12. Stock Compensation Plans

Share-Based Compensation

The Company originally established a Stock Option and Incentive Plan in 1997 (the “1997 Plan”). On June 1, 2006, the Company adopted the Amended and Restated Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “Stock Option Plan”), which amended and extended the 1997 Plan. Under the plan, a total of 8 million shares of Common Stock were reserved for issuance. The dates on which options granted under the Stock Option Plan become first exercisable are determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, but generally vest over a four-year period from the date of grant. The term of any option may not exceed ten years from the date of grant.

The Company accounts for share-based compensation based on the estimated fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods in the Company’s Statement of Income. Share-based compensation expense recognized as above for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $3.7 million, $2.7 million and $1.9 million, respectively, including a charge for restricted stock.

The shares issued upon the exercise of the options are new share issues.

Restricted Stock

On different dates during the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company issued 16,536 shares of incentive restricted stock to its non-employee directors. Generally, the shares to non-employee directors are granted for their future services starting from the date of the annual meeting to the date of the following annual meeting.

On different dates during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, the Company issued 12,224, 80,676 and 14,464 shares, respectively, of incentive restricted stock to its non-employee directors and some employees as well as to some employees of its subsidiaries. The shares were granted to employees for their future services as a retention tool at a zero exercise price, with the restrictions on transferability lapsing with regard to 25% of the shares issued on or after the first, second, third and fourth anniversary of the grant dates. Generally, the shares to non-employee directors are granted for their future services starting from the date of the annual meeting to the date of the following annual meeting.

In addition to the shares of restricted stock described above, on different dates during the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 the Company issued 33,000, 66,000 and 57,500 shares, respectively, of incentive restricted stock to some employees as well as to some employees of its subsidiaries. The shares were granted to employees for their future services as a retention tool at a zero exercise price, with the restrictions on transferability lapsing with regard to 20% of the shares issued on or after the first, second, third, fourth and fifth anniversary of the grant dates.

During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company issued 153,500 shares of performance restricted stock to some employees as well as to some employees of its subsidiaries. Each such performance restricted stock grant is divided in a pre-defined proportion with the vesting (lifting of restriction) of one portion based on the overall annual performance of the Company and the vesting (lifting of restriction) of the other portion based on the achievement of pre-defined long-term goals of the Company. These stocks will vest (have the restrictions lifted) over a period of five years (at each anniversary) in equal installments, subject to meeting the above pre-defined criteria of overall annual performance and achievement of the long-term goal. The stock linked to overall annual performance would lapse (revert to the Company) on non-achievement of the overall annual performance in the given year. However, the stock linked to achievement of the long-term goal would roll over into a common pool and have been forfeited for the non-achievement of the long-term goal on or prior to the end of fiscal year 2012.

On different dates during the year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company issued restricted stock awards of 108,828 and 91,364, respectively, to its non-employee directors and some employees as well as to some employees of its subsidiaries. The restricted stock awards were granted to employees for their future services as a retention tool at a zero exercise price, vest in shares with regards to 25% of the awards issued on or after the first, second, third and fourth anniversary of the grant dates.

For the restricted stock issued during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the dividend is accrued and paid subject to the same restriction as the restriction on transferability. For the restricted stock awards issued during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2011 no dividend accrues on the restricted stock awards.

The impact on the Company’s results of operations of recording stock-based compensation (including impact of restricted stock) for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was as follows (in thousands):


	2012		2011		2010
Cost of revenues	$	1,167		$742		$495
Selling, general and administrative expenses		2,558		1,942		1,443

	$	3,725	$	2,684	$	1,938

Cash received from option exercises under all share-based payment arrangements for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was none, $0.002 million and $0.95 million, respectively.

Valuation Assumptions

The Company calculates the fair value of each option award on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The following weighted-average assumptions were used for each respective period:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2012			2011			2010
Assumptions:
Risk free interest rate		0.81	%		0.85	%		2.02	%
Expected life		5 years			5 years			5 years
Expected volatility		55.41	%		58.26	%		59.52	%
Expected dividend yield		4.64	%		0.51	%		1.55	%

The Company’s computation of expected volatility for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 is based on historical volatility from exercised options on the Company’s stock. The Company’s computation of expected life was determined based on historical experience of similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms of the stock-based awards, vesting schedules and expectations of future employee behavior. The interest rate for periods within the contractual life of the award is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The expected dividend yield is estimated based on the dividend yield at the time of grant, adjusted for expected dividend increases of historical pay out policy.

Share-Based Payment Award Activity

The following table summarizes activity under our equity incentive plans for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010:


	Number Of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding at January 1, 2012		—		$—
Granted		—		—
Exercised		—		—
Adjustment		—		—
Forfeited		—		—
Expired / Cancelled		—		—
Outstanding at December 31, 2012		0		$0.00		0.00		$0

Options Exercisable at December 31, 2012		0		$0.00		0.00		$0


	Number Of Options			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding at January 1, 2011		5,473		$	5.01
Granted		—			—
Exercised		(325	)		5.00
Adjustment		—			—
Forfeited		—			—
Expired / Cancelled		(5,148	)		5.01
Outstanding at December 31, 2011		0			$0.00		0.00		$0

Options Exercisable at December 31, 2011		0			$0		0.00		$0


	Number Of Options			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding at January 1, 2010		73,413		$	13.28
Granted		—			—
Exercised		(67,940	)		13.95
Adjustment		—			—
Forfeited		—			—
Expired / Cancelled		—			—
Outstanding at December 31, 2010		5,473			$5.01		0.05		$234

Options Exercisable at December 31, 2010		5,473			$5.01		0.05		$234