EX-3.38 13 file012.txt BY-LAWS OF EER SYSTEMS, INC. BY-LAWS OF EER Systems Corporation ARTICLE I - OFFICES The principal office of the corporation shall be located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The corporation may have such other offices, either within or without the Commonwealth of Virginia as the Board of Directors may designate or as the business of the corporation may from time to time dictate. ARTICLE II - STOCKHOLDERS 1. ANNUAL MEETING. The annual meeting of the stockholders shall be held each year beginning with the year 1986 on a date to be established by the Board of Directors for the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other business as may come before the meeting. If the day fixed for the annual meeting shall be a legal holiday, such meeting shall be held on the next succeeding business day. If the election of directors shall not be held on the day designated herein for any annual meeting of the shareholders, or at any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors shall cause the election to be held at a special meeting of the shareholders as soon thereafter as conveniently may be. 2. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the stockholders, for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by statute, may be called by the president at the request of the holders of not less than ten percent (10%) of all the outstanding shares of the corporation entitled to vote at the meeting. 3. PLACE OF MEETING. The directors may designate any place, either within or without the Commonwealth unless otherwise prescribed by statute, as the place of meeting for any annual meeting or for any special meeting called by the directors. A waiver of notice signed by all stockholders entitled to vote at a meeting may designate any place, whether within or without the Commonwealth unless otherwise prescribed by statute, as the place for holding such meeting. If no designation is made, or if a special meeting be otherwise called, the place of meeting shall be the principal office of the corporation. 4. NOTICE OF MEETING. Written or printed notice stating the place, day and hour of the meeting and, in case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be delivered not less than 10 nor more than 50 days before the date of the meeting, either personally 2 or by mail, by or at the direction of the president, or the secretary, or the officer or persons calling the meeting, to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be delivered when deposited in the United States mail, addressed to the stockholder at his address as it appears on the stock transfer books of the corporation, with postage thereon prepaid. 5. CLOSING OF TRANSFER BOOKS OR FIXING OF RECORD DATE. For the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend, or in order to make a determination of stockholders for any other proper purpose, the directors of the corporation may provide that the stock transfer books shall be closed for a stated period but not to exceed, in any case, 50 days. If the stock transfer books shall be closed for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders, such books shall be closed for at least 10 days immediately preceding such meeting. In lieu of closing the stock transfer books, the directors may fix a date in advance as the record date for any such determination of stockholders, such date in any case to be not more than 50 days and, in case of a meeting of stockholders, not less than 10 days prior to the date on which the particular action requiring such determination of stockholders is to be taken. If the stock transfer books are not closed and no record date is fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders, or stockholders entitled to receive payment of a dividend, the date on which notice of the meeting is mailed or the date on which the resolution of the directors declaring such dividend is adopted, as the case may be, shall be the record date for such determination of stockholders. When a determination of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of the stockholders has been made as provided in this section, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof. 6. VOTING LISTS. The officer or agent having charge of the stock transfer books for shares of the corporation shall make, at least 10 days before each meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting, or any adjournment thereof, arranged in alphabetical order, with the address of and the number of shares held by each, which list, for a period of 10 days prior to such meeting, shall be kept on file at the principal office of the corporation and shall be subject to inspection by any stockholder at any time during usual business hours. Such list shall also be produced and kept open at the time and place of the meeting and shall be subject to the inspection of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting. The original stock transfer book shall be prima facie evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine such list or transfer books or to vote at the meeting of stockholders. The meeting shall, on the demand of any stockholder, in person or by proxy, be adjourned until the requirements are complied with. 7. QUORUM. At any meeting of stockholders a majority of the outstanding shares of the corporation entitled to vote, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of stockholders. If less than said number of the outstanding shares are represented at a 3 meeting, a majority of the shares so represented may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally notified may be transacted. The stockholders present at a duly organized meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum. 8. PROXIES. At all meetings of stockholders, a stockholder may vote by proxy executed in writing by the stockholder or by his duly authorized attorney in fact. Such proxy shall be filed with the secretary of the corporation before or at the time of the meeting. No proxy shall be valid after 11 months from the date of its execution, unless otherwise provided in the proxy. 9. VOTING. Each stockholder entitled to vote in accordance with the terms and provisions of the certificate of incorporation and these by-laws shall be entitled to one vote, in person or by proxy, for each share of stock entitled to vote held by such stockholders. Upon the demand of any stockholder, the vote for directors and any question before the meeting shall be by ballot. All elections for directors and all other questions shall be decided by majority vote except as otherwise provided by the Articles of Incorporation or the laws of this State. 