250				$ 50,431,250
Issuance of Common Shares (in shares)	18,285,132				17,496,721
Shares Issued in Exchange for Services	$ 780,678				$ 780,678
Shares Issued in Exchange for Services (in shares)	200,000				200,000
Exercise of Purchase Warrants	$ 1,593,003	$ (428,021)			$ 1,164,982
Exercise of Purchase Warrants (in shares)	130,833	(130,833)
Expiration of Purchase Warrants	$ 2,937,293	$ (2,937,293)
Expiration of Purchase Warrants (in shares)		(1,119,336)
Purchase Warrants Expense		$ 1,082,196			1,082,196
Stock Option Based Expense	3,887,695				3,887,695
Restricted Stock Amortization	1,961,501				1,961,501
Balance at Dec. 31, 2013	$ 154,457,878	$ 4,895,811	(158,790,569)	32,419	$ 595,539
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2013	40,110,661				40,110,661
Balance (purchase warrants in shares) at Dec. 31, 2013		983,071			983,071
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net (Loss)			(21,327,157)		$ (21,327,157)
Unrealized Gain on Available-for-Sale Investments				(230,088)	(230,088)
Issuance of Common Shares	$ 71,136,487				$ 71,136,487
Issuance of Common Shares (in shares)	9,268,460				7,816,944
Exercise of Purchase Warrants	$ 13,329,138	$ (4,895,811)			$ 8,433,327
Exercise of Purchase Warrants (in shares)	904,886	(983,071)
Stock Option Based Expense	$ 4,597,412				4,597,412
Restricted Stock Amortization	5,497,274				5,497,274
Balance at Dec. 31, 2014	$ 249,018,189		(180,117,726)	(197,669)	$ 68,702,794
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2014	50,284,007				50,284,007
Balance (purchase warrants in shares) at Dec. 31, 2014					0
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net (Loss)			(14,420,450)		$ (14,420,450)
Unrealized Gain on Available-for-Sale Investments				(717,827)	(717,827)
Issuance of Common Shares	$ 4,132,250				4,132,250
Issuance of Common Shares (in shares)	1,644,248
Stock Option Based Expense	$ 5,193,481				5,193,481
Stock Tendered in Satisfaction of Tax Liabilities	$ (4,264,922)				(4,264,922)
Stock Tendered in Satisfaction of Tax Liabilities (in shares)	(426,378)
Restricted Stock Amortization	$ 3,694,496				3,694,496
Balance at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 257,773,494		$ (194,538,176)	$ (915,496)	$ 62,319,822
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2015	51,501,877				51,501,877
Balance (purchase warrants in shares) at Dec. 31, 2015					0

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net (Loss)	$ (14,420,450)	$ (21,327,157)	$ (48,783,312)
Adjustments To Reconcile Net Loss To Net Cash Used In Operating Activities:
Depreciation and Amortization	822,294	996,321	1,007,411
Share Based Compensation - Non-employee			1,862,874
Share Based Compensation- Employees	8,887,977	10,094,685	5,849,196
Restricted Stock Retained in Satisfaction of Tax Liabilities	(2,912,859)
Loss on Disposal of Assets	5,281	7,338	16,410
Loss on Sale of Investments Available for Sale	58,095	1,223
Amortization of Debt Issuance Costs		882,716	227,059
Non-cash Interest Expense		874,942	225,059
Changes in Assets and Liabilities:
(Increase) Decrease in Accounts Receivable	(574,731)	106,317	(146,387)
(Increase) in Inventory	(3,951,595)	(1,120,537)	(150,009)
(Increase) Decrease in Other Assets	(360,303)	(13,466)	669,896
(Decrease) in Accounts Payable	(1,299,299)	(3,391,638)	(6,147,412)
(Decrease) in Other Liabilities	(413,652)	(2,345,486)	(5,295,738)
Deferred Distribution Agreement Income		20,000,000
Recognized Distribution Agreement Income	(2,081,668)	(507,480)
Changes in Assets and Liabilities	(8,681,248)	12,727,710	(11,069,650)
Cash (Used In) Provided By Operating Activities	(16,240,910)	4,257,778	(50,664,953)
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Purchase of Investments Available for Sale	(21,800,000)	(13,100,000)	(12,002,203)
Sale of Investments Available for Sale	1,468,656	4,976,000
Purchase of Equipment	(815,002)	(684,593)	(654,197)
Proceeds on Sale of Assets	4,800		6,898
Cash (Used In) Investing Activities	(21,141,546)	(8,808,593)	(12,649,502)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Proceeds from the Issuance of Common Shares and Purchase Warrants	2,780,187	79,569,815	51,596,232
Proceeds from the Issuance of Notes Payable			20,000,000
Debt Issuance Costs			(1,109,776)
Payments on Notes Payable and Capital Lease Obligations		(21,100,000)	(2,280)
Cash Provided By Financing Activities	2,780,187	58,469,815	70,484,176
(Decrease) Increase In Cash	(34,602,269)	53,919,000	7,169,721
Cash At Beginning Of Period	65,800,451	11,881,451	4,711,730
Cash At End Of Period	31,198,182	65,800,451	11,881,451
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
Interest Paid	$ 0	$ 3,518,168	$ 1,154,752

XML

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

        Rockwell Medical, Inc. and Subsidiary (collectively, "we", "our", "us", or the "Company") is a fully-integrated pharmaceutical company targeting end-stage renal disease and chronic kidney disease with innovative products and services for the treatment of iron deficiency, secondary hyperparathyroidism and hemodialysis. We are also an established manufacturer and leader in delivering high-quality hemodialysis concentrates/dialysates to dialysis providers and distributors in the United States and abroad.

        We are currently developing unique, proprietary renal drug therapies. These novel renal drug therapies support disease management initiatives to improve the quality of life and care of dialysis patients and are designed to deliver safe and effective therapy, while decreasing drug administration costs and improving patient convenience and outcome. We have obtained global licenses for certain dialysis related drugs which we are developing and planning to market.

        We manufacture, sell and distribute hemodialysis concentrates and other ancillary medical products and supplies used in the treatment of patients with End Stage Renal Disease, or "ESRD". We supply our products to medical service providers who treat patients with kidney disease. Our products are used to cleanse patients' blood and replace nutrients lost during the kidney dialysis process. We primarily sell our products in the United States.

        We are regulated by the Federal Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") under the Federal Drug and Cosmetics Act, as well as by other federal, state and local agencies. We obtained FDA approval of Triferic®, our branded dialysis iron maintenance therapy drug, in January 2015 and sales began in September 2015. We have also received 510(k) approval from the FDA to market hemodialysis solutions and powders and to sell our Dri-Sate Dry Acid Concentrate product line and Dri-Sate Mixer.

XML

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

        Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts for our wholly owned subsidiary, Rockwell Transportation, Inc.

        All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Revenue Recognition

        We recognize revenue at the time we transfer title to our products to our customers consistent with generally accepted accounting principles. Generally, we recognize revenue when our products are delivered to our customer's location consistent with our terms of sale. We recognize revenue for international shipments when title has transferred consistent with standard terms of sale.

        The initial payment of $20 million received pursuant to our long-term Exclusive Distribution Agreement (the "Distribution Agreement") with Baxter Healthcare Corporation ("Baxter") in October 2014 has been accounted for as deferred license revenue. Deferred license revenue is being recognized based on the proportion of product shipments to Baxter in each period to total expected sales volume for the term of the agreement. We also recognize delivery services and other administrative services provided under the Distribution Agreement as revenue at the time the services are provided.

        We require certain customers, mostly international customers, to pay for product prior to the transfer of title to the customer. Deposits received from customers and payments in advance for orders are recorded as liabilities under Customer Deposits until such time as orders are filled and title transfers to the customer consistent with our terms of sale. At December 31, 2015 and 2014 we had customer deposits of $264,879 and $183,890, respectively.

Shipping and Handling Revenue and Costs

        Our products are generally priced on a delivered basis with the price of delivery included in the overall price of our products which is reported as sales. Separately identified freight and handling charges are also included in sales.

        We include shipping and handling costs, including expenses of Rockwell Transportation, Inc., in cost of sales.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

        We consider cash on hand, money market funds and unrestricted certificates of deposit with an original maturity of 90 days or less as cash and cash equivalents.

Investments Available for Sale

        Investments Available for Sale are short-term investments, consisting principally of investments in short term duration bond funds, and are stated at fair value based upon observed market prices (Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy). Unrealized holding gains or losses on these securities are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Realized gains and losses, including declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary on available-for-sale securities are included as a component of other income or expense.

        Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI") on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when conditions warrant such an evaluation. When evaluating investment securities, consideration is given to the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and whether the Company has the intent to sell the security or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before its anticipated recovery. The assessment of whether an OTTI exists involves a high degree of subjectivity and judgment and is based on the information available to management at a point in time.

Accounts Receivable

        Accounts receivable are stated at invoice amounts. The carrying amount of trade accounts receivable is reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts that reflects our best estimate of accounts that may not be collected. We review outstanding trade accounts receivable balances and based on our assessment of expected collections, we estimate the portion, if any, of the balance that may not be collected as well as a general valuation allowance for other accounts receivable based primarily on historical experience. All accounts or portions thereof deemed to be uncollectible are written off to the allowance for doubtful accounts.

Inventory

        Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined on the first-in first-out (FIFO) method.

Property and Equipment

        Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Expenditures for normal maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Property and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line method over their useful lives, which range from three to ten years. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of their useful lives or the related lease term.

Licensing Fees

        License fees related to the technology, intellectual property and marketing rights for dialysate iron covered under certain issued patents have been capitalized and are being amortized over the life of the related patents which is generally 17 years.

Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Long Lived Assets

        The recorded amounts of goodwill and other intangibles from prior business combinations are based on management's best estimates of the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is not amortized; however, it must be tested for impairment at least annually. Amortization continues to be recorded for other intangible assets with definite lives over their estimated useful lives. Intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for potential impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that carrying amounts may not be recoverable.

        An impairment review of goodwill, intangible assets, and property and equipment is performed annually or whenever a change in condition occurs which indicates that the carrying amounts of assets may not be recoverable. Such changes may include changes in our business strategies and plans, changes to our customer contracts, changes to our product lines and changes in our operating practices. We use a variety of factors to assess the realizable value of long-lived assets depending on their nature and use.

        The useful lives of other intangible assets are based on management's best estimates of the period over which the assets are expected to contribute directly or indirectly to our future cash flows. Management annually evaluates the remaining useful lives of intangible assets with finite useful lives to determine whether events and circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining amortization periods. It is reasonably possible that management's estimates of the carrying amount of goodwill and the remaining useful lives of other intangible assets may change in the near term.

Debt Issuance Costs

        Debt issuance costs are capitalized and amortized over the term of the underlying debt instruments using the effective-interest rate method. Debt issuance costs are recorded as other assets.

