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Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and Deferred Sales Inducements
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and Deferred Sales Inducements [Abstract]  
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and Deferred Sales Inducements
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and Deferred Sales Inducements
Policy acquisition costs deferred and amortized are as follows:
 
December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
2012
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of year
$
2,426,652

 
$
1,709,799

 
$
1,683,857

Costs deferred during the year:
 
 
 
 
 
Commissions
421,802

 
420,378

 
399,001

Policy issue costs
5,080

 
5,422

 
4,410

Amortization
(163,578
)
 
(365,468
)
 
(164,919
)
Effect of net unrealized gains/losses
(631,400
)
 
656,521

 
(212,550
)
Balance at end of year
$
2,058,556

 
$
2,426,652

 
$
1,709,799


Sales inducements deferred and amortized are as follows:
 
December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
2012
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of year
$
1,875,880

 
$
1,292,341

 
$
1,242,787

Costs deferred during the year
330,079

 
337,787

 
306,659

Amortization
(131,419
)
 
(253,113
)
 
(87,157
)
Effect of net unrealized gains/losses
(487,283
)
 
498,865

 
(169,948
)
Balance at end of year
$
1,587,257

 
$
1,875,880

 
$
1,292,341


We periodically revise the key assumptions used in the calculation of amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and deferred sales inducements retrospectively through an unlocking process when estimates of current or future gross profits/margins (including the impact of realized investment gains and losses) to be realized from a group of products are revised. The unlocking adjustment in 2014 decreased amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs by $35.5 million and amortization of deferred sales inducements by $12.6 million and included the impact of account balance true ups as of September 30, 2014 and adjustment to future period assumptions for interest margins, surrenders and certain expenses. The unlocking adjustment in 2013 decreased amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs by $18.5 million and amortization for deferred sales inducements by $11.1 million and included the impact of account balance true-ups and adjustment to future period assumptions for surrenders and certain expenses. The unlocking adjustment in 2012 increased amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs by $3.7 million and decreased amortization for deferred sales inducements by $0.2 million.