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Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Retirement Plan amounts recorded on consolidated balance sheets
The following table summarizes amounts recorded on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets associated with these various retirement benefit plans:

  
December 31,
 
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
      
Included in "Other assets":
      
Non-U.S. pension plans
 
$
356
  
$
347
 
Total included in other assets
 
$
356
  
$
347
 
Included in "Payroll and related expenses":
        
U.S. pension plans
 
$
(35
)
 
$
(37
)
Non-U.S. pension plans
  
(7,228
)
  
(7,308
)
U.S. other postretirement plans
  
(703
)
  
(705
)
Non-U.S. other postretirement plans
  
(181
)
  
(453
)
Total included in payroll and related expenses
 
$
(8,147
)
 
$
(8,503
)
Accrued pension and other postretirement costs:
        
U.S. pension plans
 
$
(38,134
)
 
$
(39,880
)
Non-U.S. pension plans
  
(194,266
)
  
(213,596
)
U.S. other postretirement plans
  
(6,291
)
  
(6,928
)
Non-U.S. other postretirement plans
  
(7,772
)
  
(7,445
)
Other retirement obligations
  
(14,521
)
  
(13,852
)
Total accrued pension and other postretirement costs
 
$
(260,984
)
 
$
(281,701
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:
        
U.S. pension plans
 
$
5,501
  
$
7,731
 
Non-U.S. pension plans
  
76,698
   
88,398
 
U.S. other postretirement plans
  
(1,257
)
  
(1,101
)
Non-U.S. other postretirement plans
  
2,044
   
1,916
 
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss*
 
$
82,986
  
$
96,944
 

* - Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss are presented in this table pre-tax.
Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member]  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Reconciliation of benefit obligation, plan assets, and funded status
The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the benefit obligation, plan assets, and funded status related to U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans:

 
 
December 31, 2018
  
December 31, 2017
 
 
 
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
 
             
Change in benefit obligation:
            
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
 
$
39,917
  
$
291,162
  
$
38,914
  
$
266,427
 
Service cost
  
-
   
3,822
   
-
   
3,725
 
Interest cost
  
1,484
   
4,793
   
1,643
   
4,866
 
Plan amendments
  
-
   
125
   
-
   
686
 
Actuarial (gains) losses
  
(1,431
)
  
(1,311
)
  
1,149
   
3,019
 
Benefits paid
  
(1,801
)
  
(14,397
)
  
(1,789
)
  
(17,921
)
Currency translation
  
-
   
(12,236
)
  
-
   
30,360
 
Benefit obligation at end of year
 
$
38,169
  
$
271,958
  
$
39,917
  
$
291,162
 
                 
Change in plan assets:
                
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
 
$
-
  
$
70,605
  
$
-
   
66,090
 
Actual return on plan assets
  
-
   
1,412
   
-
   
1,608
 
Company contributions
  
1,801
   
16,105
   
1,789
   
16,120
 
Benefits paid
  
(1,801
)
  
(14,397
)
  
(1,789
)
  
(17,921
)
Currency translation
  
-
   
(2,905
)
  
-
   
4,708
 
Fair value of plan assets at end of year
 
$
-
  
$
70,820
  
$
-
  
$
70,605
 
                 
Funded status at end of year
 
$
(38,169
)
 
$
(201,138
)
 
$
(39,917
)
 
$
(220,557
)
Amounts recognized in consolidated balance sheet
Amounts recognized on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets consist of the following:

  
December 31, 2018
  
December 31, 2017
 
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
 
             
Other assets
 
$
-
  
$
356
  
$
-
  
$
347
 
Accrued benefit liability - current
  
(35
)
  
(7,228
)
  
(37
)
  
(7,308
)
Accrued benefit liability - non-current
  
(38,134
)
  
(194,266
)
  
(39,880
)
  
(213,596
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
  
5,501
   
76,698
   
7,731
   
88,398
 
 
 