Income Taxes

        We account for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-10, Income Taxes. A current tax liability or asset is recognized for the estimated taxes payable or refundable on tax returns for the year. Deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized for the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between book and tax accounting and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. A valuation allowance is established for deferred tax assets if we determine it to be more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

        The effects of tax positions are generally recognized in the financial statements consistent with amounts reflected in returns filed, or expected to be filed, with taxing authorities. For tax positions that the Company considers to be uncertain, current and deferred tax liabilities are recognized, or assets derecognized, when it is probable that an income tax liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability is reasonably estimable, or when it is probable that a tax benefit, such as a tax credit or loss carryforward, will be disallowed by a taxing authority. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits related to current tax positions is insignificant. The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense.

Research and Product Development

        We recognize research and product development costs as expenses as incurred. We incurred product development and research costs related to the commercial development, patent approval and regulatory approval of new products, including Triferic®, aggregating approximately $4,961,000, $7,784,000 and $39,382,000 in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Share Based Compensation

        We measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for equity awards, including stock options, based on the grant date fair value of the awards in accordance with ASC 718-10, Compensation—Stock Compensation. The cost of equity based compensation is recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period of the awards.

        We estimate the fair value of compensation involving stock options utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. This model requires the input of several factors such as the expected option term, expected volatility of our stock price over the expected option term, and an expected forfeiture rate, and is subject to various assumptions. We believe the valuation methodology is appropriate for estimating the fair value of stock options we grant to employees and directors which are subject to ASC 718-10 requirements. These amounts are estimates and thus may not be reflective of actual future results or amounts ultimately realized by recipients of these grants.

Employee Retirement Plans

        We are the sponsor of a non-contributory 401(k) Employee Savings Plan.

Earnings per Share

        We computed our basic earnings (loss) per share using weighted average shares outstanding for each respective period. Diluted earnings per share also reflect the weighted average impact from the date of issuance of all potentially dilutive securities, consisting of stock options and common share purchase warrants, unless inclusion would have had an anti-dilutive effect. Actual weighted average shares outstanding used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share were:

	2015		2014		2013
Basic Weighted Average Shares Outstanding		50,068,129		41,404,999		32,882,333
Effect of Dilutive Securities		-0-		-0-		-0-
Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding		50,068,129		41,404,999		32,882,333

        For 2015, 2014 and 2013, the dilutive effect of stock options, unvested restricted share grants and common share purchase warrants have not been included in the average shares outstanding for the calculation of diluted loss per share as the effect would be anti-dilutive as a result of our net loss in these periods. The table below summarizes potentially dilutive securities.

	2015	2014	2013
Stock Options	7,759,000	6,898,000	6,228,000
Range of Exercise Prices of Stock Options	$3.09 - $11.49	$3.09 - $10.20	$2.79 - $11.44
Unvested Restricted Common Shares	850,000	740,000	545,000
Common Share Purchase Warrants	None	None	983,071
Range of Exercise Prices of Warrants	n/a	n/a	$9.55 - $10.25

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

        Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenue, expenses, gains, and losses be included in net income. Certain changes in assets and liabilities, however, such as unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities, are reported as a direct adjustment to the equity section of the balance sheet. Such items, along with net income (loss), are considered components of comprehensive income (loss). Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) consists solely of unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investment securities.

Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements

        The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

New Accounting Pronouncements

        In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which will supersede the current revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. The ASU is based on the principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The new guidance will be effective for the Company's year ending December 31, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. The ASU permits the new revenue recognition guidance to be applied using one of two retrospective application methods. The Company has not yet determined which application method it will use or the potential effects of the new standard on the financial statements, if any.

XML

FAIR MARKET VALUE MEASUREMENTS

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

FAIR MARKET VALUE MEASUREMENTS

FAIR MARKET VALUE MEASUREMENTS

3. FAIR MARKET VALUE MEASUREMENTS

        Accounting standards require certain assets and liabilities be reported at fair value in the financial statements and provides a framework for establishing that fair value. The framework for determining fair value is based on a hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value into three broad levels, which are described below:

Level 1:	Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for assets or liabilities. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs.
Level 2:	Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted in active markets, but corroborated by market data.
Level 3:	Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available. The fair value hierarchy gives the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.

        In determining fair value, we utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible as well as considering counterparty credit risk in its assessment of fair value. The following methods, assumptions, and valuation techniques were used to measure different financial assets and liabilities at fair value and in estimating its fair value disclosures for financial instruments.

        Cash and Cash Equivalents:    The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated statements of financial condition for cash and cash equivalents is deemed to approximate fair value

        Investment Securities:    Fair values for investment securities are determined by quoted market prices if available.

        Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities:    The fair value of trade receivables and payables approximate their carrying amounts due to the short duration before collection or payment.

        Based on the foregoing methods and assumptions, the carrying value and fair value of the Company's financial instruments other than trade receivables and payables are as follows (in thousands):

	Carrying value		Fair value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
As of December 31, 2015
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	31,198	$	31,198	$	31,198	$	—	$	—
Investment securities available for sale		39,483		39,483		39,483		—		—
As of December 31, 2014
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	65,800	$	65,800	$	65,800	$	—	$	—
Investment securities available for sale		19,927		19,927		19,927		—		—

        The Company also has certain non-financial assets that under certain conditions are subject to measurement at fair value on a non-recurring basis. No such measurements were required in 2015 or 2014.

XML

INVESTMENTS IN AVAILABLE FOR SALE SECURITIES

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

INVESTMENTS IN AVAILABLE FOR SALE SECURITIES

INVESTMENTS IN AVAILABLE FOR SALE SECURITIES

4. INVESTMENTS IN AVAILABLE FOR SALE SECURITIES

        As of December 31, 2015, we held investments in available for sale securities in several short term bond funds. These funds generally held high credit quality short term debt instruments. These debt instruments were subject to changes in fair market value due to changes in interest rates. The market value of these investments was $39,482,732 as of December 31, 2015. In 2015, we purchased securities with a market value of $21,800,000 and had unrealized gains of $69,877 and unrealized losses of $985,373 as of December 31, 2015. In 2015, we sold securities with a market value of $1,468,656 with an average cost basis of $1,526,751. We realized losses of $58,095 from sales of available for sale securities.

        As of December 31, 2014, we held investments in available for sale securities in several short term bond funds. These funds generally held high credit quality short term debt instruments. These debt instruments were subject to changes in fair market value due to changes in interest rates. The market value of these investments was $19,927,310 as of December 31, 2014. In 2014, we purchased securities with a market value of $13,100,000 and had unrealized gains of $7,161 and unrealized losses of $204,830 as of December 31, 2014. In 2014, we sold securities with a market value of $4,976,000 with an average cost basis of $4,977,223. We realized gains of $28,430 and losses of $29,653 from sales of available for sale securities.

XML

SIGNIFICANT MARKET SEGMENTS

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

SIGNIFICANT MARKET SEGMENTS

SIGNIFICANT MARKET SEGMENTS

5. SIGNIFICANT MARKET SEGMENTS

        We operate in one market segment, the hemodialysis market, which involves the manufacture, sale and distribution of hemodialysis products to hemodialysis clinics including pharmaceutical, dialysis concentrates, dialysis kits and other ancillary products used in the dialysis process. In October 2014, we entered into a Distribution Agreement with Baxter and under this agreement Baxter received exclusive distribution rights for our concentrate products in the United States. During 2015, Rockwell domestic customer contracts for the supply of dialysis concentrate products that permitted assignment to Baxter without consent have been assigned to Baxter. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2015, our direct sales to Baxter aggregated approximately 36% of sales and we had a receivable from Baxter of $2,088,000 as of December 31, 2015.

        For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, one customer, DaVita Healthcare Partners, Inc., accounted for 48% of our sales in 2015 and 49% of our sales in 2014 and 2013. Our accounts receivable from this customer were $2,156,000 and $2,041,000 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. DaVita and Baxter and the accounts administered by Baxter are important to our business, financial condition and results of operations. The loss of any significant accounts could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. No other customers accounted for more than 10% of our sales in any of the last three years.

        The majority of our international sales in each of the last three years were sales to domestic distributors that were resold to end users outside the United States. Our sales to foreign customers and distributors were less than 5% of our total sales in 2015, 2014 and 2013. Our total international sales, including sales to domestic distributors for resale outside the United States, aggregated 13%, 13% and 12%, of overall sales in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

XML

DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT.

DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT

6. DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT

        As of October 2, 2014, we entered into the Distribution Agreement with Baxter, pursuant to which Baxter became the Company's exclusive agent for sales, marketing and distribution activities for the Company's hemodialysis concentrate and ancillary products in the United States and various foreign countries for an initial term of 10 years. The Distribution Agreement does not include any of the Company's drug products. The Company will retain sales, marketing and distribution rights for its hemodialysis concentrate products in specified foreign countries in which the Company has an established commercial presence. During the term of the Distribution Agreement, Baxter has agreed not to manufacture or sell any competitive concentrate products in the United States hemodialysis market, other than specified products.

        Pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, Baxter paid the Company $20 million in cash in October 2014 (the "Upfront Fee"). The Upfront Fee has been deferred and will be recognized as revenue based on the proportion of product shipments to Baxter in each period to total expected sales volume over the term of the Distribution Agreement. The Company recognized revenue associated with the Upfront Fee totaling $2,081,668 for the year ended December 31, 2015 and $507,480 for the year ended December 31, 2014.

        Under the Distribution Agreement, Baxter will purchase products from the Company at established gross margin-based prices per unit, adjusted each year during the term. The Company will continue to manage customer service, transportation and certain other functions for its current customers on Baxter's behalf through at least December 31, 2017, in exchange for which Baxter will pay the Company an amount equal to the Company's related costs to provide such functions plus a slight mark-up.

        The Distribution Agreement also requires Baxter to meet minimum annual gallon-equivalent purchase levels, subject to a cure period and certain other relief, in order to maintain its exclusive distribution rights. The minimum purchase levels increase each year over the term of the Distribution Agreement. Orders in any contract year that exceed the minimum will be carried forward and applied to future years' minimum requirements. The Distribution Agreement also contains provisions governing the operating relationship between the parties, the Company's obligations to maintain specified manufacturing capacity and quality levels, remedies, as well as representations, warranties and indemnification obligations of the parties.

        Either party may terminate the Distribution Agreement upon the insolvency or material breach of the other party or in the event of a force majeure. In addition, Baxter may also terminate the Distribution Agreement at any time upon 270 days' prior written notice to the Company or if (1) prices increase beyond certain thresholds and notice is provided within 45 days after the true up payment is due for the year in which the price threshold is exceeded, (2) a change of control of the Company occurs and 270 days' notice is provided, or (3) upon written notice that Baxter has been enjoined by a court of competent jurisdiction from selling in the United States any product covered by the Distribution Agreement due to a claim of intellectual property infringement or misappropriation relating to such product. If Baxter terminates the Distribution Agreement under the discretionary termination or the price increase provisions, it would be subject to a limited non-compete obligation in the United States with respect to certain products for a period of two years.

