Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2013

Principles of consolidation

Principles of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Syntel, Inc., a Michigan corporation (“Syntel”), its wholly owned subsidiaries and a joint venture and its subsidiary. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated.

The wholly owned subsidiaries of Syntel, Inc. are:

• Syntel Limited, an Indian limited liability company (“Syntel India”);

• Syntel (Singapore) PTE Limited, a Singapore limited liability company(“Syntel Singapore”);

• Syntel Europe Limited, a United Kingdom limited liability company (“Syntel Europe”);

• Syntel Canada Inc., an Ontario limited liability company;

• Syntel Deutschland GmbH, a German limited liability company;

• Syntel (Hong Kong) Limited, a Hong Kong limited liability company;

• Syntel Delaware, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Syntel Delaware”);

• SkillBay LLC, a Michigan limited liability company (“SkillBay”);

• Syntel (Mauritius) Limited, a Mauritius limited liability company (“Syntel Mauritius”);

• Syntel Consulting Inc., a Michigan corporation (“Syntel Consulting”);

• Syntel Holding (Mauritius) Limited, a Mauritius limited liability company (“SHML”);

• Syntel Worldwide (Mauritius) Limited, a Mauritius limited liability company; and

• Syntel (Australia) Pty. Ltd., an Australian limited liability company.

The partially owned joint venture of Syntel Delaware is:

• State Street Syntel Services (Mauritius) Limited, a Mauritius limited liability company (“SSSSML”).

The wholly owned subsidiary of SSSSML is:

• State Street Syntel Services Private Limited, an Indian limited liability company (“SSSSPL”).

The wholly owned subsidiaries of Syntel Mauritius are:

• Syntel International Private Limited, an Indian limited liability company (“SIPL”); and

• Syntel Global Private Limited, an Indian limited liability company.

The wholly owned subsidiaries of SHML are:

• Syntel Services Private Limited, an Indian limited liability company; and

• Syntel Solutions (Mauritius) Limited, a Mauritius limited liability company (“SSML”).

The wholly owned subsidiary of SSML is:

• Syntel Solutions (India) Private Limited, an Indian limited liability company.

The wholly owned subsidiaries of Syntel Europe are:

• Intellisourcing, SARL, a French limited liability company.

• Syntel Solutions BV, a Netherlands limited liability company.

The wholly owned subsidiary of Syntel Singapore is:

• Syntel Infotech, Inc., a Philippines corporation.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue recognition

The Company recognizes revenues from time-and-materials contracts as the services are performed.

Revenue from fixed-price applications management, maintenance and support engagements is recognized as earned which generally results in straight-line revenue recognition as services are performed continuously over the term of the engagement.

Revenue on fixed-price, applications development and integration projects in the Company’s application outsourcing and e-Business segments are measured using the proportional performance method of accounting. Performance is generally measured based upon the efforts incurred to date in relation to the total estimated efforts to the completion of the contract. The Company monitors estimates of total contract revenues and costs on a routine basis throughout the delivery period. The cumulative impact of any change in estimates of the contract revenues or costs is reflected in the period in which the changes become known. In the event that a loss is anticipated on a particular contract, provision is made for the estimated loss. The Company issues invoices related to fixed-price contracts based on either the achievement of milestones during a project or other contractual terms. Differences between the timing of billings and the recognition of revenue based upon the proportional performance method of accounting are recorded as revenue earned in excess of billings or deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Revenues are reported net of sales incentives to customers.

Reimbursements of out-of-pocket expenses are included in revenue in accordance with revenue guidance in the FASB Codification.

Stock-Based Employee Compensation Plans

Stock-based employee compensation plans

The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated financial statements for awards of equity instruments to employees and non-employee directors based on the grant-date fair value of those awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting term. The benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation expense is reported as a financing cash flow.

Derivative instruments and hedging activities

Derivative instruments and hedging activities

The Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts where the counter party is a bank. The Company purchases foreign exchange forward contracts to mitigate the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates on cash flows denominated in certain foreign currencies. These contracts are carried at fair value with resulting gains or losses included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income in other income, net.

During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company entered into foreign exchange forward contracts with a notional amount of $341.0 million with maturity dates of one to seven months. During the year ended December 31, 2013, contracts amounting to $341.0 million expired resulting in a loss of $18.05 million. The loss for the direct customer related contracts is $11.26 million, which is recorded as an offset to other income, and loss for the intercompany related contracts is $6.79 million. At December 31, 2013, no foreign exchange forward contracts were outstanding.

