-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, C0cN+kVtQVuLMdckbpRwsjIpzQDy2xF8WUwn97YS2PsMzpQcI9IhFn93DRw01S+t itDhMAJhQQFZQCFpDW/ncw== 0000922423-98-000310.txt : 19980318 0000922423-98-000310.hdr.sgml : 19980318 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000922423-98-000310 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 8-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 12 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 19980302 ITEM INFORMATION: ITEM INFORMATION: FILED AS OF DATE: 19980317 SROS: NYSE FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000103730 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS & ACCESSORIES [3670] IRS NUMBER: 381686453 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 8-K SEC ACT: SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-07416 FILM NUMBER: 98567514 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 63 LINCOLN HWY CITY: MALVERN STATE: PA ZIP: 19355 BUSINESS PHONE: 2156441300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 63 LINCOLN HIGHWAY CITY: MALVERN STATE: PA ZIP: 19355 8-K 1 CURRENT REPORT UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 8-K CURRENT REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported) March 2, 1998 VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware 1-7416 38-168645 3 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (State or other jurisdiction (Commission (IRS Employer of incorporation) File Number) Identification No.) 63 Lincoln Highway, Malvern, PA 19355 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) Registrant's telephone number, including area code (610) 644-1300 Not Applicable - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Former name or former address, if changed since last report) The Exhibit Index is on Page . Page 1 of Pages ITEM 2. ACQUISITION OR DISPOSITION OF ASSETS. On March 2, 1998, Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Vishay"), consummated a Stock Purchase Agreement, dated December 16, 1997, by and among Vishay, Daimler-Benz Technology Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Daimler-Benz AG (the "U.S. Seller"), TEMIC TELEFUNKEN microelectronic GmbH (the "German Seller"), Delengate Limited, Daimler-Benz Aerospace Aktiengesellschaft, Vishay TEMIC Semiconductor Acquisition Holdings Corp. (the "U.S. Purchaser") and "PAMELA" Verwaltungsgesellschaft GmbH (the "German Purchaser"), whereby Vishay acquired (i) through its wholly-owned subsidiary, the U.S. Purchaser, 80.4% of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of Siliconix Incorporated, a Delaware corporation, from the U.S. Seller (the "U.S. Acquisition") and (ii) through its majority-owned subsidiary, the German Purchaser, 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH ("TEMIC") from the German Seller (the "German Acquisition," together with the U.S. Acquisition, the "Acquisitions"). The total consideration for the Acquisitions was approximately $500,000,000. TEMIC's and Siliconix's businesses involve the design, manufacture and sale of integrated circuits (the "IC Division") and discrete active components. On March 4, 1998, Vishay sold (subject to satisfaction of certain foreign regulatory approvals) the IC Division to Atmel Corporation for approximately $110,000,000 and Ericsson Radio Systems AB exercised its option to purchase the IC Division of Dialogue Semiconductors Ltd., a subsidiary of TEMIC, for approximately $30,000,000. The discrete active components business is conducted primarily in the United States in California, Germany, Austria and Asia. Vishay has no current intention to change the nature of the discrete active components business. The purchase price was funded from a $1.1 billion revolving credit facility made available to Vishay under the (i) Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. $825,000,000 Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of March 2, 1998 (the "LT Agreement"), and (ii) Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. $275,000,000 Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of March 2, 1998 (the "ST Agreement" and collectively with the LT Agreement, the "Loan Agreements") each by and among Vishay, Comerica Bank, NationsBanc Montgomery Securities LLC and the other banks signatory thereto (collectively, the "Banks"), and Comerica Bank, as administrative agent for the Banks (the "Agent"). The Loan Agreements replace all prior loans made to Vishay by the Banks. The LT Agreement provides for a $825,000,000 loan, comprising a revolving credit facility and a swing line facility that mature on March 2, 2003, subject to Vishay's right to -2- request year-to-year renewals. The 364-day ST Agreement provides for a $275,000,000 revolving credit facility that matures on March 1, 1999, subject to Vishay's right to request an initial three month extension and if granted subsequent year-to-year renewals. Borrowings under the Loan Agreements will bear interest at variable rates based, at the option of Vishay, on the prime rate or a eurocurrency rate and in the case of any swing line advance, the quoted rate. The borrowings under the Loan Agreements are secured by certain pledges of stock in certain significant Subsidiaries and indirect Subsidiaries of Vishay and certain guaranties by significant Subsidiaries. Financial covenants are similar to those contained in the prior loan agreement with the Banks. The foregoing is a summary of certain terms of the Loan Agreements and is qualified in its entirety by reference to (i) each of the Loan Agreements and (ii) certain other loan documents, copies of which are annexed as exhibits to this Report on Form 8-K. ITEM 7. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION AND EXHIBITS. (a) FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF BUSINESS ACQUIRED. It is presently impracticable to provide the financial statements required to be included in this Current Report on Form 8-K with respect to the businesses acquired. Such financial statements will be filed under cover of Form 8-K/A as soon as practicable. (b) PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION. It is presently impracticable to provide the pro forma financial information required to be included in this Current Report on Form 8-K/A with respect to the acquired assets. Such pro forma financial information will be filed under cover of Form 8 as soon as practicable. (c) EXHIBITS. 2.1 Stock Purchase Agreement, dated December 16, 1997, by and among Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., Daimler-Benz Technology Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Daimler-Benz AG, TEMIC TELEFUNKEN microelectronic GmbH, Delengate Limited, Daimler-Benz Aerospace Aktiengesellschaft, Vishay TEMIC Semiconductor Acquisition Holdings Corp. and "PAMELA" Verwaltungsgesellschaft GmbH (incorporated herein by -3- reference to Exhibit A filed as part of the Company's Schedule 13D filed December 24, 1997). 2.2 Share Sale and Transfer Agreement, between "PAMELA" Verwaltungsgesellshaft GmbH, Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., ATMEL Corporation and ATMEL Holding GmbH I.G. 10.1 Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. $825,000,000 Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of March 2, 1998, by and among Vishay, Comerica Bank, NationsBanc Montgomery Securities LLC and the other banks signatory thereto, and Comerica Bank, as administrative agent. 10.2 Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. $275,000,000 Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of March 2, 1998, by and among Vishay, Comerica Bank, NationsBanc Montgomery Securities LLC and the other banks signatory thereto, and Comerica Bank, as administrative agent. 10.3 Company Guaranty (Long Term), dated March 2, 1998, by Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. to Comerica Bank, as adminstrative agent. 10.4 Domestic Guaranty (Long Term), dated March 2, 1998, by the Guarantors signtory thereto to Comercia Bank, as administrative agent. 10.5 Foreign Guaranty (Long Term), dated March 2, 1998, by the Guarantors signatory thereto to Comerica Bank, as administrative agent. 10.6 Company Guaranty (Short Term), dated March 2, 1998, by Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. to Comerica Bank, as adminstrative agent. 10.7 Domestic Guaranty (Short Term), dated March 2, 1998, by the Guarantors signatory thereto to Comerica Bank, as adminstrative agent. 10.8 Permitted Borrower Addendum, dated March 2, 1998, by "PAMELA" Verwaltungsgesellschaft GmbH. 10.9 Permitted Borrower Addendum, dated March 2, 1998, by Vishay Electronic GmbH. 10.10 Permitted Borrower Addendum, dated March 2, 1998, by Vishay Europe GmbH. -4- SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC. By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb ---------------------- Name: Richard N. Grubb Title: Vice President, Treasurer and CFO Date: March 17, 1998 -5- EXHIBITS TO FORM 8-K VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC. EXHIBIT INDEX Sequential Page Number (2.1) Stock Purchase Agreement, dated December 16, n/a 1997, by and among Vishay, Daimler-Benz Technology Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Daimler-Benz AG, TEMIC TELEFUNKEN microelectronic GmbH, Delengate Limited, Daimler-Benz Aerospace Aktiengesellschaft, Vishay TEMIC Semiconductor Acquisition Holdings Corp. and "PAMELA" Verwaltungsgesellschaft GmbH (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit A filed as part of the Company's Schedule 13D filed December 24, 1997). (2.2) Share Sale and Transfer Agreement, between 9 "PAMELA" Verwaltungsgesellshaft GmbH, Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., ATMEL Corporation and ATMEL Holding GmbH I.G. (10.1) Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. $825,000,000 44 Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of March 2, 1998, by and among Vishay, Comerica Bank, NationsBanc Montgomery Securities LLC and the other banks signatory thereto, and Comerica Bank, as administrative agent. (10.2) Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. $275,000,000 184 Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of March 2, 1998, by and among Vishay, Comerica Bank, NationsBanc Montgomery Securities LLC and the other banks signatory thereto, and Comerica Bank, as administrative agent. (10.3) Company Guaranty (Long Term), dated March 2, 303 1998, by Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. to Comerica Bank, as adminstrative agent. (10.4) Domestic Guaranty (Long Term), dated March 2, 311 1998, by the Guarantors signtory thereto to Comercia Bank, as administrative agent. (10.5) Foreign Guaranty (Long Term), dated March 2, 326 1998, by the Guarantors signatory thereto to Comerica Bank, as administrative agent. (10.6) Company Guaranty (Short Term), dated March 2, 344 1998, by Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. to Comerica Bank, as adminstrative agent. (10.7) Domestic Guaranty (Short Term), dated March 352 2, 1998, by the Guarantors signatory thereto to Comerica Bank, as adminstrative agent. (10.8) Permitted Borrower Addendum, dated March 2, 366 1998, by "PAMELA" Verwaltungsgesellschaft GmbH. (10.9) Permitted Borrower Addendum, dated March 2, 369 1998, by Vishay Electronic GmbH. (10.10) Permitted Borrower Addendum, dated March 2, 372 1998, by Vishay Europe GmbH. EX-2.2 2 SHARE SALE AND TRANSFER AGREEMENT SHARE SALE AND TRANSFER AGREEMENT BETWEEN "PAMELA" VERWALTUNGSGESELLSCHAFT GMBHGEHEIMRAT-ROSENTHAL-STR. 100 SELB FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY (HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AS "SELLER") AND VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC. 63, LINCOLN HIGHWAY MALVERN, PA 19355, U.S.A. (HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AS "VISHAY") AND ATMEL CORPORATION 2325 ORCHARD PARKWAY SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA (HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AS "ATMEL") AND ATMEL HOLDING GMBH I.G. THERESIENSTR. 2 74025 HEILBRONN (HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AS "PURCHASER") -2- DEFINITIONS
"Affiliate" of any company shall mean a company affiliated with such firstmentioned company in the meaning of ss.ss. 15 et seq. German Stock Corporation Act (Aktiengesetz). Being "affiliated" shall have the corresponding meaning. "TEMIC" shall mean Temic Telefunken microelectronic GmbH or any Affiliate thereof. "TSG Discrete Subsidiaries" shall mean the companies belonging to the Discrete Business. "TSG IC Subsidiaries" shall mean the companies belonging to the IC Business. "TSG Part" shall mean the part of TSG neither being the IC Business nor the Discrete Business.
1. SALE AND TRANSFER OF THE TSG SHARE (1) Economically effective as of the end of February 28, 1998 (24:00 hrs.) (the date of such transfer is hereinafter referred to as the "IC Transfer Date") and in accordance with, upon and subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement: Seller hereby sells and transfers to the Purchaser a (partial) share in the nominal amount of DM 40,000,000 (the "TSG Share"; making up 50 % of the nominal share capital) of TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH, a German company ("TSG "), all rights and obligations pertaining thereto for the past and for the future, and with the right to receive the dividends pertaining to the TSG Share resulting from (x) the profits realized in the time from the IC Transfer Date on and (y) not yet distributed profits of TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries (such as retained earnings). (2) Economically effective as of the IC Transfer Date and in accordance with, upon and subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Seller hereby sells and transfers to the Purchaser the following receivables (Forderungen): (a) receivable of the Seller against MHS S.A. in the amount of US-$ 51,9 million (the "Matra Receivable"); (b) receivable of the Seller against TSG in the amount of US-$18,978,700.-- (the "TSG IC Receivable"). -3- (3) The Purchaser hereby accepts such sale and transfer referred to above under subcl. (1) and (2). (4) March 2, 1998, 24.00 hours shall be referred to as the "Effective Time" in this Agreement. (5) The notice to TSG of the share transfer pursuant to ss. 16 (1) of the German Limited Liability Company Act will be given immediately after the Effective Time. 2. CONDITIONS TO TRANSFER OF THE TSG SHARE The transfer of the TSG Share is subject to the conditions precedent that a) the Purchase Price (as defined) including interest thereon, if any, for all transfers contemplated by this Agreement be paid in full in accordance with Section 10; and b) a notification by the Federal Cartel Office (Bundeskartellamt) that the purchase of the TSG Share by the Purchaser does not fulfill the prohibition prerequisites of Sec. 24 (1) of the Act against Restraints of Competition (Gesetz gegen Wettbewerbsbeschrankungen) be received by Seller or Purchaser or their respective counsel. Until the effectiveness of the transfer of the TSG Share, the Seller will ensure that TSG will be managed in the ordinary course of business and that all major issues are, to the extent legally possible, discussed with the Purchaser before implementing them. 3. REAL ESTATE (1) Seller and Purchaser shall ensure that Seller or the Seller Spin-off Company and TSG (as tenants) and Purchaser or the Purchaser Spin-off Company (as landlord) execute, immediately after the effectiveness of the Spin-off, lease agreements with the following main conditions and otherwise at terms usually for lease agreements of this type. (2) Basic terms: Duration: 10 years Rent and expenses: based on the allocation of rent and expenses used prior to the IC Transfer Date if reasonable -4- Sublease: Right of the tenant with continuing secondary liability Moving-out: renovation obligations enabling landlord to continue leasing without renovation costs Environmental matters: full liability for environmental problems caused by tenant. 4. AGREEMENT REGARDING SPIN-OFF (1) The Seller and the Purchaser shall ensure that, as soon as legally possible, the business involving the design, marketing and manufacturing of Discretes (Servo, opto) and Power ICs (hereinafter referred to as the "Discrete Business") and the business involving the design, marketing and manufacturing of ICs (hereinafter referred to as the "IC Business") be split from each other (the "Spin-off") by spinning them off (abspalten) into two separate companies (the "Seller Spin-off Company" and the "Purchaser Spin-off Company"). The effective time of the Spin-off (Spaltungsstichtag) shall be February 28, 1998. (2) The Discrete Business is defined in more detail in Schedule 4.2. (3) The IC Business is defined in more detail in Schedule 4.3. The IC Business shall also include certain real estate to be mutually agreed upon between Seller and Purchaser at a later date as being compatible with the IC Business. To the extent that it is not possible or advisable to include such real estate in the Spin-off, the parties may elect to choose other ways of transfer from the Seller or its Affiliates to the Purchaser or its Affiliates. (4) The TSG Part is defined in more detail in Schedule 4.4. (5) The organization of TSG until the time of the effectiveness of the Spin-off (registration in the commercial register) is described in more detail in Schedule 4.5.a and the organization of the TSG IC Subsidiaries until the time of the fulfillment of the condition precedent contained in Section 2 (b) is described in more detail in Schedule 4.5.b. (6) The parties agree that Seller is entitled to elect that Temic Microelectronics Ges.mbH, Austria, is not part of the Spin-off. In such case Seller shall purchase Temic Microelectronics Ges.mbH at such conditions that no party is economically worse off than under the Spin-off (would the Spin-off include Temic Microelectronics Ges.mbH). (7) The parties agree that Purchaser or any of its Affiliates is entitled to elect that Matra S.A., France is not part of the Spin-off. In such case Purchaser or any of its Affiliates -5- shall purchase Matra S.A at such conditions that no party is economically worse off than under the Spin-off (would the Spin-off include Matra S.A.). (8) The parties agree that Purchaser or any Affiliate of Purchaser is entitled to receive the assets relating to the IC Business of Temic Semiconductor (Phils.) Inc.. Once the Seller (or an Affiliate of the Seller) or TSG becomes the shareholder of Temic Semiconductor (Phils.) Inc., the Seller shall ensure that Temic Semiconductor (Phils.) Inc. transfers to Purchaser or, at Purchaser's direction, to an Affiliate of the Purchaser, such assets of Temic Semiconductor (Phils.) Inc. which belong to the IC Business. It is understood between the parties that such assets belong to the IC Business sold hereunder to the Purchaser so that no additional purchase price is payable for such transfer of the assets. If a purchase price has to be paid, for whatever reasons, the parties shall ensure that no party is economically worse off than without any specific payment of a purchase price. Before Purchaser or any Affiliate of Purchaser exercises its right to receive the assets relating to the IC Business of Temic Semiconductor (Phils.) Inc., the Purchaser (or its relevant Affiliate) shall be responsible for the part of Temic Semiconductor (Phils.) Inc. belonging to the IC Business. Such responsibility shall include any costs relating to the giving of notices to employees and environmental issues, all to the extent they relate to the IC Business after the IC Transfer Date. (9) The parties agree that the TSG IC Receivable will be part of the Spin-off into the Purchaser Spin-off Company and that the TSG Discrete Receivable will be part of the Spin-off into the Seller Spin-off Company. (10) In case of disagreement between the Seller and the Purchaser regarding the content of the spin-off documentation (including the employees, assets, liabilities and contracts to be transferred), the Seller and/or the Purchaser may submit the issue in dispute to an arbiter jointly elected by the Seller and the Purchaser. If Seller and Purchaser cannot agree upon an arbiter, KPMG and Hengeler Mueller Weitzel Wirtz where Hengeler Mueller Weitzel Wirtz shall be responsible for the legal matters and KPMG shall be responsible for the non-legal matters shall decide the issue in dispute. (11) The parties agree that the TSG IC Receivable and the TSG Discrete Receivable shall be allocated to the IC Business (TSG IC Receivable) and to the Discrete Business (TSG Discrete Receivable). The parties further agree that the creditors of both such receivables shall not be entitled to (i) interest from TSG but only from the Seller Spin-off Company and the Purchaser Spin-off Company, respectively, and, (ii) repayment of any principal amount from TSG. (12) Seller shall be responsible for any taxes arising on the level of TSG in connection with the Spin-off of the Discrete Business to the Seller Spin-off Company and shall -6- indemnify TSG for any such tax payments. Purchaser shall be responsible for any taxes arising on the level of TSG in connection with the Spin-off of the IC Business to the Purchaser Spin-off Company and shall indemnify TSG for any such tax payments. 5. EMPLOYEES; PENSIONS (1) The parties will try to establish three lists of employees relating to TSG (the "Service Employees"), the Seller Spin-off Company (the "Discrete Employees") and the Purchaser Spin-off Company (the "IC Employees"), all for the time after the effectiveness of the Spin-off (and prior thereto to the individual business areas within TSG). (2) The parties agree that all pension liabilities of TSG with respect to the current IC Employees shall be part of the Spin-off into the Purchaser Spin-off Company, that all pension liabilities of TSG with respect to the current Discrete Employees shall be part of the Spin-off into the Seller Spin-off Company and that all pension liabilities of TSG with respect to the current Service Employees shall remain part of TSG. All pension liabilities with respect to the former employees of TSG (including retired employees) shall be part of the Spin-off into the Seller Spin-off Company (to the extent legally possible). To the extent it is not legally possible to transfer by way of Spin-off all pension liabilities relating to all former employees of TSG to the Seller Spin-off Company, such pension obligations shall remain with TSG and the Seller, Vishay and the Seller Spin-off Company shall reimburse and hold harmless TSG for all costs and expenses resulting from the pension obligations which have to remain with TSG. 6. AGENTS, DISTRIBUTORS; SALES OFFICES (1) Independent sales agents and distributors active in the distribution of goods of the Discrete Business and the IC Business shall, if the parties so decide, continue to distribute goods of both such Businesses. In such a case, both, the Seller Spin-off Company and the Purchaser Spin-off Company, shall try to execute independent agreements with the agents and distributors. (2) If only one of the parties decides that it wants to continue with the respective agent or distributor, the other party shall try to execute an agreement with such agent or distributor on the terms of the termination. In case such distributor is entitled to -7- receive a compensation because of the loss of part of the business, such compensation shall be borne by the party electing to discontinue with the agent or distributor. (3) With respect to sales offices of the Business, Seller and Purchaser shall try to find an allocation of such sales offices to one or both of them together with an agreement regarding the respective division of costs. The Purchaser shall state which sales offices it wants to use. If the Seller also wants to use such sales office the costs shall, unless the parties agree otherwise, be shared in the relation of 60 % (Seller) and 40 % (Purchaser). In cases where only Seller or Purchaser want to use the respective sales office the respective party shall bear all of its costs. Where neither party wants to use the respective sales office, the sales office shall be closed and the costs shall, unless the parties agree otherwise, be shared in the relation of 60 % (Seller) and 40 % (Purchaser). 7. OBLIGATIONS OF SELLER AND PURCHASER AT THE EFFECTIVE TIME At the Effective Time the Seller shall have put TSG and each of the TSG IC Subsidiaries into the financial position that there is no negative balance on the intercompany accounts ("IC Accounts") with Daimler Benz AG or any Affiliate of Daimler Benz AG or Vishay or any Affiliate of Vishay and no negative balance on the bank accounts ("Bank Accounts") nor that there is any bank debt outstanding except for the following debt of TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries: (1) debt of MHS S.A. against the Seller in the amount of US-$ 51,9 million being the Matra Receivable; (2) debt of TSG against the Seller in the amount of US-$ 18,978,700 being the TSG IC Receivable; and (3) debt of TSG against the Seller relating to the Discrete Business and being referred to as the TSG Discrete Receivable in an amount equal to the remainder between the total debt of TSG against the Seller (approximately DM 112 million) and US-$ 18,978,700. 8. CHANGE OF CONTROL AGREEMENTS (1) Some of the contracts and agreements of TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries contain clauses that give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration in the event that the direct or indirect control of TSG or a TSG IC Subsidiary should change. All -8- material change of control agreements of TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries, including but not limited to agreements with licensors and with customers and clients, are listed on Schedule 8.1 (together with any such agreements not listed on Schedule 8.1, the "Change of Control Agreements"). (2) Except as otherwise provided in this Section, Seller does not warrant, and any warranty is expressly excluded, that the respective other party or parties to the Change of Control Agreements will not assert a termination right, renegotiation right or similar right as a result of the execution and performance of this Agreement; this limitation of warranty also applies to any statutory termination or similar rights in the event of a change of control. (3) Notwithstanding subcl. (2) above, Seller shall use its commercially reasonable efforts, and shall try to obtain the assistance of TEMIC and/or Daimler Benz AG to assist the Purchaser in its efforts to afford the Purchaser the benefits of the continuation of the Change of Control Agreements from and after the Effective Time, despite the sale and transfer of the TSG Share to the Purchaser. (4) With respect to the MHS S.A. (formerly "MATRA MHS S.A.") grant and subsidies matter described in Section 6 (5) of the Vishay-Temic Agreement, the Seller shall exercise all its rights described thereunder and shall assign to or (if the assignment is not possible) pass on to the Purchaser any benefits received thereunder, especially any reimbursements under the 80 %/20 % indemnity provision contained in such aforementioned Section. In order to benefit from such indemnity, the Purchaser is aware that it will have to comply with the obligations of the Seller contained in such aforementioned Section. 9. PURCHASE PRICE (1) The purchase price for the TSG Share (the "Share Purchase Price") amounts to US-$ 37,374,300 and includes the additional real estate referred to in Section 4 (3), above. The purchase price of the Matra Receivable amounts to US-$ 51,900,000 and the purchase price for the TSG IC Receivable amounts to US-$18,978,700 (together the "Receivables Purchase Price"). The Share Purchase Price and the Receivables Purchase Price shall together be referred to as the "Purchase Price". Together, the Purchase Price (calculated on a debt-free basis, see Section 7) amounts to US-$ 108,253,000. (2) The Purchase Price is reduced by any negative balance on the IC Accounts and Bank Accounts (including any bank debt), other than the receivables referred to in Section 7 -9- hereof, which have not been settled prior to the Effective Time as provided for in Section 7 hereof. (3) If the diputes/litigation matters with IBM and SGS-Thompson lead to payment obligations in excess of the sum of DM 1,8 million and FF 28 million then the Seller shall pay to the Purchaser any excess above such aforementioned sum up to a maximum of US-$ 1 million. (4) To the extent that balance sheet adjustments in respect of the IC Business or the TSG Part are being made in accordance with the provisions of the Vishay-Temic Agreement then the Purchase Price is reduced by 100 % of any negative balance of the adjustments relating to the IC Business and by 50 % of any negative balance of the adjustments relating to the TSG Part on the basis that the Purchaser shall benefit from any adjustments in accordance with the provisions of the Vishay-Temic Agreement as if he were a party to such agreement. 10. PAYMENT (1) In case the condition precedent contained in Section 2 (b) has not been fulfilled on the date hereof, the Purchaser shall pay the Purchase Price to the following escrow account: Account: 844386 Bank: Nations Bank, Texas Accountholder: Vishay Int. in trust for Atmel Corp. The payment shall be made under the condition that the amount shall be paid to the Seller upon fulfillment of the condition precedent contained in Section 2 (b) provided this fulfillment occurs prior to June 30, 1998. If the fulfillment of the aforementioned condition precedent does not occur prior to June 30, 1998, the payment of the escrow amount shall be made to the Purchaser. The interest accruing on the escrow account shall be for the benefit of the Purchaser. (2) 3 % over and above the discount rate of the German Federal Reserve Bank prevailing from time to time is hereby agreed to be the interest rate for all cases of payment default (Zahlungsverzug) among the parties to this Agreement; the creditor may assert excess damage. (3) Payment of the Purchase Price shall be made in U.S. dollars. -10- 11. TAXES (1) Definitions a) For purposes of this Agreement, "Tax" or "Taxes" shall mean all taxes, charges, fees, levies, penalties or other assessments including, but not limited to, income, excise, property, sales, transfer, franchise, payroll, withholding, social security, value added, or other taxes, including any interest, penalties or additions attributable thereto, imposed by the relevant federal, state, or local taxing authority or a taxing authority of any other country. b) For purposes of this Agreement, "Tax Return" shall mean any returns, statements, reports and forms (including estimated tax or information returns and reports) required to be filed with any taxing authority with respect to Taxes. (2) Cooperation on Tax Matters a) Purchaser and Seller and, to the extent reasonably required, TSG shall cooperate fully, as and to the extent reasonably requested by the other party, in connection with the preparation and filing of Tax Returns, and any audit, litigation or other proceeding with respect to Taxes. Such cooperation shall include the retention and (upon the other party's request) the provision of records and information which are reasonably relevant to any such audit, litigation or other proceeding and making employees available on a mutually convenient basis to provide additional information and explanation of any material provided hereunder. b) Purchaser and Seller agree (i) until one year after expiration of all applicable statutes of limitation (as may be extended) to retain, or cause to be retained, all books and records with respect to Tax matters pertinent to TSG relating to any taxable periods ending prior to or including the IC Transfer Date, and to abide by all record retention agreements entered into with any taxing authority, (ii) to give the other party reasonable written notice prior to destroying or discarding any such books and records after the periods described in (i) above, and (iii) if the other party so requests, allow the other party to take possession of such books and records. c) Purchaser and Seller further agree, upon request from the other party, to use all reasonable efforts to obtain any certificate or other document from any governmental authority or customer of TSG or from any other person as may be necessary to mitigate, reduce or eliminate any Tax that could be imposed, -11- including but not limited to with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby. (3) Tax representation and indemnification, Set-off of Tax Benefit Subject to Section 13 (6), (9) and - with the exception (b), below- (12): a) Seller represents that each of TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries has timely, completely, and accurately in all material respects, filed all Tax Returns required to be filed by it on or before the IC Transfer Date with respect to any taxable period or periods ending on or before the IC Transfer Date, and has paid, or, as the case may be, has caused its Affiliates to pay in a timely fashion all Taxes shown to be due on such Tax Returns to the appropriate tax authorities. Except with respect to any tax audits, there is no action, suit, proceeding, investigation or claim for any Taxes been proposed, asserted or, to the knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Seller, threatened. Seller hereby indemnifies Purchaser against and agrees to hold the Purchaser harmless from any unpaid Tax of (or levied against) TSG and/or the TSG IC Subsidiaries with respect to unpaid Taxes with respect to any periods ending on or before the IC Transfer Date. b) Purchaser hereby indemnifies Seller against and agrees to hold Seller harmless from any Tax imposed on a Vishay Company or any of their Affiliates with respect to the business of the TSG IC Subsidiaries, incurred with respect to any taxable period or periods beginning on or after and ending after the IC Transfer Date. Seller hereby indemnifies Purchaser against and agrees to hold Purchaser harmless from any Tax imposed on an Atmel Company or any of their Affiliates with respect to the business of the TSG Discrete Subsidiaries, incurred with respect to any taxable period or periods beginning on or after and ending after the IC Transfer Date. c) Any indemnity obligation pursuant to Section 11 (3) (a) or (b) above shall be (i) reduced by any Tax Benefit realized by the indemnified party or any Affiliate thereof or successor thereto, with respect to such Taxes or the adjustment giving rise to such claim for indemnification, and (ii) subject to presentation of the final assessment of such Tax, on or before the 60th day following the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations. "Tax Benefit" shall mean the present value or any present or future deduction, expense, loss, increase in asset basis, credit or refund then or thereafter realized by a party or an Affiliate thereof or successor thereto, in respect of Tax Benefits in Germany or elsewhere calculated using the interest rate of 6 % per annum. -12- d) Each party agrees (i) to give within ten Business Days written notice to the other party of any additional Tax (including, but not limited to, any Tax assessments, whether final or not) or the assertion of any claim or the commencement of any suit, action or proceeding in respect of which such party may seek indemnity hereunder, and (ii) to give the other party such information with respect thereto as the other party may reasonably request, and (iii) upon the other party's instruction, to file, or cause the company concerned to file, any notice, objection or otherwise with the appropriate taxing authority. The indemnifying party shall not be liable under this Section 11 (3) to the extent such party is materially adversely affected by the indemnified party's failure to comply with this provision. e) An indemnifying party may, at its own expense, (i) participate in and (ii) upon notice to the other party, assume the defence of any suit, action or proceeding, including any Tax audit, concerning any Tax liability as to which it may be liable under this Section 11 (3) and as to which written notice was given pursuant to Section 11 (3) d). If a party chooses to defend or prosecute any claim, all of the parties hereto shall cooperate in the defence or prosecution thereof. A party shall not be liable under Section 11 (3) to the extent such party's liability under this Section is materially adversely affected as a result of any failure or omission to do so on the part of the other party or any Affiliate thereof or successor thereto. 12. WARRANTIES OF SELLER The Seller hereby represents and warrants to the Purchaser as follows: (1) The description of and representations as to the corporate structure of TSG and its Affiliates set forth, or referred to, in Section 1 (1) through (8) of the Vishay-Temic Agreement are true and accurate in all material respects. Seller is the creditor of the Matra Receivable and the TSG IC Receivable; such receivables are due and payable with no more than 10 days notice, they are free and unencumbered in all respects and the respective debtors do not have any right to refuse or delay payment thereunder. Upon execution of this Agreement, the Purchaser will be the creditor of such receivables. (2) TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries are a corporation, a limited liability company or a partnership duly organized, validly existing and, where applicable, in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organisation. Each of TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries has all requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted, except where the -13- failure to be so existing and in good standing or to have such power or authority would not individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition or result of operations of TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries, taken as a whole (a "Material Adverse Effect") in excess of DM 1 million. TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries are duly qualified or licensed to do business as a foreign corporation, foreign limited liability company or foreign partnership and, where applicable, are in good standing to do business in each jurisdiction in which the property owned, leased or operated by it or the nature of the business conducted by it makes such qualification or licensing necessary, except in such jurisdictions where failure to be so duly qualified or licensed and in good standing would not, in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect in excess of DM 1 million. Schedule 12.2 sets forth a complete and accurate list of all jurisdictions in which TSG and each of the TSG IC Subsidiaries are qualified or licensed to do business. The Seller has heretofore delivered to the Purchaser accurate and complete copies of the certificate of incorporation and bylaws (or other similar charter documents) or partnership agreements of TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries (except inactive Subsidiaries identified as such on Schedule 12.2), as currently in effect. (3) The Seller has the requisite power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Seller and the consummation by the Seller of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Seller, except as set forth in this Agreement. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Seller and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery by the Purchaser, constitutes a valid and binding agreement of the Seller, enforceable against the Seller in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally. (4) Except as set forth on Schedule 12.4 and except for applicable requirements of the German GWB and ss. 3 of the German Currency Act (Wahrungsgesetz) to the knowledge of the Seller, there is no requirement applicable to the Seller or TSG to make any filing with, or to obtain any permit, authorization, consent or approval of, any governmental or regulatory authority, domestic or foreign, as a condition to the lawful consummation by the Seller of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Except as set forth on Schedule 12.4, neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Seller nor the consummation by the Seller of the transactions contemplated hereby nor compliance by the Seller with any of the provisions hereof will (i) conflict with or result in any breach of any provision of the certificate of incorporation or bylaws (or other similar charter documents) of the Seller or TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries, or (ii) assuming that the filings referred to in the first sentence of this subcl. (4) are duly and timely made, to the -14- knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Seller, violate any order, writ, injunction, decree, statute, treaty, rule or regulation applicable to the Seller, TEMIC, TSG, any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets; excluding from this clause (ii) such breaches, defaults and violations which in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect in excess of DM 1 million. (5) Except for the possibility that the French Government (Ministry of Industry) might consider to claim repayment of French Franc 417 million the Subsidy granted to MATRA MHS S.A., unless appropriate assurances which may be expected by the French Government would be given by the Purchaser, neither the Seller nor TEMIC have reason to believe that the other parties to the Change of Control Agreements, which are material to the Business, will upon the sale and transfer of the TSG Share to the Purchaser or the Spin-off, exercise a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration under any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any such material Change of Control Agreement. (6) All legal, administrative, arbitration or other proceedings or governmental investigations (except tax audits) ("Proceedings") pending or, to the knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Seller, threatened in writing, against TSG or the TSG IC Subsidiaries, which are reasonably expected to result in a damage award of more than DM 1,000,000 individually are disclosed on Schedule 12.6. Except for Proceedings relating to environmental or tax matters, there are no Proceedings pending or, to the knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Seller, threatened in writing, involving TSG or the TSG IC Subsidiaries (other than Maxim, SGS Thompson and IBM) which will result in aggregate damage awards of more than the sum of DM 2,000,000. (7) a) Except as set forth on Schedule 12.7, to the knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Seller, TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries are in compliance with all Environmental Law (as hereinafter defined) as presently in effect, except for such violations which could not reasonably be expected individually to have a Material Adverse Effect in excess of DM 500,000. Except as set forth on Schedule 12.7, to the knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Seller, neither TSG nor any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries has received any written communication from a governmental authority that alleges that such company is not in compliance with all applicable Environmental Law as presently in effect, except for such events of noncompliance which could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect in excess of DM 200,000 in each individual case. All material permits and other governmental authorization currently held by TSG pursuant to an Environmental Law are identified on Schedule 12.7. -15- b) Except as set forth on Schedule 12.7, there is no Environmental Claim (as hereinafter defined) pending, or, to the knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Seller, threatened in writing against TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Seller, against any person or entity whose liability for such an Environmental Claim TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries has or may have retained or assumed either contractually or by operation of law, except for such Environmental Claims which could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect in excess of DM 200,000. c) As used herein, the following terms shall have the meaning set forth below: (i) "Environmental Claim" means any claim or notice in writing, received by TEMIC, the Seller, TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries by any person or any entity alleging potential liability (including, without limitation, potential liability for investigatory costs, clean-up costs, governmental response costs, natural resources damages, property damages, personal injuries, or penalties) arising out of, based on or resulting from (a) the presence, or release into the environment, of any Hazardous Materials (as hereinafter defined) at any location, whether or not owned by TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries or (b) any violation, or alleged violation, of any Environmental Law. (ii) "Environmental Law" means all federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment applicable to the property and business of TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries. (iii)"Hazardous Materials" means materials defined as "hazardous substances", "hazardous wastes", "solid wastes" or words of similar import in any Environmental Laws, as presently in effect. (8) Except as set forth on Schedule 12.8, and except for standard corporate policy, and except as provided for by law or collective bargaining agreements or similar provisions, neither TSG nor, to the knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Seller, any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries is a party to or bound by any contract, agreement or arrangement with its employees regarding an obligation to make severance payments in case of a termination of employment. (9) Intellectual property -16- a) Except for such intellectual property the absence of which is not material, Schedule 12.9 sets forth the following: (i) all intellectual property rights (including applications) that have been registered for TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries in the corresponding registry, and (ii) all licences to intellectual property rights and copyrights (except for standard software) that have been licensed to TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries on the basis of a licence agreement or other right (passive licences), and (iii) all licences granted by TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries to third parties (active licences). Schedule 12.9 is not intended to contain - standard software licences; - internal licences between any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries; - licences under the foregoing subpara. (iii) that are implicitly granted to customers in agreements with customers, including licences to allow design, service, repair and similar services to be performed by third parties. The intellectual property rights set forth on Schedule 12.9 pursuant to subpara. (i), above are hereinafter referred to as the "Intellectual Property Rights"; the trademarks contained therein are hereinafter referred to as the "Trademarks". b) The Intellectual Property Rights registered for TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries are owned by the respective company and to the knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Seller free and clear of any encumbrances or other rights of third parties, except for employee inventor rights, sublicenses, and, to the extent included on Schedule 12.9, cross license agreements and co-ownership rights. c) None of the Intellectual Property Rights, except applications, has been adjudicated unenforceable or ineffective in any other manner. Neither the Seller nor TEMIC has any knowledge that any of the Intellectual Property Rights is not valid or not subsisting. d) The Intellectual Property Rights and the other intellectual property rights including licences provided in this Agreement to be conveyed to TSG and the -17- TSG IC Subsidiaries are all material intellectual property rights which belong to or are lawfully used in the Business as defined in Section 1 (9) of the Vishay-Temic Agreement. (10) a) Except as set forth on Schedule 12.10.a, TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries ----------------- incorporated in Germany have not entered into agreements with its works council with respect to maintaining a certain number of workers, a certain organization or salaries and wages that are effective past December 31, 1997. All pension plans applicable to employees of TSG or employees of TSG IC Subsidiaries incorporated in Germany are also set forth on Schedule 12.10.a. Except as set forth on Schedule 12.10.a, to the knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Seller, there is no strike, work stoppage, work slowdown or other material labor disturbance involving employees of TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries pending, or to the knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Seller, threatened. b) A true, correct and complete list dated January 31, 1998 of all employees of TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries in the form of the personnel statistics as routinely prepared as part of the internal reporting system used by them is attached as Schedule 12.10.b. (11) Schedule 12.11 is a complete and accurate list of all material insurance policies currently carried by TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries (summarizing in all material respects the amount and scope of the coverage provided by each such policy). Each such insurance policy is in full force and effect and there is no material default by TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries with respect to any provision contained in any such insurance policy, including, without limitation, any failure to give any notice or to present any claim under any such policy in a timely fashion or in the manner or detail required by the policy, except for such defaults or failures, which, individually or in the aggregate, could not be expected to be material. (12) a) The Seller has previously furnished to the Purchaser the audited balance sheets of TTMG and those of its direct or indirect subsidiaries relating to the semiconductor business as of December 31, 1996 listed on Schedule 12.12.a (the "GERMAN AUDITED BALANCE SHEETS" or "AUDITED BALANCE SHEETS") and the related audited income statements of TTMG and of its direct or indirect subsidiaries listed on Schedule 12.12.a for the fiscal year then ended (together with the notes thereto) accompanied by the report thereon of the independent public accountants (collectively with the German Audited Balance Sheet, the "GERMAN AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS" or the "AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS"). The Audited Balance Sheets (including the related notes) as of the time when they were prepared fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the companies concerned therein as of De- -18- cember 31, 1996, and the other related year-end statements included in the Audited Financial Statements (including the related notes) fairly present in all material respects the results of operations of the companies included therein for the fiscal year then ended. b) In addition to the Pro Forma Balance Sheet including the related income statement, the Seller has furnished to the Purchaser pro forma interim consolidated financial statements (including related income statements) for the Business (comprised of the Discrete Business and the IC Business) as of June 30, 1997, September 30, 1997, and December 31, 1997, which were routinely prepared in accordance with Schedule 12.12.b ---------------- consistently applied as part of the internal reporting system used by TSG and the Subsidiaries (collectively, including the Pro Forma Balance Sheet, referred to as the "PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS"). (i) The Pro Forma Financial Statements, as of the time when they were prepared, fairly present in all material respects the financial positions of the Business as of the respective dates thereof and the results of operations of the Business for the respective time periods covered thereby. (ii) Except in connection with the transactions referred to in or contemplated by this Agreement, since the time of the preparation of the pro forma interim consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 1997, (i) TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries have conducted the Business in all material respects only in the ordinary and normal course consistent with past practice, and (ii) there has not been any material adverse change in the operations or financial condition of the Business. Due to the scope of this Agreement, this subclause (12) only grants rights to the Purchaser to the extent the IC Business is concerned. (13) a) Schedule 12.13.a contains a true and complete list of the following important contracts to which TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries is a party (a "GERMAN TSG PARTY") and, collectively, the "GERMAN TSG PARTIES") and which have not yet been fully performed, except for contracts required to be disclosed in any other schedule to this Agreement and except for contracts exclusively relating to the Discrete Business: -19- (i) All manufacturers sales representatives agreements, distributor agreements (including franchises) or agreements providing for the services of an independent contractor if such agreement involves annual sales volume or an obligation of the German TSG Parties of more than DM 2,000,000. (ii) All loan agreements, indentures, mortgages, pledges and security agreements, having (in the case of indebtedness) a principal amount or providing for (in the case of other agreements) aggregate payments in excess of DM 1,000,000 and all guaranties with a guaranteed amount in excess of DM 200,000. (iii) All leases or lease purchase agreements providing for monthly payments in excess of DM 40,000 or annual payments in excess of DM 500,000. (iv) All other contracts or agreements relating to the business or operations of the German TSG Parties which in the best judgement of the German TSG Parties are important to the business or operations of the German TSG Parties and which involve payments or receipts by the German TSG Parties of more than DM 2,000,000 individually. b) Schedule 12.13.b contains a list of all material contracts of TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries with the United States or any foreign government or any agency or department of any thereof pursuant to which TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries is entitled to receive grants, subsidies or similar financial support. To the knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Seller, the validity or enforceability of the contracts listed on Schedule 12.13.a and 12.13.b has not been legally contested or questioned in writing. To the knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Seller, there does not exist any breach or default on the part of TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries or the other party thereto under any of the contracts listed on Schedule 12.13.a and 12.13.b, except such breaches or defaults which would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect in excess of DM 4 million. (14) All financial and other obligations which might result from the judgement of the Supreme Court in Manila dated December 12, 1997 or related judgements pertaining to the lay-off of workers and employees by TEMIC Telefunken microelectronic (Philippines) Inc. are exclusively obligations of TEMIC Telefunken microelectronic (Philippines) Inc. and shall have no financial impact on TEMIC Semiconductors (Phils.) Inc., TSG or the TSG IC Subsidiaries. -20- (15) Except as set forth on Schedule 12.15 and except for each event of non-compliance or violation which would not have a Material Adverse Effect in excess of DM 2,000,000, (i) to the knowledge of TEMIC and/or the Sellerduring the three year period immediately preceding the date of this Agreement, TEMIC, TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries have conducted their respective businesses in material compliance with all material applicable laws, and (ii) neither TEMIC, the Seller nor TSG nor any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries have received any written notice of violation of any applicable regulation, ordinance or other law which is applicable and material to the Business. Only as a clarification of the general rule contained in subcl. (28), it is hereby stated that this subcl. (15) shall not apply to subject matters of an area which can be the subject of a representation and warranty where this Agreement contains a specific warranty, in other words, this subcl. (15) shall not apply, e.g., to any environmental matter, whether or not covered by subcl. (7), because environmental warranty matters are conclusively dealt with in that subcl. (7). (16) TSG and each of the TSG IC Subsidiaries has complied in all material respects with all specifications and other requirements of the U.S. Government (including, but not limited to, the Department of Defense and NASA) (the "U.S. Government"), made applicable by the U.S. Government to the design and manufacturing of the products manufactured by TSG and each of the TSG IC Subsidiaries and directly, or with the knowledge of TSG or TSG IC Subsidiaries, sold to the U.S. Government, except for all such instances or events of non-compliance which would not, in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect in excess of DM 1 million. In addition, TSG and each of the TSG IC Subsidiaries have complied in all material respects with all (i) government or military specifications or requirements and Qualified Product Lists of the U.S. Government published from time to time by the Defense Supply Center which are applicable to products manufactured by the Business (the "Qualified Product Lists") and (ii) established reliability, testing, quality assurance or other similar procedures and/or regulations (including, but not limited to, procurement regulations relating to the failure to comply with such procedures and/or regulations) of the U.S. Government incorporating such standards applicable to any products manufactured by the Business prior to the date hereof, except for all such instances or events of non-compliance and all failures to establish such standards which would not, in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect in excess of DM 1000,000. (17) Intentionally left blank. (18) Schedule 12.18 contains a list of all contracts between TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and the Seller or any company in which Vishay or Daimler Benz AG hold a (direct or indirect) majority interest (in terms of capital and votes), on the other hand, which (i) have a term that will continue past the IC -21- Transfer Date, and (ii) have resulted in annual payment obligations of TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries in excess of DM 1 million. Additionally, Schedule 12.18 contains a list of all contracts between TSG on the one side and any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries on the other side with the same conditions referred to under (i) and (ii) of the preceding sentence. (19) Intentionally left blank. (20) Schedule 12.20 contains a true and complete list of the 10 major customers and suppliers of the IC Business. Neither TEMIC nor the Seller nor TSG nor the TSG IC Subsidiaries have any reason to believe that any of the three largest customers listed on Schedule 12.20 will not, in all material respects, continue its customer relationship with the IC Business after the Effective Time. (21) Schedule 12.21 contains a true and complete list of the current directors and officers (or the persons holding equivalent positions, where applicable) of TSG and each TSG IC Subsidiary. (22) Schedule 12.22 contains a true and complete list of all major bank accounts of TSG. (23) The Seller has previously made available to the Purchaser true and complete copies of the standard warranty provided by TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries on sales orders and other related documents which are delivered in connection with product sales. Except as set forth on Schedule 12.23, TSG's and the TSG IC Subsidiaries' customary practice is to include only such standard warranty. (24) Intentionally left blank. (25) Subject to the drop down transactions of TSG registered in December 1997, the assets, liabilities and operations of TSG and its Affiliates are substantially the same as the assets, liabilities and operations of the "TEMIC Semiconductor" business as it was previously conducted and offered by TEMIC to the Seller and which formed the basis of the Pro Forma Balance Sheet and the other Pro-Forma Financial Statements. (26) Neither TEMIC nor the Seller has any reason to believe that the relationship with Tomen will materially negatively change as a result of the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. (27) Except for the warranties set forth or referred to in this Section 12, or expressly set forth elsewhere in this Agreement, the Seller expressly gives no other warranties, whether express or implied; any such other warranties are expressly excluded. -22- (28) The parties hereto are in agreement that if two or more of the representations and warranties contained in this Agreement relate, directly or indirectly, to the same subject matter, the more specific representation and warranty shall be deemed to be the only representation and warranty with respect to such subject matter and the Purchaser shall not have any indemnification claim against the Seller as a result of an inaccuracy of the more general representation and warranty. (29) It is not considered a misrepresentation or a breach of warranty if an item of information is not set forth on the corresponding Schedule but contained in another Schedule or elsewhere in this Agreement. 13. INDEMNIFICATION (1) If and to the extent that one or several of the representations or warranties given by the Seller should be inaccurate, the Purchaser is entitled to claim restitution of the warranted situation or, if and to the extent that this is not possible or if and to the extent restitution is refused, monetary damages except as limited elsewhere in this Agreement. The claim for monetary damages exists in the amount that is necessary to establish the situation as it has been represented and warranted, or, if that is not possible, in the amount which is inevitably necessary to make up for the foreseeable direct damage directly attributable to the breach of warranty. In determining the amount of damages, no missed profit (entgangener Gewinn) or other consequential damage (mittelbarer oder Folgeschaden) shall be included. (2) Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, the right of the Purchaser to assert a claim under subcl. (1) above or under any other provision or in connection with this Agreement shall expire on March 31, 1999 (statute of limitation, Verjahrungsfrist). Required and sufficient for complying with this period is the assertion of a claim against the Seller in writing setting forth conclusively in reasonable detail the facts that support the claim and specifying in detail the amount thereof. The assertion of a claim in this manner constitutes an interruption (Unterbrechung) of the running of the above term, for a period of six months, solely in respect of the claim asserted and the factual basis therefor. (3) During the period under subcl. (2) above the Purchaser agrees to give the Seller prompt notice, in form and substance as provided in subcl. (2) above, of any event, or any written claim by a third party of which Purchaser, obtains knowledge, which could give rise to any damage, liability, loss, cost or expense as to which it may request monetary damages under subcl. (1) of this Section in order to provide the Seller with the opportunity to bring about the warranted situation or to mitigate the damages, but the failure to give such prompt notice shall not affect the Purchaser's -23- rights hereunder, except to the extent the Seller were materially and adversely prejudiced thereby. (4) Notwithstanding subcl. (2) above a) the statute of limitations for asserting any deficiencies in legal title to the TSG Share and the shares in the TSG IC Subsidiaries shall be five years from December 31, 1997; b) the statute of limitations for asserting a claim under Section 11 hereof shall in respect of TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries be three months after the date of the finality of the tax assessment after the respective tax audit. (5) The principles of offsetting benefits from damaging events (e.g. insurance payments, offsets of reserves, tax effects etc.) against the damage (Vorteilsausgleichung) shall be applied. This shall include, but not be limited to the following: If after the Effective Time, TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries should reduce the scope of its insurance vis-a-vis the current status, it shall be assumed, for purposes of applying the rules on offsetting losses against benefits from the damaging events (Vorteilsausgleichung), that no such reduction of the scope of insurance has occurred. This assumption shall not apply to any reduction in the scope of insurance of TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries (i) if such reduction is the result of an extraordinary industrywide increase of the premiums charged for maintaining the relevant insurance coverage at current levels and if, as a result of such increase, a substantial number of businesses competing with the Business have similarly reduced the scope of their respective insurance, or (ii) if a type of insurance previously carried by TSG or a TSG IC Subsidiary is no longer available throughout the insurance industry. (6) Rescission because of error (Irrtumsanfechtung) and termination pursuant toss.463 German Civil Code ("BGB") (Wandelung) are excluded. (7) A claim under subcl. (1) can be raised only if and to the extent the amount of a justified individual claim exceeds the minimum amount of DM 125,000and if and to the extent the total amount of all individual claims raised (if and to the extent they each exceed DM 125,000) exceeds DM 3,500,000 in the aggregate. (8) All other claims of the Purchaser against Seller under or in connection with this Agreement are excluded, to the extent permitted under applicable law, except as expressly provided in this Section 13. -24- (9) Except for any liability arising from a deficiency in legal title of the TSG Share or a deficiency in TSG's title in the shares in MHS S.A., Seller's total liability to pay damages under and in connection with this Agreement and its consummation is limited to the higher of (i) US-$ 11 million and (ii) the total amount recovered by the Seller under the Vishay-Temic Agreement. (10) No party shall be liable for an unintentional inaccuracy of a representation or warranty to the extent that the inaccuracy has been disclosed to the other party by way of the information contained in this Agreement and its Schedules. (11) Claims relating to or resulting from warranties which are given herein "To the knowledge of ..." or "have no knowledge ..." or are in some other way linked to "knowledge", can be asserted only if such warranties in a provable way were given despite the actual, not deemed or constructive, knowledge (tatsachliches, nicht zugerechnetes oder fiktives Wissen) of the director(s) (Geschaftsfuhrer) of the company (or companies) whose knowledge is relevant, of the inaccuracy of the warranty so given. The phrase "to the knowledge of ..., there is no ..." or phrases of similar construction are to be interpreted to mean that the relavant company is not aware of any facts which would make the statement inaccurate. Knowledge of Messrs. Hans-Peter Eberhardt, Dr. Frank Heinricht, Dr. Gerhard Bolenz, Richard Kulle, Michel Thouvenin, if any, shall be deemed to be knowledge of TEMIC. Knowledge of Mr. Avi Eden shall be deemed to be knowledge of the Seller. The warranties which are given "to the knowledge" or "have knowledge" or are in some other way linked to "knowledge" or "no knowledge" are given by the person or persons after such person or persons having conducted reasonable inquiries expected from a diligent businessman (ordentlicher Geschaftsmann). (12) Unless explicitly provided to the contrary, the remedies of the Purchaser against the Seller under Sec. 13 and Sec. 14 shall be limited to the remedies realized and/or amounts recovered by the Seller under the Vishay-Temic Agreement, provided however, that such limitation shall not apply in case that a remedy under the Vishay-Temic Agreement should not be realized and/or an amount not be recovered by the Seller, whether in full or only partially, on the basis that - certain information, which has not been disclosed in the Vishay-Temic Agreement or in this Agreement, at any time, was available, or was deemed or imputed to have been available, to the Seller but not to the Purchaser, or that - the effects of the event triggering the remedy are offset, or are compensated in any other way, by benefits, of which the economic effect is not allocated and flowing to the Purchaser in full under this Agreement, or that -25- - the Seller, or any person whose acts or omissions to act are imputed to the Seller, has taken, or has omitted to take, or has refrained from taking, any action, whether of a legal or factual nature, after the execution of the Vishay-Temic Agreement, or that - the Seller has not, or is deemed to have not, suffered damages or negative effects of any kind for the reason that it has entered into this Agreement, or that - the Seller has settled, or has waived, or forfeited in any way, any rights and remedies it would otherwise have had under the Vishay-Temic Agreement. unless the failure of the Seller to realize a remedy and/or to recover an amount under the Vishay-Temic Agreement was the result of the Purchaser's failure to give prompt notice to the Seller according to Sec. 13.3 above. In case that any of the above circumstances should result merely in a limited availability to the Seller of remedies under the Vishay-Temic Agreement, the remedies of the Purchaser under this Agreement shall be available to the Purchaser to the extent they would have been available if such circumstance had not occurred or become existent. In case that a remedy under the Vishay-Temic Agreement should not be available to the Seller as a result of caps or any maximum amounts agreed in the Vishay-Temic Agreement being reached due to other remedies asserted by the Seller, which do not directly relate to remedies asserted by the Purchaser against the Seller under this Agreement, the total maximum amount of the remedies of the Seller under the Vishay-Temic Agreement shall be allocated proportionally to the total amount of the remedies asserted by the Purchaser against the Seller under this Agreement on the one side and to the total amount of the other unrelated remedies asserted by the Seller under the Vishay-Temic Agreement on the other side. The same shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to the case that caps or maximum amounts agreed in the Vishay-Temic Agreement for certain defined events are reached, with the provision that the allocation shall then be made to the total amount of the remedies asserted by the Purchaser against the Seller for such defined events on the one side and the total amount of the other unrelated remedies asserted by the Seller for such defined events under the Vishay-Temic Agreement on the other side. In case that a remedy under the Vishay-Temic Agreement should not be available to the Seller as a result of baskets or minimum amounts agreed in the Vishay-Temic Agreement, and provided that such baskets or minimum amounts would be reached if the Seller asserted other claims it has or had under the Vishay-Temic Agreement, the baskets or maximum amounts agreed in the Vishay-Temic Agreement shall be -26- deemed not be applicable and do not limit Purchasers remedies hereunder. In case that baskets or minimum amounts agreed in this Agreement should result in negative effects to the Purchaser not being compensated in full, and provided that the Seller is entitled to full compensation under the Vishay-Temic Agreement, the respective baskets or minimum amounts shall be deemed not to be applicable and do not limit Purchaser's remedies hereunder. In case that retainers agreed in this Agreement or in the Vishay-Temic Agreement should result in negative effects to the Purchaser not being compensated in full, and provided that other unrelated remedies are available to the Seller under the Vishay-Temic Agreement, which fall under the same or similar retainer, then the negative effects of such retainer shall be allocated proportionally on the Seller and the Purchaser according to the principles stated above for the case of caps or maximum amounts applied mutatis mutandis. Any retainers, baskets or minimum amounts agreed in this Agreement for remedies of the Purchaser shall have priority over thresholds for retainers, baskets or minimum amounts defined differently in the Vishay-Temic Agreement, with the effect that the remedies under this Agreement shall be available for the Purchaser against the Seller even though the respective remedy should not be available to the Seller under the Vishay-Temic Agreement as a result of such different definition of thresholds. Without limiting any of the above, as a general principle it is understood that the Purchaser should be treated as, and should be put into the position it would be in,if any and all of the representations and warranties given to the Seller in the Vishay-Temic Agreement had been directly given to the Purchaser, and if the Purchaser had been the "German Purchaser" under the Vishay-Temic Agreement. The limitation of Seller's liability under this Sec. 13.12 does not apply to warranties, which were given despite of the Seller's knowledge (as defined in Sec. 13.11) of their inaccuracy and if such inaccuracy is not known to the Purchaser. It does further not apply to the warranty in Sec. 12.3 nor to the warranties under Sec. 12.4, 12.5, 12.18, 12.20 and 12.26 insofar as these warranties relate to the Seller, Vishay, or any companies in which Vishay holds a majority interest. 14. INHERITED ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITY If and to the extent TSG or any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries suffers any liability or incurs any costs or expenses relating to environmental matters the only remedy of the Purchaser, in lieu of the first sentence of Section 13 (1), shall be a compensation claim under the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in paragraphs a) through d) of this section 14. -27- a) If and to the extent that TSG or a TSG IC Subsidiary after the IC Transfer Date is ordered with final and binding effect by an order, judgment or similar decree issued by a competent governmental agency or court of law to eliminate Inherited Environmental Liability (as defined hereinafter), and if the TSG IC Subsidiary or the Purchaser or a company affiliated with the Purchaser has not taken the initiative or otherwise promoted the issue of the order, judgment or similar decree (compliance with duties to report, the failure of which is subject to fines or penalties, shall not constitute an initiation or promotion in the foregoing meaning) Seller shall indemnify (in this context: freihalten) TSG or TSG IC Subsidiary. The duty to indemnify shall exist only with respect to costs of the measures necessary for TSG or TSG IC Subsidiary to comply with the order, judgment or similar decree (including any necessary investigation costs, attorneys fees and court costs arising in connection with the defense, if any). b) The obligation of Seller pursuant to subcl. a) above shall exist only with respect to costs for which subcl. a) above provides for indemnification and only if and to the extent such costs exceed DM 1.5 million. b) Notwithstanding Section 13, above, the statute of limitations for asserting a claim for indemnification under this Section 14 shall be 63 months from the IC Transfer Date. c) "Inherited Environmental Liability" means any Environmental Claim resulting from accumulations of Hazardous Materials existing on the IC Transfer Date in the ground, in buildings, in other components of real property or in ground water which under relevant provisions of Environmental Law are not allowed to be present and the elimination of which can legally be demanded by a governmental agency or a third party. -28- 15. COOPERATION (1) Subject to the terms and conditions herein provided, each of the parties hereto agrees to use its commercial best efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all action, and to do, or cause to be done, all things necessary, proper or advisable under applicable laws and regulations to consummate and effect the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, without limitation, obtaining all required consents and approvals, making all required filings and applications and complying with or responding to any requests by governmental agencies. For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the obligation of the Seller and the Purchaser to use best efforts to obtain waivers, consents and approvals to loan agreements, leases and other contracts shall not include any obligation to agree to an adverse modification of the terms of such documents or to prepay or to incur additional obligations to such other parties. (2) From time to time Seller shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause TEMIC (to the extent the Vishay Companies are so entitled pursuant to Section 15 (5) of the Vishay-Temic Agreement) and TSG and its Affiliates to execute and deliver such documents to the Purchaser as the Purchaser may reasonably request in order more effectively to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, to the extent permitted under applicable laws. From time to time the Purchaser shall use its commercially reasonably efforts to cause TSG and the TSG IC Subsidiaries to execute and deliver such documents toSeller as the Seller may reasonably request in order more effectively to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, to the extent permitted under applicable laws. In case at any time after the IC Transfer Date any further action is necessary or desirable to carry out the purposes of this Agreement, each party to this Agreement will take or cause its appropriate officers and directors to take all such necessary or desirable actions. (3) The Purchaser and Seller will consult with each other before issuing any press release or otherwise making any public statements with respect to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and neither Seller nor the Purchaser shall issue any such press release or make any such public statement prior to such consultation, except as may be required by law or by obligations pursuant to any listing agreement with any national securities exchange or the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. in the U.S. or any rules or regulations of a securities exchange in any other country upon which the securities of any issuer are traded. -29- 16. FILINGS, COMPLIANCE WITH ANTITRUST LAWS The Purchaser and Seller shall use their best efforts to file, or cause their respective ultimate parent entity to respond as promptly as practicable to all inquiries or requests for additional information or documentation received from the German Federal Cartel Office. The Purchaser and Seller will coordinate and cooperate with one another in exchanging such information and provide reasonable assistance as another may request in connection with all of the foregoing. 17. PARENT COMPANY GUARANTEES (1) Vishay hereby guarantees to the Purchaser the fulfillment of all obligations of the Seller under this Agreement or as a consequence of the Spin-off (joint and severally liability). (2) Atmel hereby guarantees to the Seller the fulfillment of all obligations of the Purchaser under this Agreement or as a consequence of the Spin-off (joint and severally liability). 18. OTHER COVENANTS (1) Mutual "favored vendor" status: Seller and Purchaser contemplate that they and their Affiliates will continue (also after the Spin-off) to purchase their requirements of goods manufactured by the respective other group, provided that such goods are offered on competitive terms and conditions, including, without limitation, competitive quality and pricing. Upon request of either side, they shall use their best efforts to set forth the details of such business relationship in an agreement or agreements. (2) Names and trademarks: Telefunken, TFK and TEMIC a) Names aa) Neither the Purchaser, the Purchaser Spin Off Company, TSG nor any of the TSG IC Subsidiaries shall be entitled to use of the company name Telefunken in any form or context or place; in particular not as part of a firm name of TSG, the Purchaser Spin Off Company or a TSG IC Subsidiary. -30- bb) The parties acknowledge that Seller, Purchaser, the TSG IC Subsidiaries, the TSG Discrete Subsidiaries, the Purchaser Spin-off Company and the Seller Spin-off Company are entitled to use the name "TEMIC" as part of their firm names on a world-wide, royalty-free basis according to Section 3 of the Trademark and Name License Agreement concluded between TEMIC and TSG of March 2, 1998 attached as Schedule 18.2.a.bb. b) Trademarks TFK, Telefunken Star and Telefunken According to Section 19 (8) (b) of the Vishay-Temic Agreement, TSG has been granted a license to use the trademarks "Telefunken", "Telefunken Star" and "TFK" under terms and conditions specified in the Trademark License Agreement attached as Schedule 18.2.b. concluded between Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gesellschaft mbH and TSG on March 2, 1998 (for the purposes of this paragraph: the "License") with the right to grant sub-licenses to companies directly or indirectly controlled by Vishay or Atmel. The parties hereby agree that, on demand of the Purchaser, TSG shall sub-license to the TSG IC Subsidiaries and the IC Spin-off Company all rights acquired under the License under the same terms and conditions as set out in the License, provided, however, that the TSG IC Subsidiaries and the IC Spin-off Company shall not be entitled to make use of such sub-license in the Discrete Business and the TSG Discrete Subsidiaries and the Discrete Spin-off Company shall not make use of the License in the IC Business. c) Trademark Temic According to Section 19 (8) (c) of the Vishay-Temic Agreement, TSG has been granted a license to use the trademark "TEMIC" under terms and conditions specified in the Name and Trademark License Agreement attached as Schedule 18.2.a.bb. concluded between TEMIC and TSG on March 2, 1998 (for the purposes of this paragraph: the "License") with the right to grant sub-licenses to companies directly or indirectly controlled by Vishay or Atmel. The parties hereby agree that, on demand of the Purchaser, TSG shall sub-license to the TSG IC Subsidiaries and the IC Spin-off Company all rights acquired under the License under the same terms and conditions as set out in the License. (3) Patents licensed to TSG According to Section 19 (2) (a-c) of the Vishay-Temic Agreement, TSG has been granted a license to use the intellectual property rights listed on Schedules 19.2a, -31- 19.2b and 19.2c of the Vishay-Temic Agreement under terms and conditions specified in the three Patent License Agreements attached as Schedule 18.3 concluded between TSG as licensee and Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gesellschaft mbH, Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft and TEMIC TELEFUNKEN microelectronik GmbH as licensor on March 2, 1998 (for the purposes of this paragraph: the "License") with the right to grant sub-licenses to companies directly or indirectly controlled by Vishay or Atmel. The parties hereby agree that, on demand of the Purchaser, TSG shall sub-license to the TSG IC Subsidiaries and the IC Spin-off Company all rights acquired under the License under the same terms and conditions as set out in the License. (4) Patents of TSG; Cross-license (a) The parties agree that (i) all patents and other intellectual property of TSG which relate to the IC Business will be part of the Spin-off into the Purchaser Spin-off Company and (ii) all patents and other intellectual property of TSG which relate to the Discrete Business will be part of the Spin-off into the Seller Spin-off Company. (b) Patents and other intellectual property which relate to both, the IC and the Discrete Business, shall remain with TSG. TSG shall license the right to use such intellectual property (including the right to grant sub-licenses to Affiliates) (i) to the Seller, the TSG Discrete Subsidiaries and the Discrete Spin-off Company for semiconductor components belonging to the Discrete Business ("Discrete Product Scope")and (ii) to the Purchaser, TSG IC Subsidiaries and the IC Spin-off Company for semiconductor components belonging to the IC Business ("IC Product Scope"). The licenses granted by TSG shall be worldwide, unlimited in time and royalty free. (c) The Seller Spin-off Company and the Purchaser Spin-off Company shall grant cross licenses to each other with respect to the patents which were transferred to the them according to Section 18 (4) (a) limited to their respective product scope (i.e. IC Product Scope or Discrete Product Scope as the case may be). (5) Articles of Association of TSG As soon as possible after the fulfillment of the condition precedent contained in Section 2 (b) hereof, the Seller and the Purchasershall convene a shareholders' meeting of TSG and resolve to adopt new articles of association reflecting the principles referred to herein and otherwise the character of a 50/50 joint venture. Until the time of registration of such new articles of association, the Seller and the Pur- -32- chaser shall, to the extent legally possible, behave and treat each other as if the new articles of association would already be in effect. (6) Beginning with the effectiveness of the Spin-off, Seller and Purchaser shall ensure that TSG executes service agreements regarding all services presently rendered (within TSG) by the employees remaining with TSG, all at-arms'-length conditions. (7) Non-compete covenant Seller shall, with respect to the IC Business, assign to the Purchaser or use (if the assignment is not possible) all its rights under Section 19 (4) of the Vishay-Temic Agreement (including, without limitation, upon the Purchaser's instruction the filing of legal action). 19. MISCELLANEOUS (1) This Agreement may be amended, modified or supplemented only by written agreement of the parties hereto, unless a more stringent form is required by applicable law. (2) Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, any failure of any of the parties to comply with any obligation, covenant, agreement or condition herein may be waived by the party or parties entitled to the benefits thereof only by a written instrument signed by the party granting such waiver, but such waiver or failure to insist upon strict compliance with any such obligation, covenant, agreement or condition shall not operate as a waiver of any other obligation, covenant, agreement or condition or any subsequent or other failure. Whenever this Agreement requires or permits consent by or on behalf of any party hereto, such consent shall be given in writing in a manner consistent with the requirements for a waiver of compliance as set forth herein. (3) If one or several provisions of this Agreement should be or become invalid or unenforceable, the remaining provisions hereof shall not be affected thereby. The invalid or unenforceable provision shall be deemed to be replaced by such valid or enforceable provision as the parties hereto would have chosen upon entering into this Agreement in order to reach the commercial effect of the provision to be replaced if they had foreseen the invalidity or unenforceability at that time. The foregoing shall also apply to matters as to which this Agreement is silent (Lucke im Vertrag). If a provision of this Agreement should be held invalid by a competent court or arbitration tribunal because of the scope of its coverage (such as territory, subject matter, time period or amount), said provision shall not be deemed to be completely -33- invalid but shall be deemed to be valid with the permissible scope that is nearest to the originally agreed-upon scope. (4) The Arbitration Agreement (as hereinafter defined) and this Agreement, including all Schedules and Exhibits hereto, constitute the entire agreement and understanding of the parties hereto in respect of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and supersede all other prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among the parties or among or between any of them with respect to such transactions, provided, however, that such prior agreements and understandings may to the extent necessary and appropriate be used in interpretation of this Agreement. There are no restrictions, promises, representations, warranties, covenants or undertakings, other than those expressly set forth or referred to herein. (5) Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned by any of the parties hereto without the prior written consent of the other parties except for assignments to Affiliates where the assignor remains liable to the other side for the fulfillment of the obligations of the assignee. (6) Seller hereby represents and warrants to the Purchaser with respect to Seller and the Purchaser hereby represents and warrants to Seller with respect to the Purchaser, that no person or entity is entitled to receive from Seller or the Purchaser, respectively, any investment banking, brokerage or finder s fees or commissions or fees for financial consulting or financial advisory services in connection with this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. (7) All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing, unless a stricter form is required by applicable law. Notices and communications shall be deemed to have been received by the receiving party (i) on the date delivered if delivered in person; (ii) on the date of the transmission if sent by facsimile to the addresses set forth below; (iii) on the day following the date of dispatch if sent by overnight courier; and (iv) five days after mailing if sent by registered or certified mail (return receipt requested). The receiving party has the right to prove that actual receipt occurred at a later date. Notices and communications shall be sent only in the foregoing manner. Except in the case of personal delivery, a further condition to the effectiveness of receipt shall be that the notice or communication be sent to the following addresses, or to such other addresses of which a party may have informed the other party from time to time, which change of address shall be effective only when received by the other parties: a) If to the Seller: Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. 63, Lincoln Highway -34- Malvern, PA 19355, U.S.A. Telephone: (610) 644-1300 Facsimile: (610) 296-0657 Attention: Avi D. Eden With a copy to each of: 1. Hasche Eschenlohr Peltzer Riesenkampff Fischotter Niedenau 68 60325 Frankfurt am Main Telephone: (069) 71 70 10 Facsimile: (069) 71 70 11 10 Attention: Dr. Harald Jung 2. Kramer, Levin, Naftalis & Frankel 919 Third Avenue New York, NY 10022, U.S.A. Telephone: (212) 715-9100 Facsimile: (212) 715-8000 Attention: Mark B. Segall, Esq. b) If to the Purchaser: Atmel Corporation 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131 Telephone: (408) 436-4229 Facsimile: (408) 436-4377 Attention: Mike Ross With a copy to: Bruckhaus Westrick Heller Lober Taunusanlage 11 60325 Frankfurt am Main Telephone: (069) 273080 Facsimile: (069) 232664 Attention: Dr. Henning Oesterhaus (8) This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany (regardless of the laws that might otherwise govern under applicable principles of conflicts of law thereof) as to all matters, including but -35- not limited to, matters of validity, construction, effect, performance and remedies. (9) Unless otherwise specified herein, all costs, fees and expenses in connection with the execution and performance of this Agreement shall be borne by the party who incurs them, irrespective of whether this Agreement is actually performed. The notarial fees of this Agreement and the fees payable to the German Federal Cartel Office shall be borne by the Purchaser. EX-10.1 3 LONG TERM REVOLVING CREDIT AGREEMENT EXECUTION COPY 03/02/98 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC. LONG TERM REVOLVING CREDIT AGREEMENT DATED AS OF MARCH 2, 1998 COMERICA BANK, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT NATIONSBANC MONTGOMERY SECURITIES LLC, AS SYNDICATION AGENT AND CREDIT LYONNAIS NEW YORK BRANCH, AS DOCUMENTATION AGENT - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page 1. DEFINITIONS.............................................................................................1 2. REVOLVING CREDIT.......................................................................................24 2.1 Commitment....................................................................................24 2.2 Accrual of Interest and Maturity; Evidence of Indebtedness....................................25 2.3 Requests for and Refundings and Conversions of Advances.......................................26 2.4 Disbursement of Advances......................................................................29 2.5 (a) Swing Line Advances..................................................................30 (b) Accrual of Interest..................................................................31 (c) Requests for Swing Line Advances.....................................................31 (d) Disbursement of Swing Line Advances..................................................33 (e) Refunding of or Participation Interest in Swing Line Advances........................34 2.6 Prime-based Interest Payments.................................................................36 2.7 Eurocurrency-based Interest Payments and Quoted Rate Interest Payments........................36 2.8 Interest Payments on Conversions..............................................................37 2.9 Interest on Default...........................................................................37 2.10 Prepayment....................................................................................37 2.11 Determination, Denomination and Redenomination of Alternative Currency Advances.............................................................................38 2.12 Prime-based Advance in Absence of Election or Upon Default....................................38 2.13 Revolving Credit Facility Fee.................................................................39 2.14 Currency Appreciation; Mandatory Reduction of Indebtedness....................................39 2.15 Optional Reduction or Termination of Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment....................................................................................41 2.16 Extensions of Revolving Credit Maturity Date..................................................42 2.17 Application of Advances.......................................................................43 3. LETTERS OF CREDIT......................................................................................43 3.1 Letters of Credit.............................................................................43 3.2 Conditions to Issuance........................................................................44 3.3 Notice........................................................................................46 3.4 Letter of Credit Fees.........................................................................46 3.5 Other Fees....................................................................................47 3.6 Drawings and Demands for Payment Under Letters of Credit......................................47 3.7 Obligations Irrevocable.......................................................................49 3.8 Risk Under Letters of Credit..................................................................50 3.9 Indemnification...............................................................................51 3.10 Right of Reimbursement........................................................................52 - i - TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page 4. MARGIN ADJUSTMENTS.....................................................................................52 4.1 Margin Adjustments............................................................................52 5. CONDITIONS.............................................................................................53 5.1 Execution of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents......................................53 5.2 Corporate Authority...........................................................................53 5.3 Company Guaranty..............................................................................53 5.4 Subsidiary Guaranties.........................................................................53 5.5 Stock Pledge of Shares Issued by Significant Subsidiaries.....................................54 5.6 Representations and Warranties -- All Parties.................................................54 5.7 Compliance with Certain Documents and Agreements..............................................54 5.8 Opinion of Counsel............................................................................54 5.9 Company's Certificate.........................................................................55 5.10 Payment of Agent's and Other Fees.............................................................55 5.11 Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement.........................................................55 5.12 Outstanding Indebtedness Terminated...........................................................55 5.13 TEMIC Acquisition.............................................................................55 5.14 Regulation U Requirements.....................................................................55 5.15 Other Documents and Instruments...............................................................56 5.16 Continuing Conditions.........................................................................56 6. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES.........................................................................56 6.1 Corporate Existence...........................................................................56 6.2 Due Authorization - Company...................................................................57 6.3 Due Authorization -- Subsidiaries.............................................................57 6.4 Title to Material Property....................................................................57 6.5 Encumbrances..................................................................................57 6.6 Subsidiaries..................................................................................57 6.7 Taxes.........................................................................................57 6.8 No Defaults...................................................................................58 6.9 Compliance with Laws..........................................................................58 6.10 Enforceability of Agreement and Loan Documents................................................58 6.11 Non-contravention -- Company..................................................................58 6.12 Non-contravention -- Other Parties............................................................58 6.13 No Litigation -- Company......................................................................59 6.14 No Litigation -- Other Parties................................................................59 6.15 Consents, Approvals and Filings, Etc..........................................................59 - ii - TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page 6.16 Agreements Affecting Financial Condition......................................................60 6.17 No Investment Company; No Margin Stock........................................................60 6.18 ERISA.........................................................................................60 6.19 Environmental Matters and Safety Matters......................................................61 6.20 Accuracy of Information.......................................................................62 7. AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS..................................................................................62 7.1 Preservation of Existence, Etc................................................................62 7.2 Keeping of Books..............................................................................63 7.3 Reporting Requirements........................................................................63 7.4 Tangible Net Worth............................................................................64 7.5 Leverage Ratio................................................................................64 7.6 Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio...................................................................64 7.7 Inspections...................................................................................64 7.8 Taxes.........................................................................................65 7.9 Further Assurances............................................................................65 7.10 Insurance.....................................................................................65 7.11 Indemnification...............................................................................65 7.12 Governmental and Other Approvals..............................................................66 7.13 Compliance with Contractual Obligations and Laws..............................................66 7.14 ERISA.........................................................................................66 7.15 Environmental Matters.........................................................................67 7.16 Post-Closing Pledges and Guaranties; Future Subsidiaries......................................68 7.17 Foreign Subsidiaries Security.................................................................69 7.18 Siliconix.....................................................................................70 7.19 German Drop Down..............................................................................70 7.20 Vishay Israel.................................................................................70 7.21 Use of Proceeds...............................................................................70 8. NEGATIVE COVENANTS.....................................................................................71 8.1 Capital Structure, Business Objects or Purpose................................................71 8.2 Limitations on Fundamental Changes............................................................71 8.3 Guaranties....................................................................................72 8.4 Debt..........................................................................................72 8.5 Liens.........................................................................................73 8.6 Dividends.....................................................................................74 8.7 Investments...................................................................................74 8.8 Accounts Receivable...........................................................................76 8.9 Transactions with Affiliates..................................................................76 - iii - TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page 8.10 Operations of Vishay Israel...................................................................76 8.11 Prohibition Against Certain Restrictions......................................................76 8.12 Amendment of the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement or Lite-On Documents.............................76 9. DEFAULTS...............................................................................................77 9.1 Events of Default.............................................................................77 9.2 Exercise of Remedies..........................................................................79 9.3 Rights Cumulative.............................................................................79 9.4 Waiver by Company and Permitted Borrowers of Certain Laws; JURY WAIVER........................................................................................79 9.5 Waiver of Defaults............................................................................80 9.6 Cross-Default.................................................................................80 10. PAYMENTS, RECOVERIES AND COLLECTIONS...................................................................80 10.1 Payment Procedure.............................................................................80 10.2 Application of Proceeds.......................................................................82 10.3 Pro-rata Recovery.............................................................................82 10.4 Set Off.......................................................................................82 11. CHANGES IN LAW OR CIRCUMSTANCES; INCREASED COSTS.......................................................83 11.1 Reimbursement of Prepayment Costs.............................................................83 11.2 Eurocurrency Lending Office...................................................................84 11.3 Availability of Alternative Currency..........................................................84 11.4 Refunding Advances in Same Currency...........................................................84 11.5 Circumstances Affecting Eurocurrency-based Rate Availability..................................84 11.6 Laws Affecting Eurocurrency-based Advance Availability........................................85 11.7 Increased Cost of Eurocurrency-based Advances.................................................85 11.8 Indemnity.....................................................................................86 11.9 Judgment Currency.............................................................................87 11.10 Capital Adequacy and Other Increased Costs....................................................87 11.11 Substitution of Lenders.......................................................................88 12. AGENTS.................................................................................................88 12.1 Appointment of Agent..........................................................................88 12.2 Deposit Account with Agent....................................................................89 12.3 Exculpatory Provisions........................................................................89 12.4 Successor Agent...............................................................................89 - iv - TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page 12.5 Loans by Agents...............................................................................90 12.6 Credit Decisions..............................................................................90 12.7 Notices by Agent..............................................................................90 12.8 Agent's Fees..................................................................................90 12.9 Nature of Agency..............................................................................90 12.10 Authority of Agent to Enforce This Agreement..................................................90 12.11 Indemnification...............................................................................91 12.12 Knowledge of Default..........................................................................91 12.13 Agent's Authorization; Action by Lenders......................................................91 12.14 Enforcement Actions by the Agent..............................................................92 12.15 Managers and Lead Managers....................................................................92 13. MISCELLANEOUS..........................................................................................92 13.1 Accounting Principles.........................................................................92 13.2 Consent to Jurisdiction.......................................................................92 13.3 Law of Michigan...............................................................................93 13.4 Interest......................................................................................93 13.5 Closing Costs; Other Costs....................................................................93 13.6 Notices.......................................................................................94 13.7 Further Action................................................................................94 13.8 Successors and Assigns; Assignments and Participations........................................94 13.9 Indulgence....................................................................................97 13.10 Counterparts..................................................................................97 13.11 Amendment and Waiver..........................................................................98 13.12 Taxes and Fees................................................................................98 13.13 Confidentiality...............................................................................98 13.14 Withholding Taxes.............................................................................99 13.15 ERISA Restrictions............................................................................99 13.16 Effective Date...............................................................................101 13.17 Severability.................................................................................101 13.18 Table of Contents and Headings; Construction of Certain Provisions...........................101 13.19 Independence of Covenants....................................................................101 13.20 Reliance on and Survival of Various Provisions...............................................101 13.21 Complete Agreement...........................................................................102 - v - TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) SCHEDULES Schedule 1.1 - Percentages and Allowances Schedule 1.3 - TEMIC Parties Schedule 1.5 - TEMIC Subsidiaries Schedule 1.6 - Permitted Borrower Sublimit Schedule 1.7 - Stock Option Plans Schedule 4.1 - Pricing Matrix Schedule 5.5 - Subsidiaries Executing Collateral Documents At Closing Schedule 6.6 - Subsidiaries Schedule 6.6A - Significant Subsidiaries to be Guarantors Schedule 6.6B - Significant Subsidiaries whose Share Capital to be Pledged Schedule 6.13 - Litigation - Company Schedule 6.14 - Litigation - Other Parties Schedule 7.15 - Environmental Auditors Schedule 7.16 - Post Closing Pledges and Guaranties Schedule 8.3 - Guaranties of Indebtedness Schedule 8.5 - Existing Liens Schedule 8.7 - Existing Investments EXHIBITS FORM OF REQUEST FOR REVOLVING CREDIT ADVANCE...................................................................A-1 FORM OF REQUEST FOR SWING LINE ADVANCE.........................................................................A-2 FORM OF REVOLVING CREDIT NOTE -- COMPANY.......................................................................B-1 FORM OF REVOLVING CREDIT NOTE -- PERMITTED BORROWERS...........................................................B-2 FORM OF SWING LINE NOTE -- COMPANY.............................................................................C-1 FORM OF SWING LINE NOTE -- PERMITTED BORROWERS.................................................................C-2 FORM OF COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE...................................................................................D FORM OF ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT.....................................................................................E FORM OF NOTICE OF LETTER OF CREDIT...............................................................................F FORM OF VISHAY GUARANTY........................................................................................G-1 FORM OF DOMESTIC GUARANTY......................................................................................G-2 FORM OF PERMITTED FOREIGN BORROWERS GUARANTY...................................................................G-3 FORM OF PERMITTED BORROWER ADDENDUM..............................................................................H
