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Fair Value Measurements
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Measurements
 
The hierarchy of fair value measurements prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The levels of the hierarchy, as defined below, give the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs.
 
·    Level 1 is defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. Level 1 assets include available-for-sale equity securities, U.S. Treasury securities, and coal futures that are submitted for clearing on the New York Mercantile Exchange.
 
·    Level 2 is defined as observable inputs other than Level 1 prices. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in an active market, quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. The Company’s level 2 assets and liabilities include U.S. government agency securities and commodity contracts (coal and heating oil) with fair values derived from quoted prices in over-the-counter markets or from prices received from direct broker quotes.
 
·    Level 3 is defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. These include the Company’s commodity option contracts (coal and heating oil) valued using modeling techniques, such as Black-Scholes, that require the use of inputs, particularly volatility, that are rarely observable. Changes in the unobservable inputs would not have a significant impact on the reported Level 3 fair values at December 31, 2012.
 
The table below sets forth, by level, the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet: 
 
 
Fair Value at December 31, 2012
 
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
 
(In thousands)
Assets:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Investments in marketable securities
 
$
239,652

 
$
103,439

 
$
136,213

 
$

Derivatives
 
32,315

 
22,465

 
510

 
9,340

Total assets
 
$
271,967

 
$
125,904

 
$
136,723

 
$
9,340

Liabilities:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Derivatives
 
$
1,737

 
$

 
$
571

 
$
1,166


 
The Company’s contracts with certain of its counterparties allow for the settlement of contracts in an asset position with contracts in a liability position in the event of default or termination. For classification purposes, the Company records the net fair value of all the positions with these counterparties as a net asset or liability. Each level in the table above displays the underlying contracts according to their classification in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet, based on this counterparty netting.
 
The following table summarizes the change in the fair values of financial instruments categorized as level 3.
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2012
Balance, beginning of period
 
$
6,211

Realized and unrealized losses recognized in earnings, net
 
(13,399
)
Realized and unrealized losses recognized in other comprehensive income, net
 

Purchases
 
17,312

Issuances
 

Settlements
 
(1,950
)
Ending balance
 
$
8,174


 
Net unrealized losses during the twelve month period ended December 31, 2012 related to level 3 financial instruments held on December 31, 2012 were $5.4 million.
 
Fair Value of Long-Term Debt
 
At December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the fair value of the Company’s debt, including amounts classified as current, was $5.0 billion and $4.2 billion, respectively. Fair values are based upon observed prices in an active market when available or from valuation models using market information, which fall into Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.