During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company did not enter into currency option contracts.

During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company entered into foreign exchange forward contracts with a notional amount of $255.0 million with maturity dates of one to four months. During the year ended December 31, 2012, contracts amounting to $315.0 million expired resulting in a loss of $4.37 million. The loss for the direct customer related contracts is $2.81 million is recorded as an offset to other income and loss for the inter company related contracts is $1.56 million. At December 31, 2012, no foreign exchange forward contracts were outstanding.

During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company did not enter into currency option contracts.

During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company entered into foreign exchange forward contracts with a notional amount of $185.0 million with maturity dates of one to nine months. During the year ended December 31, 2011, contracts amounting to $165.0 million expired resulting in a loss of $8.95 million. The loss for the direct customer related contracts is $4.89 million, which is recorded as an offset to other income and loss for the inter company related contracts is $4.08 million. At December 31, 2011, foreign exchange forward contracts amounting $ 60.0 million were outstanding. The fair value of the foreign exchange forward contracts is $2.6 million, which is reflected in other current liabilities in the balance sheet of the Company as at December 31, 2011, with a corresponding debit to offset other income.

During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company did not enter into currency option contracts.

Summary information about the forward contracts to sell U.S. Dollars and buy Indian rupees as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 is as follows:

	December 31, 2013	December 31, 2012
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:
Notional amounts (in thousands)	$—	$—
Weighted exchange rate	—	—
Weighted average maturity	n/a	n/a
Fair values reported in:
Other assets (in thousands)	—	—
Other liabilities (in thousands)	$—	$—

The following table presents the net losses recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) relating to the foreign exchange contracts designated as net investment hedges for the periods ending December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011.

Losses on derivatives

	2013			2012			2011
	(In thousands)
Losses recognized in Other Comprehensive Loss	$	(6,796	)	$	(1,558	)	$	(4,077	)

Summary information about the derivatives not designated as hedges as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 is as follows:

	December 31, 2013		December 31, 2012
Derivatives not designated as hedges:
Notional amounts (in thousands)	$	—	$	—
Weighted exchange		n/a		n/a
Weighted average maturity		n/a		n/a
Fair values reported in:
Other assets (in thousands)		—		—
Other liabilities (in thousands)	$	—	$	—

The following table presents the net losses recorded in other income relating to the foreign exchange contracts not designated as hedges for the periods ending December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011.

Losses recognized in other income, net:

	2013			2012			2011
	(In thousands)
Losses recognized in other income, net	$	(11,258	)	$	(2,815	)	$	(4,886	)

Change in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component (Net of tax expense or benefit)

Change in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component (Net of tax expense or benefit)

The change in balances of accumulated comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2013 is as follows:

	(In thousands)
	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments			Gains (Losses) on Net Investment- Hedge Derivatives			Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Securities			Defined Benefit Pension Plans			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Beginning balance	$	(82,067	)	$	(3,912	)	$	846		$	(1,000	)	$	(86,133	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(64,641	)		(6,796	)		3,660			186			(67,591	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		—			—			(698	)		119			(579	)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(64,641	)	$	(6,796	)	$	2,962		$	305		$	(68,170	)
Ending balance	$	(146,708	)	$	(10,708	)	$	3,808		$	(695	)	$	(154,303	)

Reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2013 is as follows:

	(In thousands)
Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Components	Affected Line Item in the Statement Where Net Income Is Presented	Before Tax Amount			Tax (Expense) Benefit			Net of Tax
Unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities	Other income	$	(942	)	$	244		$	(698	)
Amortization of prior service cost included in net periodic pension cost	Direct cost	$	146		$	(27	)	$	119

The change in balances of accumulated comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2012 is as follows:

	(In thousands)
	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments			Gains (Losses) on Net Investment- Hedge Derivatives			Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Securities			Defined Benefit Pension Plans			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Beginning balance	$	(70,157	)	$	(2,354	)	$	164		$	(87	)	$	(72,434	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(11,910	)		(1,558	)		776			(939	)		(13,631	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		—			—			(94	)		26			(68	)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(11,910	)	$	(1,558	)	$	682		$	(913	)	$	(13,699	)
Ending balance	$	(82,067	)	$	(3,912	)	$	846		$	(1,000	)	$	(86,133	)

Reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2012 is as follows:

	(In thousands)
Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Components	Affected Line Item in the Statement Where Net Income Is Presented	Before Tax Amount			Tax (Expense) Benefit			Net of Tax
Unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities	Other income	$	(269	)	$	175		$	(94	)
Amortization of prior service cost included in net periodic pension cost	Direct cost	$	32		$	(6	)	$	26

The change in balances of accumulated comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2011 is as follows:

	(In thousands)
	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments			Gains (Losses) on Net Investment- Hedge Derivatives			Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Securities			Defined Benefit Pension Plans			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Beginning balance	$	(325	)	$	1,723		$	419		$	(402	)	$	1,415
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(69,832	)		(4,077	)		5			415			(73,489	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		—			—			(260	)		(100	)		(360	)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(69,832	)	$	(4,077	)	$	(255	)	$	315		$	(73,849	)
Ending balance	$	(70,157	)	$	(2,354	)	$	164		$	(87	)	$	(72,434	)

Reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2011 is as follows:

	(In thousands)
Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Components	Affected Line Item in the Statement Where Net Income Is Presented	Before Tax Amount			Tax (Expense) Benefit			Net of Tax
Unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities	Other income	$	(448	)	$	188		$	(260	)
Amortization of prior service cost included in net periodic pension cost	Direct cost	$	37		$	(137	)	$	(100	)

Other Income, Net

Other income, net

Other income includes interest and dividend income, gains and losses from sale of securities, other investments, hedging transactions and interest expense on loans and borrowings.

Other comprehensive loss

Other comprehensive loss

The other comprehensive loss consists of foreign currency translation adjustments, losses on net investment hedge derivatives, unrealized gains (losses) on securities and a component of a defined benefit plan. During the year ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, the other comprehensive loss amounts to $68.2 million, $13.7 million and $73.8 million, respectively, primarily attributable to the foreign currency translation loss adjustments of $64.7 million, $11.9 million and $69.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Tax on other comprehensive loss

Tax on other comprehensive loss

Total (taxes) benefit on other comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:

	2013			2012		2011
	(In thousands)
(Taxes) benefit on unrealized gains(losses) on securities	$	(1,556	)	$	35	$	35
(Tax) benefit on defined benefit pension plans		(121	)		106		(159	)
Total (taxes)benefit on other comprehensive income(loss)	$	(1,677	)	$	141	$	(124	)

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents

For the purpose of reporting cash and cash equivalents, the Company considers all liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

At December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, approximately $33.2 million and $29.2 million, respectively, are held in JPMorgan Chase Bank NA through a sweep account. At December 31, 2013 approximately $3.26 million are held in Bank of America. Term deposits with original maturity of three months or less held with Punjab National Bank and Bank of India were $29.8 million and with Bank of India were $18.00 million as at year end December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The remaining amounts of cash and cash equivalents were held in bank and fixed deposits with various banking and financial institutions.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value of financial instruments

The fair values of the Company’s current assets and current liabilities approximate their carrying values because of their short maturities. Such financial instruments are classified as current and are expected to be liquidated within the next twelve months.

Concentration of credit risks

Concentration of credit risks

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist principally of investments and accounts receivable. Cash on deposit is held with financial institutions with high credit standings. The Company has cash deposited with financial institutions that, at times, may exceed the federally insured limits.

The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts for known and inherent collection risks related to its accounts receivable. The estimation of the allowance is primarily based on the Company’s assessment of the probable collection from specific customer accounts, the aging of the accounts receivable, analysis of credit data, bad debt write-offs and other known factors.

Investments

Investments

Short-term investments

The Company’s short-term investments consist of short-term mutual funds, which have been classified as available-for-sale and are carried at estimated fair value. Fair value is determined based on quoted market prices. Unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, on available-for-sale securities are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in shareholders’ equity. Net realized gains or losses resulting from the sale of these investments, and losses resulting from decline in fair values of these investments that are other than temporary declines, are included in other income. The cost of securities sold is determined using the weighted-average method.

Short-term investments also include term deposits with an original maturity exceeding three months and whose maturity date is within one year from the date of the balance sheet. Term deposits were $340.3 million and $266.1 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Non-current term deposits with banks

Non-current term deposits with banks include deposits with maturity exceeding one year from the date of the balance sheet. As at December 31, 2013 and 2012 non-current term deposits with banks were at $0.16 million and $0.01 million, respectively.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense when incurred. Depreciation is computed primarily using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows:

	Years
Office building	30
Computer equipment and software	3
Furniture, fixtures and other equipment	7
Vehicles	3
Leasehold improvements	Shorter of economic life or life of lease
Leasehold land	Shorter of economic life or life of lease

Depreciation and amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $14.5 million, $14.4 million and $16.9 million, respectively.