$
(32,668
)
 
$
(124,440
)
 
$
(32,186
)
 
$
(132,159
)
Components of actuarial items
Note 11 – Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits (continued)

Actuarial items consist of the following:

 
 
December 31, 2018
  
December 31, 2017
 
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
 
             
Unrecognized net actuarial loss
 
$
4,717
  
$
76,254
  
$
6,804
  
$
87,896
 
Unamortized prior service cost
  
784
   
444
   
927
   
502
 
 
 
$
5,501
  
$
76,698
  
$
7,731
  
$
88,398
 
Projected and accumulated benefit obligations
The following table sets forth additional information regarding the projected and accumulated benefit obligations:

 
 
December 31, 2018
  
December 31, 2017
 
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
 
             
Accumulated benefit obligation, all plans
 
$
38,169
  
$
258,244
  
$
39,917
  
$
270,914
 
                 
Plans for which the accumulated benefit obligation exceeds plan assets:
                
Projected benefit obligation
 
$
38,169
  
$
247,066
  
$
39,917
  
$
277,615
 
Accumulated benefit obligation
  
38,169
   
235,167
   
39,917
   
262,779
 
Fair value of plan assets
  
-
   
45,818
   
-
   
57,727
 
Components of the net periodic benefit costs
The following table sets forth the components of net periodic pension cost:

 
 
Years ended December 31,
 
 
 
2018
  
2017
  
2016
 
 
 
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
 
                   
Service cost net of employee contributions
 
$
-
  
$
3,822
  
$
-
  
$
3,725
  
$
-
  
$
3,291
 
Interest cost
  
1,484
   
4,793
   
1,643
   
4,866
   
11,788
   
5,475
 
Expected return on plan assets
  
-
   
(1,889
)
  
-
   
(2,072
)
  
(11,302
)
  
(2,117
)
Amortization of actuarial losses
  
656
   
6,196
   
587
   
6,179
   
6,513
   
4,733
 
Amortization of prior service cost (credit)
  
144
   
318
   
144
   
150
   
144
   
261
 
Curtailment and settlement losses
  
-
   
1,111
   
-
   
1,360
   
79,321
   
841
 
Net periodic pension cost
 
$
2,284
  
$
14,351
  
$
2,374
  
$
14,208
  
$
86,464
  
$
12,484
 
Weighted average assumptions used
The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine benefit obligations at December 31 of the respective years:

 
 
2018
  
2017
 
  
U.S. Plans
  
Non-U.S. Plans
  
U.S. Plans
  
Non-U.S. Plans
 
Discount rate
  
4.50
%
  
1.96
%
  
3.75
%
  
1.80
%
Rate of compensation increase
  
0.00
%
  
2.17
%
  
0.00
%
  
2.10
%

The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic pension costs:

 
 
Years ended December 31,
 
 
 
2018
  
2017
 
 
 
 
U.S. Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
  
U.S. Plans
  
Non-U.S. Plans
 
Discount rate
  
3.75
%
  
1.80
%
  
4.25
%
  
1.76
%
Rate of compensation increase
  
0.00
%
  
2.10
%
  
0.00
%
  
2.12
%
Expected return on plan assets
  
0.00
%
  
2.95
%
  
0.00
%
  
2.90
%
Estimated future benefit payments
Estimated future benefit payments are as follows:

  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
 
       
2019
 
$
1,859
  
$
18,612
 
2020
  
1,829
   
15,113
 
2021
  
8,364
   
15,319
 
2022
  
3,153
   
17,300
 
2023
  
3,159
   
16,327
 
2024-2028
  
17,122
   
81,505
 
Other Postretirement Benefits [Member]  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Reconciliation of benefit obligation, plan assets, and funded status
The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the benefit obligation, plan assets, and accrued benefit cost related to U.S. and non-U.S. non-pension defined benefit postretirement plans:

 
 