        If a "Refund Trigger Event" occurs, the Company would be obligated to repay a portion of the Upfront Fee and Facility Fee (described below) as follows: 50% if the event occurs prior to December 31, 2016, 33% if the event occurs in 2017 or 2018, and 25% if the event occurs in 2019, 2020 or 2021. A "Refund Trigger Event" means any of the following: (1) a change of control of the Company involving any of certain specified companies; (2) a termination by Baxter due to the Company's bankruptcy or breach, or due to price increases that exceed the stated thresholds; (3) a termination by either party due to a force majeure; (4) settlement or adjudication of any claim, action or litigation relating to a covered product that materially and adversely affects Baxter's commercialization of the product; and (5) any regulatory action or ruling relating to a covered product that materially and adversely affects Baxter's commercialization of the product. In addition, if Baxter terminates the Distribution Agreement because Baxter has been enjoined by a court of competent jurisdiction from selling in the United States any product covered by the Distribution Agreement due to a claim of intellectual property infringement or misappropriation relating to such product prior to the end of 2018, Baxter would be entitled to a refund of up to $10 million, or $6.6 million if the termination occurs in 2019. In no event would Baxter be entitled to more than one refund payment.

        The Distribution Agreement also required the Company to prepay its outstanding secured long-term indebtedness within 180 days and prohibits the Company from entering into a subsequent contract encumbering the assets used in the Company's concentrate business without the prior written consent of Baxter.

        Baxter has also agreed to pay the Company $10 million (the "Facility Fee") to build and operate a new manufacturing facility located in the Pacific time zone to service customers in the Western United States. The Facility Fee will be reduced to the extent that the facility is not operational within 12 months after the start of construction. Except for any leased components, the Company will own the facility when completed.

        The Distribution Agreement may be extended an additional five years by Baxter if Baxter achieves a specified sales target and pays an extension fee of $7.5 million. If the first extension occurs, the Distribution Agreement term may later be extended an additional five years at Baxter's option at no additional cost.

XML

INVENTORY

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

INVENTORY

INVENTORY

7. INVENTORY

        Components of inventory as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

	2015		2014
Raw Materials	$	5,504,915	$	2,197,143
Work in Process		165,910		197,106
Finished Goods		2,200,955		1,525,936
Total	$	7,871,780	$	3,920,185

XML

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

8. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

        Major classes of property and equipment, stated at cost, as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

	2015			2014
Leasehold Improvements	$	682,992		$	581,990
Machinery and Equipment		7,042,836			6,635,380
Information Technology & Office Equipment		2,273,289			2,163,945
Laboratory Equipment		668,607			594,946
Transportation Equipment		273,109			319,209
		10,940,833			10,295,470
Accumulated Depreciation		(9,294,265	)		(8,798,558	)
Net Property and Equipment	$	1,646,568		$	1,496,912

        Below is a summary of depreciation expense by period:

	2015		2014		2013
Depreciation expense	$	655,265	$	829,292	$	840,382

XML

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

9. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

        Total goodwill was $920,745 at December 31, 2015 and 2014. We completed our annual impairment tests as of November 30, 2015 and 2014, and determined that no adjustment for impairment of goodwill was required.

        We have entered into a global licensing agreement for certain patents covering Triferic®, a therapeutic drug compound to be delivered using our dialysate product lines. We received FDA approval for this product in January 2015. We have capitalized the licensing fees paid for the rights to use this patented technology as an intangible asset.

        During 2011, we acquired an abbreviated new drug application ("ANDA") for a generic version of an intravenous vitamin-D analogue, Calcitriol. Total capitalized costs related to this ANDA were approximately $695,000. These costs are being amortized over a five year period.

	2015			2014			2013
Capitalized Licensing Fees	$	1,070,126		$	1,070,126		$	1,070,126
Accumulated Amortization		(904,469	)		(737,440	)		(570,411	)
Capitalized Licensing Fees, Net of Amortization	$	165,657		$	332,686		$	499,715
Amortization Expense	$	167,029		$	167,029		$	167,029

        Our policy is to amortize licensing fees over the life of the patents pertaining to certain licensing agreements. Estimated amortization expense for licensing fees for 2016 is approximately $166,000 per year. Our licensing agreement for Triferic® related patents, which is with a company owned by our chief scientific officer, requires additional payments by the Company upon achievement of certain milestones. In 2015, we recognized expenses related to milestone achievements of $275,000.

XML

ACCRUED LIABILITIES

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

ACCRUED LIABILITIES

ACCRUED LIABILITIES

10. ACCRUED LIABILITIES

        We had the following accrued liabilities as of December 31, 2015 and 2014:

	2015		2014
Accrued Research & Development Expense	$	219,070	$	747,488
Accrued Compensation and Benefits		1,893,144		1,359,659
Other Accrued Liabilities		1,719,142		2,218,850
Total Accrued Liabilities	$	3,831,356	$	4,325,997

XML

OPERATING LEASES

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

OPERATING LEASES

OPERATING LEASES

11. OPERATING LEASES

        We lease our production facilities and administrative offices as well as certain equipment used in our operations including leases on transportation equipment used in the delivery of our products. The lease terms range from monthly to seven years. We occupy a 51,000 square foot facility and a 17,500 square foot facility in Wixom, Michigan under a lease expiring in August 2018. We also occupy a 51,000 square foot facility in Grapevine, Texas under a lease expiring in December 2020. In addition, we lease a 57,000 square foot facility in Greer, South Carolina under a lease expiring February 2018.

	2015		2014		2013
Rent Expense Recognized Under Operating Leases	$	2,301,930	$	2,075,919	$	2,163,281

        Future minimum rental payments under operating lease agreements are as follows:

Year ending December 31, 2016	$	2,000,012
Year ending December 31, 2017		1,872,569
Year ending December 31, 2018		1,735,223
Year ending December 31, 2019		1,322,660
Year ending December 31, 2020		600,488
Year ending December 31, 2021 and thereafter		286,560
Total	$	7,817,512

XML

INCOME TAXES

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAXES

12. INCOME TAXES

        A reconciliation of income tax expense at the statutory rate to income tax expense at our effective tax rate is as follows:

	2015			2014			2013
Tax Expense Computed at 34% of Pretax Income	$	(4,903,000	)	$	(7,251,000	)	$	(16,583,000	)
State Income Taxes		—			—			—
Effect of Change in Valuation Allowance		(4,903,000	)		(7,251,000	)		(16,583,000	)
Total Income Tax Expense	$	-0-		$	-0-		$	-0-

        The details of the net deferred tax asset are as follows:

	December 31,
	2015			2014
Deferred tax assets:
Net Operating Loss Carryforward	$	52,669,000		$	49,463,000
Stock Based Compensation		4,223,000			7,673,000
Deferred Revenue		5,920,000			6,627,000
General Business Credit		5,741,000			5,293,000
Accrued Expenses		511,000			393,000
Inventories		163,000			77,000
Book over Tax Depreciation		47,000			19,000
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts		26,000			18,000
Total Deferred Tax Assets		69,300,000			69,563,000
Deferred Tax Liabilities:
Goodwill & Intangible Assets		167,000			196,000
Prepaid Expenses		119,000			60,000
Total Deferred Tax Liabilities		286,000			256,000
Subtotal		69,014,000			69,307,000
Valuation Allowance		(69,014,000	)		(69,307,000	)
Net Deferred Tax Asset	$	-0-		$	-0-

        Deferred tax assets result primarily from net operating loss carryforwards. For tax purposes, we have net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $154,900,000 that expire between 2018 and 2035.

        In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. We recognized no income tax expense or benefit for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013. While we anticipate generating income within the next year or two, we expect to incur operating losses until our drug products are manufactured and marketed following FDA approval. Considered together with our limited history of operating income and our net losses in 2015, 2014 and 2013, management has placed a full valuation allowance against the net deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014. The portion of the valuation allowance resulting from excess tax benefits on share based compensation that would be credited directly to contributed capital if recognized in subsequent periods is $7.1 million.

        The Company accounts for its uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740-10, Income Taxes and the amount of unrecognized tax benefits related to tax positions is not significant at December 31, 2015 and 2014.

XML

CAPITAL STOCK

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

CAPITAL STOCK

CAPITAL STOCK

13. CAPITAL STOCK

        Our authorized capital stock consists of 2,000,000 preferred shares, none of which were issued or outstanding at December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, and 120,000,000 common shares, no par value per share, of which the following shares were outstanding:

	2015		2014		2013
Shares outstanding as of December 31,		51,501,877		50,284,007		40,110,661
Summary of Share Issuances:
Share Issuances related to Equity Compensation:
Shares issued upon exercise of stock options by employees		657,998		711,516		478,411
Proceeds realized from stock option exercises	$	2,780,188	$	2,964,445	$	766,926
Average exercise price of options exercised	$	4.23	$	4.17	$	1.60
Restricted Stock Grants		850,000		740,000		310,000
Share issuances related to Warrant Exercises
Shares issued upon the exercise of warrants		—		904,886		130,833
Proceeds realized from warrant exercises		—	$	8,433,045	$	1,164,982
Share issuances related to Equity Offerings
Shares issued pursuant to equity offerings		—		7,816,944		17,496,721
Proceeds realized from equity offerings		—	$	69,780,967	$	49,664,324
Share issuances in Exchange for Services
Share issuances in Exchange for Services		—		—		200,000
Value of Shares issued in Exchange for Services		—		—	$	780,678

Common Shares

        Holders of the common shares are entitled to one vote per share on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders and are entitled to receive dividends when and if declared by the Board of Directors. The Board is authorized to issue additional common shares within the limits of the Company's Articles of Incorporation without further shareholder action, subject to applicable stock exchange rules.

Warrants

        As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, we had no outstanding warrants. During 2014, we realized $8,433,045 in net proceeds from the exercise of 904,886 warrants at an average exercise price of $9.32.

        We had 983,071 common share purchase warrants outstanding at December 31, 2013, all of which were exercisable as of December 31, 2013. During 2013, we agreed to extend the term of 1,008,336 common share purchase warrants until July 31, 2013 and incurred an expense of $927,669 related to the extension of these warrants. Outstanding warrants as of December 31, 2013 consisted of 883,071 warrants with an exercise price of $9.55 expiring on October 5, 2014 and 100,000 warrants with an exercise price of $10.25 expiring on March 31, 2014.

        Warrants were valued using the Black Scholes model. In 2013, we recognized $1,082,196 in expense related to services and consideration provided in exchange for warrants.

XML

LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS

LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS

14. LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS

Long Term Incentive Plan & Stock Options

        The Board of Directors adopted the Rockwell Medical, Inc., 2007 Long Term Incentive Plan ("LTIP") on April 11, 2007 as a replacement for the 1997 Stock Option Plan (the "Old Plan") which was terminated as to future grants. No options were granted under the Old Plan after 2006. There are 11,500,000 common shares reserved for issuance under the LTIP. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the "Committee") is responsible for the administration of the LTIP including the grant of stock based awards and other financial incentives including performance based incentives to employees, non-employee directors and consultants.

        The Committee determines the terms and conditions of options and other equity based incentives including, but not limited to, the number of shares, the exercise price, term of option and vesting requirements. The Committee approved stock option grants and restricted stock grants during 2015, 2014 and 2013. The stock option awards were granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company's stock on the date of the grant. The options expire 10 years from the date of grant or upon termination of employment and generally vest in three equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary of the date of grant.

Restricted Stock Grants

        We granted 850,000, 740,000 and 310,000 restricted shares in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively under the LTIP. These restricted stock grants were valued at the market price of our shares on the date of grant.