10. VOTING OF SHARES BY CERTAIN HOLDERS. Shares standing in the name of another corporation may be voted by such officer, agent or proxy as the by-laws of such corporation may prescribe, or, in the absence of such pro- vision, as the Board of Directors of such corporation may determine. Shares held by an administrator, executor, guardian or conservator may be voted by him, either in person or by proxy, without a transfer of such shares into his name. Shares standing in the name of a trustee may be voted by him, either in person or by proxy, but no trustee shall be entitled to vote shares held by him without a transfer of such shares into his name. Shares standing in the name of a receiver may be voted by such receiver, and shares held by or under the control of a receiver may be voted by such receiver without the transfer thereof into his name if authority so to do be contained in an appropriate order of the court by which such receiver was appointed. A shareholder whose shares are pledged shall be entitled to vote such shares until the shares have been transferred into the name of the pledgee, and thereafter the pledgee shall be entitled to vote the shares so transferred. Shares of its own stock belonging to the corporation shall not be voted, directly or indirectly, at any meeting, and shall not be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares at any given time. 4 11. ORDER OF BUSINESS. The order of business at all meetings of the stockholders shall be as follows: 1. Roll call 2. Proof of notice of meeting or waiver of notice. 3. Reading of minutes of preceding meeting. 4. Reports of officers. 5. Reports of committees. 6. Election of directors. 7. Unfinished business. 8. New business. 12. INFORMAL ACTION BY SHAREHOLDERS. Unless otherwise provided by law, any action required to be taken at a meeting of the shareholders, or any other action which may be taken at a meeting of the shareholders, may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by all of the shareholders entitled to vote with respect to the subject matter thereof. ARTICLE III - BOARD OF DIRECTORS 1. GENERAL POWERS. The business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed by its Board of Directors. The directors shall in all cases act as a Board, and they may adopt such rules and regulations for the conduct of their meetings and the management of the corporation, as they may deem proper, not inconsistent with these by-laws and the laws of this State. 2. NUMBER, TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS. The number of directors of the corporation shall be at least one (1). Each director shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his successor shall have been elected and qualified. 3. REGULAR MEETING. A regular meeting of the directors shall be held without other notice than this by-law immediately after, and at the same place as, the annual meeting of stockholders. The directors may provide, by resolution, the time and place for the holding of additional regular meetings without other notice than such resolution. 5 4. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the directors may be called at the request of the president or any director. The person or persons authorized to call special meetings of the directors may fix the place for holding any special meeting of the directors called by them. 5. NOTICE. Notice of any special meeting shall be given at least 10 days previous thereto by written notice delivered personally, by telegram or by mail to each director at his business address. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be delivered when deposited in the United States mail so addressed, with postage thereon prepaid. If notice be given by telegram, such notice shall be deemed to be delivered when the telegram is delivered to the telegraph company. The attendance of a director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where a director attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. 6. QUOROM. At any meeting of the directors a majority shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, but if less than said number is present at a meeting, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice. 7. MANNER OF ACTING. The act of the majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the directors. 8. ACTION TAKEN WITHOUT A MEETING. Any action that may be taken by the Board of Directors at a meeting may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so to be taken, shall be signed before such action by all of the directors. 9. NEWLY CREATED DIRECTORSHIPS AND VACANCIES. Newly created directorships resulting from an increase in the number of directors and vacancies occurring in the Board for any reason except the removal of directors with cause may be filled by a vote of a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum exists. Vacancies occurring by reason of the removal of directors without cause shall be filled by vote of the stockholders. A director elected to fill a vacancy caused by resignation, death or removal shall be elected to hold office for the unexpired term of his predecessor. 10. REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS. Any or all of the directors may be removed for cause by vote of the stockholders or by action of the Board. Directors may be removed without cause only by vote of the stockholders. 6 11. RESIGNATION. A director may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Board, the president or the secretary of the corporation. Unless otherwise specified in the notice, the resignation shall take effect upon receipt thereof by the Board or such officer, and the acceptance of the resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. 12. COMPENSATION. No compensation shall be paid to directors, as such, for their services, but by resolution of the Board a fixed sum and expenses for actual attendance at each regular or special meeting of the Board may be authorized. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. 13. PRESUMPTION OF ASSENT. A director of the corporation who is present at a meeting of the directors at which action on any corporate matter is taken shall be presumed to have assented to the action taken unless his dissent shall be entered in the minutes of the meeting or unless he shall file his written dissent to such action with the person acting as the secretary of the meeting before the adjournment thereof or shall forward such dissent by registered mail to the secretary of the corporation immediately after the adjournment of the meeting. Such right to dissent shall not apply to a director who voted in favor of such action. 14. EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMITTEES. The Board, by resolution, may designate from among its members an executive committee and other committees, each consisting of three or more directors. Each such committee shall serve at the pleasure of the Board. ARTICLE IV - OFFICERS. 1. NUMBER. The officers of the corporation shall be a president, secretary and treasurer, each of whom shall be elected by the directors. Such other officers and assistant officers as may be deemed necessary may be elected or appointed by the directors. 2. ELECTION AND TERM OF OFFICE. The officers of the corporation to be elected by the directors shall be elected annually at the first meeting of the directors held after each annual meeting of the stockholders. If the election of officers shall not be held at such meeting, such election shall be held as soon thereafter as conveniently may be. Each officer shall hold office until his successor shall have been duly elected and shall have qualified or until his death or until he shall resign or shall have been removed in the manner hereinafter provided. 