Long-lived assets (other than goodwill)

Long-lived assets (other than goodwill)

In accordance with guidance on “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” in the FASB Codification, the Company reviews its long-lived assets (other than goodwill) for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. When factors indicate that such costs should be evaluated for possible impairment, the Company assesses the recoverability of the long-lived assets (other than goodwill) by comparing the estimated undiscounted cash flows associated with the related asset or group of assets against their respective carrying amounts. The amount of an impairment charge, if any, is calculated based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets. Management believes assets were not impaired at December 31, 2013 and 2012.

Goodwill

Goodwill

In accordance with guidance on goodwill impairment in the FASB Codification, goodwill is evaluated for impairment at least annually. Management believes goodwill was not impaired at December 31, 2013 and 2012. The Company evaluated goodwill for impairment in the third quarter of 2013 and 2012.

Use of estimates

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Such estimates include, but are not limited to allowance for doubtful accounts, impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill, contingencies and litigation, the recognition of revenues and profits based on the proportional performance method and potential tax liabilities, bonus accrual and foreign currency translation adjustments. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the accompanying financial statements.

The tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2013 was impacted by a favorable adjustment of $1.09 million which related to the true up of tax provisions, pursuant to finalization of the tax computation for filing tax returns of Syntel Limited, which had arisen on account of finalization of the actual numbers of expenses apportionment, wage reconciliations, meal disallowances etc., compared with the amounts estimated earlier for the tax provisions. The Government of India published notice of a Cost Inflation Index of 939 for the financial year 2013-14, to be used in the calculation of long term capital gains. In general, Cost Inflation Indexes (“CII’) are being published with an increase in the range of 4%-11%. Before the aforesaid notification, Syntel had factored the CII of 886 for financial year 2013-14, which was based on a 4% increase in inflation index from the published Index of 852 for the financial year 2012-13. Accordingly, the higher CII has resulted in recognition of additional deferred tax assets and credit to the tax expenses of $0.55 million as a discrete tax item for the quarter ended June 30, 2013. Further, a $0.43 million reversal of the tax reserve has arisen on account of the reversal of a valuation allowance, created in the past, and against deferred tax assets recognized on the allowance on the accumulated losses. During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company reviewed the filing requirements for certain U.S. State and City Income Tax returns. The Company has updated the profit apportion method in those certain states and cities. Accordingly, the Company had provided $1.59 million, out of which $0.6 million relates to the prior years. Without the above, the effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2013 would have been 23.5%.

These revisions in the above estimates during 2013 had an after-tax impact of decreasing both the basic and diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2013 by $0.04 per share.

During 2012, the Company had a favorable adjustment of $0.24 million as a result of the Company’s review of its global uncertain tax liabilities provided on the “more likely than not” concept and other tax positions, which is based on completion of certain Appeals. These revisions in the above estimates during 2012 had no impact on the basic and diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2012.

During 2011, the Company had a favorable adjustment of $3.5 million as a result of the Company’s review of its global uncertain tax liabilities provided on the “more likely than not” concept and other tax positions, which is based on the expiration of the statute of limitations related to certain global tax contingencies and completion of certain tax audits. $2.6 million of $3.5 million is related to particular tax position reversed during the year 2011 after netting of the tax of $0.6 million charged during the nine months ended September 30, 2011. The Company also reversed $1.2 million based on the reconciliation of actual tax liability as per the tax returns and the tax provision as per the books. Further, a $0.6 million reversal of tax reserve has arisen on account of the reversal of a valuation allowance, created in the past against deferred tax assets recognized on the allowance of doubtful accounts. During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company reviewed the filing requirements for certain U.S. State Income Tax returns. The Company has updated the profit apportion method in those certain states. Accordingly, the Company has provided $1.3 million, out of which $0.8 million relates to the prior years.

The revisions in the above estimates during 2011 had an after-tax impact of increasing both the basic and diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2011 by $0.10 per share.

