Note 20 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

As a result of a review of the financial results and outlook for the MOSFETs segment following the completion of production transfers, Vishay determined that an interim indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment test was required for its Siliconix tradenames as of the end of the third fiscal quarter of 2016.

As a result of this analysis, the Company determined that its Siliconix tradenames, with a carrying value of $20,359, were impaired. The Company recorded an impairment charge of $1,559 to write-down the tradenames to their fair value. The tradenames are no longer considered indefinite-lived and the remaining value is being amortized over 10 years, which was the estimated remaining useful life.

The fair value of indefinite-lived trademarks is measured as the discounted cash flow savings realized from owning such tradenames and not having to pay a royalty for their use. The evaluation of the fair value of indefinite-lived trademarks requires us to make significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions primarily include, but are not limited to: the assumed market-royalty rate; the discount rate; terminal growth rates; and forecasts of revenue.

Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making these estimates, actual financial results could differ from those estimates. Changes in assumptions concerning future financial results or other underlying assumptions could have a significant impact on the conclusion that an indefinite-lived asset is not impaired, or the determination of any impairment charge if it was determined that the asset values were indeed impaired.

The Company performs its annual goodwill and indefinite-lived impairment tests as of the first day of the fiscal fourth quarter. The interim impairment test performed as the last day of the third fiscal quarter of 2016, was effectively the annual impairment test for 2016. No impairment was identified as a result of the Company's annual impairment tests for 2018 and 2017. The Company has no remaining indefinite-lived intangible assets.

The recorded impairment charges are noncash in nature and do not affect Vishay's liquidity, cash flows from operating activities, or debt covenants, and will not have a material impact on future operations.

Note 20 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (continued)

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 were as follows:

	Optoelectronic Components		Resistors & Inductors			Total

Balance at January 1, 2017	$	96,849	$	44,558		$	141,407
Exchange rate effects		-		1,335			1,335
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	96,849		45,893			142,742
UltraSource acquisition		-		4,227			4,227
EuroPower acquisition		-		1,068			1,068
Exchange rate effects		-		(557	)		(557	)
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	96,849	$	50,631		$	147,480

Other intangible assets are as follows:

	December 31, 2018			December 31, 2017

Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Patents and acquired technology	$	32,854		$	71,596
Capitalized software		53,218			54,325
Customer relationships		59,119			63,655
Tradenames		23,041			55,272
Non-competition agreements		-			606
		168,232			245,454
Accumulated amortization:
Patents and acquired technology		(26,469	)		(63,868	)
Capitalized software		(49,288	)		(50,246	)
Customer relationships		(19,958	)		(26,622	)
Tradenames		(6,829	)		(34,378	)
Non-competition agreements		-			(586	)
		(102,544	)		(175,700	)
Net Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization	$	65,688		$	69,754

Amortization expense (excluding capitalized software) was $11,807, $14,263, and $14,842, for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.

Estimated annual amortization expense of intangible assets on the balance sheet at December 31, 2018 for each of the next five years is as follows:

2019	$	8,424
2020		7,433
2021		6,543
2022		5,891
2023		5,668