        During 2015, restricted stock grants aggregating 850,000 common shares were granted in October 2015 with a vesting date of approximately twenty months following the grant date. Vesting is conditioned upon continued employment with the Company.

        During 2014, restricted stock grants aggregating 320,000 shares were granted in January 2014 with a vesting date of approximately fourteen months after the grant date and an additional 420,000 common shares were granted in October 2014 with a vesting date of approximately seven months following the grant date with vesting conditioned upon continued employment with the Company.

        The 2013 grant vested on the fourteenth month anniversary of the grant with vesting conditioned upon continued employment with the Company.

	2015		2014		2013
Restricted Shares Granted		850,000		740,000		310,000
Average Market Value Per Share on Grant Date	$	8.23	$	9.42	$	3.94
Expense related to All Restricted Shares	$	3,694,496	$	5,497,274	$	1,961,501
Unearned Stock Based Compensation for All Restricted Stock Awards Attributable to Future Periods.	$	5,911,019

Stock Option Grants

        Our standard stock option agreement in the 2007 Plan allows for the payment of the exercise price of vested stock options either through cash remittance in exchange for newly issued shares, or through non-cash exchange of previously issued shares held by the recipient for at least six months in exchange for our newly issued shares. The 1997 Plan also allows for the retention of shares in payment of the exercise price and income tax withholding. The latter method results in no cash being received by us, but also results in a lower number of total shares being outstanding subsequently as a direct result of this exchange of shares. Shares returned to us in this manner would be retired.

        In 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company received cash proceeds of $2,780,188, $2,964,445 and $766,926, respectively, in exchange for shares issued upon the exercise of options during the year. No income tax benefits were recognized during 2015, 2014 and 2013 related to stock option activity as the Company has a full valuation allowance recorded against its deferred tax assets. However, tax benefits for the excess of the value of the shares issued over the price paid of $968,000, $3,228,000 and $609,000 were created in 2015, 2014, and 2013. The cumulative excess tax benefit at December 31, 2015 is $7.1 million, which when realized, will be credited directly to shareholders' equity.

        A summary of the status of the LTIP and the Old Plan is as follows:

	SHARES			WEIGHTED AVERAGE EXERCISE PRICE		AGGREGATE INTRINSIC VALUE
Outstanding at December 31, 2012		5,989,200			5.95	$	12,559,074
Granted		920,500			5.74
Exercised		(623,700	)		1.23	$	1,920,557
Forfeited		(58,000	)		8.31
Outstanding at December 31, 2013		6,228,000			6.27	$	25,956,880
Granted		1,731,500			9.43
Exercised		(1,029,016	)		2.88	$	2,964,445
Forfeited		(45,401	)		6.19
Outstanding at December 31, 2014		6,885,083			7.41	$	19,730,211
Granted		1,697,500			8.30
Exercised		(794,248	)		3.50	$	2,780,188
Forfeited		(29,333	)		6.91
Outstanding at December 31, 2015		7,759,002			7.84	$	18,648,477

OPTIONS OUTSTANDING						OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
RANGE OF EXERCISE PRICES	NUMBER OF OPTIONS		REMAINING CONTRACTUAL LIFE	WEIGHTED EXERCISE PRICE		NUMBER OF OPTIONS		WEIGHTED AVERAGE EXERCISE PRICE
$3.09 to $4.93		418,334	3.0 - 7.5 yrs.	$	3.30		390,556	$	3.29
$5.54 to $7.13		2,493,000	1.9 - 7.7 yrs.	$	6.43		2,248,001	$	6.47
$8.23 to 11.49		4,847,668	3.8 - 9.9 yrs.	$	8.95		2,005,834	$	9.22
Total		7,759,002	6.7 yrs.	$	7.84		4,644,391	$	7.39
Intrinsic Value	$	18,648,477				$	13,236,827

	NUMBER OF UNVESTED OPTIONS			WEIGHTED AVERAGE FAIR MARKET VALUE AT GRANT DATE
As of December 31, 2012		1,579,000
Granted		920,500		$	3.33
Forfeited		(58,000	)
Vested		(727,067	)
As of December 31, 2013		1,714,433
Granted		1,731,500		$	5.91
Forfeited		(45,401	)
Vested		(820,032	)
As of December 31, 2014		2,580,500
Granted		1,697,500		$	4.56
Forfeited		(28,333	)
Vested		(1,135,056	)
As of December 31, 2015		3,114,611

        The Company values stock options awarded using the Black-Scholes method. Assumptions used in the stock option valuations were:

	2015	2014	2013
Volatility of share price	58 - 61%	69 - 70%	59 - 67%
Risk free interest rate	1.5 - 1.7%	1.9 - 2.0%	0.1 - 2.0%
Expected option life	6 yrs.	6 yrs.	1 - 6 yrs.
Dividend Yield	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%

        We believe this valuation methodology is appropriate for estimating the fair value of stock options we grant to employees and directors which are subject to ASC 718-10 requirements. We primarily base our determination of expected volatility through our assessment of the historical volatility of our common shares. We do not believe that we are able to rely on our historical stock option exercise and post-vested termination activity to provide accurate data for estimating our expected term for use in determining the fair value of these options. Therefore, as allowed by Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 107, Share-Based Payment, we have opted to use the simplified method for estimating the expected option term equal to the midpoint between the vesting period and the contractual term. The contractual term of the option is 10 years from the date of grant and the vesting term of the option is three years from date of grant. Risk free interest rates utilized are based upon published U.S. Treasury yield curves at the date of the grant for the expected option term.

        For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, we recognized compensation expense of $5,193,481, $4,597,412 and $3,877,695 respectively related to options granted to employees under the LTIP with a corresponding credit to common stock. At December 31, 2015, the amount of unrecorded stock-based compensation expense for stock options attributable to future periods was approximately $11,953,417 which is expected to be amortized to expense over the remaining vesting periods of the options of 1 to 33 months.

        As of December 31, 2015, the remaining number of common shares available for equity awards under the LTIP was 504,027.

XML

RISK MANAGEMENT

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

RISK MANAGEMENT

RISK MANAGEMENT

15. RISK MANAGEMENT

Insurance

        We evaluate various kinds of risk that we are exposed to in our business. In our evaluation of risk, we evaluate options and alternatives to mitigating such risks. For certain insurable risks we may acquire insurance policies to protect against potential losses or to partially insure against certain risks. For our subsidiary, Rockwell Transportation, Inc., we maintain a partially uninsured workers' compensation plan. Under the policy, the Company's self-insurance retention is $350,000 per occurrence and $630,370 in aggregate coverage for the policy year ending July 1, 2016. The total amount at December 31, 2015 by which retention limits exceed the claims paid and accrued is approximately $630,000 for the policy year ending July 1, 2016. Estimated additional future claims subject to payment by the Company of approximately $127,349 has been accrued for the year ended December 31, 2015.

        At December 31, 2015, approximately $400,000 was held in cash collateral and escrow by the insurance carrier for workers' compensation insurance. At December 31, 2015 amounts held in cash collateral and escrow are included in prepaid expenses and other non-current assets in the consolidated financial statements.

XML

SUBSEQUENT EVENT

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

SUBSEQUENT EVENT.

SUBSEQUENT EVENT

16. SUBSEQUENT EVENT

        In February 2016, we announced that we entered into exclusive licensing and manufacturing supply agreements with Wanbang Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. ("Wanbang"), a subsidiary of Shanghai Fosun Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd., for the rights to commercialize the Company's Triferic® and Calcitriol drugs for ESRD patients, that also includes new therapeutic indications for Triferic®, in the People's Republic of China. Triferic® is the Company's proprietary iron replacement and hemoglobin maintenance drug for treating anemia. Calcitriol is the Company's generic (active vitamin D) injection for treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis patients.

        Under the terms of the agreement, Wanbang will become the exclusive distributor for Triferic® and Calcitriol in China for an initial commercial term of 10 years, with an extended term of 10 or more years based on achievement of annual minimum purchase requirements. In consideration for the exclusive rights, the Company will receive an upfront fee plus regulatory and revenue milestone payments totaling $39 million in aggregate of which $4 million was received in February 2016. Rockwell will receive ongoing earnings from product sales of Triferic® and Calcitriol, and other additional Triferic® therapeutic indications in China. The Company retains manufacturing responsibility for all products subject to this agreement. Wanbang is required to achieve annual minimum purchase requirements to retain exclusive commercialization rights. In addition to the hemodialysis indication, Wanbang has the exclusive right to develop and commercialize Triferic® for new therapeutic indications for the Chinese market. Wanbang is responsible for all clinical, regulatory and marketing expenses for Triferic® and Calcitriol in China as well as development and regulatory costs for new Triferic® indications.

XML

QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

17. QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

        The following is a summary of the quarterly results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

	First Quarter			Second Quarter			Third Quarter			Fourth Quarter
2015
Sales	$	13,883,961		$	12,955,576		$	14,378,528		$	14,132,637
Cost of Sales		11,571,618			10,889,619			11,875,122			12,076,489
Gross Profit		2,312,343			2,065,957			2,503,406			2,056,148
Selling, General and Administrative		5,325,761			3,835,596			3,827,904			6,089,606
Research and Product Development		799,591			885,259			1,246,727			2,029,736
Operating Income (Loss)		(3,813,009	)		(2,654,898	)		(2,571,225	)		(6,063,194	)
Interest and Investment Income, net		113,815			118,151			156,672			293,238
Interest Expense		—			—			—			—
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes		(3,699,194	))		(2,536,747	)		(2,414,553	)		(5,769,956	)
Income Tax Expense		—			—			—			—
Net Income (Loss)	$	(3,699,194	)	$	(2,536,747	)	$	(2,414,553	)	$	(5,769,956	)
Basic And Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share	$	(.07	)	$	(.05	)	$	(.05	)	$	(.12	)

	First Quarter			Second Quarter			Third Quarter			Fourth Quarter
2014
Sales	$	12,963,652		$	13,033,361		$	13,743,778		$	14,447,653
Cost of Sales		11,283,694			11,014,469			11,473,961			11,871,106
Gross Profit		1,679,958			2,018,892			2,269,817			2,576,547
Selling, General and Administrative		4,090,199			4,214,205			4,098,835			5,917,480
Research and Product Development		4,615,197			186,695			1,301,824			1,679,878
Operating Income (Loss)		(7,025,438	)		(2,382,008	)		(3,130,842	)		(5,020,811	)
Interest and Investment Income, net		74,215			69,633			55,263			187,144
Interest Expense		854,303			858,003			892,027			1,549,980
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes		(7,805,526	)		(3,170,378	)		(3,967,606	)		(6,383,647	)
Income Tax Expense		—			—			—			—
Net Income (Loss)	$	(7,805,526	)	$	(3,170,378	)	$	(3,967,606	)	$	(6,383,647	)
Basic And Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share	$	(.20	)	$	(.08	)	$	(.10	)	$	(.14	)

XML

SCHEDULE II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

SCHEDULE II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

SCHEDULE II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

SCHEDULE II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

	Balance at Beginning of Period		Additions		(Deductions)			Balance at End of Period
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:
Year ended December 31, 2015	$	52,213	$	72,877	$	(49,930	)	$	75,160
Year ended December 31, 2014	$	37,392	$	40,714	$	(25,893	)	$	52,213
Year ended December 31, 2013	$	26,257	$	37,392	$	(23,474	)	$	37,392
Inventory Reserve:
Year ended December 31, 2015	$	27,274	$	59,581	$	(76,193	)	$	10,662
Year ended December 31, 2014	$	35,009	$	19,701	$	(27,435	)	$	27,274
Year ended December 31, 2013	$	27,579	$	105,647	$	(98,217	)	$	35,009
Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance:
Year ended December 31, 2015	$	69,307,000	$	—	$	(293,000	)	$	69,014,000
Year ended December 31, 2014	$	56,272,000	$	13,035,000	$	—		$	69,307,000
Year ended December 31, 2013	$	38,266,000	$	18,006,000	$	—		$	56,272,000

        Allowances and reserves are deducted from the accounts to which they apply.