- vi - LONG TERM REVOLVING CREDIT AGREEMENT THIS LONG TERM REVOLVING CREDIT AGREEMENT ("Agreement") is made as of the 2nd day of March, 1998 by and among the Lenders signatory hereto (individually, "Lender", and collectively "Lenders"), Comerica Bank, as administrative agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, "Agent"), Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Company") and the Permitted Borrowers (as defined below) from time to time signatory hereto. RECITALS: A. Company has requested that the Lenders extend to it and to the Permitted Borrowers credit in the aggregate amount of up to Eight Hundred Twenty-Five Million Dollars ($825,000,000) consisting of the Revolving Credit, Letters of Credit and the Swing Line (each as defined below), on the terms and conditions set forth herein. B. The Lenders are prepared to extend such credit, as aforesaid, but only on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. NOW THEREFORE, COMPANY, PERMITTED BORROWERS, AGENT, AND THE LENDERS AGREE: 1. DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this Agreement the following terms will have the following meanings: "Account Party(ies)" shall mean, with respect to any Letter of Credit, the account party or parties (which shall be Company and/or any Permitted Borrower and/or any Significant Subsidiary which is not a Permitted Borrower hereunder jointly and severally with the Company) as named in an application to the Agent for the issuance of such Letter of Credit. "Advance(s)" shall mean, as the context may indicate, a borrowing requested by Company or by a Permitted Borrower, and made by Lenders under Section 2.1 of this Agreement, as the case may be, or requested by the Company or by a Permitted Borrower and made by the Swing Line Bank under Section 2.5 hereof (including without limitation any readvance, refunding or conversion of such borrowing pursuant to Section 2.3 or 2.5(c) hereof) and any advance in respect of a Letter of Credit under Section 3.6 hereof (including without limitation the unreimbursed amount of any draws under Letters of Credit) and shall include, as applicable, a Eurocurrency-based Advance, a Quoted Rate Advance, a Prime-based Advance and a Swing Line Advance. "Affiliate" shall mean, with respect to any Person, any other Person or group acting in concert in respect of the first Person that, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with such first Person. For purposes of this definition, "control" (including, with correlative meanings, the terms "controlled by" and "under 1 common control with"), as used with respect to any Person or group of Persons, shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of management and policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities or by contract or otherwise. "Agent" shall mean Comerica Bank, a Michigan banking corporation, acting as administrative agent hereunder or any successor administrative agent appointed in accordance with Section 12.4 hereof. "Agents" shall mean Agent and Syndication Agent. "Agent's Correspondent" shall mean for Advances in eurodollars, Agent's Grand Cayman Branch (or for the account of said branch office, at Agent's main office in Detroit, Michigan, United States); for Advances in other Alternative Currencies, at such bank or banks as Agent may from time to time designate by written notice to Company, the Permitted Borrowers and the Lenders. "Agent's Fees" shall mean those fees and expenses required to be paid by Company to Agent under Section 12.8 hereof. "Alternate Base Rate" shall mean, for any day, an interest rate per annum equal to the Federal Funds Effective Rate in effect on such day, plus one percent (1%). "Alternative Currency" shall mean each of the following currencies, as applicable hereunder: French Francs ("FF"), Japanese Yen ("(Y)"), Deutsche Marks ("DM"), British Pounds Sterling ("Sterling") and, subject to availability and to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, such other freely convertible foreign currencies (which, when referred to herein or in any of the Loan Documents, shall be referred to using the currency codes in effect from time to time under ISO International Standard 4217, or any such successor publication or standard) as requested by the Company or the Permitted Borrowers and acceptable to Agent and the Lenders, in their reasonable discretion. "Applicable Fee Percentage" shall mean, as of any date of determination thereof, the applicable percentage used to calculate certain of the fees due and payable hereunder, determined by reference to the appropriate columns in the Pricing Matrix attached to this Agreement as Schedule 4.1. "Applicable Interest Rate" shall mean the Eurocurrency-based Rate, the Prime-based Rate or, with respect to Swing Line Advances, the Quoted Rate, as selected by Company or a Permitted Borrower from time to time subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement. "Applicable Margin" shall mean, as of any date of determination thereof, the applicable interest rate margin, determined by reference to the appropriate columns in the Pricing Matrix attached to this Agreement as Schedule 4.1. 2 "Assignment Agreement" shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 13.8(c) hereof. "Authorized Officer" shall mean the Vice Chairman, Director of Corporate Treasury, CFO, or the Director Corporate Controller of the Company or any applicable Subsidiary, as the case may be, or any person otherwise designated by the Company or such Subsidiary, as the case may be, as having the authority to act for the Company or such Subsidiary in the particular instance. "Business Day" shall mean any day on which commercial banks are open for domestic and international business (including dealings in foreign exchange) in Dallas, Detroit, London, New York and (except with respect to any Prime-based Advances) Frankfurt am Main, and if funds are to be paid or made available in any Alternative Currency, on such day in the place where such funds are to be paid or made available. "Capital Expenditures" shall mean, without duplication, any amounts paid or accrued for a period in respect of any purchase or other acquisition for value of fixed or capital assets net of the cash proceeds of any grant received during such period by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from the government of Israel (or any agency or political subdivision thereof) under the Israeli Capital Investment Act, up to the aggregate amount of capital additions in Israel during such period; provided that, in no event shall Capital Expenditures include amounts expended in respect of normal repair and maintenance of plant facilities, machinery, fixtures and other like capital assets utilized in the ordinary conduct of business (to the extent such amounts would not be capitalized in preparing a balance sheet determined in accordance with GAAP). "Closing Fee" shall mean that certain fee payable to the Lenders in connection with the execution and delivery of the Loan Agreements in the amounts (based on final allocations) set forth in the letter supplementing the Offering Memorandum. "Collateral" shall mean all property or rights in which a security interest, mortgage, lien or other encumbrance for the benefit of the Lenders is or has been granted or arises or has arisen, under or in connection with this Agreement, the other Loan Documents, or otherwise. "Company" is defined in the Preamble. "Company Guaranty" shall mean that certain amended and restated guaranty of all of the Indebtedness outstanding from the Permitted Borrowers, executed and delivered by the Company to the Agent, on behalf of the Lenders, in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit G-1, as of the date hereof, as amended or otherwise modified from time to time. "Contractual Obligation" shall mean, as to any Person, any provision of any security issued by such Person or of any agreement, instrument or undertaking to which such Person is a party or by which it or any of its property is bound. "Consolidated" or "Consolidating" shall, when used with reference to any financial information pertaining to (or when used as a part of any defined term or statement pertaining to the 3 financial condition of) Company and its Subsidiaries mean the accounts of Company and its Subsidiaries determined on a consolidated or consolidating basis, as the case may be, all determined as to principles of consolidation and, except as otherwise specifically required by the definition of such term or by such statements, as to such accounts, in accordance with GAAP, applied on a consistent basis and consistent with the financial statements, if any, as at and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997. "Consolidated EBITDA" shall mean the Net Income of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries for any period adjusted (A) to include the Net Income of any Person accrued during such period but prior to the date it became a Subsidiary of the Company or is merged into or consolidated with the Company and (B) to exclude, without duplication, the following items of income or expense to the extent that such items are included in the calculation of such Net Income all on a Consolidated basis (adjusted as set forth in clause (A) hereof): (a) Interest Expense, (b) any non-cash expenses and charges, (c) total income tax expense, (d) depreciation expense, (e) the expense associated with amortization of intangible and other assets, (f) non-cash provisions for reserves for discontinued operations, (g) any extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring gains or losses or charges or credits, (h) any gain or loss associated with the sale or write-down of assets, (i) any gain or loss from or attributable to minority interests and (j) any gain or loss accounted for by the equity method of accounting (except in the case of income to the extent of the amount of cash dividends or cash distributions paid to the Company or any Subsidiary by the entity accounted for by the equity method of accounting). "Counsel's Memorandum" is defined in the definition of German Drop Down. "Covenant Compliance Report" shall mean the report to be furnished by the Company to the Agent, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D, as such exhibit may be amended or otherwise modified from time to time by the Required Lenders, and certified by the chief financial officer of the Company pursuant to Section 7.3(c), hereof, for the purpose of monitoring the Company's and each Permitted Borrower's compliance herewith and to notify the Lenders of the acquisition or creation of new Subsidiaries. "Current Dollar Equivalent" shall mean, as of any applicable date of determination, with respect to any Advance or Letter of Credit made, issued or carried in an Alternative Currency, the amount of Dollars which is equivalent to the then outstanding principal amount of such Advance or Letter of Credit at the most favorable spot exchange rate determined by the Agent to be available to it for the sale of Dollars for such Alternative Currency for delivery at approximately 11:00 A.M. (Detroit time) two (2) Business Days after such date. Alternative Currency equivalents of Advances in Dollars (to the extent used herein) shall be determined by Agent in a manner consistent herewith. "Dale Electronics" shall mean Dale Electronics, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a Subsidiary of the Company. "Debt" shall mean, as of any applicable date of determination, all items of indebtedness, obligation or liability of a Person, whether matured or unmatured, liquidated or unliquidated, direct 4 or indirect, absolute or contingent, joint or several, that should be classified as liabilities on a balance sheet and/or in accompanying footnotes in accordance with GAAP. "Default" shall mean any event which, with the giving of notice or the passage of time, or both, would constitute an Event of Default. "DM Loan Agreement" shall mean that certain Amended and Restated Vishay Electronic/VBG DM 40,000,000 Revolving Credit and DM 9,506,000 Term Loan Agreement, dated as of July 18, 1994, among Vishay Europe (then known as Vishay Beteiligungs GmbH), certain financial institutions and Agent, as amended. "Dollar Amount" shall mean (i) with respect to each Advance or Letter of Credit made, issued or carried (or to be made, issued or carried) in Dollars, the principal amount thereof and (ii) with respect to each Advance or Letter of Credit made, issued or carried (or to be made or carried) in an Alternative Currency, the amount of Dollars which is equivalent to the principal amount of such Advance or Letter of Credit at the most favorable spot exchange rate determined by the Agent to be available to it for the sale of Dollars for such Alternative Currency at approximately 11:00 A.M. (Detroit time) two (2) Business Days before such Advance or Letter of Credit is made or issued (or to be made or issued), as such Dollar Amount may be adjusted from time to time pursuant to Section 2.11 hereof. When used with respect to any Alternative Currency portion of an Advance or Letter of Credit being repaid or remaining outstanding at any time or with respect to any other sum expressed in an Alternative Currency, "Dollar Amount" shall mean the amount of Dollars which is equivalent to the principal amount of such Advance or Letter of Credit, or the amount so expressed in such Alternative Currency, at the most favorable spot exchange rate determined by the Agent to be available to it for the sale of Dollars for such Alternative Currency at the relevant time. Alternative Currency amounts of Advances made, carried or expressed in Dollars (to the extent used herein) shall be determined by Agent in a manner consistent herewith. "Dollars" and the sign "$" shall mean lawful money of the United States of America. "Domestic Advance" shall mean any Advance other than a Eurocurrency-based Advance or any other Advance denominated in an Alternative Currency. "Domestic Guaranty" shall mean that certain guaranty of all Indebtedness outstanding from the Company and the Permitted Borrowers, executed and delivered (or to be executed and delivered) by each of the Significant Domestic Subsidiaries (whether by execution thereof, or by execution of the Joinder Agreement attached as "Exhibit A" to the form of such Guaranty), to the Agent, on behalf of the Lenders, in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit G-2, as amended from time to time. "Domestic Permitted Borrower" shall mean any Permitted Borrower which is not a Foreign Permitted Borrower. "Domestic Subsidiary" shall mean any Subsidiaries of the Company incorporated under the laws of the United States of America, or any state, territory, possession or other political subdivision 5 thereof which is a domestic Subsidiary for purposes of Section 956 of the Internal Revenue Code; and "Domestic Subsidiaries" shall mean any or all of them. "EBITDA" shall mean, of any Person, for any period, the Net Income of such Person for such period adjusted to exclude, without duplication, the following items of income or expense to the extent that such items are included in the calculation of such Net Income: (a) Interest Expense, (b) any non-cash expenses and charges, (c) total income tax expense, (d) depreciation expense, (e) the expense associated with amortization of intangible and other assets, (f) non-cash provisions for reserves for discontinued operations, (g) any extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring gains or losses or charges or credits, (h) any gain or loss associated with the sale or write-down of assets, (i) any gain or loss from or attributable to minority interests and (j) any gain or loss accounted for by the equity method of accounting (except in the case of income to the extent of the amount of cash dividends or cash distributions paid to such Person or any Subsidiary of such Person by the entity accounted for by the equity method of accounting). "Effective Date" shall mean the date on which all of the conditions precedent set forth in Sections 5.1 through 5.15 hereof have been satisfied. "Environmental Auditors" shall mean, when selected or retained by the Company or the Agents, as the case may be hereunder, such counsel, engineering or testing firms or other experienced, reputable environmental consultants reasonably acceptable to the Required Lenders. "Environmental Audits" shall mean those environmental audits conducted in connection with the TEMIC Acquisition and set forth on Schedule 7.15 hereto. "Equity Offering" shall mean the issuance and sale for cash, on or after the date hereof, by Company or any of its Subsidiaries of additional capital stock or other equity interests. "Equity Offering Adjustment" shall mean that amount to be added to the minimum Tangible Net Worth required to be maintained under Section 7.4 hereof consisting of an amount equal to seventy-five percent (75%) of each Equity Offering conducted by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, net of costs of issuance, on and after January 1, 1998, on a cumulative basis. "ERISA" shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or any successor act or code, and the regulations in effect from time to time thereunder. "ERISA Affiliate" shall mean any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) which is under common control with the Company within the meaning of Section 4001 of ERISA or is part of a group which includes the Company and would be treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Internal Revenue Code. "Eurocurrency Rate" shall mean with respect to each Eurocurrency-based Advance carried in any Alternative Currency (and each Eurocurrency-Interest Period pertaining thereto) the per annum interest rate determined by the Agent to be the offered rate for deposits in such currency with a term comparable to such Interest Period that appears on the applicable Telerate Page at 6 approximately 11:00 a.m., London time, two Business Days prior to the beginning of such Interest Period; provided, however, that if at any time for any reason such offered rate for any such currency does not appear on a Telerate Page, "Eurocurrency Rate" shall mean, with respect to each such Advance denominated in such currency, the per annum interest rate at which deposits in the relevant currency are offered to Agent's Eurocurrency Lending Office by other prime banks in the eurocurrency market in an amount comparable to the relevant Eurocurrency-based Advance and for a period equal to the relevant Eurocurrency-Interest Period at approximately 11:00 A.M. Detroit time two (2) Business Days prior to the first day of such Eurocurrency-Interest Period. "Eurocurrency-based Advance" shall mean any Advance (including a Swing Line Advance) which bears interest at the Eurocurrency-based Rate. "Eurocurrency-based Rate" shall mean a per annum interest rate which is equal to the sum of the Applicable Margin (subject, if applicable, to adjustment under Section 4.1 hereof), plus the quotient of: (A) (a) in the case of Eurocurrency-based Advances carried in Dollars, the Eurodollar Rate, or (b) in the case of Eurocurrency-based Advances carried in an Alternative Currency, the Eurocurrency Rate, divided by (B) a percentage equal to 100% minus the maximum rate on such date at which Agent is required to maintain reserves on 'Eurocurrency Liabilities' as defined in and pursuant to Regulation D of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or, if such regulation or definition is modified, and as long as Agent is required to maintain reserves against a category of liabilities which includes eurocurrency deposits or includes a category of assets which includes eurocurrency loans, the rate at which such reserves are required to be maintained on such category, all as conclusively determined by the Agent (absent manifest error), such sum to be rounded upward, if necessary, to the nearest whole multiple of 1/16th of 1%. "Eurocurrency-Interest Period" shall mean, (a) for Swing Line Advances carried at the Eurocurrency-based Rate, an interest period of fourteen (14) days or one month (or any lesser number of days agreed to in advance by Company or a Permitted Borrower, Agent and the Swing Line Bank) and (b) for all other Eurocurrency-based Advances, an interest period of one, two, three or six months (or any lesser or greater number of days agreed to in advance by Company or a Permitted Borrower, Agent and the Lenders) as selected by Company or such Permitted Borrower, as applicable, for a Eurocurrency-based Advance pursuant to Section 2.3 or 2.5 hereof, as the case may be. 7 "Eurocurrency Lending Office" shall mean, (a) with respect to the Agent, Agent's office located at its Grand Caymans Branch or such other branch of Agent, domestic or foreign, as it may hereafter designate as its Eurocurrency Lending Office by written notice to Company, the Permitted Borrowers and the Lenders and (b) as to each of the Lenders, its office, branch or affiliate located at its address set forth on the signature pages hereof (or identified thereon as its Eurocurrency Lending Office), or at such other office, branch or affiliate of such Lender as it may hereafter designate as its Eurocurrency Lending Office by written notice to Company and Agent. "Eurodollar Rate" shall mean with respect to each Eurocurrency-based Advance carried in Dollars (and each Eurocurrency-Interest Period pertaining thereto) the per annum interest rate at which deposits in dollars are offered to Agent's Eurocurrency Lending Office by other prime banks in the eurocurrency market in an amount comparable to the relevant Eurocurrency-based Advance and for a period equal to the relevant Eurocurrency-Interest Period at approximately 11:00 A.M. Detroit time two (2) Business Days prior to the first day of such Eurocurrency-Interest Period. "Event of Default" shall mean any of the events specified in Section 9.1 hereof. "Federal Funds Effective Rate" shall mean, for any day, a fluctuating interest rate per annum equal to the weighted average of the rates on overnight Federal funds transactions with members of the Federal Reserve System arranged by Federal funds brokers, as published for such day (or, if such day is not a Business Day, for the next preceding Business Day) by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, or, if such rate is not so published for any day which is a Business Day, the average of the quotations for such day on such transactions received by Agent from three Federal funds brokers of recognized standing selected by it. "Fee Letter" shall mean the fee letter in effect from time to time among Company and the Agent hereunder, as amended from time to time. "Fees" shall mean the Agent's Fees, the Closing Fee, the Revolving Credit Facility Fee, the Letter of Credit Fees, the Syndication Fee and the other fees and charges payable hereunder. "Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio" shall mean, with respect to the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries, as of any date of determination, a ratio, (i) the numerator of which shall be equal to Consolidated EBITDA for the preceding four fiscal quarters ending on the date of determination, minus Capital Expenditures during such period and (ii) the denominator of which shall be the Interest Expense of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries for such period, in each case determined in accordance with GAAP. "Foreign Guaranty" shall mean that certain unconditional guaranty of the Indebtedness of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers hereunder, (but expressly excluding any Hedging Obligations) executed and delivered by the Significant Foreign Subsidiaries, other than Vishay Israel (whether by execution thereof, or by execution of the Joinder Agreement attached as Exhibit A to the form of such Guaranty) to the Agent, on behalf of the Lenders, in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit G-3, as amended from time to time. 8 "Foreign Permitted Borrower" shall mean any Permitted Borrower hereunder which is a Foreign Subsidiary. "Foreign Subsidiary" shall mean any of the Company's Subsidiaries, other than a Domestic Subsidiary; and "Foreign Subsidiaries" shall mean any or all of them. "GAAP" shall mean generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, as in effect from time to time, consistently applied. "German Drop Down" shall mean the completion of the "drop down" procedure outlined in the memorandum of Company's German counsel dated February 24, 1998 ("Counsel's Memorandum") and in Schedule 1.5 hereto with respect to the IC Business, the Discrete Business (as defined in Counsel's Memorandum) and the other TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries, as confirmed by an opinion of Company's German Counsel. "Governmental Obligations" means noncallable direct general obligations of the United States of America or obligations the payment of principal of and interest on which is unconditionally guaranteed by the United States of America. "Guaranty Obligation" shall mean each and any guaranty or other guaranty obligation by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Debt of any other Person (excluding endorsements of instruments for deposit or collection in the ordinary course of business), including without limitation any and all agreements, contingent or otherwise to support the obligation of such other Person, whether or not denominated as a guaranty, any letter of credit reimbursement obligations and any other agreement or undertaking which would constitute a guaranty for purposes of GAAP. "Guaranties" shall mean the Company Guaranty, the Domestic Guaranty and the Foreign Guaranty, and "Guaranty" shall mean any or all of them. "Guarantor(s)" shall mean each Significant Subsidiary which is required by the Lenders to guarantee the obligations of the Company and/or the Permitted Borrowers hereunder and under the other Loan Documents. "Hazardous Material" shall mean and include any hazardous, toxic or dangerous waste, substance or material defined as such in (or for purposes of) the Hazardous Material Laws. "Hazardous Material Law(s)" shall mean all laws, codes, ordinances, rules, regulations, orders, decrees and directives issued by any federal, state, provincial, local, foreign or other governmental or quasi-governmental authority or body (or any agency, instrumentality or political subdivision thereof) pertaining to Hazardous Material on or about any facilities owned, leased or operated by Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any portion thereof including, without limitation, those relating to soil, surface, subsurface ground water conditions and the condition of the ambient air; and any state and local laws and regulations pertaining to Hazardous Material and/or asbestos; any so-called "superfund" or "superlien" law; and any other federal, state, provincial, foreign or local statute, law, ordinance, code, rule, regulation, order or decree regulating, relating to, or 9 imposing liability or standards of conduct concerning, any hazardous, toxic or dangerous waste, substance or material, as now or at any time hereafter in effect. "Hedging Obligation(s)" shall mean Interest Rate Protection Agreements and any foreign currency exchange agreements (including without limitation foreign currency hedges and swaps) or other foreign exchange transactions, or any combination of such transactions or agreements or any option with respect to any such transactions or agreements entered into between Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries and a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender to manage existing or anticipated foreign exchange risk and not for speculative purposes. "Hereof", "hereto", "hereunder" and similar terms shall refer to this Agreement in its entirety and not to any particular paragraph or provision of this Agreement. "IC Business" shall mean that portion of the Temic Semiconductor Business involving the design, marketing and manufacturing of integrated circuits, including "Communication ICs", "Automotive ICs", "MDPs" and "Asics" but not "Power ICs" (as such terms are understood in the industry), as conducted through TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH and its direct and indirect subsidiaries, acquired by Company pursuant to the TEMIC Acquisition. "IC Adjustment" shall mean the adjustment to the Tangible Net Worth floor required to be maintained under Section 7.4 hereof determined (in accordance with GAAP) as of the last day of the fiscal quarter in which the IC Transfer shall occur in the amount of the change in Tangible Net Worth (whether positive or negative) which results from such sale, such that if, as a result of the IC Transfer, the Tangible Net Worth shall increase, the amount of said increase shall be added to the Tangible Net Worth required to be maintained hereunder and if the Tangible Net Worth shall decrease as a result of such transfer, the amount of Tangible Net Worth required to be maintained hereunder shall be decreased by such amount. "IC Transfer" shall mean the transfer of the IC Business (pursuant to the German Drop Down or otherwise) for aggregate consideration paid in cash or by the assumption of Debt existing on the date of the transfer (and not incurred in contemplation thereof) in an amount not less than $110,000,000 (or the equivalent thereof in an Alternative Currency) or, in the case of a transfer of any part of the IC Business, the pro rata portion of such sum based on the value of the part so transferred, as reasonably determined by the Company, such consideration to be received on or before the effective date of such transfer and otherwise on reasonable or customary terms for sales of comparable property or assets, as determined by Company in its reasonable discretion. "Indebtedness" shall mean all indebtedness and liabilities, whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, owing by Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers to the Lenders (or any of them) or to the Agent, in any manner and at any time, under this Agreement or the Loan Documents, due or hereafter to become due, now owing or that may hereafter be incurred by the Company, any of the Permitted Borrowers or any of the Subsidiaries to, or acquired by, the Lenders (or any of them) or by Agent, and all net obligations with respect to Hedging Obligations entered into between Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries and a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender and any judgments that may hereafter be rendered on such indebtedness or any part thereof, with interest 10 according to the rates and terms specified, or as provided by law, and any and all consolidations, amendments, renewals, replacements or extensions of any of the foregoing. "Intercompany Loan" shall mean any loan (or advance in the nature of a loan) by the Company or any Subsidiary to another Subsidiary, provided that each such loan or advance is subordinated in right of payment and priority to the Indebtedness on terms and conditions satisfactory to Agent and the Required Lenders. "Intercompany Loans, Advances or Investments" shall mean any Intercompany Loan, and any advance or investment by the Company or any Subsidiary (including without limitation any guaranty of obligations or indebtedness to third parties) to or in another Subsidiary. "Intercompany Notes" shall mean the promissory notes issued or to be issued by any Subsidiary to Company or to any Significant Domestic Subsidiary to evidence an Intercompany Loan. "Interest Expense" shall mean, for any Person and with respect to any period, the sum of the amount of interest paid or accrued in respect of such period, determined in accordance with GAAP. "Interest Period" shall mean (a) with respect to a Eurocurrency-based Advance, a Eurocurrency-Interest Period commencing on the day a Eurocurrency-based Advance is made, or on the effective date of an election of the Eurocurrency-based Rate made under Section 2.3 hereof, as the case may be, and (b) with respect to a Swing Line Advance carried at the Quoted Rate, an interest period of one month (or any lesser number of days agreed to in advance by Company or a Permitted Borrower, Agent and the Swing Line Bank); provided, however that (i) any Interest Period which would otherwise end on a day which is not a Business Day shall end on the next succeeding Business Day, except that as to a Eurocurrency-Interest Period, if the next succeeding Business Day falls in another calendar month, such Eurocurrency-Interest Period shall end on the next preceding Business Day, and (ii) when a Eurocurrency-Interest Period begins on a day which has no numerically corresponding day in the calendar month during which such Eurocurrency-Interest Period is to end, it shall end on the last Business Day of such calendar month, and (iii) no Interest Period shall extend beyond the Revolving Credit Maturity Date. "Interest Rate Protection Agreement(s)" shall mean any interest rate, swap, cap, floor, collar, forward rate agreement or other rate protection transaction, or any combination of such transactions or agreements or any option with respect to any such transactions or agreements now existing or hereafter entered into by Company or any of its Subsidiaries to manage existing or anticipated interest rate risk and not for speculative purposes. "Internal Revenue Code" shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, and the regulations promulgated thereunder. "Investment" shall mean any loan or advance by Company or any of its Subsidiaries to, or any other loan, advance or investment by Company or any of its Subsidiaries in, any Person (including without limitation, any Subsidiary of Company), without offset, reduction or other 11 adjustment, whether such loan, advance or investment shall be in the nature of an investment in shares of stock or other capital or securities, general or limited partnership, limited liability company or joint venture interests, evidences of indebtedness or otherwise. "Issuing Office" shall mean Agent's office located at One Detroit Center, 500 Woodward Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48275 or such other office as Agent shall designate in writing as its Issuing Office. "Joinder Agreement" shall mean a joinder agreement in the form attached as Exhibit A to the form of the Domestic Guaranty or to the form of the Foreign Guaranty, to be executed and delivered by any Person required to be a Guarantor pursuant to Section 7.16 of this Agreement. "Joint Venture" shall mean any corporation, partnership, association, joint stock company, limited liability company, partnership, business trust or other combined enterprise, other than a Subsidiary, in which (or to which) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has made a loan, investment or advance or has an ownership stake or interest, whether in the nature of Share Capital or otherwise (but expressly excluding Permitted Investments) to fund a business enterprise. "Lender(s)" shall mean each of the Lenders signatory hereto and any assignee which becomes a Lender pursuant to Section 13.8(c) hereof. "Letter(s) of Credit" shall mean any standby letters of credit issued by Agent at the request of or for the account of an Account Party or Account Parties pursuant to Article 3 hereof. "Letter of Credit Agreement" shall mean, in respect of each Letter of Credit, the application and related documentation satisfactory to the Agent of an Account Party or Account Parties requesting Agent to issue such Letter of Credit, as amended from time to time. "Letter of Credit Fees" shall mean the fees payable to Agent for the accounts of the Lenders in connection with Letters of Credit pursuant to Section 3.4 hereof. "Letter of Credit Maximum Amount" shall mean, as of any date of determination, the lesser of: (a) One Hundred Million Dollars ($100,000,000) and (b) the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment as of such date, minus the aggregate principal amount of Advances outstanding as of such date under the Revolving Credit and under the Swing Line. "Letter of Credit Obligation(s)" shall mean the obligation of an Account Party or Account Parties under this Agreement and each Letter of Credit Agreement to reimburse the Agent for each payment made by the Agent under the Letter of Credit issued pursuant to such Letter of Credit Agreement, together with all other sums, fees, charges and amounts which may be owing to the Agent under such Letter of Credit Agreement. "Letter of Credit Payment" shall mean any amount paid or required to be paid by the Agent in its capacity hereunder as issuer of a Letter of Credit as a result of a draft or other demand for payment under any Letter of Credit. 12 "Leverage Ratio" shall mean, as of any date of determination, with respect to the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries, the ratio of (a) Total Indebtedness as of such day to (b) Consolidated EBITDA for the four consecutive fiscal quarters then ending. "Lien" shall mean any pledge, assignment, hypothecation, mortgage, security interest, deposit arrangement, option, trust receipt, conditional sale or title retaining contract, sale and leaseback transaction, or any other type of lien, charge or encumbrance, whether based on common law, statute or contract. "Lite-On Documents" shall mean the Lite-On Joint Venture Agreement, the Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of April 25,1997 by and among the Company and the shareholders of LPSC, the Stock Appreciation Right Agreement dated as of July 17, 1997 by and between the Company and Lite-On Joint Venture, and such other material agreements as entered among such parties (or their affiliates) pursuant thereto or in connection therewith, each as amended (subject to the terms hereof) from time to time. "Lite-On Joint Venture Agreement" shall mean the Joint Venture Agreement dated as of April 25, 1997 by and between the Company and Lite-On Joint Venture, a company formed under the laws of Taiwan, relating to the acquisition by the Company of LPSC, as amended (subject to the terms hereof), from time to time. "Loan Agreements" shall mean this Agreement and the Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement. "Loan Documents" shall mean collectively, this Agreement, the Letter of Credit Agreements, the Guaranties, the Pledge Agreements, Hedging Obligations entered into between Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries and a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender, and any other documents, instruments or agreements executed pursuant to or in connection with any such document, or this Agreement as such documents may be amended or otherwise modified from time to time. "LPSC" shall mean Lite-On Power Semiconductor Corporation, a company formed under the laws of Taiwan. "Multiemployer Plan" shall mean any multiemployer plan within the meaning of Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA. "Net Income" shall mean the net income (or loss) of a Person for any period determined in accordance with GAAP. "Net Income Adjustment" shall mean that amount to be added to the minimum Tangible Net Worth required to be maintained under Section 7.4 hereof consisting of fifty percent (50%) of Company's Consolidated Net Income for each of the Company's fiscal quarters ending after March 31, 1998 (in each case, only if a positive number), on a cumulative basis. 13 "New Equity" shall mean capital stock or other equity interests issued and sold for cash on or after the date of this Agreement, by Company or any of its Subsidiaries, excluding capital stock issued by any Subsidiary to Company to evidence additional equity Investments by Company in its Subsidiaries and excluding the proceeds of any stock issued and sold to employees (other than as part of a public offering). "Notes" shall mean the Revolving Credit Notes or the Swing Line Notes, or any or all of the Revolving Credit Notes, and the Swing Line Notes as the context indicates, and in the absence of such indication, all such notes. "Offering Memorandum" shall mean the Offering Memorandum to the Lenders dated January, 1998. "Pamela Holdings" shall mean Pamela Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH, a company organized under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany, one hundred percent (100%) of the share capital of which is owned (directly or indirectly) by Company. "PBGC" shall mean the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation under ERISA, or any successor corporation. "Pension Plan" shall mean each employee pension benefit plan, as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA, of the Company or an ERISA Affiliate but only to the extent such Pension Plan is subject to ERISA, as provided in Section 4 of ERISA, and is subject to Section 412 of the Internal Revenue Code and Section 302 of ERISA other than a Multiemployer Plan. "Percentage" shall mean, with respect to any Lender, its percentage share, as set forth on Schedule 1.1 hereto, of the Letters of Credit or the Revolving Credit, as the context indicates, as such Schedule may be revised from time to time by Agent in accordance with Section 13.8(d) hereof. "Permitted Acquisition" shall mean any acquisition by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of assets, businesses or business interests or shares of stock or other ownership interests of or in any Person, conducted while no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing hereunder (both before and after giving effect thereto) in accordance with the following requirements: (a) Such acquisition is of a business or Person primarily engaged in a line of business in which the Company or any Subsidiary is permitted to engage under Section 8.1(b) hereof; (b) The board of directors (or other Person(s) exercising similar functions) of the seller of the assets or issuer of the shares of stock or other ownership interests being acquired shall have approved such transaction or recommended that such transaction be approved; (c) in the event that the value of such proposed new acquisition, computed on the basis of total acquisition consideration paid or incurred, or to be paid or incurred, by the Company or its 14 Subsidiaries with respect thereto, including all indebtedness which is assumed or to which such assets, businesses or business or ownership interests or shares, or any Person so acquired, is subject, but excluding the value of any common shares transferred as a part of such acquisition, shall be (i) greater than or equal to Fifty Million Dollars ($50,000,000), determined as of the date of such acquisition, then not less than fifteen (15) nor more than ninety (90) days prior to the date each such proposed acquisition is scheduled to be consummated, the Company provides written notice thereof to Agent, accompanied by (A) the term sheet, purchase agreement and, when available, drafts of all material documents pertaining to such proposed acquisition, (B) historical financial information (including, but not limited to, income statements, balance sheets and cash flows) covering either the three most recent complete fiscal years of the acquisition target prior to the effective date of the acquisition or the entire credit history of the acquisition target, whichever period is shorter, and the quarterly financial statements of the acquisition target for the fiscal quarter then ending (provided however that, if the financial information referred to in this subparagraph (B) is not available, Company shall furnish Agent with financial information otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Required Lenders) and (C) Pro Forma Projected Financial Information, or (ii) less than Fifty Million Dollars ($50,000,000) but greater than or equal to Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000), then not less than ten (10) Business Days after date each such proposed acquisition has been consummated, the Company provides written notice thereof to Agent (with certified copies of all material documents pertaining to such acquisition); whereupon Agent shall promptly upon its receipt thereof distribute copies of all notices and other materials received from Company under this clause (c) to each Lender; and (d) within thirty (30) days after any such acquisition has been completed, the Company, its Subsidiaries and any of the other business entities involved in such acquisition shall execute or cause to be executed, and provide or cause to be provided to Agent, any Loan Documents required under Section 7.16 hereof. "Permitted Borrower Addendum" shall mean an addendum substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit H, to be executed and delivered by each Permitted Borrower which becomes a party to this Agreement after the date hereof, as such Exhibit may be amended from time to time. "Permitted Borrower Sublimit" shall mean the maximum aggregate amount of Advances and Letters of Credit (including Letter of Credit Obligations) available at any time to each of the Permitted Borrowers hereunder, as set forth on Schedule 1.6 hereof. "Permitted Borrower(s)" shall mean Vishay Europe, Vishay Electronic, Pamela Holdings, and subject to compliance with Section 2.1(b) hereof, Siliconix, and any 100% Subsidiary which, after the Effective Date and with the prior written approval of the Lenders, becomes a party hereto pursuant to Section 2.1(a) hereof. 15 "Permitted Company Encumbrances" shall mean, in addition to Permitted Encumbrances, those liens and encumbrances of the Company identified in Schedule 8.5, hereto. "Permitted Currencies" shall mean Dollars or any Alternative Currency. "Permitted Encumbrances" shall mean, with respect to any Person: (a) liens for taxes not yet due and payable or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently pursued, provided that such provision for the payment of all such taxes known to such Person has been made on the books of such Person as may be required by GAAP; (b) mechanics', materialmen's, banker's, carriers', warehousemen's and similar liens and encumbrances arising in the ordinary course of business and securing obligations of such Person that are not overdue for a period of more than 60 days or are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently pursued, provided that in the case of any such contest (i) any proceedings commenced for the enforcement of such liens and encumbrances shall have been duly suspended; and (ii) such provision for the payment of such liens and encumbrances has been made on the books of such Person as may be required by GAAP; (c) liens arising in connection with worker's compensation, unemployment insurance, old age pensions (subject to the applicable provisions of this Agreement) and social security benefits which are not overdue or are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently pursued, provided that in the case of any such contest (i) any proceedings commenced for the enforcement of such liens shall have been duly suspended; and (ii) such provision for the payment of such liens has been made on the books of such Person as may be required by GAAP; (d) (i) liens incurred in the ordinary course of business to secure the performance of statutory obligations arising in connection with progress payments or advance payments due under contracts with the United States or any foreign government or any agency thereof entered into in the ordinary course of business and (ii) liens incurred or deposits made in the ordinary course of business to secure the performance of statutory obligations, bids, leases, fee and expense arrangements with trustees and fiscal agents and other similar obligations (exclusive of obligations incurred in connection with the borrowing of money, any lease-purchase arrangements or the payment of the deferred purchase price of property), provided that full provision for the payment of all such obligations set forth in clauses (i) and (ii) has been made on the books of such Person as may be required by GAAP; and (e) any minor imperfections of title, including but not limited to easements, covenants, rights-of-way or other similar restrictions, which, either individually or in the aggregate do not materially adversely affect the present or future use of the property to which they relate, which would have a material adverse effect on the sale or lease of such property, or which would render title thereto unmarketable. 16 "Permitted Encumbrances of the Subsidiaries" shall mean, in addition to Permitted Encumbrances, those liens and encumbrances of the Subsidiaries identified in Schedule 8.5, hereto. "Permitted Investments" shall mean: (a) Governmental Obligations; (b) Obligations of a state of the United States, the District of Columbia or any possession of the United States, or any political subdivision thereof, which are described in Section 103(a) of the Internal Revenue Code and are rated in any of the highest 3 major rating categories as determined by at least one nationally recognized rating agency; or secured, as to payments of principal and interest, by a letter of credit provided by a financial institution or insurance provided by a bond insurance company which itself or its debt is rated in the highest 3 major rating categories as determined by at least one Rating Agency; (c) Banker's acceptances, commercial accounts, certificates of deposit, or depository receipts issued by a bank, trust company, savings and loan association, savings bank or other financial institution whose deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and whose reported capital and surplus equal at least $500,000,000; (d) commercial paper with a minimum rating of "A-1" (or better) by S&P or "P- 1" (or better) by Moody's, full faith and credit direct obligations of the United States of America or, with respect to the Foreign Subsidiaries, of the central government of the applicable jurisdiction, or any agency thereof, certificates of deposit, and other short term investments (each of a duration of one year or less), maintained by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries consistent with the present investment practices of such parties (as classified in the current financial statements of such parties); (e) Secured repurchase agreements against obligations itemized in paragraph (a) above, and executed by a bank or trust company or by members of the association of primary dealers or other recognized dealers in United States government securities, the market value of which must be maintained at levels at least equal to the amounts advanced and repurchase agreements entered into with counterparties having ratings in either of the highest two rating categories by Moody's or S&P, or the highest rating category by Fitch Investor Services, Duff & Phelps or Thompson Bank Watch and providing for underlying securities to be held by a third party; (f) Any fund or other pooling arrangement which exclusively purchases and holds the investments itemized in (a) through (e) above; and (g) other short term investments (excluding investments in Subsidiaries, Affiliates or Joint Ventures) made or maintained by any Foreign Subsidiary outside of the United States of America in the ordinary course of its business, consistent with the present investment practices of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the date hereof (generally, and as to the individual and aggregate amounts and other terms thereof). 17 "Permitted Siliconix Merger" shall mean the merger or other amalgamation of Vishay TEMIC Holdings (and any of its Subsidiaries) or Pamela Holdings (or any of its Subsidiaries) into Siliconix, but only after Siliconix has become a 100% Subsidiary. "Permitted Transfer" shall mean (i) any disposition of inventory or worn out or obsolete machinery, equipment or other such personal property in the ordinary course of business, (ii) the transfer by Company or its Subsidiaries to Vishay Israel or its wholly-owned direct subsidiaries existing under the laws of Israel of machinery and equipment in an aggregate amount (valued on the basis of the book value of such property on the date of acquisition thereof) of up to Fifty Million Dollars ($50,000,000) from and after the date hereof, (iii) the IC Transfer, and (iv) the transfer to Siliconix by Pamela Holdings or any other Subsidiary of the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries, or all or any portion of the assets owned by the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries, on the date of consummation of the TEMIC Acquisition; provided that, both before and after any such transfer, no Default or Event of Default (whether or not related to such transfer), has occurred and is continuing under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents. "Permitted Transferee" shall mean a "Permitted Transferee" as defined in the Company's current Certificate of Incorporation, and any subsequent amendment of the definition of such term approved by the Required Lenders. "Person" shall mean an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust, incorporated or unincorporated organization, joint venture, joint stock company, or a government or any agency or political subdivision thereof or other entity of any kind. "Pledge Agreement(s)" shall mean the various stock pledge agreements, including any nantissements, notarial deeds, pledges of financial instrument accounts, or other local law pledges (and any of them) executed and delivered concurrently herewith or to be executed or delivered pursuant to Sections 5.5, 7.16 and/or 7.18 hereof and, except with respect to those Pledge Agreements executed by or covering the share capital of a Significant Foreign Subsidiary, on behalf of any Lenders or their Affiliates (or any of them) under any Hedging Obligations, all by the Company and its Significant Subsidiaries in favor of the Agent, for and on behalf of the Lenders under this Agreement and the lenders under the Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement in form satisfactory to Agent and the Lenders, in their reasonable discretion, as amended or otherwise modified from time to time. "Prime Rate" shall mean the per annum interest rate established by Agent as its prime rate for its borrowers as such rate may vary from time to time, which rate is not necessarily the lowest rate on loans made by Agent at any such time. "Prime-based Advance" shall mean an Advance (including a Swing Line Advance) which bears interest at the Prime-based Rate. "Prime-based Rate" shall mean that rate of interest which is the greater of (i) the Prime Rate or (ii) the Alternate Base Rate. 18 "Prior Credit Agreement" shall mean that certain Amended and Restated Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Credit Agreement dated as of July 18, 1994, among Company, certain financial institutions and Agent, as amended, which Prior Credit Agreement shall have no further effect or validity from and after the Effective Date. "Pro Forma Projected Financial Information" shall mean, as to any proposed acquisition, a statement executed by an Authorized Officer of the Company (supported by reasonable detail) setting forth the total consideration to be paid or incurred in connection with the proposed acquisition and, pro forma combined projected financial information for the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries and the acquisition target (if applicable), consisting of projected opening balance sheets and covenant calculations as of the proposed effective date of the acquisition or the closing date and as of the end of at least the next succeeding three (3) fiscal years of Company following the acquisition and projected statements of income, balance sheets and cash flow statements for each of those years, including sufficient detail to permit calculation of the amounts and the financial covenants described in Sections 7.4 through 7.6 hereof, as projected as of the effective date of the acquisition and for those fiscal years and accompanied by (i) a statement setting forth a calculation of the ratios and amounts so described and (ii) a statement in reasonable detail specifying all material assumptions underlying the projections. "Prohibited Transaction" shall mean any transaction involving a Pension Plan which constitutes a "prohibited transaction" under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code. "Quoted Rate" shall mean the rate of interest per annum offered by the Swing Line Bank in its sole discretion with respect to a Swing Line Advance. "Quoted Rate Advance" means any Swing Line Advance which bears interest at the Quoted Rate. "Rating Agency" shall mean Fitch Investor Services, Inc., or Standard & Poor's Ratings Group, or Moody's Investor Service, Inc., or any of their respective successors, or any other nationally recognized rating agency, and "Rating Agencies" shall be the collective reference to any or all of the foregoing. "Refunded Swing Line Advance" is defined in Section 2.5(e) hereof. "Register" is defined in Section 13.8(f) hereof. "Remaining Siliconix Acquisition" shall mean the purchase or other acquisition by Company or any of its Domestic Subsidiaries of all or any portion of the shares of stock of Siliconix. "Reportable Event" shall mean a "reportable event" within the meaning of Section 4043 of ERISA and the regulations promulgated thereunder, which is material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 19 "Request for Advance" shall mean a Request for Revolving Credit Advance or a Request for Swing Line Advance, or either of them, as the context may indicate or otherwise require. "Request for Revolving Credit Advance" shall mean a request for Revolving Credit Advance issued by the Company or by a Permitted Borrower and countersigned by the Company under Section 2.3(c) hereof, as the case may be, in the form attached annexed hereto as Exhibit A-1, as such form may be amended or otherwise modified from time to time. "Request for Swing Line Advance" shall mean a request for Swing Line Advance issued by the Company or by a Permitted Borrower and countersigned by the Company under Section 2.5(c) hereof, in the form attached annexed hereto as Exhibit A-2, as such form may be amended or otherwise modified from time to time. "Required Lenders" shall mean at any time Lenders holding 51% of the aggregate principal amount of the Indebtedness then outstanding hereunder (provided that, for purposes of determining Required Lenders hereunder, Indebtedness outstanding under the Swing Line shall be allocated among the Lenders based on their respective Percentages of the Revolving Credit) or, if no Indebtedness is then outstanding, Lenders holding 51% of the Percentages. "Revalidation Date" shall mean the last day of the first calendar quarter to end at least sixty (60) days following the date of the Effective Date. "Revolving Credit" shall mean the revolving credit loan to be advanced to the Company or a Permitted Borrower by the Lenders pursuant to Section 2 hereof, in an aggregate amount (subject to the terms hereof), not to exceed, at any one time outstanding, the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment. "Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment" shall mean Eight Hundred Twenty-Five Million Dollars ($825,000,000), subject to any reductions in or termination of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment under Section 2.15 or 9.2 hereof. "Revolving Credit Facility Fee" shall mean the facility fee payable to Agent for distribution to the Lenders pursuant to Section 2.13, hereof. "Revolving Credit Maturity Date" shall mean the earlier to occur of (i) March 2, 2003, as such date may be extended from time to time pursuant to Section 2.16 hereof, and (ii) the date on which the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment shall be terminated pursuant to Section 2.15 or 9.2 hereof. "Revolving Credit Notes" shall mean the revolving credit notes which may be issued by Company or a Permitted Borrower at the request of a Lender pursuant to Section 2.2(e) hereof in the form annexed to this Agreement as Exhibit B-1 or B-2, as the case may be, as such Notes may be amended, renewed, replaced or extended from time to time. 20 "Shares", "share capital", "capital stock", "stock" and words of similar import shall mean and refer to the equity capital interest under applicable law of any Person in a corporation or other business entity, howsoever such interest is created or arises, whether such capital consists of common stock, preferred stock or preference shares, or other stock, and whether such capital is evidenced by a certificate, share register entry or otherwise. "Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement" shall mean that certain Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of the date hereof among the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, certain financial institutions, and the Agent, as amended or otherwise modified from time to time. "Significant Domestic Subsidiaries" shall mean those Domestic Subsidiaries identified as such on Schedule 6.6A hereto, and any Domestic Subsidiaries which become Significant Subsidiaries subsequent to the date hereof. "Significant Foreign Subsidiaries" shall mean those Foreign Subsidiaries identified as such on Schedule 6.6A hereto, and any Foreign Subsidiaries which become Significant Subsidiaries subsequent to the date hereof. "Significant Subsidiary" shall mean, on the Effective Date, those Subsidiaries identified as Significant Subsidiaries on Schedule 6.6A hereto (for purposes of determining the required Guarantors hereunder) and Schedule 6.6B hereto (for purposes of determining those Subsidiaries whose share capital is required to be encumbered by a Pledge Agreement hereunder), and thereafter shall mean the Significant Subsidiaries as of Effective Date and all other Subsidiaries, whether existing as of the Effective Date or created or acquired by the Company thereafter, except any Subsidiary: (a) the total assets of which, on an individual basis, on any date of determination, are less than $5,000,000; and (b) which has, as of the most recent fiscal quarter then ending, for the four preceding fiscal quarters, an EBITDA of less than $1,000,000; provided however that, notwithstanding the foregoing, Vishay Israel shall not be considered a Significant Subsidiary hereunder and each of Siliconix and LPSC shall not be considered Significant Subsidiaries hereunder unless and until becoming 100% Subsidiaries. "Siliconix" shall mean Siliconix Incorporated, a Delaware corporation. "Stockholder's Equity" shall mean (i) legal capital consisting of common or preferred stock, (ii) paid-in capital to the extent of the excess over par or stated value paid for capital stock and that created by a corporate readjustment and (iii) retained earnings consisting of cumulative Net Income reduced by dividends declared or paid. "Stock Option Plan" shall mean each employee stock option or other employee incentive plan listed on Schedule 1.7 hereto pursuant to which stock of the Company is distributed to 21 directors, officers and/or employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries and other similar plans adopted by the Company or any Subsidiary subsequent to the date hereof in the ordinary course of business. "Stock Option Plan Debt" shall mean Debt issued by any Subsidiary to the Company in exchange for stock in the Company to be distributed pursuant to a Stock Option Plan, provided that (i) no payments of principal or interest may be made under such Debt so long as this Agreement or any of the Loan Documents remains outstanding, and (ii) such Debt shall be subordinated to the Indebtedness in all respects on terms and conditions reasonably satisfactory to the Agent and the Required Lenders. "Subsidiary(ies)" shall mean any corporation, association, joint stock company, limited liability company, partnership or business trust of which more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding voting stock or other ownership interests is owned either directly or indirectly by Company or one or more of its Subsidiaries or by Company and one or more of its Subsidiaries, or the management of which is otherwise controlled, directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, or both, by Company and/or its Subsidiaries. "100% Subsidiary(ies)" shall mean any of the Company's Subsidiaries whose stock (other than directors' or qualifying shares to the extent required under applicable law) or other ownership interests is owned 100% by any other 100% Subsidiary and/or the Company, and shall also include Vishay Israel. "Swing Line" shall mean the revolving credit loan to be advanced to the Company or a Permitted Borrower by the Swing Line Bank pursuant to Section 2.5 hereof, in an aggregate amount (subject to the terms hereof) not to exceed, at any one time outstanding, the Swing Line Maximum Amount. "Swing Line Advance" shall mean an Advance made by Swing Line Bank to Company or a Permitted Borrower pursuant to Section 2.5 hereof. "Swing Line Bank" shall mean Comerica Bank, in its capacity as lender under Section 2.5 of this Agreement, and its successors and assigns. "Swing Line Maximum Amount" shall mean Fifteen Million Dollars ($15,000,000). "Swing Line Notes" shall mean the swing line notes which may be issued by Company or a Permitted Borrower at the request of Swing Line Bank pursuant to Section 2.5(a) hereof in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit C-1 or C-2, as the case may be, as such Notes may be amended or supplemented from time to time, and any notes issued in substitution, replacement or renewal thereof from time to time. "Syndication Fee" shall mean those certain fees payable to the Agents in the amount set forth in the Fee Letter dated January 7, 1998. "Tangible Net Worth" shall mean, as of any date of determination, the total common shareholders' equity of the Company and its Subsidiaries on a Consolidated basis, together with the 22 amount, if any, of preferred stock which is classified as part of shareholders' equity, as reflected on the most recent regularly prepared quarterly balance sheet of the Company and such Subsidiaries, which balance sheet shall be prepared in accordance with GAAP, minus the book amount of intangible assets including, without limitation, such items as goodwill, trademarks, trade names, copyrights, patents, licenses and rights in any intangible assets, and unamortized debt discount and expense, as of such date determined in accordance with GAAP, but excluding the effects of the currency translation adjustment and of the pension adjustment under the additional minimum liability section of FASB 87. "TEMIC Acquisition" shall mean the acquisition by the Company, subject to the terms hereof, of the TEMIC Semiconductor Business, including, without limitation, not less than eighty percent (80%) of the common shares of Siliconix issued and outstanding on the date of the TEMIC Acquisition, for the price and on the terms set forth in the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement. "TEMIC Acquisition Agreement" shall mean that certain agreement and notarial deed governing the acquisition of the TEMIC Semiconductor Business entered into between the TEMIC Parties, as sellers, and the Company, Pamela Holdings and Vishay TEMIC Holdings, as purchasers, dated as of December 16, 1997, as amended (subject to the terms hereof) from time to time. "TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries" shall mean those Foreign Subsidiaries created or acquired by the Company pursuant to the TEMIC Acquisition. "TEMIC Parties" shall mean those sellers of the TEMIC Semiconductor Business identified in Schedule 1.3 hereto and signatories to the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement. "TEMIC Semiconductor Business" shall mean the business of, among other things, designing, marketing and manufacturing discrete electronic devices and integrated circuits and designing, marketing and manufacturing power and analog semiconductor products. "TEMIC Subsidiaries" shall mean those Subsidiaries created or acquired by the Company pursuant to the TEMIC Acquisition, as set forth on Schedule 1.5 hereof. "Total Indebtedness" shall mean, with respect to the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries, as of any date of determination, the sum, without duplication, of (a) the aggregate outstanding principal amounts of (i) Advances of the Revolving Credit and Swing Line outstanding as of such date and any Letter of Credit Obligations outstanding as of such date, and (ii) any other revolving credit or other short-term indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of such date, (b) the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all long-term and short-term indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of such date and (c) all other interest-bearing indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries, whether short-term or long-term, as of such date. "Vishay Europe" shall mean Vishay Europe GmbH, a company organized under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany, formerly known as Vishay Beteiligungs GmbH. 23 "Vishay Electronic" shall mean Vishay Electronic GmbH, a company organized under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany. "Vishay TEMIC Holdings" shall mean Vishay TEMIC Semiconductor Acquisition Holdings Corp., a Delaware corporation, one hundred percent (100%) of the share capital of which is owned (directly or indirectly) by Company. "Vishay Israel" shall mean Vishay Israel Limited, a corporation organized under the laws of Israel and a Subsidiary of the Company. "Vishay Stock Plans" shall mean that certain 1986 Employee Stock Plan of Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., adopted by the board of directors of the Company on February 27, 1986, as such plan may be amended from time to time, and the Stock Option Plan, and any successor plans thereto. 2. REVOLVING CREDIT 2.1 Commitment. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement (including without limitation Section 2.3 hereof), each Lender severally and for itself alone agrees to make Advances of the Revolving Credit in any one or more of the Permitted Currencies to the Company or to any of the Permitted Borrowers from time to time on any Business Day during the period from the Effective Date hereof until (but excluding) the Revolving Credit Maturity Date in an aggregate amount, based on the Dollar Amount of any Advances outstanding in Dollars and the Current Dollar Equivalent of any Advances outstanding in Alternative Currencies, not to exceed at any one time outstanding such Lender's Percentage of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment. Except as provided in Section 2.12 hereof, for purposes of this Agreement, Advances in Alternative Currencies shall be determined, denominated and redenominated as set forth in Section 2.11 hereof. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, advances, repayments and readvances may be made under the Revolving Credit. Advances of the Revolving Credit shall be subject to the following additional conditions and limitations: (a) A Permitted Borrower (other than Siliconix) shall not be entitled to request an Advance of the Revolving Credit or the Swing Line or the issuance of a Letter of Credit hereunder until (i) it has become a party to this Agreement, either by execution and delivery of this Agreement, or by execution and delivery of a Permitted Borrower Addendum to this Agreement, (ii) it has become a party to the applicable Guaranty either by execution and delivery of such Guaranty or by execution an delivery of a Joinder Agreement to such Guaranty, and (iii) in the case of each Foreign Permitted Borrower, the Company has encumbered and/or delivered (or caused to be encumbered and/or delivered), as the case may be, pursuant to a Pledge Agreement those shares of stock issued by such Foreign Permitted Borrower and owned (directly or indirectly by the Company) which are required to be encumbered and/or delivered under Section 5.5, 7.16 or 7.17 hereof, as applicable, and accompanied in each case by authority documents, legal opinions and other supporting documents as required by Agent and the Required Lenders hereunder; 24 (b) Siliconix shall not be entitled to request an Advance of the Revolving Credit or the Swing Line or the issuance of a Letter of Credit hereunder until (i) it has become a party to this Agreement, either by execution and delivery of this Agreement, or by execution and delivery of a Permitted Borrower Addendum to this Agreement, and (ii) the entire share capital of Siliconix owned by the Company, whether directly or indirectly, has been encumbered, pursuant to a Pledge Agreement as required under Section 5.5 hereof, accompanied by authority documents, legal opinions and other supporting documents as required by Agent and the Required Lenders hereunder; (c) None of Vishay Europe, Vishay Electronic, Pamela Holdings nor any Foreign Subsidiary which becomes a Permitted Borrower after the Effective Date shall be entitled to request or maintain (or, in the case of any Eurocurrency-based Advance, maintain beyond any applicable Interest Period then in effect) an Advance of the Revolving Credit or the Swing Line or the issuance of a Letter of Credit hereunder if it ceases to be a 100% Subsidiary of the Company; it being understood that so long as Siliconix has complied in all respects with the terms and conditions of this Agreement (including Section 2.1(b) hereof), and so long as at least 80% of its common shares are owned directly or indirectly by the Company, it shall be entitled to request (or maintain) Advances of the Revolving Credit and the Swing Line and the issuance of Letters of Credit hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, however, Pamela shall not be entitled to request an Advance of the Revolving Credit or the Swing Line or the issuance of Letters of Credit hereunder until the completion of the German Drop Down. 2.2 Accrual of Interest and Maturity; Evidence of Indebtedness. (a) The Company and each Permitted Borrower hereby unconditionally promises to pay to the Agent for the account of each Lender the then unpaid principal amount of each Revolving Credit Advance of such Lender on the Revolving Credit Maturity Date and on such other dates and in such other amounts as may be required from time to time pursuant to this Agreement. (b) Each Lender shall maintain in accordance with its usual practice an account or accounts evidencing indebtedness of the Company and each Permitted Borrower to the appropriate lending office of such Lender resulting from each Revolving Credit Advance made by such lending office of such Lender from time to time, including the amounts of principal and interest payable thereon and paid to such Lender from time to time under this Agreement. (c) The Agent shall maintain the Register pursuant to Section 13.8(f), and a subaccount therein for each Lender, in which Register and subaccounts (taken together) shall be recorded (i) the amount and applicable Permitted Currency of each Revolving Credit Advance made hereunder, the type thereof and each Interest Period applicable to any Eurocurrency-based Advance, (ii) the amount of any principal or interest due and payable or to become due and payable from the Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower, as the case may be, to each Lender hereunder in respect of the Revolving Credit Advances and (iii) both the amount of any sum received by the Agent hereunder from the Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower in respect of the Revolving Credit Advances and each Lender's share thereof. (d) The entries made in the Register and the accounts of each Lender maintained pursuant to paragraphs (b) and (c) of this Section 2.1 shall absent manifest error, to the extent 25 permitted by applicable law, be conclusive evidence of the existence and amounts of the obligations of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers therein recorded; provided, however, that the failure of any Lender or the Agent to maintain the Register or any such account, as applicable, or any error therein, shall not in any manner affect the obligation of each of the Company and each Permitted Borrower to repay the Revolving Credit Advances (and all other amounts owing with respect thereto) made to the Company or such Permitted Borrower by such Lender in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. (e) The Company agrees that, upon written request to the Administrative Agent (with a copy to the Company) by any Lender, the Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers will execute and deliver, to such Lender, at the Company's (or such Permitted Borrower's) own expense, a Revolving Credit Note of each of the Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers evidencing the outstanding Revolving Credit Advances owing to such Lender; provided, that the delivery of such Revolving Credit Notes shall not be a condition precedent to the Effective Date. 2.3 Requests for and Refundings and Conversions of Advances. Company or a Permitted Borrower (with the countersignature of Company hereunder) may request an Advance of the Revolving Credit, refund any such Advance in the same type of Advance or convert any such Advance to any other type of Advance of the Revolving Credit only after delivery to Agent of a Request for Revolving Credit Advance executed by an Authorized Officer of Company or of such Permitted Borrower (with the countersignature of an Authorized Officer of the Company), subject to the following and to the remaining provisions hereof: (a) each such Request for Revolving Credit Advance shall set forth the information required on the Request for Advance form annexed hereto as Exhibit A-1, including without limitation: (i) the proposed date of such Advance, which must be a Business Day; (ii) whether such Advance is a refunding or conversion of an outstanding Advance; (iii)whether such Advance is to be a Prime-based Advance or a Eurocurrency-based Advance, and, except in the case of a Prime-based Advance, the first Interest Period applicable thereto; and (iv) in the case of a Eurocurrency-based Advance, the Permitted Currency in which such Advance is to be made. (b) each such Request for Revolving Credit Advance shall be delivered to Agent by 12:00 noon (Detroit time) three (3) Business Days prior to the proposed date of Advance, except in the case of a Prime-based Advance, for which the Request for Advance must be delivered by 12:00 noon (Detroit time) on such proposed date; 26 (c) on the proposed date of such Advance, the Dollar Amount of the principal amount of such requested Advance, plus the Dollar Amount of the principal amount of any other Advances of the Revolving Credit and of the Swing Line being requested on such date, plus the principal amount of all other Advances of the Revolving Credit and of the Swing Line then outstanding hereunder, in each case whether to Company or the Permitted Borrowers (using the Current Dollar Equivalent of any such Advances outstanding in any Alternative Currency, determined pursuant to the terms hereof as of the date of such requested Advance), plus the aggregate undrawn portion of any Letters of Credit which shall be outstanding as of the date of the requested Advance (based on the Dollar Amount of the undrawn portion of any Letters of Credit denominated in Dollars and the Current Dollar Equivalent of the undrawn portion of any Letters of Credit denominated in any Alternative Currency), the aggregate face amount of Letters of Credit requested but not yet issued (determined as aforesaid) and the aggregate amount of all drawings made under any Letter of Credit for which the Agent has not received full reimbursement from the applicable Account Party (using the Current Dollar Equivalent thereof for any Letters of Credit denominated in any Alternative Currency), shall not exceed the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment; provided however, that, in the case of any Advance of the Revolving Credit being applied to refund an outstanding Swing Line Advance, the aggregate principal amount of Swing Line Advances to be refunded shall not be included for purposes of calculating the limitation under this Section 2.3(c); (d) in the case of a Permitted Borrower, on the proposed date of such Advance, the principal amount of the Advance of the Revolving Credit being requested by such Permitted Borrower (determined and tested as aforesaid), plus the principal amount of any other Advances of the Revolving Credit and of the Swing Line being requested by such Permitted Borrower on such date, plus the principal amount of any other Advances of the Revolving Credit and all Advances of the Swing Line then outstanding to such Permitted Borrower hereunder (determined as aforesaid), plus the undrawn portion of any Letter of Credit which shall be outstanding as of the date of the requested Advance for the account of such Permitted Borrower, plus the aggregate face amount of Letters of Credit requested but not yet issued for the account of such Permitted Borrower (in each case determined as aforesaid), plus the unreimbursed amount of any drawings under any Letters of Credit (using the Current Dollar Equivalent thereof for any Letters of Credit denominated in any Alternative Currency) issued for the account of such Permitted Borrower, shall not exceed the applicable Permitted Borrower Sublimit; (e) in the case of a Prime-based Advance, the principal amount of the initial funding of such Advance, as opposed to any refunding or conversion thereof, shall be at least $10,000,000; (f) in the case of a Eurocurrency-based Advance, the principal amount of such Advance, plus the amount of any other outstanding Advance of the Revolving Credit to be then combined therewith having the same Applicable Interest Rate and Interest Period, if any, shall be at least Fifteen Million Dollars ($15,000,000) or the equivalent thereof in an Alternative Currency (or a larger integral multiple of One Million Dollars ($1,000,000), or 27 the equivalent thereof in the applicable Alternative Currency) and at any one time there shall not be in effect more than (x) for Advances to Company, ten (10) Applicable Interest Rates and Interest Periods, and (y) for Advances to each Permitted Borrower five (5) Applicable Interest Rates and Interest Periods for each such currency; (g) a Request for Revolving Credit Advance, once delivered to Agent, shall not be revocable by Company or the Permitted Borrowers; (h) each Request for Revolving Credit Advance shall constitute a certification by the Company and the applicable Permitted Borrower, if any, as of the date thereof that: (i) both before and after such Advance, the obligations of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers set forth in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which such Persons are parties are valid, binding and enforceable obligations of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers, as the case may be; (ii) all conditions to Advances of the Revolving Credit have been satisfied, and shall remain satisfied to the date of such Advance (both before and after giving effect to such Advance); (iii) there is no Default or Event of Default in existence, and none will exist upon the making of such Advance (both before and after giving effect to such Advance); (iv) the representations and warranties contained in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects and shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the making of such Advance (both before and after giving effect to such Advance); and (v) the execution of such Request for Advance will not violate the material terms and conditions of any material contract, agreement or other borrowing of Company or the Permitted Borrowers. Agent, acting on behalf of the Lenders, may, at its option, lend under this Section 2 upon the telephone request of an Authorized Officer of Company or a Permitted Borrower and, in the event Agent, acting on behalf of the Lenders, makes any such Advance upon a telephone request, the requesting officer shall fax to Agent, on the same day as such telephone request, a Request for Advance. Company and Permitted Borrowers hereby authorize Agent to disburse Advances under this Section 2.3 pursuant to the telephone instructions of any person purporting to be a person identified by name on a written list of persons authorized by the Company and delivered to Agent prior to the date of such request to make Requests for Advance on behalf of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company and each Permitted Borrower acknowledge that Company and each 28 such Permitted Borrower shall bear all risk of loss resulting from disbursements made upon any telephone request. Each telephone request for an Advance shall constitute a certification of the matters set forth in the Request for Revolving Credit Advance form as of the date of such requested Advance. 2.4 Disbursement of Advances. (a) Upon receiving any Request for Revolving Credit Advance from Company or a Permitted Borrower under Section 2.3 hereof, Agent shall promptly notify each Lender by wire, telex or telephone (confirmed by wire, telecopy or telex) of the amount and currency of such Advance to be made and the date such Advance is to be made by said Lender pursuant to its Percentage of such Advance. Unless such Lender's commitment to make Advances of the Revolving Credit hereunder shall have been suspended or terminated in accordance with this Agreement, each such Lender shall make available the amount of its Percentage of each Advance in immediately available funds in the currency of such Advance to Agent, as follows: (i) for Domestic Advances, at the office of Agent located at One Detroit Center, Detroit, Michigan 48226, not later than 3:00 p.m. (Detroit time) on the date of such Advance; and (ii) for Eurocurrency-based Advances, at the Agent's Correspondent for the account of the Eurocurrency Lending Office of the Agent, not later than 12 noon (the time of the Agent's Correspondent) on the date of such Advance. (b) Subject to submission of an executed Request for Revolving Credit Advance by Company or a Permitted Borrower (with the countersignature of the Company as aforesaid) without exceptions noted in the compliance certification therein, Agent shall make available to Company or to the applicable Permitted Borrower, as the case may be, the aggregate of the amounts so received by it from the Lenders in like funds and currencies: (i) for Domestic Advances, not later than 4:00 p.m. (Detroit time) on the date of such Advance by credit to an account of Company or such Permitted Borrower maintained with Agent or to such other account or third party as Company or such Permitted Borrower may reasonably direct; and (ii) for Eurocurrency-based Advances, not later than 4:00 p.m. (the time of the Agent's Correspondent) on the date of such Advance, by credit to an account of Company or such Permitted Borrower maintained with Agent's Correspondent or to such other account or third party as Company or such Permitted Borrower may reasonably direct. 29 (c) Agent shall deliver the documents and papers received by it for the account of each Lender to such Lender or upon its order. Unless Agent shall have been notified by any Lender prior to the date of any proposed Advance that such Lender does not intend to make available to Agent such Lender's Percentage of such Advance, Agent may assume that such Lender has made such amount available to Agent on such date and in such currency, as aforesaid and may, in reliance upon such assumption, make available to Company or to the applicable Permitted Borrower, as the case may be, a corresponding amount. If such amount is not in fact made available to Agent by such Lender, as aforesaid, Agent shall be entitled to recover such amount on demand from such Lender. If such Lender does not pay such amount forthwith upon Agent's demand therefor, the Agent shall promptly notify Company, and Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower shall pay such amount to Agent. Agent shall also be entitled to recover from such Lender or Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower, as the case may be, but without duplication, interest on such amount in respect of each day from the date such amount was made available by Agent to Company or such Permitted Borrower, as the case may be, to the date such amount is recovered by Agent, at a rate per annum equal to: (i) in the case of such Lender, for the first two (2) Business Days such amount remains unpaid, with respect to Domestic Advances, the Federal Funds Effective Rate, and with respect to Eurocurrency- based Advances, Agent's aggregate marginal cost (including the cost of maintaining any required reserves or deposit insurance and of any fees, penalties, overdraft charges or other costs or expenses incurred by Agent as a result of such failure to deliver funds hereunder) of carrying such amount and thereafter, at the rate of interest then applicable to such Revolving Credit Advances; and (ii) in the case of Company or such Permitted Borrower, the rate of interest then applicable to such Advance of the Revolving Credit. The obligation of any Lender to make any Advance of the Revolving Credit hereunder shall not be affected by the failure of any other Lender to make any Advance hereunder, and no Lender shall have any liability to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Agent, any other Lender, or any other party for another Lender's failure to make any loan or Advance hereunder. 2.5 (a) Swing Line Advances. The Swing Line Bank shall, on the terms and subject to the conditions hereinafter set forth (including without limitation Section 2.5(c) hereof), make one or more advances in Dollars or in any Alternative Currency (each such advance being a "Swing Line Advance") to Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers (provided that any such Permitted Borrower has become a party to this Agreement, either by execution and delivery of this Agreement, or by complying with the terms and conditions set forth in Section 2.1(a) hereof, from time to time on any Business Day during the period from the date hereof to (but excluding) the Revolving Credit Maturity Date in an aggregate amount, based on the Dollar Amount of any such Advances outstanding in Dollars and the Current Dollar Equivalent of any such Advances outstanding in 30 Alternative Currencies, not to exceed at any time outstanding the Swing Line Maximum Amount. Swing Line Bank shall maintain in accordance with its usual practice an account or accounts evidencing indebtedness of the Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers to Swing Line Bank resulting from each Swing Line Advance of such Lender from time to time, including the amounts of principal and interest payable thereon and paid to such Lender from time to time. The entries made in such account or accounts of Swing Line Bank shall, to the extent permitted by applicable law, be conclusive evidence, absent manifest error, of the existence and amounts of the obligations of the Company and the Permitted Borrower therein recorded; provided, however, that the failure of Swing Line Bank to maintain such account, as applicable, or any error therein, shall not in any manner affect the obligation of each of the Company and each Permitted Borrower to repay the Swing Line Advances (and all other amounts owing with respect thereto) made to the Company or such Permitted Borrower by Swing Line Bank in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. Advances, repayments and readvances under the Swing Line may be made, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Each Swing Line Advance shall mature and the principal amount thereof shall be due and payable by Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto (if any). The Company agrees that, upon the written request of Swing Line Bank (with a copy to the Company), the Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers will execute and deliver to Swing Line Bank Swing Line Notes of each of the Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers; provided, that the delivery of such Swing Line Notes shall not be a condition precedent to the Effective Date. (b) Accrual of Interest. Each Swing Line Advance shall, from time to time after the date of such Advance, bear interest at its Applicable Interest Rate. The amount and date of each Swing Line Advance, its Applicable Interest Rate, its Interest Period, if any, and the amount and date of any repayment shall be noted on Swing Line Bank's account maintained pursuant to Section 2.5(a), which records will be conclusive evidence thereof, absent manifest error; provided, however, that any failure by the Swing Line Bank to record any such information shall not relieve Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower of its obligation to repay the outstanding principal amount of such Advance, all interest accrued thereon and any amount payable with respect thereto in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. (c) Requests for Swing Line Advances. Company or a Permitted Borrower (with the countersignature of the Company) may request a Swing Line Advance only after delivery to Swing Line Bank of a Request for Swing Line Advance executed by an Authorized Officer of Company or such Permitted Borrower, subject to the following and to the remaining provisions hereof: (i) each such Request for Swing Line Advance shall set forth the information required on the Request for Advance form annexed hereto as Exhibit A-2, including without limitation: (A) the proposed date of such Swing Line Advance, which must be a Business Day; 31 (B) whether such Swing Line Advance is to be a Prime-based Advance, a Eurocurrency-based Advance or a Quoted Rate Advance; (C) the duration of the Interest Period applicable thereto; and (D) in the case of a Eurocurrency-based Advance, the Permitted Currency in which such Advance is to be made. (ii) the Dollar Amount of the principal amount of such requested Swing Line Advance, plus the aggregate principal amount of all other Swing Line Advances then outstanding hereunder (including any other Swing Line Advances requested to be made on such date) whether to Company or to any of the Permitted Borrowers (using the Current Dollar Equivalent of any such Advances outstanding in any Alternative Currency, determined pursuant to the terms hereof as of the date of such requested Advance) shall not exceed the Swing Line Maximum Amount; (iii) as of the proposed date of such Swing Line Advance, the Dollar Amount of the principal amount of such requested Swing Line Advance, plus the aggregate principal amount of all other Swing Line Advances and all Advances of the Revolving Credit then outstanding hereunder (including any Revolving Credit Advances or other Swing Line Advances requested to be made on such date) whether to Company or to any of the Permitted Borrowers (using the Current Dollar Equivalent of any such Advances outstanding in any Alternative Currency, determined pursuant to the terms hereof as of the date of such requested Advance), and the aggregate undrawn portion of any Letters of Credit which shall be outstanding as of the date of the requested Swing Line Advance (based on the Dollar Amount of the undrawn portion of any Letters of Credit denominated in Dollars and the Current Dollar Equivalent of the undrawn portion of any Letters of Credit denominated in any Alternative Currency), plus the aggregate face amount of Letters of Credit requested but not yet issued (determined as aforesaid), plus the unreimbursed amount of any draws under Letters of Credit (using the Current Dollar Equivalent thereof for any Letters of Credit denominated in any Alternative Currency) shall not exceed the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment; (iv) in the case of any Permitted Borrower, as of the proposed date of such Swing Line Advance, the principal amount of the requested Swing Line Advance to such Permitted Borrower (determined as aforesaid), plus the aggregate principal amount of any other Swing Line Advances and all other Advances then outstanding to such Permitted Borrower hereunder (including, without duplication, Revolving Credit Advances or Swing Line Advances requested to be made on such date) determined as aforesaid, plus the aggregate undrawn portion of any Letters of Credit which shall be outstanding as of the date of the requested Swing Line Advance for the account of such Permitted Borrower, plus the aggregate face amount of any Letters of Credit requested but not yet issued for the account of such Permitted Borrower hereunder (in each case determined as aforesaid), plus the unreimbursed amount of any drawings under any Letters of Credit (using the Current Dollar Equivalent thereof for any Letters of Credit denominated in any Alternative Currency) issued for the account of such Permitted Borrower, shall not exceed the applicable Permitted Borrower Sublimit; 32 (v) in the case of a Prime-based Advance, the principal amount of the initial funding of such Advance, as opposed to any refunding or conversion thereof, shall be at least $100,000; (vi) in the case of a Eurocurrency-based Advance or a Quoted Rate Advance, the principal amount of such Advance, the principal amount of such Swing Line Advance plus the amount of any other outstanding Advance of the Swing Line to be then combined therewith having the same Applicable Interest Rate and Interest Period, if any, shall be, at least Two Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($250,000), or the equivalent thereof in an Alternative Currency (or a larger integral multiple of One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000), or the equivalent thereof in the applicable Alternative Currency), and at any one time there shall not be in effect more than (x) for Advances in Dollars, Five (5) Applicable Interest Rates and Interest Periods, and (y) for Advances in any Alternative Currency (other than eurodollars), two (2) Applicable Interest Rates and Interest Periods for each such currency; (vii) each such Request for Swing Line Advance shall be delivered to the Swing Line Bank (x) for each Advance in Dollars, by 2:00 p.m. (Detroit time) on the proposed date of the Advance and (y) for each Advance in any Alternative Currency, by 12:00 noon (Detroit time) two (2) Business Days prior to the proposed date of Advance; (viii) each Request for Swing Line Advance, once delivered to Swing Line Bank, shall be irrevocable by Company, and shall constitute and include a certification by the Company as of the date thereof that: (A) both before and after such Swing Line Advance, the obligations of the Company set forth in this Agreement and the Loan Documents, are valid, binding and enforceable obligations of the Company; (B) all conditions to the making of Swing Line Advances have been satisfied (both before and after giving effect to such Advance); (C) both before and after the making of such Swing Line Advance, there is no Default or Event of Default in existence; and (D) both before and after such Swing Line Advance, the representations and warranties contained in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects. Swing Line Bank shall promptly deliver to Agent by telecopy a copy of any Request for Advance received hereunder. (d) Disbursement of Swing Line Advances. Subject to submission of an executed Request for Swing Line Advance by Company or a Permitted Borrower without exceptions noted in the compliance certification therein and to the other terms and conditions hereof, Swing Line 33 Bank shall make available to Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower the amount so requested, in like funds and currencies, not later than: (i) for Prime-based Advances or Quoted Rate Advances, not later than 4:00 p.m. (Detroit time) on the date of such Advance by credit to an account of Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower maintained with Agent or to such other account or third party as Company or the Permitted Borrower may reasonably direct in writing; and (ii) for Eurocurrency-based Advances, not later than 4:00 p.m. (the time of the Agent's Correspondent) on the date of such Advance, by credit to an account of Company or the Permitted Borrower maintained with Agent's Correspondent or to such other account or third party as Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower may reasonably direct. Swing Line Bank shall promptly notify Agent of any Swing Line Advance by telephone, telex or telecopier. (e) Refunding of or Participation Interest in Swing Line Advances. (i) The Agent, at any time in its sole and absolute discretion, may on behalf of the Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower (each of which hereby irrevocably directs the Agent to act on its behalf) request each of the Lenders (including the Swing Line Bank in its capacity as a Lender) to make an Advance of the Revolving Credit to each of Company and the Permitted Borrowers, for each Permitted Currency in which Swing Line Advances are outstanding to such party, in an amount (in the applicable Permitted Currency, determined in accordance with Section 2.11(b) hereof) equal to such Lender's Percentage of the principal amount of the aggregate Swing Line Advances outstanding in each Permitted Currency to each such party on the date such notice is given (the "Refunded Swing Line Advances"); provided however that Swing Line Advances which are carried at the Quoted Rate or the Eurocurrency-based Rate which are converted to Revolving Credit Advances at the request of the Agent at a time when no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, shall not be subject to Section 11.1 and no losses, costs or expenses may be assessed by the Swing Line Bank against the Company, a permitted Borrower or the other Banks as a consequence of such conversion. In the case of each Refunded Swing Line Advance outstanding in Dollars, the applicable Advance of the Revolving Credit used to refund such Swing Line Advance shall be a Prime-based Advance. In the case of each Refunded Swing Line Advance outstanding in any Alternative Currency, the applicable Advance of the Revolving Credit used to refund such Swing Line Advance shall be an Advance in the applicable Alternative Currency, with an Interest Period of one month (or any lesser number of days selected by Agent in consultation with the Lenders). In connection with the making of any such Refunded Swing Line Advances or the purchase of a participation interest in Swing Line Advances under Section 2.5(e)(ii) hereof, the Swing Line Bank shall retain its claim against the Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower for any unpaid interest or fees in respect thereof. Unless any of the events described in Section 9.1(j) hereof shall have occurred (in which event the procedures of subparagraph (ii) of this Section 2.5(e) shall apply) and regardless of whether the conditions precedent set forth in this Agreement to the making of an Advance of the Revolving Credit are then satisfied but subject to Section 2.5(e)(iii), each Lender shall make the proceeds of its Advance of 34 the Revolving Credit available to the Agent for the benefit of the Swing Line Bank at the office of the Agent specified in Section 2.4(a) hereof prior to 11:00 a.m. Detroit time (for Domestic Advances) on the Business Day next succeeding the date such notice is given, and, in the case of any Eurocurrency-based Advance, prior to 2:00 p.m. Detroit time on the third Business Day following the date such notice is given, in each case in immediately available funds in the applicable Permitted Currency. The proceeds of such Advances of the Revolving Credit shall be immediately applied to repay the Refunded Swing Line Advances in accordance with the provisions of Section 10.1 hereof. (ii) If, prior to the making of an Advance of the Revolving Credit pursuant to subparagraph (i) of this Section 2.5(e), one of the events described in Section 9.1(j) hereof shall have occurred, each Lender will, on the date such Advance of the Revolving Credit was to have been made, purchase from the Swing Line Bank an undivided participating interest in each Refunded Swing Line Advance in an amount equal to its Percentage of such Refunded Swing Line Advance. Each Lender within the time periods specified in Section 2.5(e)(i) hereof, as applicable, shall immediately transfer to the Agent, in immediately available funds in the applicable Permitted Currency of such Swing Line Advance, the amount of its participation and upon receipt thereof the Agent will deliver to such Lender a participation certificate evidencing such participation. (iii) Each Lender's obligation to make Advances of the Revolving Credit and to purchase participation interests in accordance with clauses (i) and (ii) of this Section 2.5(e) shall be absolute and unconditional and shall not be affected by any circumstance, including, without limitation, (i) any set-off, counterclaim, recoupment, defense or other right which such Lender may have against Swing Line Bank, the Company, the Permitted Borrowers or any other Person for any reason whatsoever; (ii) the occurrence or continuance of any Default or Event of Default; (iii) any adverse change in the condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company, any Permitted Borrower or any other Person; (iv) any breach of this Agreement by the Company, any Permitted Borrower or any other Person; (v) any inability of the Company or the Permitted Borrowers to satisfy the conditions precedent to borrowing set forth in this Agreement on the date upon which such participating interest is to be purchased; (vi) the termination of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment hereunder; or (vii) any other circumstance, happening or event whatsoever, whether or not similar to any of the foregoing. If any Lender does not make available to the Agent the amount required pursuant to clause (i) or (ii) above, as the case may be, the Agent shall be entitled to recover such amount on demand from such Lender, together with interest thereon for each day from the date of non-payment until such amount is paid in full (x) for the first two (2) Business Days such amount remains unpaid, at the Federal Funds Effective Rate for Advances in Dollars (other than eurodollars) and for Eurocurrency-based Advances, the Agent's marginal cost (including the cost of maintaining any required reserves or deposit insurance and of any fees, penalties, overdraft charges or other costs or expenses incurred by Agent as a result of such failure to deliver funds hereunder) of carrying such amount and (y) thereafter, at the rate of interest then applicable to such Swing Line Advances. Notwithstanding the foregoing however no Lender shall be required to make any Revolving Credit Advance to refund a Swing Line Advance or to purchase a participation in a Swing Line Advance if prior to the making of the Swing Line Advance by the Swing Line Bank, the Agent had obtained actual knowledge that an Event of Default had occurred and was continuing; provided, 35 however that the obligation of the Lenders to make such Revolving Credit Advances shall be reinstated upon the date of which such Event of Default has been waived by the Required Lenders or all Lenders, as applicable. 2.6 Prime-based Interest Payments. Interest on the unpaid balance of all Prime-based Advances of the Revolving Credit and all Swing Line Advances carried at the Prime-based Rate from time to time outstanding shall accrue from the date of such Advance to the Revolving Credit Maturity Date (and until paid), at a per annum interest rate equal to the Prime-based Rate, and shall be payable in immediately available funds (a) with respect to Swing Line Advances, quarterly commencing on the first day of the calendar quarter next succeeding the calendar quarter during which the initial Swing Line Advance is made and on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter, and (b) with respect to Advances of the Revolving Credit, quarterly commencing on the first day of the calendar quarter next succeeding the calendar month during which the initial Advance of the Revolving Credit is made and on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter. Interest accruing at the Prime-based Rate shall be computed on the basis of a 360 day year and assessed for the actual number of days elapsed, and in such computation effect shall be given to any change in the interest rate resulting from a change in the Prime-based Rate on the date of such change in the Prime-based Rate. 2.7 Eurocurrency-based Interest Payments and Quoted Rate Interest Payments. (a) Interest on each Eurocurrency-based Advance of the Revolving Credit and all Swing Line Advances carried at the Eurocurrency-based Rate shall accrue at its Applicable Interest Rate and shall be payable in immediately available funds on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto (and, if any Interest Period shall exceed three months, then on the last Business Day of the third month of such Interest Period, and at three month intervals thereafter). Interest accruing at the Eurocurrency-based Rate shall be computed on the basis of a 360 day year (except that any such Advances made in Sterling or any other Alternative Currency with respect to which applicable law or market custom so requires shall be calculated based on a 365 day year, or as otherwise required under applicable law or market custom) and assessed for the actual number of days elapsed from the first day of the Interest Period applicable thereto to but not including the last day thereof. Interest due on a Eurocurrency-based Advance made in an Alternative Currency shall be paid in such Alternative Currency. (b) Interest on each Quoted Rate Advance of the Swing Line shall accrue at its Quoted Rate and shall be payable in immediately available funds on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto. Interest accruing at the Quoted Rate shall be computed on the basis of a 360 day year (except that any such Advances made in any Alternative Currency with respect to which applicable law or market custom so requires shall be calculated based on a 365 day year, or as otherwise required under applicable law or market custom) and assessed for the actual number of days elapsed from the first day of the Interest Period applicable thereto to, but not including the last day thereof. 36 2.8 Interest Payments on Conversions. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the preceding sections, all accrued and unpaid interest on any Advance converted pursuant to Section 2.3 hereof shall be due and payable in full on the date such Advance is converted. 2.9 Interest on Default. In the event and so long as any Event of Default under Section 9.1(a) or 9.1(b) shall exist, interest shall be payable daily on all Eurocurrency-based Advances of the Revolving Credit, Swing Line Advances carried at the Eurocurrency-based Rate and Quoted Rate Advances from time to time outstanding at a per annum rate equal to the Applicable Interest Rate plus three percent (3%) for the remainder of the then existing Interest Period, if any, and at all other such times, with respect to Prime-based Advances from time to time outstanding, at a per annum rate equal to the Prime-based Rate plus three percent (3%), and, with respect to Eurocurrency-based Advances thereof in any Alternative Currency from time to time outstanding, (i) at a per annum rate calculated by the Agent, whose determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error, on a daily basis, equal to three percent (3%) above the interest rate per annum at which one (1) day deposits (or, if such amount due remains unpaid for more than three (3) Business Days, then for such other period of time as the Agent may elect which shall in no event be longer than six (6) months) in the relevant eurocurrency in the amount of such overdue payment due to the Agent are offered by the Agent's Eurocurrency Lending Office for the applicable period determined as provided above, or (ii) if at any such time such deposits are not offered by Eurocurrency Lending Office, then at a rate per annum equal to three percent (3%) above the rate determined by the Agent to be its aggregate marginal cost (including the cost of maintaining any required reserves or deposit insurance) of carrying the amount of such Eurocurrency-based Advance. 2.10 Prepayment. (a) Company or the Permitted Borrowers may prepay all or part of the outstanding balance of any Prime-based Advance(s) of the Revolving Credit at any time, provided that the amount of any partial prepayment shall be at least One Million Dollars ($1,000,000) and, after giving effect to any such partial prepayment, the aggregate balance of Prime-based Advance(s) of the Revolving Credit remaining outstanding, if any, shall be at least Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000). Subject to Section 11.1 hereof, Company or the Permitted Borrowers may prepay all or part of any Eurocurrency-based Advance (subject to not less than two (2) Business Days' notice to Agent) provided that the amount of any such partial prepayment shall be at least One Million Dollars ($1,000,000), or the Current Dollar Equivalent thereof in an Alternative Currency, and, after giving effect to any such partial prepayment, the unpaid portion of such Advance which is refunded or converted under Section 2.3 hereof shall be at least Fifteen Million Dollars ($15,000,000) or the Current Dollar Equivalent thereof in an Alternative Currency. (b) Company may prepay all or part of the outstanding balance of any Swing Line Advance carried at the Prime-based Rate at any time, provided that the amount of any partial prepayment shall be at least Twenty Five Thousand Dollars ($25,000) and, after giving effect to any such partial prepayment, the aggregate balance of such Swing Line Advances remaining outstanding, if any, shall be at least One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000). Subject to Section 11.1 hereof, Company may prepay all or part of any Swing Line Advances carried at the Eurocurrency-based Rate or Quoted Rate (subject to not less than two (2) Business Days' notice to Swing Line Bank and Agent) only on the last day of the Interest Period therefor, provided that the amount of any such partial payment shall be at least Twenty Five Thousand Dollars ($25,000), after 37 giving effect of any such partial prepayment, and the unpaid portion of such Advance which is refunded or converted under Section 2.5(c) hereof shall be at least Two Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($250,000). (c) Any prepayment made in accordance with this Section shall be subject to Section 11.1 hereof, but otherwise without premium, penalty or prejudice to the right to readvance under the terms of this Agreement. 