<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>a2036938zex-99_1.txt
<DESCRIPTION>EX 99.1
<TEXT>

<PAGE>


                                   EXHIBIT 1
                                   ---------

                  AGREEMENT AS TO JOINT FILING OF SCHEDULE 13G
                  --------------------------------------------

Each of the undersigned hereby affirms that it is individually eligible to use
Schedule 13G, and agrees that this Schedule 13G is filed on its behalf.


Date: January 30, 2001


                      SSB CITI FUND MANAGEMENT LLC


                      By: /s/ Christina T. Sydor
                         --------------------------------------------
                         Name:  Christina T. Sydor
                         Title: Secretary


                      SALOMON SMITH BARNEY HOLDINGS INC.


                      By: /s/ Howard M. Darmstadter
                         --------------------------------------------
                         Name:  Howard M. Darmstadter
                         Title: Assistant Secretary


                      CITIGROUP INC.


                      By: /s/ Joseph B. Wollard
                         --------------------------------------------
                         Name:  Joseph B. Wollard
                         Title: Assistant Secretary


</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>