XML

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

        Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts for our wholly owned subsidiary, Rockwell Transportation, Inc.

        All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

        We recognize revenue at the time we transfer title to our products to our customers consistent with generally accepted accounting principles. Generally, we recognize revenue when our products are delivered to our customer's location consistent with our terms of sale. We recognize revenue for international shipments when title has transferred consistent with standard terms of sale.

        The initial payment of $20 million received pursuant to our long-term Exclusive Distribution Agreement (the "Distribution Agreement") with Baxter Healthcare Corporation ("Baxter") in October 2014 has been accounted for as deferred license revenue. Deferred license revenue is being recognized based on the proportion of product shipments to Baxter in each period to total expected sales volume for the term of the agreement. We also recognize delivery services and other administrative services provided under the Distribution Agreement as revenue at the time the services are provided.

        We require certain customers, mostly international customers, to pay for product prior to the transfer of title to the customer. Deposits received from customers and payments in advance for orders are recorded as liabilities under Customer Deposits until such time as orders are filled and title transfers to the customer consistent with our terms of sale. At December 31, 2015 and 2014 we had customer deposits of $264,879 and $183,890, respectively.

Shipping and Handling Revenue and Costs

Shipping and Handling Revenue and Costs

        Our products are generally priced on a delivered basis with the price of delivery included in the overall price of our products which is reported as sales. Separately identified freight and handling charges are also included in sales.

        We include shipping and handling costs, including expenses of Rockwell Transportation, Inc., in cost of sales.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

        We consider cash on hand, money market funds and unrestricted certificates of deposit with an original maturity of 90 days or less as cash and cash equivalents.

Investments Available for Sale

Investments Available for Sale

        Investments Available for Sale are short-term investments, consisting principally of investments in short term duration bond funds, and are stated at fair value based upon observed market prices (Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy). Unrealized holding gains or losses on these securities are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Realized gains and losses, including declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary on available-for-sale securities are included as a component of other income or expense.

        Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI") on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when conditions warrant such an evaluation. When evaluating investment securities, consideration is given to the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and whether the Company has the intent to sell the security or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before its anticipated recovery. The assessment of whether an OTTI exists involves a high degree of subjectivity and judgment and is based on the information available to management at a point in time.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable

        Accounts receivable are stated at invoice amounts. The carrying amount of trade accounts receivable is reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts that reflects our best estimate of accounts that may not be collected. We review outstanding trade accounts receivable balances and based on our assessment of expected collections, we estimate the portion, if any, of the balance that may not be collected as well as a general valuation allowance for other accounts receivable based primarily on historical experience. All accounts or portions thereof deemed to be uncollectible are written off to the allowance for doubtful accounts.

Inventory

Inventory

        Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined on the first-in first-out (FIFO) method.

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment

        Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Expenditures for normal maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Property and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line method over their useful lives, which range from three to ten years. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of their useful lives or the related lease term.

Licensing Fees

Licensing Fees

        License fees related to the technology, intellectual property and marketing rights for dialysate iron covered under certain issued patents have been capitalized and are being amortized over the life of the related patents which is generally 17 years.

Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Long Lived Assets

Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Long Lived Assets

        The recorded amounts of goodwill and other intangibles from prior business combinations are based on management's best estimates of the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is not amortized; however, it must be tested for impairment at least annually. Amortization continues to be recorded for other intangible assets with definite lives over their estimated useful lives. Intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for potential impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that carrying amounts may not be recoverable.

        An impairment review of goodwill, intangible assets, and property and equipment is performed annually or whenever a change in condition occurs which indicates that the carrying amounts of assets may not be recoverable. Such changes may include changes in our business strategies and plans, changes to our customer contracts, changes to our product lines and changes in our operating practices. We use a variety of factors to assess the realizable value of long-lived assets depending on their nature and use.

        The useful lives of other intangible assets are based on management's best estimates of the period over which the assets are expected to contribute directly or indirectly to our future cash flows. Management annually evaluates the remaining useful lives of intangible assets with finite useful lives to determine whether events and circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining amortization periods. It is reasonably possible that management's estimates of the carrying amount of goodwill and the remaining useful lives of other intangible assets may change in the near term.

Debt Issuance Costs

Debt Issuance Costs

        Debt issuance costs are capitalized and amortized over the term of the underlying debt instruments using the effective-interest rate method. Debt issuance costs are recorded as other assets.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

        We account for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-10, Income Taxes. A current tax liability or asset is recognized for the estimated taxes payable or refundable on tax returns for the year. Deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized for the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between book and tax accounting and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. A valuation allowance is established for deferred tax assets if we determine it to be more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

        The effects of tax positions are generally recognized in the financial statements consistent with amounts reflected in returns filed, or expected to be filed, with taxing authorities. For tax positions that the Company considers to be uncertain, current and deferred tax liabilities are recognized, or assets derecognized, when it is probable that an income tax liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability is reasonably estimable, or when it is probable that a tax benefit, such as a tax credit or loss carryforward, will be disallowed by a taxing authority. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits related to current tax positions is insignificant. The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense.

Research and Product Development

Research and Product Development

        We recognize research and product development costs as expenses as incurred. We incurred product development and research costs related to the commercial development, patent approval and regulatory approval of new products, including Triferic®, aggregating approximately $4,961,000, $7,784,000 and $39,382,000 in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Share Based Compensation

Share Based Compensation

        We measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for equity awards, including stock options, based on the grant date fair value of the awards in accordance with ASC 718-10, Compensation—Stock Compensation. The cost of equity based compensation is recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period of the awards.

        We estimate the fair value of compensation involving stock options utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. This model requires the input of several factors such as the expected option term, expected volatility of our stock price over the expected option term, and an expected forfeiture rate, and is subject to various assumptions. We believe the valuation methodology is appropriate for estimating the fair value of stock options we grant to employees and directors which are subject to ASC 718-10 requirements. These amounts are estimates and thus may not be reflective of actual future results or amounts ultimately realized by recipients of these grants.

Employee Retirement Plans

Employee Retirement Plans

        We are the sponsor of a non-contributory 401(k) Employee Savings Plan.

Earnings Per Share

Earnings per Share

        We computed our basic earnings (loss) per share using weighted average shares outstanding for each respective period. Diluted earnings per share also reflect the weighted average impact from the date of issuance of all potentially dilutive securities, consisting of stock options and common share purchase warrants, unless inclusion would have had an anti-dilutive effect. Actual weighted average shares outstanding used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share were:

	2015		2014		2013
Basic Weighted Average Shares Outstanding		50,068,129		41,404,999		32,882,333
Effect of Dilutive Securities		-0-		-0-		-0-
Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding		50,068,129		41,404,999		32,882,333

        For 2015, 2014 and 2013, the dilutive effect of stock options, unvested restricted share grants and common share purchase warrants have not been included in the average shares outstanding for the calculation of diluted loss per share as the effect would be anti-dilutive as a result of our net loss in these periods. The table below summarizes potentially dilutive securities.

	2015	2014	2013
Stock Options	7,759,000	6,898,000	6,228,000
Range of Exercise Prices of Stock Options	$3.09 - $11.49	$3.09 - $10.20	$2.79 - $11.44
Unvested Restricted Common Shares	850,000	740,000	545,000
Common Share Purchase Warrants	None	None	983,071
Range of Exercise Prices of Warrants	n/a	n/a	$9.55 - $10.25

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

        Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenue, expenses, gains, and losses be included in net income. Certain changes in assets and liabilities, however, such as unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities, are reported as a direct adjustment to the equity section of the balance sheet. Such items, along with net income (loss), are considered components of comprehensive income (loss). Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) consists solely of unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investment securities.

Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements

Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements

        The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

New Accounting Pronouncement

New Accounting Pronouncements

        In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which will supersede the current revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. The ASU is based on the principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The new guidance will be effective for the Company's year ending December 31, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. The ASU permits the new revenue recognition guidance to be applied using one of two retrospective application methods. The Company has not yet determined which application method it will use or the potential effects of the new standard on the financial statements, if any.

XML

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Schedule of weighted average shares outstanding used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share

	2015		2014		2013
Basic Weighted Average Shares Outstanding		50,068,129		41,404,999		32,882,333
Effect of Dilutive Securities		-0-		-0-		-0-
Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding		50,068,129		41,404,999		32,882,333

Summary of potentially dilutive securities

	2015	2014	2013
Stock Options	7,759,000	6,898,000	6,228,000
Range of Exercise Prices of Stock Options	$3.09 - $11.49	$3.09 - $10.20	$2.79 - $11.44
Unvested Restricted Common Shares	850,000	740,000	545,000
Common Share Purchase Warrants	None	None	983,071
Range of Exercise Prices of Warrants	n/a	n/a	$9.55 - $10.25

XML

FAIR MARKET VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

FAIR MARKET VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Schedule of carrying value and fair value of financial instruments other than trade receivables and payables

        Based on the foregoing methods and assumptions, the carrying value and fair value of the Company's financial instruments other than trade receivables and payables are as follows (in thousands):

	Carrying value		Fair value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
As of December 31, 2015
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	31,198	$	31,198	$	31,198	$	—	$	—
Investment securities available for sale		39,483		39,483		39,483		—		—
As of December 31, 2014
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	65,800	$	65,800	$	65,800	$	—	$	—
Investment securities available for sale		19,927		19,927		19,927		—		—

XML

INVENTORY (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

INVENTORY

Schedule components of inventory

	2015		2014
Raw Materials	$	5,504,915	$	2,197,143
Work in Process		165,910		197,106
Finished Goods		2,200,955		1,525,936
Total	$	7,871,780	$	3,920,185

XML

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Schedule of major classes of property and equipment, stated at cost

	2015			2014
Leasehold Improvements	$	682,992		$	581,990
Machinery and Equipment		7,042,836			6,635,380
Information Technology & Office Equipment		2,273,289			2,163,945
Laboratory Equipment		668,607			594,946
Transportation Equipment		273,109			319,209
		10,940,833			10,295,470
Accumulated Depreciation		(9,294,265	)		(8,798,558	)
Net Property and Equipment	$	1,646,568		$	1,496,912

Summary of depreciation expense

	2015		2014		2013
Depreciation expense	$	655,265	$	829,292	$	840,382

XML

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Schedule of costs are being amortized