2.11 Determination, Denomination and Redenomination of Alternative Currency Advances. Whenever, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement: (a) an Advance of the Revolving Credit or a Swing Line Advance is initially funded, as opposed to any refunding or conversion thereof, in an Alternative Currency, the amount to be advanced hereunder will be the equivalent in such Alternative Currency of the Dollar Amount of such Advance; (b) an existing Advance of the Revolving Credit or a Swing Line Advance denominated in an Alternative Currency is to be refunded, in whole or in part, with an Advance denominated in the same Alternative Currency, the amount of the new Advance shall be continued in the amount of the Alternative Currency so refunded; (c) an existing Advance of the Revolving Credit denominated in an Alternative Currency is to be converted, in whole or in part, to an Advance denominated in another Alternative Currency, the amount of the new Advance shall be that amount of the Alternative Currency of the new Advance which may be purchased, using the most favorable spot exchange rate determined by Agent to be available to it for the sale of Dollars for such other Alternative Currency at approximately 11:00 a.m. (Detroit time) two (2) Business Days prior to the last day of the Eurocurrency Interest Period applicable to the existing Advance, with the Dollar Amount of the existing Advance, or portion thereof being converted; and (d) an existing Advance of the Revolving Credit denominated in an Alternative Currency is to be converted, in whole or in part, to an Advance denominated in Dollars, the amount of the new Advance shall be the Dollar Amount of the existing Advance, or portion thereof being converted (determined as aforesaid). 2.12 Prime-based Advance in Absence of Election or Upon Default. If, (a) as to any outstanding Eurocurrency-based Advance of the Revolving Credit, or any Swing Line Advance carried at the Eurocurrency-based Rate, Agent has not received payment of all outstanding principal and accrued interest on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto, or does not receive a timely Request for Advance meeting the requirements of Section 2.3 or 2.5(c) hereof with respect to the refunding or conversion of such Advance, or (b) if any Advance denominated in an Alternative Currency or any deemed Advance under Section 3.6 hereof in respect of a Letter of Credit denominated in an Alternative Currency cannot be refunded or made, as the case may be, in such Alternative Currency by virtue of Section 11.3 hereof, or (c) subject to Section 2.9 hereof, if on such day a Default or an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, then the 38 principal amount thereof which is not then prepaid in the case of a Eurocurrency-based Advance shall, absent a contrary election of the Required Lenders, be converted automatically to a Prime-based Advance and the Agent shall thereafter promptly notify Company of said action. If a Eurocurrency-based Advance converted hereunder is payable in an Alternative Currency, the Prime-based Advance shall be in an amount equal to the Dollar Amount of such Eurocurrency-based Advance at such time and the Agent and the Lenders shall use said Prime-based Advance to fund payment of the Alternative Currency obligation, all subject to the provisions of Section 2.14 hereof. The Company and the Permitted Borrowers, if applicable, shall reimburse the Agent and the Lenders on demand for any costs incurred by the Agent or any of the Lenders, as applicable, resulting from the conversion pursuant to this Section 2.12 of Eurocurrency-based Advances payable in an Alternative Currency to Prime-based Advances. 2.13 Revolving Credit Facility Fee. From the Effective Date to the Revolving Credit Maturity Date, the Company shall pay to the Agent, for distribution to the Lenders (as set forth below), a Revolving Credit Facility Fee determined by multiplying the Applicable Fee Percentage per annum times the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment then applicable under Section 2.15 hereof (whether used or unused) computed on a daily basis. The Revolving Credit Facility Fee shall be payable quarterly in arrears commencing April 1, 1998 (in respect of the prior calendar quarter or portion thereof), and on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter and on the Revolving Credit Maturity Date, and shall be computed on the basis of a year of three hundred sixty (360) days and assessed for the actual number of days elapsed. Whenever any payment of the Revolving Credit Facility Fee shall be due on a day which is not a Business Day, the date for payment thereof shall be extended to the next Business Day. Upon receipt of such payment Agent shall make prompt payment to each Lender of its share of the Revolving Credit Facility Fee based upon its respective Percentage. 2.14 Currency Appreciation; Mandatory Reduction of Indebtedness. (a) Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment. If at any time and for any reason, the aggregate principal amount of all Advances of the Revolving Credit hereunder to the Company and to the Permitted Borrowers made in Dollars and the aggregate Current Dollar Equivalent of all Advances of the Revolving Credit outstanding hereunder to the Company and to the Permitted Borrowers in any Alternative Currency as of such time, plus the aggregate principal amount of Swing Line Advances outstanding hereunder as of such time (determined as aforesaid), plus the aggregate undrawn portion of any Letters of Credit which shall be outstanding (based on the Dollar Amount of the undrawn portion of any Letters of Credit denominated in Dollars and the Current Dollar Equivalent of the undrawn portion of any Letters of Credit denominated in any Alternative Currency), plus the face amount of all Letters of Credit requested but not yet issued (determined as aforesaid), plus the unreimbursed amount of any draws under any Letters of Credit (using the Current Dollar Equivalent thereof for any Letters of Credit denominated in any Alternative Currency), as of such time exceeds the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment (as used in this clause (a), the "Excess"), the Company and the Permitted Borrowers shall: (i) immediately repay that portion of such Indebtedness then carried as a Prime-based Advance, if any, by the Dollar Amount of such Excess, and/or reduce any pending 39 request for an Advance in Dollars on such day by the Dollar Amount of the Excess, to the extent thereof; and (ii) on the last day of each Interest Period of any Eurocurrency-based Advance outstanding as of such time, until the necessary reductions of Indebtedness under this Section 2.14(a) have been fully made, repay the Indebtedness carried in such Advances and/or reduce any requests for refunding or conversion of such Advances submitted (or to be submitted) by the Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower in respect of such Advances, by the amount in Dollars or the applicable Alternative Currency, as the case may be, of the Excess, to the extent thereof. Compliance with this Section 2.14(a) shall be tested on a daily or other basis satisfactory to Agent in its sole discretion, provided that, so long as no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, at any time while the aggregate Advances of the Revolving Credit available to be borrowed hereunder (based on the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment then in effect) equal or exceed Fifty Million Dollars ($50,000,000), compliance with this Section 2.14(a) shall be tested as of the last day of each calendar quarter. Notwithstanding the foregoing, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Default or Event of Default, or if any Excess remains after recalculating said Excess based on ninety-five percent (95%) of the Current Dollar Equivalent of any Advances or Letters of Credit denominated in Alternative Currencies (and one hundred percent (100%) of any Advances or Letters of Credit denominated in Dollars), Company and the Permitted Borrowers shall be obligated immediately to reduce the foregoing Indebtedness hereunder by an amount sufficient to eliminate such Excess. (b) Permitted Borrower Sublimit. If at any time and for any reason with respect to any Permitted Borrower, the aggregate principal amount (tested in the manner set forth in clause (a) above) of all Advances of the Revolving Credit and of the Swing Line outstanding hereunder to such Permitted Borrower, plus the aggregate undrawn portion of any Letters of Credit, plus the face amount of any Letters of Credit requested but not yet issued, plus the unreimbursed amount of any drawings under any Letters of Credit to or for the account of such Permitted Borrower (tested in the manner set forth in clause (a) above), which Advances and Letters of Credit are made or issued, or to be made or issued, in Dollars and ninety percent (90%) of the aggregate Current Dollar Equivalent of all such Advances and Letters of Credit (including unreimbursed draws) hereunder for the account of such Permitted Borrower in any Alternative Currency as of such time, exceeds the applicable Permitted Borrower Sublimit (as used in this clause (b), the "Excess"), then in each case, such Permitted Borrower shall (i) immediately repay that portion of the Indebtedness outstanding to such Permitted Borrower then carried as a Prime-based Advance, if any, by the Dollar Amount of such Excess, and/or reduce on such day any pending request for an Advance in Dollars submitted by such Permitted Borrower by the Dollar Amount of such Excess, to the extent thereof; and (ii) on the last day of each Interest Period of any Eurocurrency-based Advance outstanding to such Permitted Borrower as of such time, until the necessary reductions of 40 Indebtedness under this Section 2.14(b) have been fully made, repay such Indebtedness carried in such Advances and/or reduce any requests for refunding or conversion of such Advances submitted (or to be submitted) by such Permitted Borrower in respect of such Advances, by the amount in Dollars or the applicable Alternative Currency, as the case may be, of such Excess, to the extent thereof. Provided that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, each Permitted Borrower's compliance with this Section 2.14(b) shall be tested as of the last day of each calendar quarter or, upon the written request of the Company from time to time, as of the last day of each calendar month, provided the Company furnishes Agent with current monthly financial statements complying with the requirements set forth in subparagraphs (i) and (ii) of Section 7.3(c) hereof. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Default or Event of Default, compliance with this Section 2.14(b) shall be tested on a daily or other basis satisfactory to Agent in its sole discretion. 2.15 Optional Reduction or Termination of Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment. Provided that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Company may upon at least five Business Days' prior written notice to the Agent, permanently reduce the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment in whole at any time, or in part from time to time, without premium or penalty, provided that: (i) each partial reduction of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment shall be in an aggregate amount equal to Twenty Million Dollars ($20,000,000) or a larger integral multiple of One Million Dollars ($1,000,000); (ii) each reduction shall be accompanied by the payment of the Revolving Credit Facility Fee, if any, accrued to the date of such reduction; (iii) the Company or any Permitted Borrower, as applicable, shall prepay in accordance with the terms hereof the amount, if any, by which the aggregate unpaid principal amount of Advances (using the Current Dollar Equivalent of any such Advance outstanding in any Alternative Currency) of the Revolving Credit, plus the aggregate principal amount of Swing Line Advances outstanding hereunder (using the Current Dollar Equivalent of any such Advance outstanding in an Alternative Currency), plus the aggregate undrawn amount of outstanding Letters of Credit (using the Current Dollar Equivalent thereof for any Letters of Credit denominated in any Alternative Currency), plus the unreimbursed amount of any draws under any Letters of Credit (determined as aforesaid), exceeds the amount of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment as so reduced, together with interest thereon to the date of prepayment; (iv) if the termination or reduction of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment requires the prepayment of a Eurocurrency-based Advance or a Quoted Rate Advance, the termination or reduction may be made only on the last Business Day of the then current Interest Period applicable to such Eurocurrency-based Advance or such Quoted Rate Advance; and (v) no reduction shall reduce the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment to an amount which is less than the aggregate undrawn amount of any Letters of Credit outstanding at such time. Reductions of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment and any accompanying prepayments of Advances of the Revolving Credit shall be distributed by Agent to each Lender in accordance with such Lender's Percentage thereof, and will not be available for reinstatement by or readvance to the Company or any Permitted Borrower, and any accompanying prepayments of Advances of the Swing Line shall be distributed by Agent to the Swing Line Bank and will not be available for reinstatement by or readvance to the Company. Any reductions of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment hereunder shall reduce each Lender's portion thereof proportionately (based 41 on the applicable Percentages), and shall be permanent and irrevocable. Any payments made pursuant to this Section shall be applied first to outstanding Prime-based Advances under the Revolving Credit, next to Swing Line Advances carried at the Prime-based Rate, next to Eurocurrency-based Advances of the Revolving Credit and then to Swing Line Advances carried at the Eurocurrency-based Rate or the Quoted Rate. 2.16 Extensions of Revolving Credit Maturity Date. (a) Provided that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Company may, by written notice to Agent and each Lender (which notice shall be irrevocable and which shall not be deemed effective unless actually received by Agent and each Lender) prior to May 18th, but not before April 18th, of each year beginning in 1999, request that the Lenders extend the then applicable Revolving Credit Maturity Date to a date that is one year later than the Revolving Credit Maturity Date then in effect (each such request, a "Request"). (b) Each Lender shall, within 30 days of receipt of any such request, notify the Agent in writing whether such Lender consents to the extension of the Revolving Credit Maturity Date, such consent to be in the sole discretion of such Lender. If any Lender does not so notify the Agent of its decision within such 30 day period, such Lender shall be deemed to have not consented to such request of the Borrower. (c) The Agent shall promptly notify the Company whether the Lenders have consented to such request. If the Agent does not so notify the Company within 30 days of the Agent's receipt such Request, the Agent shall be deemed to have notified the Company that the Lenders have not consented to the Company's request. (d) Each Lender which elects not to extend the Revolving Credit Maturity Date or fails to so notify the Agent of such consent (a "Non-Consenting Lender") hereby agrees that if any other Lender or financial institution acceptable to the Company and the Agents offers to purchase such Non-Consenting Lender's Percentage of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment within 180 days after receipt of the related Request for a purchase price equal to the sum of all amounts then owing with respect to the outstanding Advances (and participations in any Swing Line Advances or any Letters of Credit) and all other amounts accrued for the account of such Non-Consenting Lender, such Non-Consenting Lender will promptly assign, sell and transfer all of its right, title, interest and obligations with respect to the foregoing to such other Lender or financial institution pursuant to and on the terms specified in the form of Assignment Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit E. Before assigning to a financial institution other than a Lender pursuant to this clause (d), each Lender that has elected to extend the Revolving Credit Maturity Date (a "Consenting Lender") shall have the right, but not any obligation, pro rata with all other Consenting Lenders which elect to purchase a pro rata share of such non-consenting Lender's Percentage of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment (and participations in Swing Line Advances and Letters of Credit) to purchase each such Non-Consenting Lender's Percentage thereof pursuant to this clause (d). The Consenting Lenders which elect to exercise their purchase options hereunder shall by mutual agreement determine the amount of each Non-Consenting Lender's Percentage of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment being purchased by each Consenting Lender, provided that if there is any dispute among the Consenting Lenders such purchase shall be based upon a pro rata sharing 42 of each Non-Consenting Lender's Percentage thereof. Only if the Consenting Lenders have determined not to purchase all of the Non-Consenting Lender's Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment may financial institutions other than a Consenting Lender then purchase such NonConsenting Lender's Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment. (e) Except as set forth in subparagraph (f) hereof, notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Revolving Credit Maturity Date will not be extended unless all Lenders have consented to the extension or if another Lender or financial institution has purchased each such NonConsenting Lender's Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment pursuant to the terms of clause (d) above. (f) In the event, after giving effect to any assignments to Consenting Lenders under Section 2.16(d) hereof or otherwise, Lenders holding eighty percent (80%) or more of the Percentages (the "Approving Percentages") have consented to an extension of the Revolving Credit Maturity Date hereunder, such extension shall become effective, notwithstanding that all of the Lenders have failed to approve such extension in accordance with this Section 2.16, so long as Company, within forty five (45) days, reduces the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment to an amount not greater than the product of the Approving Percentages times the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment then in effect and repays the Indebtedness then outstanding hereunder (and, if necessary causes any outstanding Letters of Credit to be terminated or discharged) to the extent such Indebtedness exceeds the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment as so reduced, such that the entire Indebtedness outstanding to the Non-Consenting Lenders shall have been paid and discharged in full. Reductions of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment made under this Section 2.16 (f) may be made without regard to the notice provisions set forth in Section 2.15 hereof, but shall otherwise comply with said Section 2.15, except that any amounts repaid by the Company against the Indebtedness pursuant to this subparagraph (f) shall be first applied to the Indebtedness outstanding to the Non-Consenting Lenders still holding Indebtedness hereunder at such time, with any remaining amounts applied in accordance with Section 2.15 hereof and the Percentages held by such Non-Consenting Lenders shall be reallocated to the Consenting Lenders (giving effect to any assignments, as aforesaid), pro rata, based on the Percentages then in effect and Agent shall distribute to the remaining Lenders a revised Schedule 1.1 reflecting such reallocated Percentages. 2.17 Application of Advances. Advances of the Revolving Credit (including Swing Line Advances) shall be available, subject to the terms hereof, to fund working capital needs, the TEMIC Acquisition or other general corporate purposes of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers. 3. LETTERS OF CREDIT. 3.1 Letters of Credit. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Agent shall through the Issuing Office, at any time and from time to time from and after the date hereof until thirty (30) days prior to the Revolving Credit Maturity Date, upon the written request of an Account Party(ies) accompanied by a duly executed Letter of Credit Agreement and such other documentation related to the requested Letter of Credit as the Agent may require, issue Letters of Credit for the account of such Account Party(ies), in an aggregate amount for all Letters of Credit issued hereunder at any one time outstanding not to exceed the Letter of Credit Maximum Amount. 43 Each Letter of Credit shall be in a minimum face amount of Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($500,000) and each Letter of Credit (including any renewal thereof) shall expire on the earlier to occur of (x) 1 year from the date of issuance and (y) not later than ten (10) Business Days prior to the Revolving Credit Maturity Date in effect on the date of issuance thereof. The submission of all applications in respect of and the issuance of each Letter of Credit hereunder shall be subject in all respects to the Uniform Customs and Practices for Documentary Credits of the International Chamber of Commerce, 1993 Revisions, ICC Publication No. 500. Each application for Letter of Credit shall have noted on the first page thereof, or shall be deemed to have noted thereon: "Note: This application is entered into in accordance with that certain Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of March 2, 1998, as amended or otherwise modified from time to time (the "Credit Agreement") among the Lenders signatory thereto, Comerica Bank, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders and Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., and in the event of a conflict between this application and the Credit Agreement, the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement shall govern." 3.2 Conditions to Issuance. No Letter of Credit shall be issued at the request and for the account of any Account Party(ies) unless, as of the date of issuance of such Letter of Credit: (a) the face amount of the Letter of Credit requested (based on the Dollar Amount of the undrawn portion of any Letter of Credit denominated in Dollars and the Current Dollar Equivalent of the undrawn portion of any Letter of Credit denominated in any Alternative Currency), plus the face amount of all other Letters of Credit of all Account Parties requested on such date, plus the aggregate undrawn portion of all other Letters of Credit of all Account Parties as of such date, plus the face amount of all Letters of Credit of all Account Parties requested but not yet issued as of such date, plus the unreimbursed amount of any draws under Letters of Credit of all Account Parties (in each case, determined as aforesaid), does not exceed the Letter of Credit Maximum Amount; (b) the face amount of the Letter of Credit requested, plus the face amount of all other Letters of Credit of all Account Parties requested on such date, plus the aggregate undrawn portion of all other Letters of Credit of all Account Parties as of such date, plus the face amount of all Letters of Credit of all Account Parties requested but not yet issued as of such date, plus the unreimbursed amount of any drawings under Letters of Credit of all Account Parties as of such date, (in each case determined as aforesaid), plus the aggregate principal amount of all Advances outstanding under the Revolving Credit and the Swing Line, including any Advances requested to be made on such date (determined on the basis of the Current Dollar Equivalent of any Advances denominated in any Alternative Currency, and the Dollar Amount of any Advances in Dollars), do not exceed the then applicable Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment; 44 (c) whenever the Account Party is a Permitted Borrower, the face amount of the Letter of Credit requested by such Permitted Borrower, plus the face amount of all other Letters of Credit requested by such Permitted Borrower on such date, plus the aggregate undrawn portion of all other outstanding Letters of Credit issued for the account of such Permitted Borrower (in each case determined as aforesaid), plus the unreimbursed amount of any drawings under Letters of Credit (using the Current Dollar Equivalent thereof for any such Letters of Credit denominated in any Alternative Currency) issued for the account of such Permitted Borrower, plus the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all Advances of the Revolving Credit and of the Swing Line to such Permitted Borrower, including any Advances requested to be made on such date (in each case determined as aforesaid), do not exceed the applicable Permitted Borrower Sublimit; (d) whenever the Account Party is a Permitted Borrower, it shall not be entitled to request a Letter of Credit hereunder until it has complied in all respects with the provisions of Section 2.3(a) or (b) hereof, as applicable; (e) the obligations of Company and the Guarantors set forth in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents are valid, binding and enforceable obligations of Company and Guarantors and the valid, binding and enforceable nature of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents has not been disputed by Company or the Guarantors; (f) the representations and warranties contained in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents are true in all material respects as if made on such date, and both immediately before and immediately after issuance of the Letter of Credit requested, no Default or Event of Default exists; (g) the execution of the Letter of Credit Agreement with respect to the Letter of Credit requested will not violate the terms and conditions of any contract, agreement or other borrowing of the relevant Account Party; (h) the Account Party requesting the Letter of Credit shall have delivered to Agent at its Issuing Office, not less than three (3) Business Days prior to the requested date for issuance (or such shorter time as the Agent, in its sole discretion, may permit), the Letter of Credit Agreement related thereto, together with such other documents and materials as may be required pursuant to the terms thereof, and the terms of the proposed Letter of Credit shall be satisfactory to Agent; (i) no order, judgment or decree of any court, arbitrator or governmental authority shall purport by its terms to enjoin or restrain Agent from issuing 45 the Letter of Credit requested, or any Lender from taking an assignment of its Percentage thereof pursuant to Section 3.6 hereof, and no law, rule, regulation, request or directive (whether or not having the force of law) shall prohibit or request that Agent refrain from issuing, or any Lender refrain from taking an assignment of its Percentage of, the Letter of Credit requested or letters of credit generally; (j) there shall have been no introduction of or change in the interpretation of any law or regulation that would make it unlawful or unduly burdensome for the Agent to issue or any Lender to take an assignment of its Percentage of the requested Letter of Credit, no suspension of or material limitation on trading on the New York Stock Exchange or any other national securities exchange, no declaration of a general banking moratorium by banking authorities in the United States, Michigan or the respective jurisdictions in which the Lenders, the applicable Account Party and the beneficiary of the requested Letter of Credit are located, and no establishment of any new restrictions on transactions involving letters of credit or on banks materially affecting the extension of credit by banks; and (k) Agent shall have received the issuance fees required in connection with the issuance of such Letter of Credit pursuant to Section 3.4 hereof. Each Letter of Credit Agreement submitted to Agent pursuant hereto shall constitute the certification by the Company and the Account Party of the matters set forth in Section 3.2 (a) through (g) hereof. The Agent shall be entitled to rely on such certification without any duty of inquiry. 3.3 Notice. Agent shall give notice, substantially in the form attached as Exhibit F, to each Lender of the issuance of each Letter of Credit, not later than three (3) Business Days after issuance of each Letter of Credit, specifying the amount thereof and the amount of such Lender's Percentage thereof. 3.4 Letter of Credit Fees. Company shall pay to the Agent for distribution to the Lenders in accordance with their Percentages, letter of credit fees as follows: (a) A per annum letter of credit fee with respect to the undrawn amount of each Letter of Credit issued pursuant hereto (based on the Dollar Amount of any Letters of Credit denominated in Dollars and the Current Dollar Equivalent of any Letters of Credit denominated in any Alternative Currency) in the amount of the Applicable Fee Percentage (determined with reference to Schedule 4.1 to this Agreement). (b) A letter of credit facing fee in the amount set forth on Schedule 4.1 to this Agreement to be retained by Agent for its own Account. (c) If any change in any law or regulation or in the interpretation thereof by any court or administrative or governmental authority charged with the administration thereof shall 46 either (i) impose, modify or cause to be deemed applicable any reserve, special deposit, limitation or similar requirement against letters of credit issued or participated in by, or assets held by, or deposits in or for the account of, Agent or any Lender or (ii) impose on Agent or any Lender any other condition regarding this Agreement, the Letters of Credit or any participations in such Letters of Credit, and the result of any event referred to in clause (i) or (ii) above shall be to increase the cost or expense to Agent or such Lender of issuing or maintaining or participating in any of the Letters of Credit (which increase in cost or expense shall be determined by the Agent's or such Lender's reasonable allocation of the aggregate of such cost increases and expenses resulting from such events), then, upon demand by the Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, the Company shall, within thirty (30) days following demand for payment, pay to Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, from time to time as specified by the Agent or such Lender, additional amounts which shall be sufficient to compensate the Agent or such Lender for such increased cost and expense, together with interest on each such amount from ten days after the date demanded until payment in full thereof at the Prime-based Rate. A certificate as to such increased cost or expense incurred by the Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, as a result of any event mentioned in clause (i) or (ii) above, submitted to the Company, shall be conclusive evidence, absent manifest error, as to the amount thereof. (d) All payments by the Company or the Permitted Borrowers to the Agent or the Lenders under this Section 3.4 shall be made in Dollars and in immediately available funds at the Issuing Office or such other office of the Agent as may be designated from time to time by written notice to the Company and the Permitted Borrowers by the Agent. The fees described in clause (a) and (b) above shall be nonrefundable under all circumstances, shall be payable quarterly in advance (or such lesser period, if applicable, for Letters of Credit issued with stated expiration dates of less than three months) upon the issuance of each such Letter of Credit, and shall be calculated on the basis of a 360 day year and assessed for the actual number of days from the date of the issuance thereof to the stated expiration thereof. 3.5 Other Fees. In connection with the Letters of Credit, and in addition to the Letter of Credit Fees, the Company and the applicable Account Party(ies) shall pay, for the sole account of the Agent, standard documentation, administration, payment and cancellation charges assessed by Agent or the Issuing Office, at the times, in the amounts and on the terms set forth or to be set forth from time to time in the standard fee schedule of the Issuing Office in effect from time to time and delivered to the relevant Account Party(ies). 3.6 Drawings and Demands for Payment Under Letters of Credit. (a) The Company and each applicable Account Party agree to pay to the Agent, on the day on which the Agent shall honor a draft or other demand for payment presented or made under any Letter of Credit, an amount equal to the amount paid by the Agent in respect of such draft or other demand under such Letter of Credit and all expenses paid or incurred by the Agent relative thereto. Unless the Company or the applicable Account Party shall have made such payment to the Agent on such day, upon each such payment by the Agent, the Agent shall be deemed to have disbursed to the Company or the applicable Account Party, and the Company or the applicable Account Party shall be deemed to have elected to substitute for its reimbursement obligation, with 47 respect to Letters of Credit denominated in Dollars, a Prime-based Advance of the Revolving Credit and, with respect to Letters of Credit denominated in any Alternative Currency, a Eurocurrency-based Advance of the Revolving Credit in the applicable Alternative Currency with an Interest Period, commencing three (3) Business Days following the date of Agent's payment pursuant to the applicable Letter of Credit, of one month (or, if unavailable, such other Interest Period as selected by Agent in its sole discretion), in each case for the account of the Lenders in an amount equal to the amount so paid by the Agent in respect of such draft or other demand under such Letter of Credit. Such Prime-based Advance or Eurocurrency-based Advance shall be deemed disbursed notwithstanding any failure to satisfy any conditions for disbursement of any Advance set forth in Section 2 hereof and, to the extent of the Advances so disbursed, the reimbursement obligation of the Company or the applicable Account Party under this Section 3.6 shall be deemed satisfied, provided that, with respect to any such Eurocurrency-based Advance deemed to have been made hereunder, Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower shall also be obligated to pay to the Agent, for Agent's sole account, interest on the aggregate amount paid by the Agent under the applicable draft or other demand for payment at Agent's aggregate marginal cost (including the cost of maintaining any required reserves or deposit insurance and of any fees, penalties, overdraft charges or other costs or expenses incurred by Agent as a result of such failure to deliver funds hereunder) of carrying such amount plus the Applicable Margin then in effect for Eurocurrency-based Advances, from the date of Agent's payment pursuant to any Letter of Credit to the date of the commencement of the Interest Period for the applicable Eurocurrency-based Advance deemed to have been made, as aforesaid, such interest (the "Gap Interest") to be due and payable on the last day of the initial Interest Period established for such deemed Advance. (b) If the Agent shall honor a draft or other demand for payment presented or made under any Letter of Credit, the Agent shall provide notice thereof to the Company and the applicable Account Party on the date such draft or demand is honored, and to each Lender on such date unless the Company or applicable Account Party shall have satisfied its reimbursement obligation under Section 3.6(a) hereof by payment to the Agent on such date. The Agent shall further use reasonable efforts to provide notice to the Company or applicable Account Party prior to honoring any such draft or other demand for payment, but such notice, or the failure to provide such notice, shall not affect the rights or obligations of the Agent with respect to any Letter of Credit or the rights and obligations of the parties hereto, including without limitation the obligations of the Company or applicable Account Party under Section 3.6(a) hereof. (c) Upon issuance by the Agent of each Letter of Credit hereunder, each Lender shall automatically acquire a pro rata participation interest in such Letter of Credit and each related Letter of Credit Payment based on its respective Percentage. Each Lender, on the date a draft or demand under any Letter of Credit is honored (or the next succeeding Business Day if the notice required to be given by Agent to the Lenders under Section 3.6(b) hereof is not given to the Lenders prior to 2:00 p.m. (Detroit time) on such date of draft or demand) or three (3) Business Days thereafter in respect of draws or demands under Letters of Credit issued in any Alternative Currency, shall make its Percentage of the amount paid by the Agent, and not reimbursed by the Company or applicable Account Party on such day, available in the applicable Permitted Currency and in immediately available funds at the principal office of the Agent for the account of the Agent. If and to the extent such Lender shall not have made such pro rata portion available to the Agent, such 48 Lender, the Company and the applicable Account Party severally agree to pay to the Agent forthwith on demand such amount together with interest thereon, for each day from the date such amount was paid by the Agent until such amount is so made available to the Agent at a per annum rate equal to the interest rate applicable during such period to the related Advance deemed to have been disbursed under Section 3.6(a) in respect of the reimbursement obligation of the Company and the applicable Account Party, as set forth in Section 2.4(c)(i) or 2.4(c)(ii) hereof, as the case may be. If such Lender shall pay such amount to the Agent together with such interest, such amount so paid shall be deemed to constitute an Advance by such Lender disbursed in respect of the reimbursement obligation of the Company or applicable Account Party under Section 3.6(a) hereof for purposes of this Agreement, effective as of the dates applicable under said Section 3.6(a). The failure of any Lender to make its pro rata portion of any such amount paid by the Agent available to the Agent shall not relieve any other Lender of its obligation to make available its pro rata portion of such amount, but no Lender shall be responsible for failure of any other Lender to make such pro rata portion available to the Agent. Furthermore, in the event of the failure by Company or the Permitted Borrowers to pay the Gap Interest required under the proviso to Section 3.6(a) hereof, each of the Lenders shall pay to Agent, within one Business Day following receipt from Agent of written request therefor, its pro rata portion of said Gap Interest, excluding any portion thereof attributable to the Applicable Margin. Notwithstanding the foregoing however, no Lender shall acquire a pro rata risk participation in a Letter of Credit or related Letter of Credit Payment if the Agent had obtained actual knowledge that an Event of Default had occurred and was continuing at the time of the issuance of such Letter of Credit; provided, however that each Lender shall acquire a pro rata risk participation in such Letter of Credit and the related Letter of Credit Payment upon the date on which such Event of Default is waived by the Required Lenders or all Lenders, as applicable. (d) Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to require or authorize any Lender to issue any Letter of Credit, it being recognized that the Agent shall be the sole issuer of Letters of Credit under this Agreement. 3.7 Obligations Irrevocable. The obligations of Company and any Account Party to make payments to Agent or the Lenders with respect to Letter of Credit Obligations under Section 3.6 hereof, shall be unconditional and irrevocable and not subject to any qualification or exception whatsoever, including, without limitation: (a) Any lack of validity or enforceability of any Letter of Credit or any documentation relating to any Letter of Credit or to any transaction related in any way to any Letter of Credit (the "Letter of Credit Documents"); (b) Any amendment, modification, waiver, consent, or any substitution, exchange or release of or failure to perfect any interest in collateral or security, with respect to or under any of the Letter of Credit Documents; (c) The existence of any claim, setoff, defense or other right which the Company or any Account Party may have at any time against any beneficiary or any transferee of any Letter 49 of Credit (or any persons or entities for whom any such beneficiary or any such transferee may be acting), the Agent or any Lender or any other person or entity, whether in connection with any of the Letter of Credit Documents, the transactions contemplated herein or therein or any unrelated transactions; (d) Any draft or other statement or document presented under any Letter of Credit proving to be forged, fraudulent, invalid or insufficient in any respect or any statement therein being untrue or inaccurate in any respect; (e) Payment by the Agent to the beneficiary under any Letter of Credit against presentation of documents which do not comply with the terms of such Letter of Credit, including failure of any documents to bear any reference or adequate reference to such Letter of Credit; (f) Any failure, omission, delay or lack on the part of the Agent or any Lender or any party to any of the Letter of Credit Documents to enforce, assert or exercise any right, power or remedy conferred upon the Agent, any Lender or any such party under this Agreement, any of the other Loan Documents or any of the Letter of Credit Documents, or any other acts or omissions on the part of the Agent, any Lender or any such party; or (g) Any other event or circumstance that would, in the absence of this Section 3.7, result in the release or discharge by operation of law or otherwise of Company or any Account Party from the performance or observance of any obligation, covenant or agreement contained in Section 3.6 hereof. No setoff, counterclaim, reduction or diminution of any obligation or any defense of any kind or nature which Company or any Account Party has or may have against the beneficiary of any Letter of Credit shall be available hereunder to Company or any Account Party against the Agent or any Lender. Nothing contained in this Section 3.7 shall be deemed to prevent Company or the Account Parties, after satisfaction in full of the absolute and unconditional obligations of Company and the Account Parties hereunder, from asserting in a separate action any claim, defense, set off or other right which they (or any of them) may have against Agent or any Lender. 3.8 Risk Under Letters of Credit. (a) In the administration and handling of Letters of Credit and any security therefor, or any documents or instruments given in connection therewith, Agent shall have the sole right to take or refrain from taking any and all actions under or upon the Letters of Credit. (b) Subject to other terms and conditions of this Agreement, Agent shall issue the Letters of Credit and shall hold the documents related thereto in its own name and shall make all collections thereunder and otherwise administer the Letters of Credit in accordance with Agent's regularly established practices and procedures and, except pursuant to Section 12.3 hereof, Agent will have no further obligation with respect thereto. In the administration of Letters of Credit, Agent shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted on the advice of counsel, accountants, appraisers or other experts selected by Agent with due care and Agent may rely upon any notice, communication, certificate or other statement from Company, any Account Party, beneficiaries of 50 Letters of Credit, or any other Person which Agent believes to be authentic. Agent will, upon request, furnish the Lenders with copies of Letter of Credit Agreements, Letters of Credit and documents related thereto. (c) In connection with the issuance and administration of Letters of Credit and the assignments hereunder, Agent makes no representation and shall have no responsibility with respect to (i) the obligations of Company or any Account Party or the validity, sufficiency or enforceability of any document or instrument given in connection therewith, or the taking of any action with respect to same, (ii) the financial condition of, any representations made by, or any act or omission of, Company, the applicable Account Party or any other Person, or (iii) any failure or delay in exercising any rights or powers possessed by Agent in its capacity as issuer of Letters of Credit in the absence of its gross negligence or willful misconduct. Each of the Lenders expressly acknowledges that they have made and will continue to make their own evaluations of Company's and the Account Parties' creditworthiness without reliance on any representation of Agent or Agent's officers, agents and employees. (d) If at any time Agent shall recover any part of any unreimbursed amount for any draw or other demand for payment under a Letter of Credit, or any interest thereon, Agent shall receive same for the pro rata benefit of the Lenders in accordance with their respective Percentages and shall promptly deliver to each Lender its share thereof, less such Lender's pro rata share of the costs of such recovery, including court costs and attorney's fees. If at any time any Lender shall receive from any source whatsoever any payment on any such unreimbursed amount or interest thereon in excess of such Lender's Percentage of such payment, such Lender will promptly pay over such excess to Agent, for redistribution in accordance with this Agreement. 3.9 Indemnification. (a) The Company and each Account Party hereby indemnifies and agrees to hold harmless the Lenders and the Agent, and their respective officers, directors, employees and agents, from and against any and all claims, damages, losses, liabilities, costs or expenses of any kind or nature whatsoever which the Lenders or the Agent or any such person may incur or which may be claimed against any of them by reason of or in connection with any Letter of Credit, and neither any Lender nor the Agent or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents shall be liable or responsible for: (i) the use which may be made of any Letter of Credit or for any acts or omissions of any beneficiary in connection therewith; (ii) the validity, sufficiency or genuineness of documents or of any endorsement thereon, even if such documents should in fact prove to be in any or all respects invalid, insufficient, fraudulent or forged; (iii) payment by the Agent to the beneficiary under any Letter of Credit against presentation of documents which do not comply with the terms of any Letter of Credit (unless such payment resulted from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the Agent); (iv) any error, omission, interruption or delay in transmission, dispatch or delivery of any message or advice, however transmitted, in connection with any Letter of Credit; or (v) any other event or circumstance whatsoever arising in connection with any Letter of Credit; provided, however, that Company and Account Parties shall not be required to indemnify the Lenders and the Agent and such other persons, and the Agent shall be liable to the Company and the Account Parties to the extent, but only to the extent, of any direct, as opposed to consequential or incidental, damages suffered by Company and the Account Parties which were caused by the Agent's gross negligence, willful misconduct or 51 wrongful dishonor of any Letter of Credit after the presentation to it by the beneficiary thereunder of a draft or other demand for payment and other documentation strictly complying with the terms and conditions of such Letter of Credit. (b) It is understood that in making any payment under a Letter of Credit the Agent will rely on documents presented to it under such Letter of Credit as to any and all matters set forth therein without further investigation and regardless of any notice or information to the contrary. It is further acknowledged and agreed that Company or an Account Party may have rights against the beneficiary or others in connection with any Letter of Credit with respect to which Agent or the Lenders are alleged to be liable and it shall be a condition of the assertion of any liability of Agent or the Lenders by the Company or any other Account Party under this Section that Company or the applicable Account Party shall contemporaneously pursue all remedies in respect of the alleged loss against such beneficiary and any other parties obligated or liable in connection with such Letter of Credit and any related transactions. 3.10 Right of Reimbursement. Each Lender agrees to reimburse the Agent on demand, pro rata in accordance with its respective Percentage, for (i) the reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses of the Agent to be reimbursed by Company or any Account Party pursuant to any Letter of Credit Agreement or any Letter of Credit, to the extent not reimbursed by Company or any Account Party and (ii) any and all liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, actions, judgments, suits, costs, fees, reasonable out-of-pocket expenses or disbursements of any kind and nature whatsoever which may be imposed on, incurred by or asserted against Agent (in its capacity as issuer of any Letter of Credit) in any way relating to or arising out of this Agreement, any Letter of Credit, any documentation or any transaction relating thereto, or any Letter of Credit Agreement, to the extent not reimbursed by Company or any Account Party, except to the extent that such liabilities, losses, costs or expenses were incurred by Agent as a result of Agent's gross negligence or willful misconduct or by the Agent's wrongful dishonor of any Letter of Credit after the presentation to it by the beneficiary thereunder of a draft or other demand for payment and other documentation strictly complying with the terms and conditions of such Letter of Credit. 4. MARGIN ADJUSTMENTS. 4.1 Margin Adjustments. Adjustments to the Applicable Margin and the Applicable Fee Percentages, based on Schedule 4.1, shall be implemented on a quarterly basis as follows: (a) Such adjustments shall be given prospective effect only, effective as to all Advances outstanding hereunder and the Applicable Fee Percentage, upon the date of delivery of the financial statements under Sections 7.3(b) and 7.3(c) hereunder, in each case establishing applicability of the appropriate adjustment, in each case with no retroactivity or claw-back. In the event Company fails timely to deliver the financial statements required under Section 7.3(b) or 7.3(c), then from the date delivery of such financial statements was required until such financial statements are delivered, the margins and fee percentages shall be at the highest level on the Pricing Matrix attached to this Agreement as Schedule 4.1. 52 (b) From the Effective Date until the required date of delivery under Section 7.3(c) of the Company's financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 1998, the margins and fee percentages shall be those set forth under the Level III column of the Pricing Matrix attached to this Agreement as Schedule 4.1, unless the Leverage Ratio, as determined in financial statements delivered prior to such date, is greater than or equal to 3:1, in which event the margins and fee percentages shall be those under Level IV. 5. CONDITIONS. The obligations of Lenders to make Advances or to issue Letters of Credit, pursuant to this Agreement are subject to the following conditions, provided however that Sections 5.1 through 5.10 below shall only apply to the initial Advances or Letters of Credit hereunder: 5.1 Execution of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. The Company (on or before the Effective Date) and the Permitted Borrowers (prior to requesting any Advance hereunder), shall have executed and delivered to the Agents for the account of each Lender, this Agreement (including all schedules, exhibits, certificates, opinions, financial statements and other documents to be delivered pursuant hereto) and the other Loan Documents, and, this Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall be in full force and effect. 5.2 Corporate Authority. Agents shall have received (i) certified copies of resolutions of the Board of Directors of the Company and each of the Significant Subsidiaries party to any Loan Document evidencing approval of the form of this Agreement and each of the other Loan Documents to which such Person is a party and authorizing the execution and delivery thereof and, if applicable, the borrowing of Advances and requesting of Letters of Credit hereunder; (ii) (A) certified copies of the Company's, and the Significant Subsidiaries' articles of incorporation and bylaws or other constitutional documents certified as true and complete as of a recent date by the appropriate official of the jurisdiction of incorporation of each such entity (or, if unavailable in such jurisdiction, by a responsible officer of such entity); and (B) a certificate of good standing from the state or other jurisdictions of the Company's incorporation, and from the applicable states of incorporation or other jurisdictions of the Significant Subsidiaries and from every state or other jurisdiction in which the Company, or any of such Significant Subsidiaries is qualified to do business, if issued by such jurisdictions, subject to the limitations (as to qualification and authorization to do business) contained in Section 6.1, hereof. 5.3 Company Guaranty. The Company shall have furnished, executed and delivered to Agent the Company Guaranty in form and substance satisfactory to Agents and the Lenders. 5.4 Subsidiary Guaranties. Each of the Significant Domestic Subsidiaries shall have furnished, executed and delivered to Agent, the Domestic Guaranty and each of the Significant Foreign Subsidiaries shall have furnished, executed and delivered to Agent, the Foreign Guaranty, in each case in form and substance satisfactory to Agents and the Lenders. 53 5.5 Stock Pledge of Shares Issued by Significant Subsidiaries. (a) The Pledge Agreements shall have been executed and delivered by Company and any Significant Domestic Subsidiaries required hereunder to be party thereto as of the Effective Date; and (b) The Company and each of the Significant Subsidiaries shall have executed and delivered to Agent, prior to or concurrently with the initial borrowing hereunder, a Pledge Agreement or Pledge Agreements covering (i) 65% of the share capital of each Foreign Significant Subsidiary listed on Schedule 5.5 hereto to secure the Indebtedness of the Company and any Domestic Permitted Borrowers and the Indebtedness (as such term is defined therein) of such parties under the Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement and 100% of the share capital of each such Foreign Significant Subsidiary to secure the Indebtedness of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers hereunder and (ii) 100% of the share capital of each Domestic Significant Subsidiary listed on Schedule 5.5 hereto to secure the Indebtedness of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers and the Indebtedness (as such term is defined therein) of such Parties under the Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement, in each case in form and substance satisfactory to Agents together with stock certificates and stock powers executed in blank (if issued under applicable law) and the Company shall take or cause to be taken all such steps as are necessary or advisable under applicable law to perfect the liens granted thereby and to assure that such Liens are first in priority. 5.6 Representations and Warranties -- All Parties. The representations and warranties made by the Company, each of the Significant Subsidiaries or any other party to any of the Loan Documents under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents (excluding the Agents and the Lenders), and the representations and warranties of any of the foregoing which are contained in any certificate, document or financial or other statement furnished at any time hereunder or thereunder or in connection herewith or therewith shall have been true and correct in all material respects when made and shall be true and correct in all material respects on and as of the date of the making of the initial Advance hereunder. 5.7 Compliance with Certain Documents and Agreements. The Company and the Significant Subsidiaries (and any of their respective Subsidiaries or Affiliates) shall have each performed and complied with all agreements and conditions contained in this Agreement, the other Loan Documents, or any agreement or other document executed hereunder or thereunder and required to be performed or complied with by each of them (as of the applicable date) and none of such parties shall be in default in the performance or compliance with any of the terms or provisions hereof or thereof. 5.8 Opinion of Counsel. The Company and each of the Significant Subsidiaries shall furnish Agent, with signed copies for each Lender (and addressed to each of the Lenders), opinions of counsel given upon the express instructions of the Company and such Significant Subsidiaries, dated the date hereof, and covering such matters as required by and otherwise satisfactory in form and substance to the Agents and each of the Lenders. 54 5.9 Company's Certificate. The Agents shall have received a certificate of a responsible senior officer of Company, dated the date of the making of the initial Advances hereunder, stating that the conditions of paragraphs 5.1, 5.6, 5.7, 5.11, 5.12, 5.13 and 5.15(a) through (c) hereof have been fully satisfied. 5.10 Payment of Agent's and Other Fees. Company shall have paid to Agent, for distribution to the Lenders hereunder (based on the Percentages in effect under the Prior Credit Agreement) the Facility Fee accrued under the Prior Credit Agreement to the Effective Date of this Agreement. In addition, Company shall have paid to the Agents, for distribution to the Lenders hereunder based on the Percentages, the Closing Fee, and to the Agents (for Agents' sole accounts), the Agents Fees' and all costs and expenses required hereunder. 5.11 Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement. The Company and the applicable Significant Subsidiaries shall have executed and delivered the Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement (including all schedules, exhibits, certificates, opinions, financial statements and other documents to be delivered pursuant hereto) and the other Short Term Loan Documents to which each such Person is a party, and the Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement and the other Short Term Loan Documents shall be in full force and effect. 5.12 Outstanding Indebtedness Terminated. All indebtedness under the DM Loan Agreement and under the Prior Credit Agreement, together with all interest, all prepayment premiums and other amounts due and payable with respect thereto, shall have been paid in full (including, to the extent necessary, from proceeds of the initial Advance) and the related commitments terminated; and all Liens securing payment of any such indebtedness have been released. 5.13 TEMIC Acquisition. The Agent shall have received a certified copy (duly executed) of the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement, together with copies of the other material acquisition documents executed and delivered pursuant thereto. The TEMIC Acquisition Agreement shall be in form and substance satisfactory to the Agent and the Lenders and shall have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by each of the parties thereto and shall be in full force and effect. No term or provision of the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement shall have been modified, and no condition to consummation of the TEMIC Acquisition shall have been waived, in either case in a manner detrimental to the Company, by any of the parties thereto. The Company and the TEMIC Parties shall have in all material respects done and performed such acts and observed such covenants which each is required to do or perform under the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement and in order to consummate the TEMIC Acquisition on or prior to the Effective Date, and the TEMIC Acquisition shall have been consummated. 5.14 Regulation U Requirements. The Agent shall have received, on behalf of the Lenders, a purpose statement on FR Form U-1 referred to in Regulation U in form and substance satisfactory to the Agent and the Lenders to the extent required in connection with the TEMIC Acquisition or otherwise under applicable law. Furthermore, on or prior to the Effective Date, the Agent shall have completed (on behalf of each of the Lenders) a Federal Reserve Form U-1, such Form U-1 having 55 been reviewed and approved by each of the Lenders and otherwise being in form and substance satisfactory to Company and the Agent. 5.15 Other Documents and Instruments. The Agents shall have received, with a photocopy for each Lender, such other instruments and documents as the Required Lenders may reasonably request in writing in connection with the making of Advances or the issuing of any Letters of Credit hereunder, and all such instruments and documents shall be satisfactory in form and substance to the Agents and the Required Lenders. 5.16 Continuing Conditions. The obligations of the Lenders to make any of the Advances or loans or of the Agent to issue any Letters of Credit under this Agreement, including but not limited to the initial Advances of the Revolving Credit or the Swing Line hereunder, shall be subject to the following continuing conditions: (a) No Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing as of the making of the proposed Advance (both before and after giving effect thereto); (b) The representations and warranties contained in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects as of the making of the applicable Advance; and (c) There shall have been no material adverse change in the condition (financial or otherwise), properties, business, results or operations of the Company or its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) from December 31, 1997 (or any subsequent December 31st, if the Agent determines, with the concurrence of the Required Lenders, based on the Company's financial statements for such subsequent fiscal year that no material adverse change has occurred during such year, such determination being made solely for purposes of determining the applicable date under this paragraph) to the date of the proposed Advance hereunder. 6. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES Company and the Permitted Borrowers represent and warrant and such representations and warranties as applicable shall be deemed to be continuing representations and warranties during the entire life of this Agreement: 6.1 Corporate Existence. Each of the Company and each of the Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) is a corporation duly organized and validly existing in good standing under the laws of the applicable jurisdiction of organization, charter or incorporation; each of the Company and each of the Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) is duly qualified and authorized to do business as a corporation or foreign corporation in each jurisdiction where the character of its assets or the nature of its activities makes such qualification necessary, except where such failure to qualify and be authorized to do business will not have a material adverse impact on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 56 6.2 Due Authorization - Company. Execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the other Loan Documents, the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement, and any other documents and instruments required under or in connection with this Agreement, and extensions of credit to the Company are within its corporate powers, have been duly authorized, are not in contravention of law or the terms of the Company's articles of incorporation or bylaws, and, except as have been previously obtained or as referred to in Section 6.15, below, do not require the consent or approval, material to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or the Loan Documents, or the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement, of any governmental body, agency or authority. 6.3 Due Authorization -- Subsidiaries. Execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the other Loan Documents, and any other documents and instruments required under or in connection with this Agreement by each of the Significant Subsidiaries, and extensions of credit to Permitted Borrowers, are (or will be, on the applicable date of delivery of such Loan Documents) within their respective corporate powers, have been (or will be, as aforesaid) duly authorized, are not (or will not be, as aforesaid) in contravention of law or the terms of articles of incorporation or bylaws or other organic documents of the parties thereto, as applicable, and, except as have been previously obtained (or as referred to in Section 6.15, below), do not (or will not, as aforesaid) require the consent or approval, material to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or the other Loan Documents, or the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement, of any governmental body, agency or authority. 6.4 Title to Material Property. Each of the Company and each of the Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) has good and valid title to the Material Property owned by it, which property (individually or in the aggregate) is material to the business or operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, excluding imperfections in title not material to the ownership, use and/or enjoyment of any such property. 6.5 Encumbrances. There are no security interests in, Liens, mortgages or other encumbrances on and no financing statements on file with respect to any property of Company or any of the Subsidiaries, except for those Liens permitted under Section 8.5 hereof. 6.6 Subsidiaries. As of the Effective Date, there are no directly or indirectly owned Subsidiaries of the Company, except for those Subsidiaries identified in Schedule 6.6, attached hereto. 6.7 Taxes. The Company and its Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) each has filed on or before their respective due dates, all federal, state and foreign tax returns which are required to be filed or has obtained extensions for filing such tax returns and is not delinquent in filing such returns in accordance with such extensions and has paid all taxes which have become due pursuant to those returns or pursuant to any assessments received by any such party, as the case may be, to the extent such taxes have become due, except to the extent such tax payments are being actively contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and with respect to which adequate provision has been made on the books of the Company or its Subsidiaries, as applicable, as may be required by GAAP. 57 6.8 No Defaults. There exists no default under the provisions of any instrument evidencing any permitted Debt of the Company or its Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) or connected with any of the Permitted Company Encumbrances or the Permitted Encumbrances of the Subsidiaries, or of any agreement relating thereto, except where such default would not have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole and would not violate this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents according to the terms thereof. 6.9 Compliance with Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries each has complied with all applicable laws, including without limitation, Hazardous Material Laws, to the extent that failure to comply therewith would materially interfere with the conduct of the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, or would have a material adverse effect upon Company or any of its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, or upon any property (whether personal or real) owned by any of them. 6.10 Enforceability of Agreement and Loan Documents. (a) This Agreement and each of the other Loan Documents to which the Company is a party, including without limitation, the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement and all other certificates, agreements and documents executed and delivered by Company under or in connection herewith or therewith have each been duly executed and delivered by duly Authorized Officers of the Company and constitute the valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms, except as enforcement thereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, moratorium or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditor's rights generally and by general principles of equity (whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law). (b) This Agreement and each of the other Loan Documents to which any of the Subsidiaries is a party, and all certificates, documents and agreements executed in connection herewith or therewith by the Subsidiaries have each been duly executed and delivered by duly Authorized Officers of the applicable Subsidiary and constitute the valid and binding obligations of the Subsidiaries, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms, except as enforcement thereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, moratorium or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors' rights generally and by general principles of equity (whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law). 6.11 Non-contravention -- Company. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and any other documents and instruments required under or in connection with this Agreement by the Company are not in contravention of the terms of any indenture, material agreement or material undertaking to which the Company is a party or by which it or its properties are bound or affected, except to the extent such terms have been waived or are not material to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Loan Documents or the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement or to the financial performance of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 6.12 Non-contravention -- Other Parties. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, those other Loan Documents signed by any of the Subsidiaries, and any other documents 58 and instruments required under or in connection with this Agreement by any of the Subsidiaries are not in contravention of the terms of any indenture, material agreement or material undertaking to which any of the Subsidiaries is a party or by which it or its properties are bound or affected, except to the extent such terms have been waived or are not material to the transaction contemplated by this Agreement, the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement, and the other Loan Documents or to the financial performance of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 6.13 No Litigation -- Company. There is no suit, action, proceeding, including, without limitation, any bankruptcy proceeding, or governmental investigation pending against or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened or otherwise affecting the Company (other than any suit, action or proceeding in which the Company is the plaintiff and in which no counterclaim or cross-claim against Company has been filed), nor has the Company or any of its officers or directors been subject to any suit, action, proceeding or governmental investigation as a result of which any such officer or director is or may be entitled to indemnification by Company, except as otherwise disclosed in Schedule 6.13 attached hereto and except for miscellaneous suits, actions and proceedings which have a reasonable likelihood of being adversely determined, and which suits, if resolved adversely to the Company would not in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Except as so disclosed, there is not outstanding against the Company any judgment, decree, injunction, rule, or order of any court, government, department, commission, agency, instrumentality or arbitrator, nor, to the best knowledge of the Company, is the Company in violation of any applicable law, regulation, ordinance, order, injunction, decree or requirement of any governmental body or court where such violation would have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 6.14 No Litigation -- Other Parties. There is no suit, action, proceeding (other than any suit, action or proceeding in which any such party is the plaintiff and in which no counterclaim or cross-claim against any such party has been filed), including, without limitation, any bankruptcy proceeding, or governmental investigation pending against or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened or otherwise affecting any of the Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) nor has any such party or any of its officers or directors been subject to any suit, action, proceeding or governmental investigation as a result of which any such officer or director is or may be entitled to indemnification by such party, except as otherwise disclosed in Schedule 6.14 attached hereto and except for miscellaneous suits, actions and proceedings which have a reasonable likelihood of being adversely determined, which suits, if resolved adversely to such party, would not in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Except as so disclosed, there is not outstanding against any such party any judgment, decree, injunction, rule, or order of any court, government, department, commission, agency, instrumentality or arbitrator nor, to the best knowledge of the Company, is any such party in violation of any applicable law, regulation, ordinance, order, injunction, decree or requirement of any governmental body or court where such violation would have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 6.15 Consents, Approvals and Filings, Etc. Except as have been previously obtained, no authorization, consent, approval, license, qualification or formal exemption from, nor any filing, declaration or registration with, any court, governmental agency or regulatory authority or any 59 securities exchange or any other person or party (whether or not governmental) is required in connection with the execution, delivery and performance: (i) by the Company, of this Agreement, any of the other Loan Documents to which it is a party, the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement, or any other documents or instruments to be executed and/or delivered by the Company in connection therewith or herewith; or (ii) by each of the Subsidiaries, of this Agreement, the other Loan Documents to which it is a party or any other documents or instruments to be executed and/or delivered by the Subsidiaries in connection therewith or herewith. All such authorizations, consents, approvals, licenses, qualifications, exemptions, filings, declarations and registrations which have previously been obtained or made, as the case may be, are in full force and effect and are not the subject of any attack, or to the knowledge of the Company, threatened attack (in any material respect) by appeal or direct proceeding or otherwise. 6.16 Agreements Affecting Financial Condition. Neither the Company, nor any of its Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) is, as of the Effective Date, party to any agreement or instrument or subject to any charter or other corporate restriction which materially adversely affects the financial condition or operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 6.17 No Investment Company; No Margin Stock. None of the Company, nor any of the Subsidiaries is engaged principally, or as one of its important activities, directly or indirectly, in the business of extending credit for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock. Other than the acquisition of shares of Siliconix pursuant to the TEMIC Acquisition, none of the Letters of Credit and none of the proceeds of any of the Advances will be used by the Company or any of the Subsidiaries to purchase or carry margin stock or will be made available by the Company or any of the Subsidiaries in any manner to any other Person to enable or assist such Person in purchasing or carrying margin stock. Terms for which meanings are provided in Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any regulations substituted therefor, as from time to time in effect, are used in this paragraph with such meanings. None of the Company, nor any of the Subsidiaries is an "investment company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. 6.18 ERISA. Neither a Reportable Event which is material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, nor an Accumulated Funding Deficiency (herein as defined in Section 412 of the Internal Revenue Code or Section 302 of ERISA) has occurred during the five-year period prior to the date on which this representation is made or deemed made with respect to any Pension Plan. Each Pension Plan has complied in all material respects with the applicable provisions of ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code and any applicable regulations thereof (and, if applicable, any comparable foreign law provisions), except to the extent that any noncompliance, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a material adverse effect upon the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. No termination of a Pension Plan has occurred, and no Lien in favor of the PBGC or a Pension Plan has arisen, during such five-year period. Neither the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate has had a complete or partial withdrawal from any Multiemployer Plan within the five year period prior to the date of this Agreement, nor does the Company or any ERISA Affiliate presently intend to completely or partially withdraw from any Multiemployer Plan. To the best of Company's knowledge, no such Multiemployer Plan is in bankruptcy or reorganization or 60 insolvent. There is no pending or, to the best of Company's knowledge, threatened litigation or investigation questioning the form or operation of any Pension Plan, nor, to the best of the Company's knowledge, is there any basis for any such litigation or investigation which if adversely determined could have a material adverse effect upon the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as of the valuation date most closely preceding the date of this Agreement. 6.19 Environmental Matters and Safety Matters. (a) The Company and each Subsidiary (excluding TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) is in compliance with all federal, state, provincial and local laws, ordinances and regulations relating to safety and industrial hygiene or to the environmental condition, including without limitation all applicable Hazardous Materials Laws in jurisdictions in which the Company or any such Subsidiary owns or operates, a facility or site, or arranges for disposal or treatment of hazardous substances, solid waste, or other wastes, accepts for transport any hazardous substances, solid wastes or other wastes or holds any interest in real property or otherwise, except for matters which, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a material adverse effect upon the financial condition or business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. (b) All federal, state, provincial, local and foreign permits, licenses and authorizations required for present or (to the best of the Company's knowledge) past use of the facilities and other properties or activities of the Company and each Subsidiary (including the TEMIC Subsidiaries) have been obtained, are presently in effect, and there is and has been full compliance with all such permits, licenses or authorizations, except, in all cases, where the failure to comply with the foregoing would not have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole. (c) No demand, claim, notice, suit (in law or equity), action, administrative action, investigation or inquiry (including, without limitation, the listing of any property by any domestic or foreign governmental entity which identifies sites for remedial, clean-up or investigatory action) whether brought by any governmental authority, private person or entity or otherwise, arising under, relating to or in connection with any applicable Hazardous Materials Laws is pending or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (excluding TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) any real property in which the Company or any such Subsidiary holds or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, has held an interest or any present or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, past operation of the Company or any such Subsidiary, except for such matters which, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. (d) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (excluding TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) whether with respect to present or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, past operations or properties, (i) is, to the best of the Company's knowledge, the subject of any federal or state investigation evaluating whether any remedial action is needed to respond to a release of any toxic substances, radioactive materials, hazardous wastes or related materials into the environment, (ii) has received any notice of any toxic substances, radioactive materials, hazardous waste or related materials in, or upon any of its properties in violation of any 61 applicable Hazardous Materials Laws, or (iii) knows of any basis for any such investigation or notice, or for the existence of such a violation, except for such matters which, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. (e) No release, threatened release or disposal of hazardous waste, solid waste or other wastes is occurring or has occurred on, under or to any real property in which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (excluding TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) holds any interest or performs any of its operations, in violation of any applicable Hazardous Materials Laws, except for any such matters which, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 6.20 Accuracy of Information. Each of the Company's audited or unaudited financial statements furnished to Agents and the Lenders by the Company prior to the date of this Agreement (including without limitation any draft financial statements in respect of the reporting period ending December 31, 1997 furnished by the Company), is complete and correct in all material respects and fairly presents the financial condition of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, and the results of their operations for the periods covered thereby; any projections of operations for future years previously furnished by Company to Agents or the Lenders have been prepared as the Company's good faith estimate of such future operations, taking into account all relevant facts and matters known to Company; since December 31, 1997 there has been no material adverse change in the financial condition of the Company or its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; neither the Company, nor any of its Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) has any contingent obligations (including any liability for taxes) not disclosed by or reserved against in the December 31, 1997 balance sheet (a draft of which has been provided to the Lenders prior to the Effective Date) which is likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 7. AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers covenants and agrees that it will, and, as applicable, it will cause its Subsidiaries to, so long as any of the Lenders are committed to make any Advances or issue any Letters of Credit under this Agreement and thereafter so long as any Indebtedness remains outstanding under this Agreement: 7.1 Preservation of Existence, Etc. Except as otherwise specifically permitted hereunder, preserve and maintain its corporate existence and such of its rights, licenses, and privileges as are material to the business and operations conducted by it; and qualify and remain qualified to do business in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is material to the business and operations or ownership of properties, in each case of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 62 7.2 Keeping of Books. Keep proper books of record and account in which full and correct entries shall be made of all of its financial transactions and its assets and businesses so as to permit the presentation of financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. 7.3 Reporting Requirements. Furnish Agent with copies for each Lender: (a) as soon as possible, and in any event within five (5) calendar days after becoming aware of the occurrence of each Default or Event of Default, a written statement of the chief financial officer of the Company (or in his/her absence, a responsible senior officer) setting forth details of such Event of Default or event and the action which the Company has taken or has caused to be taken or proposes to take or cause to be taken with respect thereto; (b) as soon as available, and in any event within one hundred twenty (120) days after and as of the end of each of Company's fiscal years, a detailed Consolidated audit report of Company certified to by independent certified public accountants satisfactory to Lenders together with an unaudited Consolidating report of Company and its Subsidiaries certified by the chief financial officer of Company (or in his/her absence, a responsible senior officer) as to consistency (with prior financial reports and accounting periods), accuracy and fairness of presentation, and a Covenant Compliance Report; (c) as soon as available, and in any event within sixty (60) days after and as of the end of each of the first three quarters of each year, Consolidated and Consolidating balance sheet and statement of profit and loss and surplus reconciliation of Company and its Subsidiaries certified by the chief financial officer of Company (or in his/her absence, a responsible senior officer) as to consistency (with prior financial reports and accounting periods), accuracy and fairness of presentation, and a Covenant Compliance Report. (d) as soon as possible, and in any event within five (5) calendar days after becoming aware (i) of any material adverse change in the financial condition of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Permitted Borrowers, a certificate of the chief financial officer of Company (or in his/her absence, a responsible senior officer) setting forth the details of such change or (ii) of the taking by the Internal Revenue Service or any foreign taxing jurisdiction of a tax position (verbal or written) which could have a materially adverse effect upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or any such tax position taken by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) setting forth the details of such position and the financial impact thereof; (e)(i) so long as any material obligations of the TEMIC Parties under the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement are outstanding, the financial reports of the TEMIC Parties, if and to the extent provided to the Company, as and when received; and (ii), as soon as available, and in any event, within sixty (60) days after the date hereof, opening balance sheets and other financial reports of each of the Subsidiaries certified as aforesaid; 63 (f)(i) as soon as available, the Company's 8-K, 10-Q and 10-K Reports filed with the federal Securities and Exchange Commission, and in any event, with respect to the 10-Q Report, within sixty (60) days of the end of each of the Company's fiscal quarters, and with respect to the 10-K Report, within one hundred twenty (120) days after and as of the end of each of Company's fiscal years; (ii) as soon as available, copies of all filings, reports or other documents filed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with the federal Securities and Exchange Commission or other federal regulatory or taxing agencies or authorities in the United States, or comparable agencies or authorities in England, Canada, France, Germany, the Netherlands or Israel, or any stock exchanges in such jurisdictions; and (iii) as soon as available, so long as any obligations of the TEMIC Parties under the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement are outstanding, the 8-K (to the extent provided to or received by the Company), 10-Q, 10-K and all other filings by the TEMIC Parties with the federal Securities and Exchange Commission; (g) promptly as issued, all press releases, notices to shareholders and all other material communications transmitted (i) by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) by the TEMIC Parties so long as any obligations of the TEMIC Parties under the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement are outstanding (but only to the extent such communications are provided to the Company) to the general public or to the trade or industry in which the Company or the TEMIC Parties, as the case may be, is engaged; (h) together with the financial statements delivered pursuant to Section 7.3(b) hereof, annual financial projections for the Company and its Significant Subsidiaries covering the period at least through Revolving Credit Maturity Date then in effect and otherwise in form and content reasonably acceptable to the Agent and the Lenders; and (i) promptly, and in form to be satisfactory to Agent and the requesting Lender or Lenders, such other information as Agent or any of the Lenders (acting through Agent) may request from time to time. 7.4 Tangible Net Worth. Maintain, and cause its Subsidiaries to maintain, as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, beginning with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 1998, Tangible Net Worth which on a Consolidated basis will at no time be less than the greater of 85% of Tangible Net Worth on March 31, 1998 or Four Hundred Million ($400,000,000), plus the sum of the Net Income Adjustment and the Equity Offering Adjustment and plus or minus, as the case may be, the IC Adjustment. 7.5 Leverage Ratio. Maintain, as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, a Leverage Ratio of not more than 3.25 to 1.0. 7.6 Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio. Maintain, as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of not less than 2.0 to 1.0. 7.7 Inspections. Permit Agent and each Lender, through their authorized attorneys, accountants and representatives to examine Company's and each of the Subsidiaries' books, 64 accounts, records, ledgers and assets and properties of every kind and description wherever located at all reasonable times during normal business hours, upon oral or written request of Agent; and permit Agent and each Lender or their authorized representatives, at reasonable times and intervals, to visit all of its offices, discuss its financial matters with its officers and independent certified public accountants, and by this provision Company authorizes such accountants to discuss the finances and affairs of Company and its Subsidiaries (provided that Company is given an opportunity to participate in such discussions) and examine any of its or their books and other corporate records. An examination of the records or properties of Company or any of its Subsidiaries may require revealment of proprietary and/or confidential data and information, and the Agent and each of the Lenders agrees upon request of the inspected party to execute a confidentiality agreement (satisfactory to Agent or the inspecting Lender, as the case may be, and such party) on behalf of the Agent or such inspecting Lender and all parties making such inspections or examinations under its authorization; provided however that such confidentiality agreement shall not prohibit Agent from revealing such information to Lenders or prohibit the inspecting Lender from revealing such information to Agent or another Lender. 7.8 Taxes. Pay and discharge all taxes and other governmental charges, and all material contractual obligations calling for the payment of money, before the same shall become overdue, unless and to the extent only that such payment is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and is reserved for, as required by GAAP on its balance sheet, or where the failure to pay any such matter could not have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 7.9 Further Assurances. Execute and deliver or cause to be executed and delivered within a reasonable time following Agent's request, and at the Company's expense, such other documents or instruments as Agent may reasonably require to effectuate more fully the purposes of this Agreement or the other Loan Documents. 7.10 Insurance. Maintain insurance coverage on its physical assets and against other business risks in such amounts and of such types as are customarily carried by companies similar in size and nature, and in the event of acquisition of additional property, real or personal, or of occurrence of additional risks of any nature, increase such insurance coverage in such manner and to such extent as prudent business judgment and then current practice would dictate; and with all said policies or copies thereof, including all endorsements thereon and those required hereunder, to be deposited with the Agent. 7.11 Indemnification. With respect to the Company, indemnify and save each Agent and the Lenders harmless from all reasonable loss, cost, damage, liability or expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements, incurred by each of the Agents and the Lenders by reason of an Event of Default or enforcing the obligations of the Company or the Permitted Borrowers under this Agreement, or the other Loan Documents, or in the prosecution or defense of any action or proceeding concerning any matter growing out of or connected with this Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents or any mortgage, stock pledge or security agreement released by Agents or the Lenders from time to time hereunder, or relating in any way to the imposition (or attempted imposition) on Agents or Lenders (or any of them) of any liability for the violation of or 65 non-compliance by any Person (or purported violation or non-compliance) with Hazardous Material Laws, other than in any case resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of Agents or the Lenders; and, with respect to each of the Permitted Borrowers, indemnify and save each Agent and the Lenders harmless from all reasonable loss, cost, damage, liability or expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements, incurred by each of the Agents and the Lenders with respect to a Permitted Borrower by reason of an Event of Default or enforcing the obligations of the Permitted Borrowers under this Agreement, or the other Loan Documents or in the prosecution or defense of any action or proceeding concerning any matter growing out of or connected with this Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents or any mortgage, stock pledge or security agreement released by Agents or the Lenders from time to time hereunder, or relating in any way to the imposition (or attempted imposition) on Agents or Lenders (or any of them) of any liability for the violation of or non-compliance by any Person (or purported violation or non-compliance) with Hazardous Material Laws, other than in any case resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of Agents or the Lenders. 7.12 Governmental and Other Approvals. Apply for, obtain and/or maintain in effect, as applicable, all material authorizations, consents, approvals, licenses, qualifications, exemptions, filings, declarations and registrations (whether with any court, governmental agency, regulatory authority, securities exchange or otherwise) which are necessary in connection with the execution, delivery and performance: (i) by the Company, of this Agreement, the Loan Documents, or any other documents or instruments to be executed and/or delivered by the Company in connection therewith or herewith; and (ii) by each of the Significant Subsidiaries, of this Agreement and the Loan Documents. 7.13 Compliance with Contractual Obligations and Laws. Comply in all material respects with all Contractual Obligations, and with all applicable laws, rules, regulations and orders of any governmental authority, whether federal, state, local or foreign (including without limitation Hazardous Materials Laws), in effect from time to time, except to the extent that failure to comply therewith could not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on the business, operations, property or financial or other condition of the Company or the Permitted Borrowers and their respective Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, and could not reasonably be expected to materially adversely affect the ability of the Company or any of the Significant Subsidiaries to perform their respective obligations under any of the Loan Documents to which they are a party. 7.14 ERISA. Comply in all material respects with all requirements imposed by ERISA as presently in effect or hereafter promulgated or the Internal Revenue Code (or comparable laws in applicable jurisdictions outside the United States of America relating to foreign pension plans) and promptly notify Lenders upon the occurrence of any of the following events: (a) the termination of any Pension Plan pursuant to Subtitle C of Title IV of ERISA or otherwise (other than any defined contribution plan not subject to Section 412 of the Code and any Multiemployer Plan); 66 (b) the appointment of a trustee by a United States District Court to administer any Pension Plan pursuant to ERISA; (c) the commencement by the PBGC, or any successor thereto, of any proceeding to terminate any Pension Plan; (d) the failure of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate to make any payment in respect of any Pension Plan required under Section 412 of the Internal Revenue Code; (e) the withdrawal of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate from any Multiemployer Plan; (f) the occurrence of an Accumulated Funding Deficiency or a Reportable Event; or (g) the occurrence of a Prohibited Transaction which could have a material adverse effect upon the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 7.15 Environmental Matters. (a) (i) Not permit any of its property (whether real or personal, or any portion thereof) to be involved in the use, generation, manufacture, storage, disposal or transportation of Hazardous Material, except in compliance with Hazardous Material Laws, and (ii) keep and maintain all of its other property (whether real or personal, and any portion thereof) in compliance with, and shall not cause or permit any activity at or condition of the Collateral, or any of its other property (whether real or personal, or any portion thereof) to be in violation of any Hazardous Material Laws, unless the failure to comply therewith or violation thereof will not materially adversely affect the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. (b) Promptly notify the Agent in writing of: (i) any and all enforcement, cleanup, removal or other governmental or regulatory actions instituted or completed pursuant to any applicable Hazardous Material Laws; (ii) any and all claims made by any Person against the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, the Permitted Borrowers or the TEMIC Parties, or any of its other property (whether real or personal, or any portion thereof) relating to damage, contribution, cost recovery, compensation, loss or injury resulting from any Hazardous Material (provided that, until the TEMIC Acquisition, notification to Agent of claims against the TEMIC Parties shall not be required except for claims of which Company has actual knowledge) which could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; and (iii) Company's discovery of any occurrence or condition on any real property or fixtures constituting a part of, adjoining or in the vicinity of any of its property that could cause any such property (or any part thereof) to be subject to any material restrictions on the ownership, occupancy, transferability or use thereof under any Hazardous Material Laws. The Agent, on behalf of the Lenders, shall have the right to join and participate in, as a party if it or they so elect, any legal proceedings or actions initiated in connection with any of the matters described in subparagraphs 67 (b) (i) or (b) (ii), above, and the Company agrees to pay the Agent's reasonable attorneys fees in connection therewith. (c) Take any material remedial action as may be required under applicable law in response to the presence of any Hazardous Material on, under, or about any of its property (whether real or personal, or any part thereof), and, pursuant thereto, may enter into settlement agreements, consent decrees, or other compromises in respect of any of the matters described in subparagraphs (b) (i) through (iii), above, provided that, in each case, Company has given Lenders not less than thirty (30) days prior written notice thereof. (d) With respect to the properties and operations of TEMIC, commence and diligently proceed to completion with the necessary remedial, corrective or other actions identified in the Environmental Audits, as applicable, or as required under the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement, and cause the TEMIC Parties (to the extent of their respective obligations under the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement) to do so, according to the time periods specified therein, or if no time periods are so specified, as soon as reasonably practicable; provided that Company's obligations under this subparagraph (d) shall not reduce or otherwise affect Company's other obligations hereunder. (e) Agent may retain (on its own behalf and on behalf of the Lenders, but at Company's sole expense) such Environmental Auditors as reasonably necessary to evaluate and/or confirm Company's environmental responses, reports or other matters, including Company's compliance with Hazardous Material Laws generally, under this Section 7.15, or elsewhere herein. 7.16 Post-Closing Pledges and Guaranties; Future Subsidiaries. (a)(i) With respect to each Significant Foreign Subsidiary listed on Schedule 7.16 hereto, as soon as reasonably practicable, but in any event prior to the applicable date specified on Schedule 7.16, cause such Subsidiary to execute and deliver to the Agent a Joinder Agreement whereby such Foreign Subsidiary becomes obligated as a Guarantor under the Foreign Guaranty; and (ii) with respect to the share capital (or other ownership interests) of each Significant Foreign Subsidiary listed on Schedule 7.16 hereto as soon as reasonably practicable, but in any event prior to the applicable date specified on Schedule 7.16 hereto, but subject to the terms thereof, execute and deliver, or cause to be executed and delivered, to the Agent a Pledge encumbering, subject to Section 7.17 hereof, 65% of the share capital of each such Foreign Significant Subsidiary to secure the Indebtedness of the Company and the Domestic Permitted Borrowers and the Indebtedness (as such term is defined therein) of such parties under the Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement and 100% of the share capital of each such Significant Foreign Subsidiary to secure the Indebtedness (as such term is defined therein) of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers hereunder; in each case in form satisfactory to the Agent and the Required Lenders, in their reasonable discretion, together with such supporting documentation, including without limitation corporate authority items, certificates and opinions of counsel, as reasonably required by the Agent and the Required Lenders and the Company shall take, or cause to be taken, such steps as are necessary or advisable under applicable law to perfect the liens granted under clause (a)(ii) hereof. 68 (b) With respect to each Person which becomes a Significant Subsidiary subsequent to the Effective Date, within thirty days of the date such Person is created, acquired or otherwise becomes a Significant Subsidiary (whichever first occurs), cause such new Subsidiary to execute and deliver to the Agent (i) in the case of each Significant Domestic Subsidiary, a Joinder Agreement whereby such Significant Domestic Subsidiary becomes obligated as a Guarantor under the Domestic Guaranty and (ii) in the case of each Significant Foreign Subsidiary a Joinder Agreement whereby such Foreign Subsidiary becomes obligated as a Guarantor under the Foreign Guaranty; and (c) With respect to the share capital (or other ownership interests) of each Person, which becomes a Foreign Significant Subsidiary subsequent to the Effective Date, within sixty days of the date such Person is created, acquired or becomes a Significant Subsidiary (whichever first occurs), the Company shall execute, or cause to be executed, and deliver to the Agent a Pledge Agreement encumbering subject to Section 7.17 hereof, with a first priority Lien 65% of the share capital of each such Significant Foreign Subsidiary to secure the Indebtedness of the Company and the Domestic Permitted Borrowers and the Indebtedness (as such term is defined therein) of such parties under the Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement and 100% of the share capital of each such Foreign Significant Subsidiary to secure the Indebtedness of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers hereunder; (d) With respect to the share capital (or other ownership interests) of each Person, which becomes a Domestic Significant Subsidiary subsequent to the Effective Date, within thirty days of the date such Person is created, acquired or becomes a Significant Subsidiary (whichever first occurs), the Company shall execute, or cause to be executed, and deliver to the Agent a stock pledge encumbering hereof, 100% of the share capital of each such Significant Domestic Subsidiary to secure the Indebtedness of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers and the Indebtedness of such parties under the Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement; in each case in form satisfactory to the Agent and the Required Lenders, in their reasonable discretion, together with such supporting documentation, including without limitation corporate authority items, certificates and opinions of counsel, as reasonably required by the Agent and the Required Lenders and the Company shall take, or cause to be taken, such steps as are necessary or advisable under applicable law to perfect the liens granted under clauses (c) and (d) hereof. 7.17 Foreign Subsidiaries Security. If, following a change in the relevant sections of the Internal Revenue Code or the regulations, rules, rulings, notices or other official pronouncements issued or promulgated thereunder, counsel for the Company and the Permitted Borrowers acceptable to the Required Lenders does not within 30 days after a request from the Agent or the Required Lenders deliver evidence, in form and substance mutually satisfactory to the Required Lenders and the Company, that, with respect to each Significant Foreign Subsidiary whose entire share capital, to the extent owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company has not been encumbered in favor of the Lenders (a) a pledge of 66-2/3 % or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of capital stock of such Foreign Subsidiary entitled to vote and (b) the entering into a guaranty in substantially the form of the Domestic Guaranty by such Significant Foreign Subsidiary, in either such case would cause the undistributed earnings of such Significant Foreign Subsidiary as determined for 69 Federal income tax purposes to be treated as a deemed dividend to such Significant Foreign Subsidiary's United States parent for Federal income tax purposes, then in the case of a failure to deliver the evidence described in clause (a) above, that portion of such Significant Foreign Subsidiary's outstanding capital stock so issued by such Significant Foreign Subsidiary not theretofore pledged pursuant to a Pledge Agreement shall be pledged to the Agent for the benefit of the Lenders pursuant to a Pledge Agreement (or another pledge agreement in substantially similar form, if needed) and, in the case of failure to deliver the evidence described in clause (b) above, such Significant Foreign Subsidiary shall execute and deliver the Domestic Guaranty (or another guaranty in substantially the same form, if needed), in each case to the extent that entering into a Pledge Agreement or such Guaranty is permitted under the laws of the respective foreign jurisdiction and all such documents delivered pursuant to this Section 7.17 shall be satisfactory to the Required Lenders. 7.18 Siliconix. Within thirty (30) days after the Effective Date, cause Siliconix to become a Permitted Borrower hereunder by complying in all respects with the provisions with Section 2.1(b) hereof; upon the purchase or other acquisition of any additional shares of stock of Siliconix, shall cause such shares to be encumbered as security for the Indebtedness of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers according to the terms of the applicable Pledge Agreement; and within thirty (30) days of the date on which Siliconix shall become a 100% Subsidiary, cause Siliconix to become a party, by execution of a Joinder Agreement, to the Domestic Guaranty according to the requirements set forth in Section 7.16 hereof. 7.19 German Drop Down. Within one hundred eighty (180) days after the Effective Date, cause the German Drop Down to be completed, substantially on the basis set forth in Counsel's Memorandum and in all respects in compliance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement. 7.20 Vishay Israel. Within forty-five (45) days following the end of each fiscal year ending after the Effective Date, cause Vishay Israel to request from Israel's Comptroller of Foreign Exchange authorization to increase the limit on the Pledge Agreement executed and delivered by Vishay Israel encumbering the shares of Vishay Europe, to the extent of any increases after the Effective Date in the amount of Vishay Israel's investment in Vishay Europe and as soon as reasonably practicable following receipt of such approval, execute and deliver an amendment in form satisfactory to the Agent and the Required Lenders, in their reasonable discretion, together with such supporting documentation, including without limitation corporate authority items, certificates and opinions of counsel, as reasonably required by the Agent and the Required Lenders and the Company shall take, or cause to be taken, such steps as are necessary or advisable under applicable law to perfect the liens granted under such Pledge Agreement as amended thereby. 7.21 Use of Proceeds. The Advances of the Revolving Credit made to the Company or any Permitted Borrower shall be used by Company or such Permitted Borrower solely for general corporate purposes, including without limitation working capital and acquisitions (including the TEMIC Acquisition). None of the proceeds of the Advances made under this Agreement will be used in violation of any applicable law or regulation including, without limitation, Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. 70 8. NEGATIVE COVENANTS Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers covenant and agree that, so long as any of the Lenders are committed to make any Advances or issue any Letters of Credit under this Agreement and thereafter so long as any Indebtedness remains outstanding, it will not, and it will not allow its Subsidiaries, to: 8.1 Capital Structure, Business Objects or Purpose. Except as otherwise specifically permitted under this Agreement, (a) purchase, acquire or redeem any of its capital stock, except for non-vested stock granted to participants under the Vishay Stock Plans; and (b) make any material change in its capital structure or general business objects or purpose or enter into any business, directly or through any Subsidiary, except for those businesses in which the Company and its Subsidiaries are engaged on the date of this Agreement or other businesses in the electronic components industry or which are directly related thereto. 