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Fair Value
9 Months Ended
Sep. 25, 2011
Fair Value 
Fair Value

Note 5 – Fair Value

Fair Value of Financial Instruments. In accordance with the requirements of the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC), the company groups its financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:

 

   

Level 1 – Valuation is based upon quoted market price for identical instruments traded in active markets.

 

   

Level 2 – Valuation is based on quoted market prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.

 

   

Level 3 – Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. Valuation techniques include use of discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.

In accordance with the requirements of the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the FASB ASC, it is the company's policy to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements. When available, the company uses quoted market prices to measure fair value. If market prices are not available, the fair value measurement is based on models that use primarily market based parameters including interest rate yield curves, option volatilities and currency rates. In certain cases where market rate assumptions are not available, the company is required to make judgments about assumptions market participants would use to estimate the fair value of a financial instrument. Changes in the underlying assumptions used, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows could significantly affect the results of current or future values. The results may not be realized in an actual sale or immediate settlement of an asset or liability.

The assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis include securities and derivatives. Financial instruments classified as Level 1 are securities traded on an active exchange as well as U.S. Treasury, and other U.S. government and agency-backed securities that are traded by dealers or brokers in active over-the-counter markets. Derivatives are classified as Level 2 financial instruments. The only financial instruments classified as Level 3 are auction rate securities.

The fair value of securities is based on quoted market prices at the date of measurement, except for auction rate securities. The auction rate security market is no longer active and as a result there is no observable market data for these assets. Fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding current economic conditions, liquidity discounts and interest rate risks. These estimates involve significant uncertainties and judgments and cannot be determined with precision. As a result such calculated fair value estimates may not be realizable in a current sale or immediate settlement of the instrument. In addition, changes in the underlying assumptions used in the fair value measurement technique, including discount rates, liquidity risks and estimates of future cash flows could significantly affect these fair value estimates.

A discounted cash flow (DCF) calculation is performed to determine the estimated fair value of the auction rate securities. The assumptions used in preparing the DCF model included estimates for the amount and timing of future interest and principal payments and the rate of return required by investors to own these securities in the current environment. In making these assumptions, relevant factors that were considered included: the formula applicable to each security which defines the interest rate paid to investors in the event of a failed auction; forward projections of the interest rate benchmarks specified in such formulas; the likely timing of principal repayments; the probability of full repayment considering guarantees by third parties and additional credit enhancements provided through other means. The estimate of the rate of return required by investors to own these securities also considers the current reduced liquidity for auction rate securities. Inputs for DCF calculations are based upon publicly available data as well as the company's own estimates. The primary unobservable input to the valuation was the maturity assumption which ranged from four to ten years depending on the individual auction rate security. The maturity assumptions were based on the terms of the underlying instrument and the potential for restructuring the auction rate security.

All of the company's derivatives are traded in over-the-counter markets where quoted market prices are not readily available. For those derivatives, the company measures fair value using prices obtained from the counterparties with whom the company has traded. The counterparties price the derivatives based on models that use primarily market observable inputs, such as yield curves and option volatilities. Accordingly, the company classifies these derivatives as Level 2.

The company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of non-performance by counterparties to hedging instruments. The counterparties to all derivative transactions are major financial institutions. However, this does not eliminate the company's exposure to credit risk with these institutions. This credit risk is generally limited to the unrealized gains in such contracts should any of these counterparties fail to perform as contracted. The company considers the risk of counterparty default to be minimal.

The following table presents the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 25, 2011.

 

    Fair Value Measurements  
    Total     Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets
(Level 1)
    Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

(Level 3)
 
    (In millions)                    

Foreign Currency Derivatives

       

Assets

  $ 0.5      $ —        $ 0.5      $ —     

Liabilities

    (7.9     —          (7.9     —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $ (7.4   $ —        $ (7.4   $ —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Securities

       

Marketable securities

  $ 2.7      $ 2.7      $ —        $ —     

Auction rate securities

    29.0        —          —          29.0   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $ 31.7      $ 2.7      $ —        $ 29.0   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

The following table summarizes the changes in level 3 securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the nine months ended September 25, 2011.

 

     Auction Rate
Securities
 
     (In millions)  

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 28.0   

Total realized and unrealized gains or (losses)

  

Included in net income

     —     

Included in OCI

     0.6   

Accretion of impairments included in net income

     0.4   

Sales

     —     

Purchases, issuances and settlements

     —     
  

 

 

 

Balance at end of period

   $ 29.0   
  

 

 

 

Long term debt is carried at amortized cost. However, the company is required to estimate the fair value of long term debt under the Financial Instrument Topic of the FASB ASC. The fair value of the term loan was determined utilizing current trading prices obtained from indicative market data. The carrying amount of the revolving facility is considered to approximate fair value as the interest rate on the loan is similar to current market rates. See Note 12 for more information on the credit facility.

 

     September 25, 2011      December 26, 2010  
     Carrying
Amount
     Estimated
Fair Value
     Carrying
Amount
     Estimated
Fair Value
 
     (In millions)  

Long-Term Debt:

           

Revolving Credit Facility borrowings

   $ 300.0       $ 300.0         

Term Loan

         $ 320.7       $ 316.7