7 3. REMOVAL. Any officer or agent elected or appointed by the directors may be removed by the directors whenever in their judgment the best interests of the corporation would be served thereby, but such removal shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the person so removed. Election or appointment of an officer or agent shall not of itself create contract rights. 4. VACANCIES. A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation, removal, disqualification or otherwise, may be filled by the directors for the unexpired portion of the term. 5. PRESIDENT. The president shall be the principal executive officer of the corporation and, subject to the control of the directors, shall supervise and control the technical operation of the corporation. He may sign any deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts, or other instruments which the directors have authorized to be executed, except in cases where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the directors or by these by-laws to some other officer or agent of the corporation, or shall be required by law to be otherwise signed or executed; and in general shall perform all duties incident to the office of president and such other duties as may be prescribed by the directors from time to time. 6. SECRETARY. The secretary shall keep the minutes of the stockholders' and of the directors' meetings in one or more books provided for that purpose, see that all notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these by-laws or as required, be custodian of the corporate records and of the seal of the corporation and keep a register of the post office address of each stockholder, have general charge of the stock transfer books of the corporation and in general perform all duties incident to the office of secretary and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the president or by the directors. 7. TREASURER. If required by the directors, the treasurer shall give a bond for the faithful discharge of his duties in such sum and with such surety or sureties as the directors shall determine. He shall have charge and custody of and be responsible for all funds and securities of the corporation; receive and give receipts for monies due and payable to the corporation from any source whatsoever, and deposit all such monies in the name of the corporation in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as shall be selected in accordance with these by-laws and in general perform all of the duties incident to the office of treasurer and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the president or by the directors. 8 8. SALARIES. The salaries of the officers shall be fixed from time to time by the directors and no officer shall be prevented from receiving such salary by reason of the fact that he is also a director of the corporation. ARTICLE V - CONTRACTS, LOANS, CHECKS AND DEPOSITS 1. CONTRACTS. The president or any vice president may enter into any contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation, except as confined by the directors. 2. LOANS. No loans shall be contracted on behalf of the corporation and no evidences of indebtedness shall be issued in its name without the endorsement of either the president or the vice president unless expressly authorized by a resolution of the directors. The corporation shall have the power to borrow funds on the personal credit of its officers and directors if authorized by a resolution of the directors and shall be empowered to lend funds to its officers and directors. 3. CHECKS, DRAFTS, ETC. All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the corporation, shall be signed by the president or vice president of the corporation unless and until specifically changed by resolution of the directors. 4. DEPOSITS. All funds of the corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the corporation in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as the directors may select. ARTICLE VI - CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES AND THEIR TRANSFER l. CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES. Certificates representing shares of the corporation shall be in such form as shall be determined by the directors. Such certificate shall be signed by the president and by the secretary or by such other officers authorized by law and by the directors. All certificates for shares shall be consecutively numbered or otherwise identified. The name and address of the stockholders, the number of shares and date of issue, shall be entered on the stock transfer books of the corporation. All certificates surrendered to the corporation for transfer shall be canceled and no new certificate shall be issued until the former certificate for a like number of shares shall 9 have been surrendered and canceled, except that in case of a lost, destroyed or mutilated certificate a new one may be issued therefor upon such terms and indemnity to the corporation as the directors may prescribe. 2. TRANSFERS OF SHARES. (a) Upon surrender to the corporation or the transfer agent of the corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, and cancel the old certificate; every such transfer shall be entered on the transfer books of the corporation which shall be kept at its principal office. (b) The corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share as the holder in fact thereof, and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share on the part of any other person whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as expressly provided by the laws of this Commonwealth. ARTICLE VII - FISCAL YEAR. The fiscal year of the corporation shall begin on the 1st day of July and end on the 30th day of June in each year. ARTICLE VIII - DIVIDENDS. The directors may from time to time declare, and the corporation may pay, dividends on its outstanding shares in the manner and upon the terms and conditions provided by law. ARTICLE IX - SEAL. The directors shall provide a corporate seal which shall be circular in form and shall have inscribed thereon the name of the corporation, the state of incorporation, year of incorporation and the words, "Corporate Seal." ARTICLE X - WAIVER OF NOTICE. Unless otherwise provided by law, whenever any notice is required to be given to any stockholder or director of the corporation under the provisions of these by-laws or under the provisions of the articles of incorporation, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice. ARTICLE XI - AMENDMENTS. The power to alter, amend or repeal the by-laws or adopt new by-laws shall be vested in the board of directors; provided, however, that by-laws made by the board of directors may be repealed or changed, and new by-laws made, by the stockholders and the stockholders 10 may provide that any by-law made by them shall not be altered, amended or repealed by the board of directors. The foregoing by-laws were adopted by the board of directors on December 30, 1985. /s/ Jai N. Gupta -------------------------------------------- Secretary