8.2 Limitations on Fundamental Changes. Enter into any transaction of merger, consolidation or amalgamation, or purchase or otherwise acquire or become obligated for the purchase of all or substantially all of the assets, business interests or shares of capital stock of any Person or in any other manner effectuate or attempt to effectuate an expansion of present business by acquisition or liquidate, wind up or dissolve itself (or suffer any liquidation or dissolution), or convey, sell, lease, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of, all, substantially all or any part of its property, business or assets, or make any material change in its present method of conducting business, except: (a) any Subsidiary may be merged or consolidated with or into the Company (so long as Company shall be the continuing or surviving corporation); any Domestic Subsidiary may be merged or consolidated with or into any 100% Domestic Subsidiary (so long as such 100% Domestic Subsidiary shall be the continuing or surviving corporation); and any Foreign Subsidiary may be merged or consolidated with or into any 100% Domestic Subsidiary or into any 100% Foreign Subsidiary (excluding Vishay Israel) so long as such 100% Domestic Subsidiary or such 100% Foreign Subsidiary shall be the continuing or surviving corporation); (b) any Subsidiary may sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of its assets (upon voluntary liquidation or otherwise) to the Company; (c) any Domestic Subsidiary may sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of its assets (upon voluntary liquidation or otherwise) to any other Domestic Subsidiary which is a 100% Subsidiary and any Foreign Subsidiary may sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of its assets (upon voluntary liquidation or otherwise) to any Domestic Subsidiary or to any other Foreign Subsidiary (excluding Vishay Israel), provided that such Subsidiary is a 100% Subsidiary; 71 (d) any Person other than a Subsidiary may merge or consolidate with and into the Company or any 100% Subsidiary (excluding Vishay Israel) so long as (i) the Company or such 100% Subsidiary shall be the surviving corporation and (ii) immediately before and immediately after giving effect to such merger or consolidation, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; (e) Permitted Transfers; (f) other sales, transfers or other dispositions of any assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries from and after the Effective Date in an aggregate amount not to exceed (i) 15% of Tangible Net Worth in any fiscal year and (ii) 20% of Tangible Net Worth for any period of three consecutive fiscal years (or portion thereof) beginning with fiscal year 1998, determined on the basis of Tangible Net Worth for the fiscal quarter ending immediately prior to the date of determination; (g) Permitted Acquisitions; and (h) the Permitted Siliconix Merger. 8.3 Guaranties. Guarantee, endorse, or otherwise become liable for or upon the obligations of others, except by endorsement of cash items for deposit in the ordinary course of business and except for (i) the Guaranties, (ii) the guaranties executed pursuant to the Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement, (iii) guaranties by the Company of Hedging Obligations entered into by any Foreign Subsidiary, (iv) performance guaranties given by Company pursuant to the TEMIC Acquisition Documents, and (v) guaranties of indebtedness as set forth on Schedule 8.3 attached hereto or as permitted under Section 8.7(f) hereof. 8.4 Debt. Become or remain obligated for any Debt for borrowed money, or for any Debt incurred in connection with the acquisition of any property, real or personal, tangible or intangible, except: (a) Indebtedness to Lenders (or their Affiliates) hereunder; (b) Indebtedness under the Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement; (c) current unsecured trade, utility or non-extraordinary accounts payable arising in the ordinary course of business and any unsecured letters of credit undertaken by such parties in the ordinary course of business outside the United States of America (and necessary under local customs and practices) to support such accounts payable; (d) purchase money Debt for fixed assets (including capitalized leases or other non-cancelable leases having a term of 12 months or longer), provided that the aggregate amount of all such purchase money Debt outstanding at any time shall not exceed seven and one-half percent (7.5%) of Tangible Net Worth; 72 (e) any Debt assumed pursuant to an acquisition conducted in compliance with this Agreement, provided that such Debt was not entered into, extended or renewed in contemplation of such acquisition and provided further that the aggregate amount of all such Debt at any time outstanding shall not exceed six percent (6%) of Tangible Net Worth; (f) Debt to third parties in an aggregate amount at any time outstanding not to exceed $55,000,000; provided that such Debt be issued and at all times maintained on a pari passu basis with the Indebtedness, or on a basis subordinate thereto, and pursuant to documentation containing covenants not more restrictive in the aggregate than the covenants contained in this Agreement (as determined by the Agent and Required Lenders in their reasonable discretion) and provided further, however, that immediately before and immediately after such Debt is incurred, and giving effect thereto, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing (it being understood that for purposes of this Section 8.4(f), the granting of Liens which are permitted under Section 8.5 hereof shall not be deemed to constitute the entry into more restrictive covenants or to be other than on a pari passu basis); (g) Intercompany Loans, but only to the extent permitted under the other applicable terms and limitations of this Agreement, including but not limited to Section 8.7 hereof; (h) unsecured Debt issued under Rule 144 of the Securities Act of 1933 or pursuant to a private placement in an aggregate amount for all such Debt issued under this subparagraph (but without giving effect to any repayments or principal reductions thereof) not to exceed Two Hundred Million Dollars ($200,000,000); provided that such Debt be issued and all times maintained on a pari passu basis with the Indebtedness, or on a basis subordinate thereto, and pursuant to documentation containing covenants not more restrictive in the aggregate than the covenants contained in this Agreement (as determined by the Agent and the Required Lenders in their reasonable discretion); provided further, however, that immediately before and immediately after such Debt is incurred, and giving effect thereto, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing; and provided further that prior to or concurrently with the issuance of such Debt, the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment is permanently reduced by an amount equal to not less than 75% of the proceeds of such Debt, net of normal and customary expenses of issuance payable to third parties; (i) unsecured Debt incurred by LPSC and not covered by a Guaranty Obligation, Hedging Obligations and Stock Option Plan Debt. 8.5 Liens. Permit or suffer any Lien to exist on any of its properties, real, personal or mixed, tangible or intangible, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, except: (a) Liens in favor of the Agent, as security for the Indebtedness hereunder, for the indebtedness under the Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement and for indebtedness under any Hedging Obligations; (b) purchase money security interests in fixed assets to secure purchase money Debt permitted under Section 8.4(d) hereof, provided that such security interest is created 73 substantially contemporaneously with the acquisition of such fixed assets and does not extend to any property other than the fixed assets so financed; (c) any lien securing third-party indebtedness assumed pursuant to any Permitted Acquisition conducted in compliance with this Agreement, provided that such lien is limited to the property so acquired and was not entered into, extended or renewed in contemplation of such acquisition; (d) Permitted Company Encumbrances and Permitted Encumbrances of the Subsidiaries; and (e) Liens securing Debt otherwise permitted hereunder, provided that the aggregate principal amount of all such Debt which is secured by a Lien shall not exceed Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000). 8.6 Dividends. Declare or pay any dividends on or make any other distribution with respect to (whether by reduction of Stockholder's Equity or otherwise) any shares of its capital stock, except for stock dividends and except for (a) cash dividends by any 100% Subsidiary to the Company or any other 100% Subsidiary which has executed a Guaranty hereunder, (b) dividends paid in cash or in kind by any Subsidiary which is not a 100% Subsidiary or by any Joint Venture, provided that such dividends are paid to each holder of share capital therein (including Company or any of its other Subsidiaries) on a pro rata basis (based on the relative amounts of share capital held by each such holder) and provided further that such dividends are paid to the Company or its other Subsidiaries on substantially the same (or better) terms as (and contemporaneously with) any dividends paid to Persons other than the Company and its Subsidiaries, (c) cash dividends by Vishay Europe which are reinvested in Vishay Europe by its shareholders in compliance with Section 8.7 hereof and (d) cash dividends by Vishay Electronic which are reinvested in Vishay Electronic by Vishay Europe in compliance with Section 8.7, hereof. 8.7 Investments. Make or allow to remain outstanding any investment (whether such investment shall be of the character of investment in shares of stock, evidences of indebtedness or other securities or otherwise) in, or any loans or advances to, any Person, firm, corporation or other entity or association, other than: (a) Company's equity ownership interests in the Subsidiaries as of the Effective Date; (b) Additional cash investment in Vishay Europe by its shareholders or in Vishay Electronic by Vishay Europe, which is applied by Vishay Europe or Vishay Electronic, as the case may be, concurrently with such investment to reduce its Indebtedness under this Agreement or the Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement, in substantially the amount of such additional investment; (c) The existing investments, loans and/or advances in or to Subsidiaries set forth on Schedule 8.7 hereto, in addition to any other matters set forth in this Section 8.7; 74 (d) Intercompany Loans, Advances, or Investments made on or after the Effective Date to Company, or by Company or any Subsidiary to Company or any 100% Subsidiary (excluding Vishay Israel), provided that both before and after giving effect to any such loans, advances or investments, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing under this Agreement; (e) Intercompany Loans, Advances or Investments made on or after the Effective Date by Company or any Subsidiary to Vishay Israel or to any Subsidiary which does not constitute a 100% Subsidiary other than Siliconix (provided that any Intercompany Loan included therein be evidenced by and funded under an Intercompany Note encumbered pursuant to a Pledge Agreement), without regard to any repayment of such loans, advances or investments (other than the repayment or recovery of capital or principal), provided that at the time any such loan, advance or investment is made (before and after giving effect thereto) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and provided further that the aggregate amount of all such loans, advances and investments shall not exceed, at any time outstanding, 10% of Tangible Net Worth; (f) Intercompany Loans to Siliconix, but only to the extent evidenced by and funded under an Intercompany Note encumbered pursuant to a Pledge Agreement, provided that both before and after giving effect to any such loans, advances or investments, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing under this Agreement; (g) loans, advances or investments made on or after the Effective Date (without regard to any repayment of such loans, advances or investments, other than the repayment of capital or principal) to any Joint Venture or other Person, including without limitation guaranties by the Company or any Subsidiary (valued on the basis of the aggregate amount of indebtedness covered by a guaranty) of third-party indebtedness of any such Joint Venture or other Person, which loans, advances or investments are not otherwise permitted under this Section 8.7, in an aggregate amount at any time outstanding not to exceed five percent (5%) of Tangible Net Worth; (h) the TEMIC Acquisition and the Remaining Siliconix Acquisition, subject in each case to the terms and conditions of this Agreement; (i) investments, whether by acquisition of shares of Capital Stock, indebtedness or other obligations or security of, any Person (other than a Subsidiary or an Affiliate) which is a customer of the Company or any Subsidiary, which investment was made in exchange for amounts owed by such customer to the Company or any Subsidiary (and incurred in the ordinary course of business) or as an advance on the provision of goods and services in the ordinary course of business; (j) Hedging Obligations and guaranties by the Company of Hedging Obligations entered into by any Foreign Subsidiary; and 75 (k) Permitted Investments. In valuing any investments, loans and advances for the purpose of applying the limitations set forth in this Section 8.7 (except as otherwise expressly provided herein), such investments, loans and advances shall be taken at the original cost thereof, without allowance for any subsequent write-offs or appreciation or depreciation therein, but less any amount repaid or recovered on account of capital or principal. 8.8 Accounts Receivable. Sell or assign any account, note or trade acceptance receivable, except to Agent on behalf of the Lenders. 8.9 Transactions with Affiliates. Enter into any transaction with any of its or their stockholders or officers or its or their affiliates, except in the ordinary course of business and on terms not less favorable than would be usual and customary in similar transactions between Persons dealing at arm's length. 8.10 Operations of Vishay Israel. Permit the normal manufacturing or other operations of Vishay Israel (or of Company or any of its other Subsidiaries conducted in Israel) to be interrupted, stopped or delayed for any period of fourteen (14) consecutive days, excluding regularly scheduled vacations and holidays in the ordinary course of such operations. 8.11 Prohibition Against Certain Restrictions. (a) Enter into or otherwise become subject to any agreement or arrangement (excluding this Agreement) with any lender or other third party (i) which prohibits, restricts or otherwise limits the ability of Company to make loans, advances or investments to its Subsidiaries or which prohibits, restricts or otherwise limits the ability of any Subsidiary to make loans, advances or investments in any other Subsidiary (ii) which prohibits, restricts or otherwise limits the ability of any Subsidiary to declare or pay any dividends on or make any other distribution with respect to any shares of its capital stock, or (iii) which prohibits, restricts or otherwise limits the execution, delivery or performance by Company or any Subsidiary of any guaranty, indemnity or similar undertaking in favor of Agent or the Lenders. (b) Enter into any agreement, document or instrument which would restrict or prevent Company and its Subsidiaries from granting Agent on behalf of Lenders liens upon, security interests in and pledges of their respective assets which are senior in priority to all other Liens. 8.12 Amendment of the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement or Lite-On Documents. Amend, modify or otherwise alter (or suffer to be amended, modified or altered) any of the material terms and conditions of the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement or the Lite-On Documents in any respect which is materially adverse to the Company, as determined by Company in its reasonable discretion, without the prior written approval of Agent and the Required Lenders; provided that promptly following any amendment to any of such documents, Company shall provide Agent with copies of such amendments, for distribution to the Lenders. 76 9. DEFAULTS 9.1 Events of Default. Any of the following events is an "Event of Default": (a) non-payment when due of the principal or interest of any Advance in accordance with the terms thereof or of any reimbursement obligation under Section 3.6 hereof, and in the case of interest payments, continuance thereof for three (3) days; (b) default in the payment of any money by Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers under this Agreement (other than as set forth in subsection (a), above) or the other Loan Documents, and continuance thereof for three (3) days of the date the same is due and payable; (c) default in the observance or performance of any of the other conditions, covenants or agreements set forth in this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents by any party thereto (provided that, with respect to the covenants set forth in Sections 7.8, 7.10, 7.12, 7.13 and 7.14 hereof, such event has continued for thirty (30) consecutive days) or the occurrence of any other default or Event of Default, as the case may be hereunder or thereunder; (d) any representation or warranty made by Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers herein or in any instrument submitted pursuant hereto or by any other party to the Loan Documents proves untrue in any material adverse respect when made; provided that, with respect to any misrepresentation or breach of warranty arising subsequent to the date hereof under Sections 6.7, 6.8, 6.13 through 6.15 and 6.18 of this Agreement solely by virtue of the nature of the representations and warranties hereunder as continuing, (i) as to Section 6.8, hereof, any applicable cure period existing in respect of such matters shall have expired and (ii) as to the remaining Sections of this Agreement specified in this subparagraph (d), such misrepresentation or breach of warranty hereunder shall have continued for a period of thirty (30) consecutive days; (e) any provision of any Guaranty, or any Pledge Agreement shall at any time for any reason (other than in accordance with its terms or the terms of this Agreement) cease to be valid and binding and enforceable against the Company or the Significant Subsidiaries, as applicable, or the validity, binding effect or enforceability thereof shall be contested by any Person, or the Company or any of the Significant Subsidiaries shall deny that it has any or further liability or obligation under any Guaranty, or any Pledge Agreement, as applicable, or any Guaranty, or any Pledge Agreement shall be terminated, invalidated or set aside or in any way cease to give or provide to the Lenders and the Agent the benefits purported to be created thereby; (f) default in the payment of any other obligation of Company, its Subsidiaries or any of the Permitted Borrowers for borrowed money in excess of Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000) (or the equivalent thereof in an Alternative Currency), individually or in the aggregate; or default in the observance or performance of any conditions, covenants or 77 agreements related or given with respect to any other obligations for borrowed money in an aggregate amount in excess of Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000) (or the equivalent thereof in an Alternative Currency), which is sufficient to permit the holder thereof to accelerate the maturity of such obligation; (g) the rendering of any judgment or judgments for the payment of money in excess of the sum of Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000) (or the Alternative Currency equivalent thereof) in the aggregate against Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Permitted Borrowers, and such judgments shall remain unpaid, unvacated, unbonded or unstayed by appeal or otherwise for a period of thirty (30) consecutive days, except as covered by adequate insurance with a reputable carrier and an action is pending in which an active defense is being made with respect thereto; (h) any Person shall engage in any Prohibited Transaction involving any Pension Plan, (ii) any Accumulated Funding Deficiency, whether or not waived, shall exist with respect to any Pension Plan or any Lien in favor of the PBGC or a Pension Plan shall arise on the assets of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate, (iii) a Reportable Event shall occur with respect to, or proceedings shall commence to have a trustee appointed, or a trustee shall be appointed, to administer or to terminate, any Single Employer Plan, (iv) any Single Employer Plan shall terminate for purposes of Title IV of ERISA or (v) the Company or any ERISA Affiliate shall, or in the reasonable opinion of the Required Lenders is likely to, incur any liability in connection with a withdrawal from, or the insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of, a Multiemployer Plan and in each case in clauses (i) through (v) above, (x) a period of sixty (60) days, or more, has elapsed from the occurrence of such event or condition and (y) such event or condition, together with all other such events or conditions, if any, could reasonably be expected to subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any tax, penalty or other liabilities in the aggregate material in relation to the business, operations, property or financial or other condition of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (i) (A) any one Person or group of Persons acting in concert shall acquire or control, directly or indirectly, whether by ownership, proxy, voting trust or otherwise, twenty percent (20%) or more of the voting power of the issued and outstanding stock of Company, other than (x) any Person or group of Persons beneficially owning, directly or indirectly, as of the date hereof capital stock of the Company with twenty percent (20%) or more of such voting power or (y) any Permitted Transferee; or (B) individuals who constitute the Continuing Directors cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Company's directors (for purposes of this Section 9.1(i)(B), "Continuing Director" means any director who is currently a director and any director who is nominated or elected by a majority of Continuing Directors who are then directors); (j) If a creditors' committee shall have been appointed for the business of Company or any of its Subsidiaries; or if Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall have made a general assignment for the benefit of creditors or shall have been adjudicated bankrupt, or shall have filed a voluntary petition in bankruptcy or for reorganization or to effect a plan 78 or arrangement with creditors or shall fail to pay its debts generally as such debts become due in the ordinary course of business (except as contested in good faith and for which adequate reserves are made in such party's financial statements); or shall file an answer to a creditor's petition or other petition filed against it, admitting the material allegations thereof for an adjudication in bankruptcy or for reorganization; or shall have applied for or permitted the appointment of a receiver or trustee or custodian for any of its property or assets; or such receiver, trustee or custodian shall have been appointed for any of its property or assets (otherwise than upon application or consent of Company, or any of its Subsidiaries) and such appointment has not been dismissed or stayed within thirty (30) days from the date of appointment or if an order for relief or otherwise approving any petition for reorganization of Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall be entered; or if an involuntary petition is filed against Company or any of its Subsidiaries and shall not be dismissed or stayed within thirty (30) days from the date of filing thereof. 9.2 Exercise of Remedies. If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing hereunder: (a) the Agent shall, if directed to do so by the Required Lenders, declare any commitment of the Lenders to extend credit hereunder immediately terminated; (b) the Agent shall, if directed to do so by the Required Lenders, declare the entire unpaid Indebtedness immediately due and payable, without presentment, notice or demand, all of which are hereby expressly waived by Company and the Permitted Borrowers; (c) upon the occurrence of any Event of Default specified in Section 9.1(j) above, and notwithstanding the lack of any declaration by Agent under the preceding clause (a) or (b), the Lenders' commitments to extend credit hereunder shall immediately and automatically terminate and the entire unpaid Indebtedness shall become automatically due and payable without presentment, notice or demand; (d) the Agent shall, upon being directed to do so by the Required Lenders, demand immediate delivery of cash collateral, and the Company and each Account Party agree to deliver such cash collateral upon demand, in an amount equal to the maximum amount that may be available to be drawn at any time prior to the stated expiry of all outstanding Letters of Credit; and (e) the Agent shall, if directed to do so by the Required Lenders or the Lenders, as applicable (subject to the terms hereof), exercise any remedy permitted by this Agreement, the other Loan Documents or law. 9.3 Rights Cumulative. No delay or failure of Agent and/or Lenders in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder shall affect such right, power or privilege, nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof, or the exercise of any other power, right or privilege. The rights of Lenders under this Agreement are cumulative and not exclusive of any right or remedies which Lenders would otherwise have. 9.4 Waiver by Company and Permitted Borrowers of Certain Laws; JURY WAIVER. To the extent permitted by applicable law, Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers hereby agree to waive, and do hereby absolutely and irrevocably waive and relinquish the benefit and advantage of any valuation, stay, appraisement, extension or redemption laws now existing or which may hereafter exist, which, but for this provision, might be applicable to any sale made under the judgment, order or decree of any court, on any claim for interest on any principal of any Advance, AND FURTHER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AGREE TO WAIVE THE RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY WITH RESPECT TO ANY AND ALL ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS IN WHICH 79 AGENT OR THE LENDERS (OR ANY OF THEM), ON THE ONE HAND, AND THE COMPANY OR ANY OF THE PERMITTED BORROWERS, ON THE OTHER HAND, ARE PARTIES, WHETHER OR NOT SUCH ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS ARISE OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS, OR OTHERWISE. These waivers have been voluntarily given, with full knowledge of the consequences thereof. 9.5 Waiver of Defaults. No Event of Default shall be waived by the Lenders except in a writing signed by an officer of the Agent in accordance with Section 13.11 hereof. No single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege hereunder, nor any delay in the exercise thereof, shall preclude any other or further exercise of the Lenders' rights by Agent. No waiver of any Event of Default shall extend to any other or further Event of Default. No forbearance on the part of the Agent in enforcing any of the Lenders' rights shall constitute a waiver of any of their rights. Company and the Permitted Borrowers expressly agree that this Section may not be waived or modified by the Lenders or Agent by course of performance, estoppel or otherwise. 9.6 Cross-Default. In addition to the other Events of Default specified herein, any default in the observance, payment or performance of or failure to comply with, after allowance for any applicable cure period, any of the conditions, covenants or agreements of Company or the Permitted Borrowers under the Short Term Credit Agreement or any of the other Short Term Loan Documents, or any security agreements in relation thereto, shall be an Event of Default under the provisions of this Agreement entitling Agent, with the consent of the Required Lenders (without notice or any cure period except as expressly provided herein or therein), to exercise any and all rights and remedies provided hereby. Any Event of Default shall also constitute a default under all other instruments securing this or any other present or future borrowings, or any agreements in relation thereto, entitling Agent and the Lenders to exercise any and all rights and remedies provided therein. 10. PAYMENTS, RECOVERIES AND COLLECTIONS. 10.1 Payment Procedure. (a) All payments by Company and/or by any of the Permitted Borrowers of principal of, or interest on, Advances of the Revolving Credit or the Swing Line or of Letter of Credit Obligations or Fees shall be made without setoff or counterclaim on the date specified for payment under this Agreement not later than 11:00 a.m. (Detroit time) in Dollars in immediately available funds to Agent, for the ratable account of the Lenders, at Agent's office located at One Detroit Center, Detroit, Michigan 48226, in respect of Domestic Advances or Fees payable in Dollars. Payments made in respect of any Advance in any Alternative Currency or any Fees payable in any Alternative Currency shall be made in such Alternative Currency in immediately available funds for the account of Agent's Eurocurrency Lending Office, at the Agent's Correspondent, for the ratable account of the Lenders, not later than 11:00 a.m. (the time of Agent's Correspondent). Upon receipt of each such payment, the Agent shall make prompt payment to each Lender, or, in respect of Eurocurrency-based Advances, such Lender's Eurocurrency Lending Office, in like funds and currencies, of all amounts received by it for the account of such Lender. 80 (b) Unless the Agent shall have been notified by the Company prior to the date on which any payment to be made by the Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers is due that the Company or such Permitted Borrower does not intend to remit such payment, the Agent may, in its discretion, assume that the Company or such Permitted Borrower has remitted such payment when so due and the Agent may, in reliance upon such assumption, make available to each Lender on such payment date an amount equal to such Lender's share of such assumed payment. If the Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers has not in fact remitted such payment to the Agent, each Lender shall forthwith on demand repay to the Agent in the applicable currency the amount of such assumed payment made available to such Lender, together with the interest thereon, in respect of each day from and including the date such amount was made available by the Agent to such Lender to the date such amount is repaid to the Agent at a rate per annum equal to (i) for Prime-based Advances, the Federal Funds Effective Rate, as the same may vary from time to time, and (ii) with respect to Eurocurrency-based Advances, Agent's aggregate marginal cost (including the cost of maintaining any required reserves or deposit insurance and of any fees, penalties, overdraft charges or other costs or expenses incurred by Agent) of carrying such amount. (c) Whenever any payment to be made hereunder (other than payments in respect of any Eurocurrency-based Advance or a Quoted Rate Advance) shall otherwise be due on a day which is not a Business Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day and such extension of time shall be included in computing interest, if any, in connection with such payment. Whenever any payment of principal of, or interest on, a Eurocurrency-based Advance or a Quoted Rate Advance shall be due on a day which is not a Business Day the date of payment thereof shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day unless as a result thereof it would fall in the next calendar month, in which case it shall be shortened to the next preceding Business Day and, in the case of a payment of principal, interest thereon shall be payable for such extended or shortened time, if any. (d) All payments to be made by the Company or the Permitted Borrowers under this Agreement (including without limitation payments under the Swing Line) shall be made without set-off or counterclaim, as aforesaid, and without deduction for or on account of any present or future withholding or other taxes of any nature imposed by any governmental authority or of any political subdivision thereof or any federation or organization of which such governmental authority may at the time of payment be a member, unless Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers, as the case may be, is compelled by law to make payment subject to such tax. In such event, Company and such Permitted Borrower shall: (i) pay to the Agent for Agent's own account and/or, as the case may be, for the account of the Lenders (and, in the case of any Swing Line Advances, pay to the Swing Line Bank which funded such Advances) such additional amounts as may be necessary to ensure that the Agent and/or such Lender or Lenders receive a net amount in the applicable Permitted Currency equal to the full amount which would have been receivable had payment not been made subject to such tax; and 81 (ii) remit such tax to the relevant taxing authorities according to applicable law, and send to the Agent such certificates or certified copy receipts as the Agent or any Lender shall reasonably require as proof of the payment by the Company or such Permitted Borrower of any such taxes payable by the Company or such Permitted Borrower. As used herein, the terms "tax", "taxes" and "taxation" include all taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees, deductions and withholdings and any restrictions or conditions resulting in a charge together with interest (and any taxes payable upon the amounts paid or payable pursuant to this Section 10.1) thereon and fines and penalties with respect thereto which may be imposed by reason of any violation or default with respect to the law regarding such tax, assessed as a result of or in connection with the transactions in any Alternative Currency hereunder, or the payment and/or receipt of funds in any Alternative Currency hereunder, or the payment or delivery of funds into or out of any jurisdiction other than the United States (whether assessed against Company, the Permitted Borrower, Agent or any of the Lenders). 10.2 Application of Proceeds. Subject to the Pledge Agreements, but notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or other Loan Document, after an Event of Default, the proceeds of any offsets, voluntary payments by the Company or the Permitted Borrowers or others and any other sums received or collected in respect of the Indebtedness, shall be applied, first, to payment of principal and interest of outstanding Advances and of any reimbursement obligations under Section 3.6 hereof in such order and manner as determined by the Required Lenders (subject, however, to the applicable Percentages of the Revolving Credit held by each of the Lenders), next, to any other Indebtedness on a pro rata basis, and then, if there is any excess, to the Company or the Permitted Borrowers, as the case may be. The application of such proceeds and other sums to the outstanding Indebtedness hereunder shall be based on each Lender's Percentage of the aggregate Indebtedness. 10.3 Pro-rata Recovery. If any Lender shall obtain any payment or other recovery (whether voluntary, involuntary, by application of offset or otherwise) on account of principal of, or interest on, any of the outstanding Advances (or on account of its participation in any Letter of Credit) in excess of its pro rata share of payments then or thereafter obtained by all Lenders upon principal of and interest on all outstanding Advances (or such participation), such Lender shall purchase from the other Lenders such participations in the outstanding Advances (or subparticipations in the Letters of Credit) held by them as shall be necessary to cause such purchasing Lender to share the excess payment or other recovery ratably in accordance with the Percentages of the Revolving Credit with each of them; provided, however, that if all or any portion of the excess payment or other recovery is thereafter recovered from such purchasing holder, the purchase shall be rescinded and the purchase price restored to the extent of such recovery, but without interest. 10.4 Set Off. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default, each Lender may at any time and from time to time, without notice to the Company but subject to the provisions of Section 10.3 hereof, (any requirement for such notice being expressly waived by the Company) set off and apply against any and all of the obligations of the Company or any Permitted Borrower now or hereafter existing under this Agreement, whether owing to such Lender 82 or any other Lender or the Agent, any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) at any time held and other indebtedness at any time owing by such Lender to or for the credit or the account of the Company or such Permitted Borrower and any property of the Company or such Permitted Borrower from time to time in possession of such Lender, irrespective of whether or not such deposits held or indebtedness owing by such Lender may be contingent and unmatured. Promptly following any such setoff, such Lender shall give written notice to Agent and to Company and the applicable Permitted Borrower of the occurrence thereof. Each of the Company and each Permitted Borrower hereby grants to the Lenders and the Agent a lien on and security interest in all such deposits, indebtedness and property as collateral security for the payment and performance of all of the obligations of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers under this Agreement. The rights of each Lender under this Section 10.4 are in addition to the other rights and remedies (including, without limitation, other rights of setoff) which such Lender may have. 11. CHANGES IN LAW OR CIRCUMSTANCES; INCREASED COSTS. 11.1 Reimbursement of Prepayment Costs. If Company or any Permitted Borrower makes any payment of principal with respect to any Eurocurrency-based Advance or Quoted Rate Advance on any day other than the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto (whether voluntarily, by acceleration, or otherwise), or if Company or any Permitted Borrower converts or refunds (or attempts to convert or refund) any such Advance on any day other than the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto; or if Company or any Permitted Borrower fails to borrow, refund or convert into any Eurocurrency-based Advance or Quoted Rate Advance after notice has been given by Company or such Permitted Borrower to Agent in accordance with the terms hereof requesting such Advance, or if Company or any Permitted Borrower fails to make any payment of principal or interest in respect of a Eurocurrency-based Advance or Quoted Rate Advance when due, Company and the applicable Permitted Borrower shall reimburse Agent for itself and/or on behalf of any Lender, as the case may be, on demand for any resulting loss, cost or expense incurred (excluding the loss of any Applicable Margin) by Agent and Lenders, as the case may be as a result thereof, including, without limitation, any such loss, cost or expense incurred in obtaining, liquidating, employing or redeploying deposits from third parties, whether or not Agent and Lenders, as the case may be, shall have funded or committed to fund such Advance. Such amount payable by Company to Agent for itself and/or on behalf of any Lender, as the case may be, may include, without limitation, an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (a) the amount of interest which would have accrued on the amount so prepaid, or not so borrowed, refunded or converted, for the period from the date of such prepayment or of such failure to borrow, refund or convert, through the last day of the relevant Interest Period, at the applicable rate of interest for said Advance(s) provided under this Agreement, over (b) the amount of interest (as reasonably determined by Agent and Lenders, as the case may be) which would have accrued to Agent and Lenders, as the case may be, on such amount by placing such amount on deposit for a comparable period with leading banks in the interbank eurocurrency market. Calculation of any amounts payable to any Lender under this paragraph shall be made as though such Lender shall have actually funded or committed to fund the relevant Advance through the purchase of an underlying deposit in an amount equal to the amount of such Advance and having a maturity comparable to the relevant Interest Period; provided, however, that any Lender may fund any Eurocurrency-based Advance or Quoted Rate Advance, as the case may be, in any manner it deems fit and the foregoing assumptions shall be utilized only for the purpose 83 of the calculation of amounts payable under this paragraph. Upon the written request of Company, Agent and Lenders shall deliver to Company a certificate setting forth the basis for determining such losses, costs and expenses, which certificate shall be conclusively presumed correct, absent manifest error. 11.2 Eurocurrency Lending Office. For any Advance to which the Eurocurrency-based Rate is applicable, if Agent or a Lender, as applicable, shall designate a Eurocurrency Lending Office which maintains books separate from those of the rest of Agent or such Lender, Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, shall have the option of maintaining and carrying the relevant Advance on the books of such Eurocurrency Lending Office. 11.3 Availability of Alternative Currency. The Agent and the Lenders shall not be required to make any Advance in an Alternative Currency if, at any time prior to making such Advance, the Agent or the Required Lenders (after consultation with Agent) shall determine, in its or their sole discretion, that (i) deposits in the applicable Alternative Currency in the amounts and maturities required to fund such Advance will not be available to the Agent and the Lenders; (ii) a fundamental change has occurred in the foreign exchange or interbank markets with respect to the applicable Alternative Currency (including, without limitation, changes in national or international financial, political or economic conditions or currency exchange rates or exchange controls); or (iii) it has become otherwise materially impractical for the Agent or the Lenders, as applicable, to make such Advance in the applicable Alternative Currency. The Agent or the applicable Lender, as the case may be, shall promptly notify the Company and Lenders of any such determination. 11.4 Refunding Advances in Same Currency. If pursuant to any provisions of this Agreement, the Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers repays one or more Advances and on the same day borrows an amount in the same currency, the Agent (or the Swing Line Bank, in the case of a Swing Line Advance) shall apply the proceeds of such new borrowing to repay the principal of the Advance or Advances being repaid and only an amount equal to the difference (if any) between the amount being borrowed and the amount being repaid shall be remitted by the Agent to the Company or such Permitted Borrower, or by the Company or such Permitted Borrower to the Agent, as the case may be. 11.5 Circumstances Affecting Eurocurrency-based Rate Availability. If with respect to any Interest Period, Agent or the Required Lenders (after consultation with Agent) shall determine that, by reason of circumstances affecting the foreign exchange and interbank markets generally, deposits in eurodollars or in any applicable Alternative Currency, as the case may be, in the applicable amounts are not being offered to the Agent or such Lenders for such Interest Period, then Agent shall forthwith give notice thereof to the Company and the Permitted Borrowers. Thereafter, until Agent notifies Company and the Permitted Borrowers that such circumstances no longer exist, (i) the obligation of Lenders to make Eurocurrency-based Advances (other than in any applicable Alternative Currency with respect to which deposits are available, as required hereunder), and the right of Company and the Permitted Borrowers to convert an Advance to or refund an Advance as a Eurocurrency-based Advance, as the case may be (other than in any applicable Alternative Currency with respect to which deposits are available, as required hereunder), shall be suspended, and (ii) the Company and the Permitted Borrowers shall repay in full (or cause to be repaid in full) 84 the then outstanding principal amount of each such Eurocurrency-based Advance covered hereby in the applicable Permitted Currency, together with accrued interest thereon, any amounts payable under Sections 11.1 and 11.8 hereof, and all other amounts payable hereunder on the last day of the then current Interest Period applicable to such Advance. Upon the date for repayment as aforesaid and unless Company notifies Agent to the contrary within two (2) Business Days after receiving a notice from Agent pursuant to this Section, such outstanding principal amount shall be converted to a Prime-based Advance as of the last day of such Interest Period. 11.6 Laws Affecting Eurocurrency-based Advance Availability. If, after the date of this Agreement, the introduction of, or any change in, any applicable law, rule or regulation or in the interpretation or administration thereof by any governmental authority charged with the interpretation or administration thereof, or compliance by any of the Lenders (or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices) with any request or directive (whether or not having the force of law) of any such authority, shall make it unlawful or impossible for any of the Lenders (or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices) to honor its obligations hereunder to make or maintain any Advance with interest at the Eurocurrency-based Rate, or in an Alternative Currency, such Lender shall forthwith give notice thereof to Company and to Agent. Thereafter, (a) the obligations of Lenders to make Eurocurrency-based Advances or Advances in any such Alternative Currency and the right of Company or any Permitted Borrower to convert an Advance into or refund an Advance as a Eurocurrency-based Advance or as an Advance in any such Alternative Currency shall be suspended and thereafter Company and the Permitted Borrowers may select as Applicable Interest Rates or as Alternative Currencies only those which remain available and which are permitted to be selected hereunder, and (b) if any of the Lenders may not lawfully continue to maintain an Advance to the end of the then current Interest Period applicable thereto as a Eurocurrency-based Advance or in such Alternative Currency, the applicable Advance shall immediately be converted to a Prime-based Advance (in the Dollar Amount thereof) and the Prime-based Rate shall be applicable thereto for the remainder of such Interest Period. For purposes of this Section, a change in law, rule, regulation, interpretation or administration shall include, without limitation, any change made or which becomes effective on the basis of a law, rule, regulation, interpretation or administration presently in force, the effective date of which change is delayed by the terms of such law, rule, regulation, interpretation or administration. 11.7 Increased Cost of Eurocurrency-based Advances. If the adoption after the date of this Agreement of, or any change after the date of this Agreement in, any applicable law, rule or regulation of or in the interpretation or administration thereof by any governmental authority, central bank or comparable agency charged with the interpretation or administration thereof, or compliance by Agent or any of the Lenders (or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices) with any request or directive (whether or not having the force of law) made by any such authority, central bank or comparable agency after the date hereof: (a) shall subject any of the Lenders (or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices) to any tax, duty or other charge with respect to any Advance or shall change the basis of taxation of payments to any of the Lenders (or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices) of the principal of or interest on any Advance or any other amounts due under this Agreement in respect thereof (except for changes in the rate of tax 85 on the overall net income of any of the Lenders or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices imposed by the jurisdiction in which such Lender's principal executive office or Eurocurrency Lending Office is located); or (b) shall impose, modify or deem applicable any reserve (including, without limitation, any imposed by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System), special deposit or similar requirement against assets of, deposits with or for the account of, or credit extended by, any of the Lenders (or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices) or shall impose on any of the Lenders (or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices) or the foreign exchange and interbank markets any other condition affecting any Advance; and the result of any of the foregoing is to increase the costs to any of the Lenders of maintaining any part of the Indebtedness hereunder as a Eurocurrency-based Advance or as an Advance in any Alternative Currency or to reduce the amount of any sum received or receivable by any of the Lenders under this Agreement in respect of a Eurocurrency-based Advance or any Advance in an Alternative Currency, whether with respect to Advances to Company or to any of the Permitted Borrowers, then such Lender shall promptly notify Agent (or, in the case of a Swing Line Advance, shall notify Company and the applicable Permitted Borrower directly, with a copy of such notice to Agent), and Agent (or such Lender, as aforesaid) shall promptly notify Company and Permitted Borrowers of such fact and demand compensation therefor and, within fifteen (15) days after such notice, Company agrees to pay to such Lender such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender or Lenders for such increased cost or reduction. Agent will promptly notify Company and the Permitted Borrowers of any event of which it has knowledge which will entitle Lenders to compensation pursuant to this Section, or which will cause Company or Permitted Borrowers to incur additional liability under Sections 11.1 and 11.8 hereof, provided that Agent shall incur no liability whatsoever to the Lenders, Company or Permitted Borrowers in the event it fails to do so. A certificate of Agent (or such Lender, if applicable) setting forth the basis for determining such additional amount or amounts necessary to compensate such Lender or Lenders shall be conclusively presumed to be correct save for manifest error. For purposes of this Section, a change in law, rule, regulation, interpretation, administration, request or directive shall include, without limitation, any change made or which becomes effective on the basis of a law, rule, regulation, interpretation, administration, request or directive presently in force, the effective date of which change is delayed by the terms of such law, rule, regulation, interpretation, administration, request or directive. 11.8 Indemnity. The Company will indemnify Agent and each of the Lenders against any loss or expense (but excluding loss of any Applicable Margin) which may arise or be attributable to the Agent's and each Lender's obtaining, liquidating or employing deposits or other funds acquired to effect, fund or maintain the Advances (a) as a consequence of any failure by the Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers to make any payment when due of any amount due hereunder in connection with a Eurocurrency-based Advance, (b) due to any failure of the Company or any Permitted Borrower to borrow, refund or convert on a date specified therefor in a Request for Advance or (c) due to any payment, prepayment or conversion of any Eurocurrency-based Advance on a date other than the last day of the Interest Period for such Advance. Such loss or expense shall 86 be calculated based upon the present value, as applicable, of payments due from the Company or such Permitted Borrower with respect to a deposit obtained by the Agent or any of the Lenders in order to fund such Advance to the Company or to such Permitted Borrower. The Agent's and each Lender's, as applicable, calculations of any such loss or expense shall be furnished to the Company and shall be conclusive, absent manifest error. 11.9 Judgment Currency. The obligation of the Company and Permitted Borrowers to make payments of the principal of and interest on the outstanding Advances and any other amounts payable hereunder in the currency specified for such payment herein shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, or any recovery pursuant to any judgment, which is expressed in or converted into any other currency, except to the extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the actual receipt by each of the Lenders of the full amount of the particular Permitted Currency expressed to be payable herein. The Agent (or the Swing Line Bank, as applicable) shall, using all amounts obtained or received from the Company and from Permitted Borrowers pursuant to any such tender or recovery in payment of principal of and interest on the outstanding Advances, promptly purchase the applicable Permitted Currency at the most favorable spot exchange rate determined by the Agent to be available to it. The obligation of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers to make payments in the applicable Permitted Currency shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of action solely for the purpose of recovering in the applicable Permitted Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short of the full amount of the Permitted Currency expressed to be payable herein. 11.10 Capital Adequacy and Other Increased Costs. In the event that after the Effective Date the adoption of or any change in any applicable law, treaty, rule or regulation (whether domestic or foreign) now or hereafter in effect and whether or not presently applicable to any Lender or Agent, or any interpretation or administration thereof by any governmental authority charged with the interpretation or administration thereof, or compliance by any Lender or Agent with any guideline, request or directive of any such authority (whether or not having the force of law), including any risk based capital guidelines, affects or would affect the amount of capital required or expected to be maintained by such Lender or Agent (or any corporation controlling such Lender or Agent) and such Lender or Agent, as the case may be, determines that the amount of such capital is increased by or based upon the existence of such Lender's or Agent's obligations or Advances hereunder and such increase has the effect of reducing the rate of return on such Lender's or Agent's (or such controlling corporation's) capital as a consequence of such obligations or Advances hereunder to a level below that which such Lender or Agent (or such controlling corporation) could have achieved but for such circumstances (taking into consideration its policies with respect to capital adequacy) by an amount deemed by such Lender or Agent to be material (collectively, "Increased Costs"), then Agent or such Lender shall notify the Company, and thereafter the Company shall pay to such Lender or Agent, as the case may be, from time to time, upon request by such Lender or Agent, additional amounts sufficient to compensate such Lender or Agent (or such controlling corporation) for any increase in the amount of capital and reduced rate of return which such Lender or Agent reasonably determines to be allocable to the existence of such Lender's or Agent's obligations or Advances hereunder; provided, however that the Company shall not be obligated to reimburse any Lender for any Increased Costs pursuant to this Section 11.10 unless such Lender notifies Company and the Agent within 180 days after such affected Lender has obtained 87 actual knowledge of such Increased Costs (but in any event within 365 days after such affected Lender is required to comply with the applicable change in law). A statement as to the amount of such compensation, prepared in good faith and in reasonable detail by such Lender or Agent, as the case may be, shall be submitted by such Lender or by Agent to the Company, reasonably promptly after becoming aware of any event described in this Section 11.10 and shall be conclusive, absent manifest error in computation. 11.11 Substitution of Lenders. If (a) the obligation of any Lender to make Eurocurrency-based Advances has been suspended pursuant to Section 11.5 or 11.6 or (b) any Lender has demanded compensation under Section 11.1 or 11.7, (in each case, an "Affected Lender"), then Company shall have the right (subject to Section 13.8 hereof), with the assistance of the Agent, to seek a substitute lender or lenders (which may be one or more of the Lenders (the "Purchasing Lender" or "Purchasing Lenders") to purchase the Advances of the Revolving Credit and assume the commitments (including without limitation its participations in Swing Line Advances and Letters of Credit) under this Agreement of such Affected Lender. The Affected Lender shall be obligated to sell its Advances of the Revolving Credit and assign its commitments to such Purchasing Lender or Purchasing Lenders within fifteen days after receiving notice from Company requiring it to do so, at an aggregate price equal to the outstanding principal amount thereof, plus unpaid interest accrued thereon up to but excluding the date of the sale. In connection with any such sale, and as a condition thereof, Company shall pay to the Affected Lender all fees accrued for its account hereunder to but excluding the date of such sale, plus, if demanded by the Affected Lender within ten Business Days after such sale, (i) the amount of any compensation which would be due to the Affected Lender under Section 11.1 if Company (or the applicable Permitted Borrower) has prepaid the outstanding Eurocurrency-based Advances of the Affected Lender on the date of such sale and (ii) any additional compensation accrued for its account under Sections 3.4, 11.7 and 11.10 to but excluding said date. Upon such sale, the Purchasing Lender or Purchasing Lenders shall assume the Affected Lender's commitment, and the Affected Lender shall be released from its obligations hereunder to a corresponding extent. If any Purchasing Lender is not already one of the Lenders, the Affected Lender, as assignor, such Purchasing Lender, as assignee, Company and the Agent, with the required consent of the Swing Line Bank shall enter into an Assignment Agreement pursuant to Section 13.8 hereof, whereupon such Purchasing Lender shall be a Lender party to this Agreement, shall be deemed to be an assignee hereunder and shall have all the rights and obligations of a Lender with a Percentage equal to its ratable share of the then applicable Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment. In connection with any assignment pursuant to this Section 11.11, Company or the Purchasing Lender shall pay to the Agent the administrative fee for processing such assignment referred to in Section 13.8. 12. AGENTS 12.1 Appointment of Agent. Each Lender appoints and authorizes the Agent to act on behalf of such Lender under the Loan Documents and appoints and authorizes the Agents to exercise such powers hereunder and thereunder as are specifically delegated to or required of the Agents, as the case may be, by the terms hereof and thereof, together with such powers as may be reasonably incidental thereto. Each Lender agrees (which agreement shall survive any termination of this Agreement) to reimburse Agent for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (including in-house and 88 outside attorneys' fees) incurred by Agent hereunder or in connection herewith or with an Event of Default or in enforcing the obligations of Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers under this Agreement or the other Loan Documents or any other instrument executed pursuant hereto (to the extent of Agent's powers hereunder or thereunder, as aforesaid), and for which Agent is not reimbursed by Company or such Permitted Borrower, pro rata according to such Lender's Percentage, but excluding any such expenses resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Agent, as applicable. Agent shall not be required to take any action under the Loan Documents, or to prosecute or defend any suit in respect of the Loan Documents, unless indemnified to their respective satisfaction by the Lenders against loss, costs, liability and expense (excluding liability resulting from its gross negligence or willful misconduct). If any indemnity furnished to Agent shall become impaired, it may call for additional indemnity and cease to do the acts indemnified against until such additional indemnity is given. 12.2 Deposit Account with Agent. Each of Company and the Permitted Borrowers hereby authorizes Agent to charge its general deposit account, if any, maintained with Agent for the amount of any principal, interest, or other amounts or costs due under this Agreement when the same becomes due and payable under the terms of this Agreement. 12.3 Exculpatory Provisions. The Agent agrees to exercise its rights and powers, and to perform its duties, as an agent hereunder and under the other Loan Documents in accordance with its usual customs and practices in bank-agency transactions, but only upon and subject to the express terms and conditions of this Section 12 (and no implied covenants or other obligations shall be read into this Agreement against the Agent); neither the Agent nor any of its directors, officers, employees or agents shall be liable to any Lender for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it or them under this Agreement or any document executed pursuant hereto, or in connection herewith or therewith, except for its or their own willful misconduct or gross negligence, nor be responsible for any recitals or warranties herein or therein, or for the effectiveness, enforceability, validity or due execution of this Agreement or any document executed pursuant hereto, or any security thereunder, or to make any inquiry respecting the performance by Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Permitted Borrowers of its obligations hereunder or thereunder. Agent shall not have, or be deemed to have, a fiduciary relationship with any Lender by reason of this Agreement. Agent shall be entitled to rely upon advice of counsel concerning legal matters and upon any notice, consent, certificate, statement or writing which it believes to be genuine and to have been presented by a proper person. 12.4 Successor Agent. The Agent may resign as such at any time upon at least 30 days prior notice to Company and all Lenders. If Agent at any time shall resign or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of the Agent for any other reason, Required Lenders shall, by written instrument, appoint a successor Agent (consisting of any other Lender or financial institution satisfactory to such Required Lenders) which shall thereupon become Agent hereunder and shall be entitled to receive from the prior agent such documents of transfer and assignment as such successor agent may reasonably request. Such successor Agent shall succeed to all of the rights and obligations of the retiring agent as if originally named. The retiring agent shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Agent all moneys at the time held by the retiring agent hereunder after deducting therefrom its expenses for which it is entitled to be reimbursed. Upon such succession of any such 89 successor agent, the retiring agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder, except for its gross negligence or willful misconduct arising prior to its retirement hereunder, and the provisions of this Section 12 shall continue in effect for its benefit in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by it while it was acting as an agent hereunder. 12.5 Loans by Agents. Each of the Agents shall have the same rights and powers with respect to the credit extended by it as any Lender and may exercise the same as if it were not an agent hereunder, and the term "Lender" and, when appropriate, "holder" shall include the Agents in their respective individual capacities. 12.6 Credit Decisions. Each Lender acknowledges that it has, independently of Agents and each other Lender and based on the financial statements of Company, the Permitted Borrowers and the Subsidiaries and such other documents, information and investigations as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit decision to extend credit hereunder from time to time. Each Lender also acknowledges that it will, independently of Agents and each other Lender and based on such other documents, information and investigations as it shall deem appropriate at any time, continue to make its own credit decisions as to exercising or not exercising from time to time any rights and privileges available to it under this Agreement or any document executed pursuant hereto. 12.7 Notices by Agent. Agent shall give prompt notice to each Lender of its receipt of each notice or request required or permitted to be given to Agent by Company or a Permitted Borrower pursuant to the terms of this Agreement and shall promptly distribute to the Lenders any reports received from the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Permitted Borrowers under the terms hereof, or other material information or documents received by Agent, in its capacity Agent, from the Company, its Subsidiaries or the Permitted Borrowers. 12.8 Agent's Fees. Until the Indebtedness has been repaid and discharged in full and no commitment to fund any loan hereunder is outstanding, the Company shall pay to the Agent, as applicable, an agency fee(s) set forth (or to be set forth from time to time) in the Fee Letter on the terms set forth therein. The Agent's Fees described in this Section 12.8 shall not be refundable under any circumstances. 12.9 Nature of Agency. The appointment of Agents as Agent and Syndication Agent, respectively, is for the convenience of Lenders, Company and the Permitted Borrowers in making Advances of the Revolving Credit or any other Indebtedness of Company or the Permitted Borrowers hereunder, collecting fees, and principal and interest on the Indebtedness, and otherwise administering this Agreement and the other Loan Documents according to the express terms hereof and thereof. No Lender is purchasing any Indebtedness from Agents (or either of them) and this Agreement is not intended to be a purchase or participation agreement (except to the extent of risk participations acquired pursuant to Section 3.6(c) hereof). 12.10 Authority of Agent to Enforce This Agreement. Each Lender, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, any required approval or direction of the Required Lenders or the Lenders, as applicable, to be obtained by or given to the Agent hereunder), authorizes the Agent with full power and authority as attorney-in-fact to institute and 90 maintain actions, suits or proceedings for the collection of the Indebtedness and enforcement of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and to file such proofs of debt or other documents as may be necessary to have the claims of the Lenders allowed in any proceeding relative to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, any of the Permitted Borrowers or its creditors or affecting its properties, and to take such other actions which Agent considers to be necessary or desirable for the protection, collection and enforcement of the Indebtedness, this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, but in each case only to the extent of any required approval or direction of the Required Lenders or the Lenders, as applicable, obtained by or given to the Agent hereunder. 12.11 Indemnification. The Lenders agree to indemnify each of the Agents in their respective capacities as such, to the extent not reimbursed by the Company or the Permitted Borrowers, pro rata according to their respective Percentages, from and against any and all claims, liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, actions, judgments, suits, costs, and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses or disbursements of any kind or nature whatsoever which may be imposed on, incurred by, or asserted against the Agents in any way relating to or arising out of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents or any action taken or omitted to be taken or suffered in good faith by the Agents, or either of them, as the case may be, hereunder, provided that no Lender shall be liable to Agent or Syndication Agent, as the case may be, for any portion of any of the foregoing items resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such agent, or any of its officers, employees, directors or agents. 12.12 Knowledge of Default. It is expressly understood and agreed that Agent (whether in the capacity Swing Line Bank or otherwise) shall be entitled to assume that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, unless the officers of such agent immediately responsible for matters concerning this Agreement shall have actual (rather than constructive) knowledge of such occurrence or shall have been notified in writing by Company or a Lender that the Company or such Lender considers that a Default or an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, and specifying the nature thereof. Upon obtaining actual knowledge of any Default or Event of Default as described above, the Agent shall promptly, but in any event within three (3) Business Days after obtaining actual knowledge thereof, notify each Lender of such Default or Event of Default and the action, if any, the Agent proposes be taken with respect thereto. 12.13 Agent's Authorization; Action by Lenders. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, whenever the Agent is authorized and empowered hereunder on behalf of the Lenders to give any approval or consent, or to make any request, or to take any other action, on behalf of the Lenders (including without limitation the exercise of any right or remedy hereunder or under the other Loan Documents), the Agent shall be required to give such approval or consent, or to make such request or to take such other action only when so requested in writing by the Required Lenders or the Lenders, as applicable hereunder. Action that may be taken by Required Lenders or all of the Lenders, as the case may be (as provided for hereunder), may be taken (i) pursuant to a vote at a meeting (which may be held by telephone conference call) as to which all of the Lenders have been given reasonable advance notice (subject to the requirement that amendments, waivers or consents under Section 13.11 hereof be made in writing by the Required Lenders or all the Lenders, as applicable), or (ii) pursuant to the written consent of the requisite Percentages of the Lenders as 91 required hereunder, provided that all of the Lenders are given reasonable advance notice of the requests for such consent. 12.14 Enforcement Actions by the Agent. Except as otherwise expressly provided under this Agreement or in any of the other Loan Documents and subject to the terms hereof, Agent will take such action, assert such rights and pursue such remedies under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents as the Required Lenders or all of the Lenders, as the case may be (as provided for hereunder), shall direct. Except as otherwise expressly provided in any of the Loan Documents, Agent will not (and will not be obligated to) take any action, assert any rights or pursue any remedies under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents in violation or contravention of any express direction or instruction of the Required Lenders or all of the Lenders, as the case may be (as provided for hereunder). Agent may refuse (and will not be obligated) to take any action, assert any rights or pursue any remedies under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents in the absence of the express written direction and instruction of the Required Lenders or all of the Lenders, as the case may be (as provided for hereunder). In the event Agent fails, within a commercially reasonable time, to take such action, assert such rights, or pursue such remedies as the Required Lenders or all of the Lenders, as the case may be (as provided for hereunder), shall direct in conformity with this Agreement, the Required Lenders or all of the Lenders, as the case may be (as provided for hereunder), shall have the right to take such action, to assert such rights, or pursue such remedies on behalf of all of the Lenders unless the terms hereof otherwise require the consent of all the Lenders to the taking of such actions (in which event all of the Lenders must join in such action). Except as expressly provided above or elsewhere in this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, no Lender (other than the Agent, acting in its capacity as Agent) shall be entitled to take any enforcement action of any kind under any of the Loan Documents. 12.15 Managers and Lead Managers. Credit Lyonnais New York Branch has been designated by the Company as "Documentation Agent", NationsBanc Montgomery Securities LLC has been designated by the Company as "Syndication Agent" and Barclay's Capital, CoreStates Bank N.A. and Fleet National Bank have been designated by the Company as "Managing Agents" under this Agreement. Other than its rights and remedies as a Lender hereunder, such Documentation Agent, Syndication Agent and each such Managing Agent shall have no administrative, collateral or other rights or responsibilities, provided, however, that each such Documentation Agent, Syndication Agent and each Managing Agent shall be entitled to the benefits afforded to the Agents under Sections 12.5 and 12.6 hereof. 13. MISCELLANEOUS 13.1 Accounting Principles. Where the character or amount of any asset or liability or item of income or expense is required to be determined or any consolidation or other accounting computation is required to be made for the purposes of this Agreement, it shall be done in accordance with GAAP. 13.2 Consent to Jurisdiction. Each of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers hereby irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of any United States Federal or Michigan state court sitting in Detroit in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any 92 of the other Loan Documents and each of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers hereby irrevocably agrees that all claims in respect of such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in any such United States Federal or Michigan state court. Each of the Permitted Borrowers irrevocably appoints the Company as its agent for service of process. Each of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers irrevocably consents to the service of any and all process in any such action or proceeding brought in any court in or of the State of Michigan by the delivery of copies of such process to the Company at its address specified on the signature page hereto or by certified mail directed to such address. Nothing in this Section shall affect the right of the Lenders and the Agent to serve process in any other manner permitted by law or limit the right of the Lenders or the Agent (or any of them) to bring any such action or proceeding against the Company or the Permitted Borrowers or any of its or their property in the courts of any other jurisdiction. Each of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers hereby irrevocably waives any objection to the laying of venue of any such suit or proceeding in the above described courts. 13.3 Law of Michigan. This Agreement has been delivered at Detroit, Michigan, and shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Michigan, except as and to the extent expressed to the contrary in any of the Loan Documents. Whenever possible each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions of this Agreement. 13.4 Interest. In the event the obligation of the Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers to pay interest on the principal balance of the outstanding Advances is or becomes in excess of the maximum interest rate which the Company or any Permitted Borrower is permitted by law to contract or agree to pay, giving due consideration to the execution date of this Agreement, then, in that event, the rate of interest applicable with respect to any Lender's Percentage of the Revolving Credit, as applicable, shall be deemed to be immediately reduced to such maximum rate and all previous payments in excess of the maximum rate shall be deemed to have been payments in reduction of principal and not of interest. 13.5 Closing Costs; Other Costs. Company shall pay or reimburse Agents for their own accounts or on behalf of the Lenders for payment of, on demand (a) all closing costs and expenses, including, by way of description and not limitation, in-house and outside attorney fees and advances, appraisal and accounting fees, title and lien search fees, and required travel costs, incurred by Agents (and either of them) in connection with the commitment, consummation and closing of the loans contemplated hereby, or in connection with any refinancing or restructuring of the loans or advances provided under this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, or any amendment thereof or waiver or consent with respect thereto requested by Company; and (b) all stamp and other taxes and fees payable or determined to be payable (by either of the Agents or any Lender) in connection with the execution, delivery, filing or recording of this Agreement and the Loan Documents and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, and any and all liabilities with respect to or resulting from any delay in paying or omitting to pay such taxes or fees. Furthermore, all reasonable costs and expenses, including without limitation attorney fees, and costs and expenses 93 to Environmental Auditors retained by Agent hereunder, incurred by Agents (and either of them) in revising, preserving, protecting, exercising or enforcing any of its or any of the Lenders' rights against Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers, or otherwise incurred by Agents and by the Lenders (using a single law firm retained by Agent, with the approval of the Required Lenders) in connection with any Event of Default or the enforcement of the loans (whether incurred through negotiations, legal proceedings or otherwise), including by way of description and not limitation, such charges in any court or bankruptcy proceedings or arising out of any claim or action by any person against Agents (and either of them) or any Lender which would not have been asserted were it not for the Agents' or such Lender's relationship with Company and the Permitted Borrowers hereunder or otherwise, shall also be paid by Company and the Permitted Borrowers. All of said amounts required to be paid by Company hereunder and not paid forthwith upon demand, as aforesaid, shall bear interest, from the date incurred to the date payment is received by Agents, as applicable, at the Prime-based Rate, plus three percent (3%). 13.6 Notices. Except as otherwise expressly set forth in this Agreement, all notices and other communications provided to any party hereto under this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall be in writing and shall be given by personal delivery, by mail, by reputable overnight courier, by telex or by facsimile and addressed or delivered to it at its address set forth on the Administrative Detail forms on file with the Agent or at such other address as may be designated by such party in a notice to the other parties that complies as to delivery with the terms of this Section 13.6. Any notice, if personally delivered or if mailed and properly addressed with postage prepaid and sent by registered or certified mail, shall be deemed given when received or when delivery is refused; any notice, if given to a reputable overnight courier and properly addressed, shall be deemed given two (2) Business Days after the date on which it was sent, unless it is actually received sooner by the named addressee; and any notice, if transmitted by telex or facsimile, shall be deemed given when received (answer back confirmed in the case of telexes and receipt confirmed in the case of telecopies). Agents may, but, except as specifically provided herein, shall not be required to, take any action on the basis of any notice given to it by telephone, but the giver of any such notice shall promptly confirm such notice in writing or by telex or facsimile, and such notice will not be deemed to have been received until such confirmation is deemed received in accordance with the provisions of this Section set forth above. If such telephonic notice conflicts with any such confirmation, the terms of such telephonic notice shall control. 13.7 Further Action. Company and the Permitted Borrowers, from time to time, upon written request of Agents will make, execute, acknowledge and deliver or cause to be made, executed, acknowledged and delivered, all such further and additional instruments, and take all such further action, as may be required to carry out the intent and purpose of this Agreement, and to provide for Advances under this Agreement, according to the intent and purpose herein and therein expressed. 13.8 Successors and Assigns; Assignments and Participations. (a) This Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of Company and the Permitted Borrowers and the Lenders and their respective successors and assigns. 94 (b) The foregoing shall not authorize any assignment by Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers, of its rights or duties hereunder, and no such assignment shall be made (or effective) without the prior written approval of the Lenders. (c) The Company, Permitted Borrowers and Agents acknowledge that each of the Lenders may at any time and from time to time, subject to the terms and conditions hereof (including Section 13.14 hereof), assign or grant participations in such Lender's rights and obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents to any commercial bank, savings and loan association, insurance company, pension fund, mutual fund, commercial finance company or other similar financial institution, the identity of which institution is approved by Company and the Agent, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed; provided, however, that (i) the approval of Company shall not be required upon the occurrence and during the continuance of a Default or Event of Default and (ii) the approval of Company and Agent shall not be required for any such sale, transfer, assignment or participation to the Affiliate of an assigning Lender, any other Lender or any Federal Reserve Bank. The Company and each of Permitted Borrowers authorize each Lender to disclose to any prospective assignee or participant, once approved by Company and Agent, any and all financial information in such Lender's possession concerning the Company and such Permitted Borrower which has been delivered to such Lender pursuant to this Agreement; provided that each such prospective participant shall execute a confidentiality agreement consistent with the terms of Section 13.13 hereof. (d) Each assignment by a Lender of any portion of its rights and/or obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents, other than assignments to such Lender's Affiliates or to a Federal Reserve Bank under Section 13.8(c)(ii) hereof, shall be made pursuant to an Assignment Agreement ("Assignment Agreement") substantially (as determined by Agent), in the form attached hereto as Exhibit E (with appropriate insertions acceptable to Agent) and shall be subject to the terms and conditions hereof, and to the following restrictions: (i) each partial assignment shall be made as an assignment of a part of all of the assigning Lender's rights and obligations hereunder; (ii) each assignment shall be in a minimum amount of the lesser of (x) Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000) and (y) the entire remaining amount of assigning Lender's interest in the Revolving Credit (and participations in any outstanding Letters of Credit); provided however that, after giving effect to such assignment, in no event shall the entire remaining amount (if any) of assigning Lender's interest in the Revolving Credit (and participations in any outstanding Letters of Credit) be less than $10,000,000; (iii) no assignment shall be effective unless Agent has received from the assignee (or from the assigning Lender) an assignment fee of $3,500 for each such assignment. 95 In connection with any assignment subject to this Section 13.8(d), Company, each of the Permitted Borrowers and Agents shall be entitled to continue to deal solely and directly with the assigning Lender in connection with the interest so assigned until the Agent shall have received a notice of assignment duly executed by the assigning Lender and an Assignment Agreement (with respect thereto) duly executed by the assigning Lender and each assignee; and (y) the assigning Lender shall have delivered to the Agent the original of each Note, if any, issued to such Lender, held by the assigning Lender under this Agreement. From and after the date on which the Agents shall notify Company and the Lender which has accepted an assignment subject to this Section 13.8(d) that the foregoing conditions shall have been satisfied and all consents (if any) required shall have been given, the assignee thereunder shall be deemed to be a party to this Agreement. To the extent that rights and obligations hereunder shall have been assigned to such assignee as provided in such notice of assignment (and Assignment Agreement), such assignee shall have the rights and obligations of a Lender under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents (including without limitation the right to receive fees payable hereunder in respect of the period following such assignment). In addition, the assigning Lender, to the extent that rights and obligations hereunder shall have been assigned by it as provided in such notice of assignment (and Assignment Agreement), but not otherwise, shall relinquish its rights and be released from its obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. Schedule 1.1 to this Agreement shall be deemed to be amended to reflect the applicable new Percentages of the Lenders (including the assignee Lender), taking into account such assignment. (e) Each Lender agrees that any participation agreement permitted hereunder shall comply with all applicable laws and shall be subject to the following restrictions (which shall be set forth in the applicable participation agreement): (i) such Lender shall remain the holder of its interest in the Indebtedness hereunder, notwithstanding any such participation; (ii) except as expressly set forth in this Section 13.8(e) with respect to rights of setoff and the benefits of Section 11 hereof, a participant shall have no direct rights or remedies hereunder; (iii) such Lender shall retain the sole right and responsibility to enforce the obligations of the Company and Permitted Borrowers relating to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, including, without limitation, the right to proceed against any Guarantors, or cause Agent to do so (subject to the terms and conditions hereof), and the right to approve any amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement without the consent of the participant, except in the case of participations granted to an Affiliate of such Lender and except for those matters covered by Section 13.11(a) through (e) and (h) hereof (provided that a participant may exercise approval rights over such matters only on an indirect basis, acting through such Lender, and Company, Permitted Borrowers, Agent and 96 the other Lenders may continue to deal directly with such Lender in connection with such Lender's rights and duties hereunder). Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers each agrees that each participant shall be deemed to have the right of setoff under Section 10.4 hereof in respect of its participation interest in amounts owing under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to the same extent as if the Indebtedness were owing directly to it as a Lender under this Agreement, shall be subject to the pro rata recovery provisions of Section 10.3 hereof and shall be entitled to the benefits of Section 11 hereof. The amount, terms and conditions of any participation shall be as set forth in the participation agreement between the issuing Lender and the Person purchasing such participation, and the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, the Agents and the other Lenders shall not have any responsibility or obligation with respect thereto, or to any Person to whom any such participation may be issued. No such participation shall relieve any issuing Lender of any of its obligations under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, and all actions hereunder shall be conducted as if no such participation had been granted. (f) The Agent shall maintain at its principal office a copy of each Assignment Agreement delivered to it and a register (the "Register") for the recordation of the names and addresses of the Lenders, the Percentages of such Lenders and the principal amount of each type of Advance owing to each such Lender from time to time. The entries in the Register shall be conclusive evidence, absent manifest error, and the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, the Agent, and the Lenders may treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Register as the owner of the Advances recorded therein for all purposes of this Agreement. The Register shall be available for inspection by the Company, the Permitted Borrowers or any Lender upon reasonable notice to the Agent and a copy of such information shall be provided to any such party on their prior written request. The Agent shall give prompt written notice to the Company of the making of any entry in the Register or any change in such entry. (g) Nothing in this Agreement, or the other Loan Documents, expressed or implied, is intended to or shall confer on any Person other than the respective parties hereto and thereto and their successors and assignees and participants permitted hereunder and thereunder any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or other claim under this Agreement, or the other Loan Documents. 13.9 Indulgence. No delay or failure of Agents and the Lenders in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder shall affect such right, power or privilege nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof, or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights of Agents and the Lenders hereunder are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies which Agents and the Lenders would otherwise have. 13.10 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, and each executed copy shall constitute an original instrument, but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. 97 13.11 Amendment and Waiver. No amendment or waiver of any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or consent to any departure by the Company or the Permitted Borrowers therefrom, shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the Required Lenders (or signed by the Agent at the direction of the Required Lenders), and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the specific purpose for which given; provided, however, that no amendment, waiver or consent shall, unless in writing and signed by all the Lenders, do any of the following: (a) increase any Lender's commitments hereunder, (b) reduce the principal of, or interest on, the Advances or any Fees or other amounts payable hereunder, (c) postpone any date fixed for any payment of principal of, or interest on, the outstanding Advances or any Fees or other amounts payable hereunder, (d) waive any Event of Default specified in Section 9.1(a) or (b) hereof, (e) release or defer the granting or perfecting of a lien or security interest in any collateral or release any guaranty or similar undertaking provided by any Person or modify any indemnity provided to the Lenders, hereunder or under the other Loan Documents, except as shall be otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or any other Loan Document, (f) take any action which requires the signing of all Lenders pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, (g) change the aggregate unpaid principal amount of the outstanding Advances which shall be required for the Lenders or any of them to take any action under this Agreement or any other Loan Document, (h) change this Section 13.11, or (i) change the definition of "Required Lenders", "Interest Periods", "Alternative Currencies", "Permitted Borrower" or "Percentage", and provided further, however, that no amendment, waiver or consent hereunder shall, unless in writing and signed by the Agents in addition to all the Lenders, affect the rights or duties of the Agent under this Agreement or any other Loan Document, whether in its capacity as Agent, issuing bank or Swing Line Bank. All references in this Agreement to "Lenders" or "the Lenders" shall refer to all Lenders, unless expressly stated to refer to Required Lenders. 13.12 Taxes and Fees. Should any tax (other than a tax based upon the net income of any Lender or Agents (or either of them) by any jurisdiction where a Lender or Agent is located), recording or filing fee become payable in respect of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents or any amendment, modification or supplement hereof or thereof, the Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers, jointly and severally, agrees to pay the same together with any interest or penalties thereon and agrees to hold the Agent and the Lenders harmless with respect thereto. 13.13 Confidentiality. Each Lender agrees that without the prior consent of Company, it will not disclose (other than to its employees or to employees of any of its Affiliates, to another Lender or to any of their respective auditors or counsel) any information with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Permitted Borrowers which is furnished pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents or which is designated (in writing) by Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers to be confidential; provided that any Lender may disclose any such information (a) as has become generally available to the public or has been lawfully obtained by such Lender from any third party under no duty of confidentiality to the Company or such Permitted Borrower known to such Lender after reasonable inquiry, (b) as may be required or appropriate in any report, statement or testimony submitted to, or in respect of any inquiry by, any municipal, state or federal regulatory body having or claiming to have jurisdiction over such Lender, including the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve 98 System of the United States or the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or similar organizations (whether in the United States or elsewhere) or their successors, (c) as may be required or appropriate in respect of any summons or subpoena or in connection with any litigation, (d) in order to comply with any law, order, regulation or ruling applicable to such Lender, and (e) to any permitted transferee or assignee or to any approved participant of, or with respect to, an interest in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, as aforesaid. 13.14 Withholding Taxes. If any Lender is not incorporated under the laws of the United States or a state thereof, such Lender shall promptly (but in any event prior to the initial payment of interest hereunder) deliver to the Agent two executed copies of (i) Internal Revenue Service Form 1001 specifying the applicable tax treaty between the United States and the jurisdiction of such Lender's domicile which provides for the exemption from withholding on interest payments to such Lender, (ii) Internal Revenue Service Form 4224 evidencing that the income to be received by such Lender hereunder is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States or (iii) other evidence satisfactory to the Agent that such Lender is exempt from United States income tax withholding with respect to such income; provided, however, that such Lender shall not be required to deliver to Agent the aforesaid forms or other evidence with respect to (i) Advances to any Foreign Subsidiary which is or becomes a Permitted Borrower hereunder or (ii) with respect to Advances to the Company or any Domestic Subsidiary which subsequently becomes a Permitted Borrower hereunder, if such Lender has assigned its interest in the Revolving Credit (including any outstanding Advances thereunder and participations in Letters of Credit issued hereunder) and any Notes issued to it by the Company, or any Domestic Subsidiary (if any) which subsequently becomes a Permitted Borrower hereunder, to an Affiliate which is incorporated under the laws of the United States or a state thereof, and so notifies the Agent. Such Lender shall amend or supplement any such form or evidence as required to insure that it is accurate, complete and non-misleading at all times. Promptly upon notice from the Agent of any determination by the Internal Revenue Service that any payments previously made to such Lender hereunder were subject to United States income tax withholding when made, such Lender shall pay to the Agent the excess of the aggregate amount required to be withheld from such payments over the aggregate amount actually withheld by the Agent. In addition, from time to time upon the reasonable request and at the sole expense of the Company or the Permitted Borrowers, each Lender and each of the Agents shall (to the extent it is able to do so based upon applicable facts and circumstances), complete and provide the Company or the Permitted Borrowers with such forms, certificates or other documents as may be reasonably necessary to allow the Company or the Permitted Borrowers, as applicable, to make any payment under this Agreement or the other Loan Documents without any withholding for or on the account of any tax under Section 10.1(d) hereof (or with such withholding at a reduced rate), provided that the execution and delivery of such forms, certificates or other documents does not adversely affect or otherwise restrict the right and benefits (including without limitation economic benefits) available to such of the Lender or the Agents, as the case may be, under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, or under or in connection with any transactions not related to the transactions contemplated hereby. 13.15 ERISA Restrictions. To the extent any Advance hereunder is funded by or on behalf of an insurance company, bank, or other Person deemed to hold assets of any employee benefit plan subject to ERISA or other plan as defined in and subject to the prohibited transaction provisions of 99 Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code pursuant to applicable Department of Labor regulations (the "Plan Asset Regulations"), or any such plan acting on its own behalf, such insurance company, bank, entity or plan warrants and represents that at least one of the following statements is an accurate representation as to each source of funds (a "Source") to be used by such insurance company, bank, entity or plan to fund the Advance(s) hereunder: (a) the Source consists of plan assets subject to the discretionary authority or control of an in-house asset manager ("INHAM") as such term is defined in Section IV(a) of Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 96-23 (issued April 10, 1996) ("PTCE 96-23"), and the funding of the Advance(s) hereunder is exempt under the provisions of PTCE 96-23; or (b) the Source is an "insurance company general account" as such term is defined in section V(e) of Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 95-60 (issued July 12, 1995) ("PTCE 95- 60"), and the funding of the Advance(s) hereunder is exempt under the provisions of PTCE 95-60; or (c) the Source is either (x) an insurance company pooled separate account, within the meaning of Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 90-1 (issued January 29, 1990) ("PTCE 90- 1") or (y) a bank collective investment fund, within the meaning of Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 91-38 (issued July 12, 1991) ("PTCE 91-38") and, except as such insurance company or bank has disclosed to the Company in writing pursuant to this paragraph (ii), no plan or group of plans maintained by the same employer or employee organization, beneficially owns more than 10% of all assets allocated to such pooled separate account or collective investment fund; and, in either such case, all records necessary to establish the availability of each exemption by reason thereof will be maintained and made available as required by the terms of such exemption; or (d) the Source is an "investment fund" (within the meaning of Part V of Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 84-14 (issued March 13, 1984) (the "QPAM Exemption")) managed by a "qualified professional asset manager" ("QPAM") within the meaning of Part V of the QPAM exemption) which has been identified pursuant to this paragraph (iii), such that the funding of the Advance(s) by or on behalf of such investment fund is exempt from the application of the prohibited transaction rules of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code, provided that no party to the transactions described in this Agreement and no affiliate (within the meaning of Section V(c)(1) of the QPAM Exemption) of such party has, or at any time during the immediately preceding year exercised, the authority to appoint or terminate the identified QPAM as manager of the assets of any employee benefit plan that has an interest in such investment fund (which plans have been identified pursuant to this paragraph (iii)) or to negotiate the terms of said QPAM's management agreement on behalf of any such identified plan; or (e) the Source is a "governmental plan" as defined in Title 1, Section 3(32) of ERISA; or (f) the Source is one or more "employee benefit plans" (or other plan as defined in and subject to Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code) or a separate account, trust fund, or other entity comprised of one or more such plans (determined after giving effect to the Plan Asset 100 Regulations) each of which has been identified to the Company in writing pursuant to this paragraph (v); or (g) the Source does not include assets of any employee benefit plan or other plan, other than a plan exempt from coverage under ERISA and from the prohibited transactions of Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code. 13.16 Effective Date. This Agreement shall become effective upon the Effective Date, and shall remain effective until the Indebtedness has been repaid and discharged in full and no commitment to extend any credit hereunder remains outstanding. Those Permitted Borrowers not signatories to this Agreement on the Effective Date shall become obligated hereunder (and shall be deemed parties to this Agreement) upon the execution and delivery, according to the terms and conditions set forth in Section 2.1 hereof, of the Permitted Borrower Addendum. 13.17 Severability. In case any one or more of the obligations of the Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers under this Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining obligations of the Company or such Permitted Borrower shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability in one jurisdiction shall not affect the validity, legality or enforceability of the obligations of the Company or such Permitted Borrower under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents in any other jurisdiction. 13.18 Table of Contents and Headings; Construction of Certain Provisions. The table of contents and the headings of the various subdivisions hereof are for convenience of reference only and shall in no way modify or affect any of the terms or provisions hereof. If any provision of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents refers to any action to be taken by any Person, or which such Person is prohibited from taking, such provision shall be applicable whether such action is taken directly or indirectly by such Person, whether or not expressly specified in such provision. 13.19 Independence of Covenants. Each covenant hereunder shall be given independent effect (subject to any exceptions stated in such covenant) so that if a particular action or condition is not permitted by any such covenant (taking into account any such stated exception), the fact that it would be permitted by an exception to, or would be otherwise within the limitations of, another covenant shall not avoid the occurrence of a Default or an Event of Default if such action is taken or such condition exists. 13.20 Reliance on and Survival of Various Provisions. All terms, covenants, agreements, representations and warranties of the Company or any party to any of the Loan Documents made herein or in any of the other Loan Documents or in any certificate, report, financial statement or other document furnished by or on behalf of the Company, any such party in connection with this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents shall be deemed to have been relied upon by the Lenders, notwithstanding any investigation heretofore or hereafter made by any Lender or on such Lender's behalf, and those covenants and agreements of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers set forth in Section 11.8 hereof (together with any other indemnities of the Company or the Permitted Borrowers contained elsewhere in this Agreement or in any of the other Loan Documents 101 and of Lenders set forth in Sections 12.1, 12.12 and 13.13 hereof shall, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, survive the repayment in full of the Indebtedness and the termination of any commitments to make Advances hereunder. 13.21 Complete Agreement. This Agreement, the Notes, if issued, any Requests for Advance or Letters of Credit hereunder, the other Loan Documents and any agreements, certificates, or other documents given to secure the Indebtedness, contain the entire agreement of the parties hereto, and none of the parties hereto shall be bound by anything not expressed in writing. [SIGNATURES FOLLOW ON SUCCEEDING PAGES] 102 WITNESS the due execution hereof as of the day and year first above written. COMPANY: AGENT: VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC. COMERICA BANK, As Agent By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb By: /s/ Dan M. Roman -------------------- ---------------- Richard N. Grubb Dan M. Roman Its: Executive Vice President, Its: Vice President Chief Financial Officer and Director One Detroit Center 63 Lincoln Highway 500 Woodward Avenue Malvern, Pennsylvania 19355 Detroit, Michigan 48226 Attention:Corporate Finance Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement BANKS: COMERICA BANK, Individually, as Issuing Bank and as Swing Line Bank By: /s/ Dan M. Roman ---------------- Dan M. Roman Its: Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement CORESTATES BANK, N.A. By: /s/ Randall R. Meck ------------------- Randall R. Meck Its: Assistant Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement NATIONSBANK, N.A. By: /s/ Sharon Ellis ------------------- Sharon Ellis Its: Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement BHF-BANK AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT By: /s/ Hans J. Scholz ---------------- Hans J. Scholz Its: Vice President By: /s/ John Sykes ---------------- John Sykes Its: Assistant Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement BANK HAPOALIM B.M., PHILADELPHIA BRANCH By: /s/ Carl Kopfinger ---------------- Carl Kopfinger Its: Vice President By: /s/ F.J. McEntee ------------------ F.J. McEntee Its: Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement BANK LEUMI le-ISRAEL, B.M. By: /s/ Y. Apelker ---------------- Y. Apelker Its: By: /s/ Mira Fink ---------------- Mira Fink Its: Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement PNC BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION By: /s/ Daniel K. Fitzpatrick ------------------------- Daniel K. Fitzpatrick Its: Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement THE BANK OF TOKYO-MITSUBISHI, LTD. NEW YORK BRANCH By: /s/ Christopher P. Wilkens -------------------------- Christopher P. Wilkens Its: Atttorney-In-Fact Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement SOCIETE GENERALE, NEW YORK BRANCH By: /s/ Michelle Martin ---------------- Michelle Martin Its: Assistant Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement FLEET NATIONAL BANK By: /s/ Mike Barclay ---------------- Mike Barclay Its: Assistant Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement BARCLAYS BANK PLC By: /s/ John Biestman ---------------- John Biestman Its: Director Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement ABN AMRO BANK NV By: /s/ Brian Horgan ---------------- Brian Horgan Its: Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement BANK OF AMERICA NATIONAL TRUST AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION By: /s/ Michael McCutchin ---------------------- Michael McCutchin Its: Managing Director Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement THE BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA By: /s/ J. Alan Edwards -------------------- J. Alan Edwards Its: Authorized Signatory Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO By: /s/ Amy L. Robbins ------------------ Amy L. Robbins Its: Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement WESTDEUTSCHE LANDESBANK GIROZENTRALE, NEW YORK BRANCH By: /s/ Alan S. Bookspan --------------------- Alan S. Bookspan Its: Vice President By: /s/ Thomas Lee ---------------- Thomas Lee Its: Associate Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement BANK AUSTRIA AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT By: /s/ Joseph A. Steiner ---------------- Joseph A. Steiner Its: Senior Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement THE BANK OF NEW YORK By: /s/ Walter C. Parelli --------------------- Walter C. Parelli Its: Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement BANQUE NATIONALE DE PARIS By: /s/ Richard L. Sted ---------------- Richard L. Sted Its: Senior Vice President By: /s/ Thomas George ---------------- Thomas George Its: Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement CREDIT AGRICOLE INDOSUEZ By: /s/ Craig Welch ---------------- Craig Welch Its: First Vice President By: /s/ Cheryl Solometo ------------------- Cheryl Solometo Its: Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement KEYBANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION By: /s/ Karen A. Lee ----------------- Karen A. Lee Its: Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement MELLON BANK, N.A. By: /s/ Clifford Mull ------------------ Clifford Mull Its: Assistant Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement WACHOVIA BANK, N.A. By: /s/ Adam T. Ogburn ------------------ Adam T. Ogburn Its: Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement KREDIETBANK N.V. By: /s/ John E. Thierfelder ----------------------- John E. Thierfelder Its: Vice President By: /s/ Robert Snauffer ----------------------- Robert Snauffer Its: Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement NATEXIS BANQUE By: /s/ Pieter J. Van Tulder ---------------- Pieter J. Van Tulder Its: Vice President By: /s/ John Rigo ---------------- John Rigo Its: Assistant Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement ISTITUTO BANCARIO SAN PAOLO DI TORINO, S.p.A. By: /s/ Luca Saachi ---------------- Luca Saachi Its: Assistant Vice President By: /s/ Carlo Persico ---------------- Carlo Persico Its: DGM Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement CREDIT LYONNAIS By: /s/ Scott R. Chappelka ---------------------- Scott R. Chappelka Its: Vice President Signature Page For Long Term Credit Agreement SCHEDULE 1.1 Percentages (Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement) Lender Percentage Allocation Comerica Bank 6.82% $56,250,000.00 Nations Bank 6.82% $56,250,000.00 Credit Lyonnais 5.91% $48,750,000.00 Barclays Capital 5.45% $45,000,000.00 CoreStates 5.45% $45,000,000.00 Fleet Bank 5.45% $45,000,000.00 ABN-AMRO 4.55% $37,500,000.00 BHF Bank 4.55% $37,500,000.00 Bank Hapoalim 4.55% $37,500,000.00 Bank Leumi 4.55% $37,500,000.00 Bank of America 4.55% $37,500,000.00 Bank of Nova Scotia 4.55% $37,500,000.00 FNBC 4.55% $37,500,000.00 West LB 4.55% $37,500,000.00 PNC Bank 3.18% $26,250,000.00 Bank Austria 2.27% $18,750,000.00 Bank of New York 2.27% $18,750,000.00 Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi 2.27% $18,750,000.00 Banque Nationale de Paris 2.27% $18,750,000.00 Credit Agricole Indosuez 2.27% $18,750,000.00 KeyBank National Association 2.27% $18,750,000.00 Mellon Bank 2.27% $18,750,000.00 Societe Generale 2.27% $18,750,000.00 Wachovia Bank 2.27% $18,750,000.00 Kredietbank 1.36% $11,250,000.00 Natexis Banque BFCE 1.36% $11,250,000.00 San Paolo Bank 1.36% $11,250,000.00 SCHEDULE 4.1 PRICING MATRIX
Applicable Margin Grid Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. $825,000,000 Long Term Revolving Credit Facility Basis for Pricing LEVEL I LEVEL II LEVEL III LEVEL IV Leverage Ratio <2.0:1.0 >2.0:1.0 >2.5:1.0 >3.0:1.0 but but <2.5:1.0 <3.0:1.0 Revolving Credit Facility Fee 0.15% 0.20% 0.25% 0.30% Eurocurrency-based Margin 0.40% 0.45% 0.575% 0.825% Prime-based Rate Margin 0 0 0 0 Letter of Credit Fee 0.40% 0.45% 0.575% 0.825% (exclusive of facing fee)