	2015			2014			2013
Capitalized Licensing Fees	$	1,070,126		$	1,070,126		$	1,070,126
Accumulated Amortization		(904,469	)		(737,440	)		(570,411	)
Capitalized Licensing Fees, Net of Amortization	$	165,657		$	332,686		$	499,715
Amortization Expense	$	167,029		$	167,029		$	167,029

XML

ACCRUED LIABILITIES (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

ACCRUED LIABILITIES

Schedule of accrued liabilities

	2015		2014
Accrued Research & Development Expense	$	219,070	$	747,488
Accrued Compensation and Benefits		1,893,144		1,359,659
Other Accrued Liabilities		1,719,142		2,218,850
Total Accrued Liabilities	$	3,831,356	$	4,325,997

XML

OPERATING LEASES (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

OPERATING LEASES

Rent Expense Recognized Under Operating Leases

	2015		2014		2013
Rent Expense Recognized Under Operating Leases	$	2,301,930	$	2,075,919	$	2,163,281

Schedule of future minimum rental payments under operating lease agreements

Year ending December 31, 2016	$	2,000,012
Year ending December 31, 2017		1,872,569
Year ending December 31, 2018		1,735,223
Year ending December 31, 2019		1,322,660
Year ending December 31, 2020		600,488
Year ending December 31, 2021 and thereafter		286,560
Total	$	7,817,512

XML

INCOME TAXES (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

INCOME TAXES

Schedule of reconciliation of income tax expense at the statutory rate to income tax expense at Entity's effective tax rate

	2015			2014			2013
Tax Expense Computed at 34% of Pretax Income	$	(4,903,000	)	$	(7,251,000	)	$	(16,583,000	)
State Income Taxes		—			—			—
Effect of Change in Valuation Allowance		(4,903,000	)		(7,251,000	)		(16,583,000	)
Total Income Tax Expense	$	-0-		$	-0-		$	-0-

Schedule of details of the net deferred tax asset

	December 31,
	2015			2014
Deferred tax assets:
Net Operating Loss Carryforward	$	52,669,000		$	49,463,000
Stock Based Compensation		4,223,000			7,673,000
Deferred Revenue		5,920,000			6,627,000
General Business Credit		5,741,000			5,293,000
Accrued Expenses		511,000			393,000
Inventories		163,000			77,000
Book over Tax Depreciation		47,000			19,000
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts		26,000			18,000
Total Deferred Tax Assets		69,300,000			69,563,000
Deferred Tax Liabilities:
Goodwill & Intangible Assets		167,000			196,000
Prepaid Expenses		119,000			60,000
Total Deferred Tax Liabilities		286,000			256,000
Subtotal		69,014,000			69,307,000
Valuation Allowance		(69,014,000	)		(69,307,000	)
Net Deferred Tax Asset	$	-0-		$	-0-

XML

CAPITAL STOCK (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

CAPITAL STOCK

Summary of capital stock share issuances

	2015		2014		2013
Shares outstanding as of December 31,		51,501,877		50,284,007		40,110,661
Summary of Share Issuances:
Share Issuances related to Equity Compensation:
Shares issued upon exercise of stock options by employees		657,998		711,516		478,411
Proceeds realized from stock option exercises	$	2,780,188	$	2,964,445	$	766,926
Average exercise price of options exercised	$	4.23	$	4.17	$	1.60
Restricted Stock Grants		850,000		740,000		310,000
Share issuances related to Warrant Exercises
Shares issued upon the exercise of warrants		—		904,886		130,833
Proceeds realized from warrant exercises		—	$	8,433,045	$	1,164,982
Share issuances related to Equity Offerings
Shares issued pursuant to equity offerings		—		7,816,944		17,496,721
Proceeds realized from equity offerings		—	$	69,780,967	$	49,664,324
Share issuances in Exchange for Services
Share issuances in Exchange for Services		—		—		200,000
Value of Shares issued in Exchange for Services		—		—	$	780,678

XML

LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS

Schedule of restricted shares

	2015		2014		2013
Restricted Shares Granted		850,000		740,000		310,000
Average Market Value Per Share on Grant Date	$	8.23	$	9.42	$	3.94
Expense related to All Restricted Shares	$	3,694,496	$	5,497,274	$	1,961,501
Unearned Stock Based Compensation for All Restricted Stock Awards Attributable to Future Periods.	$	5,911,019

Summary of the status of the LTIP and the Old Plan

	SHARES			WEIGHTED AVERAGE EXERCISE PRICE		AGGREGATE INTRINSIC VALUE
Outstanding at December 31, 2012		5,989,200			5.95	$	12,559,074
Granted		920,500			5.74
Exercised		(623,700	)		1.23	$	1,920,557
Forfeited		(58,000	)		8.31
Outstanding at December 31, 2013		6,228,000			6.27	$	25,956,880
Granted		1,731,500			9.43
Exercised		(1,029,016	)		2.88	$	2,964,445
Forfeited		(45,401	)		6.19
Outstanding at December 31, 2014		6,885,083			7.41	$	19,730,211
Granted		1,697,500			8.30
Exercised		(794,248	)		3.50	$	2,780,188
Forfeited		(29,333	)		6.91
Outstanding at December 31, 2015		7,759,002			7.84	$	18,648,477

Schedule of options outstanding and options exercisable by range of exercise prices

OPTIONS OUTSTANDING						OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
RANGE OF EXERCISE PRICES	NUMBER OF OPTIONS		REMAINING CONTRACTUAL LIFE	WEIGHTED EXERCISE PRICE		NUMBER OF OPTIONS		WEIGHTED AVERAGE EXERCISE PRICE
$3.09 to $4.93		418,334	3.0 - 7.5 yrs.	$	3.30		390,556	$	3.29
$5.54 to $7.13		2,493,000	1.9 - 7.7 yrs.	$	6.43		2,248,001	$	6.47
$8.23 to 11.49		4,847,668	3.8 - 9.9 yrs.	$	8.95		2,005,834	$	9.22
Total		7,759,002	6.7 yrs.	$	7.84		4,644,391	$	7.39
Intrinsic Value	$	18,648,477				$	13,236,827

Schedule of unvested options

	NUMBER OF UNVESTED OPTIONS			WEIGHTED AVERAGE FAIR MARKET VALUE AT GRANT DATE
As of December 31, 2012		1,579,000
Granted		920,500		$	3.33
Forfeited		(58,000	)
Vested		(727,067	)
As of December 31, 2013		1,714,433
Granted		1,731,500		$	5.91
Forfeited		(45,401	)
Vested		(820,032	)
As of December 31, 2014		2,580,500
Granted		1,697,500		$	4.56
Forfeited		(28,333	)
Vested		(1,135,056	)
As of December 31, 2015		3,114,611

Schedule of assumptions used in stock option valuation

	2015	2014	2013
Volatility of share price	58 - 61%	69 - 70%	59 - 67%
Risk free interest rate	1.5 - 1.7%	1.9 - 2.0%	0.1 - 2.0%
Expected option life	6 yrs.	6 yrs.	1 - 6 yrs.
Dividend Yield	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%

XML

QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Summary of the quarterly results of operations

	First Quarter			Second Quarter			Third Quarter			Fourth Quarter
2015
Sales	$	13,883,961		$	12,955,576		$	14,378,528		$	14,132,637
Cost of Sales		11,571,618			10,889,619			11,875,122			12,076,489
Gross Profit		2,312,343			2,065,957			2,503,406			2,056,148
Selling, General and Administrative		5,325,761			3,835,596			3,827,904			6,089,606
Research and Product Development		799,591			885,259			1,246,727			2,029,736
Operating Income (Loss)		(3,813,009	)		(2,654,898	)		(2,571,225	)		(6,063,194	)
Interest and Investment Income, net		113,815			118,151			156,672			293,238
Interest Expense		—			—			—			—
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes		(3,699,194	))		(2,536,747	)		(2,414,553	)		(5,769,956	)
Income Tax Expense		—			—			—			—
Net Income (Loss)	$	(3,699,194	)	$	(2,536,747	)	$	(2,414,553	)	$	(5,769,956	)
Basic And Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share	$	(.07	)	$	(.05	)	$	(.05	)	$	(.12	)

	First Quarter			Second Quarter			Third Quarter			Fourth Quarter
2014
Sales	$	12,963,652		$	13,033,361		$	13,743,778		$	14,447,653
Cost of Sales		11,283,694			11,014,469			11,473,961			11,871,106
Gross Profit		1,679,958			2,018,892			2,269,817			2,576,547
Selling, General and Administrative		4,090,199			4,214,205			4,098,835			5,917,480
Research and Product Development		4,615,197			186,695			1,301,824			1,679,878
Operating Income (Loss)		(7,025,438	)		(2,382,008	)		(3,130,842	)		(5,020,811	)
Interest and Investment Income, net		74,215			69,633			55,263			187,144
Interest Expense		854,303			858,003			892,027			1,549,980
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes		(7,805,526	)		(3,170,378	)		(3,967,606	)		(6,383,647	)
Income Tax Expense		—			—			—			—
Net Income (Loss)	$	(7,805,526	)	$	(3,170,378	)	$	(3,967,606	)	$	(6,383,647	)
Basic And Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share	$	(.20	)	$	(.08	)	$	(.10	)	$	(.14	)

XML

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Revenue Recognition, PPE, Licensing and Research (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Sep. 30, 2015	Jun. 30, 2015	Mar. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Sep. 30, 2014	Jun. 30, 2014	Mar. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013	Oct. 02, 2014
Revenue Recognition
Deferred License Revenue	$ 17,410,852				$ 19,492,520				$ 17,410,852	$ 19,492,520
Research and Product Development
Product development and research costs	2,029,736	$ 1,246,727	$ 885,259	$ 799,591	1,679,878	$ 1,301,824	$ 186,695	$ 4,615,197	4,961,313	7,783,594	$ 39,382,037
Customer Deposits	$ 264,879				$ 183,890				$ 264,879	$ 183,890
Patents
Licensing Fees
Useful life									17 years
Minimum
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Useful life									3 years
Maximum
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Useful life									10 years
Baxter Healthcare Organization
Revenue Recognition
Deferred License Revenue												$ 20,000,000

XML

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Stock Options, Warrants, and Restricted Common Stock (Details) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Weighted average shares outstanding used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share
Basic Weighted Average Shares Outstanding	50,068,129	41,404,999	32,882,333
Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding	50,068,129	41,404,999	32,882,333
Net Earnings per Share
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 9.32
Stock options
Net Earnings per Share
Securities excluded from diluted loss per share calculation	7,759,000	6,898,000	6,228,000
Stock options | Minimum
Net Earnings per Share
Exercisable price (in dollars per share)	$ 3.09	$ 3.09	$ 2.79
Stock options | Maximum
Net Earnings per Share
Exercisable price (in dollars per share)	$ 11.49	$ 10.20	$ 11.44
PURCHASE WARRANTS
Net Earnings per Share
Securities excluded from diluted loss per share calculation			983,071
PURCHASE WARRANTS | Minimum
Net Earnings per Share
Exercise price (in dollars per share)			$ 9.55
PURCHASE WARRANTS | Maximum
Net Earnings per Share
Exercise price (in dollars per share)			$ 10.25
Restricted common shares
Net Earnings per Share
Securities excluded from diluted loss per share calculation	850,000	740,000	545,000