December 31, 2018
  
December 31, 2017
 
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S. Plans
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S. Plans
 
             
Change in benefit obligation:
            
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
 
$
7,633
  
$
7,898
  
$
7,647
  
$
6,625
 
Service cost
  
137
   
288
   
131
   
273
 
Interest cost
  
273
   
114
   
311
   
103
 
Actuarial (gains) losses
  
(344
)
  
327
   
257
   
312
 
Benefits paid
  
(705
)
  
(303
)
  
(713
)
  
(349
)
Currency translation
  
-
   
(371
)
  
-
   
934
 
Benefit obligation at end of year
 
$
6,994
  
$
7,953
  
$
7,633
  
$
7,898
 
                 
Fair value of plan assets at end of year
 
$
-
  
$
-
  
$
-
  
$
-
 
                 
Funded status at end of year
 
$
(6,994
)
 
$
(7,953
)
 
$
(7,633
)
 
$
(7,898
)
Amounts recognized in consolidated balance sheet
Amounts recognized on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets consist of the following:

 
 
December 31, 2018
  
December 31, 2017
 
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S. Plans
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
 
             
Accrued benefit liability - current
 
$
(703
)
 
$
(181
)
 
$
(705
)
 
$
(453
)
Accrued benefit liability - non-current
  
(6,291
)
  
(7,772
)
  
(6,928
)
  
(7,445
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income
  
(1,257
)
  
2,044
   
(1,101
)
  
1,916
 
 
 
$
(8,251
)
 
$
(5,909
)
 
$
(8,734
)
 
$
(5,982
)
Components of actuarial items
Note 11 – Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits (continued)

Actuarial items consist of the following:

 
 
December 31, 2018
  
December 31, 2017
 
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S. Plans
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S. Plans
 
             
Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)
 
$
(1,257
)
 
$
2,044
  
$
(953
)
 
$
1,916
 
Unamortized prior service (credit) cost
  
-
   
-
   
(148
)
  
-
 
 
 
$
(1,257
)
 
$
2,044
  
$
(1,101
)
 
$
1,916
 
Components of the net periodic benefit costs
The following table sets forth the components of net periodic benefit cost:

 
 
Years ended December 31,
 
 
 
2018
  
2017
  
2016
 
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
 
                   
Service cost
 
$
137
  
$
288
  
$
131
  
$
273
  
$
126
  
$
268
 
Interest cost
  
273
   
114
   
311
   
103
   
340
   
143
 
Amortization of actuarial (gains) losses
  
(39
)
  
105
   
(93
)
  
76
   
(30
)
  
68
 
Amortization of prior service credit
  
(148
)
  
-
   
(837
)
  
-
   
(837
)
  
-
 
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
 
$
223
  
$
507
  
$
(488
)
 
$
452
  
$
(401
)
 
$
479
 
Weighted average assumptions used

The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine benefit obligations at December 31 of the respective years:

 
 
2018
  
2017
 
 
 
 
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
 
             
Discount rate
  
4.50
%
  
1.60
%
  
3.75
%
  
1.50
%
Rate of compensation increase
  
0.00
%
  
3.18
%
  
0.00
%
  
2.88
%

The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic benefit costs:

 
 
Years ended December 31,
 
 
 
2018
  
2017
 
 
 
 
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
 
             
Discount rate
  
3.75
%
  
1.50
%
  
4.25
%
  
1.50
%
Rate of compensation increase
  
0.00
%
  
2.88
%
  
0.00
%
  
2.58
%
Estimated future benefit payments
Note 11 – Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits (continued)

Estimated future benefit payments are as follows:

  
U.S.
Plans
  
Non-U.S.
Plans
 
       
2019
 
$
703
  
$
181
 
2020
  
671
   
387
 
2021
  
661
   
337
 
2022
  
633
   
776
 
2023
  
294
   
281
 
2024-2028
  
2,244
   
3,183