From the Effective Date until the required date of delivery under Section 7.3(c) of the Company's financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 1998, the margins and fee percentages shall be those set forth under the Level III column, unless the Leverage Ratio, as determined in financial statements delivered prior to such date, is greater than or equal to 3:1, in which event the margins and fee percentages shall be those set forth under Level IV. SCHEDULE 13.6 See Administrative Detail Forms addressed to Agent. EX-10.2 4 SHORT TERM REVOLVING CREDIT AGREEMENT EXECUTION COPY 03/02/98 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC. SHORT TERM REVOLVING CREDIT AGREEMENT DATED AS OF MARCH 2, 1998 COMERICA BANK, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT NATIONSBANC MONTGOMERY SECURITIES LLC, AS SYNDICATION AGENT AND CREDIT LYONNAIS NEW YORK BRANCH, AS DOCUMENTATION AGENT - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. DEFINITIONS.............................................................................................1 2. REVOLVING CREDIT.......................................................................................22 2.1 Commitment....................................................................................22 2.2 Accrual of Interest and Maturity; Evidence of Indebtedness....................................22 2.3 Requests for and Refundings and Conversions of Advances.......................................23 2.4 Disbursement of Advances......................................................................26 2.5 Reserved......................................................................................27 2.6 Prime-based Interest Payments.................................................................27 2.7 Eurocurrency-based Interest Payments..........................................................28 2.8 Interest Payments on Conversions..............................................................28 2.9 Interest on Default...........................................................................28 2.10 Prepayment....................................................................................28 2.11 Determination, Denomination and Redenomination of Alternative Currency Advances.............................................................................29 2.12 Prime-based Advance in Absence of Election or Upon Default....................................29 2.13 Revolving Credit Facility Fee.................................................................30 2.14 Currency Appreciation; Mandatory Reduction of Indebtedness....................................30 2.15 Optional Reduction or Termination of Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment....................................................................................31 2.16 Extensions of Revolving Credit Maturity Date..................................................32 2.17 Application of Advances.......................................................................33 3. Reserved...............................................................................................33 4. MARGIN ADJUSTMENTS.....................................................................................33 4.1 Margin Adjustments............................................................................33 5. CONDITIONS.............................................................................................34 5.1 Execution of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents......................................34 5.2 Corporate Authority...........................................................................34 5.3 Company Guaranty..............................................................................34 5.4 Subsidiary Guaranties.........................................................................34 5.5 Stock Pledge of Shares Issued by Significant Subsidiaries.....................................34 5.6 Representations and Warranties -- All Parties.................................................35 5.7 Compliance with Certain Documents and Agreements..............................................35 5.8 Opinion of Counsel............................................................................35 5.9 Company's Certificate.........................................................................35 5.10 Payment of Agent's and Other Fees.............................................................35 - i - TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page 5.11 Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement..........................................................36 5.12 Outstanding Indebtedness Terminated...........................................................36 5.13 TEMIC Acquisition.............................................................................36 5.14 Regulation U Requirements.....................................................................36 5.15 Other Documents and Instruments...............................................................36 5.16 Continuing Conditions.........................................................................36 6. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES.........................................................................37 6.1 Corporate Existence...........................................................................37 6.2 Due Authorization - Company...................................................................37 6.3 Due Authorization -- Subsidiaries.............................................................37 6.4 Title to Material Property....................................................................38 6.5 Encumbrances..................................................................................38 6.6 Subsidiaries..................................................................................38 6.7 Taxes.........................................................................................38 6.8 No Defaults...................................................................................38 6.9 Compliance with Laws..........................................................................38 6.10 Enforceability of Agreement and Loan Documents................................................39 6.11 Non-contravention -- Company..................................................................39 6.12 Non-contravention -- Other Parties............................................................39 6.13 No Litigation -- Company......................................................................39 6.14 No Litigation -- Other Parties................................................................40 6.15 Consents, Approvals and Filings, Etc..........................................................40 6.16 Agreements Affecting Financial Condition......................................................40 6.17 No Investment Company; No Margin Stock........................................................41 6.18 ERISA.........................................................................................41 6.19 Environmental Matters and Safety Matters......................................................41 6.20 Accuracy of Information.......................................................................42 7. AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS..................................................................................43 7.1 Preservation of Existence, Etc................................................................43 7.2 Keeping of Books..............................................................................43 7.3 Reporting Requirements........................................................................43 7.4 Tangible Net Worth............................................................................45 7.5 Leverage Ratio................................................................................45 7.6 Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio...................................................................45 7.7 Inspections...................................................................................45 7.8 Taxes.........................................................................................45 7.9 Further Assurances............................................................................46 - ii - TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page 7.10 Insurance.....................................................................................46 7.11 Indemnification...............................................................................46 7.12 Governmental and Other Approvals..............................................................46 7.13 Compliance with Contractual Obligations and Laws..............................................47 7.14 ERISA.........................................................................................47 7.15 Environmental Matters.........................................................................48 7.16 Post-Closing Pledges and Guaranties; Future Subsidiaries......................................49 7.17 Foreign Subsidiaries Security.................................................................50 7.18 Reserved......................................................................................50 7.19 German Drop Down..............................................................................50 7.20 Vishay Israel.................................................................................50 7.21 Use of Proceeds...............................................................................51 8. NEGATIVE COVENANTS.....................................................................................51 8.1 Capital Structure, Business Objects or Purpose................................................51 8.2 Limitations on Fundamental Changes............................................................51 8.3 Guaranties....................................................................................52 8.4 Debt..........................................................................................52 8.5 Liens.........................................................................................54 8.6 Dividends.....................................................................................54 8.7 Investments...................................................................................54 8.8 Accounts Receivable...........................................................................56 8.9 Transactions with Affiliates..................................................................56 8.10 Operations of Vishay Israel...................................................................56 8.11 Prohibition Against Certain Restrictions......................................................56 8.12 Amendment of the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement or Lite-On Documents.............................56 9. DEFAULTS...............................................................................................57 9.1 Events of Default.............................................................................57 9.2 Exercise of Remedies..........................................................................59 9.3 Rights Cumulative.............................................................................59 9.4 Waiver by Company and Permitted Borrowers of Certain Laws; JURY WAIVER........................................................................................59 9.5 Waiver of Defaults............................................................................60 9.6 Cross-Default.................................................................................60 - iii - TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page 10. PAYMENTS, RECOVERIES AND COLLECTIONS...................................................................60 10.1 Payment Procedure.............................................................................60 10.2 Application of Proceeds.......................................................................62 10.3 Pro-rata Recovery.............................................................................62 10.4 Set Off.......................................................................................62 11. CHANGES IN LAW OR CIRCUMSTANCES; INCREASED COSTS.......................................................63 11.1 Reimbursement of Prepayment Costs.............................................................63 11.2 Eurocurrency Lending Office...................................................................64 11.3 Availability of Alternative Currency..........................................................64 11.4 Refunding Advances in Same Currency...........................................................64 11.5 Circumstances Affecting Eurocurrency-based Rate Availability..................................64 11.6 Laws Affecting Eurocurrency-based Advance Availability........................................65 11.7 Increased Cost of Eurocurrency-based Advances.................................................65 11.8 Indemnity.....................................................................................66 11.9 Judgment Currency.............................................................................67 11.10 Capital Adequacy and Other Increased Costs....................................................67 11.11 Substitution of Lenders.......................................................................68 12. AGENTS.................................................................................................68 12.1 Appointment of Agent..........................................................................68 12.2 Deposit Account with Agent....................................................................69 12.3 Exculpatory Provisions........................................................................69 12.4 Successor Agent...............................................................................69 12.5 Loans by Agents...............................................................................69 12.6 Credit Decisions..............................................................................70 12.7 Notices by Agent..............................................................................70 12.8 Agent's Fees..................................................................................70 12.9 Nature of Agency..............................................................................70 12.10 Authority of Agent to Enforce This Agreement..................................................70 12.11 Indemnification...............................................................................71 12.12 Knowledge of Default..........................................................................71 12.13 Agent's Authorization; Action by Lenders......................................................71 12.14 Enforcement Actions by the Agent..............................................................71 12.15 Managers and Lead Managers....................................................................72 - iv - TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page 13. MISCELLANEOUS..........................................................................................72 13.1 Accounting Principles.........................................................................72 13.2 Consent to Jurisdiction.......................................................................72 13.3 Law of Michigan...............................................................................73 13.4 Interest......................................................................................73 13.5 Closing Costs; Other Costs....................................................................73 13.6 Notices.......................................................................................74 13.7 Further Action................................................................................74 13.8 Successors and Assigns; Assignments and Participations........................................74 13.9 Indulgence....................................................................................77 13.10 Counterparts..................................................................................77 13.11 Amendment and Waiver..........................................................................77 13.12 Taxes and Fees................................................................................78 13.13 Confidentiality...............................................................................78 13.14 Withholding Taxes.............................................................................78 13.15 ERISA Restrictions............................................................................79 13.16 Effective Date................................................................................80 13.17 Severability..................................................................................80 13.18 Table of Contents and Headings; Construction of Certain Provisions............................81 13.19 Independence of Covenants.....................................................................81 13.20 Reliance on and Survival of Various Provisions................................................81 13.21 Complete Agreement............................................................................81 - v - TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) SCHEDULES Schedule 1.1 - Percentages and Allowances Schedule 1.3 - TEMIC Parties Schedule 1.5 - TEMIC Subsidiaries Schedule 1.6 - Permitted Borrower Sublimit Schedule 1.7 - Stock Option Plans Schedule 4.1 - Pricing Matrix Schedule 5.5 - Subsidiaries Schedule 6.6 - Subsidiaries Schedule 6.6A - Significant Subsidiaries to be Guarantors Schedule 6.6B - Significant Subsidiaries whose Share Capital to be Pledged Schedule 6.13 - Litigation - Company Schedule 6.14 - Litigation - Other Parties Schedule 7.15 - Environmental Auditors Schedule 7.16 - Post Closing Pledges and Guaranties Schedule 8.3 - Guaranties of Indebtedness Schedule 8.5 - Existing Liens Schedule 8.7 - Existing Investments EXHIBITS FORM OF REQUEST FOR REVOLVING CREDIT ADVANCE.....................................................................A FORM OF REVOLVING CREDIT NOTE -- COMPANY.......................................................................B-1 FORM OF REVOLVING CREDIT NOTE -- PERMITTED BORROWERS...........................................................B-2 RESERVED.........................................................................................................C FORM OF COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE...................................................................................D FORM OF ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT.....................................................................................E RESERVED.........................................................................................................F FORM OF VISHAY GUARANTY........................................................................................G-1 FORM OF DOMESTIC GUARANTY......................................................................................G-2 FORM OF PERMITTED FOREIGN BORROWERS GUARANTY...................................................................G-3 FORM OF PERMITTED BORROWER ADDENDUM..............................................................................H
- vi - SHORT TERM REVOLVING CREDIT AGREEMENT THIS SHORT TERM REVOLVING CREDIT AGREEMENT ("Agreement") is made as of the 2nd day of March, 1998 by and among the Lenders signatory hereto (individually, "Lender", and collectively "Lenders"), Comerica Bank, as administrative agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, "Agent"), Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Company") and the Permitted Borrowers (as defined below) from time to time signatory hereto. RECITALS: A. Company has requested that the Lenders extend to it and to the Permitted Borrowers credit in the aggregate amount of up to Two Hundred Seventy Five Million Dollars ($275,000,000) consisting of the Revolving Credit (as defined below), on the terms and conditions set forth herein. B. The Lenders are prepared to extend such credit, as aforesaid, but only on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. NOW THEREFORE, COMPANY, PERMITTED BORROWERS, AGENT, AND THE LENDERS AGREE: 1. DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this Agreement the following terms will have the following meanings: "Advance(s)" shall mean, as the context may indicate, a borrowing requested by Company or by a Permitted Borrower, and made by Lenders under Section 2.1 of this Agreement, as the case may be (including without limitation any readvance, refunding or conversion of such borrowing pursuant to Section 2.3 hereof) and shall include, as applicable, a Eurocurrency-based Advance, and a Prime-based Advance. "Affiliate" shall mean, with respect to any Person, any other Person or group acting in concert in respect of the first Person that, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with such first Person. For purposes of this definition, "control" (including, with correlative meanings, the terms "controlled by" and "under common control with"), as used with respect to any Person or group of Persons, shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of management and policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities or by contract or otherwise. "Agent" shall mean Comerica Bank, a Michigan banking corporation, acting as administrative agent hereunder or any successor administrative agent appointed in accordance with Section 12.4 hereof. 1 "Agents" shall mean Agent and Syndication Agent. "Agent's Correspondent" shall mean for Advances in eurodollars, Agent's Grand Cayman Branch (or for the account of said branch office, at Agent's main office in Detroit, Michigan, United States); for Advances in other Alternative Currencies, at such bank or banks as Agent may from time to time designate by written notice to Company, the Permitted Borrowers and the Lenders. "Agent's Fees" shall mean those fees and expenses required to be paid by Company to Agent under Section 12.8 hereof. "Alternate Base Rate" shall mean, for any day, an interest rate per annum equal to the Federal Funds Effective Rate in effect on such day, plus one percent (1%). "Alternative Currency" shall mean each of the following currencies, as applicable hereunder: French Francs ("FF"), Japanese Yen ("(Y)"), Deutsche Marks ("DM"), British Pounds Sterling ("Sterling") and, subject to availability and to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, such other freely convertible foreign currencies (which, when referred to herein or in any of the Loan Documents, shall be referred to using the currency codes in effect from time to time under ISO International Standard 4217, or any such successor publication or standard) as requested by the Company or the Permitted Borrowers and acceptable to Agent and the Lenders, in their reasonable discretion. "Applicable Fee Percentage" shall mean, as of any date of determination thereof, the applicable percentage used to calculate certain of the fees due and payable hereunder, determined by reference to the appropriate columns in the Pricing Matrix attached to this Agreement as Schedule 4.1. "Applicable Interest Rate" shall mean the Eurocurrency-based Rate and the Prime-based Rate as selected by Company or a Permitted Borrower from time to time subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement. "Applicable Margin" shall mean, as of any date of determination thereof, the applicable interest rate margin, determined by reference to the appropriate columns in the Pricing Matrix attached to this Agreement as Schedule 4.1. "Assignment Agreement" shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 13.8(c) hereof. "Authorized Officer" shall mean the Vice Chairman, Director of Corporate Treasury, CFO, or the Director Corporate Controller of the Company or any applicable Subsidiary, as the case may be, or any person otherwise designated by the Company or such Subsidiary, as the case may be, as having the authority to act for the Company or such Subsidiary in the particular instance. "Business Day" shall mean any day on which commercial banks are open for domestic and international business (including dealings in foreign exchange) in Dallas, Detroit, London, New 2 York and (except with respect to any Prime-based Advances) Frankfurt am Main, and if funds are to be paid or made available in any Alternative Currency, on such day in the place where such funds are to be paid or made available. "Capital Expenditures" shall mean, without duplication, any amounts paid or accrued for a period in respect of any purchase or other acquisition for value of fixed or capital assets net of the cash proceeds of any grant received during such period by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from the government of Israel (or any agency or political subdivision thereof) under the Israeli Capital Investment Act, up to the aggregate amount of capital additions in Israel during such period; provided that, in no event shall Capital Expenditures include amounts expended in respect of normal repair and maintenance of plant facilities, machinery, fixtures and other like capital assets utilized in the ordinary conduct of business (to the extent such amounts would not be capitalized in preparing a balance sheet determined in accordance with GAAP). "Closing Fee" shall mean that certain fee payable to the Lenders in connection with the execution and delivery of the Loan Agreements in the amounts (based on final allocations) set forth in the letter supplementing the Offering Memorandum. "Collateral" shall mean all property or rights in which a security interest, mortgage, lien or other encumbrance for the benefit of the Lenders is or has been granted or arises or has arisen, under or in connection with this Agreement, the other Loan Documents, or otherwise. "Company" is defined in the Preamble. "Company Guaranty" shall mean that certain amended and restated guaranty of all of the Indebtedness outstanding from the Permitted Borrowers, executed and delivered by the Company to the Agent, on behalf of the Lenders, in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit G-1, as of the date hereof, as amended or otherwise modified from time to time. "Contractual Obligation" shall mean, as to any Person, any provision of any security issued by such Person or of any agreement, instrument or undertaking to which such Person is a party or by which it or any of its property is bound. "Consolidated" or "Consolidating" shall, when used with reference to any financial information pertaining to (or when used as a part of any defined term or statement pertaining to the financial condition of) Company and its Subsidiaries mean the accounts of Company and its Subsidiaries determined on a consolidated or consolidating basis, as the case may be, all determined as to principles of consolidation and, except as otherwise specifically required by the definition of such term or by such statements, as to such accounts, in accordance with GAAP, applied on a consistent basis and consistent with the financial statements, if any, as at and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997. "Consolidated EBITDA" shall mean the Net Income of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries for any period adjusted (A) to include the Net Income of any Person accrued during such period but prior to the date it became a Subsidiary of the Company or is merged into or 3 consolidated with the Company and (B) to exclude, without duplication, the following items of income or expense to the extent that such items are included in the calculation of such Net Income all on a Consolidated basis (adjusted as set forth in clause (A) hereof): (a) Interest Expense, (b) any non-cash expenses and charges, (c) total income tax expense, (d) depreciation expense, (e) the expense associated with amortization of intangible and other assets, (f) non-cash provisions for reserves for discontinued operations, (g) any extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring gains or losses or charges or credits, (h) any gain or loss associated with the sale or write-down of assets, (i) any gain or loss from or attributable to minority interests and (j) any gain or loss accounted for by the equity method of accounting (except in the case of income to the extent of the amount of cash dividends or cash distributions paid to the Company or any Subsidiary by the entity accounted for by the equity method of accounting). "Counsel's Memorandum" is defined in the definition of German Drop Down. "Covenant Compliance Report" shall mean the report to be furnished by the Company to the Agent, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D, as such exhibit may be amended or otherwise modified from time to time by the Required Lenders, and certified by the chief financial officer of the Company pursuant to Section 7.3(c), hereof, for the purpose of monitoring the Company's and each Permitted Borrower's compliance herewith and to notify the Lenders of the acquisition or creation of new Subsidiaries. "Current Dollar Equivalent" shall mean, as of any applicable date of determination, with respect to any Advance made, issued or carried in an Alternative Currency, the amount of Dollars which is equivalent to the then outstanding principal amount of such Advance at the most favorable spot exchange rate determined by the Agent to be available to it for the sale of Dollars for such Alternative Currency for delivery at approximately 11:00 A.M. (Detroit time) two (2) Business Days after such date. Alternative Currency equivalents of Advances in Dollars (to the extent used herein) shall be determined by Agent in a manner consistent herewith. "Dale Electronics" shall mean Dale Electronics, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a Subsidiary of the Company. "Debt" shall mean, as of any applicable date of determination, all items of indebtedness, obligation or liability of a Person, whether matured or unmatured, liquidated or unliquidated, direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, joint or several, that should be classified as liabilities on a balance sheet and/or in accompanying footnotes in accordance with GAAP. "Default" shall mean any event which, with the giving of notice or the passage of time, or both, would constitute an Event of Default. "DM Loan Agreement" shall mean that certain Amended and Restated Vishay Electronic/VBG DM 40,000,000 Revolving Credit and DM 9,506,000 Term Loan Agreement, dated as of July 18, 1994, among Vishay Europe (then known as Vishay Beteiligungs GmbH), certain financial institutions and Agent, as amended. 4 "Dollar Amount" shall mean (i) with respect to each Advance made, issued or carried (or to be made, issued or carried) in Dollars, the principal amount thereof and (ii) with respect to each Advance made, issued or carried (or to be made or carried) in an Alternative Currency, the amount of Dollars which is equivalent to the principal amount of such Advance at the most favorable spot exchange rate determined by the Agent to be available to it for the sale of Dollars for such Alternative Currency at approximately 11:00 A.M. (Detroit time) two (2) Business Days before such Advance is made or issued (or to be made or issued), as such Dollar Amount may be adjusted from time to time pursuant to Section 2.11 hereof. When used with respect to any Alternative Currency portion of an Advance being repaid or remaining outstanding at any time or with respect to any other sum expressed in an Alternative Currency, "Dollar Amount" shall mean the amount of Dollars which is equivalent to the principal amount of such Advance, or the amount so expressed in such Alternative Currency, at the most favorable spot exchange rate determined by the Agent to be available to it for the sale of Dollars for such Alternative Currency at the relevant time. Alternative Currency amounts of Advances made, carried or expressed in Dollars (to the extent used herein) shall be determined by Agent in a manner consistent herewith. "Dollars" and the sign "$" shall mean lawful money of the United States of America. "Domestic Advance" shall mean any Advance other than a Eurocurrency-based Advance or any other Advance denominated in an Alternative Currency. "Domestic Guaranty" shall mean that certain guaranty of all Indebtedness outstanding from the Company and the Permitted Borrowers, executed and delivered (or to be executed and delivered) by each of the Significant Domestic Subsidiaries (whether by execution thereof, or by execution of the Joinder Agreement attached as "Exhibit A" to the form of such Guaranty), to the Agent, on behalf of the Lenders, in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit G-2, as amended from time to time. "Domestic Permitted Borrower" shall mean any Permitted Borrower which is a Domestic Subsidiary. "Domestic Subsidiary" shall mean any Subsidiaries of the Company incorporated under the laws of the United States of America, or any state, territory, possession or other political subdivision thereof which is a domestic Subsidiary for purposes of Section 956 of the Internal Revenue Code; and "Domestic Subsidiaries" shall mean any or all of them. "EBITDA" shall mean, of any Person, for any period, the Net Income of such Person for such period adjusted to exclude, without duplication, the following items of income or expense to the extent that such items are included in the calculation of such Net Income: (a) Interest Expense, (b) any non-cash expenses and charges, (c) total income tax expense, (d) depreciation expense, (e) the expense associated with amortization of intangible and other assets, (f) non-cash provisions for reserves for discontinued operations, (g) any extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring gains or losses or charges or credits, (h) any gain or loss associated with the sale or write-down of assets, (i) any gain or loss from or attributable to minority interests and (j) any gain or loss accounted for by the equity method of accounting (except in the case of income to the extent of the amount of cash 5 dividends or cash distributions paid to such Person or any Subsidiary of such Person by the entity accounted for by the equity method of accounting). "Effective Date" shall mean the date on which all of the conditions precedent set forth in Sections 5.1 through 5.15 hereof have been satisfied. "Environmental Auditors" shall mean, when selected or retained by the Company or the Agents, as the case may be hereunder, such counsel, engineering or testing firms or other experienced, reputable environmental consultants reasonably acceptable to the Required Lenders. "Environmental Audits" shall mean those environmental audits conducted in connection with the TEMIC Acquisition and set forth on Schedule 7.15 hereto. "Equity Offering" shall mean the issuance and sale for cash, on or after the date hereof, by Company or any of its Subsidiaries of additional capital stock or other equity interests. "Equity Offering Adjustment" shall mean that amount to be added to the minimum Tangible Net Worth required to be maintained under Section 7.4 hereof consisting of an amount equal to seventy-five percent (75%) of each Equity Offering conducted by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, net of costs of issuance, on and after January 1, 1998, on a cumulative basis. "ERISA" shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or any successor act or code, and the regulations in effect from time to time thereunder. "ERISA Affiliate" shall mean any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) which is under common control with the Company within the meaning of Section 4001 of ERISA or is part of a group which includes the Company and would be treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Internal Revenue Code. "Eurocurrency Rate" shall mean with respect to each Eurocurrency-based Advance carried in any Alternative Currency (and each Eurocurrency-Interest Period pertaining thereto) the per annum interest rate determined by the Agent to be the offered rate for deposits in such currency with a term comparable to such Interest Period that appears on the applicable Telerate Page at approximately 11:00 a.m., London time, two Business Days prior to the beginning of such Interest Period; provided, however, that if at any time for any reason such offered rate for any such currency does not appear on a Telerate Page, "Eurocurrency Rate" shall mean, with respect to each such Advance denominated in such currency, the per annum interest rate at which deposits in the relevant currency are offered to Agent's Eurocurrency Lending Office by other prime banks in the eurocurrency market in an amount comparable to the relevant Eurocurrency-based Advance and for a period equal to the relevant Eurocurrency-Interest Period at approximately 11:00 A.M. Detroit time two (2) Business Days prior to the first day of such Eurocurrency-Interest Period. "Eurocurrency-based Advance" shall mean any Advance which bears interest at the Eurocurrency-based Rate. 6 "Eurocurrency-based Rate" shall mean a per annum interest rate which is equal to the sum of the Applicable Margin (subject, if applicable, to adjustment under Section 4.1 hereof), plus the quotient of: (A) (a) in the case of Eurocurrency-based Advances carried in Dollars, the Eurodollar Rate, or (b) in the case of Eurocurrency-based Advances carried in an Alternative Currency, the Eurocurrency Rate, divided by (B) a percentage equal to 100% minus the maximum rate on such date at which Agent is required to maintain reserves on 'Eurocurrency Liabilities' as defined in and pursuant to Regulation D of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or, if such regulation or definition is modified, and as long as Agent is required to maintain reserves against a category of liabilities which includes eurocurrency deposits or includes a category of assets which includes eurocurrency loans, the rate at which such reserves are required to be maintained on such category, all as conclusively determined by the Agent (absent manifest error), such sum to be rounded upward, if necessary, to the nearest whole multiple of 1/16th of 1%. "Eurocurrency-Interest Period" shall mean an interest period of one, two, three or six months (or any lesser or greater number of days agreed to in advance by Company or a Permitted Borrower, Agent and the Lenders) as selected by Company or such Permitted Borrower, as applicable, for a Eurocurrency-based Advance pursuant to Section 2.3 or 2.5 hereof, as the case may be. "Eurocurrency Lending Office" shall mean, (a) with respect to the Agent, Agent's office located at its Grand Caymans Branch or such other branch of Agent, domestic or foreign, as it may hereafter designate as its Eurocurrency Lending Office by written notice to Company, the Permitted Borrowers and the Lenders and (b) as to each of the Lenders, its office, branch or affiliate located at its address set forth on the signature pages hereof (or identified thereon as its Eurocurrency Lending Office), or at such other office, branch or affiliate of such Lender as it may hereafter designate as its Eurocurrency Lending Office by written notice to Company and Agent. "Eurodollar Rate" shall mean with respect to each Eurocurrency-based Advance carried in Dollars (and each Eurocurrency-Interest Period pertaining thereto) the per annum interest rate at which deposits in dollars are offered to Agent's Eurocurrency Lending Office by other prime banks in the eurocurrency market in an amount comparable to the relevant Eurocurrency-based Advance and for a period equal to the relevant Eurocurrency-Interest Period at approximately 11:00 A.M. Detroit time two (2) Business Days prior to the first day of such Eurocurrency-Interest Period. "Event of Default" shall mean any of the events specified in Section 9.1 hereof. 7 "Federal Funds Effective Rate" shall mean, for any day, a fluctuating interest rate per annum equal to the weighted average of the rates on overnight Federal funds transactions with members of the Federal Reserve System arranged by Federal funds brokers, as published for such day (or, if such day is not a Business Day, for the next preceding Business Day) by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, or, if such rate is not so published for any day which is a Business Day, the average of the quotations for such day on such transactions received by Agent from three Federal funds brokers of recognized standing selected by it. "Fee Letter" shall mean the fee letter in effect from time to time among Company and the Agent hereunder, as amended from time to time. "Fees" shall mean the Agent's Fees, the Closing Fee, the Revolving Credit Facility Fee, the Syndication Fee and the other fees and charges payable hereunder. "Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio" shall mean, with respect to the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries, as of any date of determination, a ratio, (i) the numerator of which shall be equal to Consolidated EBITDA for the preceding four fiscal quarters ending on the date of determination, minus Capital Expenditures during such period and (ii) the denominator of which shall be the Interest Expense of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries for such period, in each case determined in accordance with GAAP. "Foreign Subsidiary" shall mean any of the Company's Subsidiaries, other than a Domestic Subsidiary; and "Foreign Subsidiaries" shall mean any or all of them. "GAAP" shall mean generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, as in effect from time to time, consistently applied. "German Drop Down" shall mean the completion of the "drop down" procedure outlined in the memorandum of Company's German counsel dated February 24, 1998 ("Counsel's Memorandum") and in Schedule 1.5 hereto with respect to the IC Business, the Discrete Business (as defined in Counsel's Memorandum) and the other TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries, as confirmed by an opinion of Company's German Counsel. "Governmental Obligations" means noncallable direct general obligations of the United States of America or obligations the payment of principal of and interest on which is unconditionally guaranteed by the United States of America. "Guaranty Obligation" shall mean each and any guaranty or other guaranty obligation by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Debt of any other Person (excluding endorsements of instruments for deposit or collection in the ordinary course of business), including without limitation any and all agreements, contingent or otherwise to support the obligation of such other Person, whether or not denominated as a guaranty, any letter of credit reimbursement obligations and any other agreement or undertaking which would constitute a guaranty for purposes of GAAP. 8 "Guaranties" shall mean the Company Guaranty and the Domestic Guaranty and "Guaranty" shall mean each or all of them. "Guarantor(s)" shall mean each Significant Subsidiary which is required by the Lenders to guarantee the obligations of the Company and/or the Permitted Borrowers hereunder and under the other Loan Documents. "Hazardous Material" shall mean and include any hazardous, toxic or dangerous waste, substance or material defined as such in (or for purposes of) the Hazardous Material Laws. "Hazardous Material Law(s)" shall mean all laws, codes, ordinances, rules, regulations, orders, decrees and directives issued by any federal, state, provincial, local, foreign or other governmental or quasi-governmental authority or body (or any agency, instrumentality or political subdivision thereof) pertaining to Hazardous Material on or about any facilities owned, leased or operated by Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any portion thereof including, without limitation, those relating to soil, surface, subsurface ground water conditions and the condition of the ambient air; and any state and local laws and regulations pertaining to Hazardous Material and/or asbestos; any so-called "superfund" or "superlien" law; and any other federal, state, provincial, foreign or local statute, law, ordinance, code, rule, regulation, order or decree regulating, relating to, or imposing liability or standards of conduct concerning, any hazardous, toxic or dangerous waste, substance or material, as now or at any time hereafter in effect. "Hedging Obligation(s)" shall mean Interest Rate Protection Agreements and any foreign currency exchange agreements (including without limitation foreign currency hedges and swaps) or other foreign exchange transactions, or any combination of such transactions or agreements or any option with respect to any such transactions or agreements entered into between Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries and a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender to manage existing or anticipated foreign exchange risk and not for speculative purposes. "Hereof", "hereto", "hereunder" and similar terms shall refer to this Agreement in its entirety and not to any particular paragraph or provision of this Agreement. "IC Business" shall mean that portion of the Temic Semiconductor Business involving the design, marketing and manufacturing of integrated circuits, including "Communication ICs", "Automotive ICs", "MDPs" and "Asics" but not "Power ICs" (as such terms are understood in the industry), as conducted through TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH and its direct and indirect subsidiaries, acquired by Company pursuant to the TEMIC Acquisition. "IC Adjustment" shall mean the adjustment to the Tangible Net Worth floor required to be maintained under Section 7.4 hereof determined (in accordance with GAAP) as of the last day of the fiscal quarter in which the IC Transfer shall occur in the amount of the change in Tangible Net Worth (whether positive or negative) which results from such sale, such that if, as a result of the IC Transfer, the Tangible Net Worth shall increase, the amount of said increase shall be added to the Tangible Net Worth required to be maintained hereunder and if the Tangible Net Worth shall 9 decrease as a result of such transfer, the amount of Tangible Net Worth required to be maintained hereunder shall be decreased by such amount. "IC Transfer" shall mean the transfer of the IC Business (pursuant to the German Drop Down or otherwise) for aggregate consideration paid in cash or by the assumption of Debt existing on the date of the transfer (and not incurred in contemplation thereof) in an amount not less than $110,000,000 (or the equivalent thereof in an Alternative Currency) or, in the case of a transfer of any part of the IC Business, the pro rata portion of such sum based on the value of the part so transferred, as reasonably determined by the Company, such consideration to be received on or before the effective date of such transfer and otherwise on reasonable or customary terms for sales of comparable property or assets, as determined by Company in its reasonable discretion. "Indebtedness" shall mean all indebtedness and liabilities, whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, owing by Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers to the Lenders (or any of them) or to the Agent, in any manner and at any time, under this Agreement or the Loan Documents, due or hereafter to become due, now owing or that may hereafter be incurred by the Company, any of the Permitted Borrowers or any of the Subsidiaries to, or acquired by, the Lenders (or any of them) or by Agent, and all net obligations with respect to Hedging Obligations entered into between Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries and a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender and any judgments that may hereafter be rendered on such indebtedness or any part thereof, with interest according to the rates and terms specified, or as provided by law, and any and all consolidations, amendments, renewals, replacements or extensions of any of the foregoing. "Intercompany Loan" shall mean any loan (or advance in the nature of a loan) by the Company or any Subsidiary to another Subsidiary, provided that each such loan or advance is subordinated in right of payment and priority to the Indebtedness on terms and conditions satisfactory to Agent and the Required Lenders. "Intercompany Loans, Advances or Investments" shall mean any Intercompany Loan, and any advance or investment by the Company or any Subsidiary (including without limitation any guaranty of obligations or indebtedness to third parties) to or in another Subsidiary. "Intercompany Notes" shall mean the promissory notes issued or to be issued by any Subsidiary to Company or to any Significant Domestic Subsidiary to evidence an Intercompany Loan. "Interest Expense" shall mean, for any Person and with respect to any period, the sum of the amount of interest paid or accrued in respect of such period, determined in accordance with GAAP. "Interest Period" shall mean a Eurocurrency-Interest Period commencing on the day a Eurocurrency-based Advance is made, or on the effective date of an election of the Eurocurrency-based Rate made under Section 2.3 hereof, as the case may be; provided, however that (i) any Interest Period which would otherwise end on a day which is not a Business Day shall end on the next succeeding Business Day, except that as to a Eurocurrency-Interest Period, if the next succeeding Business Day falls in another calendar month, such Eurocurrency-Interest Period shall 10 end on the next preceding Business Day, and (ii) when a Eurocurrency-Interest Period begins on a day which has no numerically corresponding day in the calendar month during which such Eurocurrency-Interest Period is to end, it shall end on the last Business Day of such calendar month, and (iii) no Interest Period shall extend beyond the Revolving Credit Maturity Date. "Interest Rate Protection Agreement(s)" shall mean any interest rate, swap, cap, floor, collar, forward rate agreement or other rate protection transaction, or any combination of such transactions or agreements or any option with respect to any such transactions or agreements now existing or hereafter entered into by Company or any of its Subsidiaries to manage existing or anticipated interest rate risk and not for speculative purposes. "Internal Revenue Code" shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, and the regulations promulgated thereunder. "Investment" shall mean any loan or advance by Company or any of its Subsidiaries to, or any other loan, advance or investment by Company or any of its Subsidiaries in, any Person (including without limitation, any Subsidiary of Company), without offset, reduction or other adjustment, whether such loan, advance or investment shall be in the nature of an investment in shares of stock or other capital or securities, general or limited partnership, limited liability company or joint venture interests, evidences of indebtedness or otherwise. "Joinder Agreement" shall mean a joinder agreement in the form attached as Exhibit A to the form of the Domestic Guaranty, to be executed and delivered by any Person required to be a Guarantor pursuant to Section 7.16 of this Agreement. "Joint Venture" shall mean any corporation, partnership, association, joint stock company, limited liability company, partnership, business trust or other combined enterprise, other than a Subsidiary, in which (or to which) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has made a loan, investment or advance or has an ownership stake or interest, whether in the nature of Share Capital or otherwise (but expressly excluding Permitted Investments) to fund a business enterprise. "Lender(s)" shall mean each of the Lenders signatory hereto and any assignee which becomes a Lender pursuant to Section 13.8(c) hereof. "Leverage Ratio" shall mean, as of any date of determination, with respect to the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries, the ratio of (a) Total Indebtedness as of such day to (b) Consolidated EBITDA for the four consecutive fiscal quarters then ending. "Lien" shall mean any pledge, assignment, hypothecation, mortgage, security interest, deposit arrangement, option, trust receipt, conditional sale or title retaining contract, sale and leaseback transaction, or any other type of lien, charge or encumbrance, whether based on common law, statute or contract. "Lite-On Documents" shall mean the Lite-On Joint Venture Agreement, the Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of April 25,1997 by and among the Company and the shareholders of LPSC, 11 the Stock Appreciation Right Agreement dated as of July 17, 1997 by and between the Company and Lite-On Joint Venture, and such other material agreements as entered among such parties (or their affiliates) pursuant thereto or in connection therewith, each as amended (subject to the terms hereof) from time to time. "Lite-On Joint Venture Agreement" shall mean the Joint Venture Agreement dated as of April 25, 1997 by and between the Company and Lite-On Joint Venture, a company formed under the laws of Taiwan, relating to the acquisition by the Company of LPSC, as amended (subject to the terms hereof), from time to time. "Loan Agreements" shall mean this Agreement and the Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement. "Loan Documents" shall mean collectively, this Agreement, the Guaranties, the Pledge Agreements, Hedging Obligations entered into between Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries and a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender, and any other documents, instruments or agreements executed pursuant to or in connection with any such document, or this Agreement as such documents may be amended or otherwise modified from time to time. "Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement" shall mean that certain Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of the date hereof among the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, certain financial institutions and the Agent, as amended or otherwise modified from time to time. "LPSC" shall mean Lite-On Power Semiconductor Corporation, a company formed under the laws of Taiwan. "Multiemployer Plan" shall mean any multiemployer plan within the meaning of Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA. "Net Income" shall mean the net income (or loss) of a Person for any period determined in accordance with GAAP. "Net Income Adjustment" shall mean that amount to be added to the minimum Tangible Net Worth required to be maintained under Section 7.4 hereof consisting of fifty percent (50%) of Company's Consolidated Net Income for each of the Company's fiscal quarters ending after March 31, 1998 (in each case, only if a positive number), on a cumulative basis. "New Equity" shall mean capital stock or other equity interests issued and sold for cash on or after the date of this Agreement, by Company or any of its Subsidiaries, excluding capital stock issued by any Subsidiary to Company to evidence additional equity Investments by Company in its Subsidiaries and excluding the proceeds of any stock issued and sold to employees (other than as part of a public offering). "Notes" shall mean the Revolving Credit Notes or any or all of the Revolving Credit Notes, as the context indicates, and in the absence of such indication, all such notes. 12 "Offering Memorandum" shall mean the Offering Memorandum to the Lenders dated January, 1998. "Pamela Holdings" shall mean Pamela Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH, a company organized under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany, one hundred percent (100%) of the share capital of which is owned (directly or indirectly) by Company. "PBGC" shall mean the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation under ERISA, or any successor corporation. "Pension Plan" shall mean each employee pension benefit plan, as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA, of the Company or an ERISA Affiliate but only to the extent such Pension Plan is subject to ERISA, as provided in Section 4 of ERISA, and is subject to Section 412 of the Internal Revenue Code and Section 302 of ERISA other than a Multiemployer Plan. "Percentage" shall mean, with respect to any Lender, its percentage share, as set forth on Schedule 1.1 hereto, of the Revolving Credit, as such Schedule may be revised from time to time by Agent in accordance with Section 13.8(d) hereof. "Permitted Acquisition" shall mean any acquisition by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of assets, businesses or business interests or shares of stock or other ownership interests of or in any Person, conducted while no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing hereunder (both before and after giving effect thereto) in accordance with the following requirements: (a) Such acquisition is of a business or Person primarily engaged in a line of business in which the Company or any Subsidiary is permitted to engage under Section 8.1(b) hereof; (b) The board of directors (or other Person(s) exercising similar functions) of the seller of the assets or issuer of the shares of stock or other ownership interests being acquired shall have approved such transaction or recommended that such transaction be approved; (c) in the event that the value of such proposed new acquisition, computed on the basis of total acquisition consideration paid or incurred, or to be paid or incurred, by the Company or its Subsidiaries with respect thereto, including all indebtedness which is assumed or to which such assets, businesses or business or ownership interests or shares, or any Person so acquired, is subject, but excluding the value of any common shares transferred as a part of such acquisition, shall be (i) greater than or equal to Fifty Million Dollars ($50,000,000), determined as of the date of such acquisition, then not less than fifteen (15) nor more than ninety (90) days prior to the date each such proposed acquisition is scheduled to be consummated, the Company provides written notice thereof to Agent, accompanied by (A) the term sheet, purchase agreement and, when available, drafts of all material documents pertaining to such proposed acquisition, (B) historical financial information (including, but not limited to, income statements, balance sheets and cash flows) covering either the three most recent 13 complete fiscal years of the acquisition target prior to the effective date of the acquisition or the entire credit history of the acquisition target, whichever period is shorter, and the quarterly financial statements of the acquisition target for the fiscal quarter then ending (provided however that, if the financial information referred to in this subparagraph (B) is not available, Company shall furnish Agent with financial information otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Required Lenders) and (C) Pro Forma Projected Financial Information, or (ii) less than Fifty Million Dollars ($50,000,000) but greater than or equal to Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000), then not less than ten (10) Business Days after date each such proposed acquisition has been consummated, the Company provides written notice thereof to Agent (with certified copies of all material documents pertaining to such acquisition); whereupon Agent shall promptly upon its receipt thereof distribute copies of all notices and other materials received from Company under this clause (c) to each Lender; and (d) within thirty (30) days after any such acquisition has been completed, the Company, its Subsidiaries and any of the other business entities involved in such acquisition shall execute or cause to be executed, and provide or cause to be provided to Agent, any Loan Documents required under Section 7.16 hereof. "Permitted Borrower Addendum" shall mean an addendum substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit H, to be executed and delivered by each Permitted Borrower which becomes a party to this Agreement after the date hereof, as such Exhibit may be amended from time to time. "Permitted Borrower Sublimit" shall mean the maximum aggregate amount of Advances available at any time to each of the Permitted Borrowers hereunder, as set forth on Schedule 1.6 hereof. "Permitted Borrower(s)" shall mean any 100% Domestic Subsidiary which, after the Effective Date and with the prior written approval of the Lenders, becomes a party hereto pursuant to Section 2.1(a) hereof. "Permitted Company Encumbrances" shall mean, in addition to Permitted Encumbrances, those liens and encumbrances of the Company identified in Schedule 8.5, hereto. "Permitted Currencies" shall mean Dollars or any Alternative Currency. "Permitted Encumbrances" shall mean, with respect to any Person: (a) liens for taxes not yet due and payable or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently pursued, provided that such provision for the payment of all such taxes known to such Person has been made on the books of such Person as may be required by GAAP; 14 (b) mechanics', materialmen's, banker's, carriers', warehousemen's and similar liens and encumbrances arising in the ordinary course of business and securing obligations of such Person that are not overdue for a period of more than 60 days or are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently pursued, provided that in the case of any such contest (i) any proceedings commenced for the enforcement of such liens and encumbrances shall have been duly suspended; and (ii) such provision for the payment of such liens and encumbrances has been made on the books of such Person as may be required by GAAP; (c) liens arising in connection with worker's compensation, unemployment insurance, old age pensions (subject to the applicable provisions of this Agreement) and social security benefits which are not overdue or are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently pursued, provided that in the case of any such contest (i) any proceedings commenced for the enforcement of such liens shall have been duly suspended; and (ii) such provision for the payment of such liens has been made on the books of such Person as may be required by GAAP; (d) (i) liens incurred in the ordinary course of business to secure the performance of statutory obligations arising in connection with progress payments or advance payments due under contracts with the United States or any foreign government or any agency thereof entered into in the ordinary course of business and (ii) liens incurred or deposits made in the ordinary course of business to secure the performance of statutory obligations, bids, leases, fee and expense arrangements with trustees and fiscal agents and other similar obligations (exclusive of obligations incurred in connection with the borrowing of money, any lease-purchase arrangements or the payment of the deferred purchase price of property), provided that full provision for the payment of all such obligations set forth in clauses (i) and (ii) has been made on the books of such Person as may be required by GAAP; and (e) any minor imperfections of title, including but not limited to easements, covenants, rights-of-way or other similar restrictions, which, either individually or in the aggregate do not materially adversely affect the present or future use of the property to which they relate, which would have a material adverse effect on the sale or lease of such property, or which would render title thereto unmarketable. "Permitted Encumbrances of the Subsidiaries" shall mean, in addition to Permitted Encumbrances, those liens and encumbrances of the Subsidiaries identified in Schedule 8.5, hereto. "Permitted Investments" shall mean: (a) Governmental Obligations; (b) Obligations of a state of the United States, the District of Columbia or any possession of the United States, or any political subdivision thereof, which are described in Section 103(a) of the Internal Revenue Code and are rated in any of the highest 3 major rating categories as determined by at least one nationally recognized rating agency; or 15 secured, as to payments of principal and interest, by a letter of credit provided by a financial institution or insurance provided by a bond insurance company which itself or its debt is rated in the highest 3 major rating categories as determined by at least one Rating Agency; (c) Banker's acceptances, commercial accounts, certificates of deposit, or depository receipts issued by a bank, trust company, savings and loan association, savings bank or other financial institution whose deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and whose reported capital and surplus equal at least $500,000,000; (d) commercial paper with a minimum rating of "A-1" (or better) by S&P or "P- 1" (or better) by Moody's, full faith and credit direct obligations of the United States of America or, with respect to the Foreign Subsidiaries, of the central government of the applicable jurisdiction, or any agency thereof, certificates of deposit, and other short term investments (each of a duration of one year or less), maintained by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries consistent with the present investment practices of such parties (as classified in the current financial statements of such parties); (e) Secured repurchase agreements against obligations itemized in paragraph (a) above, and executed by a bank or trust company or by members of the association of primary dealers or other recognized dealers in United States government securities, the market value of which must be maintained at levels at least equal to the amounts advanced and repurchase agreements entered into with counterparties having ratings in either of the highest two rating categories by Moody's or S&P, or the highest rating category by Fitch Investor Services, Duff & Phelps or Thompson Bank Watch and providing for underlying securities to be held by a third party; (f) Any fund or other pooling arrangement which exclusively purchases and holds the investments itemized in (a) through (e) above; and (g) other short term investments (excluding investments in Subsidiaries, Affiliates or Joint Ventures) made or maintained by any Foreign Subsidiary outside of the United States of America in the ordinary course of its business, consistent with the present investment practices of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the date hereof (generally, and as to the individual and aggregate amounts and other terms thereof). "Permitted Siliconix Merger" shall mean the merger or other amalgamation of Vishay TEMIC Holdings (and any of its Subsidiaries) or Pamela Holdings (or any of its Subsidiaries) into Siliconix, but only after Siliconix has become a 100% Subsidiary. "Permitted Transfer" shall mean (i) any disposition of inventory or worn out or obsolete machinery, equipment or other such personal property in the ordinary course of business, (ii) the transfer by Company or its Subsidiaries to Vishay Israel or its wholly-owned direct subsidiaries existing under the laws of Israel of machinery and equipment in an aggregate amount (valued on the basis of the book value of such property on the date of acquisition thereof) of up to Fifty Million Dollars ($50,000,000) from and after the date hereof, (iii) the IC Transfer, and (iv) the transfer to 16 Siliconix by Pamela Holdings or any other Subsidiary of the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries, or all or any portion of the assets owned by the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries, on the date of consummation of the TEMIC Acquisition; provided that, both before and after any such transfer, no Default or Event of Default (whether or not related to such transfer), has occurred and is continuing under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents. "Permitted Transferee" shall mean a "Permitted Transferee" as defined in the Company's current Certificate of Incorporation, and any subsequent amendment of the definition of such term approved by the Required Lenders. "Person" shall mean an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust, incorporated or unincorporated organization, joint venture, joint stock company, or a government or any agency or political subdivision thereof or other entity of any kind. "Pledge Agreement(s)" shall mean the various stock pledge agreements, including any nantissements, notarial deeds, pledges of financial instrument accounts, or other local law pledges (and any of them) executed and delivered concurrently herewith or to be executed or delivered pursuant to Sections 5.5 and/or 7.16 hereof and, except with respect to those Pledge Agreements executed by or covering the share capital of a Significant Foreign Subsidiary, on behalf of any Lenders or their Affiliates (or any of them) under any Hedging Obligations, all by the Company and its Significant Subsidiaries in favor of the Agent, for and on behalf of the Lenders under this Agreement and the lenders under the Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement in form satisfactory to Agent and the Lenders, in their reasonable discretion, as amended or otherwise modified from time to time. "Prime Rate" shall mean the per annum interest rate established by Agent as its prime rate for its borrowers as such rate may vary from time to time, which rate is not necessarily the lowest rate on loans made by Agent at any such time. "Prime-based Advance" shall mean an Advance which bears interest at the Prime-based Rate. "Prime-based Rate" shall mean that rate of interest which is the greater of (i) the Prime Rate or (ii) the Alternate Base Rate. "Prior Credit Agreement" shall mean that certain Amended and Restated Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Credit Agreement dated as of July 18, 1994, among Company, certain financial institutions and Agent, as amended, which Prior Credit Agreement shall have no further effect or validity from and after the Effective Date. "Pro Forma Projected Financial Information" shall mean, as to any proposed acquisition, a statement executed by an Authorized Officer of the Company (supported by reasonable detail) setting forth the total consideration to be paid or incurred in connection with the proposed acquisition and, pro forma combined projected financial information for the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries and the acquisition target (if applicable), consisting of projected opening 17 balance sheets and covenant calculations as of the proposed effective date of the acquisition or the closing date and as of the end of at least the next succeeding three (3) fiscal years of Company following the acquisition and projected statements of income, balance sheets and cash flow statements for each of those years, including sufficient detail to permit calculation of the amounts and the financial covenants described in Sections 7.4 through 7.6 hereof, as projected as of the effective date of the acquisition and for those fiscal years and accompanied by (i) a statement setting forth a calculation of the ratios and amounts so described and (ii) a statement in reasonable detail specifying all material assumptions underlying the projections. "Prohibited Transaction" shall mean any transaction involving a Pension Plan which constitutes a "prohibited transaction" under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code. "Rating Agency" shall mean Fitch Investor Services, Inc., or Standard & Poor's Ratings Group, or Moody's Investor Service, Inc., or any of their respective successors, or any other nationally recognized rating agency, and "Rating Agencies" shall be the collective reference to any or all of the foregoing. "Register" is defined in Section 13.8(f) hereof. "Remaining Siliconix Acquisition" shall mean the purchase or other acquisition by Company or any of its Domestic Subsidiaries of all or any portion of the shares of stock of Siliconix. "Reportable Event" shall mean a "reportable event" within the meaning of Section 4043 of ERISA and the regulations promulgated thereunder, which is material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. "Request for Advance" shall mean a Request for Revolving Credit Advance. "Request for Revolving Credit Advance" shall mean a request for Revolving Credit Advance issued by the Company or by a Permitted Borrower and countersigned by the Company under Section 2.3(c) hereof, as the case may be, in the form attached annexed hereto as Exhibit A, as such form may be amended or otherwise modified from time to time. "Required Lenders" shall mean at any time Lenders holding 51% of the aggregate principal amount of the Indebtedness then outstanding hereunder or, if no Indebtedness is then outstanding, Lenders holding 51% of the Percentages. "Revalidation Date" shall mean the last day of the first calendar quarter to end at least sixty (60) days following the date of the Effective Date. "Revolving Credit" shall mean the revolving credit loan to be advanced to the Company or a Permitted Borrower by the Lenders pursuant to Section 2 hereof, in an aggregate amount (subject to the terms hereof), not to exceed, at any one time outstanding, the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment. 18 "Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment" shall mean Two Hundred Seventy-Five Million Dollars ($275,000,000), subject to any reductions in or termination of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment under Section 2.15 or 9.2 hereof. "Revolving Credit Facility Fee" shall mean the facility fee payable to Agent for distribution to the Lenders pursuant to Section 2.13, hereof. "Revolving Credit Maturity Date" shall mean the earlier to occur of (i) March 1, 1999, as such date may be extended from time to time pursuant to Section 2.16 hereof, and (ii) the date on which the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment shall be terminated pursuant to Section 2.15 or 9.2 hereof. "Revolving Credit Notes" shall mean the revolving credit notes which may be issued by Company or a Permitted Borrower at the request of a Lender pursuant to Section 2.2(e) hereof in the form annexed to this Agreement as Exhibit B-1 or B-2, as the case may be, as such Notes may be amended, renewed, replaced or extended from time to time. "Shares", "share capital", "capital stock", "stock" and words of similar import shall mean and refer to the equity capital interest under applicable law of any Person in a corporation or other business entity, howsoever such interest is created or arises, whether such capital consists of common stock, preferred stock or preference shares, or other stock, and whether such capital is evidenced by a certificate, share register entry or otherwise. "Significant Domestic Subsidiaries" shall mean those Domestic Subsidiaries identified as such on Schedule 6.6A hereto, and any Domestic Subsidiaries which become Significant Subsidiaries subsequent to the date hereof. "Significant Foreign Subsidiaries" shall mean those Foreign Subsidiaries identified as such on Schedule 6.6A hereto, and any Foreign Subsidiaries which become Significant Subsidiaries subsequent to the date hereof. "Significant Subsidiary" shall mean, on the Effective Date, those Subsidiaries identified as Significant Subsidiaries on Schedule 6.6A hereto (for purposes of determining the required Guarantors hereunder) and Schedule 6.6B hereto (for purposes of determining those Subsidiaries whose share capital is required to be encumbered by a Pledge Agreement hereunder), and thereafter shall mean the Significant Subsidiaries as of the Effective Date and all other Subsidiaries, whether existing as of the Effective Date or created or acquired by the Company thereafter, except any Subsidiary: (a) the total assets of which, on an individual basis, on any date of determination, are less than $5,000,000; and (b) which has, as of the most recent fiscal quarter then ending, for the four preceding fiscal quarters, an EBITDA of less than $1,000,000; 19 provided however that, notwithstanding the foregoing, Vishay Israel shall not be considered a Significant Subsidiary hereunder and each of Siliconix and LPSC shall not be considered Significant Subsidiaries hereunder unless and until becoming 100% Subsidiaries. "Siliconix" shall mean Siliconix Incorporated, a Delaware corporation. "Stockholder's Equity" shall mean (i) legal capital consisting of common or preferred stock, (ii) paid-in capital to the extent of the excess over par or stated value paid for capital stock and that created by a corporate readjustment and (iii) retained earnings consisting of cumulative Net Income reduced by dividends declared or paid. "Stock Option Plan" shall mean each employee stock option or other employee incentive plan listed on Schedule 1.7 hereto pursuant to which stock of the Company is distributed to directors, officers and/or employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries and other similar plans adopted by the Company or any Subsidiary subsequent to the date hereof in the ordinary course of business. "Stock Option Plan Debt" shall mean Debt issued by any Subsidiary to the Company in exchange for stock in the Company to be distributed pursuant to a Stock Option Plan, provided that (i) no payments of principal or interest may be made under such Debt so long as this Agreement or any of the Loan Documents remains outstanding, and (ii) such Debt shall be subordinated to the Indebtedness in all respects on terms and conditions reasonably satisfactory to the Agent and the Required Lenders. "Subsidiary(ies)" shall mean any corporation, association, joint stock company, limited liability company, partnership or business trust of which more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding voting stock or other ownership interests is owned either directly or indirectly by Company or one or more of its Subsidiaries or by Company and one or more of its Subsidiaries, or the management of which is otherwise controlled, directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, or both, by Company and/or its Subsidiaries. "100% Subsidiary(ies)" shall mean any of the Company's Subsidiaries whose stock (other than directors' or qualifying shares to the extent required under applicable law) or other ownership interests is owned 100% by any other 100% Subsidiary and/or the Company, and shall also include Vishay Israel. "Syndication Fee" shall mean those certain fees payable to the Agents in the amount set forth in the Fee Letter dated January 7, 1998. "Tangible Net Worth" shall mean, as of any date of determination, the total common shareholders' equity of the Company and its Subsidiaries on a Consolidated basis, together with the amount, if any, of preferred stock which is classified as part of shareholders' equity, as reflected on the most recent regularly prepared quarterly balance sheet of the Company and such Subsidiaries, which balance sheet shall be prepared in accordance with GAAP, minus the book amount of intangible assets including, without limitation, such items as goodwill, trademarks, trade names, copyrights, patents, licenses and rights in any intangible assets, and unamortized debt discount and expense, as of such date determined in accordance with GAAP, but excluding the effects of the 20 currency translation adjustment and of the pension adjustment under the additional minimum liability section of FASB 87. "TEMIC Acquisition" shall mean the acquisition by the Company, subject to the terms hereof, of the TEMIC Semiconductor Business, including, without limitation, not less than eighty percent (80%) of the common shares of Siliconix issued and outstanding on the date of the TEMIC Acquisition, for the price and on the terms set forth in the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement. "TEMIC Acquisition Agreement" shall mean that certain agreement and notarial deed governing the acquisition of the TEMIC Semiconductor Business entered into between the TEMIC Parties, as sellers, and the Company, Pamela Holdings and Vishay TEMIC Holdings, as purchasers, dated as of December 16, 1997, as amended (subject to the terms hereof) from time to time. "TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries" shall mean those Foreign Subsidiaries created or acquired by the Company pursuant to the TEMIC Acquisition. "TEMIC Parties" shall mean those sellers of the TEMIC Semiconductor Business identified in Schedule 1.3 hereto and signatories to the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement. "TEMIC Semiconductor Business" shall mean the business of, among other things, designing, marketing and manufacturing discrete electronic devices and integrated circuits and designing, marketing and manufacturing power and analog semiconductor products. "TEMIC Subsidiaries" shall mean those Subsidiaries created or acquired by the Company pursuant to the TEMIC Acquisition, as set forth on Schedule 1.5 hereof. "Total Indebtedness" shall mean, with respect to the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries, as of any date of determination, the sum, without duplication, of (a) the aggregate outstanding principal amounts of (i) Advances of the Revolving Credit outstanding as of such date, and (ii) any other revolving credit and other short-term and long-term indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries and any obligations under any letters of credit issued and outstanding under the Long Term Credit Agreement as of such date, (b) the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all long-term and short-term indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of such date and (c) all other interest-bearing indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries, whether short-term or long-term, as of such date. "Vishay Europe" shall mean Vishay Europe GmbH, a company organized under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany, formerly known as Vishay Beteiligungs GmbH. "Vishay Electronic" shall mean Vishay Electronic GmbH, a company organized under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany. "Vishay TEMIC Holdings" shall mean Vishay TEMIC Semiconductor Acquisition Holdings Corp., a Delaware corporation, one hundred percent (100%) of the share capital of which is owned (directly or indirectly) by Company. 21 "Vishay Israel" shall mean Vishay Israel Limited, a corporation organized under the laws of Israel and a Subsidiary of the Company. "Vishay Stock Plans" shall mean that certain 1986 Employee Stock Plan of Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., adopted by the board of directors of the Company on February 27, 1986, as such plan may be amended from time to time, and the Stock Option Plan, and any successor plans thereto. 2. REVOLVING CREDIT 2.1 Commitment. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement (including without limitation Section 2.3 hereof), each Lender severally and for itself alone agrees to make Advances of the Revolving Credit in any one or more of the Permitted Currencies to the Company or to any of the Permitted Borrowers from time to time on any Business Day during the period from the Effective Date hereof until (but excluding) the Revolving Credit Maturity Date in an aggregate amount, based on the Dollar Amount of any Advances outstanding in Dollars and the Current Dollar Equivalent of any Advances outstanding in Alternative Currencies, not to exceed at any one time outstanding such Lender's Percentage of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment. Except as provided in Section 2.12 hereof, for purposes of this Agreement, Advances in Alternative Currencies shall be determined, denominated and redenominated as set forth in Section 2.11 hereof. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, advances, repayments and readvances may be made under the Revolving Credit. Advances of the Revolving Credit shall be subject to the following additional conditions and limitations: (a) A Permitted Borrower shall not be entitled to request an Advance of the Revolving Credit hereunder until (i) it has become a party to this Agreement, either by execution and delivery of this Agreement, or by execution and delivery of a Permitted Borrower Addendum to this Agreement and (ii) it has become a party to the applicable Guaranty either by execution and delivery of such Guaranty or by execution an delivery of a Joinder Agreement to such Guaranty, and accompanied in each case by authority documents, legal opinions and other supporting documents as required by Agent and the Required Lenders hereunder. 2.2 Accrual of Interest and Maturity; Evidence of Indebtedness. (a) The Company and each Permitted Borrower hereby unconditionally promises to pay to the Agent for the account of each Lender the then unpaid principal amount of each Revolving Credit Advance of such Lender on the Revolving Credit Maturity Date and on such other dates and in such other amounts as may be required from time to time pursuant to this Agreement. (b) Each Lender shall maintain in accordance with its usual practice an account or accounts evidencing indebtedness of the Company and each Permitted Borrower to the appropriate lending office of such Lender resulting from each Revolving Credit Advance made by such lending office of such Lender from time to time, including the amounts of principal and interest payable thereon and paid to such Lender from time to time under this Agreement. 22 (c) The Agent shall maintain the Register pursuant to Section 13.8(f), and a subaccount therein for each Lender, in which Register and subaccounts (taken together) shall be recorded (i) the amount and applicable Permitted Currency of each Revolving Credit Advance made hereunder, the type thereof and each Interest Period applicable to any Eurocurrency-based Advance, (ii) the amount of any principal or interest due and payable or to become due and payable from the Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower, as the case may be, to each Lender hereunder in respect of the Revolving Credit Advances and (iii) both the amount of any sum received by the Agent hereunder from the Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower in respect of the Revolving Credit Advances and each Lender's share thereof. (d) The entries made in the Register and the accounts of each Lender maintained pursuant to paragraphs (b) and (c) of this Section 2.1 shall absent manifest error, to the extent permitted by applicable law, be conclusive evidence of the existence and amounts of the obligations of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers therein recorded; provided, however, that the failure of any Lender or the Agent to maintain the Register or any such account, as applicable, or any error therein, shall not in any manner affect the obligation of each of the Company and each Permitted Borrower to repay the Revolving Credit Advances (and all other amounts owing with respect thereto) made to the Company or such Permitted Borrower by such Lender in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. (e) The Company agrees that, upon written request to the Administrative Agent (with a copy to the Company) by any Lender, the Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers will execute and deliver, to such Lender, at the Company's (or such Permitted Borrower's) own expense, a Revolving Credit Note of each of the Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers evidencing the outstanding Revolving Credit Advances owing to such Lender; provided, that the delivery of such Revolving Credit Notes shall not be a condition precedent to the Effective Date. 2.3 Requests for and Refundings and Conversions of Advances. Company or a Permitted Borrower (with the countersignature of Company hereunder) may request an Advance of the Revolving Credit, refund any such Advance in the same type of Advance or convert any such Advance to any other type of Advance of the Revolving Credit only after delivery to Agent of a Request for Revolving Credit Advance executed by an Authorized Officer of Company or of such Permitted Borrower (with the countersignature of an Authorized Officer of the Company), subject to the following and to the remaining provisions hereof: (a) each such Request for Revolving Credit Advance shall set forth the information required on the Request for Advance form annexed hereto as Exhibit A-1, including without limitation: (i) the proposed date of such Advance, which must be a Business Day; (ii) whether such Advance is a refunding or conversion of an outstanding Advance; 23 (iii) whether such Advance is to be a Prime-based Advance or a Eurocurrency-based Advance, and, except in the case of a Prime-based Advance, the first Interest Period applicable thereto; and (iv) in the case of a Eurocurrency-based Advance, the Permitted Currency in which such Advance is to be made. (b) each such Request for Revolving Credit Advance shall be delivered to Agent by 12:00 noon (Detroit time) three (3) Business Days prior to the proposed date of Advance, except in the case of a Prime-based Advance, for which the Request for Advance must be delivered by 12:00 noon (Detroit time) on such proposed date; (c) on the proposed date of such Advance, the Dollar Amount of the principal amount of such requested Advance, plus the Dollar Amount of the principal amount of any other Advances of the Revolving Credit being requested on such date, plus the principal amount of all other Advances of the Revolving Credit then outstanding hereunder, in each case whether to Company or the Permitted Borrowers (using the Current Dollar Equivalent of any such Advances outstanding in any Alternative Currency, determined pursuant to the terms hereof as of the date of such requested Advance), shall not exceed the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment; (d) in the case of a Permitted Borrower, on the proposed date of such Advance, the principal amount of the Advance of the Revolving Credit being requested by such Permitted Borrower (determined and tested as aforesaid), plus the principal amount of any other Advances of the Revolving Credit being requested by such Permitted Borrower on such date, plus the principal amount of any other Advances of the Revolving Credit then outstanding to such Permitted Borrower hereunder (determined as aforesaid), shall not exceed the applicable Permitted Borrower Sublimit; (e) in the case of a Prime-based Advance, the principal amount of the initial funding of such Advance, as opposed to any refunding or conversion thereof, shall be at least $10,000,000; (f) in the case of a Eurocurrency-based Advance, the principal amount of such Advance, plus the amount of any other outstanding Advance of the Revolving Credit to be then combined therewith having the same Applicable Interest Rate and Interest Period, if any, shall be at least Fifteen Million Dollars ($15,000,000) or the equivalent thereof in an Alternative Currency (or a larger integral multiple of One Million Dollars ($1,000,000), or the equivalent thereof in the applicable Alternative Currency) and at any one time there shall not be in effect more than (x) for Advances to Company, ten (10) Applicable Interest Rates and Interest Periods, and (y) for Advances to each Permitted Borrower five (5) Applicable Interest Rates and Interest Periods for each such currency; (g) a Request for Revolving Credit Advance, once delivered to Agent, shall not be revocable by Company or the Permitted Borrowers; 24 (h) each Request for Revolving Credit Advance shall constitute a certification by the Company and the applicable Permitted Borrower, if any, as of the date thereof that: (i) both before and after such Advance, the obligations of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers set forth in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which such Persons are parties are valid, binding and enforceable obligations of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers, as the case may be; (ii) all conditions to Advances of the Revolving Credit have been satisfied, and shall remain satisfied to the date of such Advance (both before and after giving effect to such Advance); (iii) there is no Default or Event of Default in existence, and none will exist upon the making of such Advance (both before and after giving effect to such Advance); (iv) the representations and warranties contained in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects and shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the making of such Advance (both before and after giving effect to such Advance); and (v) the execution of such Request for Advance will not violate the material terms and conditions of any material contract, agreement or other borrowing of Company or the Permitted Borrowers. Agent, acting on behalf of the Lenders, may, at its option, lend under this Section 2 upon the telephone request of an Authorized Officer of Company or a Permitted Borrower and, in the event Agent, acting on behalf of the Lenders, makes any such Advance upon a telephone request, the requesting officer shall fax to Agent, on the same day as such telephone request, a Request for Advance. Company and Permitted Borrowers hereby authorize Agent to disburse Advances under this Section 2.3 pursuant to the telephone instructions of any person purporting to be a person identified by name on a written list of persons authorized by the Company and delivered to Agent prior to the date of such request to make Requests for Advance on behalf of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company and each Permitted Borrower acknowledge that Company and each such Permitted Borrower shall bear all risk of loss resulting from disbursements made upon any telephone request. Each telephone request for an Advance shall constitute a certification of the matters set forth in the Request for Revolving Credit Advance form as of the date of such requested Advance. 25 2.4 Disbursement of Advances. (a) Upon receiving any Request for Revolving Credit Advance from Company or a Permitted Borrower under Section 2.3 hereof, Agent shall promptly notify each Lender by wire, telex or telephone (confirmed by wire, telecopy or telex) of the amount and currency of such Advance to be made and the date such Advance is to be made by said Lender pursuant to its Percentage of such Advance. Unless such Lender's commitment to make Advances of the Revolving Credit hereunder shall have been suspended or terminated in accordance with this Agreement, each such Lender shall make available the amount of its Percentage of each Advance in immediately available funds in the currency of such Advance to Agent, as follows: (i) for Domestic Advances, at the office of Agent located at One Detroit Center, Detroit, Michigan 48226, not later than 3:00 p.m. (Detroit time) on the date of such Advance; and (ii) for Eurocurrency-based Advances, at the Agent's Correspondent for the account of the Eurocurrency Lending Office of the Agent, not later than 12 noon (the time of the Agent's Correspondent) on the date of such Advance. (b) Subject to submission of an executed Request for Revolving Credit Advance by Company or a Permitted Borrower (with the countersignature of the Company as aforesaid) without exceptions noted in the compliance certification therein, Agent shall make available to Company or to the applicable Permitted Borrower, as the case may be, the aggregate of the amounts so received by it from the Lenders in like funds and currencies: (i) for Domestic Advances, not later than 4:00 p.m. (Detroit time) on the date of such Advance by credit to an account of Company or such Permitted Borrower maintained with Agent or to such other account or third party as Company or such Permitted Borrower may reasonably direct; and (ii) for Eurocurrency-based Advances, not later than 4:00 p.m. (the time of the Agent's Correspondent) on the date of such Advance, by credit to an account of Company or such Permitted Borrower maintained with Agent's Correspondent or to such other account or third party as Company or such Permitted Borrower may reasonably direct. (c) Agent shall deliver the documents and papers received by it for the account of each Lender to such Lender or upon its order. Unless Agent shall have been notified by any Lender prior to the date of any proposed Advance that such Lender does not intend to make available to Agent such Lender's Percentage of such Advance, Agent may assume that such Lender has made such amount available to Agent on such date and in such currency, as aforesaid and may, in reliance upon such assumption, make available to Company or to 26 the applicable Permitted Borrower, as the case may be, a corresponding amount. If such amount is not in fact made available to Agent by such Lender, as aforesaid, Agent shall be entitled to recover such amount on demand from such Lender. If such Lender does not pay such amount forthwith upon Agent's demand therefor, the Agent shall promptly notify Company, and Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower shall pay such amount to Agent. Agent shall also be entitled to recover from such Lender or Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower, as the case may be, but without duplication, interest on such amount in respect of each day from the date such amount was made available by Agent to Company or such Permitted Borrower, as the case may be, to the date such amount is recovered by Agent, at a rate per annum equal to: (i) in the case of such Lender, for the first two (2) Business Days such amount remains unpaid, with respect to Domestic Advances, the Federal Funds Effective Rate, and with respect to Eurocurrency- based Advances, Agent's aggregate marginal cost (including the cost of maintaining any required reserves or deposit insurance and of any fees, penalties, overdraft charges or other costs or expenses incurred by Agent as a result of such failure to deliver funds hereunder) of carrying such amount and thereafter, at the rate of interest then applicable to such Revolving Credit Advances; and (ii) in the case of Company or such Permitted Borrower, the rate of interest then applicable to such Advance of the Revolving Credit. The obligation of any Lender to make any Advance of the Revolving Credit hereunder shall not be affected by the failure of any other Lender to make any Advance hereunder, and no Lender shall have any liability to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Agent, any other Lender, or any other party for another Lender's failure to make any loan or Advance hereunder. 2.5 Reserved. 2.6 Prime-based Interest Payments. Interest on the unpaid balance of all Prime-based Advances of the Revolving Credit from time to time outstanding shall accrue from the date of such Advance to the Revolving Credit Maturity Date (and until paid), at a per annum interest rate equal to the Prime-based Rate, and shall be payable in immediately available funds with respect to Advances of the Revolving Credit, quarterly commencing on the first day of the calendar quarter next succeeding the calendar month during which the initial Advance of the Revolving Credit is made and on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter. Interest accruing at the Prime-based Rate shall be computed on the basis of a 360 day year and assessed for the actual number of days elapsed, and in such computation effect shall be given to any change in the interest rate resulting from a change in the Prime-based Rate on the date of such change in the Prime-based Rate. 27 2.7 Eurocurrency-based Interest Payments. Interest on each Eurocurrency-based Advance of the Revolving Credit shall accrue at its Applicable Interest Rate and shall be payable in immediately available funds on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto (and, if any Interest Period shall exceed three months, then on the last Business Day of the third month of such Interest Period, and at three month intervals thereafter). Interest accruing at the Eurocurrency-based Rate shall be computed on the basis of a 360 day year (except that any such Advances made in Sterling or any other Alternative Currency with respect to which applicable law or market custom so requires shall be calculated based on a 365 day year, or as otherwise required under applicable law or market custom) and assessed for the actual number of days elapsed from the first day of the Interest Period applicable thereto to but not including the last day thereof. Interest due on a Eurocurrency-based Advance made in an Alternative Currency shall be paid in such Alternative Currency. 2.8 Interest Payments on Conversions. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the preceding sections, all accrued and unpaid interest on any Advance converted pursuant to Section 2.3 hereof shall be due and payable in full on the date such Advance is converted. 2.9 Interest on Default. In the event and so long as any Event of Default under Section 9.1(a) or 9.1(b) shall exist, interest shall be payable daily on all Eurocurrency-based Advances of the Revolving Credit from time to time outstanding at a per annum rate equal to the Applicable Interest Rate plus three percent (3%) for the remainder of the then existing Interest Period, if any, and at all other such times, with respect to Prime-based Advances from time to time outstanding, at a per annum rate equal to the Prime-based Rate plus three percent (3%), and, with respect to Eurocurrency-based Advances thereof in any Alternative Currency from time to time outstanding, (i) at a per annum rate calculated by the Agent, whose determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error, on a daily basis, equal to three percent (3%) above the interest rate per annum at which one (1) day deposits (or, if such amount due remains unpaid for more than three (3) Business Days, then for such other period of time as the Agent may elect which shall in no event be longer than six (6) months) in the relevant eurocurrency in the amount of such overdue payment due to the Agent are offered by the Agent's Eurocurrency Lending Office for the applicable period determined as provided above, or (ii) if at any such time such deposits are not offered by Eurocurrency Lending Office, then at a rate per annum equal to three percent (3%) above the rate determined by the Agent to be its aggregate marginal cost (including the cost of maintaining any required reserves or deposit insurance) of carrying the amount of such Eurocurrency-based Advance. 2.10 Prepayment. Company or the Permitted Borrowers may prepay all or part of the outstanding balance of any Prime-based Advance(s) of the Revolving Credit at any time, provided that the amount of any partial prepayment shall be at least One Million Dollars ($1,000,000) and, after giving effect to any such partial prepayment, the aggregate balance of Prime-based Advance(s) of the Revolving Credit remaining outstanding, if any, shall be at least Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000). Subject to Section 11.1 hereof, Company or the Permitted Borrowers may prepay all or part of any Eurocurrency-based Advance (subject to not less than two (2) Business Days' notice to Agent) provided that the amount of any such partial prepayment shall be at least One Million Dollars ($1,000,000), or the Current Dollar Equivalent thereof in an Alternative Currency, and, after 28 giving effect to any such partial prepayment, the unpaid portion of such Advance which is refunded or converted under Section 2.3 hereof shall be at least Fifteen Million Dollars ($15,000,000) or the Current Dollar Equivalent thereof in an Alternative Currency. Any prepayment made in accordance with this Section shall be subject to Section 11.1 hereof, but otherwise without premium, penalty or prejudice to the right to readvance under the terms of this Agreement. 2.11 Determination, Denomination and Redenomination of Alternative Currency Advances. Whenever, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement: (a) an Advance of the Revolving Credit is initially funded, as opposed to any refunding or conversion thereof, in an Alternative Currency, the amount to be advanced hereunder will be the equivalent in such Alternative Currency of the Dollar Amount of such Advance; (b) an existing Advance of the Revolving Credit denominated in an Alternative Currency is to be refunded, in whole or in part, with an Advance denominated in the same Alternative Currency, the amount of the new Advance shall be continued in the amount of the Alternative Currency so refunded; (c) an existing Advance of the Revolving Credit denominated in an Alternative Currency is to be converted, in whole or in part, to an Advance denominated in another Alternative Currency, the amount of the new Advance shall be that amount of the Alternative Currency of the new Advance which may be purchased, using the most favorable spot exchange rate determined by Agent to be available to it for the sale of Dollars for such other Alternative Currency at approximately 11:00 a.m. (Detroit time) two (2) Business Days prior to the last day of the Eurocurrency Interest Period applicable to the existing Advance, with the Dollar Amount of the existing Advance, or portion thereof being converted; and (d) an existing Advance of the Revolving Credit denominated in an Alternative Currency is to be converted, in whole or in part, to an Advance denominated in Dollars, the amount of the new Advance shall be the Dollar Amount of the existing Advance, or portion thereof being converted (determined as aforesaid). 2.12 Prime-based Advance in Absence of Election or Upon Default. If, (a) as to any outstanding Eurocurrency-based Advance of the Revolving Credit, Agent has not received payment of all outstanding principal and accrued interest on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto, or does not receive a timely Request for Advance meeting the requirements of Section 2.3 hereof with respect to the refunding or conversion of such Advance, or (b) subject to Section 2.9 hereof, if on such day a Default or an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, then the principal amount thereof which is not then prepaid in the case of a Eurocurrency-based Advance shall, absent a contrary election of the Required Lenders, be converted automatically to a Prime-based Advance and the Agent shall thereafter promptly notify Company of said action. If a Eurocurrency-based Advance converted hereunder is payable in an Alternative Currency, the Prime-based Advance shall be in an amount equal to the Dollar Amount of such Eurocurrency-based Advance at such time and the Agent and the Lenders shall use said Prime-based Advance to fund payment of the Alternative Currency obligation, all subject to the provisions of Section 2.14 hereof. 29 The Company and the Permitted Borrowers, if applicable, shall reimburse the Agent and the Lenders on demand for any costs incurred by the Agent or any of the Lenders, as applicable, resulting from the conversion pursuant to this Section 2.12 of Eurocurrency-based Advances payable in an Alternative Currency to Prime-based Advances. 2.13 Revolving Credit Facility Fee. From the Effective Date to the Revolving Credit Maturity Date, the Company shall pay to the Agent, for distribution to the Lenders (as set forth below), a Revolving Credit Facility Fee determined by multiplying the Applicable Fee Percentage per annum times the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment then applicable under Section 2.15 hereof (whether used or unused) computed on a daily basis. The Revolving Credit Facility Fee shall be payable quarterly in arrears commencing April 1, 1998 (in respect of the prior calendar quarter or portion thereof), and on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter and on the Revolving Credit Maturity Date, and shall be computed on the basis of a year of three hundred sixty (360) days and assessed for the actual number of days elapsed. Whenever any payment of the Revolving Credit Facility Fee shall be due on a day which is not a Business Day, the date for payment thereof shall be extended to the next Business Day. Upon receipt of such payment Agent shall make prompt payment to each Lender of its share of the Revolving Credit Facility Fee based upon its respective Percentage. 2.14 Currency Appreciation; Mandatory Reduction of Indebtedness. (a) Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment. If at any time and for any reason, the aggregate principal amount of all Advances of the Revolving Credit hereunder to the Company and to the Permitted Borrowers made in Dollars and the aggregate Current Dollar Equivalent of all Advances of the Revolving Credit outstanding hereunder to the Company and to the Permitted Borrowers in any Alternative Currency, as of such time exceeds the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment (as used in this clause (a), the "Excess"), the Company and the Permitted Borrowers shall: (i) immediately repay that portion of such Indebtedness then carried as a Prime-based Advance, if any, by the Dollar Amount of such Excess, and/or reduce any pending request for an Advance in Dollars on such day by the Dollar Amount of the Excess, to the extent thereof; and (ii) on the last day of each Interest Period of any Eurocurrency-based Advance outstanding as of such time, until the necessary reductions of Indebtedness under this Section 2.14(a) have been fully made, repay the Indebtedness carried in such Advances and/or reduce any requests for refunding or conversion of such Advances submitted (or to be submitted) by the Company or the applicable Permitted Borrower in respect of such Advances, by the amount in Dollars or the applicable Alternative Currency, as the case may be, of the Excess, to the extent thereof. Compliance with this Section 2.14(a) shall be tested on a daily or other basis satisfactory to Agent in its sole discretion, provided that, so long as no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, at any time while the aggregate Advances of the Revolving Credit available to be 30 borrowed hereunder (based on the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment then in effect) equal or exceed Fifty Million Dollars ($50,000,000), compliance with this Section 2.14(a) shall be tested as of the last day of each calendar quarter. Notwithstanding the foregoing, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Default or Event of Default, or if any Excess remains after recalculating said Excess based on ninety-five percent (95%) of the Current Dollar Equivalent of any Advances denominated in Alternative Currencies (and one hundred percent (100%) of any Advances denominated in Dollars), Company and the Permitted Borrowers shall be obligated immediately to reduce the foregoing Indebtedness hereunder by an amount sufficient to eliminate such Excess. (b) Permitted Borrower Sublimit. If at any time and for any reason with respect to any Permitted Borrower, the aggregate principal amount (tested in the manner set forth in clause (a) above) of all Advances of the Revolving Credit outstanding hereunder to such Permitted Borrower, which Advances are made or to be made, in Dollars and ninety percent (90%) of the aggregate Current Dollar Equivalent of all such Advances hereunder for the account of such Permitted Borrower in any Alternative Currency as of such time, exceeds the applicable Permitted Borrower Sublimit (as used in this clause (b), then in each case, such Permitted Borrower shall (i) immediately repay that portion of the Indebtedness outstanding to such Permitted Borrower then carried as a Prime-based Advance, if any, by the Dollar Amount of such Excess, and/or reduce on such day any pending request for an Advance in Dollars submitted by such Permitted Borrower by the Dollar Amount of such Permitted Borrower Excess, to the extent thereof; and (ii) on the last day of each Interest Period of any Eurocurrency-based Advance outstanding to such Permitted Borrower as of such time, until the necessary reductions of Indebtedness under this Section 2.14(b) have been fully made, repay such Indebtedness carried in such Advances and/or reduce any requests for refunding or conversion of such Advances submitted (or to be submitted) by such Permitted Borrower in respect of such Advances, by the amount in Dollars or the applicable Alternative Currency, as the case may be, of such Permitted Borrower Excess, to the extent thereof. Provided that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, each Permitted Borrower's compliance with this Section 2.14(b) shall be tested as of the last day of each calendar quarter or, upon the written request of the Company from time to time, as of the last day of each calendar month, provided the Company furnishes Agent with current monthly financial statements complying with the requirements set forth in subparagraphs (i) and (ii) of Section 7.3(c) hereof. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Default or Event of Default, compliance with this Section 2.14(b) shall be tested on a daily or other basis satisfactory to Agent in its sole discretion. 2.15 Optional Reduction or Termination of Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment. Provided that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Company may upon at least five Business Days' prior written notice to the Agent, permanently reduce the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment in whole at any time, or in part from time to time, without premium 31 or penalty, provided that: (i) each partial reduction of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment shall be in an aggregate amount equal to Twenty Million Dollars ($20,000,000) or a larger integral multiple of One Million Dollars ($1,000,000); (ii) each reduction shall be accompanied by the payment of the Revolving Credit Facility Fee, if any, accrued to the date of such reduction; (iii) the Company or any Permitted Borrower, as applicable, shall prepay in accordance with the terms hereof the amount, if any, by which the aggregate unpaid principal amount of Advances (using the Current Dollar Equivalent of any such Advance outstanding in any Alternative Currency) of the Revolving Credit, exceeds the amount of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment as so reduced, together with interest thereon to the date of prepayment; and (iv) if the termination or reduction of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment requires the prepayment of a Eurocurrency-based Advance, the termination or reduction may be made only on the last Business Day of the then current Interest Period applicable to such Eurocurrency-based Advance. Reductions of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment and any accompanying prepayments of Advances of the Revolving Credit shall be distributed by Agent to each Lender in accordance with such Lender's Percentage thereof, and will not be available for reinstatement by or readvance to the Company or any Permitted Borrower. Any reductions of the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment hereunder shall reduce each Lender's portion thereof proportionately (based on the applicable Percentages), and shall be permanent and irrevocable. Any payments made pursuant to this Section shall be applied first to outstanding Prime-based Advances under the Revolving Credit, and then to Eurocurrency-based Advances of the Revolving Credit. 