XML

FAIR MARKET VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Financial assets
Investment securities available for sale	$ 1,468,656	$ 4,976,000
Carrying value
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	31,198,000	65,800,000
Investment securities available for sale	39,483,000	19,927,000
Fair value
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	31,198,000	65,800,000
Investment securities available for sale	39,483,000	19,927,000
Level 1 | Fair value
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	31,198,000	65,800,000
Investment securities available for sale	$ 39,483,000	$ 19,927,000

XML

INVESTMENTS IN AVAILABLE FOR SALE SECURITIES (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
INVESTMENTS IN AVAILABLE FOR SALE SECURITIES
Investments Available for Sale	$ 39,482,732	$ 19,927,310
Market value of securities purchased	21,800,000	13,100,000	$ 12,002,203
Unrealized gains	69,877	7,161
Unrealized losses	985,373	204,830
Market value of securities sold	1,468,656	4,976,000
Average cost basis	1,526,751	4,977,223
Realized gains		28,430
Realized losses	$ 58,095	$ 29,653

XML

SIGNIFICANT MARKET SEGMENTS (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($) customer segment	Dec. 31, 2014 USD ($) customer segment	Dec. 31, 2013 customer segment
SIGNIFICANT MARKET SEGMENTS
Number of operating market segment | segment	1
Significant market segments
Accounts receivable	$ 5,046,733	$ 4,472,002
Assets	$ 87,822,125	$ 97,999,716
Sales | Total international sales, including sales to domestic distributors
Significant market segments
Concentration risk (as a percent)	13.00%	13.00%	12.00%
Sales | Customer concentration
Significant market segments
Customers accounted for more than 10% of sales | customer	0	0	0
Sales | Customer concentration | Foreign customers and distributors | Maximum
Significant market segments
Concentration risk (as a percent)	5.00%	5.00%	5.00%
DaVita Healthcare Partners, Inc. | Customer concentration
Significant market segments
Number of customers | segment	1	1	1
Accounts receivable	$ 2,156,000	$ 2,041,000
DaVita Healthcare Partners, Inc. | Sales | Customer concentration
Significant market segments
Concentration risk (as a percent)	48.00%	49.00%	49.00%
Baxter Healthcare Organization | Customer concentration
Significant market segments
Accounts receivable	$ 2,088,000
Baxter Healthcare Organization | Sales | Customer concentration
Significant market segments
Concentration risk (as a percent)	36.00%

XML

DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT (Details) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
	Oct. 02, 2014	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Deferred License Revenue		$ 17,410,852	$ 19,492,520
Recognized Distribution Agreement Income		(2,081,668)	(507,480)
Baxter Healthcare Organization
Distribution agreement term	10 years
Deferred License Revenue	$ 20,000,000
Recognized Distribution Agreement Income		$ 2,081,668	$ 507,480
Agreement termination notice period	270 days
Agreement termination significant price increase notice period	45 days
Agreement termination limited non-compete period	2 years
Agreement Refund Trigger Event repayment percent first criteria	50.00%
Agreement Refund Trigger Event repayment percent second criteria	33.00%
Agreement Refund Trigger Event repayment percent third criteria	25.00%
Agreement property infringement repayment amount first criteria	$ 10,000,000
Agreement property infringement repayment amount second criteria	$ 6,600,000
Agreement prepayment secured long-term indebtedness period	180 days
Facility Fee	$ 10,000,000
Facility Fee reduction period	12 months
Agreement extension period	5 years
Agreement extension period two	5 years
Extension fee	$ 7,500,000

XML

INVENTORY (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
INVENTORY
Raw Materials	$ 5,504,915	$ 2,197,143
Work in Process	165,910	197,106
Finished Goods	2,200,955	1,525,936
Total	$ 7,871,780	$ 3,920,185

XML

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Property and equipment
Gross Property and Equipment	$ 10,940,833	$ 10,295,470
Accumulated Depreciation	(9,294,265)	(8,798,558)
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	1,646,568	1,496,912
Depreciation expense	655,265	829,292	$ 840,382
Leasehold Improvements
Property and equipment
Gross Property and Equipment	682,992	581,990
Machinery and Equipment
Property and equipment
Gross Property and Equipment	7,042,836	6,635,380
Information Technology & Office Equipment
Property and equipment
Gross Property and Equipment	2,273,289	2,163,945
Laboratory Equipment
Property and equipment
Gross Property and Equipment	668,607	594,946
Transportation Equipment
Property and equipment
Gross Property and Equipment	$ 273,109	$ 319,209

XML

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013	Dec. 31, 2011
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill	$ 920,745	$ 920,745
Adjustment for impairment of goodwill	0	0
Intangible assets
Milestone License Expense	275,000
Estimated amortization expense
2016	166,000
Global licensing agreement
Intangible assets
Capitalized Licensing Fees	1,070,126	1,070,126	$ 1,070,126
Accumulated Amortization	(904,469)	(737,440)	(570,411)
Capitalized Licensing Fees, Net of Amortization	165,657	332,686	499,715
Amortization expense	$ 167,029	$ 167,029	$ 167,029
ANDA
Intangible assets
Amortization period	5 years
Capitalized Licensing Fees, Net of Amortization				$ 695,000

XML

ACCRUED LIABILITIES (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Accrued Research & Development Expense	$ 219,070	$ 747,488
Accrued Compensation and Benefits	1,893,144	1,359,659
Other Accrued Liabilities	1,719,142	2,218,850
Total Accrued Liabilities	$ 3,831,356	$ 4,325,997

XML

OPERATING LEASES (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($) ft²	Dec. 31, 2014 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2013 USD ($)
OPERATING LEASES
Area occupied by Entity (in square feet) | ft²	51,000
Rent Expense Recognized Under Operating Leases	$ 2,301,930	$ 2,075,919	$ 2,163,281
Future minimum rental payments under operating lease agreements
Year ending December 31, 2016	2,000,012
Year ending December 31, 2017	1,872,569
Year ending December 31, 2018	1,735,223
Year ending December 31, 2019	1,322,660
Year ending December 31, 2020	600,488
Year ending December 31, 2021 and thereafter	286,560
Total	$ 7,817,512
Maximum
OPERATING LEASES
Lease term	7 years
Michigan
OPERATING LEASES
Area occupied by Entity (in square feet) | ft²	17,500
Texas
OPERATING LEASES
Area occupied by Entity (in square feet) | ft²	51,000
South Carolina
OPERATING LEASES
Area occupied by Entity (in square feet) | ft²	57,000

XML

INCOME TAXES (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
INCOME TAXES
Statutory rate (as a percent)	34.00%
Reconciliation of income tax expense at the statutory rate to income tax expense at Entity's effective tax rate
Tax Expense Computed at 34 % of Pretax Income	$ (4,903,000)	$ (7,251,000)	$ (16,583,000)
Effect of Change in Valuation Allowance	(4,903,000)	(7,251,000)	(16,583,000)
Total Income Tax Expense	0	0	$ 0
Deferred tax assets:
Net Operating Loss Carryforward	52,669,000	49,463,000
Stock Based Compensation	4,223,000	7,673,000
Deferred Revenue	5,920,000	6,627,000
General Business Credit	5,741,000	5,293,000
Accrued Expenses	511,000	393,000
Inventories	163,000	77,000
Book over Tax Depreciation	47,000	19,000
Accounts Receivable	26,000	18,000
Total Deferred Tax Assets	69,300,000	69,563,000
Deferred Tax Liabilities:
Goodwill & Intangible Assets	167,000	196,000
Prepaid Expenses	119,000	60,000
Total Deferred Tax Liabilities	286,000	256,000
Subtotal	69,014,000	69,307,000
Valuation Allowance	(69,014,000)	(69,307,000)
Net Deferred Tax Asset	0	$ 0
Net operating loss carryforwards	154,900,000
Excess tax benefits on share based compensation that would be credited directly to contributed capital, if recognized	$ 7,100,000

XML

CAPITAL STOCK - Shares (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($) Vote $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2014 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2013 USD ($) $ / shares shares
CAPITAL STOCK
Preferred Shares, shares authorized	2,000,000	2,000,000	2,000,000
Preferred Shares, shares issued	0	0	0
Preferred Shares, shares outstanding	0	0	0
Common Shares, shares authorized	120,000,000	120,000,000	120,000,000
Common Shares, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Common Shares, shares outstanding	51,501,877	50,284,007	40,110,661
Share Issuances related to Equity Compensation:
Shares issued upon exercise of stock options by employees	657,998	711,516	478,411
Proceeds realized from stock option exercises (in dollars) | $	$ 2,780,188	$ 2,964,445	$ 766,926
Average exercise price of options exercised (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 4.23	$ 4.17	$ 1.60
Restricted Stock Grants (in shares)	850,000	740,000	310,000
Share issuances related to Warrant Exercises
Shares issued upon the exercise of warrants		904,886	130,833
Proceeds realized from warrant exercises (in dollars) | $		$ 8,433,045	$ 1,164,982
Share issuances related to Equity Offerings
Shares issued pursuant to equity offerings		7,816,944	17,496,721
Proceeds realized from equity offerings (in dollars) | $		$ 69,780,967	$ 49,664,324
Share issuances in Exchange for Services
Share issuances in Exchange for Services			200,000
Value of Shares issued in Exchange for Services (in dollars) | $			$ 780,678
Number of votes per common share | Vote	1

XML

CAPITAL STOCK - Warrants (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013	Dec. 31, 2015
Share issuances related to Warrant Exercises
Shares issued upon the exercise of warrants	904,886	130,833
Proceeds realized from warrant exercises (in dollars)	$ 8,433,045	$ 1,164,982
Outstanding common share purchase warrants	0	983,071	0
Exercise price (in dollars per share)			$ 9.32
Expense recognized related to services and consideration provided in exchange for warrants		$ 1,082,196
Warrants expiring on July 31, 2013
Share issuances related to Warrant Exercises
Number of warrants whose term is changed (in shares)		1,008,336
Expense recognized due to change in term of warrants		$ 927,669
Warrants expiring on October 5, 2014
Share issuances related to Warrant Exercises
Outstanding common share purchase warrants		883,071
Exercisable common share purchase warrants		9.55
Warrants expiring on March 31, 2014
Share issuances related to Warrant Exercises
Number of warrants whose term is changed (in shares)		100,000
Expense recognized due to change in term of warrants		$ 10.25