Foreign Currency Translation

Foreign currency translation

The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries use the currency of the primary economic environment in which they operate as its functional currency. Revenues and expenses of the foreign subsidiaries are translated to U.S. dollars at average period exchange rates. Assets and liabilities are translated to U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates with the effects of these cumulative translation adjustments being reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in shareholders’ equity. Transaction gains and losses are reflected within selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. During the year ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, foreign exchange gain of $9.0 million and $1.3 million and $8.7 million was included in selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively.

Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the applicable period.

The Company has stock options, which are considered to be potentially dilutive to the basic earnings per share. Diluted earnings per share is calculated using the treasury stock method for the dilutive effect of shares which have been granted pursuant to the stock option plan, by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period adjusted for these potentially dilutive options, except when the results would be anti-dilutive. The potential tax benefits on exercise of stock options are considered as additional proceeds while computing dilutive earnings per share using the treasury stock method.

Vacation Pay

Vacation pay

The accrual for unutilized leave balance is determined for the entire available leave balance standing to the credit of the employees at period-end. The leave balance eligible for carry-forward is valued at gross compensation rates and eligible for compulsory encashment at basic compensation rates.

The gross charge for unutilized earned leave was $5.1 million, $4.9 million and $5.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

The amounts accrued for unutilized earned leave were $19.1 million and $17.9 million as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and are included within accrued payroll and related costs.

Income Taxes

Income taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax laws is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

Recently issued accounting standards

Recently issued accounting standards

In July 2012, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2012-02-Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350)-Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment. This Accounting Standards Update permits an entity first to assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test in accordance with Subtopic 350-30, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—General Intangibles Other than Goodwill. The more-likely-than-not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50 percent. Previous guidance in Subtopic 350-30 required an entity to test indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment, on at least an annual basis, by comparing the fair value of the asset with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an entity should recognize an impairment loss in the amount of that excess. In accordance with the amendments in this update, an entity will have an option not to calculate annually the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset if the entity determines that it is not more likely than not that the asset is impaired. Permitting an entity to assess qualitative factors when testing indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment results in guidance that is similar to the goodwill impairment testing guidance in Update 2011-08. The amendments are effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012. Early adoption was permitted, including for annual and interim impairment tests performed as of a date before July 27, 2012, if a public entity’s financial statements for the most recent annual or interim period had not yet been issued or, for nonpublic entities, had not yet been made available for issuance. The adoption of Accounting Standards Update 2012-02 did not have any significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.

On February 5, 2013, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2013-02, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, to improve the transparency of reporting reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income. The amendments in the update do not change the current requirements for reporting net income or other comprehensive income in financial statements. All of the information that this update requires is already required to be disclosed elsewhere in the financial statements under U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (U.S. GAAP). The new amendments will require an organization to: (i) present (either on the face of the statement where net income is presented or in the notes) the effects on the line items of net income of significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income–but only if the item reclassified is required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified to net income in its entirety in the same reporting period; (ii) cross-reference to other disclosures currently required under U.S. GAAP for other reclassification items (that are not required under U.S. GAAP) to be reclassified directly to net income in their entirety in the same reporting period. This would be the case when a portion of the amount reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income is initially transferred to a balance sheet account (e.g., inventory for pension-related amounts) instead of directly to income or expense. The amendments apply to all public and private companies that report items of other comprehensive income. Public companies are required to comply with these amendments for all reporting periods (interim and annual). A private company is required to meet the reporting requirements of the amended paragraphs about the roll forward of accumulated other comprehensive income for both interim and annual reporting periods. However, private companies are only required to provide the information about the impact of reclassifications on line items of net income for annual reporting periods, not for interim reporting periods. For public entities, the amendments are effective prospectively for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012. For nonpublic entities, the amendments are effective prospectively for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013. The Company adopted this standard during the first quarter of 2013 and there was no significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.

ASU No. 2013-11, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carry forward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carry forward Exists, was issued on July 18, 2013. Under this guidance, an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of one, must be presented in the statement of financial position as a reduction of a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss (NOL) carry forward or a tax credit carry forward – except to the extent a NOL or tax-credit carry forward at the reporting date is not available under the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction to settle any additional income taxes that would result from the disallowance of a tax position, or the entity does not intend to use the deferred tax asset for such purposes. In these situations, the unrecognized tax benefit would be presented as a liability and not combined with deferred tax assets.

The guidance requires no new disclosures and should be applied prospectively for public entities for fiscal years, and interim reporting periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. Early adoption and adoption on a retrospective basis are permitted. The requirements of this ASU and its impact on the Company are being evaluated.