2.16 Extensions of Revolving Credit Maturity Date. Provided that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Company may, by written notice to Agent and each Lender (which notice shall be irrevocable and which shall not be deemed effective unless actually received by Agent and each Lender): (a) prior to August 1, 1998, but not before July 1, 1998, request that the Lenders extend the then applicable Revolving Credit Maturity Date to June 1, 1999 (such request, the "Initial Request"); and (b) prior to May 18th, but not before April 18th, of each year beginning in 1999 (if the Initial Request is made by the Company and approved by the Lenders) or prior to November 1 but not before October 1 of each year beginning in 1998 (if the Initial Request is not made by the Company or is not approved by the Lenders), request that the Lenders extend the then applicable Revolving Credit Maturity Date to a date that is 364 days later than the Revolving Credit Maturity Date then in effect (each such request, a "Subsequent Request"). Each Lender shall, not later than thirty (30) calendar days following the date of its receipt of the Initial Request or any Subsequent Request, as the case may be, give written notice to the Agent stating whether such Lender is willing to extend the Revolving Credit Maturity Date as requested, such consent to be in the sole discretion of such Lender. If Agent has received the aforesaid written approvals of such Initial Request or such Subsequent Request, as the case may be, from each of the Lenders, then, effective on (but not before) August 31, 1998 (in the case of the Initial Request) and the then applicable Revolving Credit Maturity Date (in the case of any Subsequent Request), 32 provided that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and none of the Lenders has withdrawn its approval, in writing, prior to such date, (A) the Revolving Credit Maturity Date shall be so extended, in the case of the Initial Request to June 1, 1999, and in the case of all Subsequent Requests, for an additional period of 364 days, (B) the term Revolving Credit Maturity Date shall mean such extended date and (C) Agent shall promptly notify the Company and the Lenders that such extension has occurred. If (i) any Lender gives the Agent written notice that it is unwilling to extend the Revolving Credit Maturity Date as requested or (ii) any Lender fails to provide written approval to Agent of the Initial Request or any Subsequent Request, as the case may be, within thirty (30) calendar days of the date of Agent's receipt of such Initial Request or any Subsequent Request, as the case may be, or (iii) withdraws its approval in writing prior to the Revolving Credit Maturity Date then in effect then (x) the Lenders shall be deemed to have declined to extend the Revolving Credit Maturity Date, (y) the then-current Revolving Credit Maturity Date shall remain in effect (with no further right on the part of Company, to request extensions thereof under this Section 2.16, unless such non-extension relates to the Initial Request) and (z) the commitments of the Lenders to make Advances of the Revolving Credit hereunder shall terminate on the Revolving Credit Maturity Date then in effect, and Agent shall promptly notify Company and the Lenders thereof. 2.17 Application of Advances. Advances of the Revolving Credit shall be available, subject to the terms hereof, to fund working capital needs, the TEMIC Acquisition or other general corporate purposes of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers. 3. Reserved. 4. MARGIN ADJUSTMENTS. 4.1 Margin Adjustments. Adjustments to the Applicable Margin and the Applicable Fee Percentages, based on Schedule 4.1, shall be implemented on a quarterly basis as follows: (a) Such adjustments shall be given prospective effect only, effective as to all Advances outstanding hereunder and the Applicable Fee Percentage, upon the date of delivery of the financial statements under Sections 7.3(b) and 7.3(c) hereunder, in each case establishing applicability of the appropriate adjustment, in each case with no retroactivity or claw-back. In the event Company fails timely to deliver the financial statements required under Section 7.3(b) or 7.3(c), then from the date delivery of such financial statements was required until such financial statements are delivered, the margins and fee percentages shall be at the highest level on the Pricing Matrix attached to this Agreement as Schedule 4.1. (b) From the Effective Date until the required date of delivery under Section 7.3(c) of the Company's financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 1998, the margins and fee percentages shall be those set forth under the Level III column of the Pricing Matrix attached to this Agreement as Schedule 4.1, unless the Leverage Ratio, as determined in financial statements delivered prior to such date, is greater than or equal to 3:1, in which event the margins and fee percentages shall be those under Level IV. 33 5. CONDITIONS. The obligations of Lenders to make Advances pursuant to this Agreement are subject to the following conditions, provided however that Sections 5.1 through 5.10 below shall only apply to the initial Advances hereunder: 5.1 Execution of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. The Company (on or before the Effective Date) and the Permitted Borrowers (prior to requesting any Advance hereunder), shall have executed and delivered to the Agents for the account of each Lender, this Agreement (including all schedules, exhibits, certificates, opinions, financial statements and other documents to be delivered pursuant hereto) and the other Loan Documents, and, this Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall be in full force and effect. 5.2 Corporate Authority. Agents shall have received (i) certified copies of resolutions of the Board of Directors of the Company and each of the Significant Subsidiaries party to any Loan Document evidencing approval of the form of this Agreement and each of the other Loan Documents to which such Person is a party and authorizing the execution and delivery thereof and, if applicable, the borrowing of Advances hereunder; (ii) (A) certified copies of the Company's, and the Significant Subsidiaries' articles of incorporation and bylaws or other constitutional documents certified as true and complete as of a recent date by the appropriate official of the jurisdiction of incorporation of each such entity (or, if unavailable in such jurisdiction, by a responsible officer of such entity); and (B) a certificate of good standing from the state or other jurisdictions of the Company's incorporation, and from the applicable states of incorporation or other jurisdictions of the Significant Subsidiaries and from every state or other jurisdiction in which the Company, or any of such Significant Subsidiaries is qualified to do business, if issued by such jurisdictions, subject to the limitations (as to qualification and authorization to do business) contained in Section 6.1, hereof. 5.3 Company Guaranty. The Company shall have furnished, executed and delivered to Agent the Company Guaranty in form and substance satisfactory to Agents and the Lenders. 5.4 Subsidiary Guaranties. Each of the Significant Domestic Subsidiaries shall have furnished, executed and delivered to Agent, the Domestic Guaranty in form and substance satisfactory to Agents and the Lenders. 5.5 Stock Pledge of Shares Issued by Significant Subsidiaries. (a) The Pledge Agreements shall have been executed and delivered by Company and any Significant Domestic Subsidiaries required hereunder to be party thereto as of the Effective Date; and (b) The Company and each of the Significant Subsidiaries shall have executed and delivered to Agent, prior to or concurrently with the initial borrowing hereunder, a Pledge Agreement or Pledge Agreements covering (i) 65% of the share capital of each Foreign Significant Subsidiary listed on Schedule 5.5 hereto to secure the Indebtedness of the Company and any Domestic Permitted Borrowers and the Indebtedness (as such term is defined therein) of such parties under the Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement and 100% of the share capital of each such Foreign Significant Subsidiary to secure the Indebtedness (as such term is defined therein) of the 34 Foreign Permitted Borrowers under the Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement and (ii) 100% of the share capital of each Domestic Significant Subsidiary listed on Schedule 5.5 hereto to secure the Indebtedness of the Company and Permitted Borrowers and the Indebtedness (as such term is defined therein) of such parties under the Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement, in each case in form and substance satisfactory to Agents together with stock certificates and stock powers executed in blank (if issued under applicable law) and the Company shall take or cause to be taken all such steps as are necessary or advisable under applicable law to perfect the liens granted thereby and to assure that such Liens are first in priority. 5.6 Representations and Warranties -- All Parties. The representations and warranties made by the Company, each of the Significant Subsidiaries or any other party to any of the Loan Documents under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents (excluding the Agents and the Lenders), and the representations and warranties of any of the foregoing which are contained in any certificate, document or financial or other statement furnished at any time hereunder or thereunder or in connection herewith or therewith shall have been true and correct in all material respects when made and shall be true and correct in all material respects on and as of the date of the making of the initial Advance hereunder. 5.7 Compliance with Certain Documents and Agreements. The Company and the Significant Subsidiaries (and any of their respective Subsidiaries or Affiliates) shall have each performed and complied with all agreements and conditions contained in this Agreement, the other Loan Documents, or any agreement or other document executed hereunder or thereunder and required to be performed or complied with by each of them (as of the applicable date) and none of such parties shall be in default in the performance or compliance with any of the terms or provisions hereof or thereof. 5.8 Opinion of Counsel. The Company and each of the Significant Subsidiaries shall furnish Agent, with signed copies for each Lender (and addressed to each of the Lenders), opinions of counsel given upon the express instructions of the Company and such Significant Subsidiaries, dated the date hereof, and covering such matters as required by and otherwise satisfactory in form and substance to the Agents and each of the Lenders. 5.9 Company's Certificate. The Agents shall have received a certificate of a responsible senior officer of Company, dated the date of the making of the initial Advances hereunder, stating that the conditions of paragraphs 5.1, 5.6, 5.7, 5.11, 5.12, 5.13 and 5.15(a) through (c) hereof have been fully satisfied. 5.10 Payment of Agent's and Other Fees. Company shall have paid to Agent, for distribution to the Lenders hereunder (based on the Percentages in effect under the Prior Credit Agreement) the Facility Fee accrued under the Prior Credit Agreement to the Effective Date of this Agreement. In addition, Company shall have paid to the Agents, for distribution to the Lenders hereunder based on the Percentages, the Closing Fee, and to the Agents (for Agents' sole accounts), the Agents Fees' and all costs and expenses required hereunder. 35 5.11 Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement. The Company and the applicable Significant Subsidiaries shall have executed and delivered the Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement (including all schedules, exhibits, certificates, opinions, financial statements and other documents to be delivered pursuant hereto) and the other Long Term Loan Documents to which each such Person is a party, and the Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement and the other Long Term Loan Documents shall be in full force and effect. 5.12 Outstanding Indebtedness Terminated. All indebtedness under the DM Loan Agreement and under the Prior Credit Agreement, together with all interest, all prepayment premiums and other amounts due and payable with respect thereto, shall have been paid in full (including, to the extent necessary, from proceeds of the initial Advance) and the related commitments terminated; and all Liens securing payment of any such indebtedness have been released. 5.13 TEMIC Acquisition. The Agent shall have received a certified copy (duly executed) of the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement, together with copies of the other material acquisition documents executed and delivered pursuant thereto. The TEMIC Acquisition Agreement shall be in form and substance satisfactory to the Agent and the Lenders and shall have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by each of the parties thereto and shall be in full force and effect. No term or provision of the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement shall have been modified, and no condition to consummation of the TEMIC Acquisition shall have been waived, in either case in a manner detrimental to the Company, by any of the parties thereto. The Company and the TEMIC Parties shall have in all material respects done and performed such acts and observed such covenants which each is required to do or perform under the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement and in order to consummate the TEMIC Acquisition on or prior to the Effective Date, and the TEMIC Acquisition shall have been consummated. 5.14 Regulation U Requirements. The Agent shall have received, on behalf of the Lenders, a purpose statement on FR Form U-1 referred to in Regulation U in form and substance satisfactory to the Agent and the Lenders to the extent required in connection with the TEMIC Acquisition or otherwise under applicable law. Furthermore, on or prior to the Effective Date, the Agent shall have completed (on behalf of each of the Lenders) a Federal Reserve Form U-1, such Form U-1 having been reviewed and approved by each of the Lenders and otherwise being in form and substance satisfactory to Company and the Agent. 5.15 Other Documents and Instruments. The Agents shall have received, with a photocopy for each Lender, such other instruments and documents as the Required Lenders may reasonably request in writing in connection with the making of Advances hereunder, and all such instruments and documents shall be satisfactory in form and substance to the Agents and the Required Lenders. 5.16 Continuing Conditions. The obligations of the Lenders to make any of the Advances or loans under this Agreement, including but not limited to the initial Advances of the Revolving Credit hereunder, shall be subject to the following continuing conditions: 36 (a) No Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing as of the making of the proposed Advance (both before and after giving effect thereto); (b) The representations and warranties contained in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects as of the making of the applicable Advance; and (c) There shall have been no material adverse change in the condition (financial or otherwise), properties, business, results or operations of the Company or its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) from December 31, 1997 (or any subsequent December 31st, if the Agent determines, with the concurrence of the Required Lenders, based on the Company's financial statements for such subsequent fiscal year that no material adverse change has occurred during such year, such determination being made solely for purposes of determining the applicable date under this paragraph) to the date of the proposed Advance hereunder. 6. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES Company and the Permitted Borrowers represent and warrant and such representations and warranties as applicable shall be deemed to be continuing representations and warranties during the entire life of this Agreement: 6.1 Corporate Existence. Each of the Company and each of the Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) is a corporation duly organized and validly existing in good standing under the laws of the applicable jurisdiction of organization, charter or incorporation; each of the Company and each of the Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) is duly qualified and authorized to do business as a corporation or foreign corporation in each jurisdiction where the character of its assets or the nature of its activities makes such qualification necessary, except where such failure to qualify and be authorized to do business will not have a material adverse impact on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 6.2 Due Authorization - Company. Execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the other Loan Documents, the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement, and any other documents and instruments required under or in connection with this Agreement, and extensions of credit to the Company are within its corporate powers, have been duly authorized, are not in contravention of law or the terms of the Company's articles of incorporation or bylaws, and, except as have been previously obtained or as referred to in Section 6.15, below, do not require the consent or approval, material to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or the Loan Documents, or the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement, of any governmental body, agency or authority. 6.3 Due Authorization -- Subsidiaries. Execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the other Loan Documents, and any other documents and instruments required under or in connection with this Agreement by each of the Significant Subsidiaries, and extensions of credit to Permitted Borrowers, are (or will be, on the applicable date of delivery of such Loan Documents) within their respective corporate powers, have been (or will be, as aforesaid) duly 37 authorized, are not (or will not be, as aforesaid) in contravention of law or the terms of articles of incorporation or bylaws or other organic documents of the parties thereto, as applicable, and, except as have been previously obtained (or as referred to in Section 6.15, below), do not (or will not, as aforesaid) require the consent or approval, material to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or the other Loan Documents, or the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement, of any governmental body, agency or authority. 6.4 Title to Material Property. Each of the Company and each of the Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) has good and valid title to the Material Property owned by it, which property (individually or in the aggregate) is material to the business or operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, excluding imperfections in title not material to the ownership, use and/or enjoyment of any such property. 6.5 Encumbrances. There are no security interests in, Liens, mortgages or other encumbrances on and no financing statements on file with respect to any property of Company or any of the Subsidiaries, except for those Liens permitted under Section 8.5 hereof. 6.6 Subsidiaries. As of the Effective Date, there are no directly or indirectly owned Subsidiaries of the Company, except for those Subsidiaries identified in Schedule 6.6, attached hereto. 6.7 Taxes. The Company and its Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) each has filed on or before their respective due dates, all federal, state and foreign tax returns which are required to be filed or has obtained extensions for filing such tax returns and is not delinquent in filing such returns in accordance with such extensions and has paid all taxes which have become due pursuant to those returns or pursuant to any assessments received by any such party, as the case may be, to the extent such taxes have become due, except to the extent such tax payments are being actively contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and with respect to which adequate provision has been made on the books of the Company or its Subsidiaries, as applicable, as may be required by GAAP. 6.8 No Defaults. There exists no default under the provisions of any instrument evidencing any permitted Debt of the Company or its Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) or connected with any of the Permitted Company Encumbrances or the Permitted Encumbrances of the Subsidiaries, or of any agreement relating thereto, except where such default would not have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole and would not violate this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents according to the terms thereof. 6.9 Compliance with Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries each has complied with all applicable laws, including without limitation, Hazardous Material Laws, to the extent that failure to comply therewith would materially interfere with the conduct of the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, or would have a material adverse effect upon Company or any of its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, or upon any property (whether personal or real) owned by any of them. 38 6.10 Enforceability of Agreement and Loan Documents. (a) This Agreement and each of the other Loan Documents to which the Company is a party, including without limitation, the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement and all other certificates, agreements and documents executed and delivered by Company under or in connection herewith or therewith have each been duly executed and delivered by duly Authorized Officers of the Company and constitute the valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms, except as enforcement thereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, moratorium or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditor's rights generally and by general principles of equity (whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law). (b) This Agreement and each of the other Loan Documents to which any of the Subsidiaries is a party, and all certificates, documents and agreements executed in connection herewith or therewith by the Subsidiaries have each been duly executed and delivered by duly Authorized Officers of the applicable Subsidiary and constitute the valid and binding obligations of the Subsidiaries, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms, except as enforcement thereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, moratorium or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors' rights generally and by general principles of equity (whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law). 6.11 Non-contravention -- Company. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and any other documents and instruments required under or in connection with this Agreement by the Company are not in contravention of the terms of any indenture, material agreement or material undertaking to which the Company is a party or by which it or its properties are bound or affected, except to the extent such terms have been waived or are not material to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Loan Documents or the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement or to the financial performance of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 6.12 Non-contravention -- Other Parties. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, those other Loan Documents signed by any of the Subsidiaries, and any other documents and instruments required under or in connection with this Agreement by any of the Subsidiaries are not in contravention of the terms of any indenture, material agreement or material undertaking to which any of the Subsidiaries is a party or by which it or its properties are bound or affected, except to the extent such terms have been waived or are not material to the transaction contemplated by this Agreement, the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement, and the other Loan Documents or to the financial performance of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 6.13 No Litigation -- Company. There is no suit, action, proceeding, including, without limitation, any bankruptcy proceeding, or governmental investigation pending against or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened or otherwise affecting the Company (other than any suit, action or proceeding in which the Company is the plaintiff and in which no counterclaim or cross-claim against Company has been filed), nor has the Company or any of its officers or directors been subject to any suit, action, proceeding or governmental investigation as a result of which any such officer or director is or may be entitled to indemnification by Company, except as otherwise disclosed in Schedule 6.13 attached hereto and except for miscellaneous suits, actions and 39 proceedings which have a reasonable likelihood of being adversely determined, and which suits, if resolved adversely to the Company would not in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Except as so disclosed, there is not outstanding against the Company any judgment, decree, injunction, rule, or order of any court, government, department, commission, agency, instrumentality or arbitrator, nor, to the best knowledge of the Company, is the Company in violation of any applicable law, regulation, ordinance, order, injunction, decree or requirement of any governmental body or court where such violation would have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 6.14 No Litigation -- Other Parties. There is no suit, action, proceeding (other than any suit, action or proceeding in which any such party is the plaintiff and in which no counterclaim or cross-claim against any such party has been filed), including, without limitation, any bankruptcy proceeding, or governmental investigation pending against or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened or otherwise affecting any of the Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) nor has any such party or any of its officers or directors been subject to any suit, action, proceeding or governmental investigation as a result of which any such officer or director is or may be entitled to indemnification by such party, except as otherwise disclosed in Schedule 6.14 attached hereto and except for miscellaneous suits, actions and proceedings which have a reasonable likelihood of being adversely determined, which suits, if resolved adversely to such party, would not in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Except as so disclosed, there is not outstanding against any such party any judgment, decree, injunction, rule, or order of any court, government, department, commission, agency, instrumentality or arbitrator nor, to the best knowledge of the Company, is any such party in violation of any applicable law, regulation, ordinance, order, injunction, decree or requirement of any governmental body or court where such violation would have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 6.15 Consents, Approvals and Filings, Etc. Except as have been previously obtained, no authorization, consent, approval, license, qualification or formal exemption from, nor any filing, declaration or registration with, any court, governmental agency or regulatory authority or any securities exchange or any other person or party (whether or not governmental) is required in connection with the execution, delivery and performance: (i) by the Company, of this Agreement, any of the other Loan Documents to which it is a party, the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement, or any other documents or instruments to be executed and/or delivered by the Company in connection therewith or herewith; or (ii) by each of the Subsidiaries, of this Agreement, the other Loan Documents to which it is a party or any other documents or instruments to be executed and/or delivered by the Subsidiaries in connection therewith or herewith. All such authorizations, consents, approvals, licenses, qualifications, exemptions, filings, declarations and registrations which have previously been obtained or made, as the case may be, are in full force and effect and are not the subject of any attack, or to the knowledge of the Company, threatened attack (in any material respect) by appeal or direct proceeding or otherwise. 6.16 Agreements Affecting Financial Condition. Neither the Company, nor any of its Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) is, as of the Effective Date, party to any agreement or instrument or subject to any charter or other corporate 40 restriction which materially adversely affects the financial condition or operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 6.17 No Investment Company; No Margin Stock. None of the Company, nor any of the Subsidiaries is engaged principally, or as one of its important activities, directly or indirectly, in the business of extending credit for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock. Other than the acquisition of shares of Siliconix pursuant to the TEMIC Acquisition, none of the proceeds of any of the Advances will be used by the Company or any of the Subsidiaries to purchase or carry margin stock or will be made available by the Company or any of the Subsidiaries in any manner to any other Person to enable or assist such Person in purchasing or carrying margin stock. Terms for which meanings are provided in Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any regulations substituted therefor, as from time to time in effect, are used in this paragraph with such meanings. None of the Company, nor any of the Subsidiaries is an "investment company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. 6.18 ERISA. Neither a Reportable Event which is material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, nor an Accumulated Funding Deficiency (herein as defined in Section 412 of the Internal Revenue Code or Section 302 of ERISA) has occurred during the five-year period prior to the date on which this representation is made or deemed made with respect to any Pension Plan. Each Pension Plan has complied in all material respects with the applicable provisions of ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code and any applicable regulations thereof (and, if applicable, any comparable foreign law provisions), except to the extent that any noncompliance, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a material adverse effect upon the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. No termination of a Pension Plan has occurred, and no Lien in favor of the PBGC or a Pension Plan has arisen, during such five-year period. Neither the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate has had a complete or partial withdrawal from any Multiemployer Plan within the five year period prior to the date of this Agreement, nor does the Company or any ERISA Affiliate presently intend to completely or partially withdraw from any Multiemployer Plan. To the best of Company's knowledge, no such Multiemployer Plan is in bankruptcy or reorganization or insolvent. There is no pending or, to the best of Company's knowledge, threatened litigation or investigation questioning the form or operation of any Pension Plan, nor, to the best of the Company's knowledge, is there any basis for any such litigation or investigation which if adversely determined could have a material adverse effect upon the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as of the valuation date most closely preceding the date of this Agreement. 6.19 Environmental Matters and Safety Matters. (a) The Company and each Subsidiary (excluding TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) is in compliance with all federal, state, provincial and local laws, ordinances and regulations relating to safety and industrial hygiene or to the environmental condition, including without limitation all applicable Hazardous Materials Laws in jurisdictions in which the Company or any such Subsidiary owns or operates, a facility or site, or arranges for disposal or treatment of hazardous substances, solid waste, or other wastes, accepts for transport any hazardous substances, solid wastes or other wastes or holds any interest in real property or otherwise, except for matters which, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a material adverse effect upon the financial condition or business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 41 (b) All federal, state, provincial, local and foreign permits, licenses and authorizations required for present or (to the best of the Company's knowledge) past use of the facilities and other properties or activities of the Company and each Subsidiary (including the TEMIC Subsidiaries) have been obtained, are presently in effect, and there is and has been full compliance with all such permits, licenses or authorizations, except, in all cases, where the failure to comply with the foregoing would not have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole. (c) No demand, claim, notice, suit (in law or equity), action, administrative action, investigation or inquiry (including, without limitation, the listing of any property by any domestic or foreign governmental entity which identifies sites for remedial, clean-up or investigatory action) whether brought by any governmental authority, private person or entity or otherwise, arising under, relating to or in connection with any applicable Hazardous Materials Laws is pending or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (excluding TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) any real property in which the Company or any such Subsidiary holds or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, has held an interest or any present or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, past operation of the Company or any such Subsidiary, except for such matters which, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. (d) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (excluding TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) whether with respect to present or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, past operations or properties, (i) is, to the best of the Company's knowledge, the subject of any federal or state investigation evaluating whether any remedial action is needed to respond to a release of any toxic substances, radioactive materials, hazardous wastes or related materials into the environment, (ii) has received any notice of any toxic substances, radioactive materials, hazardous waste or related materials in, or upon any of its properties in violation of any applicable Hazardous Materials Laws, or (iii) knows of any basis for any such investigation or notice, or for the existence of such a violation, except for such matters which, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. (e) No release, threatened release or disposal of hazardous waste, solid waste or other wastes is occurring or has occurred on, under or to any real property in which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (excluding TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) holds any interest or performs any of its operations, in violation of any applicable Hazardous Materials Laws, except for any such matters which, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 6.20 Accuracy of Information. Each of the Company's audited or unaudited financial statements furnished to Agents and the Lenders by the Company prior to the date of this Agreement (including without limitation any draft financial statements in respect of the reporting period ending December 31, 1997 furnished by the Company), is complete and correct in all material respects and 42 fairly presents the financial condition of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, and the results of their operations for the periods covered thereby; any projections of operations for future years previously furnished by Company to Agents or the Lenders have been prepared as the Company's good faith estimate of such future operations, taking into account all relevant facts and matters known to Company; since December 31, 1997 there has been no material adverse change in the financial condition of the Company or its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; neither the Company, nor any of its Subsidiaries (excluding the TEMIC Foreign Subsidiaries until the Revalidation Date) has any contingent obligations (including any liability for taxes) not disclosed by or reserved against in the December 31, 1997 balance sheet (a draft of which has been provided to the Lenders prior to the Effective Date) which is likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 7. AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers covenants and agrees that it will, and, as applicable, it will cause its Subsidiaries to, so long as any of the Lenders are committed to make any Advances under this Agreement and thereafter so long as any Indebtedness remains outstanding under this Agreement: 7.1 Preservation of Existence, Etc. Except as otherwise specifically permitted hereunder, preserve and maintain its corporate existence and such of its rights, licenses, and privileges as are material to the business and operations conducted by it; and qualify and remain qualified to do business in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is material to the business and operations or ownership of properties, in each case of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 7.2 Keeping of Books. Keep proper books of record and account in which full and correct entries shall be made of all of its financial transactions and its assets and businesses so as to permit the presentation of financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. 7.3 Reporting Requirements. Furnish Agent with copies for each Lender: (a) as soon as possible, and in any event within five (5) calendar days after becoming aware of the occurrence of each Default or Event of Default, a written statement of the chief financial officer of the Company (or in his/her absence, a responsible senior officer) setting forth details of such Event of Default or event and the action which the Company has taken or has caused to be taken or proposes to take or cause to be taken with respect thereto; (b) as soon as available, and in any event within one hundred twenty (120) days after and as of the end of each of Company's fiscal years, a detailed Consolidated audit report of Company certified to by independent certified public accountants satisfactory to Lenders together with an unaudited Consolidating report of Company and its Subsidiaries certified by the chief financial officer of Company (or in his/her absence, a responsible 43 senior officer) as to consistency (with prior financial reports and accounting periods), accuracy and fairness of presentation, and a Covenant Compliance Report; (c) as soon as available, and in any event within sixty (60) days after and as of the end of each of the first three quarters of each year, Consolidated and Consolidating balance sheet and statement of profit and loss and surplus reconciliation of Company and its Subsidiaries certified by the chief financial officer of Company (or in his/her absence, a responsible senior officer) as to consistency (with prior financial reports and accounting periods), accuracy and fairness of presentation, and a Covenant Compliance Report. (d) as soon as possible, and in any event within five (5) calendar days after becoming aware (i) of any material adverse change in the financial condition of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Permitted Borrowers, a certificate of the chief financial officer of Company (or in his/her absence, a responsible senior officer) setting forth the details of such change or (ii) of the taking by the Internal Revenue Service or any foreign taxing jurisdiction of a tax position (verbal or written) which could have a materially adverse effect upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or any such tax position taken by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) setting forth the details of such position and the financial impact thereof; (e)(i) so long as any material obligations of the TEMIC Parties under the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement are outstanding, the financial reports of the TEMIC Parties, if and to the extent provided to the Company, as and when received; and (ii), as soon as available, and in any event, within sixty (60) days after the date hereof, opening balance sheets and other financial reports of each of the Subsidiaries certified as aforesaid; (f)(i) as soon as available, the Company's 8-K, 10-Q and 10-K Reports filed with the federal Securities and Exchange Commission, and in any event, with respect to the 10-Q Report, within sixty (60) days of the end of each of the Company's fiscal quarters, and with respect to the 10-K Report, within one hundred twenty (120) days after and as of the end of each of Company's fiscal years; (ii) as soon as available, copies of all filings, reports or other documents filed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with the federal Securities and Exchange Commission or other federal regulatory or taxing agencies or authorities in the United States, or comparable agencies or authorities in England, Canada, France, Germany, the Netherlands or Israel, or any stock exchanges in such jurisdictions; and (iii) as soon as available, so long as any obligations of the TEMIC Parties under the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement are outstanding, the 8-K (to the extent provided to or received by the Company), 10-Q, 10-K and all other filings by the TEMIC Parties with the federal Securities and Exchange Commission; (g) promptly as issued, all press releases, notices to shareholders and all other material communications transmitted (i) by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) by the TEMIC Parties so long as any obligations of the TEMIC Parties under the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement are outstanding (but only to the extent such communications are 44 provided to the Company) to the general public or to the trade or industry in which the Company or the TEMIC Parties, as the case may be, is engaged; (h) together with the financial statements delivered pursuant to Section 7.3(b) hereof, annual financial projections for the Company and its Significant Subsidiaries covering the period at least through Revolving Credit Maturity Date then in effect and otherwise in form and content reasonably acceptable to the Agent and the Lenders; and (i) promptly, and in form to be satisfactory to Agent and the requesting Lender or Lenders, such other information as Agent or any of the Lenders (acting through Agent) may request from time to time. 7.4 Tangible Net Worth. Maintain, and cause its Subsidiaries to maintain, as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, beginning with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 1998, Tangible Net Worth which on a Consolidated basis will at no time be less than the greater of 85% of Tangible Net Worth on March 31, 1998 or Four Hundred Million ($400,000,000), plus the sum of the Net Income Adjustment and the Equity Offering Adjustment and plus or minus, as the case may be, the IC Adjustment. 7.5 Leverage Ratio. Maintain, as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, a Leverage Ratio of not more than 3.25 to 1.0. 7.6 Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio. Maintain, as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of not less than 2.0 to 1.0. 7.7 Inspections. Permit Agent and each Lender, through their authorized attorneys, accountants and representatives to examine Company's and each of the Subsidiaries' books, accounts, records, ledgers and assets and properties of every kind and description wherever located at all reasonable times during normal business hours, upon oral or written request of Agent; and permit Agent and each Lender or their authorized representatives, at reasonable times and intervals, to visit all of its offices, discuss its financial matters with its officers and independent certified public accountants, and by this provision Company authorizes such accountants to discuss the finances and affairs of Company and its Subsidiaries (provided that Company is given an opportunity to participate in such discussions) and examine any of its or their books and other corporate records. An examination of the records or properties of Company or any of its Subsidiaries may require revealment of proprietary and/or confidential data and information, and the Agent and each of the Lenders agrees upon request of the inspected party to execute a confidentiality agreement (satisfactory to Agent or the inspecting Lender, as the case may be, and such party) on behalf of the Agent or such inspecting Lender and all parties making such inspections or examinations under its authorization; provided however that such confidentiality agreement shall not prohibit Agent from revealing such information to Lenders or prohibit the inspecting Lender from revealing such information to Agent or another Lender. 7.8 Taxes. Pay and discharge all taxes and other governmental charges, and all material contractual obligations calling for the payment of money, before the same shall become overdue, 45 unless and to the extent only that such payment is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and is reserved for, as required by GAAP on its balance sheet, or where the failure to pay any such matter could not have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 7.9 Further Assurances. Execute and deliver or cause to be executed and delivered within a reasonable time following Agent's request, and at the Company's expense, such other documents or instruments as Agent may reasonably require to effectuate more fully the purposes of this Agreement or the other Loan Documents. 7.10 Insurance. Maintain insurance coverage on its physical assets and against other business risks in such amounts and of such types as are customarily carried by companies similar in size and nature, and in the event of acquisition of additional property, real or personal, or of occurrence of additional risks of any nature, increase such insurance coverage in such manner and to such extent as prudent business judgment and then current practice would dictate; and with all said policies or copies thereof, including all endorsements thereon and those required hereunder, to be deposited with the Agent. 7.11 Indemnification. With respect to the Company, indemnify and save each Agent and the Lenders harmless from all reasonable loss, cost, damage, liability or expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements, incurred by each of the Agents and the Lenders by reason of an Event of Default or enforcing the obligations of the Company or the Permitted Borrowers under this Agreement, or the other Loan Documents, or in the prosecution or defense of any action or proceeding concerning any matter growing out of or connected with this Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents or any mortgage, stock pledge or security agreement released by Agents or the Lenders from time to time hereunder, or relating in any way to the imposition (or attempted imposition) on Agents or Lenders (or any of them) of any liability for the violation of or non-compliance by any Person (or purported violation or non-compliance) with Hazardous Material Laws, other than in any case resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of Agents or the Lenders; and, with respect to each of the Permitted Borrowers, indemnify and save each Agent and the Lenders harmless from all reasonable loss, cost, damage, liability or expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements, incurred by each of the Agents and the Lenders with respect to a Permitted Borrower by reason of an Event of Default or enforcing the obligations of the Permitted Borrowers under this Agreement, or the other Loan Documents or in the prosecution or defense of any action or proceeding concerning any matter growing out of or connected with this Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents or any mortgage, stock pledge or security agreement released by Agents or the Lenders from time to time hereunder, or relating in any way to the imposition (or attempted imposition) on Agents or Lenders (or any of them) of any liability for the violation of or non-compliance by any Person (or purported violation or non-compliance) with Hazardous Material Laws, other than in any case resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of Agents or the Lenders. 7.12 Governmental and Other Approvals. Apply for, obtain and/or maintain in effect, as applicable, all material authorizations, consents, approvals, licenses, qualifications, exemptions, filings, declarations and registrations (whether with any court, governmental agency, regulatory 46 authority, securities exchange or otherwise) which are necessary in connection with the execution, delivery and performance: (i) by the Company, of this Agreement, the Loan Documents, or any other documents or instruments to be executed and/or delivered by the Company in connection therewith or herewith; and (ii) by each of the Significant Subsidiaries, of this Agreement and the Loan Documents. 7.13 Compliance with Contractual Obligations and Laws. Comply in all material respects with all Contractual Obligations, and with all applicable laws, rules, regulations and orders of any governmental authority, whether federal, state, local or foreign (including without limitation Hazardous Materials Laws), in effect from time to time, except to the extent that failure to comply therewith could not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on the business, operations, property or financial or other condition of the Company or the Permitted Borrowers and their respective Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, and could not reasonably be expected to materially adversely affect the ability of the Company or any of the Significant Subsidiaries to perform their respective obligations under any of the Loan Documents to which they are a party. 7.14 ERISA. Comply in all material respects with all requirements imposed by ERISA as presently in effect or hereafter promulgated or the Internal Revenue Code (or comparable laws in applicable jurisdictions outside the United States of America relating to foreign pension plans) and promptly notify Lenders upon the occurrence of any of the following events: (a) the termination of any Pension Plan pursuant to Subtitle C of Title IV of ERISA or otherwise (other than any defined contribution plan not subject to Section 412 of the Code and any Multiemployer Plan); (b) the appointment of a trustee by a United States District Court to administer any Pension Plan pursuant to ERISA; (c) the commencement by the PBGC, or any successor thereto, of any proceeding to terminate any Pension Plan; (d) the failure of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate to make any payment in respect of any Pension Plan required under Section 412 of the Internal Revenue Code; (e) the withdrawal of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate from any Multiemployer Plan; (f) the occurrence of an Accumulated Funding Deficiency or a Reportable Event; or (g) the occurrence of a Prohibited Transaction which could have a material adverse effect upon the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 47 7.15 Environmental Matters. (a) (i) Not permit any of its property (whether real or personal, or any portion thereof) to be involved in the use, generation, manufacture, storage, disposal or transportation of Hazardous Material, except in compliance with Hazardous Material Laws, and (ii) keep and maintain all of its other property (whether real or personal, and any portion thereof) in compliance with, and shall not cause or permit any activity at or condition of the Collateral, or any of its other property (whether real or personal, or any portion thereof) to be in violation of any Hazardous Material Laws, unless the failure to comply therewith or violation thereof will not materially adversely affect the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. (b) Promptly notify the Agent in writing of: (i) any and all enforcement, cleanup, removal or other governmental or regulatory actions instituted or completed pursuant to any applicable Hazardous Material Laws; (ii) any and all claims made by any Person against the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, the Permitted Borrowers or the TEMIC Parties, or any of its other property (whether real or personal, or any portion thereof) relating to damage, contribution, cost recovery, compensation, loss or injury resulting from any Hazardous Material (provided that, until the TEMIC Acquisition, notification to Agent of claims against the TEMIC Parties shall not be required except for claims of which Company has actual knowledge) which could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; and (iii) Company's discovery of any occurrence or condition on any real property or fixtures constituting a part of, adjoining or in the vicinity of any of its property that could cause any such property (or any part thereof) to be subject to any material restrictions on the ownership, occupancy, transferability or use thereof under any Hazardous Material Laws. The Agent, on behalf of the Lenders, shall have the right to join and participate in, as a party if it or they so elect, any legal proceedings or actions initiated in connection with any of the matters described in subparagraphs (b) (i) or (b) (ii), above, and the Company agrees to pay the Agent's reasonable attorneys fees in connection therewith. (c) Take any material remedial action as may be required under applicable law in response to the presence of any Hazardous Material on, under, or about any of its property (whether real or personal, or any part thereof), and, pursuant thereto, may enter into settlement agreements, consent decrees, or other compromises in respect of any of the matters described in subparagraphs (b) (i) through (iii), above, provided that, in each case, Company has given Lenders not less than thirty (30) days prior written notice thereof. (d) With respect to the properties and operations of TEMIC, commence and diligently proceed to completion with the necessary remedial, corrective or other actions identified in the Environmental Audits, as applicable, or as required under the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement, and cause the TEMIC Parties (to the extent of their respective obligations under the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement) to do so, according to the time periods specified therein, or if no time periods are so specified, as soon as reasonably practicable; provided that Company's obligations under this subparagraph (d) shall not reduce or otherwise affect Company's other obligations hereunder. 48 (e) Agent may retain (on its own behalf and on behalf of the Lenders, but at Company's sole expense) such Environmental Auditors as reasonably necessary to evaluate and/or confirm Company's environmental responses, reports or other matters, including Company's compliance with Hazardous Material Laws generally, under this Section 7.15, or elsewhere herein. 7.16 Post-Closing Pledges and Guaranties; Future Subsidiaries. (a)(i) With respect to the share capital (or other ownership interests) of each Significant Foreign Subsidiary listed on Schedule 7.16 hereto as soon as reasonably practicable, but in any event prior to the applicable date specified on Schedule 7.16 hereto, execute and deliver, or cause to be executed and delivered, to the Agent a Pledge encumbering, subject to Section 7.17 hereof, 65% of the share capital of each such Foreign Significant Subsidiary to secure the Indebtedness of the Company and the Domestic Permitted Borrowers and the Indebtedness (as such term is defined therein) of such parties under the Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement and 100% of the share capital of each such Significant Foreign Subsidiary to secure the Indebtedness of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers under the (as such term is defined therein) Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement; in each case in form satisfactory to the Agent and the Required Lenders, in their reasonable discretion, together with such supporting documentation, including without limitation corporate authority items, certificates and opinions of counsel, as reasonably required by the Agent and the Required Lenders and the Company shall take, or cause to be taken, such steps as are necessary or advisable under applicable law to perfect the liens granted under clause (a)(ii) hereof; (b) With respect to each Person which becomes a Significant Domestic Subsidiary subsequent to the Effective Date, within thirty days of the date such Person is created, acquired or otherwise becomes a Significant Subsidiary (whichever first occurs), cause such new Significant Domestic Subsidiary to execute and deliver to the Agent, a Joinder Agreement whereby such Significant Domestic Subsidiary becomes obligated as a Guarantor under the Domestic Guaranty; (c) With respect to the share capital (or other ownership interests) of each Person, which becomes a Foreign Significant Subsidiary subsequent to the Effective Date, within sixty days of the date such Person is created, acquired or becomes a Significant Subsidiary (whichever first occurs), the Company shall execute, or cause to be executed, and deliver to the Agent a Pledge Agreement encumbering subject to Section 7.17 hereof, with a first priority Lien 65% of the share capital of each such Significant Foreign Subsidiary to secure the Indebtedness of the Company and the Domestic Permitted Borrowers and the Indebtedness (as such term is defined therein) of such parties under the Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement and 100% of the share capital of each such Foreign Significant Subsidiary to secure the Indebtedness (as such term is defined therein) of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers under the Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement; (d) With respect to the share capital (or other ownership interests) of each Person, which becomes a Domestic Significant Subsidiary subsequent to the Effective Date, within thirty days of the date such Person is created, acquired or becomes a Significant Subsidiary (whichever first occurs), the Company shall execute, or cause to be executed, and deliver to the Agent a stock pledge encumbering hereof, 100% of the share capital of each such Significant Domestic Subsidiary to 49 secure the Indebtedness of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers and the Indebtedness (as such term is defined therein) of such parties under the Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement; in each case in form satisfactory to the Agent and the Required Lenders, in their reasonable discretion, together with such supporting documentation, including without limitation corporate authority items, certificates and opinions of counsel, as reasonably required by the Agent and the Required Lenders and the Company shall take, or cause to be taken, such steps as are necessary or advisable under applicable law to perfect the liens granted under clauses (c) and (d) hereof. 7.17 Foreign Subsidiaries Security. If, following a change in the relevant sections of the Internal Revenue Code or the regulations, rules, rulings, notices or other official pronouncements issued or promulgated thereunder, counsel for the Company and the Permitted Borrowers acceptable to the Required Lenders does not within 30 days after a request from the Agent or the Required Lenders deliver evidence, in form and substance mutually satisfactory to the Required Lenders and the Company, that, with respect to each Significant Foreign Subsidiary whose entire share capital, to the extent owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company has not been encumbered in favor of the Lenders (a) a pledge of 66-2/3 % or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of capital stock of such Foreign Subsidiary entitled to vote and (b) the entering into a guaranty in substantially the form of the Domestic Guaranty by such Significant Foreign Subsidiary, in either such case would cause the undistributed earnings of such Significant Foreign Subsidiary as determined for Federal income tax purposes to be treated as a deemed dividend to such Significant Foreign Subsidiary's United States parent for Federal income tax purposes, then in the case of a failure to deliver the evidence described in clause (a) above, that portion of such Significant Foreign Subsidiary's outstanding capital stock so issued by such Significant Foreign Subsidiary not theretofore pledged pursuant to a Pledge Agreement shall be pledged to the Agent for the benefit of the Lenders pursuant to a Pledge Agreement (or another pledge agreement in substantially similar form, if needed) and, in the case of failure to deliver the evidence described in clause (b) above, such Significant Foreign Subsidiary shall execute and deliver the Domestic Guaranty (or another guaranty in substantially the same form, if needed), in each case to the extent that entering into a Pledge Agreement or such Guaranty is permitted under the laws of the respective foreign jurisdiction and all such documents delivered pursuant to this Section 7.17 shall be satisfactory to the Required Lenders. 7.18 Reserved. 7.19 German Drop Down. Within one hundred eighty (180) days after the Effective Date, cause the German Drop Down to be completed, substantially on the basis set forth in Counsel's Memorandum and in all respects in compliance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement. 7.20 Vishay Israel. Within forty-five (45) days following the end of each fiscal year ending after the Effective Date, cause Vishay Israel to request from Israel's Comptroller of Foreign Exchange authorization to increase the limit on the Pledge Agreement executed and delivered by Vishay Israel encumbering the shares of Vishay Europe, to the extent of any increases after the Effective Date in the amount of Vishay Israel's investment in Vishay Europe and as soon as reasonably practicable following receipt of such approval, execute and deliver an amendment in 50 form satisfactory to the Agent and the Required Lenders, in their reasonable discretion, together with such supporting documentation, including without limitation corporate authority items, certificates and opinions of counsel, as reasonably required by the Agent and the Required Lenders and the Company shall take, or cause to be taken, such steps as are necessary or advisable under applicable law to perfect the liens granted under such Pledge Agreement as amended thereby. 7.21 Use of Proceeds. The Advances of the Revolving Credit made to the Company or any Permitted Borrower shall be used by Company or such Permitted Borrower solely for general corporate purposes, including without limitation working capital and acquisitions (including the TEMIC Acquisition). None of the proceeds of the Advances made under this Agreement will be used in violation of any applicable law or regulation including, without limitation, Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. 8. NEGATIVE COVENANTS Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers covenant and agree that, so long as any of the Lenders are committed to make any Advances under this Agreement and thereafter so long as any Indebtedness remains outstanding, it will not, and it will not allow its Subsidiaries, to: 8.1 Capital Structure, Business Objects or Purpose. Except as otherwise specifically permitted under this Agreement, (a) purchase, acquire or redeem any of its capital stock, except for non-vested stock granted to participants under the Vishay Stock Plans; and (b) make any material change in its capital structure or general business objects or purpose or enter into any business, directly or through any Subsidiary, except for those businesses in which the Company and its Subsidiaries are engaged on the date of this Agreement or other businesses in the electronic components industry or which are directly related thereto. 8.2 Limitations on Fundamental Changes. Enter into any transaction of merger, consolidation or amalgamation, or purchase or otherwise acquire or become obligated for the purchase of all or substantially all of the assets, business interests or shares of capital stock of any Person or in any other manner effectuate or attempt to effectuate an expansion of present business by acquisition or liquidate, wind up or dissolve itself (or suffer any liquidation or dissolution), or convey, sell, lease, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of, all, substantially all or any part of its property, business or assets, or make any material change in its present method of conducting business, except: (a) any Subsidiary may be merged or consolidated with or into the Company (so long as Company shall be the continuing or surviving corporation); any Domestic Subsidiary may be merged or consolidated with or into any 100% Domestic Subsidiary (so long as such 100% Domestic Subsidiary shall be the continuing or surviving corporation); and any Foreign Subsidiary may be merged or consolidated with or into any 100% Domestic Subsidiary or into any 100% 51 Foreign Subsidiary (excluding Vishay Israel) so long as such 100% Domestic Subsidiary or such 100% Foreign Subsidiary shall be the continuing or surviving corporation); (b) any Subsidiary may sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of its assets (upon voluntary liquidation or otherwise) to the Company; (c) any Domestic Subsidiary may sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of its assets (upon voluntary liquidation or otherwise) to any other Domestic Subsidiary which is a 100% Subsidiary and any Foreign Subsidiary may sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of its assets (upon voluntary liquidation or otherwise) to any Domestic Subsidiary or to any other Foreign Subsidiary (excluding Vishay Israel), provided that such Subsidiary is a 100% Subsidiary; (d) any Person other than a Subsidiary may merge or consolidate with and into the Company or any 100% Subsidiary (excluding Vishay Israel) so long as (i) the Company or such 100% Subsidiary shall be the surviving corporation and (ii) immediately before and immediately after giving effect to such merger or consolidation, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; (e) Permitted Transfers; (f) other sales, transfers or other dispositions of any assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries from and after the Effective Date in an aggregate amount not to exceed (i) 15% of Tangible Net Worth in any fiscal year and (ii) 20% of Tangible Net Worth for any period of three consecutive fiscal years (or portion thereof) beginning with fiscal year 1998, determined on the basis of Tangible Net Worth for the fiscal quarter ending immediately prior to the date of determination; (g) Permitted Acquisitions; and (h) the Permitted Siliconix Merger. 8.3 Guaranties. Guarantee, endorse, or otherwise become liable for or upon the obligations of others, except by endorsement of cash items for deposit in the ordinary course of business and except for (i) the Guaranties, (ii) the guaranties executed pursuant to the Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement, (iii) guaranties by the Company of Hedging Obligations entered into by any Foreign Subsidiary, (iv) performance guaranties given by Company pursuant to the TEMIC Acquisition Documents, and (v) guaranties of indebtedness as set forth on Schedule 8.3 attached hereto or as permitted under Section 8.7(f) hereof. 8.4 Debt. Become or remain obligated for any Debt for borrowed money, or for any Debt incurred in connection with the acquisition of any property, real or personal, tangible or intangible, except: (a) Indebtedness to Lenders (or their Affiliates) hereunder; 52 (b) Indebtedness under the Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement; (c) current unsecured trade, utility or non-extraordinary accounts payable arising in the ordinary course of business and any unsecured letters of credit undertaken by such parties in the ordinary course of business outside the United States of America (and necessary under local customs and practices) to support such accounts payable; (d) purchase money Debt for fixed assets (including capitalized leases or other non-cancelable leases having a term of 12 months or longer), provided that the aggregate amount of all such purchase money Debt outstanding at any time shall not exceed seven and one-half percent (7.5%) of Tangible Net Worth; (e) any Debt assumed pursuant to an acquisition conducted in compliance with this Agreement, provided that such Debt was not entered into, extended or renewed in contemplation of such acquisition and provided further that the aggregate amount of all such Debt at any time outstanding shall not exceed six percent (6%) of Tangible Net Worth; (f) Debt to third parties in an aggregate amount at any time outstanding not to exceed $55,000,000; provided that such Debt be issued and at all times maintained on a pari passu basis with the Indebtedness, or on a basis subordinate thereto, and pursuant to documentation containing covenants not more restrictive in the aggregate than the covenants contained in this Agreement (as determined by the Agent and Required Lenders in their reasonable discretion) and provided further, however, that immediately before and immediately after such Debt is incurred, and giving effect thereto, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing (it being understood that for purposes of this Section 8.4(f), the granting of Liens which are permitted under Section 8.5 hereof shall not be deemed to constitute the entry into more restrictive covenants or to be other than on a pari passu basis); (g) Intercompany Loans, but only to the extent permitted under the other applicable terms and limitations of this Agreement, including but not limited to Section 8.7 hereof; (h) unsecured Debt issued under Rule 144 of the Securities Act of 1933 or pursuant to a private placement in an aggregate amount for all such Debt issued under this subparagraph (but without giving effect to any repayments or principal reductions thereof) not to exceed Two Hundred Million Dollars ($200,000,000); provided that such Debt be issued and all times maintained on a pari passu basis with the Indebtedness, or on a basis subordinate thereto, and pursuant to documentation containing covenants not more restrictive in the aggregate than the covenants contained in this Agreement (as determined by the Agent and the Required Lenders in their reasonable discretion); provided further, however, that immediately before and immediately after such Debt is incurred, and giving effect thereto, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing; and provided further that prior to or concurrently with the issuance of such Debt, the Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment is permanently reduced by an amount equal to not less than 75% of the proceeds of such Debt, net of normal and customary expenses of issuance payable to third parties; 53 (i) unsecured Debt incurred by LPSC and not covered by a Guaranty Obligation, Hedging Obligations and Stock Option Plan Debt. 8.5 Liens. Permit or suffer any Lien to exist on any of its properties, real, personal or mixed, tangible or intangible, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, except: (a) Liens in favor of the Agent, as security for the Indebtedness hereunder, for the indebtedness under the Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement and for indebtedness under any Hedging Obligations; (b) purchase money security interests in fixed assets to secure purchase money Debt permitted under Section 8.4(d) hereof, provided that such security interest is created substantially contemporaneously with the acquisition of such fixed assets and does not extend to any property other than the fixed assets so financed; (c) any lien securing third-party indebtedness assumed pursuant to any Permitted Acquisition conducted in compliance with this Agreement, provided that such lien is limited to the property so acquired and was not entered into, extended or renewed in contemplation of such acquisition; (d) Permitted Company Encumbrances and Permitted Encumbrances of the Subsidiaries; and (e) Liens securing Debt otherwise permitted hereunder, provided that the aggregate principal amount of all such Debt which is secured by a Lien shall not exceed Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000). 8.6 Dividends. Declare or pay any dividends on or make any other distribution with respect to (whether by reduction of Stockholder's Equity or otherwise) any shares of its capital stock, except for stock dividends and except for (a) cash dividends by any 100% Subsidiary to the Company or any other 100% Subsidiary which has executed a Guaranty hereunder, (b) dividends paid in cash or in kind by any Subsidiary which is not a 100% Subsidiary or by any Joint Venture, provided that such dividends are paid to each holder of share capital therein (including Company or any of its other Subsidiaries) on a pro rata basis (based on the relative amounts of share capital held by each such holder) and provided further that such dividends are paid to the Company or its other Subsidiaries on substantially the same (or better) terms as (and contemporaneously with) any dividends paid to Persons other than the Company and its Subsidiaries, (c) cash dividends by Vishay Europe which are reinvested in Vishay Europe by its shareholders in compliance with Section 8.7 hereof and (d) cash dividends by Vishay Electronic which are reinvested in Vishay Electronic by Vishay Europe in compliance with Section 8.7, hereof. 8.7 Investments. Make or allow to remain outstanding any investment (whether such investment shall be of the character of investment in shares of stock, evidences of indebtedness or other securities or otherwise) in, or any loans or advances to, any Person, firm, corporation or other entity or association, other than: 54 (a) Company's equity ownership interests in the Subsidiaries as of the Effective Date; (b) Additional cash investment in Vishay Europe by its shareholders or in Vishay Electronic by Vishay Europe, which is applied by Vishay Europe or Vishay Electronic, as the case may be, concurrently with such investment to reduce its Indebtedness under this Agreement or the Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement, in substantially the amount of such additional investment; (c) The existing investments, loans and/or advances in or to Subsidiaries set forth on Schedule 8.7 hereto, in addition to any other matters set forth in this Section 8.7; (d) Intercompany Loans, Advances, or Investments made on or after the Effective Date to Company, or by Company or any Subsidiary to Company or any 100% Subsidiary (excluding Vishay Israel), provided that both before and after giving effect to any such loans, advances or investments, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing under this Agreement; (e) Intercompany Loans, Advances or Investments made on or after the Effective Date by Company or any Subsidiary to Vishay Israel or to any Subsidiary which does not constitute a 100% Subsidiary other than Siliconix (provided that any Intercompany Loan included therein be evidenced by and funded under an Intercompany Note encumbered pursuant to a Pledge Agreement), without regard to any repayment of such loans, advances or investments (other than the repayment or recovery of capital or principal), provided that at the time any such loan, advance or investment is made (before and after giving effect thereto) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and provided further that the aggregate amount of all such loans, advances and investments shall not exceed, at any time outstanding, 10% of Tangible Net Worth; (f) Intercompany Loans to Siliconix, but only to the extent evidenced by and funded under an Intercompany Note encumbered pursuant to a Pledge Agreement, provided that both before and after giving effect to any such loans, advances or investments, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing under this Agreement; (g) loans, advances or investments made on or after the Effective Date (without regard to any repayment of such loans, advances or investments, other than the repayment of capital or principal) to any Joint Venture or other Person, including without limitation guaranties by the Company or any Subsidiary (valued on the basis of the aggregate amount of indebtedness covered by a guaranty) of third-party indebtedness of any such Joint Venture or other Person, which loans, advances or investments are not otherwise permitted under this Section 8.7, in an aggregate amount at any time outstanding not to exceed five percent (5%) of Tangible Net Worth; (h) the TEMIC Acquisition and the Remaining Siliconix Acquisition, subject in each case to the terms and conditions of this Agreement; (i) investments, whether by acquisition of shares of Capital Stock, indebtedness or other obligations or security of, any Person (other than a Subsidiary or an Affiliate) which is a 55 customer of the Company or any Subsidiary, which investment was made in exchange for amounts owed by such customer to the Company or any Subsidiary (and incurred in the ordinary course of business) or as an advance on the provision of goods and services in the ordinary course of business; (j) Hedging Obligations and guaranties by the Company of Hedging Obligations entered into by any Foreign Subsidiary; and (k) Permitted Investments. In valuing any investments, loans and advances for the purpose of applying the limitations set forth in this Section 8.7 (except as otherwise expressly provided herein), such investments, loans and advances shall be taken at the original cost thereof, without allowance for any subsequent write-offs or appreciation or depreciation therein, but less any amount repaid or recovered on account of capital or principal. 8.8 Accounts Receivable. Sell or assign any account, note or trade acceptance receivable, except to Agent on behalf of the Lenders. 8.9 Transactions with Affiliates. Enter into any transaction with any of its or their stockholders or officers or its or their affiliates, except in the ordinary course of business and on terms not less favorable than would be usual and customary in similar transactions between Persons dealing at arm's length. 8.10 Operations of Vishay Israel. Permit the normal manufacturing or other operations of Vishay Israel (or of Company or any of its other Subsidiaries conducted in Israel) to be interrupted, stopped or delayed for any period of fourteen (14) consecutive days, excluding regularly scheduled vacations and holidays in the ordinary course of such operations. 8.11 Prohibition Against Certain Restrictions. (a) Enter into or otherwise become subject to any agreement or arrangement (excluding this Agreement) with any lender or other third party (i) which prohibits, restricts or otherwise limits the ability of Company to make loans, advances or investments to its Subsidiaries or which prohibits, restricts or otherwise limits the ability of any Subsidiary to make loans, advances or investments in any other Subsidiary (ii) which prohibits, restricts or otherwise limits the ability of any Subsidiary to declare or pay any dividends on or make any other distribution with respect to any shares of its capital stock, or (iii) which prohibits, restricts or otherwise limits the execution, delivery or performance by Company or any Subsidiary of any guaranty, indemnity or similar undertaking in favor of Agent or the Lenders. (b) Enter into any agreement, document or instrument which would restrict or prevent Company and its Subsidiaries from granting Agent on behalf of Lenders liens upon, security interests in and pledges of their respective assets which are senior in priority to all other Liens. 8.12 Amendment of the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement or Lite-On Documents. Amend, modify or otherwise alter (or suffer to be amended, modified or altered) any of the material terms and conditions of the TEMIC Acquisition Agreement or the Lite-On Documents in any respect 56 which is materially adverse to the Company, as determined by Company in its reasonable discretion, without the prior written approval of Agent and the Required Lenders; provided that promptly following any amendment to any of such documents, Company shall provide Agent with copies of such amendments, for distribution to the Lenders. 9. DEFAULTS 9.1 Events of Default. Any of the following events is an "Event of Default": (a) non-payment when due of the principal or interest of any Advance in accordance with the terms thereof or of any reimbursement obligation under Section 3.6 hereof, and in the case of interest payments, continuance thereof for three (3) days; (b) default in the payment of any money by Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers under this Agreement (other than as set forth in subsection (a), above) or the other Loan Documents, and continuance thereof for three (3) days of the date the same is due and payable; (c) default in the observance or performance of any of the other conditions, covenants or agreements set forth in this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents by any party thereto (provided that, with respect to the covenants set forth in Sections 7.8, 7.10, 7.12, 7.13 and 7.14 hereof, such event has continued for thirty (30) consecutive days) or the occurrence of any other default or Event of Default, as the case may be hereunder or thereunder; (d) any representation or warranty made by Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers herein or in any instrument submitted pursuant hereto or by any other party to the Loan Documents proves untrue in any material adverse respect when made; provided that, with respect to any misrepresentation or breach of warranty arising subsequent to the date hereof under Sections 6.7, 6.8, 6.13 through 6.15 and 6.18 of this Agreement solely by virtue of the nature of the representations and warranties hereunder as continuing, (i) as to Section 6.8, hereof, any applicable cure period existing in respect of such matters shall have expired and (ii) as to the remaining Sections of this Agreement specified in this subparagraph (d), such misrepresentation or breach of warranty hereunder shall have continued for a period of thirty (30) consecutive days; (e) any provision of any Guaranty, or any Pledge Agreement shall at any time for any reason (other than in accordance with its terms or the terms of this Agreement) cease to be valid and binding and enforceable against the Company or the Significant Subsidiaries, as applicable, or the validity, binding effect or enforceability thereof shall be contested by any Person, or the Company or any of the Significant Subsidiaries shall deny that it has any or further liability or obligation under any Guaranty, or any Pledge Agreement, as applicable, or any Guaranty, or any Pledge Agreement shall be terminated, invalidated or set aside or in any way cease to give or provide to the Lenders and the Agent the benefits purported to be created thereby; 57 (f) default in the payment of any other obligation of Company, its Subsidiaries or any of the Permitted Borrowers for borrowed money in excess of Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000) (or the equivalent thereof in an Alternative Currency), individually or in the aggregate; or default in the observance or performance of any conditions, covenants or agreements related or given with respect to any other obligations for borrowed money in an aggregate amount in excess of Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000) (or the equivalent thereof in an Alternative Currency), which is sufficient to permit the holder thereof to accelerate the maturity of such obligation; (g) the rendering of any judgment or judgments for the payment of money in excess of the sum of Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000) (or the Alternative Currency equivalent thereof) in the aggregate against Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Permitted Borrowers, and such judgments shall remain unpaid, unvacated, unbonded or unstayed by appeal or otherwise for a period of thirty (30) consecutive days, except as covered by adequate insurance with a reputable carrier and an action is pending in which an active defense is being made with respect thereto; (h) any Person shall engage in any Prohibited Transaction involving any Pension Plan, (ii) any Accumulated Funding Deficiency, whether or not waived, shall exist with respect to any Pension Plan or any Lien in favor of the PBGC or a Pension Plan shall arise on the assets of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate, (iii) a Reportable Event shall occur with respect to, or proceedings shall commence to have a trustee appointed, or a trustee shall be appointed, to administer or to terminate, any Single Employer Plan, (iv) any Single Employer Plan shall terminate for purposes of Title IV of ERISA or (v) the Company or any ERISA Affiliate shall, or in the reasonable opinion of the Required Lenders is likely to, incur any liability in connection with a withdrawal from, or the insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of, a Multiemployer Plan and in each case in clauses (i) through (v) above, (x) a period of sixty (60) days, or more, has elapsed from the occurrence of such event or condition and (y) such event or condition, together with all other such events or conditions, if any, could reasonably be expected to subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any tax, penalty or other liabilities in the aggregate material in relation to the business, operations, property or financial or other condition of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (i) (A) any one Person or group of Persons acting in concert shall acquire or control, directly or indirectly, whether by ownership, proxy, voting trust or otherwise, twenty percent (20%) or more of the voting power of the issued and outstanding stock of Company, other than (x) any Person or group of Persons beneficially owning, directly or indirectly, as of the date hereof capital stock of the Company with twenty percent (20%) or more of such voting power or (y) any Permitted Transferee; or (B) individuals who constitute the Continuing Directors cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Company's directors (for purposes of this Section 9.1(i)(B), "Continuing Director" means any director who is currently a director and any director who is nominated or elected by a majority of Continuing Directors who are then directors); 58 (j) If a creditors' committee shall have been appointed for the business of Company or any of its Subsidiaries; or if Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall have made a general assignment for the benefit of creditors or shall have been adjudicated bankrupt, or shall have filed a voluntary petition in bankruptcy or for reorganization or to effect a plan or arrangement with creditors or shall fail to pay its debts generally as such debts become due in the ordinary course of business (except as contested in good faith and for which adequate reserves are made in such party's financial statements); or shall file an answer to a creditor's petition or other petition filed against it, admitting the material allegations thereof for an adjudication in bankruptcy or for reorganization; or shall have applied for or permitted the appointment of a receiver or trustee or custodian for any of its property or assets; or such receiver, trustee or custodian shall have been appointed for any of its property or assets (otherwise than upon application or consent of Company, or any of its Subsidiaries) and such appointment has not been dismissed or stayed within thirty (30) days from the date of appointment or if an order for relief or otherwise approving any petition for reorganization of Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall be entered; or if an involuntary petition is filed against Company or any of its Subsidiaries and shall not be dismissed or stayed within thirty (30) days from the date of filing thereof. 9.2 Exercise of Remedies. If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing hereunder: (a) the Agent shall, if directed to do so by the Required Lenders, declare any commitment of the Lenders to extend credit hereunder immediately terminated; (b) the Agent shall, if directed to do so by the Required Lenders, declare the entire unpaid Indebtedness immediately due and payable, without presentment, notice or demand, all of which are hereby expressly waived by Company and the Permitted Borrowers; (c) upon the occurrence of any Event of Default specified in Section 9.1(j) above, and notwithstanding the lack of any declaration by Agent under the preceding clause (a) or (b), the Lenders' commitments to extend credit hereunder shall immediately and automatically terminate and the entire unpaid Indebtedness shall become automatically due and payable without presentment, notice or demand; and (d) the Agent shall, if directed to do so by the Required Lenders or the Lenders, as applicable (subject to the terms hereof), exercise any remedy permitted by this Agreement, the other Loan Documents or law. 9.3 Rights Cumulative. No delay or failure of Agent and/or Lenders in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder shall affect such right, power or privilege, nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof, or the exercise of any other power, right or privilege. The rights of Lenders under this Agreement are cumulative and not exclusive of any right or remedies which Lenders would otherwise have. 9.4 Waiver by Company and Permitted Borrowers of Certain Laws; JURY WAIVER. To the extent permitted by applicable law, Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers hereby agree to waive, and do hereby absolutely and irrevocably waive and relinquish the benefit and advantage of any valuation, stay, appraisement, extension or redemption laws now existing or which may hereafter exist, which, but for this provision, might be applicable to any sale made under the judgment, order or decree of any court, on any claim for interest on any principal of any Advance, AND FURTHER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AGREE TO WAIVE THE RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY WITH RESPECT TO ANY AND ALL ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS IN WHICH 59 AGENT OR THE LENDERS (OR ANY OF THEM), ON THE ONE HAND, AND THE COMPANY OR ANY OF THE PERMITTED BORROWERS, ON THE OTHER HAND, ARE PARTIES, WHETHER OR NOT SUCH ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS ARISE OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS, OR OTHERWISE. These waivers have been voluntarily given, with full knowledge of the consequences thereof. 9.5 Waiver of Defaults. No Event of Default shall be waived by the Lenders except in a writing signed by an officer of the Agent in accordance with Section 13.11 hereof. No single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege hereunder, nor any delay in the exercise thereof, shall preclude any other or further exercise of the Lenders' rights by Agent. No waiver of any Event of Default shall extend to any other or further Event of Default. No forbearance on the part of the Agent in enforcing any of the Lenders' rights shall constitute a waiver of any of their rights. Company and the Permitted Borrowers expressly agree that this Section may not be waived or modified by the Lenders or Agent by course of performance, estoppel or otherwise. 9.6 Cross-Default. In addition to the other Events of Default specified herein, any default in the observance, payment or performance of or failure to comply with, after allowance for any applicable cure period, any of the conditions, covenants or agreements of Company or the Permitted Borrowers under the Long Term Credit Agreement or any of the other Long Term Loan Documents, or any security agreements in relation thereto, shall be an Event of Default under the provisions of this Agreement entitling Agent, with the consent of the Required Lenders (without notice or any cure period except as expressly provided herein or therein), to exercise any and all rights and remedies provided hereby. Any Event of Default shall also constitute a default under all other instruments securing this or any other present or future borrowings, or any agreements in relation thereto, entitling Agent and the Lenders to exercise any and all rights and remedies provided therein. 10. PAYMENTS, RECOVERIES AND COLLECTIONS. 10.1 Payment Procedure. (a) All payments by Company and/or by any of the Permitted Borrowers of principal of, or interest on, Advances of the Revolving Credit or Fees shall be made without setoff or counterclaim on the date specified for payment under this Agreement not later than 11:00 a.m. (Detroit time) in Dollars in immediately available funds to Agent, for the ratable account of the Lenders, at Agent's office located at One Detroit Center, Detroit, Michigan 48226, in respect of Domestic Advances or Fees payable in Dollars. Payments made in respect of any Advance in any Alternative Currency or any Fees payable in any Alternative Currency shall be made in such Alternative Currency in immediately available funds for the account of Agent's Eurocurrency Lending Office, at the Agent's Correspondent, for the ratable account of the Lenders, not later than 11:00 a.m. (the time of Agent's Correspondent). Upon receipt of each such payment, the Agent shall make prompt payment to each Lender, or, in respect of Eurocurrency-based Advances, such Lender's Eurocurrency Lending Office, in like funds and currencies, of all amounts received by it for the account of such Lender. 60 (b) Unless the Agent shall have been notified by the Company prior to the date on which any payment to be made by the Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers is due that the Company or such Permitted Borrower does not intend to remit such payment, the Agent may, in its discretion, assume that the Company or such Permitted Borrower has remitted such payment when so due and the Agent may, in reliance upon such assumption, make available to each Lender on such payment date an amount equal to such Lender's share of such assumed payment. If the Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers has not in fact remitted such payment to the Agent, each Lender shall forthwith on demand repay to the Agent in the applicable currency the amount of such assumed payment made available to such Lender, together with the interest thereon, in respect of each day from and including the date such amount was made available by the Agent to such Lender to the date such amount is repaid to the Agent at a rate per annum equal to (i) for Prime-based Advances, the Federal Funds Effective Rate, as the same may vary from time to time, and (ii) with respect to Eurocurrency-based Advances, Agent's aggregate marginal cost (including the cost of maintaining any required reserves or deposit insurance and of any fees, penalties, overdraft charges or other costs or expenses incurred by Agent) of carrying such amount. (c) Whenever any payment to be made hereunder (other than payments in respect of any Eurocurrency-based Advance) shall otherwise be due on a day which is not a Business Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day and such extension of time shall be included in computing interest, if any, in connection with such payment. Whenever any payment of principal of, or interest on, a Eurocurrency-based Advance shall be due on a day which is not a Business Day the date of payment thereof shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day unless as a result thereof it would fall in the next calendar month, in which case it shall be shortened to the next preceding Business Day and, in the case of a payment of principal, interest thereon shall be payable for such extended or shortened time, if any. (d) All payments to be made by the Company or the Permitted Borrowers under this Agreement shall be made without set-off or counterclaim, as aforesaid, and without deduction for or on account of any present or future withholding or other taxes of any nature imposed by any governmental authority or of any political subdivision thereof or any federation or organization of which such governmental authority may at the time of payment be a member, unless Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers, as the case may be, is compelled by law to make payment subject to such tax. In such event, Company and such Permitted Borrower shall: (i) pay to the Agent for Agent's own account and/or, as the case may be, for the account of the Lenders such additional amounts as may be necessary to ensure that the Agent and/or such Lender or Lenders receive a net amount in the applicable Permitted Currency equal to the full amount which would have been receivable had payment not been made subject to such tax; and 61 (ii) remit such tax to the relevant taxing authorities according to applicable law, and send to the Agent such certificates or certified copy receipts as the Agent or any Lender shall reasonably require as proof of the payment by the Company or such Permitted Borrower of any such taxes payable by the Company or such Permitted Borrower. As used herein, the terms "tax", "taxes" and "taxation" include all taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees, deductions and withholdings and any restrictions or conditions resulting in a charge together with interest (and any taxes payable upon the amounts paid or payable pursuant to this Section 10.1) thereon and fines and penalties with respect thereto which may be imposed by reason of any violation or default with respect to the law regarding such tax, assessed as a result of or in connection with the transactions in any Alternative Currency hereunder, or the payment and/or receipt of funds in any Alternative Currency hereunder, or the payment or delivery of funds into or out of any jurisdiction other than the United States (whether assessed against Company, the Permitted Borrower, Agent or any of the Lenders). 10.2 Application of Proceeds. Subject to the Pledge Agreements, but notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or other Loan Document, after an Event of Default, the proceeds of any offsets, voluntary payments by the Company or the Permitted Borrowers or others and any other sums received or collected in respect of the Indebtedness, shall be applied, first, to payment of principal and interest of outstanding Advances in such order and manner as determined by the Required Lenders (subject, however, to the applicable Percentages of the Revolving Credit held by each of the Lenders), next, to any other Indebtedness on a pro rata basis, and then, if there is any excess, to the Company or the Permitted Borrowers, as the case may be. The application of such proceeds and other sums to the outstanding Indebtedness hereunder shall be based on each Lender's Percentage of the aggregate Indebtedness. 10.3 Pro-rata Recovery. If any Lender shall obtain any payment or other recovery (whether voluntary, involuntary, by application of offset or otherwise) on account of principal of, or interest on, any of the outstanding Advances in excess of its pro rata share of payments then or thereafter obtained by all Lenders upon principal of and interest on all outstanding Advances, such Lender shall purchase from the other Lenders such participations in the outstanding Advances held by them as shall be necessary to cause such purchasing Lender to share the excess payment or other recovery ratably in accordance with the Percentages of the Revolving Credit with each of them; provided, however, that if all or any portion of the excess payment or other recovery is thereafter recovered from such purchasing holder, the purchase shall be rescinded and the purchase price restored to the extent of such recovery, but without interest. 10.4 Set Off. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default, each Lender may at any time and from time to time, without notice to the Company but subject to the provisions of Section 10.3 hereof, (any requirement for such notice being expressly waived by the Company) set off and apply against any and all of the obligations of the Company or any Permitted Borrower now or hereafter existing under this Agreement, whether owing to such Lender or any other Lender or the Agent, any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) at any time held and other indebtedness at any time owing by such Lender to 62 or for the credit or the account of the Company or such Permitted Borrower and any property of the Company or such Permitted Borrower from time to time in possession of such Lender, irrespective of whether or not such deposits held or indebtedness owing by such Lender may be contingent and unmatured. Promptly following any such setoff, such Lender shall give written notice to Agent and to Company and the applicable Permitted Borrower of the occurrence thereof. Each of the Company and each Permitted Borrower hereby grants to the Lenders and the Agent a lien on and security interest in all such deposits, indebtedness and property as collateral security for the payment and performance of all of the obligations of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers under this Agreement. The rights of each Lender under this Section 10.4 are in addition to the other rights and remedies (including, without limitation, other rights of setoff) which such Lender may have. 11. CHANGES IN LAW OR CIRCUMSTANCES; INCREASED COSTS. 11.1 Reimbursement of Prepayment Costs. If Company or any Permitted Borrower makes any payment of principal with respect to any Eurocurrency-based Advance on any day other than the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto (whether voluntarily, by acceleration, or otherwise), or if Company or any Permitted Borrower converts or refunds (or attempts to convert or refund) any such Advance on any day other than the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto; or if Company or any Permitted Borrower fails to borrow, refund or convert into any Eurocurrency-based Advance after notice has been given by Company or such Permitted Borrower to Agent in accordance with the terms hereof requesting such Advance, or if Company or any Permitted Borrower fails to make any payment of principal or interest in respect of a Eurocurrency-based Advance when due, Company and the applicable Permitted Borrower shall reimburse Agent for itself and/or on behalf of any Lender, as the case may be, on demand for any resulting loss, cost or expense incurred (excluding the loss of any Applicable Margin) by Agent and Lenders, as the case may be as a result thereof, including, without limitation, any such loss, cost or expense incurred in obtaining, liquidating, employing or redeploying deposits from third parties, whether or not Agent and Lenders, as the case may be, shall have funded or committed to fund such Advance. Such amount payable by Company to Agent for itself and/or on behalf of any Lender, as the case may be, may include, without limitation, an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (a) the amount of interest which would have accrued on the amount so prepaid, or not so borrowed, refunded or converted, for the period from the date of such prepayment or of such failure to borrow, refund or convert, through the last day of the relevant Interest Period, at the applicable rate of interest for said Advance(s) provided under this Agreement, over (b) the amount of interest (as reasonably determined by Agent and Lenders, as the case may be) which would have accrued to Agent and Lenders, as the case may be, on such amount by placing such amount on deposit for a comparable period with leading banks in the interbank eurocurrency market. Calculation of any amounts payable to any Lender under this paragraph shall be made as though such Lender shall have actually funded or committed to fund the relevant Advance through the purchase of an underlying deposit in an amount equal to the amount of such Advance and having a maturity comparable to the relevant Interest Period; provided, however, that any Lender may fund any Eurocurrency-based Advance in any manner it deems fit and the foregoing assumptions shall be utilized only for the purpose of the calculation of amounts payable under this paragraph. Upon the written request of Company, Agent and Lenders shall deliver to Company a certificate setting forth the basis for determining such losses, costs and expenses, which certificate shall be conclusively presumed correct, absent manifest error. 63 11.2 Eurocurrency Lending Office. For any Advance to which the Eurocurrency-based Rate is applicable, if Agent or a Lender, as applicable, shall designate a Eurocurrency Lending Office which maintains books separate from those of the rest of Agent or such Lender, Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, shall have the option of maintaining and carrying the relevant Advance on the books of such Eurocurrency Lending Office. 11.3 Availability of Alternative Currency. The Agent and the Lenders shall not be required to make any Advance in an Alternative Currency if, at any time prior to making such Advance, the Agent or the Required Lenders (after consultation with Agent) shall determine, in its or their sole discretion, that (i) deposits in the applicable Alternative Currency in the amounts and maturities required to fund such Advance will not be available to the Agent and the Lenders; (ii) a fundamental change has occurred in the foreign exchange or interbank markets with respect to the applicable Alternative Currency (including, without limitation, changes in national or international financial, political or economic conditions or currency exchange rates or exchange controls); or (iii) it has become otherwise materially impractical for the Agent or the Lenders, as applicable, to make such Advance in the applicable Alternative Currency. The Agent or the applicable Lender, as the case may be, shall promptly notify the Company and Lenders of any such determination. 11.4 Refunding Advances in Same Currency. If pursuant to any provisions of this Agreement, the Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers repays one or more Advances and on the same day borrows an amount in the same currency, the Agent shall apply the proceeds of such new borrowing to repay the principal of the Advance or Advances being repaid and only an amount equal to the difference (if any) between the amount being borrowed and the amount being repaid shall be remitted by the Agent to the Company or such Permitted Borrower, or by the Company or such Permitted Borrower to the Agent, as the case may be. 11.5 Circumstances Affecting Eurocurrency-based Rate Availability. If with respect to any Interest Period, Agent or the Required Lenders (after consultation with Agent) shall determine that, by reason of circumstances affecting the foreign exchange and interbank markets generally, deposits in eurodollars or in any applicable Alternative Currency, as the case may be, in the applicable amounts are not being offered to the Agent or such Lenders for such Interest Period, then Agent shall forthwith give notice thereof to the Company and the Permitted Borrowers. Thereafter, until Agent notifies Company and the Permitted Borrowers that such circumstances no longer exist, (i) the obligation of Lenders to make Eurocurrency-based Advances (other than in any applicable Alternative Currency with respect to which deposits are available, as required hereunder), and the right of Company and the Permitted Borrowers to convert an Advance to or refund an Advance as a Eurocurrency-based Advance, as the case may be (other than in any applicable Alternative Currency with respect to which deposits are available, as required hereunder), shall be suspended, and (ii) the Company and the Permitted Borrowers shall repay in full (or cause to be repaid in full) the then outstanding principal amount of each such Eurocurrency-based Advance covered hereby in the applicable Permitted Currency, together with accrued interest thereon, any amounts payable under Sections 11.1 and 11.8 hereof, and all other amounts payable hereunder on the last day of the then current Interest Period applicable to such Advance. Upon the date for repayment as aforesaid and unless Company notifies Agent to the contrary within two (2) Business Days after receiving a 64 notice from Agent pursuant to this Section, such outstanding principal amount shall be converted to a Prime-based Advance as of the last day of such Interest Period. 11.6 Laws Affecting Eurocurrency-based Advance Availability. If, after the date of this Agreement, the introduction of, or any change in, any applicable law, rule or regulation or in the interpretation or administration thereof by any governmental authority charged with the interpretation or administration thereof, or compliance by any of the Lenders (or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices) with any request or directive (whether or not having the force of law) of any such authority, shall make it unlawful or impossible for any of the Lenders (or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices) to honor its obligations hereunder to make or maintain any Advance with interest at the Eurocurrency-based Rate, or in an Alternative Currency, such Lender shall forthwith give notice thereof to Company and to Agent. Thereafter, (a) the obligations of Lenders to make Eurocurrency-based Advances or Advances in any such Alternative Currency and the right of Company or any Permitted Borrower to convert an Advance into or refund an Advance as a Eurocurrency-based Advance or as an Advance in any such Alternative Currency shall be suspended and thereafter Company and the Permitted Borrowers may select as Applicable Interest Rates or as Alternative Currencies only those which remain available and which are permitted to be selected hereunder, and (b) if any of the Lenders may not lawfully continue to maintain an Advance to the end of the then current Interest Period applicable thereto as a Eurocurrency-based Advance or in such Alternative Currency, the applicable Advance shall immediately be converted to a Prime-based Advance (in the Dollar Amount thereof) and the Prime-based Rate shall be applicable thereto for the remainder of such Interest Period. For purposes of this Section, a change in law, rule, regulation, interpretation or administration shall include, without limitation, any change made or which becomes effective on the basis of a law, rule, regulation, interpretation or administration presently in force, the effective date of which change is delayed by the terms of such law, rule, regulation, interpretation or administration. 11.7 Increased Cost of Eurocurrency-based Advances. If the adoption after the date of this Agreement of, or any change after the date of this Agreement in, any applicable law, rule or regulation of or in the interpretation or administration thereof by any governmental authority, central bank or comparable agency charged with the interpretation or administration thereof, or compliance by Agent or any of the Lenders (or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices) with any request or directive (whether or not having the force of law) made by any such authority, central bank or comparable agency after the date hereof: (a) shall subject any of the Lenders (or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices) to any tax, duty or other charge with respect to any Advance or shall change the basis of taxation of payments to any of the Lenders (or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices) of the principal of or interest on any Advance or any other amounts due under this Agreement in respect thereof (except for changes in the rate of tax on the overall net income of any of the Lenders or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices imposed by the jurisdiction in which such Lender's principal executive office or Eurocurrency Lending Office is located); or 65 (b) shall impose, modify or deem applicable any reserve (including, without limitation, any imposed by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System), special deposit or similar requirement against assets of, deposits with or for the account of, or credit extended by, any of the Lenders (or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices) or shall impose on any of the Lenders (or any of their respective Eurocurrency Lending Offices) or the foreign exchange and interbank markets any other condition affecting any Advance; and the result of any of the foregoing is to increase the costs to any of the Lenders of maintaining any part of the Indebtedness hereunder as a Eurocurrency-based Advance or as an Advance in any Alternative Currency or to reduce the amount of any sum received or receivable by any of the Lenders under this Agreement in respect of a Eurocurrency-based Advance or any Advance in an Alternative Currency, whether with respect to Advances to Company or to any of the Permitted Borrowers, then such Lender shall promptly notify Agent, and Agent (or such Lender, as aforesaid) shall promptly notify Company and Permitted Borrowers of such fact and demand compensation therefor and, within fifteen (15) days after such notice, Company agrees to pay to such Lender such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender or Lenders for such increased cost or reduction. Agent will promptly notify Company and the Permitted Borrowers of any event of which it has knowledge which will entitle Lenders to compensation pursuant to this Section, or which will cause Company or Permitted Borrowers to incur additional liability under Sections 11.1 and 11.8 hereof, provided that Agent shall incur no liability whatsoever to the Lenders, Company or Permitted Borrowers in the event it fails to do so. A certificate of Agent (or such Lender, if applicable) setting forth the basis for determining such additional amount or amounts necessary to compensate such Lender or Lenders shall be conclusively presumed to be correct save for manifest error. For purposes of this Section, a change in law, rule, regulation, interpretation, administration, request or directive shall include, without limitation, any change made or which becomes effective on the basis of a law, rule, regulation, interpretation, administration, request or directive presently in force, the effective date of which change is delayed by the terms of such law, rule, regulation, interpretation, administration, request or directive. 