XML

LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS - Summary of LTIP (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended			12 Months Ended			96 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2015	Oct. 31, 2014	Jan. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2012
Additional disclosures
Restricted Shares Granted				850,000	740,000	310,000
Cash proceeds received upon the exercise of options				$ (2,780,188)	$ (2,964,445)	$ (766,926)
Income tax benefits related to stock option activity				968,000	$ 3,228,000	$ 609,000
Excess tax benefits on share based compensation that would be credited directly to contributed capital, if recognized				$ 7,100,000
WEIGHTED AVERAGE EXERCISE PRICE
Exercised (in dollars per share)				$ 4.23	$ 4.17	$ 1.60
AGGREGATE INTRINSIC VALUE
Outstanding (in dollars)				$ 18,648,477	$ 19,730,211	$ 25,956,880	$ 19,730,211	$ 12,559,074
Exercised (in dollars)				$ 2,780,188
Stock options
LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS
Options granted (in shares)				1,697,500	1,731,500	920,500
Expiration term				10 years
Vesting period				3 years
Additional disclosures
Minimum period for which previously issued shares are to be held by the recipient for non-cash exchange to newly issued shares				6 months
Cash proceeds received upon the exercise of options				$ 2,780,188	$ 2,964,445	$ 766,926
SHARES
Outstanding at the beginning of the period (in shares)			6,228,000	6,885,083	6,228,000	5,989,200
Granted (in shares)				1,697,500	1,731,500	920,500
Exercised (in shares)				(794,248)	(1,029,016)	(623,700)
Forfeited (in shares)				(29,333)	(45,401)	(58,000)
Outstanding at the end of the period (in shares)				7,759,002	6,885,083	6,228,000	6,885,083
WEIGHTED AVERAGE EXERCISE PRICE
Outstanding at the beginning of the period (in dollars per share)			$ 6.27	$ 7.41	$ 6.27	$ 5.95
Granted (in dollars per share)				8.30	9.43	5.74
Exercised (in dollars per share)				3.50	2.88	1.23
Forfeited (in dollars per share)				6.91	6.19	8.31
Outstanding at the end of the period (in dollars per share)				$ 7.84	$ 7.41	$ 6.27	$ 7.41
AGGREGATE INTRINSIC VALUE
Exercised (in dollars)					$ 2,964,445	$ 1,920,557
LTIP
LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS
Number of common shares reserved for issuance				11,500,000
LTIP | Stock options
LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS
Expiration term				10 years
Vesting period				3 years
Additional disclosures
Expense related to All Restricted Shares				$ 5,193,481	$ 4,597,412	$ 3,877,695
LTIP | Restricted common shares
Additional disclosures
Restricted Shares Granted				850,000	740,000	310,000
Average Market Value Per Share on Grant Date				$ 8.23	$ 9.42	$ 3.94
Expense related to All Restricted Shares				$ 3,694,496	$ 5,497,274	$ 1,961,501
Unearned Stock Based Compensation for All Restricted Stock Awards Attributable to Future Periods				$ 5,911,019
LTIP | Restricted common shares | 2014 grant
LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS
Vesting period		7 months	14 months
Additional disclosures
Restricted Shares Granted		420,000	320,000
LTIP | Restricted common shares | 2015 grant
LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS
Vesting period	20 months
Additional disclosures
Restricted Shares Granted	850,000
Old Plan
LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS
Options granted (in shares)							0
SHARES
Granted (in shares)							0

XML

LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS - Options (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013	Dec. 31, 2012
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
NUMBER OF OPTIONS (in shares)	7,759,002
REMAINING CONTRACTUAL LIFE	6 years 8 months 12 days
WEIGHTED EXERCISE PRICE (in dollars per share)	$ 7.84
Intrinsic Value (in dollars)	$ 18,648,477	$ 19,730,211	$ 25,956,880	$ 12,559,074
OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
NUMBER OF OPTIONS (in shares)	4,644,391
WEIGHTED EXERCISE PRICE (in dollars per share)	$ 7.39
Intrinsic Value (in dollars)	$ 13,236,827
$3.09 to $4.93
LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS
Exercise price, low end of range (in dollars per share)	$ 3.09
Exercise price, high end of range (in dollars per share)	$ 4.93
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
NUMBER OF OPTIONS (in shares)	418,334
WEIGHTED EXERCISE PRICE (in dollars per share)	$ 3.30
OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
NUMBER OF OPTIONS (in shares)	390,556
WEIGHTED EXERCISE PRICE (in dollars per share)	$ 3.29
$3.09 to $4.93 | Minimum
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
REMAINING CONTRACTUAL LIFE	3 years
$3.09 to $4.93 | Maximum
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
REMAINING CONTRACTUAL LIFE	7 years 6 months
$5.54 to $7.13
LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS
Exercise price, low end of range (in dollars per share)	$ 5.54
Exercise price, high end of range (in dollars per share)	$ 7.13
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
NUMBER OF OPTIONS (in shares)	2,493,000
WEIGHTED EXERCISE PRICE (in dollars per share)	$ 6.43
OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
NUMBER OF OPTIONS (in shares)	2,248,001
WEIGHTED EXERCISE PRICE (in dollars per share)	$ 6.47
$5.54 to $7.13 | Minimum
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
REMAINING CONTRACTUAL LIFE	1 year 10 months 24 days
$5.54 to $7.13 | Maximum
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
REMAINING CONTRACTUAL LIFE	7 years 8 months 12 days
$8.23 to $11.49
LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS
Exercise price, low end of range (in dollars per share)	$ 8.23
Exercise price, high end of range (in dollars per share)	$ 11.49
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
NUMBER OF OPTIONS (in shares)	4,847,668
WEIGHTED EXERCISE PRICE (in dollars per share)	$ 8.95
OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
NUMBER OF OPTIONS (in shares)	2,005,834
WEIGHTED EXERCISE PRICE (in dollars per share)	$ 9.22
$8.23 to $11.49 | Minimum
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
REMAINING CONTRACTUAL LIFE	3 years 9 months 18 days
$8.23 to $11.49 | Maximum
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
REMAINING CONTRACTUAL LIFE	9 years 10 months 24 days

XML

LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN & STOCK OPTIONS - Unvested Options and Value (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013	Dec. 31, 2012
Stock options
NUMBER OF UNVESTED OPTIONS
Beginning of the period (in shares)	2,580,500	1,714,433	1,579,000
Granted (in shares)	1,697,500	1,731,500	920,500
Forfeited (in shares)	(28,333)	(45,401)	(58,000)
Vested (in shares)	(1,135,056)	(820,032)	(727,067)
End of the period (in shares)	3,114,611	2,580,500	1,714,433	1,579,000
WEIGHTED AVERAGE FAIR MARKET VALUE AT GRANT DATE
Granted (in dollars per share)	$ 4.56	$ 5.91	$ 3.33
Assumptions used to estimate the fair market value of stock options granted
Expected option life	6 years		6 years	6 years
Dividend yield (as a percent)	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Additional disclosures
Expiration term	10 years
Vesting period	3 years
Stock options | Minimum
Assumptions used to estimate the fair market value of stock options granted
Volatility of share price (as a percent)	58.00%	69.00%	59.00%
Risk free interest rate (as a percent)	1.50%	1.90%	0.10%
Expected option life			6 years
Stock options | Maximum
Assumptions used to estimate the fair market value of stock options granted
Volatility of share price (as a percent)	61.00%	70.00%	67.00%
Risk free interest rate (as a percent)	1.70%	2.00%	2.00%
Expected option life		6 years
LTIP
Additional disclosures
Remaining number of common shares available for equity awards	504,027
LTIP | Stock options
Additional disclosures
Expiration term	10 years
Vesting period	3 years
Compensation expense (in dollars)	$ 5,193,481	$ 4,597,412	$ 3,877,695
Unrecorded stock-based compensation expense (in dollars)	$ 11,953,417
LTIP | Stock options | Minimum
Additional disclosures
Vesting period	1 month
LTIP | Stock options | Maximum
Additional disclosures
Vesting period	33 months

XML

RISK MANAGEMENT (Details) - Rockwell Transportation, Inc	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($)
Risk management
Self insurance retention per occurrence	$ 350,000
Aggregate coverage	630,370
Retention limit in excess of claims paid and accrued	630,000
Estimated additional future claims	127,349
Cash collateral and escrow held by insurance carrier for workers' compensation insurance	$ 400,000

XML

SUBSEQUENT EVENT (Details) - Subsequent event - Wanbang Biopharmaceutical	1 Months Ended
	Feb. 29, 2016 USD ($)
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Initial commercial term	10 years
Extended commercial term	10 years
Upfront fees plus regulatory and revenue milestone payments	$ 39,000,000
Upfront fee received	$ 4

XML

QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Sep. 30, 2015	Jun. 30, 2015	Mar. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Sep. 30, 2014	Jun. 30, 2014	Mar. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Sales	$ 14,132,637	$ 14,378,528	$ 12,955,576	$ 13,883,961	$ 14,447,653	$ 13,743,778	$ 13,033,361	$ 12,963,652	$ 55,350,702	$ 54,188,444	$ 52,379,543
Cost of Sales	12,076,489	11,875,122	10,889,619	11,571,618	11,871,106	11,473,961	11,014,469	11,283,694	46,412,848	45,643,231	45,720,323
Gross Profit	2,056,148	2,503,406	2,065,957	2,312,343	2,576,547	2,269,817	2,018,892	1,679,958	8,937,854	8,545,213	6,659,220
Selling, General and Administrative	6,089,606	3,827,904	3,835,596	5,325,761	5,917,480	4,098,835	4,214,205	4,090,199	19,078,867	18,320,720	14,336,449
Research and Product Development	2,029,736	1,246,727	885,259	799,591	1,679,878	1,301,824	186,695	4,615,197	4,961,313	7,783,594	39,382,037
Operating Income (Loss)	(6,063,194)	(2,571,225)	(2,654,898)	(3,813,009)	(5,020,811)	(3,130,842)	(2,382,008)	(7,025,438)	(15,102,326)	(17,559,101)	(47,059,266)
Interest and Investment Income, net	293,238	156,672	118,151	113,815	187,144	55,263	69,633	74,215	681,876	386,257	98,101
Interest (Expense)					1,549,980	892,027	858,003	854,303		4,154,313	1,822,147
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes	(5,769,956)	(2,414,553)	(2,536,747)	(3,699,194)	(6,383,647)	(3,967,606)	(3,170,378)	(7,805,526)	(14,420,450)	(21,327,157)	(48,783,312)
Income Tax Expense									0	0	0
Net Income (Loss)	$ (5,769,956)	$ (2,414,553)	$ (2,536,747)	$ (3,699,194)	$ (6,383,647)	$ (3,967,606)	$ (3,170,378)	$ (7,805,526)	$ (14,420,450)	$ (21,327,157)	$ (48,783,312)
Basic And Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share (in dollars per share)	$ (0.12)	$ (0.05)	$ (0.05)	$ (0.07)	$ (0.14)	$ (0.10)	$ (0.08)	$ (0.20)	$ (0.29)	$ (0.52)	$ (1.48)

XML

SCHEDULE II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Balance at Beginning of Period	$ 52,213	$ 37,392	$ 26,257
Additions	72,877	40,714	37,392
(Deductions)	(49,930)	(25,893)	(23,474)
Balance at End of Period	75,160	52,213	37,392
Inventory Reserve
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Balance at Beginning of Period	27,274	35,009	27,579
Additions	59,581	19,701	105,647
(Deductions)	(76,193)	(27,435)	(98,217)
Balance at End of Period	10,662	27,274	35,009
Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Balance at Beginning of Period	69,307,000	56,272,000	38,266,000
Additions		13,035,000	18,006,000
(Deductions)	(293,000)
Balance at End of Period	$ 69,014,000	$ 69,307,000	$ 56,272,000