11.8 Indemnity. The Company will indemnify Agent and each of the Lenders against any loss or expense (but excluding loss of any Applicable Margin) which may arise or be attributable to the Agent's and each Lender's obtaining, liquidating or employing deposits or other funds acquired to effect, fund or maintain the Advances (a) as a consequence of any failure by the Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers to make any payment when due of any amount due hereunder in connection with a Eurocurrency-based Advance, (b) due to any failure of the Company or any Permitted Borrower to borrow, refund or convert on a date specified therefor in a Request for Advance or (c) due to any payment, prepayment or conversion of any Eurocurrency-based Advance on a date other than the last day of the Interest Period for such Advance. Such loss or expense shall be calculated based upon the present value, as applicable, of payments due from the Company or such Permitted Borrower with respect to a deposit obtained by the Agent or any of the Lenders in order to fund such Advance to the Company or to such Permitted Borrower. The Agent's and each Lender's, as applicable, calculations of any such loss or expense shall be furnished to the Company and shall be conclusive, absent manifest error. 66 11.9 Judgment Currency. The obligation of the Company and Permitted Borrowers to make payments of the principal of and interest on the outstanding Advances and any other amounts payable hereunder in the currency specified for such payment herein shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, or any recovery pursuant to any judgment, which is expressed in or converted into any other currency, except to the extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the actual receipt by each of the Lenders of the full amount of the particular Permitted Currency expressed to be payable herein. The Agent shall, using all amounts obtained or received from the Company and from Permitted Borrowers pursuant to any such tender or recovery in payment of principal of and interest on the outstanding Advances, promptly purchase the applicable Permitted Currency at the most favorable spot exchange rate determined by the Agent to be available to it. The obligation of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers to make payments in the applicable Permitted Currency shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of action solely for the purpose of recovering in the applicable Permitted Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short of the full amount of the Permitted Currency expressed to be payable herein. 11.10 Capital Adequacy and Other Increased Costs. In the event that after the Effective Date the adoption of or any change in any applicable law, treaty, rule or regulation (whether domestic or foreign) now or hereafter in effect and whether or not presently applicable to any Lender or Agent, or any interpretation or administration thereof by any governmental authority charged with the interpretation or administration thereof, or compliance by any Lender or Agent with any guideline, request or directive of any such authority (whether or not having the force of law), including any risk based capital guidelines, affects or would affect the amount of capital required or expected to be maintained by such Lender or Agent (or any corporation controlling such Lender or Agent) and such Lender or Agent, as the case may be, determines that the amount of such capital is increased by or based upon the existence of such Lender's or Agent's obligations or Advances hereunder and such increase has the effect of reducing the rate of return on such Lender's or Agent's (or such controlling corporation's) capital as a consequence of such obligations or Advances hereunder to a level below that which such Lender or Agent (or such controlling corporation) could have achieved but for such circumstances (taking into consideration its policies with respect to capital adequacy) by an amount deemed by such Lender or Agent to be material (collectively, "Increased Costs"), then Agent or such Lender shall notify the Company, and thereafter the Company shall pay to such Lender or Agent, as the case may be, from time to time, upon request by such Lender or Agent, additional amounts sufficient to compensate such Lender or Agent (or such controlling corporation) for any increase in the amount of capital and reduced rate of return which such Lender or Agent reasonably determines to be allocable to the existence of such Lender's or Agent's obligations or Advances hereunder; provided, however that the Company shall not be obligated to reimburse any Lender for any Increased Costs pursuant to this Section 11.10 unless such Lender notifies Company and the Agent within 180 days after such affected Lender has obtained actual knowledge of such Increased Costs (but in any event within 365 days after such affected Lender is required to comply with the applicable change in law). A statement as to the amount of such compensation, prepared in good faith and in reasonable detail by such Lender or Agent, as the case may be, shall be submitted by such Lender or by Agent to the Company, reasonably promptly after becoming aware of any event described in this Section 11.10 and shall be conclusive, absent manifest error in computation. 67 11.11 Substitution of Lenders. If (a) the obligation of any Lender to make Eurocurrency-based Advances has been suspended pursuant to Section 11.5 or 11.6 or (b) any Lender has demanded compensation under Section 11.1 or 11.7, (in each case, an "Affected Lender"), then Company shall have the right (subject to Section 13.8 hereof), with the assistance of the Agent, to seek a substitute lender or lenders (which may be one or more of the Lenders (the "Purchasing Lender" or "Purchasing Lenders") to purchase the Advances of the Revolving Credit and assume the commitments under this Agreement of such Affected Lender. The Affected Lender shall be obligated to sell its Advances of the Revolving Credit and assign its commitments to such Purchasing Lender or Purchasing Lenders within fifteen days after receiving notice from Company requiring it to do so, at an aggregate price equal to the outstanding principal amount thereof, plus unpaid interest accrued thereon up to but excluding the date of the sale. In connection with any such sale, and as a condition thereof, Company shall pay to the Affected Lender all fees accrued for its account hereunder to but excluding the date of such sale, plus, if demanded by the Affected Lender within ten Business Days after such sale, (i) the amount of any compensation which would be due to the Affected Lender under Section 11.1 if Company (or the applicable Permitted Borrower) has prepaid the outstanding Eurocurrency-based Advances of the Affected Lender on the date of such sale and (ii) any additional compensation accrued for its account under 3.4, 11.7 and 11.10 to but excluding said date. Upon such sale, the Purchasing Lender or Purchasing Lenders shall assume the Affected Lender's commitment, and the Affected Lender shall be released from its obligations hereunder to a corresponding extent. If any Purchasing Lender is not already one of the Lenders, the Affected Lender, as assignor, such Purchasing Lender, as assignee, Company and the Agent, shall enter into an Assignment Agreement pursuant to Section 13.8 hereof, whereupon such Purchasing Lender shall be a Lender party to this Agreement, shall be deemed to be an assignee hereunder and shall have all the rights and obligations of a Lender with a Percentage equal to its ratable share of the then applicable Revolving Credit Aggregate Commitment. In connection with any assignment pursuant to this Section 11.11, Company or the Purchasing Lender shall pay to the Agent the administrative fee for processing such assignment referred to in Section 13.8. 12. AGENTS 12.1 Appointment of Agent. Each Lender appoints and authorizes the Agent to act on behalf of such Lender under the Loan Documents and appoints and authorizes the Agents to exercise such powers hereunder and thereunder as are specifically delegated to or required of the Agents, as the case may be, by the terms hereof and thereof, together with such powers as may be reasonably incidental thereto. Each Lender agrees (which agreement shall survive any termination of this Agreement) to reimburse Agent for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (including in-house and outside attorneys' fees) incurred by Agent hereunder or in connection herewith or with an Event of Default or in enforcing the obligations of Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers under this Agreement or the other Loan Documents or any other instrument executed pursuant hereto (to the extent of Agent's powers hereunder or thereunder, as aforesaid), and for which Agent is not reimbursed by Company or such Permitted Borrower, pro rata according to such Lender's Percentage, but excluding any such expenses resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Agent, as applicable. Agent shall not be required to take any action under the Loan Documents, or to prosecute or defend any suit in respect of the Loan Documents, unless indemnified to their respective satisfaction by the Lenders against loss, costs, liability and expense 68 (excluding liability resulting from its gross negligence or willful misconduct). If any indemnity furnished to Agent shall become impaired, it may call for additional indemnity and cease to do the acts indemnified against until such additional indemnity is given. 12.2 Deposit Account with Agent. Each of Company and the Permitted Borrowers hereby authorizes Agent to charge its general deposit account, if any, maintained with Agent for the amount of any principal, interest, or other amounts or costs due under this Agreement when the same becomes due and payable under the terms of this Agreement. 12.3 Exculpatory Provisions. The Agent agrees to exercise its rights and powers, and to perform its duties, as an agent hereunder and under the other Loan Documents in accordance with its usual customs and practices in bank-agency transactions, but only upon and subject to the express terms and conditions of this Section 12 (and no implied covenants or other obligations shall be read into this Agreement against the Agent); neither the Agent nor any of its directors, officers, employees or agents shall be liable to any Lender for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it or them under this Agreement or any document executed pursuant hereto, or in connection herewith or therewith, except for its or their own willful misconduct or gross negligence, nor be responsible for any recitals or warranties herein or therein, or for the effectiveness, enforceability, validity or due execution of this Agreement or any document executed pursuant hereto, or any security thereunder, or to make any inquiry respecting the performance by Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Permitted Borrowers of its obligations hereunder or thereunder. Agent shall not have, or be deemed to have, a fiduciary relationship with any Lender by reason of this Agreement. Agent shall be entitled to rely upon advice of counsel concerning legal matters and upon any notice, consent, certificate, statement or writing which it believes to be genuine and to have been presented by a proper person. 12.4 Successor Agent. The Agent may resign as such at any time upon at least 30 days prior notice to Company and all Lenders. If Agent at any time shall resign or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of the Agent for any other reason, Required Lenders shall, by written instrument, appoint a successor Agent (consisting of any other Lender or financial institution satisfactory to such Required Lenders) which shall thereupon become Agent hereunder and shall be entitled to receive from the prior agent such documents of transfer and assignment as such successor agent may reasonably request. Such successor Agent shall succeed to all of the rights and obligations of the retiring agent as if originally named. The retiring agent shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Agent all moneys at the time held by the retiring agent hereunder after deducting therefrom its expenses for which it is entitled to be reimbursed. Upon such succession of any such successor agent, the retiring agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder, except for its gross negligence or willful misconduct arising prior to its retirement hereunder, and the provisions of this Section 12 shall continue in effect for its benefit in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by it while it was acting as an agent hereunder. 12.5 Loans by Agents. Each of the Agents shall have the same rights and powers with respect to the credit extended by it as any Lender and may exercise the same as if it were not an agent hereunder, and the term "Lender" and, when appropriate, "holder" shall include the Agents in their respective individual capacities. 69 12.6 Credit Decisions. Each Lender acknowledges that it has, independently of Agents and each other Lender and based on the financial statements of Company, the Permitted Borrowers and the Subsidiaries and such other documents, information and investigations as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit decision to extend credit hereunder from time to time. Each Lender also acknowledges that it will, independently of Agents and each other Lender and based on such other documents, information and investigations as it shall deem appropriate at any time, continue to make its own credit decisions as to exercising or not exercising from time to time any rights and privileges available to it under this Agreement or any document executed pursuant hereto. 12.7 Notices by Agent. Agent shall give prompt notice to each Lender of its receipt of each notice or request required or permitted to be given to Agent by Company or a Permitted Borrower pursuant to the terms of this Agreement and shall promptly distribute to the Lenders any reports received from the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Permitted Borrowers under the terms hereof, or other material information or documents received by Agent, in its capacity Agent, from the Company, its Subsidiaries or the Permitted Borrowers. 12.8 Agent's Fees. Until the Indebtedness has been repaid and discharged in full and no commitment to fund any loan hereunder is outstanding, the Company shall pay to the Agent, as applicable, an agency fee(s) set forth (or to be set forth from time to time) in the Fee Letter on the terms set forth therein. The Agent's Fees described in this Section 12.8 shall not be refundable under any circumstances. 12.9 Nature of Agency. The appointment of Agents as Agent and Syndication Agent, respectively, is for the convenience of Lenders, Company and the Permitted Borrowers in making Advances of the Revolving Credit or any other Indebtedness of Company or the Permitted Borrowers hereunder, collecting fees, and principal and interest on the Indebtedness, and otherwise administering this Agreement and the other Loan Documents according to the express terms hereof and thereof. No Lender is purchasing any Indebtedness from Agents (or either of them) and this Agreement is not intended to be a purchase or participation agreement (except to the extent of risk participations acquired pursuant to Section 3.6(c) hereof). 12.10 Authority of Agent to Enforce This Agreement. Each Lender, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, any required approval or direction of the Required Lenders or the Lenders, as applicable, to be obtained by or given to the Agent hereunder), authorizes the Agent with full power and authority as attorney-in-fact to institute and maintain actions, suits or proceedings for the collection of the Indebtedness and enforcement of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and to file such proofs of debt or other documents as may be necessary to have the claims of the Lenders allowed in any proceeding relative to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, any of the Permitted Borrowers or its creditors or affecting its properties, and to take such other actions which Agent considers to be necessary or desirable for the protection, collection and enforcement of the Indebtedness, this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, but in each case only to the extent of any required approval or direction of the Required Lenders or the Lenders, as applicable, obtained by or given to the Agent hereunder. 70 12.11 Indemnification. The Lenders agree to indemnify each of the Agents in their respective capacities as such, to the extent not reimbursed by the Company or the Permitted Borrowers, pro rata according to their respective Percentages, from and against any and all claims, liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, actions, judgments, suits, costs, and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses or disbursements of any kind or nature whatsoever which may be imposed on, incurred by, or asserted against the Agents in any way relating to or arising out of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents or any action taken or omitted to be taken or suffered in good faith by the Agents, or either of them, as the case may be, hereunder, provided that no Lender shall be liable to Agent or Syndication Agent, as the case may be, for any portion of any of the foregoing items resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such agent, or any of its officers, employees, directors or agents. 12.12 Knowledge of Default. It is expressly understood and agreed that Agent shall be entitled to assume that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, unless the officers of such agent immediately responsible for matters concerning this Agreement shall have actual (rather than constructive) knowledge of such occurrence or shall have been notified in writing by Company or a Lender that the Company or such Lender considers that a Default or an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, and specifying the nature thereof. Upon obtaining actual knowledge of any Default or Event of Default as described above, the Agent shall promptly, but in any event within three (3) Business Days after obtaining actual knowledge thereof, notify each Lender of such Default or Event of Default and the action, if any, the Agent proposes be taken with respect thereto. 12.13 Agent's Authorization; Action by Lenders. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, whenever the Agent is authorized and empowered hereunder on behalf of the Lenders to give any approval or consent, or to make any request, or to take any other action, on behalf of the Lenders (including without limitation the exercise of any right or remedy hereunder or under the other Loan Documents), the Agent shall be required to give such approval or consent, or to make such request or to take such other action only when so requested in writing by the Required Lenders or the Lenders, as applicable hereunder. Action that may be taken by Required Lenders or all of the Lenders, as the case may be (as provided for hereunder), may be taken (i) pursuant to a vote at a meeting (which may be held by telephone conference call) as to which all of the Lenders have been given reasonable advance notice (subject to the requirement that amendments, waivers or consents under Section 13.11 hereof be made in writing by the Required Lenders or all the Lenders, as applicable), or (ii) pursuant to the written consent of the requisite Percentages of the Lenders as required hereunder, provided that all of the Lenders are given reasonable advance notice of the requests for such consent. 12.14 Enforcement Actions by the Agent. Except as otherwise expressly provided under this Agreement or in any of the other Loan Documents and subject to the terms hereof, Agent will take such action, assert such rights and pursue such remedies under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents as the Required Lenders or all of the Lenders, as the case may be (as provided for hereunder), shall direct. Except as otherwise expressly provided in any of the Loan Documents, Agent will not (and will not be obligated to) take any action, assert any rights or pursue any remedies under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents in violation or contravention 71 of any express direction or instruction of the Required Lenders or all of the Lenders, as the case may be (as provided for hereunder). Agent may refuse (and will not be obligated) to take any action, assert any rights or pursue any remedies under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents in the absence of the express written direction and instruction of the Required Lenders or all of the Lenders, as the case may be (as provided for hereunder). In the event Agent fails, within a commercially reasonable time, to take such action, assert such rights, or pursue such remedies as the Required Lenders or all of the Lenders, as the case may be (as provided for hereunder), shall direct in conformity with this Agreement, the Required Lenders or all of the Lenders, as the case may be (as provided for hereunder), shall have the right to take such action, to assert such rights, or pursue such remedies on behalf of all of the Lenders unless the terms hereof otherwise require the consent of all the Lenders to the taking of such actions (in which event all of the Lenders must join in such action). Except as expressly provided above or elsewhere in this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, no Lender (other than the Agent, acting in its capacity as Agent) shall be entitled to take any enforcement action of any kind under any of the Loan Documents. 12.15 Managers and Lead Managers. Credit Lyonnais New York Branch has been designated by the Company as "Documentation Agent", NationsBanc Montgomery Securities LLC has been designated by the Company as "Syndication Agent" and Barclay's Capital, CoreStates Bank N.A. and Fleet National Bank have been designated by the Company as "Managing Agents" under this Agreement. Other than its rights and remedies as a Lender hereunder, such Documentation Agent, Syndication Agent and each such Managing Agent shall have no administrative, collateral or other rights or responsibilities, provided, however, that each such Documentation Agent, Syndication Agent and each Managing Agent shall be entitled to the benefits afforded to the Agents under Sections 12.5 and 12.6 hereof. 13. MISCELLANEOUS 13.1 Accounting Principles. Where the character or amount of any asset or liability or item of income or expense is required to be determined or any consolidation or other accounting computation is required to be made for the purposes of this Agreement, it shall be done in accordance with GAAP. 13.2 Consent to Jurisdiction. Each of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers hereby irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of any United States Federal or Michigan state court sitting in Detroit in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents and each of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers hereby irrevocably agrees that all claims in respect of such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in any such United States Federal or Michigan state court. Each of the Permitted Borrowers irrevocably appoints the Company as its agent for service of process. Each of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers irrevocably consents to the service of any and all process in any such action or proceeding brought in any court in or of the State of Michigan by the delivery of copies of such process to the Company at its address specified on the signature page hereto or by certified mail directed to such address. Nothing in this Section shall affect the right of the Lenders and the Agent to serve process in any other manner permitted by law or limit the right of the Lenders or the Agent (or any of them) to bring any such action or proceeding against the Company or the 72 Permitted Borrowers or any of its or their property in the courts of any other jurisdiction. Each of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers hereby irrevocably waives any objection to the laying of venue of any such suit or proceeding in the above described courts. 13.3 Law of Michigan. This Agreement has been delivered at Detroit, Michigan, and shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Michigan, except as and to the extent expressed to the contrary in any of the Loan Documents. Whenever possible each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions of this Agreement. 13.4 Interest. In the event the obligation of the Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers to pay interest on the principal balance of the outstanding Advances is or becomes in excess of the maximum interest rate which the Company or any Permitted Borrower is permitted by law to contract or agree to pay, giving due consideration to the execution date of this Agreement, then, in that event, the rate of interest applicable with respect to any Lender's Percentage of the Revolving Credit, as applicable, shall be deemed to be immediately reduced to such maximum rate and all previous payments in excess of the maximum rate shall be deemed to have been payments in reduction of principal and not of interest. 13.5 Closing Costs; Other Costs. Company shall pay or reimburse Agents for their own accounts or on behalf of the Lenders for payment of, on demand (a) all closing costs and expenses, including, by way of description and not limitation, in-house and outside attorney fees and advances, appraisal and accounting fees, title and lien search fees, and required travel costs, incurred by Agents (and either of them) in connection with the commitment, consummation and closing of the loans contemplated hereby, or in connection with any refinancing or restructuring of the loans or advances provided under this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, or any amendment thereof or waiver or consent with respect thereto requested by Company; and (b) all stamp and other taxes and fees payable or determined to be payable (by either of the Agents or any Lender) in connection with the execution, delivery, filing or recording of this Agreement and the Loan Documents and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, and any and all liabilities with respect to or resulting from any delay in paying or omitting to pay such taxes or fees. Furthermore, all reasonable costs and expenses, including without limitation attorney fees, and costs and expenses to Environmental Auditors retained by Agent hereunder, incurred by Agents (and either of them) in revising, preserving, protecting, exercising or enforcing any of its or any of the Lenders' rights against Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers, or otherwise incurred by Agents and by the Lenders (using a single law firm retained by Agent, with the approval of the Required Lenders) in connection with any Event of Default or the enforcement of the loans (whether incurred through negotiations, legal proceedings or otherwise), including by way of description and not limitation, such charges in any court or bankruptcy proceedings or arising out of any claim or action by any person against Agents (and either of them) or any Lender which would not have been asserted were it not for the Agents' or such Lender's relationship with Company and the Permitted Borrowers hereunder or otherwise, shall also be paid by Company and the Permitted Borrowers. All of said 73 amounts required to be paid by Company hereunder and not paid forthwith upon demand, as aforesaid, shall bear interest, from the date incurred to the date payment is received by Agents, as applicable, at the Prime-based Rate, plus three percent (3%). 13.6 Notices. Except as otherwise expressly set forth in this Agreement, all notices and other communications provided to any party hereto under this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall be in writing and shall be given by personal delivery, by mail, by reputable overnight courier, by telex or by facsimile and addressed or delivered to it at its address set forth on the Administrative Detail Forms on file with the Agent or at such other address as may be designated by such party in a notice to the other parties that complies as to delivery with the terms of this Section 13.6. Any notice, if personally delivered or if mailed and properly addressed with postage prepaid and sent by registered or certified mail, shall be deemed given when received or when delivery is refused; any notice, if given to a reputable overnight courier and properly addressed, shall be deemed given two (2) Business Days after the date on which it was sent, unless it is actually received sooner by the named addressee; and any notice, if transmitted by telex or facsimile, shall be deemed given when received (answer back confirmed in the case of telexes and receipt confirmed in the case of telecopies). Agents may, but, except as specifically provided herein, shall not be required to, take any action on the basis of any notice given to it by telephone, but the giver of any such notice shall promptly confirm such notice in writing or by telex or facsimile, and such notice will not be deemed to have been received until such confirmation is deemed received in accordance with the provisions of this Section set forth above. If such telephonic notice conflicts with any such confirmation, the terms of such telephonic notice shall control. 13.7 Further Action. Company and the Permitted Borrowers, from time to time, upon written request of Agents will make, execute, acknowledge and deliver or cause to be made, executed, acknowledged and delivered, all such further and additional instruments, and take all such further action, as may be required to carry out the intent and purpose of this Agreement, and to provide for Advances under this Agreement, according to the intent and purpose herein and therein expressed. 13.8 Successors and Assigns; Assignments and Participations. (a) This Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of Company and the Permitted Borrowers and the Lenders and their respective successors and assigns. (b) The foregoing shall not authorize any assignment by Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers, of its rights or duties hereunder, and no such assignment shall be made (or effective) without the prior written approval of the Lenders. (c) The Company, Permitted Borrowers and Agents acknowledge that each of the Lenders may at any time and from time to time, subject to the terms and conditions hereof (including Section 13.14 hereof), assign or grant participations in such Lender's rights and obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents to any commercial bank, savings and loan association, insurance company, pension fund, mutual fund, commercial finance company or other similar financial institution, the identity of which institution is approved by Company and the 74 Agent, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed; provided, however, that (i) the approval of Company shall not be required upon the occurrence and during the continuance of a Default or Event of Default and (ii) the approval of Company and Agent shall not be required for any such sale, transfer, assignment or participation to the Affiliate of an assigning Lender, any other Lender or any Federal Reserve Bank. The Company and each of Permitted Borrowers authorize each Lender to disclose to any prospective assignee or participant, once approved by Company and Agent, any and all financial information in such Lender's possession concerning the Company and such Permitted Borrower which has been delivered to such Lender pursuant to this Agreement; provided that each such prospective participant shall execute a confidentiality agreement consistent with the terms of Section 13.13 hereof. (d) Each assignment by a Lender of any portion of its rights and/or obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents, other than assignments to such Lender's Affiliates or to a Federal Reserve Bank under Section 13.8(c)(ii) hereof, shall be made pursuant to an Assignment Agreement ("Assignment Agreement") substantially (as determined by Agent), in the form attached hereto as Exhibit E (with appropriate insertions acceptable to Agent) and shall be subject to the terms and conditions hereof, and to the following restrictions: (i) each partial assignment shall be made as an assignment of a part of all of the assigning Lender's rights and obligations hereunder; (ii) each assignment shall be in a minimum amount of the lesser of (x) Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000) and (y) the entire remaining amount of assigning Lender's interest in the Revolving Credit (and participations in any outstanding Letters of Credit); provided however that, after giving effect to such assignment, in no event shall the entire remaining amount (if any) of assigning Lender's interest in the Revolving Credit (and participations in any outstanding Letters of Credit) be less than $5,000,000; (iii) no assignment shall be effective unless Agent has received from the assignee (or from the assigning Lender) an assignment fee of $3,500 for each such assignment. In connection with any assignment subject to this Section 13.8(d), Company, each of the Permitted Borrowers and Agents shall be entitled to continue to deal solely and directly with the assigning Lender in connection with the interest so assigned until the Agent shall have received a notice of assignment duly executed by the assigning Lender and an Assignment Agreement (with respect thereto) duly executed by the assigning Lender and each assignee; and (y) the assigning Lender shall have delivered to the Agent the original of each Note, if any, issued to such Lender, held by the assigning Lender under this Agreement. From and after the date on which the Agents shall notify Company and the Lender which has accepted an assignment subject to this Section 13.8(d) that the foregoing conditions shall have been satisfied and all consents (if any) required shall have been given, the assignee thereunder shall be deemed to be a party to this Agreement. To the extent that rights and obligations hereunder shall have been assigned to such assignee as provided in such 75 notice of assignment (and Assignment Agreement), such assignee shall have the rights and obligations of a Lender under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents (including without limitation the right to receive fees payable hereunder in respect of the period following such assignment). In addition, the assigning Lender, to the extent that rights and obligations hereunder shall have been assigned by it as provided in such notice of assignment (and Assignment Agreement), but not otherwise, shall relinquish its rights and be released from its obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. Schedule 1.1 to this Agreement shall be deemed to be amended to reflect the applicable new Percentages of the Lenders (including the assignee Lender), taking into account such assignment. (e) Each Lender agrees that any participation agreement permitted hereunder shall comply with all applicable laws and shall be subject to the following restrictions (which shall be set forth in the applicable participation agreement): (i) such Lender shall remain the holder of its interest in the Indebtedness hereunder, notwithstanding any such participation; (ii) except as expressly set forth in this Section 13.8(e) with respect to rights of setoff and the benefits of Section 11 hereof, a participant shall have no direct rights or remedies hereunder; (iii) such Lender shall retain the sole right and responsibility to enforce the obligations of the Company and Permitted Borrowers relating to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, including, without limitation, the right to proceed against any Guarantors, or cause Agent to do so (subject to the terms and conditions hereof), and the right to approve any amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement without the consent of the participant, except in the case of participations granted to an Affiliate of such Lender and except for those matters covered by Section 13.11(a) through (e) and (h) hereof (provided that a participant may exercise approval rights over such matters only on an indirect basis, acting through such Lender, and Company, Permitted Borrowers, Agent and the other Lenders may continue to deal directly with such Lender in connection with such Lender's rights and duties hereunder). Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers each agrees that each participant shall be deemed to have the right of setoff under Section 10.4 hereof in respect of its participation interest in amounts owing under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to the same extent as if the Indebtedness were owing directly to it as a Lender under this Agreement, shall be subject to the pro rata recovery provisions of Section 10.3 hereof and shall be entitled to the benefits of Section 11 hereof. The amount, terms and conditions of any participation shall be as set forth in the participation agreement between the issuing Lender and the Person purchasing such participation, and the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, the Agents and the other Lenders shall not have any responsibility or obligation with respect thereto, or to any Person to whom any such participation may be issued. No 76 such participation shall relieve any issuing Lender of any of its obligations under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, and all actions hereunder shall be conducted as if no such participation had been granted. (f) The Agent shall maintain at its principal office a copy of each Assignment Agreement delivered to it and a register (the "Register") for the recordation of the names and addresses of the Lenders, the Percentages of such Lenders and the principal amount of each type of Advance owing to each such Lender from time to time. The entries in the Register shall be conclusive evidence, absent manifest error, and the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, the Agent, and the Lenders may treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Register as the owner of the Advances recorded therein for all purposes of this Agreement. The Register shall be available for inspection by the Company, the Permitted Borrowers or any Lender upon reasonable notice to the Agent and a copy of such information shall be provided to any such party on their prior written request. The Agent shall give prompt written notice to the Company of the making of any entry in the Register or any change in such entry. (g) Nothing in this Agreement, or the other Loan Documents, expressed or implied, is intended to or shall confer on any Person other than the respective parties hereto and thereto and their successors and assignees and participants permitted hereunder and thereunder any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or other claim under this Agreement, or the other Loan Documents. 13.9 Indulgence. No delay or failure of Agents and the Lenders in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder shall affect such right, power or privilege nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof, or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights of Agents and the Lenders hereunder are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies which Agents and the Lenders would otherwise have. 13.10 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, and each executed copy shall constitute an original instrument, but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. 13.11 Amendment and Waiver. No amendment or waiver of any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or consent to any departure by the Company or the Permitted Borrowers therefrom, shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the Required Lenders (or signed by the Agent at the direction of the Required Lenders), and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the specific purpose for which given; provided, however, that no amendment, waiver or consent shall, unless in writing and signed by all the Lenders, do any of the following: (a) increase any Lender's commitments hereunder, (b) reduce the principal of, or interest on, the Advances or any Fees or other amounts payable hereunder, (c) postpone any date fixed for any payment of principal of, or interest on, the outstanding Advances or any Fees or other amounts payable hereunder, (d) waive any Event of Default specified in Section 9.1(a) or (b) hereof, (e) release or defer the granting or perfecting of a lien or security interest in any collateral or release any guaranty or similar undertaking provided by any Person or modify any indemnity provided to the Lenders, hereunder 77 or under the other Loan Documents, except as shall be otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or any other Loan Document, (f) take any action which requires the signing of all Lenders pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, (g) change the aggregate unpaid principal amount of the outstanding Advances which shall be required for the Lenders or any of them to take any action under this Agreement or any other Loan Document, (h) change this Section 13.11, or (i) change the definition of "Required Lenders", "Interest Periods", "Alternative Currencies", "Permitted Borrower" or "Percentage", and provided further, however, that no amendment, waiver or consent hereunder shall, unless in writing and signed by the Agents in addition to all the Lenders, affect the rights or duties of the Agent under this Agreement or any other Loan Document. All references in this Agreement to "Lenders" or "the Lenders" shall refer to all Lenders, unless expressly stated to refer to Required Lenders. 13.12 Taxes and Fees. Should any tax (other than a tax based upon the net income of any Lender or Agents (or either of them) by any jurisdiction where a Lender or Agent is located), recording or filing fee become payable in respect of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents or any amendment, modification or supplement hereof or thereof, the Company and each of the Permitted Borrowers, jointly and severally, agrees to pay the same together with any interest or penalties thereon and agrees to hold the Agent and the Lenders harmless with respect thereto. 13.13 Confidentiality. Each Lender agrees that without the prior consent of Company, it will not disclose (other than to its employees or to employees of any of its Affiliates, to another Lender or to any of their respective auditors or counsel) any information with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Permitted Borrowers which is furnished pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents or which is designated (in writing) by Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers to be confidential; provided that any Lender may disclose any such information (a) as has become generally available to the public or has been lawfully obtained by such Lender from any third party under no duty of confidentiality to the Company or such Permitted Borrower known to such Lender after reasonable inquiry, (b) as may be required or appropriate in any report, statement or testimony submitted to, or in respect of any inquiry by, any municipal, state or federal regulatory body having or claiming to have jurisdiction over such Lender, including the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System of the United States or the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or similar organizations (whether in the United States or elsewhere) or their successors, (c) as may be required or appropriate in respect of any summons or subpoena or in connection with any litigation, (d) in order to comply with any law, order, regulation or ruling applicable to such Lender, and (e) to any permitted transferee or assignee or to any approved participant of, or with respect to, an interest in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, as aforesaid. 13.14 Withholding Taxes. If any Lender is not incorporated under the laws of the United States or a state thereof, such Lender shall promptly (but in any event prior to the initial payment of interest hereunder) deliver to the Agent two executed copies of (i) Internal Revenue Service Form 1001 specifying the applicable tax treaty between the United States and the jurisdiction of such Lender's domicile which provides for the exemption from withholding on interest payments to such Lender, (ii) Internal Revenue Service Form 4224 evidencing that the income to be received by such Lender hereunder is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United 78 States or (iii) other evidence satisfactory to the Agent that such Lender is exempt from United States income tax withholding with respect to such income; provided, however, that such Lender shall not be required to deliver to Agent the aforesaid forms or other evidence with respect to Advances to the Company or any Domestic Subsidiary which subsequently becomes a Permitted Borrower hereunder, if such Lender has assigned its interest in the Revolving Credit (including any outstanding Advances thereunder and participations in Letters of Credit issued hereunder) and any Notes issued to it by the Company, or any Domestic Subsidiary (if any) which subsequently becomes a Permitted Borrower hereunder, to an Affiliate which is incorporated under the laws of the United States or a state thereof, and so notifies the Agent. Such Lender shall amend or supplement any such form or evidence as required to insure that it is accurate, complete and non-misleading at all times. Promptly upon notice from the Agent of any determination by the Internal Revenue Service that any payments previously made to such Lender hereunder were subject to United States income tax withholding when made, such Lender shall pay to the Agent the excess of the aggregate amount required to be withheld from such payments over the aggregate amount actually withheld by the Agent. In addition, from time to time upon the reasonable request and at the sole expense of the Company or the Permitted Borrowers, each Lender and each of the Agents shall (to the extent it is able to do so based upon applicable facts and circumstances), complete and provide the Company or the Permitted Borrowers with such forms, certificates or other documents as may be reasonably necessary to allow the Company or the Permitted Borrowers, as applicable, to make any payment under this Agreement or the other Loan Documents without any withholding for or on the account of any tax under Section 10.1(d) hereof (or with such withholding at a reduced rate), provided that the execution and delivery of such forms, certificates or other documents does not adversely affect or otherwise restrict the right and benefits (including without limitation economic benefits) available to such of the Lender or the Agents, as the case may be, under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, or under or in connection with any transactions not related to the transactions contemplated hereby. 13.15 ERISA Restrictions. To the extent any Advance hereunder is funded by or on behalf of an insurance company, bank, or other Person deemed to hold assets of any employee benefit plan subject to ERISA or other plan as defined in and subject to the prohibited transaction provisions of Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code pursuant to applicable Department of Labor regulations (the "Plan Asset Regulations"), or any such plan acting on its own behalf, such insurance company, bank, entity or plan warrants and represents that at least one of the following statements is an accurate representation as to each source of funds (a "Source") to be used by such insurance company, bank, entity or plan to fund the Advance(s) hereunder: (a) the Source consists of plan assets subject to the discretionary authority or control of an in-house asset manager ("INHAM") as such term is defined in Section IV(a) of Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 96-23 (issued April 10, 1996) ("PTCE 96-23"), and the funding of the Advance(s) hereunder is exempt under the provisions of PTCE 96-23; or (b) the Source is an "insurance company general account" as such term is defined in section V(e) of Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 95-60 (issued July 12, 1995) ("PTCE 95- 60"), and the funding of the Advance(s) hereunder is exempt under the provisions of PTCE 95-60; or 79 (c) the Source is either (x) an insurance company pooled separate account, within the meaning of Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 90-1 (issued January 29, 1990) ("PTCE 90- 1") or (y) a bank collective investment fund, within the meaning of Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 91-38 (issued July 12, 1991) ("PTCE 91-38") and, except as such insurance company or bank has disclosed to the Company in writing pursuant to this paragraph (ii), no plan or group of plans maintained by the same employer or employee organization, beneficially owns more than 10% of all assets allocated to such pooled separate account or collective investment fund; and, in either such case, all records necessary to establish the availability of each exemption by reason thereof will be maintained and made available as required by the terms of such exemption; or (d) the Source is an "investment fund" (within the meaning of Part V of Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 84-14 (issued March 13, 1984) (the "QPAM Exemption")) managed by a "qualified professional asset manager" ("QPAM") within the meaning of Part V of the QPAM exemption) which has been identified pursuant to this paragraph (iii), such that the funding of the Advance(s) by or on behalf of such investment fund is exempt from the application of the prohibited transaction rules of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code, provided that no party to the transactions described in this Agreement and no affiliate (within the meaning of Section V(c)(1) of the QPAM Exemption) of such party has, or at any time during the immediately preceding year exercised, the authority to appoint or terminate the identified QPAM as manager of the assets of any employee benefit plan that has an interest in such investment fund (which plans have been identified pursuant to this paragraph (iii)) or to negotiate the terms of said QPAM's management agreement on behalf of any such identified plan; or (e) the Source is a "governmental plan" as defined in Title 1, Section 3(32) of ERISA; or (f) the Source is one or more "employee benefit plans" (or other plan as defined in and subject to Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code) or a separate account, trust fund, or other entity comprised of one or more such plans (determined after giving effect to the Plan Asset Regulations) each of which has been identified to the Company in writing pursuant to this paragraph (v); or (g) the Source does not include assets of any employee benefit plan or other plan, other than a plan exempt from coverage under ERISA and from the prohibited transactions of Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code. 13.16 Effective Date. This Agreement shall become effective upon the Effective Date, and shall remain effective until the Indebtedness has been repaid and discharged in full and no commitment to extend any credit hereunder remains outstanding. Those Permitted Borrowers not signatories to this Agreement on the Effective Date shall become obligated hereunder (and shall be deemed parties to this Agreement) upon the execution and delivery, according to the terms and conditions set forth in Section 2.1 hereof, of the Permitted Borrower Addendum. 13.17 Severability. In case any one or more of the obligations of the Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers under this Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents shall be invalid, 80 illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining obligations of the Company or such Permitted Borrower shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability in one jurisdiction shall not affect the validity, legality or enforceability of the obligations of the Company or such Permitted Borrower under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents in any other jurisdiction. 13.18 Table of Contents and Headings; Construction of Certain Provisions. The table of contents and the headings of the various subdivisions hereof are for convenience of reference only and shall in no way modify or affect any of the terms or provisions hereof. If any provision of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents refers to any action to be taken by any Person, or which such Person is prohibited from taking, such provision shall be applicable whether such action is taken directly or indirectly by such Person, whether or not expressly specified in such provision. 13.19 Independence of Covenants. Each covenant hereunder shall be given independent effect (subject to any exceptions stated in such covenant) so that if a particular action or condition is not permitted by any such covenant (taking into account any such stated exception), the fact that it would be permitted by an exception to, or would be otherwise within the limitations of, another covenant shall not avoid the occurrence of a Default or an Event of Default if such action is taken or such condition exists. 13.20 Reliance on and Survival of Various Provisions. All terms, covenants, agreements, representations and warranties of the Company or any party to any of the Loan Documents made herein or in any of the other Loan Documents or in any certificate, report, financial statement or other document furnished by or on behalf of the Company, any such party in connection with this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents shall be deemed to have been relied upon by the Lenders, notwithstanding any investigation heretofore or hereafter made by any Lender or on such Lender's behalf, and those covenants and agreements of the Company and the Permitted Borrowers set forth in Section 11.8 hereof (together with any other indemnities of the Company or the Permitted Borrowers contained elsewhere in this Agreement or in any of the other Loan Documents and of Lenders set forth in Sections 12.1, 12.12 and 13.13 hereof shall, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, survive the repayment in full of the Indebtedness and the termination of any commitments to make Advances hereunder. 13.21 Complete Agreement. This Agreement, the Notes, if issued, any Requests for Advance hereunder, the other Loan Documents and any agreements, certificates, or other documents given to secure the Indebtedness, contain the entire agreement of the parties hereto, and none of the parties hereto shall be bound by anything not expressed in writing. [SIGNATURES FOLLOW ON SUCCEEDING PAGES] 81 WITNESS the due execution hereof as of the day and year first above written. COMPANY: AGENT: VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC. COMERICA BANK, As Agent By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb By: /s/ Dan M. Roman -------------------- ---------------- Richard N. Grubb Dan M. Roman Its: Executive Vice President, Its: Vice President Chief Financial Officer and Director One Detroit Center 63 Lincoln Highway 500 Woodward Avenue Malvern, Pennsylvania 19355 Detroit, Michigan 48226 Attention:Corporate Finance Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement BANKS: COMERICA BANK, Individually, as Issuing Bank and as Swing Line Bank By: /s/ Dan M. Roman ---------------- Dan M. Roman Its: Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement CORESTATES BANK, N.A. By: /s/ Randall R. Meck ------------------- Randall R. Meck Its: Assistant Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement NATIONSBANK, N.A. By: /s/ Sharon Ellis ------------------- Sharon Ellis Its: Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement BHF-BANK AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT By: /s/ Hans J. Scholz ---------------- Hans J. Scholz Its: Vice President By: /s/ John Sykes ---------------- John Sykes Its: Assistant Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement BANK HAPOALIM B.M., PHILADELPHIA BRANCH By: /s/ Carl Kopfinger ---------------- Carl Kopfinger Its: Vice President By: /s/ F.J. McEntee ------------------ F.J. McEntee Its: Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement BANK LEUMI le-ISRAEL, B.M. By: /s/ Y. Apelker ---------------- Y. Apelker Its: By: /s/ Mira Fink ---------------- Mira Fink Its: Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement PNC BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION By: /s/ Daniel K. Fitzpatrick ------------------------- Daniel K. Fitzpatrick Its: Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement THE BANK OF TOKYO-MITSUBISHI, LTD. NEW YORK BRANCH By: /s/ Christopher P. Wilkens -------------------------- Christopher P. Wilkens Its: Atttorney-In-Fact Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement SOCIETE GENERALE, NEW YORK BRANCH By: /s/ Michelle Martin ---------------- Michelle Martin Its: Assistant Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement FLEET NATIONAL BANK By: /s/ Mike Barclay ---------------- Mike Barclay Its: Assistant Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement BARCLAYS BANK PLC By: /s/ John Biestman ---------------- John Biestman Its: Director Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement ABN AMRO BANK NV By: /s/ Brian Horgan ---------------- Brian Horgan Its: Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement BANK OF AMERICA NATIONAL TRUST AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION By: /s/ Michael McCutchin ----------------------- Michael McCutchin Its: Managing Director Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement THE BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA By: /s/ J. Alan Edwards -------------------- J. Alan Edwards Its: Authorized Signatory Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO By: /s/ Amy L. Robbins ------------------ Amy L. Robbins Its: Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement WESTDEUTSCHE LANDESBANK GIROZENTRALE, NEW YORK BRANCH By: /s/ Alan S. Bookspan --------------------- Alan S. Bookspan Its: Vice President By: /s/ Thomas Lee ---------------- Thomas Lee Its: Associate Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement BANK AUSTRIA AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT By: /s/ Joseph A. Steiner ---------------- Joseph A. Steiner Its: Senior Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement THE BANK OF NEW YORK By: /s/ Walter C. Parelli --------------------- Walter C. Parelli Its: Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement BANQUE NATIONALE DE PARIS By: /s/ Richard L. Sted ---------------- Richard L. Sted Its: Senior Vice President By: /s/ Thomas George ---------------- Thomas George Its: Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement CREDIT AGRICOLE INDOSUEZ By: /s/ Craig Welch ---------------- Craig Welch Its: First Vice President By: /s/ Cheryl Solometo ------------------- Cheryl Solometo Its: Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement KEYBANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION By: /s/ Karen A. Lee ----------------- Karen A. Lee Its: Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement MELLON BANK, N.A. By: /s/ Clifford Mull ------------------ Clifford Mull Its: Assistant Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement WACHOVIA BANK, N.A. By: /s/ Adam T. Ogburn ------------------ Adam T. Ogburn Its: Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement KREDIETBANK N.V. By: /s/ John E. Thierfelder ----------------------- John E. Thierfelder Its: Vice President By: /s/ Robert Snauffer ----------------------- Robert Snauffer Its: Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement NATEXIS BANQUE By: /s/ Pieter J. Van Tulder ---------------- Pieter J. Van Tulder Its: Vice President By: /s/ John Rigo ---------------- John Rigo Its: Assistant Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement ISTITUTO BANCARIO SAN PAOLO DI TORINO, S.p.A. By: /s/ Luca Saachi ---------------- Luca Saachi Its: Assistant Vice President By: /s/ Carlo Persico ---------------- Carlo Persico Its: DGM Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement CREDIT LYONNAIS By: /s/ Scott R. Chappelka ---------------------- Scott R. Chappelka Its: Vice President Signature Page For Short Term Credit Agreement SCHEDULE 1.1 Percentages (Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement) Lender Percentage Allocations Comerica Bank 6.82% $18,750,000.00 Nations Bank 6.82% $18,750,000.00 Credit Lyonnais 5.91% $16,250,000.00 Barclays Capital 5.45% $15,000,000.00 CoreStates 5.45% $15,000,000.00 Fleet Bank 5.45% $15,000,000.00 ABN-AMRO 4.55% $12,500,000.00 BHF Bank 4.55% $12,500,000.00 Bank Hapoalim 4.55% $12,500,000.00 Bank Leumi 4.55% $12,500,000.00 Bank of America 4.55% $12,500,000.00 Bank of Nova Scotia 4.55% $12,500,000.00 FNBC 4.55% $12,500,000.00 West LB 4.55% $12,500,000.00 PNC Bank 3.18% $8,750,000.00 Bank Austria 2.27% $6,250,000.00 Bank of New York 2.27% $6,250,000.00 Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi 2.27% $6,250,000.00 Banque Nationale de Paris 2.27% $6,250,000.00 Credit Agricole Indosuez 2.27% $6,250,000.00 KeyBank National 2.27% $6,250,000.00 Association Mellon Bank 2.27% $6,250,000.00 Societe Generale 2.27% $6,250,000.00 Wachovia Bank 2.27% $6,250,000.00 Kredietbank 1.36% $3,750,000.00 Natexis Banque BFCE 1.36% $3,750,000.00 San Paolo Bank 1.36% $3,750,000.00 SCHEDULE 4.1 PRICING MATRIX Applicable Margin Grid Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. $275,000,000 Short Term Revolving Credit Facility
Basis for Pricing LEVEL I LEVEL II LEVEL III LEVEL IV Leverage Ratio <2.0:1.0 >2.0:1.0 >2.5:1.0 >3.0:1.0 but but <2.5:1.0 <3.0:1.0 Revolving Credit Facility Fee 0.125% 0.175% 0.20% 0.25% Eurocurrency-based Margin 0.425% 0.475% 0.625% 0.875% Prime-based Rate Margin 0 0 0 0
From the Effective Date until the required date of delivery under Section 7.3(c) of the Company's financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 1998, the margins and fee percentages shall be those set forth under the Level III column, unless the Leverage Ratio, as determined in financial statements delivered prior to such date, is greater than or equal to 3:1, in which event the margins and fee percentages shall be those set forth under Level IV. SCHEDULE 13.6 See Administrative Detail Forms addressed to Agent. EX-10.3 5 COMPANY GUARANTY (LONG TERM) EXECUTION COPY 03/02/98 EXHIBIT G-1 COMPANY GUARANTY (LONG TERM) This COMPANY GUARANTY is made as of this 2nd day of March, 1998 by Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Guarantor") to Comerica Bank, as Administrative Agent ("Agent") for and on behalf of the Lenders (as defined below). RECITALS A. Pursuant to that certain Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of March 2, 1998 (as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Credit Agreement") by and among the Guarantor, the Permitted Borrowers designated therein (by their execution and delivery of such Credit Agreement or a Permitted Borrower Addendum, as the case may be), Agent and the lenders which are named in and signatories to the Credit Agreement ("Lenders"), the Lenders have agreed to extend credit to the Permitted Borrowers and Company on the terms set forth in the Credit Agreement, with such credit consisting of (i) the Revolving Credit in an aggregate amount, subject to the terms of the Credit Agreement, not to exceed Eight Hundred Twenty Five Million Dollars ($825,000,000) at any one time outstanding, (ii) as part of the Revolving Credit, a facility for the issuance of letter(s) of credit ("Letter(s) of Credit") for the account of the Guarantor and/or a Permitted Borrower pursuant to Section 3 of the Credit Agreement, and (iii) as part of the Revolving Credit, a Swing Line Facility pursuant to Section 2.5 of the Credit Agreement. B. As a condition to entering into and performing their respective obligations under the Credit Agreement, the Lenders, and Agent have required that Guarantor provide to Agent, for and on behalf of the Lenders, this Guaranty. C. Guarantor desires to see the success of the Permitted Borrowers and furthermore, Guarantor shall receive direct and/or indirect benefits from extensions of credit made or to be made pursuant to the Credit Agreement to Permitted Borrowers. D. Agent is acting as Agent for the Lenders pursuant to Section 12 of the Credit Agreement. NOW, THEREFORE, to induce each of the Lenders (as defined in the Credit Agreement) to enter into and perform its obligations under the Credit Agreement the Guarantor has executed and delivered this guaranty (as amended and otherwise modified from time to time "Guaranty"). 1 1. Definitions. Unless otherwise provided herein, all capitalized terms in this Guaranty shall have the meanings specified in the Credit Agreement. The term "Lenders" as used herein shall include any successors or assigns of the Lenders, in accordance with the Credit Agreement. 2. Guaranty. The Guarantor hereby guarantees to the Lenders the due and punctual payment to the Lenders when due, whether by acceleration or otherwise, of all amounts, including, without limitation, principal, interest (including interest accruing on or after the filing of any petition in bankruptcy, or the commencement of any insolvency, reorganization or like proceeding by or against any of the Permitted Borrowers, whether or not a claim for post-filing or post-petition interest is allowed in such a proceeding), and all other liabilities and obligations, direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter incurred, which may arise under, out of, or in connection with all Indebtedness of any of the Permitted Borrowers under or in connection with the Credit Agreement or the Loan Documents, whether such Indebtedness is now existing or hereafter arising including, but not limited to: (a) the aggregate principal amount of all outstanding Advances under the Credit Agreement, from time to time pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement; (b) any and all Letter of Credit Agreements executed or to be executed by any of the Permitted Borrowers, and any of them, from time to time pursuant to the Credit Agreement, and any Letters of Credit issued or to be issued thereunder; and (c) all extensions, renewals and amendments of or to the Credit Agreement, any Notes issued thereunder, or such other Indebtedness, or any replacements or substitutions therefor; whether on account of principal, interest, reimbursement obligations, fees, indemnities, and reasonable costs and expenses (including without limitation, all reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to the Agent or any Lender) or otherwise, and hereby agrees that if any of the Permitted Borrowers shall fail to pay any of such amounts when and as the same shall be due and payable, or shall fail to perform and discharge any covenant, representation or warranty in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents (subject, in each case to any applicable periods of grace or cure), the Guarantor will forthwith pay to the Agent, on behalf of the Lenders, an amount equal to any such amount and will pay any and all damages that may be incurred or suffered in consequence thereof by Agent or any of the Lenders and all reasonable expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, that may be incurred by Agent in enforcing such covenant, representation or warranty of any of the Permitted Borrowers, and in enforcing the covenants and agreements of this Guaranty. 3. Unconditional Character of Guaranty. The obligations of Guarantor under this Guaranty shall be absolute and unconditional, and shall be a guaranty of payment and not of collection, irrespective of the validity, regularity or enforceability of the Credit Agreement, the Letter of Credit Agreements, the Letters of Credit or any of the other Loan Documents (including, without limitation, the Domestic Guaranty, the Foreign Guaranty) or any provision thereof, the 2 absence of any action to enforce the same, any waiver or consent with respect to or any amendment of any provision thereof, the recovery of any judgment against any Person or action to enforce the same, any failure or delay in the enforcement of the obligations of the Permitted Borrowers under the Credit Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents, any failure by Guarantor to have countersigned any Request for Advance by any of the Permitted Borrowers under the Credit Agreement, or any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, limitation, defense or termination, whether with or without notice to the Guarantor. Guarantor hereby waives diligence, demand for payment, filing of claims with any court, any proceeding to enforce any provision of the Credit Agreement, the Letter of Credit Agreements, the Letters of Credit, or any of the other Loan Documents, any right to require a proceeding first against any of the Permitted Borrowers, or against any other guarantor or other party providing collateral, or to exhaust any security for the performance of the obligations of any of the Permitted Borrowers, any protest, presentment, notice or demand whatsoever, and Guarantor hereby covenants that this Guaranty shall not be terminated, discharged or released except, subject to Section 4.7 hereof, upon final payment in full subject to no revocation or rescission of all amounts due and to become due from the Permitted Borrowers as and to the extent described above, and only to the extent of any such payment, performance and discharge. Guarantor further covenants that no security now or subsequently held by the Agent or the Lenders for the payment of the Indebtedness evidenced by the Register and the accounts maintained by each Lender pursuant to the Credit Agreement, or for the payment of any other Indebtedness of the Permitted Borrowers to the Agent or the Lenders under the Credit Agreement, the Letter of Credit Agreements, the Letters of Credit or the other Loan Documents, whether in the nature of a security interest, pledge, lien, assignment, setoff, suretyship, guaranty, indemnity, insurance or otherwise, and no act, omission or other conduct of Agent or the Lenders in respect of such security, shall affect in any manner whatsoever the unconditional obligation of this Guaranty, and that the Agent and each of the Lenders, in their respective sole discretion and without notice to Guarantor, may release, exchange, enforce, apply the proceeds of and otherwise deal with any such security without affecting in any manner the unconditional obligation of this Guaranty. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, such obligations, and the rights of the Agent to enforce the same, on behalf of the Lenders, by proceedings, whether by action at law, suit in equity or otherwise, shall not be in any way affected, to the extent permitted by applicable law, by (i) any insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization, readjustment, composition, dissolution, winding up or other proceeding involving or affecting any or all of the Permitted Borrowers, or others or (ii) any change in the ownership of any of the capital stock of any or all of the Permitted Borrowers, or any other party providing collateral for any indebtedness covered by this Guaranty, or any of their respective Affiliates. Guarantor hereby waives to the full extent possible under applicable law: (a) any defense based upon the doctrine of marshalling of assets or upon an election of remedies by Agent or the Lenders, including, without limitation, an election to proceed by non-judicial rather than judicial foreclosure, which destroys or otherwise impairs the subrogation rights of the Guarantor or the right of the Guarantor to proceed against the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, for reimbursement, or both; 3 (b) any defense based upon any statute or rule of law which provides that the obligation of a surety must be neither larger in amount nor in other respects more burdensome than that of the principal; (c) any duty on the part of Agent or the Lenders to disclose to the Guarantor any facts Agent or the Lenders may now or hereafter know about any of the Permitted Borrowers, regardless of whether Agent or any Lender has reason to believe that any such facts materially increase the risk beyond that which the Guarantor intends to assume or has reason to believe that such facts are unknown to the Guarantor or has a reasonable opportunity to communicate such facts to the Guarantor, since the Guarantor acknowledges that it is fully responsible for being and keeping informed of the financial condition of each of the Permitted Borrowers and of all circumstances bearing on the risk of non-payment of any Indebtedness (defined as applicable) hereby guaranteed; (d) any defense arising because of Agent's or the Lenders' election, in any proceeding instituted under the Federal Bankruptcy Code, of the application of Section 1111(b)(2) of the Federal Bankruptcy Code; (e) until the Indebtedness is irrevocably paid in full, any claim for reimbursement, contribution, indemnity or subrogation which such Guarantor may have or obtain against the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them by reason of the payment by Guarantor of any Indebtedness; and (f) any other event or action (excluding Guarantor's compliance with the provisions hereof) that would result in the discharge by operation of law or otherwise of the Guarantor from the performance or observance of any obligation, covenant or agreement contained in this Guaranty. The Agent and each of the Lenders may deal with the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, and any security held by them for the obligations of the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, (as aforesaid) in the same manner and as freely as if this Guaranty did not exist and the Agent shall be entitled, on behalf of Lenders, without notice to Guarantor, among other things, to grant to the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, such extension or extensions of time to perform any act or acts as may seem advisable to the Agent (on behalf of the Lenders) at any time and from time to time, and to permit the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, to incur additional indebtedness to Agent, the Lenders, or any of them, without terminating, affecting or impairing the validity or enforceability of this Guaranty or the obligations of Guarantor hereunder. The Agent may proceed, either in its own name (on behalf of the Lenders) or in the name of the Guarantor, or otherwise, to protect and enforce any or all of its rights under this Guaranty by suit in equity, action at law or by other appropriate proceedings, or to take any action authorized or permitted under applicable law, and shall be entitled to require and enforce the performance of all acts and things required to be performed hereunder by the Guarantor. Each and every remedy of the Agent and of the Lenders shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and shall be in addition to any other remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity. 4 No waiver or release shall be deemed to have been made by the Agent or any of the Lenders of any of their respective rights hereunder unless the same shall be in writing and signed by or on behalf of the Lenders, and any such waiver shall be a waiver or release only with respect to the specific matter involved and shall in no way impair the rights of the Agent or any of the Lenders or the obligations of Guarantor under this Guaranty in any other respect at any other time. At the option of the Agent, Guarantor may be joined in any action or proceeding commenced by the Agent against the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, or any of the other parties providing Collateral for any indebtedness covered by this Guaranty in connection with or based upon the Credit Agreement, Letter of Credit Agreements, the Letters of Credit or any of the other Loan Documents or other Indebtedness (defined as applicable, as aforesaid), or any provision thereof, and recovery may be had against Guarantor in such action or proceeding or in any independent action or proceeding against Guarantor, without any requirement that the Agent or the Lenders first assert, prosecute or exhaust any remedy or claim against the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, and/or any of the other parties providing Collateral for any Indebtedness covered by this Guaranty. 4. Miscellaneous. 4.1 Governing Law. This Guaranty has been delivered in Michigan and shall be interpreted and the rights of the parties hereunder shall be determined under the laws of, and be enforceable in, the State of Michigan, Guarantor hereby consenting to the jurisdiction of state and all federal courts sitting in such state. 4.2 Severability. If any term or provision of this Guaranty or the application thereof to any circumstance shall, to any extent, be invalid or unenforceable, the remainder of this Guaranty, or the application of such term or provision to circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each term and provision of this Guaranty shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law. 4.3 Notice. All notices and other communications to be made or given pursuant to this Guaranty shall be sufficient if made or given as provided in Section 13.6 of the Credit Agreement, or at such other addresses as directed by any of such parties to the others, as applicable, in compliance with such paragraph. 4.4 Right of Offset. Guarantor acknowledges the rights of the Agent and of each of the Lenders to offset against the Indebtedness of Guarantor to the Lenders under this Guaranty, any amount owing by the Agent or the Lenders, or either or any of them to the Guarantor, whether represented by any deposit of Guarantor with the Agent or any of the Lenders or otherwise. 4.5 Right to Cure. Guarantor shall have the right to cure any Event of Default under the Credit Agreement or the other Loan Documents (with respect to the obligations of any of the Permitted Borrowers thereunder); provided that such cure is effected within the applicable grace period or period for cure, if any; and provided further that such cure can be effected in compliance with the Credit Agreement and other Loan Documents (with respect to the obligations of such 5 Permitted Borrower). Except to the extent of payments of principal and/or interest on any outstanding Advances under the Credit Agreement made by the Permitted Borrowers, actually received by the Agent (or the Lenders) pursuant to such cure, the exercise of such right to cure by Guarantor shall not reduce or otherwise affect the liability of Guarantor under this Guaranty. 4.6 Amendments. The terms of this Guaranty may not be waived, altered, modified, amended, supplemented or terminated in any manner whatsoever except as provided herein and in accordance with the Credit Agreement. 4.7 Release. Upon the satisfaction by Guarantor of its obligations hereunder and its direct obligations under the Credit Agreement and the Notes executed pursuant thereto if any, and when Guarantor is no longer subject to any obligation hereunder or thereunder, the Agent shall deliver to Guarantor, upon written request therefor, (i) a written release of this Guaranty and (ii) appropriate discharges of any Collateral provided by Guarantor for this Guaranty; provided however that, the effectiveness of this Guaranty shall continue or be reinstated, as the case may be, in the event: (x) that any payment received or credit given by the Agent or the Lenders, or any of them, is returned, disgorged, rescinded or required to be recontributed to any party as an avoidable preference, impermissible setoff, fraudulent conveyance, restoration of capital or otherwise under any applicable state, federal or national law of any jurisdiction, including laws pertaining to bankruptcy or insolvency, and this Guaranty shall thereafter be enforceable against Guarantor as if such returned, disgorged, recontributed or rescinded payment or credit has not been received or given by the Agent or the Lenders, and whether or not the Agent or any Lender relied upon such payment or credit or changed its position as a consequence thereof or (y) that any liability is imposed, or sought to be imposed against the Agent or the Lenders, or any of them, relating to the environmental condition of any property mortgaged or pledged to Agent on behalf of the Lenders by Guarantor, any Permitted Borrower or any other party as collateral (in whole or part) for any indebtedness or obligation evidenced or secured by this Guaranty, whether such condition is known or unknown, now exists or subsequently arises (excluding only conditions which arise after acquisition by Agent or any Lender of any such property, in lieu of foreclosure or otherwise, due to the wrongful act or omission of Agent or such Lender) in which event this Guaranty shall thereafter be enforceable against Guarantor to the extent of all liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys fees) incurred by Agent or Lenders as the direct or indirect result of any such environmental condition. For purposes of this Guaranty "environmental condition" includes, without limitation, conditions existing with respect to the surface or ground water, drinking water supply, land surface or subsurface strata and the ambient air. 4.8 Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury Trial. This Guaranty is subject to the waiver of jury trial contained in Section 9.4 of the Credit Agreement and the Consent to Jurisdiction contained in Section 13.2 of the Credit Agreement. 4.9 Currency Indemnity. All amounts payable by Guarantor under this Guaranty shall be paid to Agent at its main office in Detroit, Michigan, or otherwise as it may from time to time direct, in full, free of any present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees or withholdings and without set-off or counterclaim or any restriction or deduction whatsoever. If 6 Guarantor is compelled by law to make any deduction or withholding, it will promptly pay to Agent such additional amounts as will result in the net amount received by Agent being equal to the full amount which would have been receivable had there been no deduction or withholding. Payment shall be in the Permitted Currency in which the monies, obligations or liabilities of Guarantor or the Permitted Borrower were due, owing or incurred, including without limitation under Section 2.11 of the Credit Agreement. No payment to Agent (whether under any judgment or court order or otherwise) shall discharge the obligation or liability in respect of which it was made unless and until Agent shall have received payment in full in the currency in which such obligation or liability was due, owing or incurred, including without limitation under Section 2.11 of the Credit Agreement, and to the extent that the amount of such payment shall on actual conversion into such currency fall short of such obligation or liability, actual or contingent, expressed in that currency, Agent shall have a further separate cause of action against Guarantor to recover the amount of the shortfall. If and to the extent Guarantor fails to pay the amount due on demand, Agent may in its absolute discretion without notice to Guarantor purchase at any time thereafter so much of any currency as Agent considers necessary or desirable to cover the obligations and liabilities of the Permitted Borrowers, Guarantor and any of them in such currency hereby guaranteed at the then prevailing spot rate of exchange of Agent (as conclusively determined by Agent) for purchasing such currency with Dollars and Guarantor hereby agrees to indemnify Agent against the full Dollar cost incurred by Agent for such purchase. [SIGNATURES FOLLOW ON SUCCEEDING PAGE] 7 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned Guarantor has executed this Guaranty as of March 2, 1998. VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC. By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Executive Vice President ACCEPTED BY: COMERICA BANK, as Agent, on behalf of the Banks By: /s/ Dan M. Roman ---------------- Dan M. Roman Its: Vice President Signature Page Company Guaranty (Long Term Credit Agreement) EX-10.4 6 DOMESTIC GUARANTY (LONG TERM) EXECUTION COPY 03/02/98 EXHIBIT G-2 DOMESTIC GUARANTY (LONG TERM) This GUARANTY is made as of this 2nd day of March, 1998 by the undersigned guarantors (each a "Guarantor" and any and all collectively the "Guarantors") to Comerica Bank, as Administrative Agent ("Agent") for and on behalf of the Lenders (as defined below). RECITALS A. Pursuant to that certain Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of March 2, 1998 (as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Credit Agreement") by and among Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Company"), the Permitted Borrowers designated therein (by their execution and delivery of the Credit Agreement or of a Permitted Borrower Addendum), Agent and the lenders which are named in and signatories to the Credit Agreement ("Lenders"), the Lenders have agreed to extend credit to the Permitted Borrowers and Company on the terms set forth in the Credit Agreement, with such credit consisting of (i) the Revolving Credit in an aggregate amount, subject to the terms of the Credit Agreement, not to exceed Eight Hundred Twenty Five Million Dollars ($825,000,000) at any one time outstanding, (ii) as part of the Revolving Credit, a facility for the issuance of letter(s) of credit ("Letter(s) of Credit") for the account of the Company and/or a Permitted Borrower pursuant to Section 3 of the Agreement and (iii) as part of the Revolving Credit, a Swing Line facility pursuant to Section 2.5 of the Credit Agreement. B. As a condition to entering into and performing their respective obligations under the Agreement, the Lenders, and Agent have required that each of the Guarantors provide to Agent, for and on behalf of the Lenders, this Guaranty. C. Each of the Guarantors desires to see the success of Company and of the Permitted Borrowers and furthermore, each of the Guarantors shall receive direct and/or indirect benefits from extensions of credit made or to be made pursuant to the Credit Agreement to the Company and the Permitted Borrowers. D. Agent is acting as Agent for the Lenders pursuant to Section 12 of the Credit Agreement. 1 NOW, THEREFORE, to induce each of the Lenders to enter into and perform its obligations under the Credit Agreement, each of the Guarantors has executed and delivered this guaranty (as amended and otherwise modified from time to time, "Guaranty"). 1. Definitions. Unless otherwise provided herein, all capitalized terms in this Guaranty shall have the meanings specified in the Credit Agreement. The term "Lenders" as used herein shall include any successors or assigns of the Lenders, in accordance with the Credit Agreement. 2. Guaranty. Each of the Guarantors hereby, jointly and severally, guarantees to the Lenders the due and punctual payment to the Lenders when due, whether by acceleration or otherwise, of all amounts, including , without limitation, principal, interest (including interest accruing on or after the filing of any petition in bankruptcy, or the commencement of any insolvency, reorganization or like proceeding by or against Company or any Permitted Borrower, whether or not a claim for post-filing or post-petition interest is allowed in such a proceeding), and all other liabilities and obligations, direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter incurred, which may arise under, out of, or in connection with all Indebtedness under or in connection with the Credit Agreement or the other Loan Documents, whether such Indebtedness is now existing or hereafter arising including but not limited to: (a) the aggregate principal amount of all outstanding Advances under the Credit Agreement together with all interest accrued thereon from time to time pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement; (b) any and all Letter of Credit Agreements executed or to be executed by Company or the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, from time to time pursuant to the Agreement, and any Letters of Credit issued or to be issued thereunder; and (c) all extensions, renewals and amendments of or to the Credit Agreement, any Notes issued thereunder, or such other Indebtedness, or any replacements or substitutions therefor; whether on account of principal, interest, reimbursement obligations, fees, indemnities, and reasonable costs and expenses (including without limitation, all reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to the Agent or any Lender) or otherwise, and each of the Guarantors hereby jointly and severally agrees that if Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers shall fail to pay any of such amounts when and as the same shall be due and payable, or shall fail to perform and discharge any covenant, representation or warranty in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement, the Letter of Credit Agreements or any of the other Loan Documents (subject, in each case, to any applicable periods of grace or cure), each of such Guarantors, will forthwith pay to the Agent, on behalf of the Lenders, an amount equal to any such amount or cause the Company and/or each of the Permitted Borrowers, as the case may be to do so, and will pay any and all damages that may 2 be incurred or suffered in consequence thereof by Agent or any of the Lenders and all reasonable expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, that may be incurred by Agent in enforcing such covenant, representation or warranty of Company or the Permitted Borrowers, and in enforcing the covenants and agreements of this Guaranty. 3. Unconditional Character of Guaranty. The obligations of each of the Guarantors under this Guaranty shall be absolute and unconditional, and shall be a guaranty of payment and not of collection, irrespective of the validity, regularity or enforceability of the Credit Agreement, the Letter of Credit Agreements, the Letters of Credit, or any of the other Loan Documents (including, without limitation, the Company Guaranty and the Foreign Guaranty), or any provision thereof, the absence of any action to enforce the same, any waiver or consent with respect to or any amendment of any provision thereof, the recovery of any judgment against any Person or action to enforce the same, any failure or delay in the enforcement of the obligations of Company or the Permitted Borrowers or any of them under the Credit Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents, any failure by Company to have countersigned any Request for Advance by any of the Permitted Borrowers under the Credit Agreement, or any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, limitation, defense or termination whether with or without notice to the Guarantors. Each of the Guarantors hereby waives diligence, demand for payment, filing of claims with any court, any proceeding to enforce any provision of the Credit Agreement, the Letter of Credit Agreements, the Letters of Credit or any of the other Loan Documents, any right to require a proceeding first against Company, any of the Permitted Borrowers, or against any other guarantor or other party providing collateral, or to exhaust any security for the performance of the obligations of Company, any of the Permitted Borrowers, any protest, presentment, notice or demand whatsoever, and each Guarantor hereby covenants that this Guaranty shall not be terminated, discharged or released except, subject to Section 5.7 hereof, upon final payment in full subject to no revocation or rescission of all amounts due and to become due from Company and the Permitted Borrowers as and to the extent described above, and only to the extent of any such payment, performance and discharge. Each Guarantor hereby further covenants that no security now or subsequently held by the Agent or the Lenders for the payment of the Indebtedness to the Agent or to the Lenders under the Credit Agreement, the Letter of Credit Agreements, the Letters of Credit or the Loan Documents (including, without limitation, the Company Guaranty and the Foreign Guaranty, and any security for any of the foregoing), whether in the nature of a security interest, pledge, lien, assignment, setoff, suretyship, guaranty, indemnity, insurance or otherwise, and no act, omission or other conduct of Agent or the Lenders in respect of such security, shall affect in any manner whatsoever the unconditional obligations of this Guaranty, and that the Agent and each of the Lenders, in their respective sole discretion and without notice to any of the Guarantors, may release, exchange, enforce, apply the proceeds of and otherwise deal with any such security without affecting in any manner the unconditional obligations of this Guaranty. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, such obligations, and the rights of the Agent to enforce the same, on behalf of the Lenders, by proceedings, whether by action at law, suit in 3 equity or otherwise, shall not be in any way affected to the extent permitted by applicable law, by (i) any insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization, readjustment, composition, dissolution, winding up or other proceeding involving or affecting the Company, any or all of the Permitted Borrowers, any or all of the Guarantors or any other person or (ii) any change in the ownership of any of the capital stock of any or all of the Permitted Borrowers, Company, or any or all of the Guarantors, or any other party providing collateral for any indebtedness covered by the Guaranty, or any of their respective Affiliates. Each of the Guarantors hereby waives to the fullest extent possible under applicable law: (a) any defense based upon the doctrine of marshalling of assets or upon an election of remedies by Agent or the Lenders, including, without limitation, an election to proceed by non-judicial rather than judicial foreclosure, which destroys or otherwise impairs the subrogation rights of any of the Guarantors or the rights of any of the Guarantors to proceed against the Company, the Permitted Borrowers or any of them, or any or all of the other Guarantors, for reimbursement, or both; (b) any defense based upon any statute or rule of law which provides that the obligation of a surety must be neither larger in amount nor in other respects more burdensome than that of the principal; (c) any duty on the part of Agent or the Lenders to disclose to any of the Guarantors any facts Agent or the Lenders may now or hereafter know about the Company, any of the Permitted Borrowers, regardless of whether Agent or any Lender has reason to believe that any such facts materially increase the risk beyond that which any such Guarantor intends to assume or has reason to believe that such facts are unknown to such Guarantor or has a reasonable opportunity to communicate such facts to the Guarantors, since each of such Guarantors acknowledges that it is fully responsible for being and keeping informed of the financial condition of the Company, each of the Permitted Borrowers and of all circumstances bearing on the risk of non-payment of any Indebtedness hereby guaranteed; (d) any defense arising because of Agent's or the Lenders' election, in any proceeding instituted under the Federal Bankruptcy Code, of the application of Section 1111(b) (2) of the Federal Bankruptcy Code; (e) until the Indebtedness is irrevocably paid in full, any claim for reimbursement, contribution, indemnity or subrogation which such Guarantor may have or obtain against Company, the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them by reason of the payment by such Guarantor of any Indebtedness; and 4 (f) any other event or action (excluding compliance by the Guarantors with the provisions hereof) that would result in the discharge by operation of law or otherwise of the Guarantors, or any of them, from the performance or observance of any obligation, covenant or agreement contained in this Guaranty. The Agent and each of the Lenders may deal with the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, and any security held by them for the obligations of the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them,(as aforesaid) in the same manner and as freely as if this Guaranty did not exist and the Agent shall be entitled, on behalf of Lenders, without notice to any of the Guarantors, among other things, to grant to the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, such extension or extensions of time to perform any act or acts as may seem advisable to the Agent (on behalf of the Lenders) at any time and from time to time, and to permit the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, to incur additional indebtedness to Agent, the Lenders, or any of them, without terminating, affecting or impairing the validity or enforceability of this Guaranty or the obligations of the Guarantors hereunder. The Agent may proceed, either in its own name (on behalf of the Lenders) or in the name of each or any of the Guarantors, or otherwise, to protect and enforce any or all of its rights under this Guaranty by suit in equity, action at law or by other appropriate proceedings, or to take any action authorized or permitted under applicable law, and shall be entitled to require and enforce the performance of all acts and things required to be performed hereunder by the Guarantors. Each and every remedy of the Agent and of the Lenders shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and shall be in addition to any other remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity. No waiver or release shall be deemed to have been made by the Agent or any of the Lenders of any of their respective rights hereunder unless the same shall be in writing and signed by or on behalf of the Lenders, and any such waiver shall be a waiver or release only with respect to the specific matter and Guarantor or Guarantors involved, and shall in no way impair the rights of the Agent or any of the Lenders or the obligations of the Guarantors under this Guaranty in any other respect at any other time. At the option of the Agent, any or all of the Guarantors may be joined in any action or proceeding commenced by the Agent against the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, or any of the other parties providing Collateral for any Indebtedness covered by this Guaranty in connection with or based upon the Credit Agreement, the Letter of Credit Agreements, the Letters of Credit or any of the other Loan Documents or other Indebtedness, or any provision thereof, and recovery may be had against any or all of the Guarantors in such action or proceeding or in any independent action or proceeding against any of them, without any requirement that the Agent or the Lenders first assert, prosecute or exhaust any remedy or claim against the Company, the 5 Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, and/or any of the other parties providing Collateral for any Indebtedness covered by this Guaranty. 4. Representations and Warranties. Each Guarantor (i) ratifies, confirms and, by reference thereto (as fully as though such matters were expressly set forth herein), represents and warrants with respect to itself those matters set forth in Sections 6.1, 6.3 through 6.10 inclusive, 6.12 and 6.14 through 6.20, inclusive, of the Credit Agreement, and such representations and warranties shall be deemed to be continuing representations and warranties true and correct in all material respects so long as this Guaranty shall be in effect; and (ii) agrees not to engage in any action or inaction, the result of which would cause a violation of any term or condition of the Credit Agreement. 5. Miscellaneous. 5.1 Governing Law. This Guaranty has been delivered in Michigan and shall be interpreted and the rights of the parties hereunder shall be determined under the laws of, and be enforceable in, the State of Michigan, each Guarantor hereby consenting to the jurisdiction of state and all federal courts sitting in such state. 5.2 Severability. If any term or provision of this Guaranty or the application thereof to any circumstance shall, to any extent, be invalid or unenforceable, the remainder of this Guaranty, or the application of such term or provision to circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each term and provision of this Guaranty shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law. 5.3 Notice. All notices or other communications to be made or given pursuant to this Guaranty shall be sufficient if made or given as provided in Section 13.6 of the Credit Agreement; or at such other addresses as directed by any of such parties to the others, as applicable, in compliance with this paragraph. 5.4 Right of Offset. Each of the Guarantors acknowledges the rights of the Agent and of each of the Lenders to offset against the Indebtedness of any Guarantor to the Lenders under this Guaranty, any amount owing by the Agent or the Lenders, or either or any of them to such Guarantors, whether represented by any deposit of such Guarantors (or any of them) with the Agent or any of the Lenders or otherwise. 5.5 Right to Cure. Each of the Guarantors shall have the right to cure any Event of Default under the Credit Agreement or the other Loan Documents with respect to obligations of the other Guarantors thereunder; provided that such cure is effected within the applicable grace period or period for cure thereunder, if any; and provided further that such cure can be effected in 6 compliance with the Credit Agreement (with respect to the obligations of any of the Permitted Borrowers). Except to the extent of payments of principal, interest and/or other sums actually received by the Agent or the Lenders pursuant to such cure, the exercise of such right to cure by any Guarantor shall not reduce or otherwise affect the liability of any other Guarantor under this Guaranty. 5.6 Amendments; Joinder of Additional Guarantors. The terms of this Guaranty may not be waived, altered, modified, amended, supplemented or terminated in any manner whatsoever except as provided herein and in accordance with the Credit Agreement. In accordance with Section 7.16 of the Credit Agreement, future Domestic Significant Subsidiaries of the Company shall become obligated as Guarantors hereunder (each as fully as though an original signatory hereto) by executing and delivering to Agent and the Lenders that certain joinder agreement in the form attached to this Guaranty as Exhibit A. 5.7 Joint and Several Obligation, etc. The obligation of each of the Guarantors under this Guaranty shall be several and also joint, each with all and also each with any one or more of the others, and may be enforced against each severally, any two or more jointly, or some severally and some jointly. Any one or more of the Guarantors may be released from its obligations hereunder with or without consideration for such release and the obligations of the other Guarantors hereunder shall be in no way affected thereby. Agent, on behalf of Lenders, may fail or elect not to prove a claim against any bankrupt or insolvent Guarantor and thereafter, Agent and the Lender may, without notice to any Guarantors, extend or renew any part or all of any indebtedness of any of Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers under the Credit Agreement or otherwise, and may permit any such Person to incur additional indebtedness, without affecting in any manner the unconditional obligation of each of the Guarantors hereunder. Such action shall not affect any right of contribution among the Guarantors. 5.8 Release. Upon the satisfaction of the obligations of the Guarantors hereunder, and when none of the Guarantors is subject to any obligation hereunder or under the Credit Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, the Agent shall deliver to the Guarantors, upon written request therefor, (i) a written release of this Guaranty and (ii) appropriate discharges of any Collateral provided by the Guarantors for this Guaranty; provided however that, the effectiveness of this Guaranty shall continue or be reinstated, as the case may be, in the event: (x) that any payment received or credit given by the Agent or the Lenders, or any of them, is returned, disgorged, rescinded or required to be recontributed to any party as an avoidable preference, impermissible setoff, fraudulent conveyance, restoration of capital or otherwise under any applicable state, federal or national law of any jurisdiction, including laws pertaining to bankruptcy or insolvency, and this Guaranty shall thereafter be enforceable against the Guarantors as if such returned, disgorged, recontributed or rescinded payment or credit has not been received or given by the Agent or the Lenders, and whether or not the Agent or any Lender relied upon such payment or Credit or changed its position as a consequence thereof or (y) that any liability is imposed, or sought to be imposed 7 against the Agent or the Lenders, or any of them, relating to the environmental condition of any of property mortgaged or pledged to Agent on behalf of the Lenders by any Guarantor, Company, any Permitted Borrower or any other party as collateral (in whole or part) for any indebtedness or obligation evidenced or secured by this Guaranty, whether such condition is known or unknown, now exists or subsequently arises (excluding only conditions which arise after acquisition by Agent or any Lender of any such property, in lieu of foreclosure or otherwise, due to the wrongful act or omission of Agent or such Lender) in which event this Guaranty shall thereafter be enforceable against the Guarantors to the extent of all liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys fees) incurred by Agent or Lenders as the direct or indirect result of any such environmental condition. For purposes of this Guaranty "environmental condition" includes, without limitation, conditions existing with respect to the surface or ground water, drinking water supply, land surface or subsurface strata and the ambient air. 5.9 Consent to Jurisdiction. Each of the Guarantors hereby irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of any United States Federal or Michigan state court sitting in Detroit in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Guaranty or any of the other Loan Documents and Guarantors hereby irrevocably agree that all claims in respect of such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in any such United States Federal or Michigan state court. Each of the Guarantors irrevocably consent to the service of any and all process in any such action or proceeding brought in any court in or of the State of Michigan (and to the receipt of any and all notices hereunder) by the delivery of copies of such process to Guarantors at their respective addresses specified in Section 5.3 hereof or by certified mail direct to such address. 5.10 JURY TRIAL WAIVER. EACH OF THE GUARANTORS (AND THE AGENT AND EACH OF THE LENDERS BY ACCEPTING THE BENEFITS HEREOF) HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AGREES TO WAIVE THE RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY WITH RESPECT TO ANY AND ALL ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS IN WHICH AGENT OR THE LENDERS (OR ANY OF THEM), ON ONE HAND, AND THE COMPANY OR ANY OF THE GUARANTORS, ON THE OTHER HAND, ARE PARTIES, WHETHER OR NOT SUCH ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS ARISE OUT OF THIS GUARANTY OR THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS OR OTHERWISE. 5.11 Limitation under Applicable Insolvency Laws. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, it is the intention of the Guarantors, Agent and the Lenders that the amount of the respective Guarantors' obligations hereunder shall be in, but not in excess of, the maximum amount thereof not subject to avoidance or recovery by operation of applicable law governing bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment of debts, relief of debtors, dissolution, insolvency, fraudulent transfers or conveyances or other similar laws (collectively, "Applicable Insolvency Laws"). To that end, but only in the event and to the extent that the Guarantors' respective obligations hereunder or any payment made pursuant thereto would, but for the operation of the foregoing proviso, be subject to avoidance or recovery under Applicable 8 Insolvency Laws, the amount of the Guarantors' respective obligations hereunder shall be limited to the largest amount which, after giving effect thereto, would not, under Applicable Insolvency Laws, render the Guarantor's respective obligations hereunder unenforceable or avoidable or subject to recovery under Applicable Insolvency Laws. To the extent any payment actually made hereunder exceeds the limitation contained in this Section 5.11, then the amount of such excess shall, from and after the time of payment by the Guarantors (or any of them), be reimbursed by the Lenders upon demand by such Guarantors. The foregoing proviso is intended solely to preserve the rights of the Agent and the Lenders hereunder against the Guarantors to the maximum extent permitted by Applicable Insolvency Laws and neither Company nor any Guarantor nor any other Person shall have any right or claim under this Section 5.11 that would not otherwise be available under Applicable Insolvency Laws. 5.12 Currency Indemnity. All amounts payable by any Guarantor under this Guaranty shall be paid to Agent at its main office in Detroit, Michigan, or otherwise as it may from time to time direct, in full, free of any present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees or withholdings and without set-off or counterclaim or any restriction or deduction whatsoever. If any Guarantor is compelled by law to make any deduction or withholding, it will promptly pay to Agent such additional amounts as will result in the net amount received by Agent being equal to the full amount which would have been receivable had there been no deduction or withholding. Payment shall be in the Permitted Currency in which the monies, obligations or liabilities of such Guarantor or the Permitted Borrower were due, owing or incurred, including without limitation under Section 2.11 of the Credit Agreement. No payment to Agent (whether under any judgment or court order or otherwise) shall discharge the obligation or liability in respect of which it was made unless and until Agent shall have received payment in full in the currency in which such obligation or liability was due, owing or incurred, including without limitation under Section 2.11 of the Credit Agreement, and to the extent that the amount of such payment shall on actual conversion into such currency fall short of such obligation or liability, actual or contingent, expressed in that currency, Agent shall have a further separate cause of action against such Guarantor to recover the amount of the shortfall. If and to the extent such Guarantor fails to pay the amount due on demand, Agent may in its absolute discretion without notice to such Guarantor purchase at any time thereafter so much of any currency as Agent considers necessary or desirable to cover the obligations and liabilities of the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, Guarantors and any of them in such currency hereby guaranteed at the then prevailing spot rate of exchange of Agent (as conclusively determined by Agent) for purchasing such currency with Dollars and each of the Guarantors hereby agrees to indemnify Agent against the full Dollar cost incurred by Agent for such purchase. [SIGNATURES FOLLOW ON SUCCEEDING PAGES] 9 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the undersigned Guarantors has executed this Guaranty as of March 2, 1998. VISHAY MEASUREMENTS GROUP, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY DALE HOLDINGS, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY DALE ELECTRONICS, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President Signature Page Domestic Guaranty (Long Term Credit Agreement) BRADFORD ELECTRONICS, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY SPRAGUE HOLDINGS CORP. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY SERVICE CENTER, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY SPRAGUE, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President Signature Page Domestic Guaranty (Long Term Credit Agreement) VISHAY SPRAGUE SANFORD, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY SPRAGUE PALM BEACH, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY ACQUISITION HOLDINGS CORP. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY VITRAMON, INCORPORATED By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President Signature Page Domestic Guaranty (Long Term Credit Agreement) VISHAY TEMIC SEMICONDUCTOR ACQUISITION HOLDINGS CORP. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY VSH HOLDINGS, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY ROEDERSTEIN ELECTRONICS, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President ACCEPTED BY: COMERICA BANK, as Administrative Agent, on behalf of the Lenders By: /s/ Dan M. Roman -------------------- Dan M. Roman Its: Vice President Signature Page Domestic Guaranty (Long Term Credit Agreement) EXHIBIT A to Domestic Guaranty Joinder Agreement THIS JOINDER AGREEMENT is dated as of _________________, ____ by __________________________, a ______________________ corporation ("New Guarantor"). WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 7.16 of that certain Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of _____________, 1998 (as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Credit Agreement") by and among Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. ("Company"), the Permitted Borrowers designated therein (by execution and delivery of the Credit Agreement or of a Permitted Borrower Addendum), the Lenders signatory thereto and Comerica Bank, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, "Agent"), and pursuant to Section 5.6 that certain Domestic Guaranty dated as of ______________, 1998 (as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Guaranty") executed and delivered by the Guarantors named therein ("Guarantors") in favor of Agent, for and on behalf of the Lenders, the New Guarantor must execute and deliver a Joinder Agreement in accordance with the Credit Agreement and the Guaranty. NOW THEREFORE, as a further inducement to Lenders to continue to provide Credit accommodations to Company and the Permitted Borrowers (as defined in the Credit Agreement), New Guarantor hereby covenants and agrees as follows: 1. All capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Credit Agreement unless expressly defined to the contrary. 2. New Guarantor hereby enters into this Joinder Agreement in order to comply with Section 7.16 of the Credit Agreement and Section 5.6 of the Guaranty and does so in consideration of the Advances made or to be made from time to time under the Credit Agreement (and the other Loan Documents, as defined in the Credit Agreement), from which New Guarantor shall derive direct and indirect benefit as with the other Guarantors (all as set forth and on the same basis as in the Guaranty). 3. New Guarantor shall be considered, and deemed to be, for all purposes of the Credit Agreement, the Guaranty and the other Loan Documents, a Guarantor under the Guaranty as fully as though New Guarantor had executed and delivered the Guaranty at the time originally executed and delivered under the Credit Agreement and hereby 1 ratifies and confirms its obligations under the Guaranty, all in accordance with the terms thereof. 4. No Default or Event of Default (each such term being defined in the Credit Agreement) has occurred and is continuing under the Credit Agreement. 6. This Joinder Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Michigan and shall be binding upon New Guarantor and its successors and assigns. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned New Guarantor has executed and delivered this Joinder Agreement as of __________________, _____. [NEW GUARANTOR] By:______________ Its:_____________ 2 EX-10.5 7 FOREIGN GUARANTY EXECUTION COPY 03/02/98 FOREIGN GUARANTY (LONG TERM) This GUARANTY is made as of the 2nd day of March, 1998 by the undersigned guarantors (each a "Guarantor" and any or all collectively the "Guarantors") to Comerica Bank, as Administrative Agent ("Agent") for and on behalf of the Lenders (as defined below). RECITALS A. Pursuant to that certain Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of March 2, 1998 (as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Credit Agreement") by and among Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Company"), the Permitted Borrowers designated therein (by their execution and delivery of the Credit Agreement or of a Permitted Borrower Addendum), Agent and the lenders which are named in and signatories to the Credit Agreement ("Lenders"), the Lenders have agreed to extend credit to the Permitted Borrowers and Company on the terms set forth in the Credit Agreement, with such credit consisting of (i) the Revolving Credit in an aggregate amount, subject to the terms of the Credit Agreement, not to exceed Eight Hundred Twenty Five Million Dollars ($825,000,000) at any one time outstanding, (ii) as part of the Revolving Credit, a Swing Line facility pursuant to Section 2.5 of the Credit Agreement and (iii) as part of the Revolving Credit, a facility for the issuance of letter(s) of Credit ("Letter(s) of Credit") for the account of the Company and/or a Permitted Borrower pursuant to Section 3 of the Credit Agreement. B. As a condition to entering into and performing their respective obligations under the Credit Agreement, the Lenders and Agent have required that the Guarantors provide to Agent, for and on behalf of the Lenders, among other Guaranties, this Guaranty. C. Each of the Guarantors desires to see the success of one another and, furthermore, shall receive direct and/or indirect benefits from extensions of credit made or to be made pursuant to the Credit Agreement to the Guarantors. D. The Agent is acting as Agent for the Lenders pursuant to Section 12 of the Credit Agreement. NOW THEREFORE, to induce each of the Lenders to extend credit from time to time under the Credit Agreement, each of the Guarantors has executed and delivered this Guaranty (as amended or otherwise modified, "Guaranty"). 1. Definitions. Unless otherwise provided herein, all capitalized terms in this Guaranty shall have the meanings specified in the Credit Agreement. The term "Lenders" as used herein shall include any successors or permitted assigns of the Lenders, in accordance with the Credit Agreement. 2. Guaranty. Each of the Guarantors (excepting only any Foreign Permitted Borrower which is directly obligated as a Permitted Borrower under the Credit Agreement, as to its own Indebtedness thereunder), hereby guarantees to the Lenders the due and punctual payment to the Lenders when due, whether by acceleration or otherwise, of all Indebtedness which may from time to time be due and owing by each and any of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers under or in connection with the Credit Agreement, including (i) the aggregate principal amount of all outstanding Advances under the Credit Agreement from time to time pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement; (ii) all Indebtedness of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, under or in connection with Letter of Credit Agreements executed or to be executed by any of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers; and (iii) all extensions, renewals and amendments of or to the Indebtedness incurred for the accounts or the benefit of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, or any replacements or substitutions therefor, all payable with interest thereon and otherwise in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement; and each of the Guarantors hereby jointly and severally agrees that if any Foreign Permitted Borrower or any other Person who is or becomes primarily liable therefor shall fail to pay any of such amounts when and as the same shall be due and payable, or shall fail to perform and discharge any covenant, representation or warranty in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, the Guarantors, to the extent of their respective obligations as set forth herein, shall each be obligated forthwith to pay to Agent on behalf of the Lenders an amount equal to any such amount or cause any other Person then primarily liable therefor to perform and discharge any such covenant, representation or warranty, as the case may be, and will pay any and all damages that may be incurred or suffered in consequence thereof by Agent or any Lender and all reasonable expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, that may be incurred by Agent or any Lender in enforcing such covenant, representation or warranty of any of the Guarantors, as applicable, and in enforcing the covenants and agreements of this Guaranty. 3. Unconditional Character of Guaranty. The obligations of each of the Guarantors under this Guaranty, to the full extent of their respective guarantees of Indebtedness hereunder (but with respect to each Guarantor, as applicable, subject to Section 6.9 through 6.11 hereof), shall be absolute and unconditional, and shall be a guaranty of payment and not of collection, irrespective of the validity, regularity or enforceability of the Credit Agreement, the Letter of Credit Agreements, the Letters of Credit or any of the other Loan Documents (including, without limitation, the Company Guaranty or the Domestic Guaranty), or any provision thereof, the absence of any action to enforce the same, any waiver or consent with respect to or any amendment of any provision thereof, the recovery of any judgment against any Person or action to enforce the same, any failure or delay in the enforcement of the direct obligations of any of the Guarantors under - 2 - the Credit Agreement, the Guaranty, or of any of them under any of the other Loan Documents, or failure by Company to have countersigned any Request for Advance by any Foreign Permitted Borrower under the Credit Agreement, or any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, limitation, defense or termination whether with or without notice to any Guarantor. Each of the Guarantors hereby waives diligence, demand for payment, filing of claims with any court, any proceeding to enforce any provision of the Credit Agreement, the Letter of Credit Agreements, the Letters of Credit or any of the other Loan Documents, any right to require a proceeding first against any of the Guarantors, or against any other guarantor or other party providing collateral, or to exhaust any security for the performance of the obligations of any of the Guarantors, any protest, presentment, notice or demand whatsoever, and the Guarantors each hereby covenant that this Guaranty shall not be terminated, discharged or released except, subject to Section 6.8 hereof, upon final payment in full (subject to no revocation or rescission) of all amounts due and to become due from each of them, as and to the extent described above, and only to the extent of any such payment, performance and discharge. Each Guarantor further covenants that no security now or subsequently held by the Agent or the Lenders for the payment of the Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement, the Letter of Credit Agreements, the Letters of Credit, or any of the other Loan Documents however evidenced or incurred, whether in the nature of a security interest, pledge, lien, assignment, setoff, suretyship, guaranty, indemnity, insurance or otherwise, and no act, omission or other conduct of Agent or the Lenders in respect of such security, shall affect in any manner whatsoever the unconditional obligation of this Guaranty, and that the Agent and each of the Lenders, in their respective sole discretion and without notice to any of the Guarantors, may release, exchange, enforce, apply the proceeds of and otherwise deal with any such security without affecting in any manner the unconditional obligation of this Guaranty. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, such obligations, and the rights of the Agent on behalf of the Lenders to enforce the same by proceedings, whether by action at law, suit in equity or otherwise, shall not be in any way affected, to the extent permitted by applicable law, by (i) any insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization, readjustment, composition, dissolution, winding up or other proceeding involving or affecting Company any or all of the Guarantors or any other Person or (ii) any change in the ownership of any of the capital stock of Company, any or all of the Guarantors or any other party providing collateral for indebtedness covered by this Guaranty, or any of their respective Affiliates. Each of the Guarantors hereby waives, to the fullest extent possible under applicable law: (a) any defense based upon the doctrine of marshalling of assets or upon an election of remedies by the Agent or the Lenders, including, without limitation, an election to proceed by non-judicial rather than judicial foreclosure, which destroys or otherwise impairs the subrogation rights of any of the Guarantors or the right of the Guarantors, or any of them, to proceed against Company, or any or all of the other Guarantors for reimbursement, or both; (b) any defense based upon any statute or rule of law which provides that the obligation of a surety must be neither larger in amount nor in other respects more burdensome than that of the principal; - 3 - (c) any duty on the part of Agent or any of the Lenders to disclose to any of the Guarantors any facts Agent or the Lenders may now or hereafter know about Company or any of the other Guarantors, regardless of whether the Agent or any Lender has reason to believe that any such facts materially increase the risk beyond that which such undersigned intends to assume, or has reason to believe that such facts are unknown to any or all of the undersigned, or has a reasonable opportunity to communicate such facts to the undersigned since each of the undersigned acknowledges that it is fully responsible for being and keeping informed of the financial condition of Company and each of the other Guarantors and of all circumstances bearing on the risk of nonpayment of any Indebtedness hereby guaranteed; (d) any defense arising because of the Agent's or the Lenders election, in any proceeding instituted under the Federal Bankruptcy Code, of the application of Section 1111 (b)(2) of the Federal Bankruptcy Code or any similar laws, rules or decisions of any Jurisdiction which affect creditor's rights generally and which may be or become applicable to the obligations of any of the Guarantors under this Guaranty; (e) any claim for reimbursement, contribution, exoneration, indemnity or subrogation, or any other similar claim, which any Guarantor may have or obtain against any of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers, by reason of the existence of this Guaranty, or by reason of the payment by any such Guarantor of any Indebtedness or the performance of this Guaranty or of any other Loan Documents, until the Indebtedness has been repaid and discharged in full and no commitment to extend any credit under the Credit Agreement or any of the Loan Documents (whether optional or obligatory), or any Letter of Credit, remains outstanding, and any amounts paid to any Guarantor on account of any such claim at any time when the obligations of such Guarantor under this Guaranty shall not have been fully and finally paid shall be held by such Guarantor in trust for Agent and the Lenders, segregated from other funds of such Guarantor, and forthwith upon receipt by such Guarantor shall be turned over to Agent in the exact form received by such Guarantor (duly endorsed to Agent by such Guarantor, if required), to be applied to such Guarantor's obligations under this Guaranty, whether matured or unmatured, in such order and manner as Agent may determine; and (f) any other event or action (excluding compliance by each of the Guarantors with the provisions hereof) that would result in the discharge by operation of law or otherwise of the Guarantors, or any of them, from the performance or observance of any obligation, covenant or agreement contained in this Guaranty. The Agent and each of the Lenders may deal with each of the Guarantors and any security held by Agent or the Lenders, or any of them, for the obligations of the Guarantors, or any of them, (as aforesaid) in the same manner and as freely as if this Guaranty did not exist and the Agent on behalf of the Lenders shall be entitled without notice to any of the Guarantors, among other things, to grant to Company and any or all of the Subsidiaries or Guarantors such extension or extensions of time to perform any act or acts as may seem advisable to the Agent on behalf of the Lenders at any time and from time to time, and to permit Company, and any or all of the Subsidiaries or Guarantors to incur additional indebtedness to Agent, the Lenders, or either or any of them, without - 4 - terminating, affecting or impairing the validity or enforceability of this Guaranty or the obligations of any of the Guarantors hereunder. The Agent may proceed, either in its own name (on behalf of the Lenders) or in the name of each or any of the Guarantors, or otherwise, to protect and enforce any or all of its rights under this Guaranty by suit in equity, action at law or by other appropriate proceedings, or to take any action authorized or permitted under applicable law, and shall be entitled to require and enforce the performance of all acts and things required to be performed hereunder by the Guarantors. Each and every remedy of the Agent on behalf of the Lenders shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and shall be in addition to any other remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity. No waiver or release shall be deemed to have been made by the Agent or the Lenders of any of its rights hereunder unless the same shall be in writing and signed by or on behalf of the Lenders, and any such waiver shall be a waiver or release only with respect to the specific matter involved and shall in no way impair the rights of the Agent or the Lenders or the obligations of the Guarantors under this Guaranty in any other respect at any other time. At the option of the Agent, any number of, or all of the undersigned may be joined in any action or proceeding commenced by the Agent against Company, any Subsidiary or any of the other Guarantors, or any of the other parties providing collateral for any indebtedness covered by this Guaranty in connection with the Credit Agreement, any Letter of Credit Agreement or Letter of Credit or any of the other Loan Documents or other Indebtedness, or any provision thereof, and recovery may be had against each Guarantor in such action or proceeding or in any independent action or proceeding against any or all Guarantors, without any requirement that the Agent or the Lenders first assert, prosecute or exhaust any remedy or claim against the Person principally obligated for such Indebtedness, or any of the other party providing collateral for any Indebtedness covered by this Guaranty. As a separate, additional and continuing obligation, each of the Guarantors unconditionally and irrevocably undertakes and agrees with Agent that, should the amounts referred to in Section 2 of this Guaranty not be recoverable from such Guarantor in its capacity as a guarantor under this Guaranty for any reason whatsoever (including, without limitation, by reason of any provision of the Credit Agreement, any Letter of Credit Agreement or Letter of Credit, or any of the other Loan Documents being or becoming void, unenforceable, or otherwise invalid under any applicable law) then, notwithstanding any knowledge thereof by the Agent and the Lenders or any of them at any time, each of the Guarantors as sole, original and independent and joint and several obligor, upon demand by Agent, will make payment to Agent of all such amounts by way of a full indemnity. 4. Currency Indemnity. All amounts payable by each Guarantor under this Guaranty shall be paid to Agent at its main office in Detroit, Michigan, or otherwise as it may from time to time direct, in full free of any present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees or withholdings and without set-off or counterclaim or any restriction or deduction whatsoever. If any Guarantor is compelled by law to make any deduction or withholding, it will promptly pay to Agent - 5 - such additional amounts as will result in the net amount received by Agent being equal to the full amount which would have been receivable had there been no deduction or withholding. Payment shall be in the Permitted Currency in which the monies, obligations or liabilities of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers and any of them were due, owing or incurred. No payment to Agent (whether under any judgment or court order or otherwise) shall discharge the obligation or liability in respect of which it was made unless and until Agent shall have received payment in full in the currency in which such obligation or liability was due, owing or incurred, and to the extent that the amount of such payment shall on actual conversion into such currency fall short of such obligation or liability, actual or contingent, expressed in that currency, Agent shall have a further separate cause of action against each Guarantor to recover the amount of the shortfall. If and to the extent any Guarantor fails to pay the amount due on demand, Agent may in its absolute discretion without notice to such Guarantor purchase at any time thereafter so much of any currency as Agent considers necessary or desirable to cover the obligations and liabilities of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers and any of them in such currency hereby guaranteed at the then prevailing spot rate of exchange of Agent (as conclusively determined by Agent) for purchasing such currency with Dollars and each of the Guarantors hereby agrees to indemnify Agent against the full Dollar cost incurred by Agent for such purchase. 5. Representations and Warranties. Each of the Guarantors (i) ratifies, confirms and, by reference thereto (as fully as though such matters were expressly set forth herein), represents and warrants with respect to itself those matters set forth in Sections 6.1, 6.3 through 6.10, 6.12 and 6.14 through 6.20, inclusive, of the Credit Agreement, and such representations and warranties shall be deemed to be continuing representations and warranties true and correct in all material respects so long as this Guaranty shall be in effect; and (ii) agrees not to engage in any action or inaction, the result of which would cause a violation of any term or condition of the Credit Agreement. 6. Miscellaneous. 6.1 Governing Law. This Guaranty shall be deemed delivered in Michigan and shall be interpreted and the rights of the parties hereunder shall be determined under the laws of, and be enforceable in, the State of Michigan, each of the Guarantors hereby consenting to the jurisdiction of state and all federal courts sitting in such state. 6.2 Severability. If any term or provision of this Guaranty or the application thereof to any circumstances, or any or all of the obligations of any of the Guarantors under this Guaranty shall, to any extent, be invalid or unenforceable, the remainder of this Guaranty, or the application of such term or provision to circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid or unenforceable, or the obligations of each of the remaining Guarantors, as the case may be, shall not be affected thereby, and each term, provision and obligation of this Guaranty shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law. 6.3 Notice. Except as otherwise expressly set forth in this Guaranty, all notices and other communications provided to any party hereto under this Guaranty shall be in writing and shall be given by personal delivery, by mail, by reputable overnight courier, by telex or by facsimile - 6 - and addressed or delivered to at the address set forth on the Administrative Detail Forms on file with the Agent or at such other address as may be designated by such party in a notice to the other parties that complies as to delivery with the terms of this Section 6.3. Any notice, if personally delivered or if mailed and properly addressed with postage prepaid and sent by registered or certified mail, shall be deemed given when received or when delivery is refused; any notice, if given to a reputable overnight courier and properly addressed, shall be deemed given two (2) Business Days after the date on which it was sent, unless it is actually received sooner by the named addressee; and any notice, if transmitted by telex or facsimile, shall be deemed given when received (answer back confirmed in the case of telexes and receipt confirmed in the case of telecopies). Agent may, but, except as specifically provided herein, shall not be required to, take any action on the basis of any notice given to it by telephone, but the giver of any such notice shall promptly confirm such notice in writing or by telex or facsimile, and such notice will not be deemed to have been received until such confirmation is deemed received in accordance with the provisions of this Section set forth above. If such telephonic notice conflicts with any such confirmation, the terms of such telephonic notice shall control. 6.4 Right of Offset. The Guarantors each acknowledge the rights of the Agent and of each of the Lenders to offset against their respective obligations to the Lenders under this Guaranty, any amount owing by the Agent or the Lenders, or any of them to such Guarantors, whether represented by any deposit of such Guarantors with the Agent or any of the Lenders or otherwise. 6.5 Right to Cure. Each of the Guarantors shall have the right to cure any Event of Default under the Credit Agreement or the Loan Documents with respect to obligations of the other Guarantors thereunder; provided that such cure is effected within the applicable grace period or period for cure thereunder, if any; and provided further that such cure can be effected in compliance with the Credit Agreement (with respect to the obligations of any of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers). Except to the extent of payments of principal, interest and/or other sums actually received by the Agent or the Lenders pursuant to such cure, the exercise of such right to cure by any Guarantor shall not reduce or otherwise affect the liability of any other Guarantor under this Guaranty. 6.6 Joint and Several Obligation, etc. The obligation of each of the Guarantors under this Guaranty shall be several and also joint, each with all and also each with any one or more of the others, and may be enforced against each severally, any two or more jointly, or some severally and some jointly. Any one or more of the Guarantors may be released from its obligations hereunder with or without consideration for such release and the obligations of the other Guarantors hereunder shall be in no way affected thereby. Agent, on behalf of Lenders, may fail or elect not to prove a claim against any bankrupt or insolvent Guarantor and thereafter, Agent and the Lenders may, without notice to any of the Guarantors, extend or renew any part or all of any indebtedness of the Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers under the Credit Agreement or otherwise and may permit any such Person to incur additional indebtedness, without affecting in any manner the unconditional obligation of each of the Guarantors. Such action shall not affect any right of contribution among the Guarantors. - 7 - 6.7 Amendments; Joinder of Additional Guarantors. The terms of this Guaranty may not be waived, altered, modified, amended, supplemented or terminated in any manner whatsoever except as provided herein and in accordance with the Credit Agreement. In accordance with Section 7.16 of the Credit Agreement, each of the Foreign Subsidiaries of the Company which become Significant Foreign Subsidiaries after the date hereof shall become obligated as Guarantors hereunder (each as fully as though an original signatory hereto) by executing and delivering to Agent and the Lenders a joinder agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A, provided that the liability of the Guarantors hereunder shall not be affected by the failure of any other Significant Foreign Subsidiary to execute and deliver a joinder agreement. 6.8 Release. Upon the satisfaction of the obligations of the Guarantors hereunder and when none of the Guarantors is subject to any obligation hereunder or under the Credit Agreement, the Agent shall deliver to the Guarantors, upon written request therefor, (i) a written release of this Guaranty and (ii) appropriate discharges of any Collateral provided by the Guarantors for this Guaranty; provided that, the effectiveness of this Guaranty shall be continued or be reinstated, as the case may be, in the event: (x) that any payment received or credit given by the Agent on the Lenders is returned, disgorged, rescinded or required to be recontributed to any party as an avoidable preference, impermissible setoff, fraudulent conveyance, restoration of capital or otherwise under any applicable state, federal or national law of any jurisdiction, including, without limitation, laws pertaining to bankruptcy or insolvency, in which event this Guaranty shall thereafter be enforceable against the Guarantors as if such returned, disgorged, recontributed or rescinded payment or credit had not been received or given by the Agent or the Lenders, and whether or not the Agent or the Lenders relied upon such payment or credit or changed its position as a consequence thereof; or (y) that any liability is imposed, or sought to be imposed, against the Agent or any of the Lenders relating to the environmental condition of any property mortgaged or pledged to the Agent or the Lenders by any Guarantor, or any other party providing collateral for the indebtedness covered by this Guaranty, whether such condition is known or unknown, now exists or subsequently arises (excluding only conditions which arise after any acquisition by Agent or any Lender of any such property, in lieu of foreclosure or otherwise, due to the wrongful act or omission of Agent or any Lender), in which event this Guaranty shall thereafter be enforceable against the Guarantors to the extent of all liability, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys fees) incurred by Agent or any Lender as the direct or indirect result of any such environmental condition. For purposes of this Guaranty, "environmental condition" includes, without limitation, conditions existing with respect to the surface or ground water, drinking water supply, land surface or subsurface strata and the ambient air. 6.9 Foreign Law Limitations. A. Limitation With Respect to Vishay S.A. Obligations. (a) Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Guaranty, Vishay S.A. ("Vishay France") shall not be required to pay, pursuant to this Guaranty, more than the sum of (i) Ninety Million French Francs (FRF 90,000,000), plus (ii) the amount of all loans, advances on open account or other funds furnished or to be furnished for the benefit of or on behalf of Vishay France or any of its Subsidiaries by the Company, Vishay Europe GmbH ("Vishay Europe") or Vishay Electronic GmbH - 8 - ("Vishay Electronic") or any of their respective Subsidiaries from and after the date hereof, and (iii) the amount of all sums guaranteed or subject to any other credit accommodation extended by the Company, Vishay Europe, Vishay Electronic or any of their respective Subsidiaries, or any of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers to any Person, for the benefit of Vishay France or any of its Subsidiaries, from and after the date hereof, provided, however, that the amounts covered by clauses (ii) and (iii), above shall not include funds used for the purchase of, or invested in, shares of the capital stock of Vishay France. Vishay France hereby represents, warrants and acknowledges to Agent and the Lenders that the limitation set forth in this Section 6.9 has been determined by it (and its board of directors) on the basis of, and does not exceed, the current borrowing capacity of Vishay France under French law. The limitation contained in this Section 6.9 shall not apply to, or otherwise restrict or reduce in any manner whatsoever the liability of any of the other Guarantors hereunder, or of any other Person directly or indirectly liable for Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents. B. Limitation With Respect to Nicolitch S.A. Obligations. (a) Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Guaranty, Nicolitch S.A. ("Nicolitch") shall not be required to pay, pursuant to this Guaranty, more than the sum of (i) Eighteen Million French Francs (FRF 18,000,000), plus (ii) the amount of all loans, advances on open account or other funds furnished or to be furnished for the benefit of or on behalf of Nicolitch or any of its Subsidiaries by the Company, Vishay Europe, Vishay Electronic or Vishay France or any of their respective Subsidiaries from and after the date hereof, and (iii) the amount of all sums guaranteed or subject to any other credit accommodation extended by the Company, Vishay Europe, Vishay Electronic or Vishay France or any of their respective Subsidiaries, or any of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers to any Person, for the benefit of Nicolitch or any of its Subsidiaries, from and after the date hereof; provided, however, that the amounts covered by clauses (ii) and (iii), above shall not include funds used for the purchase of, or invested in, shares of the capital stock of Nicolitch. Nicolitch hereby represents, warrants and acknowledges to Agent and the Lenders that the limitation set forth in this Section 6.9 has been determined by it (and its board of directors) on the basis of, and does not exceed, the current borrowing capacity of Nicolitch under French law. The limitation contained in this Section 6.9 shall not apply to, or otherwise restrict or reduce in any manner whatsoever the liability of any of the other Guarantors hereunder, or of any other Person directly or indirectly liable for Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents. C. Limitation With Respect to Sprague France S.A. Obligations. (a) Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Guaranty, Sprague France S.A. ("Sprague France") shall not be required to pay, pursuant to this Guaranty, more than the sum of (i) Twelve Million French Francs (FRF 12,000,000), plus (ii) the amount of all loans, advances on open account or other funds furnished or to be furnished for the benefit of or on behalf of Nicolitch or any of its Subsidiaries by the Company, Vishay Sprague Holdings, Corp., Vishay Europe, Vishay Electronic or Vishay France or any of their respective Subsidiaries from and after the date hereof, and (iii) the amount of all sums guaranteed or subject to any other credit accommodation extended by the Company, Vishay Sprague Holdings, Corp., Vishay Europe, Vishay Electronic or Vishay France or any of their respective Subsidiaries, or any of the Foreign Permitted Borrowers to any Person, for the benefit of Sprague France or any of its Subsidiaries, from and after the date hereof; - 9 - provided, however, that the amounts covered by clauses (ii) and (iii), above shall not include funds used for the purchase of, or invested in, shares of the capital stock of Sprague France. Sprague France hereby represents, warrants and acknowledges to Agent and the Lenders that the limitation set forth in this Section 6.9 has been determined by it (and its board of directors) on the basis of, and does not exceed, the current borrowing capacity of Sprague France under French law. The limitation contained in this Section 6.9 shall not apply to, or otherwise restrict or reduce in any manner whatsoever the liability of any of the other Guarantors hereunder, or of any other Person directly or indirectly liable for Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents. D. Limitation with Respect to German Guarantors. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, in accordance with Sections 30 and 31 of the German GmbH-Gesetz (German GmbH-Act), the liabilities of Vishay Europe, Pamela Verwaltungsgesellschaft ("Pamela") and Camilla Verwaltungsgesellschaft ("Camilla") hereunder for Indebtedness incurred by their respective shareholders and the liabilities of Vishay Electronic hereunder for Indebtedness incurred by Vishay Europe shall be limited so that in no case shall enforcement of such liabilities result in diminishing the assets of Vishay Europe, Vishay Electronic, Pamela or Camilla below the level required to be maintained by such parties for the preservation of their nominal share capital. Nothing contained in this Section 6.10 shall be construed to restrict enforcement of the direct obligations of Vishay Europe, Vishay Electronic or Pamela as Foreign Permitted Borrowers or the liquidation of assets of Vishay Europe, Vishay Electronic or Pamela for the purpose of paying such direct obligations, whether or not such enforcement or liquidation would result in impairment of the nominal share capital of Vishay Europe, Vishay Electronic or Pamela, as the case may be. E. English Law Provisions. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Guaranty, the following provisions shall apply to the obligations of E-Sil Components Limited ("E-Sil") as Guarantor: (a) all amounts which are due and payable hereunder by E-Sil shall be deemed to be payable on demand; (b) this Guaranty (as to all Guarantors) is a continuing security and shall remain in full force and effect until all moneys, obligations and liabilities due hereunder have been paid, discharged or satisfied in full notwithstanding the liquidation or other incapacity or any change in the constitution of any of the Guarantors or in the name and style of any of them or any settlement or account or other matter whatsoever; (c) notwithstanding that this Guaranty ceases to be continuing for any reason whatever the Agent and the Lenders may continue any accounts of any of the Guarantors or open one or more new accounts and the liability of each Guarantor hereunder shall not in any manner be reduced or affected by any subsequent transactions or receipts or payments into or out of any such accounts; (d) E-Sil represents and warrants to the Lenders that it has not taken or received and undertakes that it will not take or receive the benefit of any security from any Permitted Borrower, any other Guarantor, the Company or any other Person in respect of its liabilities under - 10 - this Guaranty. If any such security is taken, E-Sil hereby declares that such security and all moneys at any time received in respect thereof shall be held in trust for the Agent as a continuing security for the liabilities of the Guarantors under this Guaranty; and (e) to the extent that any trust created under the Guaranty shall be deemed to be subject to English law, for the purpose of the Perpetuities and Accumulations Act 1964 of the United Kingdom, the perpetuity period with respect to such trust shall be deemed to be eighty (80) years from the date of this Guaranty. 6.10 Consent to Jurisdiction. Guarantors hereby irrevocably submit to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of any United States Federal or Michigan state court sitting in Detroit in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Guaranty or any of the Loan Documents and Guarantors hereby irrevocably agree that all claims in respect of such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in any such United States Federal or Michigan state court. Guarantors irrevocably consent to the service of any and all process in any such action or proceeding brought in any court in or of the State of Michigan (and to the receipt of any and all notices hereunder) by the delivery of copies of such process to Guarantors at Company's addresses referred to in Section 6.3 hereof or by certified mail directed to such address. 6.11 JURY TRIAL WAIVER. GUARANTORS AND THE AGENT AND THE LENDERS (BY ACCEPTING THE BENEFITS HEREOF) HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AGREE TO WAIVE THE RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY WITH RESPECT TO ANY AND ALL ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS IN WHICH AGENT OR THE LENDERS (OR ANY OF THEM), ON ONE HAND, AND THE COMPANY OR ANY OF THE GUARANTORS, ON THE OTHER HAND, ARE PARTIES, WHETHER OR NOT SUCH ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS ARISE OUT OF THIS GUARANTY, THE LOAN DOCUMENTS OR OTHERWISE. 6.12 Limitation under Applicable Insolvency Laws. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, it is the intention of the Guarantors, Agent and the Lenders that the amount of the respective Guarantors' obligations hereunder shall be in, but not in excess of, the maximum amount thereof not subject to avoidance or recovery by operation of applicable law governing bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment of debts, relief of debtors, dissolution, insolvency, fraudulent transfers or conveyances or other similar laws (collectively, "Applicable Insolvency Laws"). To that end, but only in the event and to the extent that the Guarantors' respective obligations hereunder or any payment made pursuant thereto would, but for the operation of the foregoing proviso, be subject to avoidance or recovery under Applicable Insolvency Laws, the amount of the Guarantors' respective obligations hereunder shall be limited to the largest amount which, after giving effect thereto, would not, under Applicable Insolvency Laws, render the Guarantor's respective obligations hereunder unenforceable or avoidable or subject to recovery under Applicable Insolvency Laws. To the extent any payment actually made hereunder exceeds the limitation contained in this Section 6.12, then the amount of such excess shall, from and after the time of payment by the Guarantors (or any of them), be reimbursed by the Lenders upon demand by such Guarantors. The foregoing proviso is intended solely to preserve the rights of the Agent and the Lenders hereunder against the Guarantors to the maximum extent permitted by - 11 - Applicable Insolvency Laws and neither Company nor any Guarantor nor any other Person shall have any right or claim under this Section 6.12 that would not otherwise be available under Applicable Insolvency Laws. * * * [SIGNATURES FOLLOW ON SUCCEEDING PAGES] - 12 - IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the undersigned Guarantors has executed this Guaranty as of March 2, 1998. PAMELA VERWALTUNGSGESELLSCHAFT GMBH By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Vice President VISHAY SPRAGUE CANADA HOLDINGS, INC. By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Vice President VILNA EQUITIES HOLDINGS, B.V.(NETHERLANDS) By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Vice President VISHAY EUROPE GMBH By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Vice President SIGNATURE PAGE FOREIGN GUARANTY LONG TERM CREDIT AGREEMENT - 13 - VISHAY EUROPE GMBH By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Vice President VISHAY ELECTRONIC GMBH By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Vice President E-SIL COMPONENTS LIMITED By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Vice President VISHAY S.A.(FRANCE) By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Vice President SIGNATURE PAGE FOREIGN GUARANTY LONG TERM CREDIT AGREEMENT - 14 - NICOLITCH S.A.(FRANCE) By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Vice President SPRAGUE FRANCE S.A. By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Vice President ULTRONIX, INC. By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Vice President TECHNO COMPONENTS CORP. By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Vice President SIGNATURE PAGE FOREIGN GUARANTY LONG TERM CREDIT AGREEMENT - 15 - VISHAY THIN FILM, INC. By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Vice President ACCEPTED BY: COMERICA BANK as Agent, on behalf of the Lenders By: /s/ Dan M. Roman ---------------- Dan M. Roman Its: Vice President SIGNATURE PAGE FOREIGN GUARANTY LONG TERM CREDIT AGREEMENT - 16 - EXHIBIT A TO FOREIGN GUARANTY JOINDER AGREEMENT THIS JOINDER AGREEMENT is dated as of ______________, ____ by _________________________________, a _________________ corporation ("New Guarantor"). WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 7.16 of that certain Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of , 1998 (as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Credit Agreement") by and among Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. ("Company"), the Permitted Borrowers designated therein (by execution and delivery of promissory notes), the Lenders signatory thereto and Comerica Bank, as Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, "Agent"), and pursuant to Section 6.7 of that certain Foreign Guaranty dated as of ____________, 1998 (as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Guaranty") executed and delivered by the Guarantors named therein ("Guarantors") in favor of Agent, for and on behalf of the Lenders, the New Guarantor must execute and deliver a Joinder Agreement in accordance with the Credit Agreement and the Guaranty. NOW THEREFORE, as a further inducement to Lenders to continue to provide Credit accommodations to Company and the Permitted Borrowers (as defined in the Credit Agreement), New Guarantor hereby covenants and agrees as follows: 1. All capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Credit Agreement unless expressly defined to the contrary. 2. New Guarantor hereby enters into this Joinder Agreement in order to comply with Section 7.16 of the Credit Agreement and Section 6.7 of the Guaranty and does so in consideration of the Advances made or to be made from time to time under the Credit Agreement (and the other Loan Documents, as defined in the Credit Agreement), from which New Guarantor shall derive direct and indirect benefit as with the other Guarantors (all as set forth and on the same basis as in the Guaranty). 3. Subject to paragraph 5 of this Joinder Agreement, New Guarantor shall be considered, and deemed to be, for all purposes of the Credit Agreement, the Guaranty and the other Loan Documents, a Guarantor under the Guaranty and hereby ratifies and confirms its obligations under the Guaranty, all in accordance with the terms thereof. - 17 - 4. No Default or Event of Default (each such term being defined in the Credit Agreement) has occurred and is continuing under the Credit Agreement. [5. Insert Applicable Foreign Law Limitations and Other Provisions.] 6. Subject to paragraph 5 of this Joinder Agreement, this Joinder Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Michigan and shall be binding upon New Guarantor and its successors and assigns. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned New Guarantor has executed and delivered this Joinder Agreement as of ____________, _____. [NEW GUARANTOR] By:_______________________ Its:______________________ - 18 - EX-10.6 8 COMPANY GUARANTY (SHORT TERM) EXECUTION COPY 03/02/98 EXHIBIT G-1 COMPANY GUARANTY (SHORT TERM) This COMPANY GUARANTY is made as of this 2nd day of March, 1998 by Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Guarantor") to Comerica Bank, as Administrative Agent ("Agent") for and on behalf of the Lenders (as defined below). RECITALS A. Pursuant to that certain Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of March 2, 1998 (as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Credit Agreement") by and among the Guarantor, the Permitted Borrowers subsequently designated therein (by their execution and delivery of a Permitted Borrower Addendum), Agent and the lenders which are named in and signatories to the Credit Agreement ("Lenders"), the Lenders have agreed to extend credit to the Permitted Borrowers and Company on the terms set forth in the Credit Agreement, with such credit consisting of the Revolving Credit in an aggregate amount, subject to the terms of the Credit Agreement, not to exceed Two Hundred Seventy Five Million Dollars ($275,000,000) at any one time outstanding. B. As a condition to entering into and performing their respective obligations under the Credit Agreement, the Lenders, and Agent have required that Guarantor provide to Agent, for and on behalf of the Lenders, this Guaranty. C. Guarantor desires to see the success of the Permitted Borrowers and furthermore, Guarantor shall receive direct and/or indirect benefits from extensions of credit made or to be made pursuant to the Credit Agreement to Permitted Borrowers. D. Agent is acting as Agent for the Lenders pursuant to Section 12 of the Credit Agreement. NOW, THEREFORE, to induce each of the Lenders (as defined in the Credit Agreement) to enter into and perform its obligations under the Credit Agreement the Guarantor has executed and delivered this guaranty (as amended and otherwise modified from time to time "Guaranty"). 1. Definitions. Unless otherwise provided herein, all capitalized terms in this Guaranty shall have the meanings specified in the Credit Agreement. The term "Lenders" as used herein shall include any successors or assigns of the Lenders, in accordance with the Credit Agreement. 1 2. Guaranty. The Guarantor hereby guarantees to the Lenders the due and punctual payment to the Lenders when due, whether by acceleration or otherwise, of all amounts, including, without limitation, principal, interest (including interest accruing on or after the filing of any petition in bankruptcy, or the commencement of any insolvency, reorganization or like proceeding by or against any of the Permitted Borrowers, whether or not a claim for post-filing or post-petition interest is allowed in such a proceeding), and all other liabilities and obligations, direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter incurred, which may arise under, out of, or in connection with all Indebtedness of any of the Permitted Borrowers under or in connection with the Credit Agreement or the Loan Documents, whether such Indebtedness is now existing or hereafter arising including, but not limited to: (a) the aggregate principal amount of all outstanding Advances under the Credit Agreement, from time to time pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement; and (b) all extensions, renewals and amendments of or to the Credit Agreement, any Notes issued thereunder, or such other Indebtedness, or any replacements or substitutions therefor; whether on account of principal, interest, reimbursement obligations, fees, indemnities, and reasonable costs and expenses (including without limitation, all reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to the Agent or any Lender) or otherwise, and hereby agrees that if any of the Permitted Borrowers shall fail to pay any of such amounts when and as the same shall be due and payable, or shall fail to perform and discharge any covenant, representation or warranty in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents (subject, in each case to any applicable periods of grace or cure), the Guarantor will forthwith pay to the Agent, on behalf of the Lenders, an amount equal to any such amount and will pay any and all damages that may be incurred or suffered in consequence thereof by Agent or any of the Lenders and all reasonable expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, that may be incurred by Agent in enforcing such covenant, representation or warranty of any of the Permitted Borrowers, and in enforcing the covenants and agreements of this Guaranty. 3. Unconditional Character of Guaranty. The obligations of Guarantor under this Guaranty shall be absolute and unconditional, and shall be a guaranty of payment and not of collection, irrespective of the validity, regularity or enforceability of the Credit Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents (including, without limitation, the Domestic Guaranty), or any provision thereof, the absence of any action to enforce the same, any waiver or consent with respect to or any amendment of any provision thereof, the recovery of any judgment against any Person or action to enforce the same, any failure or delay in the enforcement of the obligations of the Permitted Borrowers under the Credit Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents, any failure by Guarantor to have countersigned any Request for Advance by any of the Permitted Borrowers under the Credit Agreement, or any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, limitation, defense or termination, whether with or without notice to the Guarantor. Guarantor hereby waives diligence, demand for payment, filing of claims with any court, any proceeding to enforce any provision of the 2 Credit Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, any right to require a proceeding first against any of the Permitted Borrowers, or against any other guarantor or other party providing collateral, or to exhaust any security for the performance of the obligations of any of the Permitted Borrowers, any protest, presentment, notice or demand whatsoever, and Guarantor hereby covenants that this Guaranty shall not be terminated, discharged or released except, subject to Section 4.7 hereof, upon final payment in full subject to no revocation or rescission of all amounts due and to become due from the Permitted Borrowers as and to the extent described above, and only to the extent of any such payment, performance and discharge. Guarantor further covenants that no security now or subsequently held by the Agent or the Lenders for the payment of the Indebtedness evidenced by the Register and the accounts maintained by each Lender pursuant to the Credit Agreement, or for the payment of any other Indebtedness of the Permitted Borrowers to the Agent or the Lenders under the Credit Agreement or the other Loan Documents, whether in the nature of a security interest, pledge, lien, assignment, setoff, suretyship, guaranty, indemnity, insurance or otherwise, and no act, omission or other conduct of Agent or the Lenders in respect of such security, shall affect in any manner whatsoever the unconditional obligation of this Guaranty, and that the Agent and each of the Lenders, in their respective sole discretion and without notice to Guarantor, may release, exchange, enforce, apply the proceeds of and otherwise deal with any such security without affecting in any manner the unconditional obligation of this Guaranty. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, such obligations, and the rights of the Agent to enforce the same, on behalf of the Lenders, by proceedings, whether by action at law, suit in equity or otherwise, shall not be in any way affected by (i) any insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization, readjustment, composition, dissolution, winding up or other proceeding involving or affecting any or all of the Permitted Borrowers, or others or (ii) any change in the ownership of any of the capital stock of any or all of the Permitted Borrowers, or any other party providing collateral for any indebtedness covered by this Guaranty, or any of their respective Affiliates. Guarantor hereby waives to the full extent possible under applicable law: (a) any defense based upon the doctrine of marshalling of assets or upon an election of remedies by Agent or the Lenders, including, without limitation, an election to proceed by non-judicial rather than judicial foreclosure, which destroys or otherwise impairs the subrogation rights of the Guarantor or the right of the Guarantor to proceed against the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, for reimbursement, or both; (b) any defense based upon any statute or rule of law which provides that the obligation of a surety must be neither larger in amount nor in other respects more burdensome than that of the principal; (c) any duty on the part of Agent or the Lenders to disclose to the Guarantor any facts Agent or the Lenders may now or hereafter know about any of the Permitted Borrowers, regardless of whether Agent or any Lender has reason to believe that any such facts materially increase the risk beyond that which the Guarantor intends to assume or has reason to believe that such facts are unknown to the Guarantor or has a reasonable opportunity to communicate such facts 3 to the Guarantor, since the Guarantor acknowledges that it is fully responsible for being and keeping informed of the financial condition of each of the Permitted Borrowers and of all circumstances bearing on the risk of non-payment of any Indebtedness (defined as applicable) hereby guaranteed; (d) any defense arising because of Agent's or the Lenders' election, in any proceeding instituted under the Federal Bankruptcy Code, of the application of Section 1111(b)(2) of the Federal Bankruptcy Code; (e) until the Indebtedness is irrevocably paid in full, any claim for reimbursement, contribution, indemnity or subrogation which such Guarantor may have or obtain against the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them by reason of the payment by Guarantor of any Indebtedness; and (f) any other event or action (excluding Guarantor's compliance with the provisions hereof) that would result in the discharge by operation of law or otherwise of the Guarantor from the performance or observance of any obligation, covenant or agreement contained in this Guaranty. The Agent and each of the Lenders may deal with the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, and any security held by them for the obligations of the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, (as aforesaid) in the same manner and as freely as if this Guaranty did not exist and the Agent shall be entitled, on behalf of Lenders, without notice to Guarantor, among other things, to grant to the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, such extension or extensions of time to perform any act or acts as may seem advisable to the Agent (on behalf of the Lenders) at any time and from time to time, and to permit the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, to incur additional indebtedness to Agent, the Lenders, or any of them, without terminating, affecting or impairing the validity or enforceability of this Guaranty or the obligations of Guarantor hereunder. The Agent may proceed, either in its own name (on behalf of the Lenders) or in the name of the Guarantor, or otherwise, to protect and enforce any or all of its rights under this Guaranty by suit in equity, action at law or by other appropriate proceedings, or to take any action authorized or permitted under applicable law, and shall be entitled to require and enforce the performance of all acts and things required to be performed hereunder by the Guarantor. Each and every remedy of the Agent and of the Lenders shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and shall be in addition to any other remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity. No waiver or release shall be deemed to have been made by the Agent or any of the Lenders of any of their respective rights hereunder unless the same shall be in writing and signed by or on behalf of the Lenders, and any such waiver shall be a waiver or release only with respect to the specific matter involved and shall in no way impair the rights of the Agent or any of the Lenders or the obligations of Guarantor under this Guaranty in any other respect at any other time. At the option of the Agent, Guarantor may be joined in any action or proceeding commenced by the Agent against the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, or any of the other parties providing 4 collateral for any indebtedness covered by this Guaranty in connection with or based upon the Credit Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents or other Indebtedness (defined as applicable, as aforesaid), or any provision thereof, and recovery may be had against Guarantor in such action or proceeding or in any independent action or proceeding against Guarantor, without any requirement that the Agent or the Lenders first assert, prosecute or exhaust any remedy or claim against the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, and/or any of the other parties providing collateral for any Indebtedness covered by this Guaranty. 4. Miscellaneous. 4.1 Governing Law. This Guaranty has been delivered in Michigan and shall be interpreted and the rights of the parties hereunder shall be determined under the laws of, and be enforceable in, the State of Michigan, Guarantor hereby consenting to the jurisdiction of state and all federal courts sitting in such state. 4.2 Severability. If any term or provision of this Guaranty or the application thereof to any circumstance shall, to any extent, be invalid or unenforceable, the remainder of this Guaranty, or the application of such term or provision to circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each term and provision of this Guaranty shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law. 4.3 Notice. All notices and other communications to be made or given pursuant to this Guaranty shall be sufficient if made or given as provided in Section 13.6 of the Credit Agreement, or at such other addresses as directed by any of such parties to the others, as applicable, in compliance with this paragraph. 4.4 Right of Offset. Guarantor acknowledges the rights of the Agent and of each of the Lenders to offset against the Indebtedness of Guarantor to the Lenders under this Guaranty, any amount owing by the Agent or the Lenders, or either or any of them to the Guarantor, whether represented by any deposit of Guarantor with the Agent or any of the Lenders or otherwise. 4.5 Right to Cure. Guarantor shall have the right to cure any Event of Default under the Credit Agreement or the other Loan Documents (with respect to the obligations of any of the Permitted Borrowers thereunder); provided that such cure is effected within the applicable grace period or period for cure, if any; and provided further that such cure can be effected in compliance with the Credit Agreement and other Loan Documents (with respect to the obligations of such Permitted Borrower). Except to the extent of payments of principal and/or interest on any outstanding Advances under the Credit Agreement made by the Permitted Borrowers, actually received by the Agent (or the Lenders) pursuant to such cure, the exercise of such right to cure by Guarantor shall not reduce or otherwise affect the liability of Guarantor under this Guaranty. 4.6 Amendments. The terms of this Guaranty may not be waived, altered, modified, amended, supplemented or terminated in any manner whatsoever except as provided herein and in accordance with the Credit Agreement. 5 4.7 Release. Upon the satisfaction by Guarantor of its obligations hereunder and its direct obligations under the Credit Agreement and the Notes executed pursuant thereto, and when Guarantor is no longer subject to any obligation hereunder or thereunder, the Agent shall deliver to Guarantor, upon written request therefor, (i) a written release of this Guaranty and (ii) appropriate discharges of any Collateral provided by Guarantor for this Guaranty; provided however that, the effectiveness of this Guaranty shall continue or be reinstated, as the case may be, in the event: (x) that any payment received or credit given by the Agent or the Lenders, or any of them, is returned, disgorged, rescinded or required to be recontributed to any party as an avoidable preference, impermissible setoff, fraudulent conveyance, restoration of capital or otherwise under any applicable state, federal or national law of any jurisdiction, including laws pertaining to bankruptcy or insolvency, and this Guaranty shall thereafter be enforceable against Guarantor as if such returned, disgorged, recontributed or rescinded payment or credit has not been received or given by the Agent or the Lenders, and whether or not the Agent or any Lender relied upon such payment or credit or changed its position as a consequence thereof or (y) that any liability is imposed, or sought to be imposed against the Agent or the Lenders, or any of them, relating to the environmental condition of any property mortgaged or pledged to Agent on behalf of the Lenders by Guarantor, any Permitted Borrower or any other party as collateral (in whole or part) for any indebtedness or obligation evidenced or secured by this Guaranty, whether such condition is known or unknown, now exists or subsequently arises (excluding only conditions which arise after acquisition by Agent or any Lender of any such property, in lieu of foreclosure or otherwise, due to the wrongful act or omission of Agent or such Lender) in which event this Guaranty shall thereafter be enforceable against Guarantor to the extent of all liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys fees) incurred by Agent or Lenders as the direct or indirect result of any such environmental condition. For purposes of this Guaranty "environmental condition" includes, without limitation, conditions existing with respect to the surface or ground water, drinking water supply, land surface or subsurface strata and the ambient air. 4.8 Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury Trial. This Guaranty is subject to the waiver of jury trial contained in Section 9.4 of the Credit Agreement and the Consent to Jurisdiction contained in Section 13.2 of the Credit Agreement. 4.9 Currency Indemnity. All amounts payable by Guarantor under this Guaranty shall be paid to Agent at its main office in Detroit, Michigan, or otherwise as it may from time to time direct, in full free of any present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees or withholdings and without set-off or counterclaim or any restriction or deduction whatsoever. If Guarantor is compelled by law to make any deduction or withholding, it will promptly pay to Agent such additional amounts as will result in the net amount received by Agent being equal to the full amount which would have been receivable had there been no deduction or withholding. Payment shall be in the Permitted Currency in which the monies, obligations or liabilities of Guarantor or the Permitted Borrower were due, owing or incurred, including without limitation under Section 2.11 of the Credit Agreement. No payment to Agent (whether under any judgment or court order or otherwise) shall discharge the obligation or liability in respect of which it was made unless and until Agent shall have received payment in full in the currency in which such obligation or liability was due, owing or incurred, including without limitation under Section 2.11 of the Credit Agreement, 6 and to the extent that the amount of such payment shall on actual conversion into such currency fall short of such obligation or liability, actual or contingent, expressed in that currency, Agent shall have a further separate cause of action against Guarantor to recover the amount of the shortfall. If and to the extent Guarantor fails to pay the amount due on demand, Agent may in its absolute discretion without notice to Guarantor purchase at any time thereafter so much of any currency as Agent considers necessary or desirable to cover the obligations and liabilities of the Permitted Borrowers, Guarantor and any of them in such currency hereby guaranteed at the then prevailing spot rate of exchange of Agent (as conclusively determined by Agent) for purchasing such currency with Dollars and Guarantor hereby agrees to indemnify Agent against the full Dollar cost incurred by Agent for such purchase. * * * [SIGNATURES FOLLOW ON SUCCEEDING PAGE] 7 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned Guarantor has executed this Guaranty as of March 2, 1998. VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC. By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Executive Vice President ACCEPTED BY: COMERICA BANK, as Agent, on behalf of the Banks By: /s/ Dan M. Roman ---------------- Dan M. Roman Its: Vice President Signature Page Company Guaranty (Short Term Credit Agreement) 8 EX-10.7 9 DOMESTIC GUARANTY (SHORT TERM) Execution Copy 03/2/98 EXHIBIT G-2 DOMESTIC GUARANTY (SHORT TERM) This GUARANTY is made as of this 2nd day of March, 1998 by the undersigned guarantors (each a "Guarantor" and any and all collectively the "Guarantors") to Comerica Bank, as Administrative Agent ("Agent") for and on behalf of the Lenders (as defined below). RECITALS A. Pursuant to that certain Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of March 2, 1998 (as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Credit Agreement") by and among Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Company"), the Permitted Borrowers subsequently designated therein (by their execution and delivery of a Permitted Borrower Addendum), Agent and the lenders which are named in and signatories to the Credit Agreement ("Lenders"), the Lenders have agreed to extend credit to the Permitted Borrowers and Company on the terms set forth in the Credit Agreement, with such credit consisting of the Revolving Credit in an aggregate amount, subject to the terms of the Credit Agreement, not to exceed Two Hundred Seventy Five Million Dollars ($275,000,000) at any one time outstanding. B. As a condition to entering into and performing their respective obligations under the Agreement, the Lenders, and Agent have required that each of the Guarantors provide to Agent, for and on behalf of the Lenders, this Guaranty. C. Each of the Guarantors desires to see the success of Company and of the Permitted Borrowers and furthermore, each of the Guarantors shall receive direct and/or indirect benefits from extensions of credit made or to be made pursuant to the Credit Agreement to the Company and the Permitted Borrowers. D. Agent is acting as Agent for the Lenders pursuant to Section 12 of the Credit Agreement. NOW, THEREFORE, to induce each of the Lenders to enter into and perform its obligations under the Credit Agreement, each of the Guarantors has executed and delivered this guaranty (as amended and otherwise modified from time to time, "Guaranty"). 1. Definitions. Unless otherwise provided herein, all capitalized terms in this Guaranty shall have the meanings specified in the Credit Agreement. The term "Lenders" as used herein shall include any successors or assigns of the Lenders, in accordance with the Credit Agreement. 1 2. Guaranty. Each of the Guarantors hereby, jointly and severally, guarantees to the Lenders the due and punctual payment to the Lenders when due, whether by acceleration or otherwise, of all amounts, including, without limitation, principal, interest (including interest accruing on or after the filing of any petition in bankruptcy, or the commencement of any insolvency, reorganization or like proceeding by or against Company or any Permitted Borrower, whether or not a claim for post-filing or post-petition interest is allowed in such a proceeding), and all other liabilities and obligations, direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter incurred, which may arise under, out of, or in connection with all Indebtedness under or in connection with the Credit Agreement or the other Loan Documents, whether such Indebtedness is now existing or hereafter arising including but not limited to: (a) the aggregate principal amount of all outstanding Advances under the Credit Agreement together with all interest accrued thereon from time to time pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement; and (b) all extensions, renewals and amendments of or to the Credit Agreement, any Notes issued thereunder, or such other Indebtedness, or any replacements or substitutions therefor; whether on account of principal, interest, reimbursement obligations, fees, indemnities, and reasonable costs and expenses (including without limitation, all reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to the Agent or any Lender) or otherwise, and each of the Guarantors hereby jointly and severally agrees that if Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers shall fail to pay any of such amounts when and as the same shall be due and payable, or shall fail to perform and discharge any covenant, representation or warranty in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement, the Letter of Credit Agreements or any of the other Loan Documents (subject, in each case, to any applicable periods of grace or cure), each of such Guarantors, will forthwith pay to the Agent, on behalf of the Lenders, an amount equal to any such amount or cause the Company and/or each of the Permitted Borrowers, as the case may be to do so, and will pay any and all damages that may be incurred or suffered in consequence thereof by Agent or any of the Lenders and all reasonable expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, that may be incurred by Agent in enforcing such covenant, representation or warranty of Company or the Permitted Borrowers, and in enforcing the covenants and agreements of this Guaranty. 3. Unconditional Character of Guaranty. The obligations of each of the Guarantors under this Guaranty shall be absolute and unconditional, and shall be a guaranty of payment and not of collection, irrespective of the validity, regularity or enforceability of the Credit Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents (including, without limitation, the Company Guaranty), or any provision thereof, the absence of any action to enforce the same, any waiver or consent with respect to or any amendment of any provision thereof, the recovery of any judgment against any Person or action to enforce the same, any failure or delay in the enforcement of the obligations of Company or the Permitted Borrowers or any of them under the Credit Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents, any failure by Company to have countersigned any Request for Advance by any of the Permitted Borrowers under the Credit Agreement, or any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, 2 limitation, defense or termination whether with or without notice to the Guarantors. Each of the Guarantors hereby waives diligence, demand for payment, filing of claims with any court, any proceeding to enforce any provision of the Credit Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, any right to require a proceeding first against Company, any of the Permitted Borrowers, or against any other guarantor or other party providing collateral, or to exhaust any security for the performance of the obligations of Company, any of the Permitted Borrowers, any protest, presentment, notice or demand whatsoever, and each Guarantor hereby covenants that this Guaranty shall not be terminated, discharged or released except, subject to Section 5.7 hereof, upon final payment in full subject to no revocation or rescission of all amounts due and to become due from Company and the Permitted Borrowers as and to the extent described above, and only to the extent of any such payment, performance and discharge. Each Guarantor hereby further covenants that no security now or subsequently held by the Agent or the Lenders for the payment of the Indebtedness to the Agent or to the Lenders under the Credit Agreement or the Loan Documents (including, without limitation, the Company Guaranty, and any security for any of the foregoing), whether in the nature of a security interest, pledge, lien, assignment, setoff, suretyship, guaranty, indemnity, insurance or otherwise, and no act, omission or other conduct of Agent or the Lenders in respect of such security, shall affect in any manner whatsoever the unconditional obligations of this Guaranty, and that the Agent and each of the Lenders, in their respective sole discretion and without notice to any of the Guarantors, may release, exchange, enforce, apply the proceeds of and otherwise deal with any such security without affecting in any manner the unconditional obligations of this Guaranty. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, such obligations, and the rights of the Agent to enforce the same, on behalf of the Lenders, by proceedings, whether by action at law, suit in equity or otherwise, shall not be in any way affected by (i) any insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization, readjustment, composition, dissolution, winding up or other proceeding involving or affecting the Company, any or all of the Permitted Borrowers, any or all of Guarantors or others or (ii) any change in the ownership of any of the capital stock of any or all of the Permitted Borrowers, Company, or any or all of the Guarantors, or any other party providing collateral for any indebtedness covered by Guaranty, or any of their respective Affiliates. Each of the Guarantors hereby waives to the fullest extent possible under applicable law: (a) any defense based upon the doctrine of marshalling of assets or upon an election of remedies by Agent or the Lenders, including, without limitation, an election to proceed by non-judicial rather than judicial foreclosure, which destroys or otherwise impairs the subrogation rights of any of the Guarantors or the rights of any of the Guarantors to proceed against the Company, the Permitted Borrowers or any of them, or any or all of the other Guarantors, for reimbursement, or both; (b) any defense based upon any statute or rule of law which provides that the obligation of a surety must be neither larger in amount nor in other respects more burdensome than that of the principal; 3 (c) any duty on the part of Agent or the Lenders to disclose to any of the Guarantors any facts Agent or the Lenders may now or hereafter know about the Company, any of the Permitted Borrowers, regardless of whether Agent or any Lender has reason to believe that any such facts materially increase the risk beyond that which any such Guarantor intends to assume or has reason to believe that such facts are unknown to such Guarantor or has a reasonable opportunity to communicate such facts to the Guarantors, since each of such Guarantors acknowledges that it is fully responsible for being and keeping informed of the financial condition of the Company, each of the Permitted Borrowers and of all circumstances bearing on the risk of non-payment of any Indebtedness hereby guaranteed; (d) any defense arising because of Agent's or the Lenders' election, in any proceeding instituted under the Federal Bankruptcy Code, of the application of Section 1111(b) (2) of the Federal Bankruptcy Code; (e) until the Indebtedness is irrevocably paid in full, any claim for reimbursement, contribution, indemnity or subrogation which such Guarantor may have or obtain against Company, the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them by reason of the payment by such Guarantor of any Indebtedness; and (f) any other event or action (excluding compliance by the Guarantors with the provisions hereof) that would result in the discharge by operation of law or otherwise of the Guarantors, or any of them, from the performance or observance of any obligation, covenant or agreement contained in this Guaranty. The Agent and each of the Lenders may deal with the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, and any security held by them for the obligations of the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them,(as aforesaid) in the same manner and as freely as if this Guaranty did not exist and the Agent shall be entitled, on behalf of Lenders, without notice to any of the Guarantors, among other things, to grant to the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, such extension or extensions of time to perform any act or acts as may seem advisable to the Agent (on behalf of the Lenders) at any time and from time to time, and to permit the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, to incur additional indebtedness to Agent, the Lenders, or any of them, without terminating, affecting or impairing the validity or enforceability of this Guaranty or the obligations of the Guarantors hereunder. The Agent may proceed, either in its own name (on behalf of the Lenders) or in the name of each or any of the Guarantors, or otherwise, to protect and enforce any or all of its rights under this Guaranty by suit in equity, action at law or by other appropriate proceedings, or to take any action authorized or permitted under applicable law, and shall be entitled to require and enforce the performance of all acts and things required to be performed hereunder by the Guarantors. Each and every remedy of the Agent and of the Lenders shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and shall be in addition to any other remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity. 4 No waiver or release shall be deemed to have been made by the Agent or any of the Lenders of any of their respective rights hereunder unless the same shall be in writing and signed by or on behalf of the Lenders, and any such waiver shall be a waiver or release only with respect to the specific matter and Guarantor or Guarantors involved, and shall in no way impair the rights of the Agent or any of the Lenders or the obligations of the Guarantors under this Guaranty in any other respect at any other time. At the option of the Agent, any or all of the Guarantors may be joined in any action or proceeding commenced by the Agent against the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, or any of the other parties providing collateral for any Indebtedness covered by this Guaranty in connection with or based upon the Credit Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents or other Indebtedness, or any provision thereof, and recovery may be had against any or all of the Guarantors in such action or proceeding or in any independent action or proceeding against any of them, without any requirement that the Agent or the Lenders first assert, prosecute or exhaust any remedy or claim against the Company, the Permitted Borrowers, or any of them, and/or any of the other parties providing collateral for any Indebtedness covered by this Guaranty. 4. Representations and Warranties. Each of the Guarantors (i) ratifies, confirms and, by reference thereto (as fully as though such matters were expressly set forth herein), represents and warrants with respect to itself those matters set forth in Sections 6.1, 6.3 through 6.10 inclusive, 6.12 and 6.14 through 6.20, inclusive, of the Credit Agreement, and such representations and warranties shall be deemed to be continuing representations and warranties true and correct in all material respects so long as this Guaranty shall be in effect; and (ii) agrees not to engage in any action or inaction, the result of which would cause a violation of any term or condition of the Credit Agreement. 5. Miscellaneous. 5.1 Governing Law. This Guaranty has been delivered in Michigan and shall be interpreted and the rights of the parties hereunder shall be determined under the laws of, and be enforceable in, the State of Michigan, each of the Guarantors hereby consenting to the jurisdiction of state and all federal courts sitting in such state. 5.2 Severability. If any term or provision of this Guaranty or the application thereof to any circumstance shall, to any extent, be invalid or unenforceable, the remainder of this Guaranty, or the application of such term or provision to circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each term and provision of this Guaranty shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law. 5.3 Notice. All notices or other communications to be made or given pursuant to this Guaranty shall be sufficient if made or given as provided in Section 13.6 of the Credit Agreement; or at such other addresses as directed by any of such parties to the others, as applicable, in compliance with this paragraph. 5 5.4 Right of Offset. Each of the Guarantors acknowledges the rights of the Agent and of each of the Lenders to offset against the Indebtedness of any Guarantor to the Lenders under this Guaranty, any amount owing by the Agent or the Lenders, or either or any of them to such Guarantors, whether represented by any deposit of such Guarantors (or any of them) with the Agent or any of the Lenders or otherwise. 5.5 Right to Cure. Each of the Guarantors shall have the right to cure any Event of Default under the Credit Agreement or the other Loan Documents with respect to obligations of the other Guarantors thereunder; provided that such cure is effected within the applicable grace period or period for cure thereunder, if any; and provided further that such cure can be effected in compliance with the Credit Agreement (with respect to the obligations of any of the Permitted Borrowers). Except to the extent of payments of principal, interest and/or other sums actually received by the Agent or the Lenders pursuant to such cure, the exercise of such right to cure by any Guarantor shall not reduce or otherwise affect the liability of any other Guarantor under this Guaranty. 5.6 Amendments; Joinder of Additional Guarantors. The terms of this Guaranty may not be waived, altered, modified, amended, supplemented or terminated in any manner whatsoever except as provided herein and in accordance with the Credit Agreement. In accordance with Section 7.16 of the Credit Agreement, future Domestic Significant Subsidiaries of the Company shall become obligated as Guarantors hereunder (each as fully as though an original signatory hereto) by executing and delivering to Agent and the Lenders that certain joinder agreement in the form attached to this Guaranty as Exhibit A. 5.7 Joint and Several Obligation, etc. The obligation of each of the Guarantors under this Guaranty shall be several and also joint, each with all and also each with any one or more of the others, and may be enforced against each severally, any two or more jointly, or some severally and some jointly. Any one or more of the Guarantors may be released from its obligations hereunder with or without consideration for such release and the obligations of the other Guarantors hereunder shall be in no way affected thereby. Agent, on behalf of Lenders, may fail or elect not to prove a claim against any bankrupt or insolvent Guarantor and thereafter, Agent and the Lender may, without notice to any Guarantors, extend or renew any part or all of any indebtedness of any of Company or any of the Permitted Borrowers under the Credit Agreement or otherwise, and may permit any such Person to incur additional indebtedness, without affecting in any manner the unconditional obligation of each of the Guarantors hereunder. Such action shall not affect any right of contribution among the Guarantors. 5.8 Release. Upon the satisfaction of the obligations of the Guarantors hereunder, and when none of the Guarantors is subject to any obligation hereunder or under the Credit Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, the Agent shall deliver to the Guarantors, upon written request therefor, (i) a written release of this Guaranty and (ii) appropriate discharges of any Collateral provided by the Guarantors for this Guaranty; provided however that, the effectiveness of this Guaranty shall continue or be reinstated, as the case may be, in the event: (x) that any payment received or Credit given by the Agent or the Lenders, or any of them, is returned, disgorged, 6 rescinded or required to be recontributed to any party as an avoidable preference, impermissible setoff, fraudulent conveyance, restoration of capital or otherwise under any applicable state, federal or national law of any jurisdiction, including laws pertaining to bankruptcy or insolvency, and this Guaranty shall thereafter be enforceable against the Guarantors as if such returned, disgorged, recontributed or rescinded payment or Credit has not been received or given by the Agent or the Lenders, and whether or not the Agent or any Lender relied upon such payment or Credit or changed its position as a consequence thereof or (y) that any liability is imposed, or sought to be imposed against the Agent or the Lenders, or any of them, relating to the environmental condition of any of property mortgaged or pledged to Agent on behalf of the Lenders by any Guarantor, Company, any Permitted Borrower or any other party as collateral (in whole or part) for any indebtedness or obligation evidenced or secured by this Guaranty, whether such condition is known or unknown, now exists or subsequently arises (excluding only conditions which arise after acquisition by Agent or any Lender of any such property, in lieu of foreclosure or otherwise, due to the wrongful act or omission of Agent or such Lender) in which event this Guaranty shall thereafter be enforceable against the Guarantors to the extent of all liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys fees) incurred by Agent or Lenders as the direct or indirect result of any such environmental condition. For purposes of this Guaranty "environmental condition" includes, without limitation, conditions existing with respect to the surface or ground water, drinking water supply, land surface or subsurface strata and the ambient air. 5.9 Consent to Jurisdiction. Each of the Guarantors hereby irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of any United States Federal or Michigan state court sitting in Detroit in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Guaranty or any of the other Loan Documents and Guarantors hereby irrevocably agree that all claims in respect of such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in any such United States Federal or Michigan state court. Each of the Guarantors irrevocably consent to the service of any and all process in any such action or proceeding brought in any court in or of the State of Michigan (and to the receipt of any and all notices hereunder) by the delivery of copies of such process to Guarantors at their respective addresses specified in Section 5.3 hereof or by certified mail direct to such address. 5.10 JURY TRIAL WAIVER. EACH OF THE GUARANTORS (AND THE AGENT AND EACH OF THE LENDERS BY ACCEPTING THE BENEFITS HEREOF) HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AGREES TO WAIVE THE RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY WITH RESPECT TO ANY AND ALL ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS IN WHICH AGENT OR THE LENDERS (OR ANY OF THEM), ON ONE HAND, AND THE COMPANY OR ANY OF THE GUARANTORS, ON THE OTHER HAND, ARE PARTIES, WHETHER OR NOT SUCH ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS ARISE OUT OF THIS GUARANTY OR THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS OR OTHERWISE. 5.11 Limitation under Applicable Insolvency Laws. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, it is the intention of the Guarantors, Agent and the Lenders that the amount of the respective Guarantors' obligations hereunder shall be in, but not in excess of, the maximum amount thereof not subject to avoidance or recovery by operation of applicable law governing bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment of debts, relief of debtors, 7 dissolution, insolvency, fraudulent transfers or conveyances or other similar laws (collectively, "Applicable Insolvency Laws"). To that end, but only in the event and to the extent that the Guarantors' respective obligations hereunder or any payment made pursuant thereto would, but for the operation of the foregoing proviso, be subject to avoidance or recovery under Applicable Insolvency Laws, the amount of the Guarantors' respective obligations hereunder shall be limited to the largest amount which, after giving effect thereto, would not, under Applicable Insolvency Laws, render the Guarantor's respective obligations hereunder unenforceable or avoidable or subject to recovery under Applicable Insolvency Laws. To the extent any payment actually made hereunder exceeds the limitation contained in this Section 5.11, then the amount of such excess shall, from and after the time of payment by the Guarantors (or any of them), be reimbursed by the Lenders upon demand by such Guarantors. The foregoing proviso is intended solely to preserve the rights of the Agent and the Lenders hereunder against the Guarantors to the maximum extent permitted by Applicable Insolvency Laws and neither Company nor any Guarantor nor any other Person shall have any right or claim under this Section 5.11 that would not otherwise be available under Applicable Insolvency Laws. 5.12 Currency Indemnity. All amounts payable by any Guarantor under this Guaranty shall be paid to Agent at its main office in Detroit, Michigan, or otherwise as it may from time to time direct, in full free of any present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees or withholdings and without set-off or counterclaim or any restriction or deduction whatsoever. If any Guarantor is compelled by law to make any deduction or withholding, it will promptly pay to Agent such additional amounts as will result in the net amount received by Agent being equal to the full amount which would have been receivable had there been no deduction or withholding. Payment shall be in the Permitted Currency in which the monies, obligations or liabilities of such Guarantor or the Permitted Borrower were due, owing or incurred, including without limitation under Section 2.11 of the Credit Agreement. No payment to Agent (whether under any judgment or court order or otherwise) shall discharge the obligation or liability in respect of which it was made unless and until Agent shall have received payment in full in the currency in which such obligation or liability was due, owing or incurred, including without limitation under Section 2.11 of the Credit Agreement, and to the extent that the amount of such payment shall on actual conversion into such currency fall short of such obligation or liability, actual or contingent, expressed in that currency, Agent shall have a further separate cause of action against such Guarantor to recover the amount of the shortfall. If and to the extent such Guarantor fails to pay the amount due on demand, Agent may in its absolute discretion without notice to such Guarantor purchase at any time thereafter so much of any currency as Agent considers necessary or desirable to cover the obligations and liabilities of the Permitted Borrowers, Guarantors and any of them in such currency hereby guaranteed at the then prevailing spot rate of exchange of Agent (as conclusively determined by Agent) for purchasing such currency with Dollars and each of the Guarantors hereby agrees to indemnify Agent against the full Dollar cost incurred by Agent for such purchase. [SIGNATURES FOLLOW ON SUCCEEDING PAGES] 8 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the undersigned Guarantors has executed this Guaranty as of March 2, 1998. VISHAY MEASUREMENTS GROUP, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY DALE HOLDINGS, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY DALE ELECTRONICS, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President Signature Page Domestic Guaranty (Short Term Credit Agreement) BRADFORD ELECTRONICS, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY SPRAGUE HOLDINGS CORP. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY SERVICE CENTER, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY SPRAGUE, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President Signature Page Domestic Guaranty (Short Term Credit Agreement) VISHAY SPRAGUE SANFORD, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY SPRAGUE PALM BEACH, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY ACQUISITION HOLDINGS CORP. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY VITRAMON, INCORPORATED By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President Signature Page Domestic Guaranty (Short Term Credit Agreement) VISHAY TEMIC SEMICONDUCTOR ACQUISITION HOLDINGS CORP. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY VSH HOLDINGS, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President VISHAY ROEDERSTEIN ELECTRONICS, INC. By: /s/ William J. Spires --------------------- William J. Spires Its: Vice President ACCEPTED BY: COMERICA BANK, as Administrative Agent, on behalf of the Lenders By: /s/ Dan M. Roman -------------------- Dan M. Roman Its: Vice President Signature Page Domestic Guaranty (Short Term Credit Agreement) EXHIBIT A to Domestic Guaranty Joinder Agreement THIS JOINDER AGREEMENT is dated as of _________________, ____ by __________________________, a ______________________ corporation ("New Guarantor"). WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 7.16 of that certain Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Short Term Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of _____________, 1998 (as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Credit Agreement") by and among Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. ("Company"), the Permitted Borrowers subsequently designated therein (by execution and delivery of a Permitted Borrower Addendum), the Lenders signatory thereto and Comerica Bank, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, "Agent"), and pursuant to Section 5.6 that certain Domestic Guaranty dated as of ______________, 1998 (as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Guaranty") executed and delivered by the Guarantors named therein ("Guarantors") in favor of Agent, for and on behalf of the Lenders, the New Guarantor must execute and deliver a Joinder Agreement in accordance with the Credit Agreement and the Guaranty. NOW THEREFORE, as a further inducement to Lenders to continue to provide Credit accommodations to Company and the Permitted Borrowers (as defined in the Credit Agreement), New Guarantor hereby covenants and agrees as follows: 1. All capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Credit Agreement unless expressly defined to the contrary. 2. New Guarantor hereby enters into this Joinder Agreement in order to comply with Section 7.16 of the Credit Agreement and Section 5.6 of the Guaranty and does so in consideration of the Advances made or to be made from time to time under the Credit Agreement (and the other Loan Documents, as defined in the Credit Agreement), from which New Guarantor shall derive direct and indirect benefit as with the other Guarantors (all as set forth and on the same basis as in the Guaranty). 3. New Guarantor shall be considered, and deemed to be, for all purposes of the Credit Agreement, the Guaranty and the other Loan Documents, a Guarantor under the Guaranty as fully as though New Guarantor had executed and delivered the Guaranty at the time originally executed and delivered under the Credit Agreement and hereby ratifies and confirms its obligations under the Guaranty, all in accordance with the terms thereof. 1 4. No Default or Event of Default (each such term being defined in the Credit Agreement) has occurred and is continuing under the Credit Agreement. 5. This Joinder Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Michigan and shall be binding upon New Guarantor and its successors and assigns. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned New Guarantor has executed and delivered this Joinder Agreement as of __________________, _____. [NEW GUARANTOR] By:_________________ Its:________________ 2 EX-10.8 10 PERMITTED BORROWER ADDENDUM PERMITTED BORROWER ADDENDUM (PAMELA Verwaltungsgesellschaft GmbH) THIS PERMITTED BORROWER ADDENDUM is dated as of March 2, 1998 by Pamela Verwaltungsgesellschaft GmbH, a company organized under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany ("New Permitted Borrower"). WHEREAS, the New Permitted Borrower is a Foreign Significant Subsidiary of Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. (the "Company"); and WHEREAS, the New Permitted Borrower desires to become a party to that certain Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of March 2, 1998 (as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Credit Agreement") by and among the Company, the Permitted Borrowers signatory thereto (by execution and delivery of the Credit Agreement or of a Permitted Borrower Addendum), the Lenders signatory thereto and Comerica Bank, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, "Agent"), and to receive all the benefits of and to become subject to the obligations thereof; and WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 2.1 or 7.16, as the case may be, of the Credit Agreement, the New Permitted Borrower must execute and deliver a Permitted Borrower Addendum in accordance with the Credit Agreement. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the benefits to be derived by the Permitted Borrower under the Credit Agreement and other valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the New Permitted Borrower agrees as follows: 1. Capitalized terms used in the opening paragraph, the recitals and as otherwise used herein and not defined have the same meanings assigned to such terms in the Credit Agreement. 2. Upon its execution, this Addendum is made a part of the Credit Agreement for all purposes, and the New Permitted Borrower shall be and become a party to the Credit Agreement and shall without any further actions or conditions have all the rights and become subject to all the obligations of a Permitted Borrower thereunder. 3. The New Permitted Borrower (a) represents and warrants that it is legally authorized to enter into this Addendum, (b) confirms that it has received copies of the Credit Agreement, the other Loan Documents and all related documents, and that on the basis of its review and analysis of this information has decided to enter into this Permitted Borrower Addendum, (c) confirms that it is a Subsidiary of Company, (d) adopts by reference thereto all of the representations and warranties applicable to it as set forth in the Credit Agreement as fully and with the same force and effect as though each such representation and warranty were set forth in its entirety in the Permitted 1 Borrower Addendum confirms and agrees that it shall perform each and every covenant applicable to it as a Permitted Borrower as provided in the Credit Agreement and that it will at all times be in compliance with the terms of the Credit Agreement, the other Loan Documents and all of the obligations and covenants set forth therein to the same extent as though each and every such agreement and covenant were set forth in their entirety in this Permitted Borrower Addendum required to be performed by it as a Permitted Borrower thereunder. 4. New Permitted Borrower shall be considered, and deemed to be, for all purposes of the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents, a Permitted Borrower under the Credit Agreement as fully as though New Permitted Borrower had executed and delivered the Credit Agreement at the time originally executed and delivered by the Company and hereby ratifies and confirms its obligations under the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents, all in accordance with the terms thereof. 5. New Permitted Borrower shall concurrently herewith execute and deliver the applicable Guaranty and (if applicable) a Pledge Agreement. 6. No Default or Event of Default (each such term being defined in the Credit Agreement) has occurred and is continuing under the Credit Agreement. 7. This Permitted Borrower Addendum shall not become effective until the New Permitted Borrower has complied with all of the terms and conditions of Section 2.1 or 7.16 of the Credit Agreement, as the case may be. 8. This Permitted Borrower Addendum shall be governed by the laws of the State of Michigan and shall be binding upon New Permitted Borrower and its successors and assigns. * * * [SIGNATURES FOLLOW ON SUCCEEDING PAGES] 2 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned New Permitted Borrower has executed and delivered this Permitted Borrower Addendum as of the date first above written. PAMELA VERWALTUNGSGESELLSCHAFT GMBH By: /s/ Avi D. Eden -------------------- Avi D. Eden Its: Managing Director Acknowledged and approved as of date first set forth above COMERICA BANK, as Agent By: /s/ Dan M. Roman ---------------- Dan M. Roman Its: Vice President 3 EX-10.9 11 PERMITTED BORROWER ADDENDUM PERMITTED BORROWER ADDENDUM (Vishay Electronic GmbH) THIS PERMITTED BORROWER ADDENDUM is dated as of March 2, 1998 by Vishay Electronic GmbH, a company organized under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany ("New Permitted Borrower"). WHEREAS, the New Permitted Borrower is a Foreign Significant Subsidiary of Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. (the "Company"); and WHEREAS, the New Permitted Borrower desires to become a party to that certain Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of March 2, 1998 (as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Credit Agreement") by and among the Company, the Permitted Borrowers signatory thereto (by execution and delivery of the Credit Agreement or of a Permitted Borrower Addendum), the Lenders signatory thereto and Comerica Bank, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, "Agent"), and to receive all the benefits of and to become subject to the obligations thereof; and WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 2.1 or 7.16, as the case may be, of the Credit Agreement, the New Permitted Borrower must execute and deliver a Permitted Borrower Addendum in accordance with the Credit Agreement. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the benefits to be derived by the Permitted Borrower under the Credit Agreement and other valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the New Permitted Borrower agrees as follows: 1. Capitalized terms used in the opening paragraph, the recitals and as otherwise used herein and not defined have the same meanings assigned to such terms in the Credit Agreement. 2. Upon its execution, this Addendum is made a part of the Credit Agreement for all purposes, and the New Permitted Borrower shall be and become a party to the Credit Agreement and shall without any further actions or conditions have all the rights and become subject to all the obligations of a Permitted Borrower thereunder. 3. The New Permitted Borrower (a) represents and warrants that it is legally authorized to enter into this Addendum, (b) confirms that it has received copies of the Credit Agreement, the other Loan Documents and all related documents, and that on the basis of its review and analysis of this information has decided to enter into this Permitted Borrower Addendum, (c) confirms that it is a Subsidiary of Company, (d) adopts by reference thereto all of the representations and warranties applicable to it as set forth in the Credit Agreement as fully and with the same force and effect as though each such representation and warranty were set forth in its entirety in the Permitted 1 Borrower Addendum confirms and agrees that it shall perform each and every covenant applicable to it as a Permitted Borrower as provided in the Credit Agreement and that it will at all times be in compliance with the terms of the Credit Agreement, the other Loan Documents and all of the obligations and covenants set forth therein to the same extent as though each and every such agreement and covenant were set forth in their entirety in this Permitted Borrower Addendum required to be performed by it as a Permitted Borrower thereunder. 4. New Permitted Borrower shall be considered, and deemed to be, for all purposes of the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents, a Permitted Borrower under the Credit Agreement as fully as though New Permitted Borrower had executed and delivered the Credit Agreement at the time originally executed and delivered by the Company and hereby ratifies and confirms its obligations under the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents, all in accordance with the terms thereof. 5. New Permitted Borrower shall concurrently herewith execute and deliver the applicable Guaranty and (if applicable) a Pledge Agreement. 6. No Default or Event of Default (each such term being defined in the Credit Agreement) has occurred and is continuing under the Credit Agreement. 7. This Permitted Borrower Addendum shall not become effective until the New Permitted Borrower has complied with all of the terms and conditions of Section 2.1 or 7.16 of the Credit Agreement, as the case may be. 8. This Permitted Borrower Addendum shall be governed by the laws of the State of Michigan and shall be binding upon New Permitted Borrower and its successors and assigns. * * * [SIGNATURES FOLLOW ON SUCCEEDING PAGES] 2 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned New Permitted Borrower has executed and delivered this Permitted Borrower Addendum as of the date first above written. VISHAY ELECTRONIC GMBH By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Executive Vice President Acknowledged and approved as of date first set forth above COMERICA BANK, as Agent By: /s/ Dan M. Roman ---------------- Dan M. Roman Its: Vice President 3 EX-10.10 12 PERMITTED BORROWER ADDENDUM PERMITTED BORROWER ADDENDUM (Vishay Europe GmbH) THIS PERMITTED BORROWER ADDENDUM is dated as of March 2, 1998 by Vishay Europe GmbH, a company organized under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany ("New Permitted Borrower"). WHEREAS, the New Permitted Borrower is a Foreign Significant Subsidiary of Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. (the "Company"); and WHEREAS, the New Permitted Borrower desires to become a party to that certain Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Long Term Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of March 2, 1998 (as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Credit Agreement") by and among the Company, the Permitted Borrowers signatory thereto (by execution and delivery of the Credit Agreement or of a Permitted Borrower Addendum), the Lenders signatory thereto and Comerica Bank, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, "Agent"), and to receive all the benefits of and to become subject to the obligations thereof; and WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 2.1 or 7.16, as the case may be, of the Credit Agreement, the New Permitted Borrower must execute and deliver a Permitted Borrower Addendum in accordance with the Credit Agreement. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the benefits to be derived by the Permitted Borrower under the Credit Agreement and other valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the New Permitted Borrower agrees as follows: 1. Capitalized terms used in the opening paragraph, the recitals and as otherwise used herein and not defined have the same meanings assigned to such terms in the Credit Agreement. 2. Upon its execution, this Addendum is made a part of the Credit Agreement for all purposes, and the New Permitted Borrower shall be and become a party to the Credit Agreement and shall without any further actions or conditions have all the rights and become subject to all the obligations of a Permitted Borrower thereunder. 3. The New Permitted Borrower (a) represents and warrants that it is legally authorized to enter into this Addendum, (b) confirms that it has received copies of the Credit Agreement, the other Loan Documents and all related documents, and that on the basis of its review and analysis of this information has decided to enter into this Permitted Borrower Addendum, (c) confirms that it is a Subsidiary of Company, (d) adopts by reference thereto all of the representations and warranties applicable to it as set forth in the Credit Agreement as fully and with the same force and effect as though each such representation and warranty were set forth in its entirety in the Permitted 1 Borrower Addendum confirms and agrees that it shall perform each and every covenant applicable to it as a Permitted Borrower as provided in the Credit Agreement and that it will at all times be in compliance with the terms of the Credit Agreement, the other Loan Documents and all of the obligations and covenants set forth therein to the same extent as though each and every such agreement and covenant were set forth in their entirety in this Permitted Borrower Addendum required to be performed by it as a Permitted Borrower thereunder. 4. New Permitted Borrower shall be considered, and deemed to be, for all purposes of the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents, a Permitted Borrower under the Credit Agreement as fully as though New Permitted Borrower had executed and delivered the Credit Agreement at the time originally executed and delivered by the Company and hereby ratifies and confirms its obligations under the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents, all in accordance with the terms thereof. 5. New Permitted Borrower shall concurrently herewith execute and deliver the applicable Guaranty and (if applicable) a Pledge Agreement. 6. No Default or Event of Default (each such term being defined in the Credit Agreement) has occurred and is continuing under the Credit Agreement. 7. This Permitted Borrower Addendum shall not become effective until the New Permitted Borrower has complied with all of the terms and conditions of Section 2.1 or 7.16 of the Credit Agreement, as the case may be. 8. This Permitted Borrower Addendum shall be governed by the laws of the State of Michigan and shall be binding upon New Permitted Borrower and its successors and assigns. * * * [SIGNATURES FOLLOW ON SUCCEEDING PAGES] 2 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned New Permitted Borrower has executed and delivered this Permitted Borrower Addendum as of the date first above written. VISHAY EUROPE GMBH By: /s/ Richard N. Grubb -------------------- Richard N. Grubb Its: Executive Vice President ACCEPTED BY: COMERICA BANK, as Agent, on behalf of the Banks By: /s/ Dan M. Roman ---------------- Dan M. Roman Its: Vice President 3 -----END PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE-----